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Journal articles on the topic 'Iridoid synthase'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Aničić, Neda, and Danijela Mišić. "Unveiling the evolution of iridoid biosynthesis in the genus Nepeta: a mini review." Biologia Serbica 46, no. 1 (2024): 100–108. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13925848.

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<strong>Summary. </strong>The genus <em>Nepeta</em>, belonging to the Lamiaceae family, encompasses a diverse group of plants with significant biological activities attributed mainly to their iridoid compounds. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent research on iridoid biosynthesis, regulation, and evolutionary aspects within the <em>Nepeta</em> genus. The biological activities of <em>Nepeta</em> species, including repellent, phytotoxic, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic effects, have been extensively investigated, highlighting the potential applications of iridoids. Over the past

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2

Kries, Hajo, Franziska Kellner, Mohamed Omar Kamileen, and Sarah E. O'Connor. "Inverted stereocontrol of iridoid synthase in snapdragon." Journal of Biological Chemistry 292, no. 35 (2017): 14659–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m117.800979.

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3

Duan, Hongying, Wenxiao Liu, Yunpeng Zeng, Wenjing Jia, Huihui Wang, and Yanqing Zhou. "Expression analysis of key enzymes involved in the accumulation of iridoid in Rehmannia glutinosa." Plant Omics, no. 12(02):2019 (September 20, 2019): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/poj.12.02.19.p2221.

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As the traditional Chinese herb, Rehmannia glutinosa (R. glutinosa) has significant effects on health. The main active ingredient of R. glutinosa is iridoid. In this study, root, stem and leaf of R. glutinosa at five different growth stages were collected, the content of iridoid in R. glutinosa was determinated, and the expression of key enzymes in R. glutinosa was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR). We found that the content of iridoid was increased continuously during the first three growth stages (I-III) of R. glutinosa. It reached the maximum value in root and leaf at growth st

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Kang, Ji-Nam, Jong-Won Han, So-Hee Yang, and Si-Myung Lee. "Co-Expression Analysis Reveals Differential Expression of Homologous Genes Associated with Specific Terpenoid Biosynthesis in Rehmannia glutinosa." Genes 13, no. 6 (2022): 1092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13061092.

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Terpenoids are naturally occurring compounds involved in respiration, photosynthesis, membrane fluidity, and pathogen interactions and are classified according to the structure of their carbon skeleton. Although most terpenoids possess pharmacological activity, knowledge about terpenoid metabolism in medicinal plants is insufficient. Rehmannia glutinosa (R. glutinosa) is a traditional herb that is widely used in East Asia and has been reported to contain various terpenoids. In this study, we performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of terpenoid metabolism in R. glutinosa using two RNA

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5

Salim, Vonny, Brent Wiens, Sayaka Masada-Atsumi, Fang Yu, and Vincenzo De Luca. "7-Deoxyloganetic acid synthase catalyzes a key 3 step oxidation to form 7-deoxyloganetic acid in Catharanthus roseus iridoid biosynthesis." Phytochemistry 101 (May 31, 2014): 23–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.02.009.

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Salim, Vonny, Wiens, Brent, Masada-Atsumi, Sayaka, Yu, Fang, Luca, Vincenzo De (2014): 7-Deoxyloganetic acid synthase catalyzes a key 3 step oxidation to form 7-deoxyloganetic acid in Catharanthus roseus iridoid biosynthesis. Phytochemistry 101: 23-31, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.02.009, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.02.009

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6

Schmidt, Karin, Jan Petersen, Jennifer Munkert та ін. "PRISEs (progesterone 5β-reductase and/or iridoid synthase-like 1,4-enone reductases): Catalytic and substrate promiscuity allows for realization of multiple pathways in plant metabolism". Phytochemistry 156 (31 грудня 2018): 9–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.08.012.

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Schmidt, Karin, Petersen, Jan, Munkert, Jennifer, Egerer-Sieber, Claudia, Hornig, Michael, Muller, Yves A., Kreis, Wolfgang (2018): PRISEs (progesterone 5β-reductase and/or iridoid synthase-like 1,4-enone reductases): Catalytic and substrate promiscuity allows for realization of multiple pathways in plant metabolism. Phytochemistry 156: 9-19, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.08.012, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.08.012

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7

Sandholu, Anandsukeerthi, Jayati Sengupta, and Kiran Kulkarni. "Structural basis of iridoid synthase-mediated cyclization of 10-oxogeranial." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 73, a2 (2017): C270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273317093032.

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8

Xiang, Beibei, Xiaoxue Li, Yan Wang, et al. "Cloning and Characterization of Two Iridoid Synthase Homologs from Swertia Mussotii." Molecules 22, no. 8 (2017): 1387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules22081387.

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9

Munkert, Jennifer, Jacob Pollier, Karel Miettinen та ін. "Iridoid Synthase Activity Is Common among the Plant Progesterone 5β-Reductase Family". Molecular Plant 8, № 1 (2015): 136–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2014.11.005.

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10

Klein, Jan, Elisa Horn, Mona Ernst та ін. "RNAi-mediated gene knockdown of progesterone 5β-reductases in Digitalis lanata reduces 5β-cardenolide content". Plant Cell Reports 40, № 9 (2021): 1631–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00299-021-02707-3.

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Abstract Key message Studying RNAi-mediated DlP5βR1 and DlP5βR2 knockdown shoot culture lines of Digitalis lanata, we here provide direct evidence for the participation of PRISEs (progesterone 5β-reductase/iridoid synthase-like enzymes) in 5β-cardenolide formation. Abstract Progesterone 5β-reductases (P5βR) are assumed to catalyze the reduction of progesterone to 5β-pregnane-3,20-dione, which is a crucial step in the biosynthesis of the 5β-cardenolides. P5βRs are encoded by VEP1-like genes occurring ubiquitously in embryophytes. P5βRs are substrate-promiscuous enone-1,4-reductases recently ter

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11

Dorfner, Maja, Jan Klein, Katharina Senkleiter, Harald Lanig, Wolfgang Kreis та Jennifer Munkert. "Addressing the Evolution of Cardenolide Formation in Iridoid-Synthesizing Plants: Site-Directed Mutagenesis of PRISEs (Progesterone-5β-Reductase/Iridoid Synthase-like Enzymes) of Plantago Species". Molecules 29, № 23 (2024): 5788. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29235788.

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Enzymes capable of processing a variety of compounds enable plants to adapt to diverse environmental conditions. PRISEs (progesterone-5β-reductase/iridoid synthase-like enzymes), examples of such substrate-promiscuous enzymes, are involved in iridoid and cardenolide pathways and demonstrate notable substrate promiscuity by reducing the activated C=C double bonds of plant-borne and exogenous 1,4-enones. In this study, we identified PRISE genes in Plantago media (PmdP5βR1) and Plantago lanceolata (PlP5βR1), and the corresponding enzymes were determined to share a sequence identity of 95%. Despit

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12

Hu, Yumei, Weidong Liu, Satish R. Malwal, et al. "Structures of Iridoid Synthase fromCantharanthus roseuswith Bound NAD+, NADPH, or NAD+/10-Oxogeranial: Reaction Mechanisms." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 54, no. 51 (2015): 15478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201508310.

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13

Hu, Yumei, Weidong Liu, Satish R. Malwal, et al. "Structures of Iridoid Synthase fromCantharanthus roseuswith Bound NAD+, NADPH, or NAD+/10-Oxogeranial: Reaction Mechanisms." Angewandte Chemie 127, no. 51 (2015): 15698–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201508310.

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14

Yang, Cui-cui, Xue-xian Kuai, Ya-li Li, et al. "Cornel Iridoid Glycoside Attenuates Tau Hyperphosphorylation by Inhibition of PP2A Demethylation." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/108486.

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Aim. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cornel iridoid glycoside (CIG) on tau hyperphosphorylation induced by wortmannin (WT) and GF-109203X (GFX) and the underlying mechanisms.Methods. Human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells were preincubated with CIG (50, 100, and 200 µg/ml, resp.) for 24 h and then exposed to 10 µM WT and 10 µM GFX for 3 h after washing out CIG. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the microtubular cytoskeleton of the cultured cells. Western blotting was used to measure the phosphorylation level of tau protein, glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK-3β), a

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15

Klein, Jan, Mona Ernst, Alexander Christmann та ін. "Knockout of Arabidopsis thaliana VEP1, Encoding a PRISE (Progesterone 5β-Reductase/Iridoid Synthase-Like Enzyme), Leads to Metabolic Changes in Response to Exogenous Methyl Vinyl Ketone (MVK)". Metabolites 12, № 1 (2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12010011.

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Small or specialized natural products (SNAPs) produced by plants vary greatly in structure and function, leading to selective advantages during evolution. With a limited number of genes available, a high promiscuity of the enzymes involved allows the generation of a broad range of SNAPs in complex metabolic networks. Comparative metabolic studies may help to understand why—or why not—certain SNAPs are produced in plants. Here, we used the wound-induced, vein patterning regulating VEP1 (AtStR1, At4g24220) and its paralogue gene on locus At5g58750 (AtStR2) from Arabidopsis to study this issue. T

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16

Nguyen, Trinh-Don, та Sarah E. O’Connor. "The Progesterone 5β-Reductase/Iridoid Synthase Family: A Catalytic Reservoir for Specialized Metabolism across Land Plants". ACS Chemical Biology 15, № 7 (2020): 1780–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.0c00220.

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17

Alagna, Fiammetta, Fernando Geu-Flores, Hajo Kries, et al. "Identification and Characterization of the Iridoid Synthase Involved in Oleuropein Biosynthesis in Olive (Olea europaea) Fruits." Journal of Biological Chemistry 291, no. 11 (2015): 5542–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m115.701276.

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18

Wang, Wenxiang, Ying Tan, Jingxin Mao, and Wei Xiong. "Swertiamarin and sweroside are potential inhibitors of COVID-19 based on the silico analysis." Medicine 103, no. 45 (2024): e40425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000040425.

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The severity of the respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has escalated rapidly in recent years, posing a significant threat to global health. Sweroside and swertiamarin are bioactive iridoid glycosides extracted mainly from Swertia davidii Franch. It remains unclear how Swertia davidii Franch. Specifically affects COVID-19 and its underlying mechanisms. We first employed network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques to investigate how sweroside and swertiamarin affect COVID-19 in order to explore its potential mechanism. We found that 35 pot

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19

Brodyak, I. V., A. A. Moroz, A. Z. Kucharska, and N. O. Sybirna. "Fruit extracts of various cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) cultivars as antioxidant therapy for alleviating nitrative stress in erythrocytes of blood in experimental diabetes mellitus." Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice 17, no. 2 (2024): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2024.2.301202.

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Natural antioxidants (vitamins, bioflavonoids, anthocyanins, etc.) are used to prevent the development of oxidative-nitrative stress in diabetes mellitus (DM), which helps to restore or avert functional disorders in the cells and tissues of the body. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of extracts of the fruit of different cultivars of the cornelian cherry, as well as their main iridoid glycoside – loganic acid, on the activity of NO-synthase and the content of stable metabolites of NO in blood erythrocytes of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Materials and methods. In t

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20

Qin, Lili, Yun Zhu, Zhiqiang Ding, Xuejiao Zhang, Sheng Ye, and Rongguang Zhang. "Structure of iridoid synthase in complex with NADP + /8-oxogeranial reveals the structural basis of its substrate specificity." Journal of Structural Biology 194, no. 2 (2016): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2016.02.010.

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21

Guo, Kaiwen, Cuicui Yang, and Lan Zhang. "The Reduction of Tau Hyperphosphorylation by Cornel Iridoid Glycosides Is Mediated by Their Influence on Calpain Activity." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (January 20, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9213046.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, and the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein is the main component of its pathogenesis. Calpain was found to be abnormally activated in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in a previous report. Cornel iridoid glycosides (CIG) have been reported to reduce the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. Nevertheless, the role of calpain in the reduction tau hyperphosphorylation by CIG remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of CIG on calpain activity through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Western blotting

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22

Salim, Vonny, Brent Wiens, Sayaka Masada-Atsumi, Fang Yu, and Vincenzo De Luca. "7-Deoxyloganetic acid synthase catalyzes a key 3 step oxidation to form 7-deoxyloganetic acid in Catharanthus roseus iridoid biosynthesis." Phytochemistry 101 (May 2014): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.02.009.

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23

Yang, Cuicui, Xuelian Li, Li Zhang, Yali Li, Lin Li та Lan Zhang. "Cornel iridoid glycoside induces autophagy to protect against tau oligomer neurotoxicity induced by the activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β". Journal of Natural Medicines 73, № 4 (2019): 717–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11418-019-01318-3.

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24

Hu, Yumei, Weidong Liu, Satish R. Malwal, et al. "Titelbild: Structures of Iridoid Synthase fromCantharanthus roseuswith Bound NAD+, NADPH, or NAD+/10-Oxogeranial: Reaction Mechanisms (Angew. Chem. 51/2015)." Angewandte Chemie 127, no. 51 (2015): 15517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201510890.

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25

Ye, Peng, Shuangcheng Liang, Xiaomin Wang, et al. "Transcriptome analysis and targeted metabolic profiling for pathway elucidation and identification of a geraniol synthase involved in iridoid biosynthesis from Gardenia jasminoides." Industrial Crops and Products 132 (June 2019): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.02.002.

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Hu, Yumei, Weidong Liu, Satish R. Malwal, et al. "Cover Picture: Structures of Iridoid Synthase fromCantharanthus roseuswith Bound NAD+, NADPH, or NAD+/10-Oxogeranial: Reaction Mechanisms (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 51/2015)." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 54, no. 51 (2015): 15301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201510890.

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27

Schmidt, Karin, Jan Petersen, Jennifer Munkert та ін. "PRISEs (progesterone 5β-reductase and/or iridoid synthase-like 1,4-enone reductases): Catalytic and substrate promiscuity allows for realization of multiple pathways in plant metabolism". Phytochemistry 156 (грудень 2018): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.08.012.

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28

Awadasseid, Annoor, Wei Li, Zhan Liu, et al. "Characterization of Camptotheca acuminata 10-hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase and iridoid synthase and their application in biological preparation of nepetalactol in Escherichia coli featuring NADP+ - NADPH cofactors recycling." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 162 (November 2020): 1076–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.223.

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29

Zhang, Qi, Sijing Hu, Yuqiong He та ін. "Monotropein Protects against Inflammatory Bone Loss and Suppresses Osteoclast Formation and Bone Resorption by Inhibiting NFATc1 via NF-κB and Akt/GSK-3β Pathway". Nutrients 14, № 19 (2022): 3978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14193978.

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Monotropein (Mon) is a kind of iridoid glycoside plant secondary metabolite primarily present in some edible and medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mon on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory bone loss in mice and osteoclasts (OCs) derived from bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), and explore the mechanisms underlying the effect of Mon on LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis. It was found that Mon markedly attenuated deterioration of the bone micro-architecture, enhanced tissue mineral content (TMC) and bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), reduced struc

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30

Sherden, Nathaniel H., Benjamin Lichman, Lorenzo Caputi, et al. "Identification of iridoid synthases from Nepeta species: Iridoid cyclization does not determine nepetalactone stereochemistry." Phytochemistry 145 (January 2018): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.10.004.

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31

Tietze, Lutz-F. "Secologanin, eine biogenetische Schlüsselverbindung - Synthese und Biogenese der Iridoid- und Secoiridoidglykoside." Angewandte Chemie 95, no. 11 (2006): 840–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19830951103.

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32

Petersen, J., M. Ernst, E. Gärtner та ін. "PRISE (progesterone 5β-reductases/iridoid synthases): Their roles in specialized plant metabolism". Planta Medica 81, S 01 (2016): S1—S381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1596807.

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33

Weinges, Klaus, Helene Iatridou, and Uwe Dietz. "Chemie und Stereochemie der Iridoide, XVI. EPC-Synthese von (−)-Hypnophilin." Liebigs Annalen der Chemie 1991, no. 9 (1991): 893–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.1991199101154.

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34

Sandholu, Anand S., Madhura Mohole, William L. Duax, Hirekodathakallu V. Thulasiram, Durba Sengupta, and Kiran Kulkarni. "Dynamics of loops at the substrate entry channel determine the specificity of iridoid synthases." FEBS Letters 592, no. 15 (2018): 2624–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.13174.

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35

He, Jingyu, Xianyuan Lu, Ting Wei та ін. "Asperuloside and Asperulosidic Acid Exert an Anti-Inflammatory Effect via Suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, № 7 (2018): 2027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19072027.

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Hedyotis diffusa is a folk herb that is used for treating inflammation-related diseases in Asia. Previous studies have found that iridoids in H. diffusa play an important role in its anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and potential mechanism of five iridoids (asperuloside (ASP), asperulosidic acid (ASPA), desacetyl asperulosidic acid (DAA), scandoside methyl ester (SME), and E-6-O-p-coumaroyl scandoside methyl ester (CSME)) that are presented in H. diffusa using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)—induced RAW 264.7 cells. ASP and ASPA significantly de

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36

Weinges, Klaus, and Dieter Brunner. "Chemie und Stereochemie der Iridoide, VII1) Enantiomerenreine Zwischenprodukte zur Synthese von diastereomeren 12-epi-Prostaglandinen." Liebigs Annalen der Chemie 1986, no. 1 (1986): 54–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.198619860106.

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37

El-Hela, Atef A., Marwa S. Abu Bakr, Mostafa M. Hegazy, et al. "Phytochemical Characterization of Pterocephalus frutescens with In-Silico Evaluation as Chemotherapeutic Medicine and Oral Pharmacokinetics Prediction Study." Scientia Pharmaceutica 91, no. 1 (2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/scipharm91010007.

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Virtual screening of the potential lead chemotherapeutic phytochemicals from medicinal plants has useful application in the field of in-silico modelling and computer-based drug design by orienting and scoring ligands in the active binding site of a target protein. The phytochemical investigation of the Pterocephalus frutescens extract in n-butanol resulted in the isolation and structure elucidation of three iridoids and four flavonoids which were identified as Geniposide (1), Geniposidic acid (2), Nepetanudoside C (3), Isovitexin (4), Luteolin-7-O-glucoside (5) Isoorientin (6) and Orientin (7)

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Weinges, Klaus, and Ulrich Lernhardt. "Chemie und Stereochemie der Iridoide, XIII. Synthese von enantiomerenreinem (1R,2S,2″Z)-(+)-Methyljasmonat aus Catalpol." Liebigs Annalen der Chemie 1990, no. 8 (1990): 751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.1990199001141.

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Li, Yuanjun, Xiaoru Zhai, Ligang Ma, et al. "Transcriptome Analysis Provides Insights into Catalpol Biosynthesis in the Medicinal Plant Rehmannia glutinosa and the Functional Characterization of RgGES Genes." Genes 15, no. 2 (2024): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes15020155.

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Rehmannia glutinosa, a member of the Scrophulariaceae family, has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine since ancient times. The main bioactive component of R. glutinosa is catalpol. However, the biogenesis of catalpol, especially its downstream pathway, remains unclear. To identify candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of catalpol, transcriptomes were constructed from R. glutinosa using the young leaves of three cultivars, Beijing No. 3, Huaifeng, and Jin No. 9, as well as the tuberous roots and adventitious roots of the Jin No. 9 cultivar. As a result, 71,142 unigenes with

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40

Petersen, Jan, Harald Lanig, Jennifer Munkert, Peter Bauer, Frieder Müller-Uri та Wolfgang Kreis. "Progesterone 5β-reductases/iridoid synthases (PRISE): gatekeeper role of highly conserved phenylalanines in substrate preference and trapping is supported by molecular dynamics simulations". Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 34, № 8 (2015): 1667–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2015.1088797.

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41

Inada, Aline Carla, Gabriela Torres Silva, Laleska Pâmela Rodrigues da Silva, et al. "Therapeutic Effects of Morinda citrifolia Linn. (Noni) Aqueous Fruit Extract on the Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in High-Fat/High-Fructose-Fed Swiss Mice." Nutrients 12, no. 11 (2020): 3439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113439.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of two different doses (250 and 500 mg/kg) of Morinda citrifolia fruit aqueous extract (AE) in high-fat/high-fructose-fed Swiss mice. The food intake, body weight, serum biochemical, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as well as histological analyses of the liver, pancreatic, and epididymal adipose tissue, were used to determine the biochemical and histological parameters. The chemical profile of the extract was determined by ultra-fast liquid chromatography–diode array detector–tandem

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42

Weinges, Klaus, Karl Neuberger, Hartmut Schick, Uwe Reifenstahl, and Hermann Irngartinger. "Chemie und Stereochemie der Iridoide, XV. Eine effiziente Synthese enantiomerenreiner (−)-Specionin-Analoga aus peracetylierten Iridoidglucosiden Kristall- und Molekülstruktur von (−)-3′-Methoxyspecionin." Liebigs Annalen der Chemie 1991, no. 5 (1991): 477–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.199119910186.

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Danielewski, Maciej, Andrzej Rapak, Angelika Kruszyńska та ін. "Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Fruit Extract Lowers SREBP-1c and C/EBPα in Liver and Alters Various PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, LXR-α Target Genes in Cholesterol-Rich Diet Rabbit Model". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, № 2 (2024): 1199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021199.

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Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruits, abundant in iridoids and anthocyanins, are natural products with proven beneficial impacts on the functions of the cardiovascular system and the liver. This study aims to assess and compare whether and to what extent two different doses of resin-purified cornelian cherry extract (10 mg/kg b.w. or 50 mg/kg b.w.) applied in a cholesterol-rich diet rabbit model affect the levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), and various liver X receptor-α (LXR-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated

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Weinges, Klaus, Hanspeter Gethöffer, Ursula Huber-Patz, Hans Rodewald, and Hermann Irngartinger. "Chemie und Stereochemie der Iridoide, IX. EPC-Synthese von (1R,2R,2″Z)-(−)-Methyl-jasmonat aus Catalpol – Kristall- und Molekularstruktur von Methyl-dehydrojasmonat-semicarbazon." Liebigs Annalen der Chemie 1987, no. 4 (1987): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.198719870335.

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Chawla, Pooja A., Parul Grover, Lovekesh Mehta, et al. "Exploring the multitarget potential of iridoids: Advances and Applications." Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 23 (December 22, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026623666221222142217.

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Abstract: Iridoids are secondary plant metabolites that are multitarget compounds active against various diseases. Iridoids are structurally classified into iridoid glycosides and non-glycosidic iridoids according to the presence or absence of intramolecular glycosidic bonds; additionally, iridoid glycosides can be further subdivided into carbocyclic iridoids and secoiridoids. These monoterpenoids belong to the cyclopentan[c]-pyran system, which has a wide range of biological activities, including antiviral, anticancer, antiplasmodial, neuroprotective, anti-thrombolytic, antitrypanosomal, anti

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Smit, Samuel J., Sefa Ayten, Barbara A. Radzikowska, et al. "The genomic and enzymatic basis for iridoid biosynthesis in cat thyme (Teucrium marum)." Plant Journal, March 15, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.16698.

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SUMMARYIridoids are non‐canonical monoterpenoids produced by both insects and plants. An example is the cat‐attracting and insect‐repelling volatile iridoid nepetalactone, produced by Nepeta sp. (catmint) and aphids. Recently, both nepetalactone biosynthetic pathways were elucidated, showing a remarkable convergent evolution. The iridoid, dolichodial, produced by Teucrium marum (cat thyme) and multiple insect species, has highly similar properties to nepetalactone but its biosynthetic origin remains unknown. We set out to determine the genomic, enzymatic, and evolutionary basis of iridoid bios

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Aničić, Neda, Dragana Matekalo, Marijana Skorić, et al. "Functional iridoid synthases from iridoid producing and non-producing Nepeta species (subfam. Nepetoidae, fam. Lamiaceae)." Frontiers in Plant Science 14 (January 3, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1211453.

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Iridoids, a class of atypical monoterpenes, exhibit exceptional diversity within the Nepeta genus (subfam. Nepetoidae, fam. Lamiaceae).The majority of these plants produce iridoids of the unique stereochemistry, with nepetalactones (NLs) predominating; however, a few Nepeta species lack these compounds. By comparatively analyzing metabolomics, transcriptomics, gene co-expression, and phylogenetic data of the iridoid-producing N. rtanjensis Diklić &amp; Milojević and iridoid-lacking N. nervosa Royle &amp; Bentham, we presumed that one of the factors responsible for the absence of these

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Galicia-Campos, Estrella, Ana García-Villaraco, M. B. Montero-Palmero, F. Javier Gutiérrez-Mañero, and Beatriz Ramos-Solano. "Bacillus H47 triggers Olea europaea metabolism activating DOXP and shikimate pathways simultaneously and modifying leaf extracts’ antihypertensive activity." Frontiers in Microbiology 13 (October 4, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1005865.

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Improvement of plant adaptation by beneficial bacteria (PGPB) may be achieved by triggering multiple pathways to overcome the environmental stress on plant’s growth cycle, activating plant’s metabolism. The present work reports the differential ability of three Bacillus strains to trigger olive tree metabolism, among which, only H47 was outstanding increasing iridoid and flavonol concentration. One-year old olive seedlings grown open air, under harsh conditions of water shortage in saline soils, were root-inoculated with three Bacillus PGPB strains throughout a 12-month period after which, pho

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Galicia, Campos Estrella, ANA GARCÍA-VILLARACO, María Belén Montero, Francisco Javier Gutierrez-Mañero, and Beatriz Ramos-Solano. "Bacillus H47 triggers Olea europaea metabolism activating DOXP and shikimate pathways simultaneously and modifying leaf extracts' antihypertensive activity." Frontiers in Microbiology, October 4, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607728.

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Improvement of plant adaptation by beneficial bacteria (PGPB) may be achieved by triggering multiple pathways to overcome the environmental stress on plant’s growth cycle, activating plant’s metabolism. The present work reports the differential ability of three Bacillus strains to trigger olive tree metabolism, among which, only H47 was outstanding increasing iridoid and flavonol concentration. One-year old olive seedlings grown open air, under harsh conditions of water shortage in saline soils, were root-inoculated with three Bacillus PGPB strains throughout a 12-month period afte

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Rodríguez-López, Carlos E., Yindi Jiang, Mohamed O. Kamileen, et al. "Phylogeny-aware chemoinformatic analysis of chemical diversity in the Lamiaceae enables iridoid pathway assembly and discovery of aucubin synthase." Molecular Biology and Evolution, March 17, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac057.

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Abstract Countless reports describe the isolation and structural characterization of natural products, yet this information remains disconnected and under-utilized. Using a cheminformatics approach, we leverage the reported observations of iridoid glucosides with the known phylogeny of a large iridoid producing plant family (Lamiaceae), to generate a set of biosynthetic pathways that best explain the extant iridoid chemical diversity. We developed a pathway reconstruction algorithm that connects iridoid reports via reactions, and prunes this solution space by considering phylogenetic relations

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