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Journal articles on the topic 'Iron and steel Testing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Sabiniak, Henryk G. "Testing worm gears with cooperating elements made of different materials." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 231, no. 3 (2016): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650116656982.

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The author tested the efficiency, load-carrying capacity, and the type of friction in a meshing of a worm gear having the same parameters as worms made of carburized and quenched steel and worm-wheels made of steel, cast iron, and bronze. The type of friction was identified in case of worm gears with steel and cast iron worm-wheel at a volume temperature of the worm-wheel of 100 ℃; these gears did not demonstrate the tendency to seizure. The value of resistance of an oil film formed between the worm and the worm-wheel was accepted as the criterion of the existing type of friction in the meshin

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2

Petrescu, Marius Gabriel, Razvan George Ripeanu, Eugen Laudacescu, Maria Tanase, Adrian Niță, and Andrei Burlacu. "Characterization of Materials Used in the Concrete Industry, from the Point of View of Corrosion Behavior." Coatings 14, no. 7 (2024): 800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14070800.

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Industrial applications in the concrete industry face significant challenges in selecting appropriate metallic materials, as these choices can enhance equipment lifespan and reduce costs. This study examines the corrosion behavior of various metallic materials, offering valuable insights for their selection in corrosive environments. The findings indicate that material testing can provide cost-effective solutions for concrete industry equipment. Notably, replacing cast iron used in concrete mixing blades with specific steels is advantageous for corrective or accidental maintenance, lowering sp

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3

Wilson, Alexander D. "Hardness Testing of Thermal Cut Edges of Steel." Engineering Journal 27, no. 3 (1990): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.62913/engj.v27i3.554.

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Recent concerns for the quality of thermal cut edges (TCE) of steels used in bridge construction led to a research program funded by the American Iron and Steel Institute. The results of this program are reviewed. The program found that the hardness of the TCE was the most important variable influencing the quality of a TCE as measured by a bend test. Plate chemistry (carbon content), Charpy V-notch toughness, thermal cutting speed and plate temperature were also found important. A suggested technique for minimizing the variability in testing for TCE hardness, which utilizes localized grinding

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4

Medvedovski, Eugene, Gerardo Leal Mendoza, and Giovanny Vargas. "Influence of Boronizing on Steel Performance under Erosion-Abrasion-Corrosion Conditions Simulating Downhole Oil Production." Corrosion and Materials Degradation 2, no. 2 (2021): 293–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cmd2020016.

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Downhole heavy oil production and oil sand processing are associated with severe damage and failures of production equipment components, e.g., production tubing and pumping systems, due to erosion-corrosion resulting in processing losses, production downtime, high maintenance and replacement cost. Protective coatings (layers) on the production components mostly fabricated from low-alloy steels can be applied to minimize these problems. In the present work, the performance of hard boronized coating on carbon steel obtained through the thermal diffusion process and consisted of two iron boride l

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Pertek-Owsianna, Aleksandra, Karolina Wiśniewska-Mleczko, Dominika Panfil, and Aneta Bartkowska. "TESTING THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF STEELS AFTER HARDFACING AND LASER TREATMENT." Tribologia 284, no. 2 (2019): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4154.

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This paper analyses the structure, hardness, and frictional wear resistance of surface layers formed on steels after hardfacing by means of the SSA arc method with self-shielded flux cored welding wire, with a content of carbon 5% and chromium 30% as well as boron alloying with the CO2 laser. S355J2 steel after being hardfaced with one up to three layers is characterized by the martensitic structure with chromium carbides and its surface hardness is 50–55HRC. In the weld deposit zone, with a thickness of up to approx. 2 mm, there is a constant distribution of hardness with the average value of

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Elhoud, Abdu, and Tim Van Everbroeck. "Rotating Technique to Assess Erosion of Polyaspartic Coating." Materials Performance 61, no. 12 (2022): 34–37. https://doi.org/10.5006/mp2022_61_12-34.

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A rotation technique was applied to investigate the erosion performance of a polyaspartic waterproof concrete coating modified by adding an iron oxide barrier, zinc phosphate corrosion inhibitor, and a new hardener used to protect steel. The surface finishes of the steel samples were mill scale, rusted surfaces, and blasted surfaces. The coating was applied direct to metal. The average coating thicknesses were 220±10 μm. The original waterproof concrete coating on mill scaled and rusted steels showed blisters after erosion testing. Good erosion resistance of the modified coatings was achieved

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Danilov, V. N., and L. V. Voronkova. "SOME FEATURES OF ULTRASONIC TESTING OF CAST IRON OBJECTS WITH FLAKE AND GLOBULAR GRAPHITE USING NORMAL LINEAR PROBES WITH PHASED ARRAYS." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 261 (March 2020): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2020.03.pp.004-019.

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Computer modelling of the acoustic characteristics of signals of direct normal probe with phased array (PFR) in the cast iron with flake and globular graphite was performed. As a result the form of acoustic pulses of a longitudinal wave, depending on the passed by wave distance and the values of attenuation coefficient for different models of cast iron was calculated. The main modeled characteristics of the probe include the directivity characteristic and the change in the amplitude of the signal along the acoustic axis. It is shown that the difference in the PFR directivity characteristics fo

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8

Liu, Pei Yue, Jun Fen Wang, and Bao Qiu Ma. "Application of Wavelet Analysis in Nondestructive Testing of Steel and Iron Materials and DSP Implementation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 1270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.1270.

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Aiming at improving the unideal testing result by means of analog signal processing, wavelet analysis is introduced in the nondestructive testing of steel and iron materials, based on the characteristics of electromagnetic nondestructive testing signal. According to the requirement of wavelet algorithm for hardware, the advantages of DSP, digital signal processing function and high calculating speed, design scheme of the steel electromagnetic nondestructive testing device is proposed in this paper. Experiments show that this method can extract detection signal effectively.

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9

Mahardika, Inas Zafirah, and Siti Aisyah. "Determinan Ekspor Besi dan Baja Indonesia." Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business 7, no. 2 (2023): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v7i2.920.

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Exports are a means for each country to increase the country's revenue post. Countries around the world will strive to specialize in a particular product for a commodity in order for the product to be in demand in the International market. Iron and steel is one of Indonesia's leading export products and is one of the industries that drives the wheels of the national economy. Various macroeconomic variables will have an impact on national iron and steel production and the export volume of these commodities. This study uses the Error Corection Model (ECM) analysis in testing the effect of Gross

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Kesumahati, Erilia, and Fernado Fernado. "Exploring determinants of purchase intent for chinese steel and iron goods in Batam." Jurnal Inovasi Ekonomi 9, no. 01 (2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jiko.v9i01.23470.

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This study aims to investigate the underlying reasons behind the heightened purchase inclination towards imported Chinese steel and iron products within Batam City. Given that iron and steel products emerged as one of the most extensively imported categories in 2020, they serve as the primary focus of this research. Data collection was conducted through Google Forms, completed by 211 building shop owners or managers. Analysis was carried out utilizing SPSS version 26.0.0, encompassing data quality assessment, classical assumption testing, and multiple linear analysis. The findings reveal that

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Lee, Dong-Ying, Min-Jay Chung, Ming-Jer Tsai, and Chia-Ju Lee. "Effects of different connection types on mechanical behavior of cross-lap joints of Phyllostachys makinoi culms." BioResources 19, no. 4 (2024): 7911–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.4.7911-7930.

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Mechanical properties and behaviors of bamboo joined by different connections were considered in this work. Makino bamboo (Phyllostachys makinoi) culms from Taiwan were used as the connection material to explore the form of cross-lap joints. Since the cross-lap joint is a common joint in bamboo structures, the mechanical properties of tension, slip, and rotation were evaluated for three types of joints: lashing joint, iron wire joint, and steel bracket joint, under different load conditions. The results showed that the ultimate load of bamboo culms under lateral partial compression has a posit

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Danilov, V. N., and L. V. Voronkova. "ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE PARAMETERS OF GLOBULAR GRAPHITE INCLUSIONS ON THE ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CAST IRON AND ULTRASONIC LONGITUDINAL WAVE SIGNALS." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 285 (March 2022): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2022.03.pp.004-016.

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Based on analytical models, the dependence of the velocity and attenuation coefficient of the longitudinal ultrasonic wave in cast iron with globular graphite on the average size of graphite elements and its volume content is shown. Computer modeling of acoustic paths for a medium – cast iron with globular graphite for standard normal probes was carried out to assess the influence of such a medium on the characteristics of the transmitted and recorded signals during ultrasonic testing. Calculations of directivity characteristic of probes with normalization of each directivity characteristic to

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13

Myszka, D., and A. Wieczorek. "An Assessment of the Applicability of Austempered Ductile Iron Containing Mo and Ni for Mining Machines Parts." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 58, no. 3 (2013): 953–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2013-0108.

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Abstract The research described in this article is a fragment in the series of published works trying to determine the applicability of new materials for parts of the mining machinery. Tests were carried out on the - very popular in mining applications - 36HMN steel and three types of the austempered ductile iron, using special stand for the controlled abrasion testing of samples subjected to the effect of loose abrasive. Tests carried out with the use of corundum showed the competitive properties of cast iron as compared with the examined steel. Microscopic evaluation, hardness measurements a

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14

D’Ans, Pierre, and Marc Degrez. "Sliding Wear Behavior of Friction Couples Primarily Selected for Corrosion Resistance: Iron Boride/Iron Boride and Iron Boride/Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia." Metals 8, no. 12 (2018): 1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8121071.

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Wear mitigation in a sliding couple is challenging if wear has to be minimized on both surfaces. In this paper, ball-on-disk testing is performed on sliding couples where both surfaces (ball and disk) are treated for wear resistance. Studied materials are pack borided H13 tool steel (ASTM A681), pack borided AISI 420 stainless steel (ASTM A276) and plasma sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). Borided H13 steel exhibits a single phase Fe2B layer, while AISI 420 has a double phase layer, with FeB on the outer surface. Both FeB/Fe2B and FeB/YSZ couples generate three-body abrasion. In the lat

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15

Buseman, Adam, Chad Penn, Joseph A. Charbonnet, Amy L. Kaleita, Leigh Ann M. Long, and Michelle L. Soupir. "Soil Phosphorus in Farmed Potholes: Assessing Concentrations and Testing Export Mitigation with Steel Media." Journal of the ASABE 67, no. 1 (2024): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/ja.15759.

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Highlights Phosphorus concentrations were higher near the bottom of farmed potholes compared to soils outside of the potholes. Benchtop flow-through experiments demonstrated that steel shavings effectively adsorbed dissolved reactive phosphorus. A blind inlet amended with steel shavings reduced phosphorus export from a surface-drained pothole. Abstract. The Prairie Pothole Region, which extends from north-central Iowa northward into Canada and westward to Montana, is typified by closed depressions that formed over 10,000 years ago during the most recent glacial retreat. Today, many of these po

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16

Zhang, Hao, Jia He Zhang, De Bin Wang, and Xu Li. "Experimental Study on Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Galvanized Iron Wire under Seismic Strain Rate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1435.

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This paper focuses on the mechanical properties of galvanized iron wire under various conditions of earthquake-type strain rate. The dynamic tensile test of galvanized iron wire was conducted on MTS New 810 electro-hydraulic servo-controlled testing system. The dynamic tensile constitutive relationship of galvanized iron wire was proposed under seismic strain rate. The accuracy of the proposed constitutive relationship of galvanized iron wire was verified by comparing with reinforcing steel.

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17

Jihan Shofa, Mohamad, and Hadi Gunawan. "Implementasi Six Sigma untuk Perbaikan Produk Nickel Pig Iron." Jurnal Sistem dan Manajemen Industri 1, no. 1 (2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/jsmi.v1i1.171.

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PT. INF is a steel mining company. It produce such as nickel pig iron. Nickel pig iron used raw materials stainless steel factory, nickel and steel mill rolls. The number of defective products for nickel pig iron in a few months getting on upward trend. This research will analyze the cause of the increasing defect product by using Six Sigma methode. Furthermore, the proposed improvement is done by using the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) approach. The results shows the main problems are the higher value of Silica (Si) and phospor (P), the sigma level is obtained from the annual pig ir

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18

Liu, Huihui, Xichen Lin, Xinjian Zhang, Tiancheng Yang, Fenglin Yi, and Weiye Xu. "Influence of structure and properties for laser cladding fe based alloy on 45 steel surface." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2730, no. 1 (2024): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2730/1/012014.

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Abstract This article uses 45 steel as the substrate and iron based alloy powder as the cladding material for mining machinery equipment. Laser cladding experiments were conducted without scanning speed to prepare 45 steel surface cladding iron based alloy layer samples. The samples were subjected to microstructure analysis, hardness, and acid corrosion resistance testing. The results show that the microstructure of the laser cladding layer is a fine-grained equiaxed crystal structure, and the hardness of the cladding layer is higher than that of the substrate. The corrosion rate of the claddi

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19

Chi, Jen Hao, and Peng Chi Peng. "A Study on Metallographic Microstructure of Steel Materials Subjected to Fire." Solid State Phenomena 263 (September 2017): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.263.72.

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In view of the fact that construction of modern buildings tends to use a high ratio of iron materials, this study aimed to obtain the ratio of components of steel’s microstructure under different test conditions by heating a A36 steel sheet commonly used in buildings, and applying metallographic replication testing. When the steel sheet was heated above 800°C and then rapidly cooled by water, the ratio of components of the structure were changed dramatically: components such as pearlite disappeared, ferrite was reduced from 90% to a low of 20%, bainite was increased to a maximum of 35%, and ma

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20

NOVITSKAYA, O. S., D. V. LYCHAGIN, A. V. FILIPPOV, N. V. SEMENCHUK, and O. V. SIZOVA. "MORPHOLOGY OF DEFORMATION RELIEF IN ALLOYS BASED ON IRON AND MANGANESE DURING SCRATCH TESTING." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika 67, no. 8 (2024): 79–85. https://doi.org/10.17223/00213411/67/8/8.

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The study of the morphological features of the relief formed during scratch testing of the material can be used as an assessment of its ductility and crack resistance. This paper examines the development of deformation relief on the surface of fcc alloys based on Fe and Mn, namely, Hadfield steel, TWIP steel (TWIP - twinning-induced plasticity) Fe-22Mn-0.6C, and high-entropy Cantor alloy. Scratching was performed on undeformed materials with a linearly increasing load from 0.5 to 100 N. The relief analysis was performed using laser confocal microscopy. Based on the results obtained, a lower du

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Olei, Adrian, Sorin Savu, and Iulian Stefan. "The Tribological Behavior of some Steel Samples Prepared by Powder Metallurgy Sintered in Microwave Field." Advanced Engineering Forum 13 (June 2015): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.13.114.

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The objective of this research is to observe the influence of the sintering temperature on the wear testing for some steel samples elaborated by powder metallurgy technology. For obtaining the steels there were used iron powders and graphite powders. The powders were homogenized in a high energy ball mill Pulverisette 6, cold compacted and then sintered using a Muegge type microwave heating installation. The influence of the sintering technique on the samples’ wear behavior is studied using both a tribometer and a profilometer.

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22

Efriandi, Irsyadi Farhan. "Analysis of Penetrant Test Results of S355J2 Steel Welding Connections for Qualification Welding." Journal of Metallurgical Engineering and Processing Technology 4, no. 1 (2023): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/jmept.v4i1.7869.

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NDT (Non Destructive Test) is a form of testing perfomed on materials or objects without causing permanent damage to the material or objects. NDT can be used for testing materials such as concrete, steel, iron, and other. This journal aims to determine the Penetrant Test testing process on S355J2 steel welding results to determine the qualifications of GMAW Welders. Welding testing by a certified welder using GMAW welding. NDT testing was conducted in the form of a visual test and a Penetrant test when testing the weld results. The obtained data showed the welder PT. INKA is qualified with the

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23

Tsukada, Keiji, Minoru Hayashi, Taisei Kawakami, et al. "Magnetic thickness measurement for various iron steels using magnetic sensor and effect of electromagnetic characteristics." AIP Advances 12, no. 3 (2022): 035109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000250.

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The diagnosis and prevention of the deterioration of iron-steel infrastructure has become an important social issue in recent years. The thickness measurement technique (extremely low-frequency eddy current testing (ELECT)) using a magnetic sensor for detecting steel corrosion at extreme frequency ranges has been previously reported. Using the calibration curves based on the correlation between the phase of the detected magnetic signal and the plate thickness, the plate thickness reduction caused by corrosion can be estimated from the detected phase signal. Iron-steel materials have large chan

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24

Darmawan, A. S., A. D. Anggono, A. Yulianto, B. W. Febriantoko, and A. Hamid. "Effect of Austempering Holding Time Variations of 30, 60, and 90 Minutes at 300 °C on The Microstructure and Toughness of Nodular Cast Iron." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2739, no. 1 (2024): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2739/1/012029.

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Abstract The phases of the nodular cast iron matrix are similar to those of steel. Therefore, heat treatment of steel can be applied to nodular cast iron. A potential heat treatment for nodular cast iron is austempering. This study aimed to determine the effect of austempering holding time at 300 °C on the microstructure and toughness of nodular cast iron. The austempering process begins with austenitizing at a temperature of 850 °C for 60 minutes, then the quenching process is carried out in a salt bath until a temperature of 300 °C is held with variations of 30, 60, and 90 minutes, then cool

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Wu, Shengjie, Wanlin Wang, Chongxiang Yue, and Hualong Li. "Effect of hot band annealing prior to cold rolling on the mechanical toughness and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel." Metallurgical Research & Technology 120, no. 3 (2023): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2023036.

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In this work, the effect of hot band annealing on subsequent microstructure, toughness and final magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel was investigated. It was found that the hot band annealing temperature plays an important role in the microstructure, toughness, texture and final magnetic properties. After hot band annealing, the grain size of hot-rolled and final annealed steels were increased, which made contribution to the reduction of iron loss. Besides that, hot band annealing could enhance the favorable θ-fiber texture and weaken the unfavorable γ-fiber texture of the fin

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Setiawan, Mohammad Wahyu Dwi, Amjad Mulkus Fadlurrohman, Grandys Prameswari, and Wazirotus Sakinah. "Studi Eksperimental Laju Pertumbuhan Fouling Pada Pelat Besi Dan Alumunium Dengan Metode Pelapisan Cat Dan Lilin." Jurnal Manajemen Pesisir dan Laut 1, no. 01 (2023): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36841/mapel.v1i01.2781.

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The majority of offshore buildings are made of metal materials such as steel, aluminum, and so on. Metallic materials have the potential for damage due to corrosion and fouling growth. This requires regular maintenance and repair to prevent damage to an offshore building structure. Therefore, research was conducted on the rate of fouling growth through the mechanism of testing steel and aluminum materials using the iron paint coating method and wax as an inhibitor with the immersion method in marine waters in the Marina Boom beach area of Banyuwangi Regency. The results obtained in this study

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Adlina Harun, Syafiqa Putri, and Fauziah Sulaiman. "Preparation of solenoid probe for Eddy Current Testing technique probe." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2314, no. 1 (2022): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2314/1/012018.

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Abstract The most crucial components in the system of eddy currents are the sensitivity of the probe to deliver a signal to detect a defect on the material efficiently. When the turns are closely spaced and the length is substantially more than the radius of the turns, the solenoid is perfect. This paper presents a development of a solenoid probe for the eddy current testing (ECT) technique probe to detect defects. The objectives of this research are to design and construct a high sensitivity rod-shaped solenoid probe, to find the optimal frequency for each metal testing (i.e., Copper (Cu), Al

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Tymoshenko, A., V. Lihoshva, O. Shmatko, O. Pelikan, and R. Likhatskyi. "Technological features of the combined foundry-induction method of producing three-layer castings." Casting processes 150, no. 4 (2022): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/plit2022.04.034.

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The technological features of developed casting-induction method for obtaining threelayer «cast iron-steel-cast iron» castings were studied. The specified method consists in the use of induction heating of a steel billet with a high-frequency electromagnetic field in the casting process for obtaining three-layer products. The paper represents mathematical modeling results of temperature fields distribution under the action of electromagnetic fields on a steel workpiece. The main regularities of steel billet temperature changes depending from the current level and heating time have been establi

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Olei, Bebe Adrian, Iulian Ştefan, and Nicoleta Popescu. "The Influence of the Sintering Temperature on the Wear Testing for Some Steels Samples Obtained by Powder Metallurgy." Solid State Phenomena 216 (August 2014): 216–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.216.216.

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The objective of this research is to observe the influence of the sintering temperature on the wear testing for some steel samples elaborated by powder metallurgy technology. For obtaining the steels there were used iron powders and graphite powders. The powders were homogenized in a high energy ball mill Pulverisette 6, cold compacted and then sintered in a furnace. The sintering parameters are: the sintering temperature, T = (1050, 1100, 1150)°C and the maintaining time, t = 60 minutes. The influence of the sintering parameters on the samples wear behavior is studied using both a tribometer

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Namazov, S. N., G. Abdalla, M. Dalgic, H. W. Gudenau, and P. Beiss. "Mean stress sensitivity of sintered iron and steel." International Journal of Materials Research 94, no. 6 (2003): 737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2003-0127.

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Abstract There is a well-based correlation between the pulsating amplitude σ A(R = 0) and the alternating amplitude σ A(R = – 1) in fatigue testing of sintered iron and steel which permits to predict the mean stress sensitivity and the pulsating amplitude if the alternating endurance limit σ A(R = – 1) has been measured. Without loss of precision the relationship can be extended from smooth unnotched specimen geometries to notched geometries if only the stress concentration factor is known. The coefficients of the predictive equation depend on the brittleness of the material, a systematic appr

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Hooper, Jennifer J., Tim Foecke, Lori Graham, and Timothy P. Weihs. "Metallurgical Analysis of Wrought Iron From the RMS Titanic." Marine Technology and SNAME News 40, no. 02 (2003): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2003.40.2.73.

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The discovery of the RMS Titanic has led to a number of scientific studies, one of which addresses the role that structural materials played in the sinking of the ship. Early studies focused on the quality of the hull steel as a contributing factor in the ship's rapid sinking, but experimental results showed that the material was "state-of-the-art" for 1911. Instead, it was suggested that the quality of the wrought iron rivets may have been an important factor in the opening of the steel plates during flooding. Here the quality of RMS Titanic wrought iron is examined and compared with contempo

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ASARE, ELLIOTT, JOSEPH KISH, and YIMIN ZENG. "SCC susceptibility of chromized type 409 stainless steel in alkaline chloride solutions at ambient temperature and pressure." TAPPI Journal 22, no. 8 (2023): 541–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj22.8.541.

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Biomass hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is operated in a harsh reaction medium that contains hot pressurized water, inorganic acidic or basic catalyst, and inorganic/organic corrosive components released during the conversion. Candidate alloys for this application require suitable resistance to both corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) to withstand the HTL process conditions (250°C–374°C and 4–22 MPa). Ferritic iron-chromium (Fe-Cr) steels are more prone to corrosion but less susceptible to SCC compared to austenitic iron-chromium-nickel (Fe-Cr-Ni) steels. Chromizing can significantly

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Ahmad, Arfah, Ahmad Tarmizi Azily, Anis Niza Ramani, Intan Azmira Wan Abdul Razak, and Suziana Ahmad. "Experimental Study on the Ground Resistance Reduction Based on Different Types of Grounding Rod." Applied Mechanics and Materials 793 (September 2015): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.105.

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Grounding of electrical installation is primarily concerned with ensuring safety. The main purpose of grounding is to channel the fault current straightly to the earth. To produce a good grounding system, the value of earth resistance must be reduced as low as possible. Otherwise, current may flows through to those who touch the damage electrical equipment instead of flowing through grounding system. In this project, a 3 meter length of copper, galvanized iron and pure steel rod were installed in formatting of grounding system. The installation of the grounding rods was based on the fall of po

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Silva, Emerson Mariano, Francisco Ademir Eduardo Freitas, and Daniel Baracuy da Cunha Campos. "Use of Slag from Steelworks (BSSF and BOF) in the Manufacture of Concrete as a Possible Environmental Solution: Case Study with Tailings from the CSP of the Port of Pecém in Ceará." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 17, no. 4 (2024): 2984–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v17.4.p2984-2990.

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The increased demand for raw materials by the construction and processing industries, in particular steel produced from iron ore, has caused negative environmental impacts on the communities located around the steel industries. Therefore, this study validated the hypothesis that it is possible to use the waste produced and disposed of in steel mills (steel mill slag) in the construction industry. In this context, concrete manufacturing experiments were carried out by replacing the aggregate material (sand and cement) with steel mill slag (BSFF and BOF) and technical tests (particle size analys

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Askar, D. M., D. A. Merezhko, M. S. Merezhko, et al. "INVESTIGATION OF RESISTANCE TO PITTING CORROSION OF STRUCTURAL MATERIALS OF THE BN-350 REACTOR." NNC RK Bulletin, no. 3 (October 6, 2023): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.52676/1729-7885-2023-3-5-12.

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The article is devoted to the study of the resistance of structural materials of the BN-350 reactor to pitting corrosion in an aqueous medium containing chlorine ions in the presence of organic corrosion inhibitors. The results of accelerated testing of samples of austenitic steels 12Cr18Ni10Ti, 08Cr16Ni11Mo3Ti and Cr13Mo2NbVB (EP-450) ferrite-martensitic steel for pitting corrosion in a 10% aqueous solution of iron three-chloride hexahydrate without an inhibitor and in the presence of various concentrations of corrosion inhibitor are presented. The effect of heat treatment on the pitting resi

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Mahajanam, Sudhakar, and Krista Heidersbach. "Corrosion Studies of Heat-Tinted Austenitic Stainless Steel." Materials Performance 60, no. 5 (2021): 42–47. https://doi.org/10.5006/mp2021_60_5-42.

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Austenitic stainless steels (SS) are known to pit in chloride-containing waters, but are considered a viable material of construction for freshwater service. Within industry, repeat failures have occurred on newly installed equipment, often tying the failures to effects from surface finishing on corrosion initiation. Inspired by real life failures, this work utilizes electrochemical and immersion testing to study the effects of iron contamination and heat tint on localized corrosion initiation in welded SS.

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Skorynina, P. A., A. V. Makarov, and R. A. Savrai. "The influence of frictional treatment and liquid carburizing on general corrosion resistance of chromium-nickel austenitic steels." Frontier materials & technologies, no. 4 (2023): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18323/2782-4039-2023-4-66-10.

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Currently, to increase the hardness, strength and wear resistance of thermally non-hardenable austenitic chromium-nickel steels, such methods as frictional treatment with a sliding indenter and liquid carburizing have been used. However, along with an effective increase in mechanical characteristics, the application of these types of treatment may be accompanied by a decrease in the corrosion resistance of austenitic steels. Therefore, it is reasonable to study the influence of frictional treatment and liquid carburizing on the general corrosion resistance of Cr–Ni austenitic steels. In this w

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Tu, Xiaohui, Jun Quan Liu, Wei Li, and Jun Yi Su. "Corrosion Behavior of Chromium Cast Iron and Steel in Hot Concentrated Alkaline." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.174.

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Abstract. Hot concentrated alkaline corrosion and wearing corrosion environment exists in alumina metallurgical industry. Iron and steel materials with outstanding alkaline corrosion resistance are strongly demanded for their fabrication equipments. In this paper, corrosion resistance in static hot concentrated alkaline solution of several kinds of martensite chromium cast iron and steel was studied through polarization curves, potential-time curves, weight loss in the corrosion, and corrosive morphology analysis. Experimental results indicated that corrosion processes can be divided into thre

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Gorkunov, E. S., V. V. Kharlamov, L. Kh Kogan, and S. M. Zadvorkin. "Analysing the applicability of eddy current non-destructive technique for testing the wear of ‘steel—steel’ and ‘cast iron—cast iron’ tribological situations." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 222, no. 5 (2008): 675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/13506501jet379.

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Matějka, Vlastimil, Priyadarshini Jayashree, Kryštof Foniok, Jozef Vlček, Petra Matějková, and Giovanni Straffelini. "Utilization of Magnetic Fraction Isolated from Steel Furnace Slag as a Mild Abrasive in Formulation of Cu-Free Friction Composites." Lubricants 12, no. 12 (2024): 440. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12120440.

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Magnetic fraction isolated from steel furnace slag was tested as a component of Cu-free friction composites. The friction–wear performance and production of wear particles during their testing using a pin-on-disc tester against a cast iron disc were evaluated. To compare the effect of the magnetic fraction on the parameters studied, the composite with alumina and the composite with original steel furnace slag were also prepared and tested. All composites showed a comparable friction coefficient. The composite with original steel furnace slag, and the composite with a magnetic fraction showed h

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Zimmermann, Martina, Jörg Bretschneider, Gunter Kirchhoff, Uwe Stamm, Jens Standfuss, and Berndt Brenner. "Fatigue Behaviour of Laser Beam Welded Circular Weld Seams under Multi-Axial Loading." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 1397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.1397.

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With modern laser beam sources welding processes can be developed, that allow the joining of otherwise barely realisable material and geometrical constellations such as dissimilar welded, thick-walled shaft-hub joints for powertrain systems. Current design recommendations do not offer solutions to account for the cyclic strength under torsional loading for welded structures. In order to bridge the gap between cost and time consuming prototype testing and laboratory tests of basic homogeneous material samples, a test system combining axial and torsional loading was used. For this purpose applic

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Pribulová, Alena, Peter Futaš, and Marcela Pokusova. "Influence of Charge Composition on EN-GJS-500-7 Ductile Iron Properties in Foundry Operating Conditions." Materials Science Forum 998 (June 2020): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.998.42.

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Worldwide production of ductile iron castings reached in year 2017 26,428,148 metric tons, which is 34% of the total weight of all castings made from cast iron. The most significant increase in ductile iron castings was recorded in Slovakia, up to 78.6%. Castings from ductile iron have a very huge utilization thanks their very good foundry and mechanical properties. The current economic situation in all industries forces entrepreneurs and producers to rationalize production and reduce production costs, with a worldwide trend to increase the share of steel scrap, a technology for the production

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Tjahjanti, Prantasi Harmi, Wibowo Harso Nugroho, and Hana Catur Wahyuni. "Physics and Chemistry Test on Aluminum-Based Composite Materials as an Alternative Material for the Manufacture of Brake Drum." Advanced Materials Research 789 (September 2013): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.789.449.

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One of the components of the vehicle are of particular interest is the brake system , because its main function is to stop the rotation axis, set the axis of rotation and to prevent unwanted rotation. One classification system is the brake drum that has been widely made of cast iron, cast iron and cast steel special. This study makes brake drum of composite materials aluminum-based, with reinforcement is silicon carbide (SiC), obtained optimum composition of 15%, so it is written (Al-Si)-SiC/15%. Physics testing includes testing of thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient, and Ch

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Shilyaev, P. V., V. L. Kornilov, L. S. Ivanova, et al. "Track Record of Nondestructive Testing Methods Applied to Steel Plate Quality Indexes at Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Company." Metallurgist 64, no. 11-12 (2021): 1234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11015-021-01109-w.

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Danilov, V. N., and L. V. Voronkova. "INVESTIGATION OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF ULTRASONIC TESTING OF CAST IRON WITH LAMELLAR GRAPHITE USING STANDARD NORMAL PROBE." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 259 (2020): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2020.01.pp.004-018.

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Computer simulation of acoustic paths for medium – cast iron with lamellar graphite for standard normal probe of several types was carried out in order to study the effect of such medium on the characteristics of transmitted and received signals during ultrasonic testing. In the course of studies to calculate the attenuation coefficient of longitudinal waves in cast iron with lamellar graphite, due to their Rayleigh and phase scattering by graphite inclusions, the previously developed model was used. Comparison of the results of calculations of spectra and pulses of the recorded signals for tw

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Vasková, I., M. Hrubovčáková, J. Malik, and Š. Eperješi. "Influence of Technological Parameters of Furane Mixtures on Shrinkage Creation in Ductile Cast Iron Castings." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 59, no. 3 (2014): 1037–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2014-0174.

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Abstract Ductile cast iron (GS) has noticed great development in last decades and its boom has no analogue in history humankind. Ductile iron has broaden the use of castings from cast iron into areas, which where exclusively domains for steel castings. Mainly by castings, which weight is very high, is the propensity to shrinkage creation even higher. Shrinkage creation influences mainly material, construction of casting, gating system and mould. Therefore, the main realized experiment was to ascertain the influence of technological parameters of furane mixture on shrinkage creation in castings

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Issaard, Wannapha, Thammaporn Thublaor, and Thanasak Nilsonthi. "Mechanical adhesion energy of thermal oxide scale on 0.01 and 0.12 wt.% Si-containing hot-rolled steels." E3S Web of Conferences 602 (2025): 02001. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202560202001.

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The mechanical adhesion energy of thermal oxide scales plays a critical role in the quality and efficiency of the hot rolling process, as the formation of oxide scales on steel surfaces can lead to defects that adversely affect material performance. This study aims to investigate the adhesion behavior of thermal oxide scales on as-received hot-rolled steels containing 0.01 wt.% Si and 0.12 wt.% Si, utilizing a tensile testing machine equipped with an observation setup and acoustic emission monitoring. Results indicate that the average scale thickness for the 0.01 wt.% Si and 0.12 wt.% Si steel

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Sumiati, Ruzita, Genta Ramadeto, Rakiman Rakiman, and Fardinal Fardinal. "Pembuatan Dan Pengujian Mesin Bending Rotary Baja Untuk Aplikasi Stand Pot Bunga Diameter 8 dan 10 Inch." Jurnal Teknik Mesin 13, no. 1 (2020): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jtm.13.1.363.

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In this day and age people decorate homes with flower pots and many models of flower pot place creations. Usually the place to put flower pots in the form of a circle and to make a circular iron is made manually requires energy and a long time. A bending machine is needed to make concrete iron circle creations. The aim of this research is to produce a rotary bending machine that is able to work efficiently in forming a concrete steel circle. The method used in this study is a practical method that is doing machine design and continued with the manufacture and field testing. The working princip

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Li, Diyuan, Mohammad Reza Moghaddam, Masoud Monjezi, Danial Jahed Armaghani, and Amirhossein Mehrdanesh. "Development of a Group Method of Data Handling Technique to Forecast Iron Ore Price." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (2020): 2364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072364.

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Iron is one of the most applicable metals in the world. The global price of iron ore is determined based on demand and supply. There are numerous parameters (e.g., price of steel, steel production, oil price, gold price, interest rate, inflation rate, iron production, and aluminum price) affecting the global iron ore price. Considering the high number of effective parameters and existence of complex relationship among them, artificial intelligence-based approaches can be employed to predict iron ore price. In this paper, a new intelligence system namely group method of data handling (GMDH) was

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Oktavian, Aditya, Masri Pradipto, Mohammad Riski Borman, et al. "Analisis Pemilihan Supplier dengan Metode AHP dan Model QCDFR di PT. Novalindo Sukses Mandiri." JURMATIS (Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi dan Teknik Industri) 7, no. 1 (2025): 75–89. https://doi.org/10.30737/jurmatis.v7i1.6474.

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The selection of raw material suppliers affects production efficiency. PT. Novalindo only considers price, neglecting quality, delivery, flexibility, and responsiveness. This study uses AHP based on QCDFR for a systematic solution. The study begins with assessing stainless steel and iron plate suppliers based on QCDFR criteria, followed by the application of AHP to determine the best supplier, calculate criterion weights, and perform consistency testing. The study shows that PT. Yunsung is the best supplier for both iron and stainless steel plates with a weight of 0.504. PT. Bansoek and CV. Mu

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