To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Iron deficiency.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Iron deficiency'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Iron deficiency.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Pacey, Angela. "Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia among preschool Inuit children living in Nunavut." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66931.
Full textAbstract:
Limited information is available about iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among preschool-aged Inuit children. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 388 Inuit children, aged 3 to 5 years, from 16 Nunavut communities. Interviews were conducted on dietary and household characteristics. Height, weight and biomarkers of iron status and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) exposure were measured. The prevalence of iron deficiency and IDA was calculated and risk factors were examined. The prevalence of iron deficiency was 19.2%, of IDA was 4.5% and of anemia was 20.3%. Only 0.3% of chil dren had usual iron intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement. H. pylori exposure, food insecurity and household crowding were not associated with iron deficiency or IDA. Three to four year olds were more likely to be iron deficient than 5 year olds. Boys were more likely to be iron deficient than girls.Peu d'informations sont disponibles sur la carence en fer et l'anémie due à une carence en fer (ACF) chez les Inuits d'âge pré-scolaire. Un sondage transversales a été conduit avec 388 enfants Inuit âgés de 3 à 5 ans, dans 16 communautés du Nunavut. Des interviewers ont conduit des entrevues alimentaires et des questionnaires à propos des caractéristiques des ménages. La taille, le poids, ainsi que des marqueurs biologiques du niveau de fer et de l'exposition à Helicobacter pylori ont été mesurés. La prévalence de la carence en fer et de l'ACF a été calculée et les facteurs de risque ont été examinées. La prévalence de la carence en fer a été 19.2%, de l'ACF a été 4.5% et de l'anémie a été 20.3%. Seulement 0.3% des enfants avaient des apports habituels en fer sous le besoin moyen estimatif. L'exposition à H. pylori, l'insécurité alimentaire et le nombre d'habitants par ménage n'étaient pas associés à une carence en fer ou à de l'ACF. La carence en fer était plus élevée chez les enfants âgés de 3 à 4 ans que chez ceux de 5 ans. La carence en fer était aussi plus élevée chez les garçons que chez les filles.
2
Vissers, Jennifer N. "Iron consumption knowledge for the prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia among college-aged women /." View online, 2007. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131494846.pdf.
Full text
3
Al-Othman, Abdulaziz Mohammad. "Iron intake and iron deficiency in young children." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26072.
Full textAbstract:
These studies have sought to assess iron intake in young children (9-36 months), to identify nutritional and other factors that may affect iron intake and iron status. A 4-day weighted food inventory, a semi-quantitative food frequency and social questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used. Haemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum ferritin (SF), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and haematocrit (Hct) were estimated in blood. Studies in Saudi Arabia: 104 healthy children randomly chosen from eight different health centres have been studied either longitudinally (n=55) or cross sectionally (n=49). Twenty four previously diagnosed iron deficient children from three hospitals were studied. Studies in Edinburgh: 62 healthy children aged 9 and 36 months old were studied. They were those whose parents agreed to participate from a larger number chosen randomly from children registered at three health centres in Edinburgh using the Lothian Health Board list. Prevalence of Anaemia in Children at The Royal Hospital for Sick Children (RHSC) and Diet: The prevalence of anaemia over a 2 months period in children whose blood samples were analysed in the Haematology Dept. was calculated. In 59 children whose parents completed a semi-quantitative food frequency and social questionnaire, of those, the iron intake and iron status was studied in detail, 41 with Hb below 11 g/dl, and 18 with normal Hb. Iron intakes less than both the Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) and the Lower Recommended Nutrient Intake (LRNI) have been shown to be common in children studied. Breakfast cereals and meat in addition to infant formula are important dietary factors which positively influence iron intake and iron status in this age group who are vulnerable to iron deficiency anaemia. These foods should be strongly recommended to parents for inclusion in the post-weaning diet of children of this age. A food frequency questionnaire can be used to identify children at risk.
4
Frise, Matthew. "Iron deficiency and human hypoxia physiology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a6cbaa64-eed4-43db-8a2f-2826e6bbd249.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is concerned with a very common disorder of iron homeostasis: iron deficiency. The specific focus is the manner in which iron deficiency influences physiological responses to hypoxia in humans. This work is predicated on observations made over many decades in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that variations in the bioavailability of iron have important consequences for certain biological processes known to depend on oxygen availability. Three separate but related studies together form the basis for this thesis. The first two, Study A and Study B, adopt a similar approach in recruiting healthy volunteers who differ according to iron status, yielding iron-deficient and iron-replete groups in both cases. In Study A, the behaviour of the pulmonary circulation is investigated during a sustained hypoxic exposure, before and after an intravenous infusion of iron. In Study B, skeletal muscle metabolism is explored, both at the level of high-energy phosphate metabolism and the integrated physiological responses to exercise on a cycle ergometer. In the third study, Study C, a different approach is taken, recruiting patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and exploring the prevalence and associations of iron deficiency in this condition. Chapters 2 and 3 describe experiments using sustained hypoxia in a normobaric chamber, during which the pulmonary circulation is assessed non-invasively using Doppler echocardiography. These reveal augmented hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) in iron-deficient individuals, who also exhibit greater sensitivity to the effects of an infusion of intravenous iron. Additionally, the way in which certain circulating mediators important for iron haemostasis change over the course of these hypoxic exposures, and how iron status influences these responses, is explored. Chapter 4 reports the findings of experiments using 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cardiopulmonary exercise testing, which demonstrate abnormal whole-body metabolism in iron-deficient individuals during large muscle-mass exercise, despite the absence of a clear defect in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Intravenous iron is found to have significant effects to alter the lactate threshold in healthy individuals, but the effects are more striking in iron-deficient individuals. Collectively, these experiments imply that iron deficiency promotes a more glycolytic phenotype. Chapter 5 explores iron deficiency in COPD, a condition in which pulmonary vascular disease, hypoxia and skeletal muscle dysfunction coexist, and examines some of the difficulties in assessing iron status in the setting of a chronic inflammatory disorder. Iron deficiency is found to be common, and unexpectedly associated with significantly more severe hypoxaemia, in patients with COPD. Possible reasons for these findings, and their clinical implications, are considered. Chapter 6 provides a summary of the main conclusions to be drawn from the studies presented in this thesis.
5
CASIRAGHI, FABIO MARCO. "THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN PHOTORESPIRATION AND IRON DEFICIENCY." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/347430.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT
Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for plants as it takes part in major metabolic pathways such as photosynthesis and respiration and is linked to many enzymes that accomplish many other cellular functions (DNA synthesis, nitrogen fixation, hormone production). Fe deficiency reduces crop yields worldwide but particularly in plants grown on calcareous soils, which represent almost the 30% of the earth land surface. In the near future to cope with the increasing demand of food caused by a strong increase in world’s population (FAO estimates in 9 billion people by 2050), agriculture must be extended to marginal areas, many of which include calcareous soils.
The most evident effect of Fe deficiency in plant leaves is a marked chlorosis caused by a decrease in chlorophyll biosynthesis, which may result in a reduction in CO2 assimilation rate. In these conditions leaves have low photo-synthetic activity but they absorb more light energy per chlorophyll mol¬ecule than required for photosynthesis, especially under high radiation. This results in a high risk for photoinhibitory and photooxidative dam¬ages in Fe-deficient leaves. The photorespiratory cycle can be considered in these circumstances as an energy dissipating cycle, operating between chloroplasts, peroxisomes, mitochondria and cytosol, which helps to protect chloroplasts from photoinhibition and plants from excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species.
We suggest that Fe deficiency leads to a strong impairment of the photosynthetic apparatus at different levels: an increase in the rate of CO2 assimilation in many biological repetition (+29%) was observed, suggesting a possible induction of photorespiratory metabolism. However, the variation was not significative and so further analysis must be required in order to reduce the variability among the repetition to get more reliable results. In addition, the reduction of CO2 assimilation can be also attributable to a reduced stomatal conductance or to a mesophyll-reduced utilization of CO2.
Iron deficiency affects also amminoacid (aa) metabolism since the concentration of Ser and Gly, two aa involved in the photorespiratory metabolism, increased in leaves (+94% and +160%, respectively). Resupply of iron to Fe-deficient plants led to an increase in the concentration of some divalent cations other than Fe like Ca and Mn, whilst Na, Mg, Cu, Zn decrease as Fe sufficient condition are restored. On the other hand, as Fe deficiency proceeds during time, we observed a significant increase in Na, Mg, Zn, Mn content. This alterations suggest that Fe deficiency induces a metabolic imbalance in which other divalent cations are absorbed by unspecific transporter, due to their similar characteristics to Fe.
Under our experimental conditions, ROS accumulation detected in cucumber plants grown in the absence of Fe could be attributable to an increase in the activity of enzymes involved in their formation or to a reduced detoxification. We observed a slight induction in the activity of Cu/Zn-SOD isoform whereas a reduction in Fe- and also in Mn-SOD isoforms activity was also recorded. At the same time, the concentration of H2O2 in the leaves of Fe-deficient plants was significantly higher (+40%). This overproduction could lead to an onset of oxidative stress which can lead to further cell damage at different levels also with the involvement of the photosynthetic apparatus. Fe deficiency also induces alterations in peroxisomes at different levels indicating modifications in the photorespiratory metabolism. The complete lack of Fe results in a strong inhibition of catalase activity (-35%). Nevertheless, we detect higher levels of catalase in Fe-deficient plants compared to the control condition. In Fesufficient condition the total activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase was fully attributable to the peroxisomal isoform (HPR1), while we recorded an equal distribution of the activity between the two isoforms, peroxisomal and cytosolic (HPR2) in plants grown under conditions of Fe deficiency.
Moreover, the characterization of rice mutant plants defective in mitochondrial Fe importer allow us to investigate the involvement of this organelle in the photorespiratory metabolism during Fe deficiency. The partial loss of function of MIT (mit-2) affects the mitochondrial functionality by decreasing the respiratory chain activity. Furthermore, the transcriptome and the metabolome strongly change in rice mutant plants, in a different way in roots and shoot. Biochemical characterization of purified mitochondria from rice roots showed alteration in the respiratory chain of mit-2 compared to wild type plants. In particular, proteins belonging to the type II alternative NAD(P)H dehydrogenases strongly accumulated in mit-2 plants, indicating that mit-2 mitochondria activate alternative pathways to keep the respiratory chain working.
The data obtained and exposed in this doctorate thesis, in agreement with what widely previously reported in literature, allow us to state that the absence or the low Fe bioavailability during the growth of the plants results in several alterations more or less reversible at different levels of the overall metabolic plant system.
6
Oppenheimer, Stephen James. "Iron deficiency and susceptibility to infection : a prospective study of the effects of iron deficiency and iron prophylaxis in infants in Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1891d054-1564-47f5-b2e0-b6da5f60e996.
Full textAbstract:
Investigation of the relationship between iron deficiency, iron supplementation and susceptibility to infection, was suggested by the author's initial observations of an association of anaemia with serious bacterial infections in infancy in Papua New Guinea. The bulk of previous longitudinal clinical intervention studies in infancy showed beneficial effects of iron supplementation. However, defects of control and design and recording in these studies and contradictory anecdotal reports left the question unresolved. A prospective, placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blind trial of iron prophylaxis (3ml intramuscular iron dextran = 150mg Fe) to two month old infants was carried out on the North Coast of Papua New Guinea where there is high transmission of malaria. A literature review, pilot studies, protocol, demography, geography and laboratory methods developed are described. Findings indicate that the placebo control group became relatively iron deficient over the first year of life and that the iron dextran group had adequate, although not excessive iron stores and a higher mean haemoglobin; however, the prevalence and effects of malaria recorded in the field were higher in the iron dextran group. Analysis of field and hospital infectious morbidity in the trial indicated a deleterious association with iron dextran for all causes including respiratory infections (the main single reason for admission). Total duration of hospitalisation was significantly increased in the iron dextran group. Analysis of other factors showed (1) a higher admission rate associated with low weight-for-height recorded at the start of the trial; (2) a significant positive correlation between birth haemoglobin and hospital morbidity rates; (3) increased malaria rates in primiparous mothers of the cohort infants who received iron infusion during pregnancy; (4) lower relative risk of malaria associated with iron prophylaxis in individuals with alpha thalassaemia, which was found to be highly prevalent in this region. In conclusion, it is suggested that policies of iron supplementation, total dose iron injection and routine presumptive iron therapy for anaemia which are widely in practice in malaria endemic areas should be closely reviewed.
7
Oti-Boateng, Peggy. "Effects of dietary calcium on intestinal non-haem iron absorption during weaning." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pho881.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Corrigenda tipped to title page. Bibliography: leaves 313-353. This study investigated the iron status and dietary intakes in 6-24 month old children in Australia and Ghana and assessed the effects of dietary calcium on intestinal iron absorption. The true prevalence of non-anaemic iron deficiency (NAID) and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) and dietary intakes in infants and toddlers from a broad socio-economic background were assessed by haematological and biochemical parameters, semi-quantitative diet recall and anthropometric measurements. The high prevalence of iron deficiency and anaemia found in Australian and Ghanaian children can be attributed to the low intake of bioavailable iron in weaning diets which are often ingested with large amounts of calcium. While calcium has been shown to inhibit the absorption of iron, its mechanism of interaction with iron absorption at the intestinal level is not known. The rat was used as an experimental model to investigate the effects of dietary calcium on duodenal iron uptake. The results indicate there is a critical period during weaning when the consumption of high dietary calcium with low iron can retard growth potential. Dietary calcium significantly inhibits non-haem iron absorption at the intracellular level by up-regulating villus enterocyte ferritin concentrations under iron deficiency conditions.
8
Burden, Richard. "The effects of iron deficiency and iron repletion in the endurance athlete." Thesis, St Mary's University, Twickenham, 2014. http://research.stmarys.ac.uk/915/.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) negatively impacts oxygen transport and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2 max). Iron deficiency non-anaemia (IDNA) is often observed amongst endurance athletes, yet the influence of IDNA on iron metabolism and endurance performance is not clear. The aim of this thesis was to investigate physiological and haematological responses to changes in iron status in elite endurance athletes.
9
Elwood, P. C. "Studies on byssinosis, iron deficiency and heart disease." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403235.
Full text
10
O'Rourke, Jamie Aileen. "A genomic study of soybean iron deficiency chlorosis." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
Find full text
11
Alvarenga, Eliana da Costa. "Avaliação da deficiencia de ferro em pacientes infectados com Helicobacter Pylori." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308159.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Helena Zerlotti Wolf GrottoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T08:24:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alvarenga_ElianadaCosta.pdf: 3519502 bytes, checksum: cc024f9bd1176e4c4f56d989bba5a487 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: A deficiência de ferro é provavelmente o distúrbio nutricional mais freqüente no mundo. O ferro é um componente essencial da molécula de hemoglobina, da mioglobina e de diversas enzimas. Tem papel fundamental no transporte de oxigênio, na transferência de elétrons e atua como cofator em muitos processos enzimáticos, incluindo a síntese de DNA. Diversos estudos têm mostrado a contribuição da infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) no desenvolvimento da anemia ferropriva e a associação entre o H. pylori e a diminuição do estoque de ferro. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar a possível associação entre a infecção pelo H. pylori e a deficiência de ferro em um grupo de pacientes adultos. Desse modo pretendeu-se conhecer melhor as alterações hematológicas presentes nos pacientes infectados pelo H. pylori, principalmente as relacionadas ao metabolismo do ferro. Foram estudados 156 pacientes adultos de ambos os sexos que foram submetidos à endoscopia digestiva alta para esclarecimento diagnóstico. Desses 156 pacientes, 125 apresentaram alterações à endoscopia, que justificaram a realização da biópsia gástrica. A avaliação da presença de anemia foi feita pelos dados hematimétricos e pelo conteúdo de hemoglobina dos reticulócitos (Ret-He) e o estado do ferro foi avaliado pelas dosagens de ferro sérico, capacidade de ligação do ferro à transferrina e ferritina sérica. A possível participação da atividade inflamatória na eritropoiese foi verificada pela correlação entre os parâmetros hematimétricos e do estado do ferro com os níveis de proteína C reativa (PC-R). O diagnóstico do H. pylori foi realizado através da análise histológica, teste da urease e teste sorológico (IgG anti- H. pylori). Os 125 pacientes foram separados em H. pylori positivo (n= 75) e negativo (n= 50). Não houve diferença significativa nos valores dos parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos, tendo sido diferentes somente os valores de IgG anti-H. pylori e de gastrina sérica, significativamente superiores no grupo H. pylori positivo. Foi observada uma correlação inversa fraca, mas significativa entre os níveis de PC-R e Ret-He e entre gastrina sérica e Ret-He no grupo H. pylori positivo. De acordo com os critérios laboratoriais, dos 125 pacientes apenas 17 (13,6%) mostraram níveis de Hb indicativos de anemia, sendo que desses, 7 (5,6%) mostraram ser positivos para a infecção pelo H. pylori. Não foi observada diferença na freqüência da deficiência de ferro entre os grupos de pacientes infectados pelo H. pylori e os não infectados pelo H. pylori. Dentre os pacientes estudados a gastrite foi confirmada em 110 pacientes, sendo que 74 (67,2%) eram H. pylori positivo. A gastrite foi classificada de acordo com o sistema de Sidney em: moderada/intensa (36.63%), leve (63,37%) e inespecífica (8,1%). Quando os pacientes com gastrite moderada/intensa foram comparados com os com gastrite leve, não houve diferença entre os parâmetros estudados, exceto os valores da titulação de IgG, que foram significativamente superiores no grupo com gastrite moderada/intensa. Portanto, podemos concluir que no grupo de indivíduos estudados a infecção pelo H. pylori e a intensidade da gastrite não foram fatores determinantes ao desenvolvimento da deficiência de ferro.
Abstract: Iron deficiency is probably the most common nutritional disorder in the world. Iron is an essential component of the molecule of hemoglobin, myoglobin and various enzymes. It has a fundamental role in oxygen transport, in electrons transference and acts as a cofactor in many enzymatic processes, including synthesis of DNA. Several studies have shown the contribution of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in the development of anemia and the association between H. pylori and reduction of iron store. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between H. pylori infection and iron deficiency in a group of adult patients. Thus we intend to study the hematological alterations in H. pylori infected patients, mainly those related to iron metabolism. We studied 156 adult patients of both sex undergoing routine upper endoscopy. Of these 156 patients, 125 had gastric biopsies stained for H. pylori identification. The evaluation of the presence of anemia was performed by erythrocyte indeces and reticulocyte hemoglobin content (RET-He) and the iron status was assessed by measurements of serum iron, iron binding capacity of the transferrin and serum ferritin levels. Inflammatory activity influence on erythropoiesis was verified by the correlation among erythrocyte parameters and the state of the iron with C-reactive protein (CR-P) levels. The diagnosis of H. pylori was performed by histological, urease and serological (IgG anti-H. pylori) methods. Patients were divided into H. pylori positive (n = 75) and negative (n = 50). There was no significant difference in hematological and biochemical parameters, except for IgG anti-H. pylori values and serum gastrin, significantly higher in H. pylori positive group. There was a weak but significant inverse correlation between CR-P and Ret-He levels and between serum gastrin and Ret-He in H. pylori positive group. According to laboratory criteria, only 17 of 125 patients (13.6%) showed levels of hemoglobin indicative of anemia, 7 of 17 patients were positive for H. pylori infection. There was no difference in the frequency of iron deficiency anemia between H. pylori positive and negative groups. Gastritis was confirmed in 110 patients, of these 74 (67.2%) were H. pylori positive. The gastritis was classified according to the Sydney system as: moderate / severe (36.63%), mild (63.37%) and nonspecific (8.1%). There was no difference between groups with moderate/ severe gastritis and mild gastritis concerning hematologic and biochemical parameters, except the values of the titers of IgG, which were significantly higher in the group with moderate / severe gastritis. Therefore, we conclude that infection by H. pylori and the intensity of gastritis were not determining factors for the development of iron deficiency in the studied group.
Universidade Estadual de Campi
Ciencias Biomedicas
Mestre em Ciências Médicas
12
Greene-Finestone, Linda. "Prevalence and risk factors of iron deficiency in infants." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4916.
Full text
13
Mossa-Al, Hashimi Lina. "Effect of iron deficiency on membrane structure and function." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=201649.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional disorders worldwide. It is especially serious during pregnancy with serious health consequences for both the mother and her developing fetus. In humans these include fetal growth retardation, impaired cognitive development and premature birth. In rats, the pups born to iron deficient mothers are smaller, with changes in liver and heart size. As adults, the offspring develop hypertension and obesity. Why these changes occur is not clear. One possible hypothesis is that iron deficiency changes the cell membrane. I aimed to investigate this hypothesis, using an in-house iron deficient maternal rat model, designed by our group, additionally I have designed an iron deficient human liver hepatoma cell line model (HepG2). The effect of iron deficiency on maternal and neonatal erythrocytes membranes was tested. Iron deficiency significantly increased the mothers’ erythrocytes sensitivity to low osmotic pressure. In contrast, the neonates’ erythrocytes sensitivity was not affected by iron deficiency. The effect of iron deficiency on membrane protein profile was also studied in maternal and neonatal liver total membrane proteins, using proteomics analysis. Mitochondrial proteins were the most affected, especially in neonates. Whole cell patch clamp recording was used to study the effect of iron deficiency on the membranes’ electrophysiological properties. HepG2 cells had linear current-voltage relationships between -130 and +60 mV. Furthermore iron deficiency reduced the membranes’ input resistance reflected by an increase in holding current and in slope conductance. These changes were not reversed by K+ channel blockers (Ba2+ and quinine) suggesting no change in K+ channel protein expression. Interestingly and unexpectedly it increased the change in conductance, Sr2+ had a similar effect. Therefore iron deficient membranes had increased permeabilit
14
Herlihy, John H. "The Impact of Iron Deficiency on Plant-Oomycete Interactions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97571.
Full textAbstract:
Plants are sessile organisms adapted to cope with dynamic changes in their environment. Abiotic stresses, such as heat, drought, or nutrient deficiency must be overcome simultaneously with biotic threats such as pathogens and herbivores. Oomycete pathogens represent a significant threat to global food production and natural ecosystems. Novel modes of oomycete disease control could increase crop yield and reduce pesticide application. Overlaps between the plant response to iron deficiency and pathogens have been documented, but the impact of simultaneous imposition of both stresses on the plant have not been studied. Additionally, nothing is known about the impact of iron deficiency on oomycete infection, or mechanisms of oomycete iron uptake. We adapted a hydroponic system to simultaneously impose iron deficiency and monitor pathogen infection. The oomycete pathogens Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, and Phytophthora capsici grew less well on iron-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana, at least in part because of observed activation of immunity due to iron stress. We screened A. thaliana T-DNA insertion mutants defective in iron metabolism and transport and identified potential mechanisms of H. arabidopsidis iron acquisition. We conducted RNA sequencing to understand how A. thaliana responds to iron deficiency and root infection of P. capsici. 323 genes were differentially upregulated in iron-starved plants over three days, irrespective of pathogen infection, representing a core iron deficiency response. This group of core genes included the primary A. thaliana iron uptake pathway and genes for coumarin biosynthesis. Salicylic acid responsive genes were observed in both treatments consistent with this defense hormone's previously identified role in iron deficiency. Genes related to glucosinolate production – shown to be important in defense against P. capsici – were down regulated during infection, potentially due to the activity of virulence effectors. Our work demonstrates crosstalk between the iron deficiency response and plant immunity, and that iron acquisition remains important to the plant even after pathogen invasion. These new insights provide a first step in developing novel resistance strategies to control oomycetes in agronomically important crops.Doctor of Philosophy
Oomycetes can cause diseases in plants resulting in loss of crops and requiring application of chemical pesticides. Better understanding of how oomycetes interact with plants will lead to new strategies to control them and more efficient agriculture. In this study, we investigated the role of iron in plant-oomycete interactions, to see what this important metal nutrient might be doing to help or hurt the plants response to infection. We developed a growth system to limit iron to the plant and simultaneously observe oomycete infection. We studied the leaf pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis or downy mildew, and Phytophthora capsici, a root pathogen that infects many types of vegetable crops. In rice, iron restriction hurt the plant's ability to fight off disease, but we observed the opposite: iron limitation caused the plant to be more resistant to both oomycete pathogens. Microscopic observation revealed that the plants ability to fight off downy mildew was not compromised by iron deficiency. Our results suggest that iron limitation triggers an immune response in the plant, which limits pathogen growth. We performed RNA sequencing on iron-deficient roots also infected with the root pathogen. This allowed us to observe how the plant responded to both stresses. The plant balances the response to iron deficiency and infection. Again, we found that iron deficiency triggers immune activation, and observed that iron-deficient plants are more resistant to infection.
15
Walworth, James. "Recognizing and Treating Iron Deficiency in the Home Yard." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144777.
Full text
16
Walworth, James. "Recognizing and Treating Iron Deficiency in the Home Yard." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/267537.
Full text
17
Muller, Lizanne. "The association between black tea consumption and iron status of African women in the North West Province : THUSA study / L. Muller." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/118.
Full textAbstract:
Motivation: A variety of factors including food shortage, poor hygiene and low
education levels affects the nutritional status of black women. Women also have a
high risk for the development of iron deficiency because they lose iron through
menstruation, the birth process and a low intake of iron containing foods. All of these
factors contribute to an increased risk for the development of iron deficiency anaemia
in women.
Objectives: The primary purpose of the study was to investigate the association
between tea consumption and iron status of African females in the North West
Province. To reach this purpose the specific aims were to (1) assess the iron status
of women, (2) determine tea intake, and (3) determine the relationship between tea
consumption and iron status, taking into account inhibiting and enhancing factors of
iron absorption.
Methods: A cross-sectional sample of apparently healthy females was taken from
five different strata of urbanisation. The subjects were then further divided into two
groups, namely younger women (younger than 45.9 years) and older women (older
than 46 years). A sample of 920 subjects was used. Data were obtained from
dietary, demographic and additional questionnaires, as well as from the taking of
blood samples. This study was a sub-study of the THUSA study.
Results: A total of 920 subjects participated of which 69.24% were younger women
and 30.76% were older women. Due to missing data, the number of subjects for
each parameter differed. The mean serum ferritin as well as haemoglobin
concentrations were within normal ranges for both groups. The mean dietary iron
intake for both groups was below recommendations. No significant correlations were
found between serum ferritin or haemoglobin and total tea intake as well as a variety
of other dietary factors. The low haemoglobin concentration group of the younger
and older women combined had a slightly higher intake of animal protein and
ascorbic acid than the high haemoglobin concentration group. On the other hand,
the high serum ferritin concentration group had a significantly higher intake of animal
protein than the low serum ferritin concentration group.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that tea does not have an inhibitory
effect on the iron status of the female population of the North West Province.
However, the investigation of other studies conducted on the same topic had mixed
results. Two of seven studies investigated and this study indicated that tea had no
inhibitory effect on iron absorption. These two studies, as well as this study were not
done in a controlled environment where certain factors can be controlled for, for
example, time of tea intake and milk consumption with tea. The other five studies
were, however, conducted in an environment where subjects were given test meals,
time of tea consumption was regulated and milk consumption with tea was recorded.
The conclusion can, therefore, be made that further studies on the South African
population in a controlled environment are necessary to give accurate
recommendations to the population.Thesis (M.Sc. (Dietetics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
18
Kargarnovin, Zahra. "Prevalence, risk factors and results of intervention among anaemic Iranian children in a low socio-economic community in urban Tehran." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298280.
Full text
19
Quisumbing, Teresita Lambo. "Studies of iron metabolism and metabolic rate in iron-deficient and cold-acclimatized rats." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1985. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1231545X.
Full text
20
Ahmad, Fuzi Salma F. "The effect of dietary components on non-haem iron absorption in healthy and iron-deficient women." Thesis, University of Chester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/620397.
Full textAbstract:
Two clinical trials investigating the effect of modulating two dietary components, tea containing polyphenols and vitamin D aimed at improving non-haem iron absorption and iron status recovery, were carried out in a cohort of healthy and iron deficient UK women, respectively. Tea has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of non-haem iron absorption but it remains unclear whether the timing of tea consumption relative to a meal influences iron bioavailability, with limited published evidence, especially in human trials. The aim of the first study was to investigate the effect of tea consumption on non-haem iron absorption and to assess the effect of time interval of tea consumption on non-haem iron absorption relative to an iron-containing meal, in a cohort of healthy female participants using a stable iron isotope (57Fe).
21
Adish, Abdulaziz A. "Risk factors and an assessment of control strategies for iron deficiency anemia in children in northern Ethiopia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ36948.pdf.
Full text
22
Shears, G. E. "Haem and non-haem iron absorption and their regulation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383814.
Full text
23
Nyein, Nyein Maw Pattanee Winichagoon. "Effect of daily versus intermittent iron supplementation on iron status of Thai infants /." Abstract, 1999. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2542/42E-NyeinNyeinMaw.pdf.
Full text
24
Rasmussen, Heidi. "Foliar Application of Iron Chelated Fertilizer and Surfactants for Management of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis in Soybeans." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27708.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is a production challenge for farmers growing soybeans
[Glycine max (L.) Merr.], especially in the Red River Valley. It is critical to correct this
deficiency as soon as symptoms arise before growth, and ultimately yield, is negatively
impacted. Field experiments of foliar applied iron fertilizers (o-o-EDDHA, o-o-EDDHSA,
HEDTA, and an amino acid) and suitable adjuvants (HSOC [high surfactant oil concentrate],
non-ionic surfactant, acidifier, and organosilicone surfactant), to control IDC were conducted
during the 2013 and 2014 growing seasons, respectively. There was high variability among the
results for both the SPAD meter readings and soil iron concentration. The yield values were
greater in the treated plots than with control plots, but not significantly so. Further experiments
should be conducted to gain more knowledge on the prolonged use and efficiency of these
products in the correction of IDC.North Dakota Soybean Council
25
Newhouse, Ian Joseph. "The effects of prelatent and latent iron deficiency on physical work capacity." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27470.
Full textAbstract:
In order to examine the effects of prelatent/latent iron deficiency on physical work capacity and selected muscle enzyme activities, forty female subjects were studied before and after eight weeks of supplementation with either oral iron or a matching placebo.
Initially, female volunteers engaged in regular endurance running were screened for iron deficiency by blood analysis (serum ferritin and hemoglobin). Forty non-anemic subjects with deficient iron stores underwent physiological and anthropometric tests to obtain a comprehensive profile. The specific physical work capacity tests were alactic and lactacid power on the Wingate cycle ergometer test, lactacid capacity on the anaerobic speed test, anaerobic (ventilatory) threshold using gas exchange variables, V0₂ max. and the max.
treadmill velocity during the V0₂ max. test. Muscle biopsy samples
pre-, and post- treatment were assayed for citrate synthase and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity. Treatment was oral iron supplementation (320 mg ferrous sulfate = 100 mg elemental iron taken as SLOW-Fe® twice a day) or a matching placebo. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of the treatment groups and a double-blind method of administration of the supplements was used. It was hypothesized that work capacity would be enhanced following oral iron supplementation, possibly due to the repletion of iron containing oxidative enzymes important in energy production. Results could not strongly support this hypothesis with the difference between the two groups on the work capacity and enzyme activity variables being statistically nonsignificant. Serum ferritin values rose from a mean of 12.4+4.5 to 37.7+19.7 ngml⁻¹ for the experimental group and 12.2±4.3 to 17.2±8.9 for the controls; (p=0.0025). Hemoglobin levels remained fairly constant for both treatment groups; 13.4±0.6 to 13.5±0.5 gdl⁻¹ (experimental), and 13.0±0.6 to 13.1+0.5 (control); (p=0.6). Pre to post values on the work capacity variables, experimental vs control respectively were: Alactic power, 8.8 to 8.4 watts-kg⁻¹ body wt. vs 8.4 to 8.2; lactacid capacity, 6.9 to 6.9 watts-kg⁻¹ body wt. vs 7.0 to 6.0; anaerobic speed test, 41.3 to 45.1 seconds vs 43.7 to 44.8; anaerobic threshold, 7.4 to 7.5 mileshour⁻¹ vs 7.2 to 7.2; V0₂ max, 51.3 to 52.7 ml-kg⁻¹ min⁻¹ vs 50.6 to 50.6; max velocity during V0₂ max, 9.8 to 9.8 mileshour⁻¹ vs
9.6 to 9.5. Except for alactic power, the change in work capacity favored the iron treated group. Noting this trend, further study may be warranted. Prelatent/latent iron deficiency appeared not to depress the activities of the two enzymes measured. Cytoplasmic alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity rose from 0.066 to 0.085 units for the experimental group (p=.58) vs .058 to .066 for the control group and citrate synthase activity changed from 0.047 to 0.048 (experimental) vs 0.039 to 0.042 (control). It can be concluded that eight weeks of iron supplementation to prelatent/latent iron deficient, physically active females does not significantly enhance work capacity nor the activity of 2 oxidative muscle enzymes (citrate synthase and cytoplasmic alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase). Within the limitations of this study the presence of a serum ferritin below 20 ng-ml⁻¹ does not pose a significant handicap to anaerobic or aerobic capacity.Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies
Graduate
26
Kind, Clive Nicholas. "Biochemical aspects of the fate of imferon (iron-dextran) in the body." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280510.
Full text
27
Лобода, Андрій Миколайович, Андрей Николаевич Лобода, and Andrii Mykolaiovych Loboda. "Дефіцит заліза та фізичний розвиток дитини." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/6827.
Full text
28
Chase, Zanna. "Metabolic and oceanographic consequences of iron deficiency in heterotrophic marine protozoa." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0004/MQ29672.pdf.
Full text
29
Chase, Zanna. "Metabolic and oceanographic consequences of iron deficiency in heterotrophic marine protozoa." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27297.
Full textAbstract:
Iron is recognized as a key element regulating primary production in large regions of the ocean, but nothing is known of its direct effect on higher trophic levels. Growth and metabolism of two species of heterotrophic protozoans fed iron-rich and iron-poor prey were thus examined. Maximum growth rates of Paraphysomonas imperforata and P. butcheri were observed only when Fe quotas of bacterial prey were greater than 70 $ mu$mol Fe:mol C. At lower Fe:C ratios, but at constant prey biomass (C/ml), both species grew significantly slower. Minimum Fe quotas of the flagellates at these slow growth rates ($ sim$10 $ mu$mol Fe:mol C) were similar to those of iron-limited phytoplankton and bacteria. Growth rate reduction was the result of direct elemental limitation by Fe, judging from the protozoans' positive response to Fe additions and from their biochemical characteristics. Filtration and carbon ingestion rates increased under Fe-limitation, but carbon gross growth efficiency (CGGE) decreased when Paraphysomonas imperforata consumed iron-poor bacteria. Ammonium regeneration efficiency was also reduced. The decrease in CGGE was a consequence of reduced activity of the iron-dependent electron transport system, greater DOC excretion, and greater CO$ sb2$ evolution by Fe-limited flagellates. Paraphysomonas imperforata excreted Fe, even when limited by this element, and retained less of the ingested ration and thus had a higher Fe regeneration efficiency than when consuming Fe-rich bacteria. According to recent measurements of biogenic Fe:C in the subarctic Pacific, our results suggest that heterotrophic bacterivorous flagellates may experience iron-limitation in remote oceanic regions. Such limitation could profoundly affect C, N and Fe cycling in the sea.
30
Newcomer, Lisa. "Dietary intake and iron deficiency in college age female distance runners." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/539799.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether adherance to a modified vegetarian diet predisposed young female athletes to iron deficiency. Two groups of female distance runners volunteered to be subjects for this study. One group consisted of women who regularly consumed red meat, and the other groups women who consumed a modified vegetarian diet. Three day dietary records analyzed to estimate nutrient intake, including available iron. Measures of serum ferritin, serum iron, total iron binding capacity, percent transferrin saturation, hemoglobin and hematocrit were done to asses iron status. The two groups did not differ in the amount of total iron or available iron in their diets. The red meat eating subjects consumed significantly more heme iron from their diets than the modified vegetarians; however there were no differences between the two groups in any of the measures of hematological or iron status. While there were no differences between the two groups in the percent of subjects classified in each stage, 37% of all of the subjects were classified as having a stage 1 deficiency, associated with iron deficient stores, and 11% of the subjects were classified as having a stage 2 deficiency, indicating iron deficient erythropoiesis. None of the subjects were anemic. The results indicate that adherance to a modifed vegetarian diet in this age group did not increase the risk of iron deficiency.School of Physical Education
31
Dvorak, Linda. "Dietary intake and iron deficiency in middle age female distance runners." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/471158.
Full textAbstract:
The role of food intake and nutrition in athletic performance has gained much recognition in recent years. Therefore, the purpose of the present investigation was to assess whether female runners who consumed a modified vegetarian diet had different iron parameters than female runners who consumed a diet that included red meat. Methods: Two groups of female runners (n=18) volunteered as subjects for this study. One group was composed of women who regularly consumed a modified vegetarian diet (V group) and the other group was composed of women who consumed a diet which included red meat (RM group). The groups were comparable in age, weight, aerobic capacity, number of pregnancies and years since last pregnancy. Dietary analyses and biochemical analyses for the three stages of iron deficiency characterized by iron depletion, iron deficient erythropoiesis and iron deficiency anemia were performed to compare iron status of the two groups of athletes. Results: Serum ferritin values of the V group were significantly lower (p=.001) than those of the RM group. Of all the athletes examined, 56% had serum ferritin values indicative of storage iron depletion. Mean values for serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and percent transferrin saturation were in the normal range for both groups, but TIBC values of the V group were significantly higher (p=.02) than the TIBC values of the RM group. Individually, four of the subjects, 22%, (3 V group and 1 RM group), had iron values indicative of iron deficient erythropoiesis. None of the other iron parameters was significantly different between the groups and none of the subjects was clinically anemic. The mean daily iron intake was not significantly different between the groups, but both groups averaged less than the RDA. The total caloric intake of both groups averaged less than 1800 kcals/day with 50% of the athletes consuming less than 1800 kcals/day, and another 28% consumed between 1800-2100 kcals/day. The V group consumed significantly more carbohydrate (p=.02) and less protein (p=.001) than the RM group, but none of the other dietary variables were significantly different between the groups. Conclusion: The two groups of subjects ingested almost the same amount of iron/day, however, the bioavailability of the iron in the diets may have affected iron absorption as the iron stores of the V group were lower than those of the RM group.
32
Kemmer, Teresa M. "Iron deficiency anemia in refugee children from Burma : a policy proposal /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6595.
Full text
33
Chung, Yu Jin. "A study of the effects of iron deficiency on cardiac function." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a8e84615-6848-426c-99ab-750c2b5c1a86.
Full textAbstract:
The research presented in this thesis is an interdisciplinary study of the effects of iron deficiency on cardiac physiology. The aim of the study was to gain insight into the mechanism by which cardiac function is affected by iron deficiency, induced through the administration of an iron-deficient diet, on a murine model. Chapter 3 of this thesis introduces the mouse model, demonstrating that the administration of an iron-deficient diet does lead to iron deficiency, and in some animals, anaemia. It also provides in vivo evidence of impairment of heart function in iron-deficient animals. Alterations in cardiac function could be rescued by correction of the iron deficiency by intravenous iron supplementation. Chapter 4 describes the study which investigated the effects of iron deficiency on the cardiac gene expression profile using RNA-sequencing technology. This study revealed that the administration of an iron-deficient diet leads to many genome-wide changes, some of which are likely to be related to the cell's stress response. Chapter 5 presents the study into cardiac metabolism. Iron-deficient hearts were found to have increased glycolytic flux and lactate production. Alterations in metabolism occurred in the absence of changes in mitochondrial numbers or morphology. Instead, the proposed mechanism for changes in cardiac energetics is hypoxia of the cardiac tissue. Chapter 6 reports the findings of the study which explored the effects of an iron-deficient diet on the cardiac calcium signaling pathway. Iron deficiency was associated with higher diastolic calcium levels and decreased calcium transient amplitude, which could be prevented by reversal of iron deficiency by intravenous supplementation of iron. Overall, this thesis provides evidence that severe iron-deficiency anaemia is sufficient to cause modest impairment of cardiac function and that this functional impairment is the result of complex alterations that occur at the genetic, metabolic and signaling level.
34
Harding, Scott V. "Evaluation of the iron, antioxidant and dietary status of iron supplemented breastfed healthy infants /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2003. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,160317.
Full text
35
Martínez, Sánchez Edgar. "Presencia de neuroglobina en sujetos deficientes de hierro." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/109782.
Full textAbstract:
Tesis de Licenciatura que trata sobre neuroglobina en sujetos deficientes de hierroLa neuroglobina (Ngb) es una hemo-proteína expresada en tejido nervioso de varias especies animales, incluidos los mamíferos. Dentro de su estructura, Ngb posee un ion hierro, el cual es primordial para que pueda cumplir sus funciones como factor neuroprotector y neurogénico. A nivel cerebral Ngb se encuentra ampliamente expresada tanto en regiones corticales como subcorticales. Por otra parte, la deficiencia de hierro (DFe) es una patología extremadamente común a nivel mundial y se relaciona con diversas afecciones neurológicas crónicas e irreversibles. El sustrato fisiopatológico de estas afecciones se debe en gran parte a la deficiente incorporación de hierro a proteínas en áreas cerebrales como hipocampo, corteza prefrontal y cuerpo estriado. Sin embargo, a la fecha no se dispone de evidencia sobre la existencia de alteraciones en la presencia de Ngb en hipocampo, corteza prefrontal y cuerpo estriado ante DFe. Por este motivo, nos dimos a la tarea de realizar un modelo de DFe en rata Wistar desde la gestación hasta la adultez. Posteriormente realizamos inmunofluorescencia en hipocampo, corteza prefrontal y cuerpo estriado contra Ngb. Más tarde, mediante el software Image-Pro® Plus Version 7.0 realizamos análisis colorimétrico del color verde en las microfotografías, para así obtener el área con marcaje y densidad de marcaje de Ngb. Los datos obtenidos fueron sometidos a análisis estadístico y los resultados con valores p≤0.05 se consideraron como estadísticamente significativos. Finalmente, encontramos que el hipocampo y la corteza prefrontal de sujetos DFe presentaron disminución neuronal de la presencia de Ngb. Además, tanto en neuronas de hipocampo como de corteza prefrontal de sujetos DFe se observó mayor presencia de Ngb fuera del soma, probablemente en dendritas y axones. Por el contrario, en el cuerpo estriado los sujetos DFe presentaron un incremento neuronal en la presencia de Ngb. Más aún, en neuronas del cuerpo estriado la localización de Ngb fue esencialmente somática.
Instituto de Nutrición y Salud Kellogg. Kellogg Company México
36
Zhang, Fan. "Iron absorption and regulatory mechanisms: effects of fructooligosaccharide and other prebiotics." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2017. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/413.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutrient deficiency in the world, leading to long-term developmental and health consequences in populations at risk. Also known as prebiotics, non-digestible oligosaccharides such as fructooligosaccharide (FOS), inulin, galactooligosaccharide (GOS) and lactulose resist digestion by gastric acid and pancreatic enzymes in vivo, but are preferentially fermented by beneficial intestinal bacteria once they reach the colon. Prebiotics have been shown to increase the absorption of minerals such as iron from diets, but results from studies reported in the literature at times are contradictory, and mechanisms involved are still unclear. A better understanding of the role of FOS and other prebiotics in iron absorption may lead to new dietary modification strategies to increase intake of iron absorption enhancers in plant-based diets. The objectives of this study were therefore to determine the effects of prolonged FOS, as well as Synergy 1 (a combination of long- and short-chain FOS), inulin, GOS and lactulose supplementation on iron status of anemic rats; and to assess the enhancing effects of FOS on iron absorption and elucidate the regulatory mechanism involved using the Caco-2 cell culture model. In our animal studies, male Sprague-Dawley rats were first fed a low-iron diet for 14 days prior to prebiotics supplementation to achieve an iron-deficient status. Rats receiving the low-iron diet (12 ppm Fe) showed significantly lower non-heme iron concentrations in liver, spleen and kidney, as well as lower hemoglobin level than rats receiving a normal diet (45 ppm Fe), confirming iron-deficiency anemia. At the onset of the feeding trials, anemic rats were further divided into groups with or without supplementation of prebiotics. Prebiotics were provided to the rats by dissolving in water at 5% (w/v). Rats were kept on their respective test diets for 28 or 35 days, and all had free access to food and water during the feeding trials. The results showed significantly higher hemoglobin and non-heme iron levels in anemic rats with FOS or GOS supplementation, suggesting that both FOS and GOS could have positive effects on the iron status of anemic subjects with a low-iron intake. Rat colon contents also showed significant changes in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations, presumably due to fermentation of prebiotics by intestinal microflora. Changes in the expression of Duodenal cytochrome b (Dcytb) and Divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT-1) in Caco-2 cells were measured by Western Blot and Real Time PCR. Our results confirmed that Caco-2 cells 14 days post confluence provided a stable research model for gene expression studies related to iron absorption. At low iron level, especially with FOS or SCFA supplementation, Dcytb and DMT-1 expression levels were increased in Caco-2 cells. While at high iron level, expression of Dcytb or DMT-1 was mostly down-regulated. Effects of SCFA were much more pronounced than FOS at different iron concentrations, suggesting that any effects of dietary FOS on improving iron status would require fermentation by the intestinal microflora. Further studies on other prebiotics (e.g., GOS and lactulose) and different combinations of SCFA are warranted.
37
Verrall, Tanya Christine. "Preventing iron deficiency anemia : communication strategies to promote iron nutrition for at-risk infants in northern Quebec." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85102.
Full textAbstract:
A sustainable primary prevention strategy for infant iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was implemented and evaluated in a community with at-risk infants in northern Quebec, Canada. Communication strategies were used to promote iron-rich complementary food rather than iron-fortified formula, which can interfere with breastfeeding practice. This food-based approach has been successfully implemented in developing countries, but has not been applied in an industrialized country setting.Mass media (i.e., radio dialogues, key messages, print material, point-of-purchase grocery store display) and interpersonal (i.e., homemade baby food cooking activity) communication strategies were developed in collaboration with community members and implemented in partnership with an existing community program. Reach and exposure of the strategies were measured using a questionnaire administered to a post-intervention sample (n = 45). Sales of promoted iron-rich infant food were examined pre- and post-intervention period. A repeat cross-sectional design was used for the impact evaluation. Two groups of mothers with infants, aged 7-10 months at Time 1 (n = 32) and Time 2 (n = 22) were interviewed. Outcome variables were infants' total iron and complementary food iron intakes measured by two 24-hour recalls. Secular trends in infants' hemoglobin values and milk type consumption were examined in the study community and two comparison communities.
Multiple communication channels increased awareness of IDA and influenced self-reported use of iron-rich infant food. Iron-rich infant food sales increased from pre- to post-intervention (p < 0.05). Complementary food intake iron increased between Time 1 (3.2 +/- 0.8 mg) and Time 2 (4.4 +/- 1.1 mg) (p < 0.05). The proportion of infants with anemia (hemoglobin < 110 g/L) significantly decreased from the period before (37.2%) to during (14.3%) the intervention (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found for this variable within the comparison communities. The proportion of infants receiving iron-fortified formula in the study community did not differ between Time 1 and Time 2, but increased from Time 1 (55%) to Time 2 (73%) (p < 0.05) in the comparison communities, indicating an erosion of breastfeeding practice.
These results suggest the effectiveness of communication strategies to improve infant iron nutrition in a community with good access to iron-rich infant food. The potential for this strategy in other communities warrants further investigation.
38
SAITO, HIROSHI. "METABOLISM OF IRON STORES." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20543.
Full text
39
Jordão, Regina Esteves 1981. "Anemia ferropriva em lactentes no Municipio de Campinas-SP." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308315.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Antonio de Azevedo Barros FilhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T14:51:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jordao_ReginaEsteves_M.pdf: 2814782 bytes, checksum: 7078249dc793f5031a01a780745cf9d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
Resumo: A anemia por deficiência de ferro é a mais comum das carências nutricionais e o resultado de um longo período de balanço negativo entre a quantidade de ferro biologicamente disponível e sua necessidade orgânica. É considerado um problema de saúde pública devido à sua alta prevalência deixando a criança vulnerável a infecções. Nos menores de dois anos, o consumo alimentar pobre em ferro associado ao desmame precoce pode contribuir para a anemia nesta faixa etária. Com o intuito de verificar a prevalência de anemia por meio de revisão sistemática foi feito levantamento dos estudos de prevalência nacional da doença em menores de 5 anos e levando-se em consideração a introdução de alimentos complementares avaliou-se, de maneira transversal, 354 crianças de 6 a 12 meses de idade. Para a coleta de dados sobre a alimentação complementar e condições sócio econômicas da população estudada, foi feita entrevista domiciliar, sendo aplicado um questionário por profissionais da saúde devidamente treinados, com a mãe da criança e ao final, realizada a coleta sanguínea capilar do lactente, para dosagem de hemoglobina. Foram consideradas anêmicas concentrações de hemoglobina inferiores a 11 g/dL. Dos lactentes estudados 66,46% apresentaram níveis de hemoglobina menores que 11 g/dL. O consumo alimentar pobre em ferro associado à inadequada introdução de alimentos podem ser considerados fatores associados a anemia. Estas informações alertam para que possamos direcionar, com maior precisão, os programas de prevenção e de combate desta enfermidade no município e que é necessário pesquisas com base populacional. Termos de Indexação: Anemia. Alimentação complementar. Lactente. Deficiência de ferro. Prevalência. Ferro
Abstract: Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common nutritional deficiency and it is due to the negative balance between the amount of biological disposable iron and the organic needs of this oligoelement in a long time. It is a public health problem because of its high prevalence can leave the child vulnerable to infections. The low iron dietary intake and the early weaning in children less than two years of age can be a determinant factor for the high anemia prevalence. A systematic review was conducted in the electronic databases to verify the national prevalence of anemia associated with the introduction of complementary food in children less than five years of old. A cross-sectional survey of a randomized sample of newborns was carried out where 354 mothers of infants from 6 to 12 months were interviewed by training health profissionals in order to obtain information on socioeconomic status and the introduction of complementary food. A drop of blood was collected at the end of interviews for measuring hemoglobin. Anemia was considered when concentrations were below to 11g/dL. 66,46% of the children showed hemoglobin lower than 11 g/dL. The low iron status in the normal dietary intakes associated with the inadequate introduction of complementary food can be considered one of the most importants factors in the developing of anemia. The results of the present study helps us to define more effective interventions in relation to prevention and treatment of anemia in the city and it would be interesting surveys with populational basis. Kew words: Anemia. Complementary food. Infant. Iron deficiency. Prevalence. Iron
Mestrado
Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
Mestre em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
40
Sinclair, Lisa M. "Effect of iron supplementation on endurance performance in iron deficient trained males and females /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422965.
Full text
41
Zitting, Megan M. "Comparison of Iron Supplementation and Albendazole on Anemia in Ghanaian Children." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6425.
Full textAbstract:
Half a billion school aged children suffer from anemia, with the majority of anemia caused by iron deficiency. Researchers have shown a strong correlation between low hemoglobin levels and presence of intestinal parasites in children with anemia. Childhood anemia has profound negative effects on physical growth, maturation, and cognitive development leading to poorer educational achievement. Using hemoglobin as a measure of anemia, this quasi-experimental study investigated impact of either iron supplementation or an antiparasitic medication on hemoglobin levels in two groups of children in a rural region of Eastern Ghana. Surprisingly, after a 6-month intervention period, hemoglobin levels in both groups significantly decreased. Further research is needed toinvestigate other factors impacting nutrition and incidence of anemia in pediatric populations in developing countries.
42
Alaofe, Halimatou, Jennifer Burney, Rosamond Naylor, and Douglas Taren. "Prevalence of anaemia, deficiencies of iron and vitamin A and their determinants in rural women and young children: a cross-sectional study in Kalale district of northern Benin." CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624076.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To identify the magnitude of anaemia and deficiencies of Fe (ID) and vitamin A (VAD) and their associated factors among rural women and children. Design: Cross-sectional, comprising a household, health and nutrition survey and determination of Hb, biochemical (serum concentrations of ferritin, retinol, C-reactive protein and alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein) and anthropometric parameters. Multivariate logistic regression examined associations of various factors with anaemia and micronutrient deficiencies. Setting: Kalale district, northern Benin. Subjects: Mother-child pairs (n 767): non-pregnant women of reproductive age (15-49 years) and children 6-59 months old. Results: In women, the overall prevalence of anaemia, ID, Fe-deficiency anaemia (IDA) and VAD was 47.7, 18.3, 11.3 and 17.7%, respectively. A similar pattern for anaemia (82.4 %), ID (23.6%) and IDA (21.2%) was observed among children, while VAD was greater at 33. 6%. Greater risk of anaemia, ID and VAD was found for low maternal education, maternal farming activity, maternal health status, low food diversity, lack of fruits and vegetables consumption, low protein foods consumption, high infection, anthropometric deficits, large family size, poor sanitary conditions and low socio-economic status. Strong differences were also observed by ethnicity, women's group participation and source of information. Finally, age had a significant effect in children, with those aged 6-23 months having the highest risk for anaemia and those aged 12-23 months at risk for ID and IDA. Conclusions: Anaemia, ID and VAD were high among rural women and their children in northern Benin, although ID accounted for a small proportion of anaemia. Multicentre studies in various parts of the country are needed to substantiate the present results, so that appropriate and beneficial strategies for micronutrient supplementation and interventions to improve food diversity and quality can be planned.
43
Cheng, Hoi Lun. "Obesity, Iron and Young Women: Studies Investigating the Nutritional Implications of Excess Adiposity on Iron Status in Young Women." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9931.
Full textAbstract:
THESIS TITLE: Obesity, iron and young women: studies investigating the nutritional implications of excess adiposity on iron status in young women. Recent evidence suggests a link between obesity, inflammation and disrupted iron metabolism that is mediated by the hormone hepcidin. This is of particular concern in young (18-30y) women as risk of weight gain and iron inadequacy is already high. Research in this demographic is also scarce, with limited studies using novel iron markers [e.g. soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and hepcidin] suitable for obese or inflamed individuals. To address the lack of research in this group, four studies were conducted for this thesis: (1) a systematic review summarising evidence on adult obesity, inflammation and iron status; (2) a cross-sectional study examining iron deficiency and obesity-related iron and hepcidin disturbances in young overweight women; (3) a 12-month randomised intervention assessing weight loss and dietary protein/haem iron manipulation on iron status in young women; and (4) a secondary genetic study on the intervention outcomes investigating impact of the rs855791 genetic polymorphism on body iron responses to altered protein/haem iron intake. The systematic review showed obese adults, particularly those with a body mass index >35kg/m2, exhibited biochemical changes consistent with inflammation and lower iron status. Conversely, this was not found in the subsequent study of young overweight women where simple iron deficiency (hypoferritinemia), was the major iron-related issue. With haem iron intake often recommended for treating iron deficiency, a randomised trial comparing two weight loss diets with contrasting protein and haem iron content was conducted in these women. Results demonstrated higher protein/haem iron intake to be useful for those with greater iron needs, and weight loss per se may be beneficial for normalising mild obesity-related iron disturbances. An exploration of genetics in the final study also revealed a significant effect of the rs855791 polymorphism on iron status, although its impact was mild relative to protein/haem iron intake.
44
Mwanri, Lillian. "Impact of vitamin A and iron on anaemia and cognitive functioning of anaemic school children in Tanzania." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm994.pdf.
Full text
45
Power, Harold Michael. "A study of iron nutrition and immunity in infancy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25837.
Full textAbstract:
Motivation and study design: Iron deficiency is a common condition in infancy, particularly in lower socio-economic groups. In Cape Town it remains a problem in spite of public health measures taken against it: a recent survey found a prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia of 34% in healthy 1-year old term infants who had ready access to a municipal health clinic where iron fortified milk formula is sold at subsidized prices. The consequences of iron deficiency extend beyond anaemia- to involve all organ systems including the immune system. Since Helen Mackay's report in 1928 of a striking decrease in incidents of infection in infants treated with iron, clinicians have assumed that iron deficiency predisposes to infection. Despite a sound theoretical basis for this belief, the clinical evidence for the assumption is poor as studies to date have displayed methodological deficiencies. On the other hand, iron is also essential for the growth of micro-organisms. As such, supplemental iron may predispose to infection. Indeed, there is much laboratory and clinical evidence to show that excess iron can result in the recrudescence of quiescent infections and increase the virulence of newly acquired infections. Thus, the competition between host and parasite may sometimes hinge on the relative availability of iron and it has been speculated that excess iron in infant milk formula may increase susceptibility to infectious diarrhoeal disease. The problem addressed by this thesis was to determine the utility of increasing the level of iron fortification of infant milk formula. Three questions were posed: Does increasing the level of iron fortification of conventional infant milk formula improve the iron nutrition of normal infants fed on the formula? Does increased iron fortification of infant milk formula alter immunity as reflected by incidence of infection and laboratory tests of immune function? Are there any handful effects of increasing the quantity of iron in conventional infant milk formula? A double blind randomized trial was carried out in 1983 and 1984 to answer these questions. A group of 149 healthy, well-nourished infants from a lower socio-economic community of so called Cape Coloureds were followed from the age of 3 months to 1 year. Half of the infants, the Control group, were given a commercially available infant milk formula (Lactogen Full Protein) which has 8.3 mg Fe/ 100 g formula and 37 mg ascorbic acid/ 100 g. The other half of subjects, the Test group, were given the same milk formula but fortified with iron to a concentration of 40 mg Fe/ 100 g. The children were examined every 3 or 4 weeks and any infection or history of infection was noted. Laboratory tests were done at the start of the trial and again on completion. During the trial, laboratory tests were performed only if clinically indicated. The tests included full blood count and differential analysis, red cell zinc protoporphyrin, plasma ferritin, plasma and hair zinc and lymphocyte subtyping with monoclonal antibodies. Within each group, half of the infants were randomly selected for assay of neutrophil bactericidal activity. The other half were assayed for lymphocyte blastogenic response to stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin. Tests of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity to Candida antigen and PPD were done and all children and their mothers had antibodies to tetanus and polio determined. Results: 74 infants in the Control group started the trial and 62 completed it. In the Test group, 75 infants began and 70 completed the study. Intake of milk and solid foods was not quantified, but the ages of weaning and of introduction of new foods were determined. The Control and Test groups did not differ significantly on any test item. The mean age of completion of weaning was 3.60 months for the Control group and 4.04 months for the Test group. The Control group was first given meat or fish at a mean age of 5.19 months; the Test. group had meat or fish introduced to their diets at a mean age of 4.36 months. These differences were not statistically significant. The children in the Control group were lighter and shorter than the Test group at the end of the year. Mean standard deviation scores for weight were 0.23 and 0.48 respectively (P = 20%), while for length the SD scores were -0.13 and 0.06 (P = 20%).
46
Czopek, Alicja. "Effect of maternal iron deficiency during pregnancy on kidney development and blood pressure regulation in the rat offspring." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=26459.
Full text
47
Rahman, Sabuktagin. "Efficacy of micronutrient powder (MNP) with low-dose of iron supplementation in Bangladeshi children living in areas of high level of iron in groundwater." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/415303.
Full textAbstract:
Background Anaemia is a public health concern in Bangladesh, affecting 30-50% of the children under-5 years of age. Iron deficiency (ID) is thought to be the primary cause of anaemia in the country. However, a national micronutrient survey revealed that the prevalence of ID in under-five children is quite low (10.7%) and drinking iron-containing groundwater from tube wells was reported to be linked with low ID. Despite the low burden of ID, due to the high prevalence of anaemia, the national policy for childhood anaemia prevention recommended iron supplementation through distributing micronutrient powder (MNP) containing 12.5 mg of iron. The MNP programmes have been implemented over the decades to prevent anaemia in children. Physiologically, in an iron-replete state, usage of iron supplement (MNP) might induce side effects such as, diarrhoea, nausea, and vomiting is common. Hence, the present study was conducted in Bangladeshi children drinking from groundwater with high level of iron to assess the effect of the low iron MNP (5 mg iron) against the standard MNP (12.5 mg iron) on haemoglobin concentration and to compare the relative side-effects of the competing MNP treatments. Methods: The RCT was conducted in children 2-5 years old who drank water from groundwater with a high concentration of iron (≥2 mg/L) in Belkuchi—a rural district of Bangladesh. A total of 435 children were screened for eligibility, with 327 enrolled in the trial and randomly allocated to receive either the standard MNP (12.5 mg iron per sachet) or the low-iron MNP (5 mg iron per sachet). The trial assessed if low-iron MNP, after consumption of one sachet every day for 60 days, was non-inferior to the standard MNP in regard to haemoglobin concentration of the children. A priori non-inferior margin (-0.5 g/dl) was set; and non-inferiority was concluded if the lower bound of the one-sided 95% CI for the difference in the treatment effect of the low iron MNP was higher than the non-inferiority margin. The treatment effect of the low iron MNP on haemoglobin was examined by Generalized Linear Modelling through controlling for the pertinent baseline covariates. Furthermore, the study assessed the comparative incidence of iron-induced side effect such as diarrhoea, loose stools, nausea, fever, and vomiting between the treatment groups. Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) which compares incidence rates of an event between two groups was calculated using the poisson regression to assess the incidence of the side effects in the groups. On a subsample (n=53) of the enrolled children representing both MNP groups, gut microbiome was assessed by sequencing of 16sRNA at baseline and the endpoint. The effects of the intake of MNPs on the composition of gut microbiota were compared between the groups and between endpoint and baseline. Additionally, to assess the effect of thalassaemia in the background of high groundwater iron and MNP consumption, a sub-sample analysis from the trial was conducted to compare haemoglobin and ferritin status among the thalassaemia carriers and non-carriers. Another sub-study was conducted to examine the haemoglobin status of the children whose drinking groundwater contained low level of iron (0--<2 mg/) for hypothesizing the utility of the low iron MNP in the low groundwater iron setting. Further, the trial was preceded by three sub studies leading up to the preparation of the trial—such as the taste-rating of the groundwater sample for semi quantitative assessment of iron content (annex 1); validation of a semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire (annex 2); and assessment of temporal concentration of groundwater iron (annex 3). Results: The results of the RCT revealed that the low-dose iron MNP was non-inferior to the standard MNP on haemoglobin outcome (β = −0.14, 95% CI: −0.30, 0.013; p = 0.07). The lower bound of the 95% CI for the difference in the treatment effect on haemoglobin was higher than -0.5 g/dl, thus confirming the non-inferiority of the low iron MNP. It resulted in a lower incidence of diarrhoea (IRR = 0.29, p = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.11–0.77), nausea (IRR = 0.24, p = 0.002, 95% CI: 0.09–0.59) and fever (IRR = 0.26, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.15–0.43) compared to the standard MNP. The 16sRNA sequencing revealed that overall; there was no significant treatment effect of the low-iron MNP on microbiota compared to the standard MNP. However, an apparent treatment effect was observed in children with a relative adultlike microbiota, with a higher relative abundance of potentially pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae after receiving the standard MNP compared to the low-iron MNP (p=0.07). The results of the sub-sample of the thalassaemia carriers showed that the haemoglobin concentration of the children with thalassaemia at the end-point remained unchanged relative to the baseline value; 11.56±0.59 (Endpoint) vs. 11.6±0.54 (Baseline), p=0.83. In the children without thalassaemia haemoglobin tended to increase; 12.54±0.72 (Endpoint) vs. 12.41±0.72 (baseline), p=0.06. Baseline reserve of body iron was significantly higher in the thalassaemia carriers compared to their non-carrier peers; 594 mg vs. 558 mg; p=0.03. The increase of the infection adjusted ferritin level from baseline to the endpoint was 7.37% (p=0.7) and 10.17% (p=0.009) in the carrier and non-carrier groups respectively. The sub-study examining the effect of the low iron MNP in a low groundwater iron setting revealed that the ccombined intake of iron from dietary, groundwater and low-iron MNP in children was 5.8±2.0 and 6.9±2.5 mg/day comprising 193% and 169% of the Estimated Average Requirement in the 2-3 year-old and 4-5 year-old subgroups, respectively. The mean concentration of haemoglobin in children exposed to groundwater concentration 0.8-<2.0 mg/L and 0.0-<0.8 mg/L subgroups was 12.17±0.94 mg/dl and 11.91±0.91 mg/dl (p=0.30) respectively. Conclusion: The low iron MNP (5 mg iron) was non-inferior to the standard MNP (12.5 mg) in preventing the low level of haemoglobin in Bangladeshi children exposed to high content of iron from drinking groundwater. It caused fewer incidence of side effects, such as diarrhoea, nausea and fever. Overall, there was no treatment effect of the low iron MNP on composition of gut microbiota. Further, a low iron MNP can be potentially beneficial to the thalassaemia carriers. Low iron MNP has the potential to curb the childhood anaemia in settings where groundwater iron is low. The combined findings of the trial and the sub studies demonstrated beneficial role of the low iron MNP in Bangladesh to control childhood anaemia.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Medicine & Dentistry
Griffith Health
Full Text
48
Amarakoon, Amarakoon Rajapakse Wasala Mohotti Mudiyanselage Darshika. "Iron Biofortification Potential of Field Pea (Pisum Sativum L.)." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26518.
Full textAbstract:
Iron (Fe) deficiency affects more than 3 billion of the global population. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the genetic and environmental variation of seed Fe concentration and food matrix factors that govern Fe bioavailability in field peas (Pisum sativum L.) grown in North Dakota, USA in 2010 and 2011, and (2) determine the genetic variation of Fe uptake by field pea grown under greenhouse conditions with different Fe treatments. Seed Fe concentration in field pea samples from the field study ranged between 46-53 mg/kg with a mean of 51 mg/kg. Mean concentrations of the food matrix factors in those field peas were as follows: phytic acid=5.1 mg/g, xanthophyll=17.3 mg/100 g, canthaxanthin=86.8 mg/100 g, beta-carotene=516.8 ?g/100 g, kestose=1697 mg/100g, quercetin=54.3 mg/100 g, and ferulic acid=46.9 mg/100 g. DS Admiral and CDC Golden showed high concentrations of Fe promoter compounds and low concentrations of phytic acid. DS Admiral showed high Fe uptake with increasing Fe fertilizer rates in the greenhouse study. Therefore, DS Admiral and CDC Golden could be potential field pea genotypes for future Fe biofortification efforts.
49
Cruz, Rodrigo Danelon da. "Avaliação da deficiência de ferro durante o processo gestacional e sua relação com o consumo alimentar e a suplementação com ferro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-05042010-163741/.
Full textAbstract:
A deficiência de ferro e anemia ferropriva são problemas de ordem mundial. Para as mulheres no período gestacional, a preocupação com o estado do ferro no organismo deve ser ainda maior, pois a deficiência desse elemento pode causar prejuízo na formação dos bebês. O objetivo do projeto é avaliar a evolução da freqüência de deficiência de ferro e anemia ferropriva e os parâmetros de ferro no organismo de mulheres grávidas durante toda a gestação e relacionar com dados da dieta e suplementação de ferro. Também avaliamos os dados sócio-demográficos e nutricionais maternos, além dos parâmetros de ferro, com o peso dos seus recém nascidos. Participaram do estudo 183 gestantes, 103 terminaram o protocolo e das quais foram colhidas amostras de sangue nas idades gestacionais de 16, 28 e 36 semanas. Para avaliação nutricional foram aplicados três inquéritos recordatórios de 24 horas no dia da coleta. Foram realizadas as determinações de ferro sérico, saturação de transferrina, ferritina sérica, capacidade total de ligação ao ferro (CTLF) e concentração sérica do receptor de transferrina (sTfR), além da dosagem da concentração de hemoglobina. As gestantes foram classificadas em seis grupos conforme a suplementação com ferro em cada idade gestacional: as mulheres que não utilizaram essa suplementação foram incluídas no grupo 1 (N=21); enquanto as participantes que fizeram o uso de suplementação em todas as idades gestacionais, até 16 semanas de gravidez e com 28 e 36 semanas de gestação foram incluídas nos grupos 2 (N= 17), 3 (N=12) e 4 (N=24), respectivamente. Os outros 2 grupos foram constituídos por mulheres que utilizaram a suplementação somente com 28 semanas de gestação (Grupo 5, N= 19) e com 36 semanas de gestação (grupo 6 , N= 10). Não houve correlação entre os consumo de ferro da dieta e os parâmetros que avaliam o estado do ferro no sangue. Houve aumento da freqüência de deficiência de ferro em todos os grupos estudados, mas não ocorreu aumento da freqüência de anemia e nem anemia ferropriva.Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia are worldwilde problems. For women during pregnancy, concern about the iron status should be even higher, because the iron deficiency may impair the formation of newborn. The objectives of this work was evaluate the frequency of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia and iron status markers of pregnant women during pregnancy and correlate with diet intake and iron supplementation. We also assess the socio-demographic, maternal nutrition and iron status with birth weight of their newborns. The study included 183 women, 103 completed the protocol. Blood samples was collected at gestational ages of 16, 28 and 36 weeks. Nutrient intake was assessed by 24 hour dietary recall applied at the same time of blood samples. We analyzed serum iron, transferrin saturation, serum ferritin, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), serum transferrin receptor (sTfR), and hemoglobin. Patients were classified into six groups according to iron supplementation: women who did not use this supplement were included in group 1 (N = 21), while the participants who made use of supplementation in all gestational ages, up to 16 weeks of gestation, in 28 and 36 weeks of gestation were included in group 2 (N = 17), 3 (N = 12) and 4 (N = 24), respectively. The other 2 groups consisted of women who used supplement in 28 weeks of gestation (Group 5, N = 19) and 36 weeks of gestation (group 6, N = 10). There was no correlationship between diet intake of iron and iron status markers. The frequencies of iron deficiency increased during pregnancy in all groups , however the frequencies of anemia and iron deficiency anemia did not.
50
Rasband, Jackie R. Kordas Katarzyna. "Does iron deficiency make you sleepy? evidence from infants on Pemba Island, Zanzibar /." [University Park, Pa.] : Pennsylvania State University, 2009. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/PSUonlyIndex/ETD-4839/index.html.
Full text