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Journal articles on the topic 'Iron and steel bridges Bridges Building'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Mikesell, Stephen. "The Suspension Bridges of Andrew Smith Hallidie." California History 95, no. 2 (2018): 52–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2018.95.2.52.

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Andrew Smith Hallidie (1836–1900) played a central role in the development of the suspension bridge, not only in California but across the United States. While Hallidie did not invent the suspension bridge, he made improvements in the manufacture of iron and steel cables for such bridges. He also built at least eight substantial bridges, all in remote regions of California and elsewhere in the late 1850s and early 1860s. He made a meaningful contribution to the transportation history of the Mother Lode, building bridges that were able to withstand the ferocious floods that decimated the region during the early 1860s.

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2

Leslie, Thomas. "Built Like Bridges: Iron, Steel, and Rivets in the Nineteenth-century Skyscraper." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 69, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 234–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2010.69.2.234.

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Thomas Leslie explains that the wind-induced collapse of the Tay Bridge in Scotland in 1879 illustrated the vulnerability of tall metal frames to lateral forces. Built Like Bridges: Iron, Steel, and Rivets in the Nineteenth-century Skyscraper recounts the revolution in structural methods that followed, culminating in the mid-1890s with the invention of the riveted all-steel skeleton frame and the elimination of thick masonry shear walls. The first generation of wind-braced skyscraper metal frames relied on bridgelike systems of cross bracing or shiplike systems of knee bracing, but these structures intruded into rentable spaces. The second generation of frames better exploited the material properties of steel, making stiff connections between girders and columns that, when multiplied throughout the building, could collectively resist lateral forces without such intrusions. Steel——which had replaced cast iron as a structural material by 1895——excelled in this role because it could be rolled into efficient, workable shapes and riveted to form tight connections.

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3

Saito, Noritaka. "Estimation of rheological characteristics of dual phase fluid at high temperature utilizing transfer learning." Impact 2020, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 82–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2020.1.82.

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Steel, when first refined and put into widescale use changed construction and engineering. Skyscrapers, mega bridges and other massive structures reinforced with this miracle material changed skylines all over the world and opened the door for vast improvements in infrastructure. Steel is still a major component of building projects today and the steel beam is often considered as one of the impressive feats of human engineering. Steel is what chemists and engineers refer to as an alloy, meaning it is a composite material of several different elements. This alloy is mostly made with iron and carbon but can contain other elements as well. The blending of these elements with iron, the base metal of steel, gives it a high tensile strength at a low cost of production, making it the transformative material we know today. However, this metal is not without drawbacks as the process of refining steel generates several difficult to deal with by-products. Professor Noritaka Saito, who is based in the Department of Materials Science & Engineering, at Kyushu University in Japan, is looking at developing accurate ways to measure the properties of these mixtures so that industry can more efficiently produce precise composite materials.

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4

Hooper, Jennifer J., Tim Foecke, Lori Graham, and Timothy P. Weihs. "Metallurgical Analysis of Wrought Iron From the RMS Titanic." Marine Technology and SNAME News 40, no. 02 (April 1, 2003): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2003.40.2.73.

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The discovery of the RMS Titanic has led to a number of scientific studies, one of which addresses the role that structural materials played in the sinking of the ship. Early studies focused on the quality of the hull steel as a contributing factor in the ship's rapid sinking, but experimental results showed that the material was "state-of-the-art" for 1911. Instead, it was suggested that the quality of the wrought iron rivets may have been an important factor in the opening of the steel plates during flooding. Here the quality of RMS Titanic wrought iron is examined and compared with contemporary wrought iron obtained from additional late 19th-/early 20th-century buildings, bridges, and ships. Traditional metallurgical analysis as well as compositional analysis, mechanical testing, and computer modeling are used to understand the variation in the mechanical properties of wrought iron as a function of its microstructure.

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5

Wang, Lai Gui, Chunbin Wu, Feng He, and Shu Hong Wang. "Experimental Study on the Infrared Information of Metal Specimen when Loaded." Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (November 2005): 1968–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.1968.

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Metal materials especially steel or cast iron are used extensively in many types of construction such as buildings, bridges, cranes, vehicles and so on, so detection or prediction of metal failure is very important, but deformation of metal material often deliveries heat energy which can be detected by infrared imager. The test specimen is installed between the two grips of the testing machine and then loaded in tension and in compression. The IR913A infrared imager is used to observe the deformation of metal specimen. The high-sensitive infrared thermal images of metal specimen in the different phase of deformation are obtained. The paper theoretically analyzes the reason from the thermodynamics and plastic mechanics, the conclusions are drawn as follows: 1) When applying loads, temperature field on the surface of metal specimen is changing, the local rise of temperature is remarkable, this can be observed from the infrared thermal images. 2) From the infrared thermal images, rising temperatures are found in the regions of stress concentrations. 3) When the test specimen approaches to failure or appears fracture, there is a remarkable change that can be shown from the infrared thermal images with remarkable colors.

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6

Dolling, C. N., and R. M. Hudson. "Weathering steel bridges." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Bridge Engineering 156, no. 1 (March 2003): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/bren.2003.156.1.39.

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7

Abe, Hidehiko, Hans-Peter Andrä, Rolf Grüter, Jochen Haensel, Philippe Ramondenc, Reiner Saul, André Colson, and Eugene Brühwiler. "Steel Composite Railway Bridges." Structural Engineering International 2, no. 4 (November 1992): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686692780608444.

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8

Biezma, María Victoria, and Frank Schanack. "Collapse of Steel Bridges." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 21, no. 5 (October 2007): 398–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0887-3828(2007)21:5(398).

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9

Smith, I. F. C., and M. A. Hirt. "Fatigue-resistant steel bridges." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 12, no. 3-4 (January 1989): 197–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-974x(89)90055-2.

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10

Zhuravov, L. N., O. I. Chemerinsky, and V. A. Seliverstov. "Launching Steel Bridges in Russia." Structural Engineering International 6, no. 3 (August 1996): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686696780495527.

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11

Kuzmanović, B. O., and M. R. Sanchez. "Steel Single Box Ramp Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 6, no. 4 (August 2001): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1084-0702(2001)6:4(250).

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12

Vivas, Julio, and Juan Carlos Santos. "Sustainable Building: High Performance Timber Bridges." Proceedings 2, no. 23 (January 15, 2019): 1426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2231426.

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Steel and concrete are fantastic materials that will continue to be fundamental in the future, but we cannot ignore their high energy costs and carbon footprint. As well as is expected a transition from fossils fuels to renewable energy sources, the change from fossil fuel-based building materials to renewables will also be inevitable in the future of construction.

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13

Geissler, Karsten. "Assessment of Old Steel Bridges, Germany." Structural Engineering International 12, no. 4 (November 2002): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686602777965108.

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14

Ghosh, Utpal, and Amitabha Ghoshal. "Experiences in Rehabilitation of Steel Bridges." Structural Engineering International 12, no. 4 (November 2002): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686602777965144.

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15

Griggs, Francis E. "Squire Whipple—Father of Iron Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 7, no. 3 (May 2002): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1084-0702(2002)7:3(146).

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16

Mabsout, M. E., I. Y. Naddaf, K. M. Tarhini, and G. R. Frederick. "Load Reduction in Steel Girder Bridges." Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction 7, no. 1 (February 2002): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1084-0680(2002)7:1(37).

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17

Kodur, V. K. R., and M. Z. Naser. "Designing steel bridges for fire safety." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 156 (May 2019): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2019.01.020.

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18

Vlahinos, A. S., J. Ch Ermopoulos, and Yang-Cheng Wang. "Buckling analysis of steel arch bridges." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 26, no. 1 (January 1993): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-974x(93)90067-3.

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19

Czarnecki, A. A., and A. S. Nowak. "Reliability-based evaluation of steel girder bridges." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Bridge Engineering 160, no. 1 (March 2007): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/bren.2007.160.1.9.

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20

Collings, D. "Technical Note: Double composite steel–concrete bridges." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Bridge Engineering 161, no. 1 (March 2008): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/bren.2008.161.1.45.

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21

Barker, Michael G., and Karl E. Barth. "Improved Serviceability Criteria for Steel Girder Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 18, no. 7 (July 2013): 673–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0000402.

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22

Yarnold, Matthew T., and Jeffrey S. Weidner. "Truck Platoon Impacts on Steel Girder Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 24, no. 7 (July 2019): 06019003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0001431.

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23

Nather, Friedrich. "Rehabilitation and Strengthening of Steel Road Bridges." Structural Engineering International 1, no. 3 (August 1991): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686691780617463.

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24

Barker, Michael G., Bryan A. Hartnagel, Charles G. Schilling, and Burl E. Dishongh. "Simplified Inelastic Design of Steel Girder Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 5, no. 1 (February 2000): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1084-0702(2000)5:1(58).

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25

Barth, K. E., and D. W. White. "Inelastic Design of Steel I-Girder Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 5, no. 3 (August 2000): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1084-0702(2000)5:3(179).

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26

Eom, Junsik, and Andrzej S. Nowak. "Live Load Distribution for Steel Girder Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 6, no. 6 (December 2001): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1084-0702(2001)6:6(489).

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27

Dubecky, Daniel. "Experimental Program on Composite Steel and Concrete Beams." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 10, no. 2 (November 1, 2015): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2015-0013.

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Abstract Plate bridges with encased beams are suitable for building bridges of short and medium range. The paper presented focuses on the research into progressive bridges with encased filler beams of modified steel sections designed to minimize steel consumption without affecting essentially the overall structure resistance. This type of construction is suitable for bridges over short and middle spans as it offers a number of advantages, such as little headroom, quite clear static action of forces and a short construction period with no falsework required. Among some disadvantages is the economic inefficiency of steel I-sections, which are employed in the majority of bridges of this type. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of more economical design approaches and more purposeful arrangement and employment of steel beams. The paper presented brings some results from experimental tests on elements with encased steel filler-beams acting compositely under both short-term static and dynamic loads, and long-term load.

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28

William, GW, SN Shoukry, and MY Riad. "Thermal stresses in steel girder bridges with integral abutments." Bridge Structures 1, no. 2 (June 2005): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15732480500125593.

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29

Azizinamini, Atorod, and Aaron J. Yakel. "Delayed development of composite action in steel girder bridges." Bridge Structures 2, no. 3 (September 2006): 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15732480600902883.

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30

Huang, Haoxiong, Michael J. Chajes, Dennis R. Mertz, Harry W. Shenton, and Victor N. Kaliakin. "Strength behavior of filled steel grid decks for bridges." Bridge Structures 3, no. 2 (June 2007): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15732480701403872.

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31

Ryż, Karol, and Łukasz Flaga. "Selected construction and technological problems of middle span length steel bridges based on examples over the Danube and Dnieper river." Budownictwo i Architektura 7, no. 2 (December 13, 2010): 005–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2263.

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Every example of bridge both the aesthetic appearance and technological solutions are unique. Differences are a result of a various historical events, neighbour impact and evolving capabilities of bridge building. Based on the unique features of bridge examples taken into consideration one reveals evolution technology of bridge building in time. The aim is to present some examples of steel bridges which have been considered successful. Bridges are still in use. Each of them was created in different period of time. It shows the altered bridge building idea, fluctuation of trend. The successful design was able to have been improved during time when increasing road traffic forced engineers to adapt bridges into new conditions. Bridge builders found a positive solution to every appeared problem. It help to preserve bridges from being rebuild and clearly showed that bridge building is the finest domain of civil engineering.

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32

Avci, Onur, and Matthew Barsottelli. "Nonexplosive Deconstruction of Steel Girder Highway Bridges." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 31, no. 2 (April 2017): 04016087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000929.

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33

PARK, C. H., A. S. NOWAK, A. R. FLINT, and P. C. DAS. "TIME-VARYING RELIABILITY MODEL OF STEEL GIRDER BRIDGES." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings 128, no. 4 (November 1998): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/istbu.1998.30912.

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34

Corwin, Eric, and Robert Dexter. "Analysis of Multi-Beam Steel Bridges for Fatigue." Structural Engineering International 12, no. 4 (November 2002): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686602777965081.

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35

Ghoshal, Amitabha. "Assessment and Rehabilitation of Steel Bridges: An Introduction." Structural Engineering International 12, no. 4 (November 2002): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686602777965135.

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36

Gordon, S. R., and I. M. May. "Precast deck systems for steel-concrete composite bridges." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Bridge Engineering 160, no. 1 (March 2007): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/bren.2007.160.1.25.

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37

Hunley, C. Tony, and Issam E. Harik. "Structural Redundancy Evaluation of Steel Tub Girder Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 17, no. 3 (May 2012): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0000266.

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38

Wang, Chun Sheng, Long Hao, and Bing Ning Fu. "Fatigue Reliability Updating Evaluation of Existing Steel Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 17, no. 6 (November 2012): 955–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0000354.

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39

Kodur, Venkatesh, Esam Aziz, and Mahmud Dwaikat. "Evaluating Fire Resistance of Steel Girders in Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 18, no. 7 (July 2013): 633–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0000412.

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40

Nakai, Hiroshi, Shigeyuki Matsui, Teruhiko Yoda, and Akimitsu Kurita. "Trends in Steel-Concrete Composite Bridges in Japan." Structural Engineering International 8, no. 1 (February 1998): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686698780489540.

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41

Huang, Dongzhou. "Dynamic Analysis of Steel Curved Box Girder Bridges." Journal of Bridge Engineering 6, no. 6 (December 2001): 506–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1084-0702(2001)6:6(506).

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42

Kitada, T., T. Yamaguchi, M. Matsumura, J. Okada, K. Ono, and N. Ochi. "New technologies of steel bridges in Japan." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 58, no. 1 (January 2002): 21–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0143-974x(01)00029-3.

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43

Nakamura, Shun-ichi, Yoshiyuki Momiyama, Tetsuya Hosaka, and Koji Homma. "New technologies of steel/concrete composite bridges." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 58, no. 1 (January 2002): 99–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0143-974x(01)00030-x.

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44

Kuhlmann, Ulrike, Stephanie Breunig, Lisa-Marie Gölz, Vahid Pourostad, and Lena Stempniewski. "New developments in steel and composite bridges." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 174 (November 2020): 106277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106277.

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45

Deng, Kailai, Peng Pan, and Chaoyi Wang. "Development of crawler steel damper for bridges." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 85 (June 2013): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.03.009.

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46

Ermopoulos, I. Ch, and S. S. Ioannidis. "Optimum rise design of steel arch bridges." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 5, no. 4 (January 1985): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-974x(85)90025-2.

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47

Zuraski, Patrick D., and John E. Johnson. "Fatigue Strength of Deteriorated Steel Highway Bridges." Journal of Structural Engineering 116, no. 10 (October 1990): 2671–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1990)116:10(2671).

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48

Barth, K., G. Michaelson, and D. Gonano. "Assessment of redundancy protocols for short-span steel truss bridges." Bridge Structures 10, no. 2,3 (2014): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/brs-140078.

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49

Goroumaru, H., K. Shiraishi, H. Hara, and T. Komori. "Prediction of Low Frequency Noise Radiated from Vibrating Highway Bridges." Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 6, no. 4 (December 1987): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026309238700600403.

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Low frequency noise radiated from highway bridges due to fast moving heavy vehicles, is giving rise to a new traffic problem. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to consider the reduction of noise and control of bridge vibrations. In this research, measurements of low frequency noise radiated from highway bridges and measurements of bridge vibration were carried out. From these results, the radiation efficiency of the slabs of the highway bridges was determined. Four types of bridge were measured, steel composite girder bridges, steel plate girder bridges, steel truss bridges and PC-girder (T) bridges. From experimental formulae for the radiation efficiency, and from vibration acceleration levels, the sound pressure levels and 1/3 octave band spectra of the low frequency noise radiated from the slabs were predicted. As a result, the sound pressure level at an arbitrary point can be predicted by measuring the vibration acceleration level of the bridge. Predictive calculation results agreed relatively well with measured values, particularly at locations close to the bridges.

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50

Modares, Mehdi, and Natalie Waksmanski. "Overview of Structural Health Monitoring for Steel Bridges." Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction 18, no. 3 (August 2013): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)sc.1943-5576.0000154.

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