Journal articles: 'Iron air'

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Sinurat, Merry Ananda Pratiwi, Bellinda Dara Dinanti, Widiya Widiya, and Rizki Purnaini. "Kombinasi Aerasi-Filtrasi dalam Pengolahan Air Sumur Gali Menjadi Air Bersih." Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Lahan Basah 12, no. 2 (2024): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jtllb.v12i2.76659.

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The increasing population growth will lead to an increased demand for clean water. Homewer, in some areas, people still use raw water from dug wells without any prior treatment. This research aims to develop well water treatment technology using a combination of aeration and filtration systems and to evaluate its effectiveness in reducing iron and turbidity levels in well water. The combination of aeration-filtration technology can achieve a 95% reduction in iron content, with the iron parameter value before treatment being 0,791 mg/L and after treatment being 0,062 mg/L. As for turbidity parameter, it has an effectiveness of 97% with an initial value before treatment of 16 NTU and after treatment becoming 0,355 NTU. This combination technology offers an effective solution to improve water quality with a significant reduction in iron and turbidity parameters.

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Unhold, Locke. "Iron and Sand and Air." Scope: Contemporary Research Topics (Art & Design), no. 24 (2023): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/scop.1024011.

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Zhou, Jingkun, and Yunkai Zhou. "Spatial Effect and Threshold Characteristics of China’s Iron and Steel Industrial Agglomeration on Fog-Haze Pollution." Atmosphere 14, no. 2 (2023): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020415.

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The iron and steel industry is an important foundation of the national economy. It is the inevitable choice, to achieve high-quality development in the new era of the iron and steel industry, to speed up the green development of the iron and steel industry. This paper studies the effect of steel industry agglomeration on regional economic growth and air pollution. Through the analysis of the characteristics of iron and steel industry agglomeration, and the empirical analysis of the relationship between iron and steel industry agglomeration, regional economic growth, and air pollution, it is found that: (1) Iron and steel industry agglomeration helps to promote economic growth; (2) Iron and steel industry agglomeration has an obvious spatial correlation effect and obviously drives the development of surrounding areas; (3) Iron and steel industry agglomeration will cause air pollution. The marginal effect of air pollution will decline rapidly with the development of iron and steel industry agglomeration. (4) The impact of green process innovation investment on air pollution presents an inverted U-shaped effect, which has a positive effect on air recovery after exceeding the critical point. (5) The air self-purification capacity represented by precipitation, helps to reduce air pollution. Based on the above conclusions, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions, such as making a scientific development plan for the iron and steel industry, accelerating green process innovation, effectively improving regional precipitation and precipitation times, vigorously promoting high-quality development of the regional economy, and comprehensively promoting coordinated development of the iron and steel industry, so as to cope with the dilemma of the coordinated development of the iron and steel industry, regional economic growth, and smog pollution, and strive for international development in the future. In the competition, we should gain the first opportunity and obvious competitive advantage.

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Gani, Asnah Junitriani, Rosdiana Rosdiana, and Wa Ndibale. "Analisis Kualitas Air Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum Unit Anduonohu." Jurnal TELUK: Teknik Lingkungan UM Kendari 2, no. 2 (2022): 046–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.51454/teluk.v2i2.538.

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The quality of clean water is an important factor in all matters, especially for the Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM) which will distribute clean water to the community. Maintaining the quality of clean water to avoid contaminants is something the needs to be considered. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically test water quality in order to maintain the quality of clean water obtained, such as testing the level of turbidity and Fe (iron). In this study, the result of the analysis of water quality testing parameters of turbidity and Fe (iron) at each point namely point 1, point 2, point 3, and point 4 had different result. The turbidity level obtained at point 1 (reservoir) was 0,8 NTU, increased at point 2 to 0,81 NTU and again increased at point 3 to 0,82 NTU. Then at point 4, the result obtained are back to 0,8 NTU. While the result of the analysis of the content of iron (Fe) obtained at point 1 (reservoir) is 0,006 mg/L, while at point 2 and point 3 the same results are obtained, namely 0,0052 mg/L, then at point 4 it is much increased to 0,02 mg/L. Things that effect the result of the analysis obtained at each point, including the difference in distance and contours of the soil at each point.

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Ghio, Andrew J., Joleen M. Soukup, and Lisa A. Dailey. "Air pollution particles and iron homeostasis." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects 1860, no. 12 (2016): 2816–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.05.026.

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Saleh, Rosani M. Hi, Zulkifli Zam Zam, Merlin -, Muhamamd Amin, and Sudir Umar. "FITOREMEDIASI TANAMAN KANGKUNG AIR (Ipomoea aquatica) TERHADAP LOGAM BESI (Fe) PADA AIR SUMUR." Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia Unkhair (JPKU) 4, no. 1 (2024): 7–11. https://doi.org/10.33387/jpku.v4i1.8404.

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Â Informasi JurnalÂ Kata Kunci: Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Fitoremediasi, Tanaman Kangkung Air (Ipomoea aquatica), logam berat Besi (Fe)AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan konsentrasi air sumur sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan fitoremediasi, kemampuan tanaman kangkung air (Ipomoea aquatica) dalam meyerap kadar besi (Fe) pada air sumur dan pengaruh penyerapan kadar besi (Fe) pada kangkung air sesudah fitoremediasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode fitoremediasi dengan memanfaatkan tanaman kangkung air. Analisis yang digunakan adalah Spektrofotometri UV-Vis, faktor biokonsentrasi, faktor translokasi. Hasil Penelitian di dapatkan konsentrasi (Fe) pada air sumur sebelum perlakuan sebesar 1,40 mg/L, sesudah perlakuan dengan variasi 10, 15, dan 20 tangkai berturut-turut 1,29 mg/L, 0,95 mg/L, dan 0,61 mg/L. Kangkung air mampu menyerap kadar besi (Fe) pada air sumur dengan penyerapan tertinggi terjadi di akar dengan jumlah variasi 20 tangkai sebesar 937,5 mg/kg. Terdapat pengaruh sesudah dilakukan perlakuan fitoremediasi terhadap terjadinya penyerapan kadar besi (Fe) pada air sumur..Â Â Â Â Keyword:Phytoremediation, water spinach plant (Ipomoea aquatica), heavy metal iron (Fe).AbstractThis study aims to determine the difference in well water concentrations before and after phytoremediation treatment, the ability of water spinach plants (Ipomoea aquatica) to absorb iron (Fe) levels in well water and the effect of absorption of iron (Fe) levels in water spinach after phytoremediation. The Method used is the phytoremediation method by utilizing water spinach plants. The analysis used is UVVis spectrophotometry, bioconcentration factor, translocation factor. The research results obtained the concentration (Fe) in well water before treatment amounted to 1.40 mg/L, after treatment with a variation of 10, 15, and 20 stalks respectively 1.29 mg/L, 0.95 mg/L, and 0.61 mg/L. Water spinach is able to absorb iron (Fe) levels in well water with the highest absorption occurring in the roots with the number of variations of 20 stalks amounting to 937.5 mg/kg. There is an influence after the phytoremediation treatment on the absorption of iron (Fe) levels in well water.

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Arin, Anif Nur Fauziah, Sri Poerwati, and Karno. "SHOWER UNTUK PENURUNAN KADAR BESI (Fe) AIR TANAH." Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan 21, no. 1 (2023): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36568/gelinkes.v21i1.48.

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Ground water that is consumed as drinking water is water which has passed processing system or water which has not passed any process that meets the healthstandard/requirements and can be consumed/drunk directly. Drinking water that fulfills the requirements according to the minister of health no 492 of 2010 has the maximum limit of iron (Fe) content which is 0.3 mg/l. The iron (Fe) content of ground water for drinking water in this research location exceeds the established quality standards, which yields 1,20 mg/.The objective of this research is to measure the iron content (Fe) before and after the treatment with the shower by using several variations of height 30 cm, 50 cm, 160 cm.Sampling method applied in this research was the grab sample with 9 times of replication and analyzed by using the Friedman statistic test. And the laboratory tests were carried out by using spectrophotometry.The results of laboratory examinations of iron (Fe) levels in ground water for drinking water after treatment using a shower with a height variation of 30 cm has reduced the iron content.in groundwater by 30.45%, height variation of 50 cm has reduced the iron (Fe)content in groundwater for drinking water which was 50.45%, and a height variation of 160 cm has effectively reduced iron (Fe) level by 80.75% which was the most effective height in reducing iron (Fe) levels. The results obtained have met the quality standards set by Minister of Health No. 492 In 2010. The results of the Friedman Statistical Test showed that there were differences in the decrease in iron (Fe) levels with the use of a circularshower with variations in height of 30 cm, 50 cm and 160 cm, so the hypothesis wasaccepted. In this research, the most effective height can be found by increasing the height of the shower and adding a longer contact time.

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Weinrich, Henning, Yasin Emre Durmus, Hermann Tempel, Hans Kungl, and Rüdiger-A. Eichel. "Silicon and Iron as Resource-Efficient Anode Materials for Ambient-Temperature Metal-Air Batteries: A Review." Materials 12, no. 13 (2019): 2134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12132134.

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Metal-air batteries provide a most promising battery technology given their outstanding potential energy densities, which are desirable for both stationary and mobile applications in a “beyond lithium-ion” battery market. Silicon- and iron-air batteries underwent less research and development compared to lithium- and zinc-air batteries. Nevertheless, in the recent past, the two also-ran battery systems made considerable progress and attracted rising research interest due to the excellent resource-efficiency of silicon and iron. Silicon and iron are among the top five of the most abundant elements in the Earth’s crust, which ensures almost infinite material supply of the anode materials, even for large scale applications. Furthermore, primary silicon-air batteries are set to provide one of the highest energy densities among all types of batteries, while iron-air batteries are frequently considered as a highly rechargeable system with decent performance characteristics. Considering fundamental aspects for the anode materials, i.e., the metal electrodes, in this review we will first outline the challenges, which explicitly apply to silicon- and iron-air batteries and prevented them from a broad implementation so far. Afterwards, we provide an extensive literature survey regarding state-of-the-art experimental approaches, which are set to resolve the aforementioned challenges and might enable the introduction of silicon- and iron-air batteries into the battery market in the future.

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Singh, Gurdeep, and Atahar Perwez. "Depreciation in Ambient Air Quality in Iron Ore Mining Region of Goa." Current World Environment 10, no. 1 (2015): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.10.1.17.

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Goa is one of the most famous international tourist destinations of the world. Export of Iron ore extracted from the midland of Goa is a major economic activity. However, there is a serious concern of air pollution due to iron ore mining activities. In order to assess the impact of mining activities on the environmental regime, the air quality depreciation index was adopted for this study due to its realistic and meaningful presentation of deterioration in ambient air quality. The index had been applied to the ambient air quality monitoring results of thirty four locations in the iron ore mining region of Goa. To envisage upon the deterioration in air quality due to various activities, eight stations were selected around mines, twelve in the buffer zone (within 4 Km radius of the core mining activities) and fourteen along the ore transportation routes for monitoring of SPM, PM10, SO2 and NOX. The deterioration of air quality in the iron ore mining region of Goa is clearly apparent as the depreciation in air quality was found < -1 from the most desired value of 0 at all the stations. In general, the air quality was found most depreciated along the ore transportation routes, which is also evidenced by a considerable load of particulate matters observed. This infers that ore transportation is the most devastating activity in the iron ore mining region of Goa and accordingly mitigation plan should be adopted.

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Sri Komala, Puti, Yenni Ruslinda, Ansiha Nur, Regina Mardatillah, and Srideva Salsabila. "Karakterisasi Air Kondensat AC sebagai Sumber Air Alternatif." Dampak 22, no. 1 (2025): 61–67. https://doi.org/10.25077/dampak.22.1.61-67.2025.

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This study analyzes the potential to reuse AC condensate water in Andalas University. The research was conducted in the Rectorate Building, the Civil Engineering Department, and the Environmental Engineering Department. AC condensate water sampling was conducted in 8 locations from the Rectorate, Civil Engineering, and Environmental Engineering office buildings. The parameters analyzed were pH, DO, Turbidity, COD, Metals, E.coli, and Total Coliform. Water quality was compared with the Minister of Health Regulation Number 2 of 2023, World Health Organization (WHO) for Drinking Water Quality Standards and Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021 concerning implementing Environmental Protection and Management. The results of water quality testing show that in addition to the parameters of pH, DO, Turbidity, COD, and Metals that have met the quality standards, the levels of iron (Fe), COD, and Total Coliform exceed the quality standards of the Minister of Health Regulation Number 2 of 2023. Used AC water is not recommended for consumption as drinking water. However, condensate AC water can be used for several activities, such as watering plants, cleaning floors and specific areas, and flushing toilets. The AC condensate water characterization results show that iron (Fe), COD, and Total Coliform parameters exceed the quality standards for drinking water requirements. AC condensate water is not recommended for consumption as drinking water without prior treatment. Used AC water can be utilized for several activities, such as watering plants, cleaning the floor, and cleaning the toilet. Keyword: condensate water; office building; potential; water source

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Irianty, Rozanna Sri, and Maria Peratenta Sembiring. "PENGARUH KONSENTRASI INHIBITOR EKSTRAK DAUN GAMBIR DENGAN PELARUT ETANOL-AIR TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI BESI PADA AIR LAUT." Jurnal Riset Kimia 5, no. 2 (2012): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v5i2.218.

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The important properties to overcome the corrosion are safe, available, biodegradable, low cost, and environmental friendly. Gambier leaves extract is one of the inhibitor that have environmental friendly properties. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of extract using ethanol-water to reduce the corrosion rate. Soaking of ferrous iron plate samples in seawater media have done for corrosion test. Agitator and aerator motors at turn-on and conducted a series of immersion with varying contact time 5, 10, 15, and 20 days. After the time up next ferrous iron plate samples were cleaned, dried, and weighed. Experiment was repeated by adding a inhibitor heavy leaves gambier extract with varying leaves gambier extract, 1000, 3000, and 5000 ppm. Soaking iron plate samples performed at varying pH at 3(acid), 6 (netral), and 9 (alkaline). Calculation is then performed and the rate of corrosion inhibition efficiency gambier leaves extract with ethanol-water solvent. On the immersion of iron plate without inhibitor, the result that the longer the contact time, the weight of the iron plate was reduced. The results showed the addition of inhibitors of leaves extract gambier with ethanol-water solvent into the corrosive media can reduce the rate of corrosion. Inhibitor of leaves extract gambier using ethanol-water solvent effective to reduce the rate of corrosion inhibitor at a concentration of 5000 ppm and contact time of 20 days with the lowest value of the corrosion rate is 0.000503 g/cm2 days in seawater media at initial pH 7.9. Gambier extracts gave greatest inhibition efficiency about 60.345% obtained at a concentration of 5000 ppm inhibitor and 20 days contact time.

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Lin, Zhongai, Xingyi Zhang, Biao Tang, and Feng Shen. "The Research on Anti-DC current Transformer of Dual Iron Core Structure with Air Gap." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2133, no. 1 (2021): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2133/1/012030.

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Abstract Current transformer (CT) is wildly used in electrical measurement and relay protection. In order to improve the power system stability in DC bias, the CT performance of anti-DC is necessarily to be enhanced. Based on the Jiles-Atherton theory, the magnetization characteristics of iron core with different air gap was analyzed in this paper. A simulation model was established using the Simulink toolbox, and the ratio error and angle error were investigated in different air gap length. Simulation result shows that the maximum magnetic density of iron core almost stays uncharged with the addition of air gap. Furthermore the slope of magnetization curve decreased, which leads to the increase of iron core saturation current. Current transformer with closed and air gap iron core possesses a stable measurement error in condition of severe DC bias.

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Xu, Rui Yuan, and Cun Shan Zhang. "The Analysis of Air Gap Flux Density in Permanent Magnet Brushless Motor with External Rotor." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 2666–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.2666.

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The air gap flux density distribution in different radius of three conditions such as stator iron without slotting, stator iron slotting under no load condition and stator iron slotting under load condition is discussed using the 2-D finite element method. The effect of slotting on the distribution of air gap flux density of permanent magnet brushless motor is also analyzed.

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Izati, Nurul, and Riad Syech. "ANALISIS PENGARUH RESAPAN AIR LAUT TERHADAP INTRUSI AIR SUMUR GALI DESA JANGKANG KABUPATEN BENGKALIS." Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia 17, no. 1 (2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jkfi.17.1.7-13.

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This study aims to determine how much the pollution level of wells digging to the distance of wells from the coast by analyzing the values of the conductivity, salinity, pH and heavy metals such as Lead(Pb), Iron(Fe) and Manganese(Mn). The method used was purposive sampling with number of sample are 10 sample points with variation distance ± 100 m. Conductivity measurements were carried out in two ways, namely using a conductivitimeter and Wheatstone bridge. The measurement results using conductivity meter indicate that the average conductivity value of a well water sample is 125.50 - 80.04 μS/cm while the comparison using the Wheatstone bridge method has an error percentage value of 6.12 %. The salinity has values ranged from 0.112 - 0.093 ‰ which is classified as fresh water. The measurement of pH values shows indications of pollution, due to water classified as acid with a pH value ranging from 3.1 - 4.1. The measurement of the value of Iron(Fe) and Manganese(Mn) does not indicate water pollution due to heavy metals with an average concentration of Iron(Fe) 0.3697 mg/l and Manganese(Mn) 0.0391 mg/l. Comparison of the salinity and conductivity values to the well distance from the coast does not show relation that correlates with seawater intrusion in Mekar Indah Vilage.

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Morey, Chaitali, Qiming Tang, Xinfang Jin, and Kevin Huang. "Multiphysics Modeling of Solid Oxide Iron Air Battery with New Catalyst and Proton Conductor Oxide Support." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 25 (2023): 1677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01251677mtgabs.

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Long-duration energy storage (LDES) (10+ hours) is widely regarded as an enabling technology to deepen the penetration of renewable energy into the commercial utility market. However, the current storage technologies cannot achieve LDES’s duration requirement at a competitive cost. Therefore, new LDES technologies are highly sought after in recent years. Solid oxide iron air battery is a newly emerging battery based on oxide-ion chemistry and stores energy in energy-dense solid iron. Our recent results have shown that the battery in a laboratory size (f1”) delivers 12.5-hour storage per cycle for 20 cycles with high energy capacity and round-trip efficiency. This presentation focuses on the description of a high-fidelity 2D axis symmetrical multi-physics model to simulate the performance of a solid oxide iron air battery. The model battery system consists of an anode-supported solid oxide cell and energy storage unit (ESU) of iron bed with a proton conducting oxide BaZr0.4Ce0.4Y0.1Yb0.1O3 (BZC4YYb) based support and iridium as a catalyst. The Multiphysics model encompasses charge transfer, mass transport, and chemical redox kinetic cycle occurring across all components of the battery and is validated with experimental results. The kinetic JMA (Johnson-Mehl-Avrami) model is used for describing the oxidation and reduction kinetics of Fe-BZC4YYb-IrO2 ESU. The motivation for combing the Ir catalyst with proton conductor oxide support in ESU is to boost the sluggish FeOx reduction kinetics. Compared to the baseline ESU, i.e. Fe2O3/ZrO2, the newly developed BZC4YYb-IrO2 shows great catalytic activity toward FeOx reduction, thus allowing SOIAB to operate at 500-550oC with excellent capacity, stability, and high round trip efficiency. The presentation will also show the experimental data of improved reduction kinetic rate of Fe-BZC4YYb-IrO2 over the baseline Fe2O3/ZrO2.

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Drescher, Hans-Joachim. "Iron-air collisions within high-density QCD." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 175-176 (January 2008): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2007.10.015.

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Cui, Baochen, Yumeng Shao, Wei Xiang, et al. "Nano PdO Activated Iron Molten Air Battery." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 122, no. 15 (2018): 8109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b01145.

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Kozlov, Kirill, Victor Sagaradze, Natalya Kataeva, Sergey Afanasyev, Valery Shabashov, and Ivan Chernov. "Oxide Strengthening of Iron Oxidized with Air." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 29, no. 11 (2020): 7722–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05224-8.

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Cui, Baochen, and Stuart Licht. "A low temperature iron molten air battery." J. Mater. Chem. A 2, no. 27 (2014): 10577–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta01290a.

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Akimenko, V. B., I. A. Gulyaev, M. A. Sekachev, and O. Yu Kalashnikova. "Air-atomized iron powders — past, present, future." Metallurgist 51, no. 11-12 (2007): 624–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11015-007-0113-2.

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Mondal, Rakesh, Suman Sinha, Siuli Das, Gargi Chakraborty, and Nanda D. Paul. "Iron Catalyzed Synthesis of Pyrimidines Under Air." Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis 362, no. 3 (2019): 594–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adsc.201901172.

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Trocino, Stefano, Sabrina C. Zignani, Massimiliano Lo Faro, Vincenzo Antonucci, and Antonino S. Aricò. "Iron-Air Battery Operating at High Temperature." Energy Technology 5, no. 5 (2017): 670–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ente.201600438.

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Tsuneishi, Taku, Takuma Esaki, Hisatoshi Sakamoto, et al. "Iron Composite Anodes for Fabricating All-Solid-State Iron-Air Rechargeable Batteries." Key Engineering Materials 616 (June 2014): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.616.114.

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Hydroxide ion conductors containing KOH were prepared for application in an all-solid-state Fe–air battery. ZrO2 and Mg–Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) were employed as the matrix materials. The ionic conductivity and conducting ion species were evaluated by impedance and electromotive force measurements. Repeated charge and discharge were achieved by using negative electrodes composed of the solid electrolyte and iron oxide-supported carbon.

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Yamamoto, Yuji, Kôichi Fukui, Naoko Koujin, Hiroaki Ohya, Kazuhiko Kimura, and Yoshiyuki Kamio. "Regulation of the Intracellular Free Iron Pool by Dpr Provides Oxygen Tolerance to Streptococcus mutans." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 18 (2004): 5997–6002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.18.5997-6002.2004.

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ABSTRACT Dpr is an iron-binding protein required for oxygen tolerance in Streptococcus mutans. We previously proposed that Dpr could confer oxygen tolerance to the bacterium by sequestering intracellular free iron ions that catalyze generation of highly toxic radicals (Y. Yamamoto, M. Higuchi, L. B. Poole, and Y. Kamio, J. Bacteriol. 182:3740-3747, 2000; Y. Yamamoto, L. B. Poole, R. R. Hantgan, and Y. Kamio, J. Bacteriol. 184:2931-2939, 2002). Here, we examined the intracellular free iron status of wild-type (WT) and dpr mutant strains of S. mutans, before and after exposure to air, by using electron spin resonance spectrometry. Under anaerobic conditions, free iron ion concentrations of WT and dpr strains were 225.9 ± 2.6 and 333.0 ± 61.3 μM, respectively. Exposure of WT cells to air for 1 h induced Dpr expression and reduced intracellular free iron ion concentrations to 22.5 ± 5.3 μM; under these conditions, dpr mutant cells maintained intracellular iron concentration at 230.3 ± 28.8 μM. A decrease in cell viability and genomic DNA degradation was observed in the dpr mutant exposed to air. These data indicate that regulation of the intracellular free iron pool by Dpr is required for oxygen tolerance in S. mutans.

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Phela, Manoko, Phumlani Fortune Msomi, and Rhudzani Sigwadi. "Proton Exchange Membrane for Iron Air/Flow Battery Application." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 4 (2022): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024513mtgabs.

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Iron air/redox flow battery is the next promising battery system that can bridge the drawbacks of a static battery, at least in medium to high storage systems, due to the distinguishing difference from its static counterpart. It comes with the main advantages: the high current discharge and a flowing electrolyte, which can significantly suppress the formation of dendrite and passivation without imposing permanent damage to the cell structure. Iron, the fourth most abundant metal on the earth's crust, comes at a lower cost and requires less corrosion protection. This technology has received less attention than others due to overpotential/overvoltage and high Hydrogen evolution reaction on the anode. Different promising approach has been explored to improve the cycling stability of iron air batteries; by adding different electrolyte additives to suppress passivation and hydrogen evolution during discharge, improving the air cathode design by including dual or bifunctional electrocatalyst, and recent modification of the anode has helped realize a better iron air battery by facilitating a high surface area iron electrode using nanosized iron particle, and these create more electrode available to electrolyte and further adding a suitable additive to the electrode and electrolyte and increase charge capacity. Nonetheless, the battery working components begin to degrade as they interact; these cannot be stopped as batteries are consumable objects, but they can be delayed by improving the membrane separator's physical-chemical properties like conductivity, swelling ratio, selectivity, and membrane stability. Membrane's critical role aid in the improvement of the battery performance by separating the air cathode and metal anode electrode compartments to prevent short-circuiting, facilitate proton transfer, act as an electron insulator, and prevent fuel crossover, therefore improving the battery cycle life. The presentation will cover the basic working principle of the iron-air/redox flow battery and its prospective future in grid application and a brief report on the role of composite proton exchange membrane and their influence on cycle stability. References Sakai, T., Inoishi, A., Ogushi, M., Ida, S., & Ishihara, T. (2016). Characteristics of fe-air battery using Y2O3-stabilized-ZrO2 electrolyte with Ni–Fe electrode and Ba0.6La0.4CoO3-δ electrode operated at intermediate temperature. Journal of Energy Storage, 7, 115-120. Abbasi, A., Hosseini, S., Somwangthanaroj, n., Cheacharoen, R., Olaru, S., & Kheawhom, S. (2020). Discharge profile of a zinc-air flow battery at various electrolyte flow rates and discharge currents. Scientific Data, 7(1), 196. Leung, P., Li, X., De León, C. P., Berlouis, L., Low, C. J., & Walsh, F. C. (2012). Progress in redox flow batteries, remaining challenges and their applications in energy storage. Rsc Advances, 2(27), 10125-10156. Karomah, A. (2021). Iron-air batteries: A breakthrough in green energy. . Retrieved 17 march, 2022, from https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=20872. McKerracher, R., Ponce de León, C., Wills, R. G. A., Shah, A., & Walsh, F. (2014). A review of the Iron–Air secondary

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Huang, Chang Shan, Hui Wu Xu, Yu Shan Cheng, Jin Ying Wu, and Mian Xue. "Metal Corrosion Problems and Countermeasures in High Conductivity of Circulating Water." Applied Mechanics and Materials 333-335 (July 2013): 1841–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.333-335.1841.

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Objective: Through the test of air conditioning cooling water circulation system and the electrical conductivity of iron corrosion velocity, find out the method of corrosion control measures; Methods: Rotating hanging plate method and conductivity meter and other cooling water test air conditioning system in different conductivity of metal iron corrosion rate; Conductivity results: Air-conditioning cooling water circulation system of more than 1900 μs/cm, metal corrosion rate less than 0.05mm/a, shall meet the relevant standards. Conclusion: Through the addition of corrosion inhibitor, scientific emission and control of circulating cooling water pH, conductivity decreased circulating water cooling, can reduce the corrosion of iron, to ensure the safe and stable operation of cooling water pipe and equipment.

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Yao, Kuo, Yong Deng, Ran Liu, Lu Liu, Yanjia Gao, and Yanting Liu. "Factors affecting the hearth activity of blast furnace and corresponding measures." Metallurgical Research & Technology 122, no. 2 (2025): 205. https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2025005.

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To improve the hearth activity and provide a theoretical basis for the blast furnace (BF) smooth operation, this paper introduced indirect indicators of hearth activity, such as the descent of burden, fluctuations in air volume and pressure, hearth temperature, iron tapping conditions, and the heat of slag iron. The factors influencing hearth activity were analyzed, primarily focusing on the permeability provided by deadman, the viscosity of slag iron, and the position and size of the tuyere raceway. Control measures for hearth activity were summarized, including adjusting the permeability provided by deadman by controlling the particle size distribution and strength of coke. Maintaining the appropriate viscosity of slag iron by controlling the temperature of slag iron, the binary alkalinity of slag, the magnesia-to-alumina ratio, and the elemental content of sulfur, silicon, manganese, and titanium in the iron. Adjusting the position of the tuyere raceway by controlling parameters such as air volume, air pressure, tuyere area, and oxygen enrichment rate. Finally, it was concluded that providing more permeability channels through deadman, maintaining the viscosity of slag iron within a suitable range, and promoting the development of the tuyere raceway towards the lower and central parts of the furnace are all beneficial for improving hearth activity.

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Nguyen, Thao Thi, Than Ngoc Truong, Khanh Quoc Dang, and Binh Ngoc Duong. "Effect of Processing Parameters on Aeration of Reduced Hatinh Ilmenite." Key Engineering Materials 682 (February 2016): 314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.682.314.

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Aeration step, one of the major stages in the Becher process was carried out on reduced Hatinh (Vietnam) ilmenite in NH4Cl solution and the effect of several processing parameters were thoroughly investigated including the temperature, time, liquid/solid weight ratio (L/S), air flow rate and concentration of NH4Cl solution. The obtained results showed that longer rinsing time, higher liquid/solid ratio and air flow rate facilitated metallic iron rusting. The rusted iron amount increased when the temperature increased and reached the highest value at 70°C. Variation of NH4Cl concentration showed similar impact as that of temperature. The highest amount of rusted iron achieved at 0.5% NH4Cl. Chemical analysis and XRD results indicated that 98% of metallic iron in reduced ilmenite has been transformed to iron oxides at an aeration condition (70°C, 8 h, L/S=7/1, air flow rate = 4 l/min and 0.5% NH4Cl). Consequently, TiO2 content from approximately 60% in the reduced ilmenite increased up to approximately 80% in the aerated rutile.

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Taruna, Yulian, Salampak Salampak, Nina Yulianti, Haiki Mart Yupi, Sustiyah Sustiyah, and Fahrul Indrajaya. "Pengaruh Penyiraman Air Tanah Terhadap Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Air Gambut di Kalimantan Tengah." soilrens 19, no. 1 (2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/soilrens.v19i1.35092.

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This study observed the changes in chemical properties of peat soil and ground water after irrigation of two peat types: inland and transition peat. The research was carried out in the Basic and Analytic Laboratory of Palangka Raya University. Inland peat and water samples were obtained from Palangka Raya City, meanwhile and transitional peatland was taken from Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. Research methods consisted of survey and experimental test with complete randomized design (CRD) consisted of groundwater irrigation treatment and was repeated 3 times. The experimental parameters are soil chemical properties such as Ash Content, Base Saturation (KB), Nitrogen (N), Phosphor (P), Exchangeable Potassium (K-dd), Interchangeable Sodium (Na-dd), Interchangeable Calcium (Ca-dd), Interchangeable Magnesium (Mg-dd), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Aluminum Saturation, Iron (Fe), Sulfate (SO₄), Hydrogen Concentration (pH), and Electrical Delivery Power (EDP), and water chemical properties such as pH, EDP, cation, and anions.. The results showed that there has been an increase in the value of CEC, P, Na-dd, SO₄, pH, and decreased of Ash Content, N, K-dd, Ca-dd, and EDP on transitional peat soils. Meanwhile, the inland peat soils showed an increase of Ash Content, N, P, Mg-dd, a saturation of Al and Fe, and decreased in the value of CEC, Ka-dd, Na-dd, Ca-dd, SO₄, pH, and EDP. There were similar effect of groundwater irrigation, towards soil chemical properties, with an exeption of iron levels (Fe). Iron levels (Fe) in transitional peat increase, but decreased in inland peat.

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Babichev, V. N., K. E. Galeeva, A. N. Kirichenko, et al. "Iron Corrosion in the Radiative Plasma of Moist Air." Plasma Physics Reports 49, no. 5 (2023): 563–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063780x22601924.

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Abstract The rate of iron corrosion in a low-temperature plasma of moist air formed under the action of a fast electron beam, depending on the relative air humidity, was measured. It is shown that a beam of fast electrons (radioactive β-radiation) significantly intensifies the corrosion of iron in a plasma-forming gas medium in which oxygen and water vapour are simultaneously present. It has been established that the rate of corrosion under conditions of radioactive irradiation increases sharply when the relative air humidity exceeds 10%. Numerical simulation of the ionic composition of the plasma is carried out taking into account 12 types of positive and 12 types of negative hydrated ions at different intensities of the external ionization source and at different values of relative humidity from 10–6 to 100%. A hypothesis has been put forward about the determining role of cluster hydrated ions, which are formed in the plasma of moist air at atmospheric pressure, in heterogeneous processes of iron oxidation.

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Astuti, Farida Afriani, Syafrudin Syafrudin, and Indah Susilowati. "Kajian Status Mutu Air Sungai Akibat Buangan Air Lindi TPA Piyungan di Kabupaten Bantul." Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 21, no. 4 (2023): 881–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.21.4.881-887.

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This research was conducted along a tributary that empties into the Opak River in Piyungan District. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of leachate from the Piyungan landfill, river water quality, and the status of river water quality due to the discharge of leachate from the Piyungan landfill. The research method used is a survey method with sampling and field observations. Purposive sampling is used to take river sample points. There are five sample points taken with 15 test parameters used to analyze river water quality, including COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Chromium, Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), pH, temperature, turbidity, color, and total coliform. River water quality status is obtained by calculating the Pollution Index (IP) of class II quality standard, Governor of DIY Regulation Number 20 of 2008, without the total coliform parameter. Based on the analysis results, the characteristics of the leachate water of the Piyungan TPA have concentrations of BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, and Iron (Fe), which exceed the quality standards of Yogyakarta Special Region Regulation Number 7 of 2016. River water quality shows that parameters BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), turbidity, color, and total coliform exceed class II water quality standards regulation of the Governor of the Special Region of Yogyakarta Number 20 of 2008. The highest pollution load in rivers is Total Coliform, BOD, and COD. The status of river water quality from all sample point locations has the status of heavily polluted water (Point S1), moderately polluted (Point S2, S3, S4), and lightly polluted (Point S5). Thus, river water quality around the Piyungan landfill has decreased due to the discharge of leachate from the Piyungan landfill and community activities around the river.

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Susanto, Sony, Sigit Winarto, and Zendy Bima Mahardana. "Analisis Kualitas Air untuk Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air Berkelanjutan dengan Pengujian Air Klorin." Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Waradin 5, no. 1 (2024): 226–36. https://doi.org/10.56910/wrd.v5i1.476.

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Sustainable water resource management in Indonesian villages is essential to address poor water quality and low public awareness. This program aims to enhance the knowledge and skills of the community regarding sustainable water resource management. The methods used include training and water quality testing across 14 parameters, such as lead, copper, iron, chromium, pH, and free chlorine, in accordance with the standards set by the Ministry of Health Regulation. Results showed a 40% increase in community understanding after training, with all tested water parameters found to be within safe limits. The program successfully engaged the community in water quality monitoring, raising awareness and encouraging participation in sustainable water resource management. Although some participants initially faced difficulties in using the testing tools, intensive guidance was provided to overcome these challenges. In conclusion, the program positively contributed to improving the community's knowledge, skills, and participation in maintaining better water quality in the village.

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Zhang, Cuijuan, and Kevin Huang. "MOF-derived iron as an active energy storage material for intermediate-temperature solid oxide iron–air redox batteries." Chemical Communications 53, no. 76 (2017): 10564–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc06131e.

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We here demonstrate that the iron derived from an iron-based metal–organic framework (MOF), with exposed high-density Fe-atom planes, exhibits improved reduction activity, enabling good rechargeability of solid oxide iron–air redox batteries at 500 °C.

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34

Irawan, Andhika, Sri Heranurweni, and Titik Nurhayati. "SIMULASI PH AIR UNTUK AIR BOILER DAN AIR CHILLER PADA MESIN PRODUKSI REFRIGERATOR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN LOGIKA FUZZY." Elektrika 11, no. 1 (2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/elektrika.v11i1.1541.

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<p>The need for water is very important for the production process, the water quality must also be considered the pH value so that the water is suitable for use in boilers or chillers. Seeing from these needs a simulation was made on matlab R2017a using a fuzzy toolbox that can find out the water quality with fuzzy mamdani method. This fuzzy logic simulation can determine the standard value of boiler water pH (10.5-11.5) and the standard pH value of chiller water (6-8) in the production machine. The methods in fuzzy logic used are mamdani and centroid methods as deffuzification with R2017a matlab simulation tool. The fuzzy inference system used is the mamdani method. This study made a simulation of mamdani method that can determine the quality of the PH water produced by using fuzzy logic. Chiller water pH can be used if iron ion values (0-2 ppm), silica ions (50-150 ppm), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) (500-1000 ppm), total Hardness (100-200 ppm), M-alkalinity (500-750 ppm) from the standard value, the pH of the chiller water can be proven to reach a water pH value of 6-8. Boiler water pH can be used if iron ion values (0-2 ppm), silica ions (100-150 ppm), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) (2000-3500 ppm), total Hardness (0-3 ppm), M-alkalinity (700-800 ppm) from the standard value, the pH of boiler water can be proven to reach a water pH value of 10.5-11.5.<br />Keywords: fuzzy logic, Mamdani method, pH of boiler water</p>

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35

Weinrich, Henning, Jérémy Come, Hermann Tempel, Hans Kungl, Rüdiger-A. Eichel, and Nina Balke. "Understanding the nanoscale redox-behavior of iron-anodes for rechargeable iron-air batteries." Nano Energy 41 (November 2017): 706–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.10.023.

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36

Mojala, Siva Krishna. "Air Quality Monitoring in Iron Ore Mining Site." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology V, no. VIII (2017): 2177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2017.8310.

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AbdElmomen, S. S. "Reoxidation of direct reduced iron in ambient air." Ironmaking & Steelmaking 41, no. 2 (2013): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743281213y.0000000105.

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Coombs, P. G., and Z. A. Munir. "The decomposition of iron(III) sulfate in air." Journal of Thermal Analysis 35, no. 3 (1989): 967–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02057253.

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SUN, JIN-HUA, RITSU DOBASHI, and TOSHISUKE HIRANO. "Combustion Behavior of Iron Particles Suspended in Air." Combustion Science and Technology 150, no. 1-6 (2000): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102200008952119.

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Bolen, J. "Modern air pollution control for iron ore induration." Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 31, no. 2 (2014): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03402419.

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41

Muhammad Farhan Siddik Abdillah and Syadzadhiya Qothrunada Zakiyayasin Nisa. "Analisis Kualitas Air Baku Sungai Segah dan Air Instalasi Pengolahan Air (IPA) Raja Alam Perumda Batiwakkal Berau, Kabupaten Berau, Kalimantan Timur." INSOLOGI: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 4, no. 1 (2025): 102–12. https://doi.org/10.55123/insologi.v4i1.4789.

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The Raja Alam Water Treatment Plant (IPA) is a water treatment facility operated by the Batiwakkal Berau Regional Drinking Water Company, utilizing water from the Segah River as its raw water source. The produced water must meet the quality standards set forth in Minister of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023. Additionally, the raw water used must comply with the quality standards for drinking water sources as stipulated in Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. This study employs a descriptive quantitative method. The parameters measured include temperature, TDS, turbidity, pH, and iron (Fe). Measurements were conducted in September, October, and November 2024. The objective of this study is to analyze and compare the water quality of Segah River's raw water and the treated water from IPA Raja Alam, as well as to assess their compliance with the applicable quality standards. The results indicate that both the Segah River's raw water and the treated water comply with the applicable regulations. Additionally, the treated water experienced a 2.7% increase in temperature, an 8% increase in TDS, a 96% reduction in turbidity, a 5% increase in pH, and a 96% reduction in iron (Fe). It can be concluded that both the raw water used and the treated water produced by IPA Raja Alam meet the required quality standards.

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Chen, Shaobo, Jianhui Li, Qian You, et al. "Improving the Air Quality Management: The Air Pollutant and Carbon Emission and Air Quality Model for Air Pollutant and Carbon Emission Reduction in the Iron and Steel Industries of Tangshan, Hebei Province, China." Atmosphere 14, no. 12 (2023): 1747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14121747.

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Currently, Tangshan confronts the dual challenge of elevated carbon emissions and substantial pollution discharge from the iron and steel industries (ISIs). While significant efforts have been made to mitigate air pollutants and carbon emissions within the ISIs, there remains a gap in comprehending the control of carbon emissions, air pollutant emissions, and their contributions to air pollutant concentrations at the enterprise level. In this study, we devised the Air Pollutant and Carbon Emission and Air Quality (ACEA) model to identify enterprises with noteworthy air pollution and carbon emissions, as well as substantial contributions to air pollutant concentrations. We constructed a detailed inventory of air pollutants and CO2 emissions from the iron and steel industry in Tangshan for the year 2019. The findings reveal that in 2019, Tangshan emitted 5.75 × 104 t of SO2, 13.47 × 104 t of NOx, 3.55 × 104 t of PM10, 1.80 × 104 t of PM2.5, 5.79 × 106 t of CO and 219.62 Mt of CO2. The ACEA model effectively pinpointed key links between ISI enterprises emitting air pollutants and carbon dioxide, notably in pre-iron-making processes (coking, sintering, pelletizing) and the Blast furnace. By utilizing the developed air pollutant emission inventory, the CALPUFF model assessed the impact of ISI enterprises on air quality in the Tangshan region. Subsequently, we graded the performance of air pollutant and CO2 emissions following established criteria. The ACEA model successfully identified eight enterprises with significant air pollution and carbon emissions, exerting notable influence on air pollutant concentrations. Furthermore, the ACEA outcomes offer the potential for enhancing regional air quality in Tangshan and provide a scientific instrument for mitigating air pollutants and carbon emissions. The effective application of the ACEA model in Tangshan’s steel industry holds promise for supporting carbon reduction initiatives and elevating environmental standards in other industrial cities across China.

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Shen, Peng, Ze Qiang Fu, Jing Ye, and Bao Gao. "Prospect Analysis of Air Pollutants Synergistic Reduction in Iron and Steel Industry." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 1634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.1634.

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Iron and Steel industry, as one of the pillar industries in national economy of China, is a typical resource, energy and pollution intensive industry. During the 12th Five-Year Plan, it would be very difficult to achieve the pollutants emission reduction goal if iron and steel industry still carries on the way that treatment and control of different pollutants in different methods, which would also result in substantive economic cost. This article, based on the current research on the application of synergies in China and developed countries, and also on the development of pollutants synergies reduction in iron and steel industry, analyzed the prospect of synergies reduction in iron and steel industry.

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Cui, Baochen, Hongyu Xin, Shuzhi Liu, et al. "Improved Cycle Iron Molten Air Battery Performance Using a Robust Fin Air Electrode." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 164, no. 2 (2016): A88—A92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.0341702jes.

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Ferguson, C., G. S. Logsdon, and D. Curley. "Comparison of dissolved air flotation and direct filtration." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 3-4 (1995): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0522.

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Direct filtration with and without pre-ozone, and dissolved air flotation and filtration were evaluated for clarification of high quality reservoir water in Greenville, South Carolina, USA. Goals of the study included production of low turbidity filtered water and control of algae, iron and manganese, and disinfection by-product precursors. The dissolved air flotation treatment train gave much longer filter runs than direct filtration, when both processes met the 0.10 NTU goal for filtered water quality. Use of pre-ozone was beneficial for direct filtration. Removal of TOC, DBP precursors, and iron and manganese were similar for both processes.

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46

Tabuyo-Martinez, Marina, Ameya Bondre, and Antoni Forner-Cuenca. "Towards Low Cost and Long Duration Iron-Air Flow Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 8 (2023): 3410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0283410mtgabs.

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The electrification of the energy economy necessitates the development of low cost and large scale energy storage technologies that can integrate intermittent renewables (e.g. solar and wind). Among the various technological options (e.g. lithium ion batteries, vanadium redox flow batteries), metal-air batteries are promising alternatives owing to their high energy density, safety, and use of abundant raw materials. Moreover, when combined with the principles of redox flow batteries, mass transfer is enhanced, which results in a more uniform metal deposition and a reduction in the metal electrode passivation [2]. Furthermore, metal-air flow batteries could enable decoupling of power and energy, while retaining the scalability advantages of redox flow batteries. Additionally, they are more compact than conventional redox flow batteries since only one electrolyte tank is needed. Several metal-air flow battery systems have been investigated such as vanadium-air [3], lithium-air [4] and zinc-air batteries [5]. However, they suffer from limitations which challenge their scalability. Specifically, vanadium is costly and only available in certain regions, lithium requires the use of organic solvents which compromises the battery safety, and zinc forms dendrites leading to a lower performance and safety issues. In this context, iron-based batteries are a promising alternative due to their high specific capacity, low cost, large availability, safety, non-toxicity, and recyclability. Compared to zinc, iron is also less prone to dendrite formation during cycling in aqueous electrolytes since iron deposition kinetics is slower[6]. Despite these advantages, the performance of the iron anode is limited by electrode degradation during cycling due to phase transformations, hydrogen evolution, and low utilization of the activate material [6], which motivates fundamental research to advance the performance and durability of the system. In this poster presentation, we will discuss the main goals of our new project FAIR-RFB [7]. Our overall aim is to develop a low cost and durable iron-air flow battery system and, to this goal, we will investigate, (i) the role of porous electrode microstructure in defining the performance of iron-air flow batteries, (ii) the influence of electrode surface properties in determining transport phenomena, kinetics, selectivity and durability, and (iii) new electrochemical reactor architectures for high power iron-air redox flow batteries. References: [1] O. Ruhnau and S. Qvist, Environ. Res. Lett., 17, 044018 (2022). [2] X. Han, X. Li, J. White, C. Zhong, Y. Deng, W. Hu and T. Ma, Adv. Energy Mater., 8, 1801396 (2018). [3] S. S. Hosseiny, M. Saakes and M. Wessling, Electrochem. Commun., 13, 751-754 (2011). [4] X. J. Chen, A. Shellikeri, Q. Wu, J. P. Zheng, M. Hendrickson and E. J. Plichta, J. Electrochem. Soc., 160, A1619 (2013). [5] M. Bockelmann, U. Kunz and T. Turek, Electrochem. Commun., 69, 24-27 (2016). [6] R. D. McKerracher, C. Ponce de Leon, R. G. A. Wills, A. A. Shah and F. C. Walsh, ChemPlusChem, 80, 323-335 (2015). [7] Horizon Europe. “Engineered Porous Electrodes to Unlock Ultra-low Cost Fe-Air Redox Flow Batteries”. European Commission. https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101042844.

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Zhang, Guoqi, Jessica Cheng, Kezia Davis, Mary Grace Bonifacio, and Cynthia Zajaczkowski. "Practical and selective hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones in air catalysed by an iron(ii) coordination polymer." Green Chemistry 21, no. 5 (2019): 1114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc00078j.

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48

Mayo, Jonathan J., Pete Kohlhepp, Dianzheng Zhang, and Joy J. Winzerling. "Effects of sham air and cigarette smoke on A549 lung cells: implications for iron-mediated oxidative damage." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 286, no. 4 (2004): L866—L876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00268.2003.

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Inhalation of airborne pollution particles that contain iron can result in a variety of detrimental changes to lung cells and tissues. The lung iron burden can be substantially increased by exposure to cigarette smoke, and cigarette smoke contains iron particulates, as well as several environmental toxins, that could influence intracellular iron status. We are interested in the effects of environmental contaminants on intracellular iron metabolism. We initiated our studies using lung A549 type II epithelial cells as a model, and we evaluated the effects of iron dose and smoke treatment on several parameters of intracellular iron metabolism. We show that iron at a physiological dose stimulates ferritin synthesis without altering the transferrin receptor (TfR) mRNA levels of these cells. This is mediated primarily by a reduction of iron regulatory protein 2. Higher doses of iron reduce iron regulatory protein-1 binding activity and are accompanied by a reduction in TfR mRNA. Thus, for A549 cells, different mechanisms influencing IRP-IRE interaction allow ferritin translation in the presence of TfR mRNA to provide for iron needs and yet prevent excessive iron uptake. More importantly, we report that smoke treatment diminishes ferritin levels and increases TfR mRNA of A549 cells. Ferritin serves as a cytoprotective agent against oxidative stress. These data suggest that exposure of lung cells to low levels of smoke as are present in environmental pollutants could result in reduced cytoprotection by ferritin at a time when iron uptake is sustained, thus enhancing the possibility of lung damage by iron-mediated oxidative stress.

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Kabátová, Margita, Eva Dudrová, and Helena Bruncková. "Microstructure of Composites Based on Phosphated Iron Powder." Materials Science Forum 782 (April 2014): 495–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.782.495.

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The commercial carbonyl iron powder coated with iron phosphate (20 wt.%) was dried (60°C for 2 h in air), calcinated at 400°C for 3 h in air, compacted at 600 MPa into cylindrical samples and subsequently sintered at 820, 900 and 1110°C for 30 min in N2-10%H2 atmosphere. By means of EDX and XRD analyses the phase composition of the coating and sintered microstructure was studied. Microstructure resulting from sintering at 820 and 900°C was formed by initial iron particles surrounded with the crystalline FePO4 and α-Fe2O3 phases. Due to liquid phase sintering at 1110°C a mixed microstructure containing spheroidized α-Fe phase surrounded by solidified liquid phase consisting of iron oxides and phosphorous compounds has been formed. In order to prepare a network composite microstructure the compacts based on spherical iron particles size of 100-160 µm coated with 2 wt.% of iron phosphate were dried, calcined at 400°C, compacted and liquid phase sintered at 980°C.

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Minetti, M., T. Forte, M. Soriani, V. Quaresima, A. Menditto, and M. Ferrari. "Iron-induced ascorbate oxidation in plasma as monitored by ascorbate free radical formation. No spin-trapping evidence for the hydroxyl radical in iron-overloaded plasma." Biochemical Journal 282, no. 2 (1992): 459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2820459.

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A study was made of the interaction of plasma ascorbate and ascorbate free radical (AFR) with exogenously added iron. The quantitative determination of AFR has the advantage that transient increases in ascorbate oxidation can be directly monitored by e.p.r. spectroscopy. An AFR signal was found in the plasma of all donors and was unaffected by superoxide dismutase, catalase and the strong iron chelator deferoxamine. These findings and the rapid decrease in AFR under a nitrogen atmosphere suggest that plasma AFR is probably a result of air auto-oxidation. Iron loading of plasma did not affect the intensity of the AFR signal until the iron concentration approached or exceeded the plasma latent iron-binding capacity. In iron-overloaded plasma, the intensity of the AFR signal increased to about 10 times the normal level before decreasing rapidly to undetectable levels after 15-20 min. Determination of plasma ascorbate showed that the disappearance of AFR was due to a complete loss of the vitamin. When 50 microM-ascorbate was loaded with iron in iso-osmotic phosphate buffer there was an increase in the AFR signal, independent of the iron concentration, which was stable at least for 15 min. Thus the rate of ascorbate loss in the iso-osmotic phosphate buffer was considerably lower than in iron-overloaded plasma. The addition of different iron chelators produced comparable effects on the intensity of the AFR signal in both iron-overloaded plasma and ascorbate solution. These results suggest that the characteristic behaviour of plasma AFR after iron loading is due to its specific iron-binding capacity and to plasma ferroxidase activity. The ferroxidase activity of plasma is important to promote the transfer of Fe2+ into transferrin without a transient ascorbate oxidation. Spin-trapping studies with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide and N-t-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone revealed that iron-overloaded plasma was unable to produce spin-trap adducts even in the presence of 50-300 microM-hydrogen peroxide or 100 microM-azide. Evidence of OH. radical formation was obtained only after the addition of EDTA. Therefore, iron-overloaded plasma itself does not produce a Fenton reaction and, if ascorbate does indeed have a free-radical-mediated pro-oxidant role, it is not detectable in plasma by spin-trapping experiments.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Iron air'

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