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Journal articles on the topic 'Iron deficiency'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 April 2025

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1

Andreichev, Nail' A., and Larisa V. Baleyeva. "IRON DEFICIENCY AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine 2, no. 3 (2010): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2009.2(3).60-65.

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2

Roganović, Jelena. "PARENTERAL IRON THERAPY IN CHILDREN WITH IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Paediatrics Today 11, no. 1 (March 15, 2015): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5457/p2005-114.106.

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3

Haruni, Marsela. "Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia Prevalence in School Children (6-10 Years) in Tirana, Albania." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 11, no. 6 (June 5, 2022): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr22604010428.

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4

Khalid, Jawaria, Muhammed Mehboob Ahmed, Misbah Khalid, Muhammad Asghar Butt, and Khalid Mahmood Akhtar. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA;." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 04 (April 8, 2018): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4623.

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5

Camaschella, Clara. "Iron deficiency." Blood 133, no. 1 (January 3, 2019): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-05-815944.

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Abstract Iron deficiency anemia affects >1.2 billions individuals worldwide, and iron deficiency in the absence of anemia is even more frequent. Total-body (absolute) iron deficiency is caused by physiologically increased iron requirements in children, adolescents, young and pregnant women, by reduced iron intake, or by pathological defective absorption or chronic blood loss. Adaptation to iron deficiency at the tissue level is controlled by iron regulatory proteins to increase iron uptake and retention; at the systemic level, suppression of the iron hormone hepcidin increases iron release to plasma by absorptive enterocytes and recycling macrophages. The diagnosis of absolute iron deficiency is easy unless the condition is masked by inflammatory conditions. All cases of iron deficiency should be assessed for treatment and underlying cause. Special attention is needed in areas endemic for malaria and other infections to avoid worsening of infection by iron treatment. Ongoing efforts aim at optimizing iron salts–based therapy by protocols of administration based on the physiology of hepcidin control and reducing the common adverse effects of oral iron. IV iron, especially last-generation compounds administered at high doses in single infusions, is becoming an effective alternative in an increasing number of conditions because of a more rapid and persistent hematological response and acceptable safety profile. Risks/benefits of the different treatments should be weighed in a personalized therapeutic approach to iron deficiency.

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Shohail, Hussain Md, Milan Kumar Taye, Long Teron, Nikhil Ranjan Rajkhowa, Mohsina Ahmed, and Muslima Firdaus Khan. "Oral iron versus intravenous iron therapy in moderate iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy." New Indian Journal of OBGYN 10, no. 1 (August 2023): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/obgyn.2023.10.1.29.

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7

Arthur, C. K., and J. P. Isbister. "Iron Deficiency." Drugs 33, no. 2 (February 1987): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198733020-00005.

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8

Baynes, R. D., and T. H. Bothwell. "Iron Deficiency." Annual Review of Nutrition 10, no. 1 (July 1990): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nu.10.070190.001025.

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9

&NA;. "Iron Deficiency." Nurse Practitioner 23, no. 8 (August 1998): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006205-199808000-00016.

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10

Lawrence, G. W., J. Sheridan, L. Young, O. Miller, V. Tye, J. Montgomery, and A. Clague. "Iron deficiency." Medical Journal of Australia 157, no. 6 (September 1992): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb137294.x.

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Marshall, Glenn. "Iron deficiency." Medical Journal of Australia 157, no. 6 (September 1992): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb137295.x.

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12

Scrimshaw, Nevin S. "Iron Deficiency." Scientific American 265, no. 4 (October 1991): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1091-46.

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13

McCook, Alison. "Iron Deficiency." Scientific American 285, no. 5 (November 2001): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1101-29.

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14

Pettit, Katrina, Jennifer Rowley, and Nick Brown. "Iron deficiency." Paediatrics and Child Health 21, no. 8 (August 2011): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2011.03.006.

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15

Schrier, S. "Iron Deficiency." ASH Image Bank 2002, no. 0402 (April 2, 2002): 100325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/ashimagebank-2002-100325.

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16

Nilsson-Ehle, Herman. "Iron Deficiency." Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences 95, no. 3 (January 1990): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03009739009178591.

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17

Wilimas, Judith A. "Iron deficiency." Pediatric Blood & Cancer 48, no. 5 (May 2007): 491–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21135.

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18

Malinowski, A. Kinga, and Ally Murji. "Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy." Canadian Medical Association Journal 193, no. 29 (July 25, 2021): E1137—E1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.210007.

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19

Coad, Jane, and Kevin Pedley. "Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in women." Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 74, sup244 (August 2014): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365513.2014.936694.

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20

Percy, Laura, Diana Mansour, and Ian Fraser. "Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia in women." Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology 40 (April 2017): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2016.09.007.

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21

Smith, Joseph E., JoAnn E. Cipriano, Richard DeBowes, and Kateri Moore. "Iron deficiency and pseudo-iron deficiency in hospitalized horses." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 188, no. 3 (February 1, 1986): 285–87. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.1986.188.03.285.

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SUMMARY Values for serum ferritin, serum iron, and serum total-iron binding capacity were determined in 100 hospitalized horses. Six foals had iron deficiency, as indicated by low serum ferritin and iron concentrations. Twenty-eight horses had low serum iron content and normal or high serum ferritin content and were considered to have pseudo-iron deficiency, possibly in response to infection. Ten horses had serum ferritin concentrations that were quite high, probably indicating iron overload.

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22

Scotté, Florian, Kamel Laribi, Christian Gisselbrecht, Dominique Spaeth, Emna Kasdaghli, Hélène Albrand, Eric Leutenegger, and Isabelle Ray-Coquard. "Epoetin Alfa Biosimilar Treatment for Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia in Current Oncology and Hematology Practice: An Iron Supplementation Subanalysis of the Synergy Study." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 3363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3363.3363.

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Abstract Background Recommendations on erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) for the management of chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) are well established (Schrijvers D et al. Ann Oncol 2010;21[suppl 5]:v244-7). Iron supplementation can further improve treatment response of CIA, particularly in the case of iron deficiency (Pedrazzoli P et al. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:1619-25; Auerbach M et al. J Clin Oncol 2004;22:1301-7), but is under-used. Objective To evaluate the effect of epoetin alfa biosimilar, with or without iron, on CIA in current oncology and hematology practice. Methods SYNERGY was an observational, longitudinal, prospective, multicenter study conducted in France, from a representative, random sample of oncologists and hematologists. Patients of these clinicians were aged ≥18 years with solid tumors, lymphoma and/or myeloma and CIA, eligible for treatment with epoetin alfa biosimilar and followed for 12-16 weeks. A subanalysis describing the treatment response to epoetin alfa biosimilar in patients with/without iron supplementation and their target hemoglobin (Hb) levels is presented here. Results Overall, 2167 patients were enrolled by 195 French oncologists/hematologists during June 2012-December 2014. The analysis included 2076 patients, of whom half were male. At inclusion, mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 67±12 years and 75.7% (n=1517) of patients had a World Health Organization performance status of 0 or 1. Most patients had not received any blood transfusions (90.0%, n=1867) or ESAs (93.1%, n=1932) in the year before the inclusion visit. A total of 31.6% (n=655) patients received iron supplementation, of whom 58.9% (n=386) received intravenous (IV) iron, 40.5% (n=265) had oral iron and 0.6% (n=4) were prescribed both oral and IV iron. An iron status assessment was more common in patients who were given iron supplementation, while over a third of patients who did not have an iron status were prescribed iron (Table). At follow-up, over 70% of patients had a maximum Hb level above 11 g/dL, regardless of iron status (Table). For patients with and without added iron, the mean change in Hb level was 2.26 g/dL and 2.22 g/dL at maximum during the study and 1.71±1.52 g/dL and 1.59±1.60 g/dL at final visit, respectively. Iron status results were used to define patients as having absolute iron deficiency (coefficient of saturation of transferrin [CST] <20% and ferritin <100 μg/100 mL), functional iron deficiency (CST <20% and ferritin ≥100 µg/100 mL) or no deficiency (CST ≥20%). The majority of patients with no iron supplementation had no deficiency compared with a minority of patients with iron supplementation (Table). Patients with absolute iron deficiency given iron supplementation responded better to epoetin alfa biosimilar (increase of ≥1 g/dL since enrollment or increase of ≥2 g/dL, in the absence of transfusion in the 3 previous weeks) than those not given iron supplementation (74.5% vs 65.5%, p=0.403). Similar results were observed for patients with added IV iron. Table 1.Iron supplementationNo iron supplementationIron status assessed; n (%) No Yesn=655 259 (39.5) 396 (60.5)n=1421 743 (52.3) 678 (47.7)Hb levels (g/dL) at inclusion; mean ± SDn=655 9.57±0.7n=1421 9.62±0.7Maximum Hb value (g/dL) reached during study in patients who completed the study; n (%)n=593n=1280≤9 g/dL13 (2.2)16 (1.3)9-11 g/dL157 (26.5)340 (26.5)≥11 g/dL423 (71.4)924 (72.2)Maximum change in Hb value; mean g/dL ± SD, in patients who completed studyn=593 2.22±1.4n=1280 2.26±1.4Association of epoetin alfa biosimilar use* and iron deficiency; n (%)Absolute iron deficiency49 (62.0)30 (38.0)Functional iron deficiency182 (56.5)140 (43.5)No iron deficiency88 (18.6)384 (81.4)Responder to epoetin alfa biosimilar*; n (%)Absolute iron deficiency35 (74.5; p=0.403)19 (65.5)Functional iron deficiency109 (68.1; p=0.958)78 (67.8)No iron deficiency56 (69.1; p=0.489)251 (73.0)*During the first or second chemotherapy cycle after inclusionHb, hemoglobin; SD, standard deviation Conclusions Overall, these results provide real-life evidence that epoetin alfa biosimilar was effective in treating anemia. Iron supplementation improved the response to epoetin alfa biosimilar in patients with an absolute iron deficiency, suggesting that iron status can be used to optimize treatment of patients with CIA with ESAs and iron supplementation. Disclosures Scotté: Hospira SAS: Research Funding. Laribi:Hospira SAS: Research Funding. Gisselbrecht:Bertram Glass: Research Funding; Chugai Pharmaceutical: Research Funding; Baxter: Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding; Hospira SAS: Research Funding. Spaeth:Hospira SAS: Research Funding. Kasdaghli:Hospira: Employment. Albrand:Hospira: Employment. Leutenegger:GECEM: Employment; Hospira SAS: Research Funding. Ray-Coquard:PharmaMar: Consultancy, Other: Paid instructor; Roche: Consultancy, Other: Paid instructor; Amgen: Consultancy, Other: Paid instructor; Hospira SAS: Research Funding.

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23

Modi, Dr Akshay, Dr Nirmam Dr. Nirmam, and Dr Noopur Dr. Noopur. "Effect of Iron Sucrose Infusion in Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 10 (October 1, 2011): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/oct2013/108.

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24

Pollitt, Ernesto. "Iron Deficiency and Educational Deficiency." Nutrition Reviews 55, no. 4 (April 27, 2009): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1997.tb06464.x.

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25

Percy, Laura, and Diana Mansour. "Iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anaemia in women's health." Obstetrician & Gynaecologist 19, no. 2 (April 2017): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tog.12368.

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26

Camaschella, Clara. "New insights into iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia." Blood Reviews 31, no. 4 (July 2017): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2017.02.004.

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27

Ergul, Ayse Betul, Cem Turanoglu, Cigdem Karakukcu, Serap Karaman, and Yasemin Altuner Torun. "Increased Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children with Zinc Deficiency." Eurasian Journal of Medicine 50, no. 1 (February 22, 2018): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.17237.

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28

Pardede, Paul Wiratama, Endang Windiastuti, and Bambang Tridjaja. "Academic achievement of elementary school-aged children with pre-anemic iron-deficiency." Paediatrica Indonesiana 49, no. 4 (August 31, 2009): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi49.4.2009.209-13.

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Background Relationship between iron deficiency andcognitive function has been investigated in many studies, butthey usually focused on iron deficiency anemia. Brain ironstorage might have already decreased before anemia exist.Objectives To investigate the prevalence of pre-anemic irondeficiencyin school-aged children and to determine whetherthis condition is a risk factor for low academic achievement.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 87 subjectsof znd,6th grade in SDN 04 Petang, Kramat, Senen, Jakartaon August 2008. The subjects underwent peripheral bloodand ferritin serum concentration examinations. Twentyninesubjects who suffered from anemia were excluded. Theremaining 58 subjects were classified into normal body ironstatus group and preanemic iron-deficiency group.Results The prevalence of pre-anemic iron-deficiency in SDN04 Petang, Kramat was 6%. The prevalence ratio to determinewhether pre-anemic iron-deficiency was a risk factor for lowacademic achievement could not be calculated because theminimal sample number required was not reached. There wasno relationship between pre-anemic iron-deficiency and lowacademic achievement for mathematics, Indonesian language,science, and social science.Conclusions The prevalence of pre-anemic iron-deficiency inSDN 04 Petang, Kramat Senen Jakarta was 6%. This studyis not able to determine whether pre-anemic iron-deficiencyis a risk factor for low academic achievement in school-agedchildren; therefore further study with more efforts to detectthe presence of iron deficiency in children with inflammationis needed.

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De Falco, L., M. Sanchez, L. Silvestri, C. Kannengiesser, M. U. Muckenthaler, A. Iolascon, L. Gouya, C. Camaschella, and C. Beaumont. "Iron refractory iron deficiency anemia." Haematologica 98, no. 6 (May 31, 2013): 845–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2012.075515.

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30

Keskin, Ebru Yılmaz, and İdil Yenicesu. "Iron-Refractory Iron Deficiency Anemia." Turkish Journal of Hematology 32, no. 1 (March 5, 2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjh.2014.0288.

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31

Finberg, Karin E. "Iron-Refractory Iron Deficiency Anemia." Seminars in Hematology 46, no. 4 (October 2009): 378–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.seminhematol.2009.06.006.

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32

Garby, Lars. "Iron nutrition and iron deficiency." Acta Medica Scandinavica 179, S445 (April 24, 2009): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1966.tb02369.x.

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33

Jacobs, Allan, and A. V. Hoffbrand. "Iron deficiency and iron overload." Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 3, no. 2 (January 1985): 143–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1040-8428(85)80023-8.

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34

Gopchuk, O. M. "Iron deficiency anemia." HEALTH OF WOMAN, no. 9(145) (November 30, 2019): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2019.145.32.

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Iron deficiency anemia is the most common group of blood diseases in the population (80–95% of all anemias), characterized by a decrease in the number of circulating red blood cells and / or hemoglobin per unit volume of blood below normal for a given age and sex. The article deals with the role of iron in the human body, the conditions associated with its deficiency, causes, clinical symptoms, diagnosis of this pathology. Recommendations are given for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia by modern iron preparations, the advantages of using in the complex correction of heme iron deficiency, ie in hemoglobin composition, iron, which is most easily absorbed by the body, have high efficiency and no side effects. Key words: iron deficiency anemia, hemoglobin, ferritin, anemic syndrome, sideropenic syndrome, pregnancy, treatment, heme iron, non-heme iron Richter FerroBio.

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35

Farrukh, Ghazala Masood, Zainab Hasan, Samar Ikram, and Batha Tariq. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Professional Medical Journal 23, no. 09 (September 10, 2016): 1092–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2016.23.09.1704.

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Globally about two billion people suffer from anemia of various types amongstwhich Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent type. According to National NutritionSurvey of Pakistan 2011 (NNS), 50.4 % of non-pregnant females suffer from IDA, despite thefact that a variety of low cost, indigenous food sources of iron are available, affordable andaccessible in Pakistan. IDA is a risk factor for complications of pregnancy and low birth weightbaby and is also an independent cause of morbidity and mortality in all ages. Therefore thisstudy was conducted to determine the dietary patterns of iron intake in females of reproductiveage group who had IDA without any other known cause. Study Design: A cross sectionalstudy. Setting: Three tertiary care centers of Ziauddin Hospital located at Clifton, Kemari andNorth Nazimabad. Methods: Reproductive age females suffering from IDA according to theirCBC profile within three months prior to the study were selected through purposive sampling.Females taking iron supplements or with any known cause of iron deficiency were excluded.Total of 141 eligible and consenting IDA patients filled a 7 Day dietary recall questionnaireto determine the iron intake of indigenously available iron rich foods and blood sample wascollected for hematological profiles and iron studies. Results: Mean iron intake was 6.41 ±4.39 mg/day. Median heme and non heme iron intake was 8.0 mg and 28.0 mg per week,respectively. 52.4% of our study population had moderate IDA, 38.2% had pica for one or moresubstance and almost all suffered from one or more symptoms of iron deficiency. Majority ofthe population was consuming non-heme sources of iron. Conclusion: The iron consumptionfrom indigenous dietary sources is very low and contributes significantly to development of IDA.Increasing awareness regarding signs and symptoms of IDA and common dietary sources ofiron will contribute to screening, early diagnosis and correction of the iron deficit thus promotinghealth and preventing complications.

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FARHAT, RAHEELA, and DR MAHNAAZ ROOHI. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Professional Medical Journal 14, no. 02 (September 6, 2007): 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2007.14.02.4886.

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Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra venous iron sucrose(venofer) as comparedto oral iron in treatment of iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy. Study Design: Prospective study. Pregnantwomen with iron deficiency anaemia were selected from ante natal clinic. Patients were divided into two groups. GroupA: These patients were given oral iron. Group B: These patients were given intravenous sucrose. All patients wereevaluated for adverse effects, clinical and laboratory response >. Results: Intravenous group achieved a higher Hblevel in a shorter period. Group B showed no major side effects while (80%) of patients in Group A developedgastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusion: Intravenous iron sucrose is safe and effective in treatment of iron deficiencyanemia during pregnancy.

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37

Maheshwari, Nathumal, Omperkash Khemani, Bilawal Hingorjo, Mehmood Shaikh, Siri Chand, and Anjum Rehman. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 05 (May 10, 2018): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.05.304.

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Objectives: To evaluate the predictive value of Red blood cell distribution width(RDW) for the iron deficiency anemia in children. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Placeand Duration: Department of Paediatrics, Layari General Hospital Shaheed Muhtrama BenazirBhutto Medical College from December 2015 to March 2016. Methodology: A sample of 100children (53 male and 47 female) was selected through non- probability (purposive sampling). 5ml venous blood was collected, 3 ml was shifted to EDTA containing vacutainers and remainingwas processed and centrifuged to separate sera. Complete blood counts and iron profile wereperformed. Data of cases and controls was analyzed on Statistix 10.0 software (USA) (P ≤0.05).Results: Severe iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia were noted. Serum Iron, TIBC andFerritin were noted as 63.49±32.94 and 76.06±40.38 μg/dl, 468.7±142.2 and 445.5±135.2 μg/dl, & 36.2±14.12 and 43.2±13.5 ng/dl respectively. RDW proved a sensitivity and specificity of78% and 56% respectively (0.001). Conclusion: We observed severe iron deficiency anemia inchildren and Red blood cell distribution width showed high sensivity in predicting iron deficiencyanemia.

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Wikramanayake, T. W., and R. L. Jayakody. "Controlling iron deficiency." Ceylon Journal of Medical Science 42, no. 2 (December 28, 1999): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cjms.v42i2.4874.

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39

Pappas, D. E., and T. L. Cheng. "Iron Deficiency Anemia." Pediatrics in Review 19, no. 9 (September 1, 1998): 321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.19-9-321.

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Potter, Yvonne. "Iron deficiency anaemia." Nursing Standard 27, no. 23 (February 6, 2013): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2013.02.27.23.59.p10441.

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Baird-Gunning, Jonathan, and Jonathan Bromley. "Correcting iron deficiency." Australian Prescriber 39, no. 6 (December 5, 2016): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2016.069.

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John, Swapana, and Dr Prakash Chand Sharma. "Iron Deficiency Anemia." International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research 05, no. 01 (2021): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51505/ijmshr.2021.5107.

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Maheshwari, Nathumal, Omperkash Khemani, Bilawal Hingorjo, Mehmood Shaikh, Sirichand, and Anjum Rehman. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 05 (May 7, 2018): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4348.

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Kishwar, Farzana, Tahira Ashraf, Islam Hanif, Asif Hanif, and Samia Kalsoom. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 09 (September 10, 2015): 1122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.09.1053.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to determine prevalence of irondeficiency anemia in children of Lahore. Study Design: Cross sectional survey. Setting:Hospitals in different areas of Lahore. Period: 3 months. Methodology: A total sample of threehundred and sixty children was taken from different areas of Lahore. Simple random samplingtechnique was used. Data collection was done by using a cross sectional survey. An informedconsent was taken from the parents of children selected for including in the study and usingtheir data for research purpose. The complete demographic information like name, age, sex,address was obtained. Venous blood samples were obtained for analysis of their hemoglobin(Hb) level. All the data collected was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results:A total of 360 children were selected for the study. The mean age of respondents was 9.87 ±2.67. Among all subjects there were 158(43.89%) male and 202 (56.1%) were female patients.The mean Hb in all subjects was 9.82 ± 3.46. The overall prevalence of iron deficiency anemiawas 224(62.2%). Among anemic patients there 101 (45%) male and 123 (55%) female patientsin this study, we found no significant association between anemia and gender, p-value >0.05.Conclusion: Prevalence of iron deficiency anemia is considerably higher in children of Lahoreunder study. We should take some defensive measure to cope with it as mathematical deficiencyaffect children’s health, mental and physical activities.

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Mansoor, Malahat, and Hammad Raza. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Professional Medical Journal 23, no. 06 (June 10, 2016): 673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2016.23.06.1606.

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Around 65% of pregnant women in South Asia suffer from IDA & in Indiansub-continent alone, the rate of developing IDA during pregnancy is 88%. Moreover anemicpregnant patients are more likely to give birth to low birth weight babies which itself is anotherfactor adding to socio-economic burden on the whole family. The food has not been fortified forIron, Zinc & Vitamin D & hence the prevention of anemia has not yet been achieved Objectives:To study Awareness of women about food fortification & prevention of IDA Vs cost for treatinganemia. Period: August 2015-Dec 2015. Study Design: Observational Study. Settings: At BhattiInternational Hospital, Kasur Results: Among the selected anemic women, almost half (55%)had mild anemia, while rest had moderate to severe anemia indicting that the prevalence is verycommon. The treatment offered was oral &/or IV Iron with blood transfusions. The cost of iv Irontherapy & blood transfusions estimates in thousands with added risks of Transfusion Reactions,allergic reactions& transmission of blood-borne diseases like HCV,HBV,HIV(AIDS)&others. Theawareness level was found to be poor among these women .Only 8/60 i.e 13% had someidea about iron deficiency anemia & almost none knew about food fortifications. The insightabout their own disease of IDA was also 35% (21/60) indicating that most of the women incommunity live with IDA without any understanding of a preventable condition. Conclusion:The cost & time spend to treat IDA can be minimizes creating awareness about food fortification& supplementation.

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SIDDIQUI, SAEED, ATIF SITWAT HAYAT, M. KHALID SIDDIQUI, Naila Atif, and Hamayun Shah. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA:." Professional Medical Journal 19, no. 02 (February 22, 2012): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2012.19.02.1998.

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Objectives: To estimate the frequency of iron deficiency anemia in a sample of population of pregnant women residingpermanently at high altitude of ≥5000 feet in different areas of district Abbottabad. Study Design: Cross sectional Study. Place & duration ofStudy: Northern Institute of Medical Sciences Abbottabad: From 17 August 2009 to 15 June 2010. Subjects and Methods: This study wascarried out on hundred pregnant women residing permanently at an altitude of ≥5000 feet above sea level in district Abbottabad. The agerange was fixed to 15-45 (child bearing age ) years. Suspected study participants having anemia were tested for iron status by serum ferritintest. Pregnant women having both anemia and iron deficiency were labeled as patients of Iron deficiency anemia. Results: The age range was15-41 years with a mean of + / - SD of 28.13 + / - 6.61. All women were of low and middle socioeconomic class with 74 % illiteracy. 60 % of womenhad birth spacing of two or less than two years. 64 % of pregnant women had three children. Anemia was detected in 74 % (X2 =9.42 p > 0.05),iron deficiency in 66 % (X2 = 14.76 p <0.01) and iron deficiency anemia in 60 % (X2 = 13.56 p < 0.01). Conclusions: High altitude residentpregnant women remain at high risk of developing iron deficiency anemia because of illiteracy, poverty and ignorance. With adequate nutritionand health education the problem can be addressed effectively.

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AHMED, SHAHEEN, Salman Ali, NAEEM FAREED, Mehboob Sultan, NADEEM SADIQ, and Umar Khurshid. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Professional Medical Journal 16, no. 02 (June 10, 2009): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2009.16.02.2903.

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t r o d u c t i o n : The adherence to treatment of iron deficiency anemia often is poor in both developed and developingcountries. The current standard therapy is oral ferrous sulfate administered 3 times daily. It is possible that adherence would improve witha single-dose daily treatment regimen. O b j e c t i v e s : To compare single versus thrice daily ferrous sulfate for treatment of iron deficiencyanemia in young children. D e s i g n : Quasi experimental study Setting: Children Department Military Hospital Rawalpindi. P e r i o d : From (01Jan- to31 Mar 05 and 03 Jul to 02 Oct 05) Subjects and Methods: Total 250 patients of iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin values: 7.0to 9.9 gm/dl and serum ferritin values: 10 ng/ml or less) were identified. Children divided into two groups and matched on the basis of age;and gender. One group (n = 125) received ferrous sulfate once daily and the control group (n = 125) received ferrous sulfate thrice dailyat a total dose of 6 mg/kg/day of elemental iron for 2 months. Hemoglobin and serum ferritin values were measured as baseline and at theend of the study. R e s u l t s : Successful treatment of anemia (target hemoglobin > 10 gm/dl) occurred in 81.42 % of the single dose and in79.83 % of thrice daily dose groups and the side effects were minimal between the two groups. Conclusion: A single versus a 3 times dailydose of ferrous sulfate resulted in a similar rate of successful treatment of iron deficiency anemia, without significant side effects.

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IRSHAD, GHAZALA, SAGHIR AHMAD JAFRI, SAMINA KOUSAR, and Irshad Ali. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Professional Medical Journal 18, no. 03 (September 10, 2011): 475–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.03.2370.

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Anemia is very common especially in developing countries and in Pakistan 70-80% of pregnant population is suffering from iron deficiency anemia. Ferritin is intracellular globular iron storage protein. The low level of ferritin indicates lack of iron that may lead to anemia and its high values may indicate iron overload. Objective: To determine the incidence of anemia on the basis of ferritin in three socioeconomic groups i.e. poor, middle and upper class and in three trimesters of pregnancy. Materials & Methods: Total 45 pregnant females were selected and divided in three categories of poor, middle, and upper class based on their socioeconomic status. Serum ferritin levels were measured by ELISA method. Results & Conclusions: Total mean serum ferritin (ng/ml) level were found to be 18.5± 3.5, 14.6± 3.0, 14.7± 3.6 in first, second and third trimesters respectively. Serum ferritin was very low in all three socioeconomic groups and it was lowest in poor class as compare to middle and upper class. It was concluded that serum ferritin is a good and reliable marker for detection of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy as compared to hemoglobin.

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SABAH, SHEZADI, MUSARAT RAMZAN, and IRUM FATIMA. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Professional Medical Journal 17, no. 04 (December 10, 2010): 686–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2010.17.04.3025.

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To determine the frequency of different causes of iron deficiency anemia in female patients of reproductive age group. 2) To determine the association between lack of balanced diet and iron deficiency anemia. Design: cross-sectional analytical study. Setting: Federal government services hospital, Islamabad. Period: From July 2008 to November 2008. Material and Methods: The study included female patients of reproductive age group i.e. 15-49 years of age having hemoglobin less than 11.5g/dl. The sampling technique was purposive. The data was analyzed using Microsoft excel 2000 and SPSS 10.0. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the direction of relationship between total nutritional score and level of hemoglobin; student’s t-test was used to determine the significance of association. A pvalue of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A positive correlation was observed between total nutritional score and level of hemoglobin (r = 0.402, p-value = 0.008). Correlation between animal protein and level of hemoglobin was 0.438 (p-value = 0.004) while between plant protein and level of hemoglobin was 0.211 (p-value = 0.179). Conclusions: It is concluded that there is a definite role of nutritional deprivation in the development of iron deficiency anemia. Lack of balanced diet especially protein group has much stronger association with thistype of anemia. Animal protein as compared to plant protein has strong association with the development of iron deficiency anemia.

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Pappas, Diane E. "Iron Deficiency Anemia." Pediatrics In Review 19, no. 9 (September 1, 1998): 321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.19.9.321.

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