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Journal articles on the topic 'Iron – Physiological transport'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Duck, Kari A., and James R. Connor. "Iron uptake and transport across physiological barriers." BioMetals 29, no. 4 (July 25, 2016): 573–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10534-016-9952-2.

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2

Li, Shuang, Yihu Yang, and Weikai Li. "Human ferroportin mediates proton-coupled active transport of iron." Blood Advances 4, no. 19 (October 2, 2020): 4758–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001864.

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Abstract As the sole iron exporter in humans, ferroportin controls systemic iron homeostasis through exporting iron into the blood plasma. The molecular mechanism of how ferroportin exports iron under various physiological settings remains unclear. Here we found that purified ferroportin incorporated into liposomes preferentially transports Fe2+ and exhibits lower affinities of transporting other divalent metal ions. The iron transport by ferroportin is facilitated by downhill proton gradients at the same direction. Human ferroportin is also capable of transporting protons, and this activity i

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3

Venkidusamy, Krishnaveni, Mallavarapu Megharaj, Uwe Schröder, Fouad Karouta, S. Venkata Mohan, and Ravi Naidu. "Electron transport through electrically conductive nanofilaments in Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain RP2." RSC Advances 5, no. 122 (2015): 100790–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra08742b.

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The study demonstrates the physiological induction of electrically conductive nanofilaments from a metabolically versatile, iron(iii) respiring, photosynthetic bacteriumRhodopseudomonas palustrisstrain RP2.

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4

Li, Jingwei, and J. A. Cowan. "Glutathione-coordinated [2Fe–2S] cluster: a viable physiological substrate for mitochondrial ABCB7 transport." Chemical Communications 51, no. 12 (2015): 2253–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc09175b.

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5

Zhang, Xinxin, Di Zhang, Wei Sun, and Tianzuo Wang. "The Adaptive Mechanism of Plants to Iron Deficiency via Iron Uptake, Transport, and Homeostasis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 10 (May 16, 2019): 2424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102424.

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Iron is an essential element for plant growth and development. While abundant in soil, the available Fe in soil is limited. In this regard, plants have evolved a series of mechanisms for efficient iron uptake, allowing plants to better adapt to iron deficient conditions. These mechanisms include iron acquisition from soil, iron transport from roots to shoots, and iron storage in cells. The mobilization of Fe in plants often occurs via chelating with phytosiderophores, citrate, nicotianamine, mugineic acid, or in the form of free iron ions. Recent work further elucidates that these genes’ respo

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6

Hunt, Janet R. "Dietary and Physiological Factors That Affect the Absorption and Bioavailability of Iron." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 75, no. 6 (November 1, 2005): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.75.6.375.

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Iron deficiency, a global health problem, impairs reproductive performance, cognitive development, and work capacity. One proposed strategy to address this problem is the improvement of dietary iron bioavailability. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of iron absorption is growing rapidly, with identification of mucosal iron transport and regulatory proteins. Both body iron status and dietary characteristics substantially influence iron absorption, with minimal interaction between these two factors. Iron availability can be regarded mainly as a characteristic of the diet, but comparisons bet

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7

Gulec, Sukru, Gregory J. Anderson, and James F. Collins. "Mechanistic and regulatory aspects of intestinal iron absorption." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 307, no. 4 (August 15, 2014): G397—G409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00348.2013.

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Iron is an essential trace mineral that plays a number of important physiological roles in humans, including oxygen transport, energy metabolism, and neurotransmitter synthesis. Iron absorption by the proximal small bowel is a critical checkpoint in the maintenance of whole-body iron levels since, unlike most other essential nutrients, no regulated excretory systems exist for iron in humans. Maintaining proper iron levels is critical to avoid the adverse physiological consequences of either low or high tissue iron concentrations, as commonly occurs in iron-deficiency anemia and hereditary hemo

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8

Kitphati, Worawan, Patchara Ngok-ngam, Sukanya Suwanmaneerat, Rojana Sukchawalit, and Skorn Mongkolsuk. "Agrobacterium tumefaciens fur Has Important Physiological Roles in Iron and Manganese Homeostasis, the Oxidative Stress Response, and Full Virulence." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 15 (June 1, 2007): 4760–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00531-07.

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ABSTRACT In Agrobacterium tumefaciens, the balance between acquiring enough iron and avoiding iron-induced toxicity is regulated in part by Fur (ferric uptake regulator). A fur mutant was constructed to address the physiological role of the regulator. Atypically, the mutant did not show alterations in the levels of siderophore biosynthesis and the expression of iron transport genes. However, the fur mutant was more sensitive than the wild type to an iron chelator, 2,2′-dipyridyl, and was also more resistant to an iron-activated antibiotic, streptonigrin, suggesting that Fur has a role in regul

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9

Froschauer, Elisabeth M., Nicole Rietzschel, Melanie R. Hassler, Markus Binder, Rudolf J. Schweyen, Roland Lill, Ulrich Mühlenhoff, and Gerlinde Wiesenberger. "The mitochondrial carrier Rim2 co-imports pyrimidine nucleotides and iron." Biochemical Journal 455, no. 1 (September 13, 2013): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20130144.

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Mitochondrial iron uptake is of key importance both for organelle function and cellular iron homoeostasis. The mitochondrial carrier family members Mrs3 and Mrs4 (homologues of vertebrate mitoferrin) function in organellar iron supply, yet other low efficiency transporters may exist. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, overexpression of RIM2 (MRS12) encoding a mitochondrial pyrimidine nucleotide transporter can overcome the iron-related phenotypes of strains lacking both MRS3 and MRS4. In the present study we show by in vitro transport studies that Rim2 mediates the transport of iron and other divale

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10

Meynard, Delphine, Jodie L. Babitt, and Herbert Y. Lin. "The liver: conductor of systemic iron balance." Blood 123, no. 2 (January 9, 2014): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2013-06-427757.

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Abstract Iron is a micronutrient essential for almost all organisms: bacteria, plants, and animals. It is a metal that exists in multiple redox states, including the divalent ferrous (Fe2+) and the trivalent ferric (Fe3+) species. The multiple oxidation states of iron make it excellent for electron transfer, allowing iron to be selected during evolution as a cofactor for many proteins involved in central cellular processes including oxygen transport, mitochondrial respiration, and DNA synthesis. However, the redox cycling of ferrous and ferric iron in the presence of H2O2, which is physiologic

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11

Vigani, Gianpiero, ï¿½dï¿½m Solti, Sï¿½bastien Thomine, and Katrin Philippar. "Essential and Detrimental — an Update on Intracellular Iron Trafficking and Homeostasis." Plant and Cell Physiology 60, no. 7 (May 15, 2019): 1420–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcz091.

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Abstract Chloroplasts, mitochondria and vacuoles represent characteristic organelles of the plant cell, with a predominant function in cellular metabolism. Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis and therefore basic and essential for photoautotrophic growth of plants. Mitochondria produce energy during respiration and vacuoles act as internal waste and storage compartments. Moreover, chloroplasts and mitochondria are sites for the biosynthesis of various compounds of primary and secondary metabolism. For photosynthesis and energy generation, the internal membranes of chloroplasts and mitoc

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12

Zeller, Tanja, Oleg V. Moskvin, Kuanyu Li, Gabriele Klug, and Mark Gomelsky. "Transcriptome and Physiological Responses to Hydrogen Peroxide of the Facultatively Phototrophic Bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 21 (November 1, 2005): 7232–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.21.7232-7242.2005.

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ABSTRACT The transcriptome responses to hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, of the facultatively phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides grown under semiaerobic conditions were investigated. At 7 min after the addition of 1 mM H2O2, the expression of approximately 9% of all genes (total, 394) was changed reliably by at least twofold. At 30 min, the number of genes (total, 88) and the magnitude of expression changes were much lower, indicating rapid recovery from stress. Two types of responses were observed: (i) an H2O2 stress response per se and (ii) a shift to high-oxygen metabolism. The former r

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13

Ollinger, Juliane, Kyung-Bok Song, Haike Antelmann, Michael Hecker, and John D. Helmann. "Role of the Fur Regulon in Iron Transport in Bacillus subtilis." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 10 (May 15, 2006): 3664–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.188.10.3664-3673.2006.

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ABSTRACT The Bacillus subtilis ferric uptake regulator (Fur) protein mediates the iron-dependent repression of at least 20 operons encoding ∼40 genes. We investigated the physiological roles of Fur-regulated genes by the construction of null mutations in 14 transcription units known or predicted to function in siderophore biosynthesis or iron uptake. We demonstrate that ywbLMN, encoding an elemental iron uptake system orthologous to the copper oxidase-dependent Fe(III) uptake system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is essential for growth in low iron minimal medium lacking citric acid. 2,3-Dihydro

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14

Rafii, Bijan, Chris Coutinho, Gail Otulakowski, and Hugh O'Brodovich. "Oxygen induction of epithelial Na+ transport requires heme proteins." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 278, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): L399—L406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.2000.278.2.l399.

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Fetal distal lung epithelial (FDLE) cells exposed to a postnatal O2 concentration of 21% have higher epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) mRNA levels and Na+ transport relative to FDLE cells grown in a fetal O2 concentration of 3%. To investigate the mechanism of this process, FDLE monolayers were initially cultured in 3% O2, and then some were switched to a 21% O2environment. Incubation of FDLE cells with the iron chelator deferoxamine, CoCl2, NiCl2, or an inhibitor of heme synthesis prevented or diminished the O2induction of amiloride-sensitive short-circuit current in FDLE cells. Similarly, defer-

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15

Schaedler, Theresia A., Belinda Faust, Chitra A. Shintre, Elisabeth P. Carpenter, Vasundara Srinivasan, Hendrik W. van Veen, and Janneke Balk. "Structures and functions of mitochondrial ABC transporters." Biochemical Society Transactions 43, no. 5 (October 1, 2015): 943–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20150118.

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A small number of physiologically important ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are found in mitochondria. Most are half transporters of the B group forming homodimers and their topology suggests they function as exporters. The results of mutant studies point towards involvement in iron cofactor biosynthesis. In particular, ABC subfamily B member 7 (ABCB7) and its homologues in yeast and plants are required for iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster biosynthesis outside of the mitochondria, whereas ABCB10 is involved in haem biosynthesis. They also play a role in preventing oxidative stress. Mutations

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16

Станіслав Видиборець та Дмитро Борисенко. "ГЕПСИДИН, ТРАНСФЕРИН, ФЕРИТИН: ФІЗІОЛОГІЧНА РОЛЬ ЯК ЦЕНТРАЛЬНИХ РЕГУЛЯТОРІВ ОБМІНУ ЗАЛІЗА В ОРГАНІЗМІ". Science Review, № 10(27) (30 грудня 2019): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_sr/30122019/6862.

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The knowledge about mammalian iron metabolism has advanced dramatically over the past decades. Studies of genetics, biochemistry and molecular biology allowed us the identification and characterization of many of the molecules involved in regulation of iron homeostasis. Important progresses were made after the discovery in 2000 of a small peptide – hepsidin – that has been proved to play a central role in orchestration on iron metabolism also providing a link between iron metabolism and inflammation and innate immunity. Hepsidin directly interacts with ferroportin, the only known mammalian iro

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17

Lee, Jennifer K., Jung-Heun Ha, and James F. Collins. "Dietary Iron Intake in Excess of Requirements Impairs Intestinal Copper Absorption in Sprague Dawley Rat Dams, Causing Copper Deficiency in Suckling Pups." Biomedicines 9, no. 4 (March 27, 2021): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9040338.

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Physiologically relevant iron-copper interactions have been frequently documented. For example, excess enteral iron inhibits copper absorption in laboratory rodents and humans. Whether this also occurs during pregnancy and lactation, when iron supplementation is frequently recommended, is, however, unknown. Here, the hypothesis that high dietary iron will perturb copper homeostasis in pregnant and lactating dams and their pups was tested. We utilized a rat model of iron-deficiency/iron supplementation during pregnancy and lactation to assess this possibility. Rat dams were fed low-iron diets e

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18

Khan, Ali G., Stephen R. Shouldice, Shane D. Kirby, Rong-hua Yu, Leslie W. Tari, and Anthony B. Schryvers. "High-affinity binding by the periplasmic iron-binding protein from Haemophilus influenzae is required for acquiring iron from transferrin." Biochemical Journal 404, no. 2 (May 14, 2007): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20070110.

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The periplasmic iron-binding protein, FbpA (ferric-ion-binding protein A), performs an essential role in iron acquisition from transferrin in Haemophilus influenzae. A series of site-directed mutants in the metal-binding amino acids of FbpA were prepared to determine their relative contribution to iron binding and transport. Structural studies demonstrated that the mutant proteins crystallized in an open conformation with the iron atom associated with the C-terminal domain. The iron-binding properties of the mutant proteins were assessed by several assays, including a novel competitive iron-bi

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19

Kariuki, Stijlemans, and Magez. "The Trypanosomal Transferrin Receptor of Trypanosoma Brucei—A Review." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed4040126.

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Iron is an essential element for life. Its uptake and utility requires a careful balancing with its toxic capacity, with mammals evolving a safe and bio-viable means of its transport and storage. This transport and storage is also utilized as part of the iron-sequestration arsenal employed by the mammalian hosts’ ‘nutritional immunity’ against parasites. Interestingly, a key element of iron transport, i.e., serum transferrin (Tf), is an essential growth factor for parasitic haemo-protozoans of the genus Trypanosoma. These are major mammalian parasites causing the diseases human African trypano

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20

Potashnik, R., N. Kozlovsky, S. Ben-Ezra, A. Rudich, and N. Bashan. "Regulation of glucose transport and GLUT-1 expression by iron chelators in muscle cells in culture." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 269, no. 6 (December 1, 1995): E1052—E1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1995.269.6.e1052.

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Possible association between the degree of iron load and glucose metabolism has been postulated by both in vivo and in vitro studies. Because skeletal muscle plays a major role in whole body glucose utilization, we evaluated the effect of iron chelators deferoxamine (DFO) and bipyridyl (Bip) on glucose metabolism and transport in cultured L6 muscle cells. Bip (0.1 mM) or DFO (0.5 mM) added for 24 h to the culture medium increased glucose consumption, lactate production, and [14C]glucose incorporation into glycogen by approximately twofold. 2-Deoxy-glucose uptake by L6 myotubes increased time d

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21

Bozzi, Aaron T., Lukas B. Bane, Wilhelm A. Weihofen, Anne L. McCabe, Abhishek Singharoy, Christophe J. Chipot, Klaus Schulten, and Rachelle Gaudet. "Conserved methionine dictates substrate preference in Nramp-family divalent metal transporters." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 37 (August 29, 2016): 10310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1607734113.

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Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (Nramp) family transporters catalyze uptake of essential divalent transition metals like iron and manganese. To discriminate against abundant competitors, the Nramp metal-binding site should favor softer transition metals, which interact either covalently or ionically with coordinating molecules, over hard calcium and magnesium, which interact mainly ionically. The metal-binding site contains an unusual, but conserved, methionine, and its sulfur coordinates transition metal substrates, suggesting a vital role in their transport. Using a bacteria

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22

Станіслав Видиборець та Дмитро Борисенко. "ДІАГНОСТИЧНА ЦІННІСТЬ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТРАНСФЕРИНУ НА РІЗНИХ СТАДІЯХ РОЗВИТКУ АНЕМІЇ ЗЛОЯКІСНОГО НОВОУТВОРЕННЯ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ ІЗ УРОТЕЛІАЛЬНИМ РАКОМ СЕЧОВОГО МІХУРА". World Science 1, № 12(52) (30 грудня 2019): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30122019/6827.

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   In clause the items of information on transport protein of iron - transferrin are stated. Its physiological role and clinical importance is shown.The content of iron in the blood whey (SZH) and index of general iron- binding ability of the whey (OZHSS) were determined by batofenantrolin method. The index of the unsaturated iron-binding ability of the whey (NZHSS) was calculated as a difference between OZHSS and SZH. The coefficient of saturation of transferrin by iron (KNTZH) was determined as correlation of maintenance of SZH to OZHSS. The contents of transferrin (TF) was

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23

Mahender, Anumalla, B. Swamy, Annamalai Anandan, and Jauhar Ali. "Tolerance of Iron-Deficient and -Toxic Soil Conditions in Rice." Plants 8, no. 2 (January 28, 2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8020031.

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Iron (Fe) deficiency and toxicity are the most widely prevalent soil-related micronutrient disorders in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Progress in rice cultivars with improved tolerance has been hampered by a poor understanding of Fe availability in the soil, the transportation mechanism, and associated genetic factors for the tolerance of Fe toxicity soil (FTS) or Fe deficiency soil (FDS) conditions. In the past, through conventional breeding approaches, rice varieties were developed especially suitable for low- and high-pH soils, which indirectly helped the varieties to tolerate FTS and FDS conditi

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24

Ravia, Jennifer J., Renu M. Stephen, Fayez K. Ghishan, and James F. Collins. "Menkes Copper ATPase (Atp7a) Is a Novel Metal-responsive Gene in Rat Duodenum, and Immunoreactive Protein Is Present on Brush-border and Basolateral Membrane Domains." Journal of Biological Chemistry 280, no. 43 (August 4, 2005): 36221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m506727200.

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We previously noted strong induction of genes related to intestinal copper homeostasis (Menkes Copper ATPase (Atp7a) and metallothionein) in the duodenal epithelium of iron-deficient rats across several stages of postnatal development (Collins, J. F., Franck, C. A., Kowdley, K. V., and Ghishan, F. K. (2005) Am. J. Physiol., 288, G964–G971). We now report significant copper loading in the livers and intestines of iron-deficient rats. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that there is increased intestinal copper transport during iron deficiency. We additionally found that hepatic At

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25

Beauchene, Nicole A., Erin L. Mettert, Laura J. Moore, Sündüz Keleş, Emily R. Willey, and Patricia J. Kiley. "O2availability impacts iron homeostasis inEscherichia coli." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 46 (October 30, 2017): 12261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1707189114.

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The ferric-uptake regulator (Fur) is an Fe2+-responsive transcription factor that coordinates iron homeostasis in many bacteria. Recently, we reported that expression of theEscherichia coliFur regulon is also impacted by O2tension. Here, we show that for most of the Fur regulon, Fur binding and transcriptional repression increase under anaerobic conditions, suggesting that Fur is controlled by O2availability. We found that the intracellular, labile Fe2+pool was higher under anaerobic conditions compared with aerobic conditions, suggesting that higher Fe2+availability drove the formation of mor

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26

Griffiths, William J. H., and Timothy M. Cox. "Co-localization of the Mammalian Hemochromatosis Gene Product (HFE) and a Newly Identified Transferrin Receptor (TfR2) in Intestinal Tissue and Cells." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 51, no. 5 (May 2003): 613–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215540305100507.

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Mutations in the HFE gene and a newly identified second transferrin receptor gene, TfR2, cause hemochromatosis. The cognate proteins, HFE and TfR2, are therefore of key importance in human iron homeostasis. HFE is expressed in small intestinal crypt cells where transferrin-iron entry may determine subsequent iron absorption by mature enterocytes, but the physiological function of TfR2 is unknown. Using specific peptide antisera, we examined the duodenal localization of HFE and TfR2 in humans and mice, with and without HFE deficiency, by confocal microscopy. We also investigated potential inter

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27

Hernandez, Monica N., and Steven E. Lindow. "Contact-dependent traits in Pseudomonas syringae B728a." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): e0241655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241655.

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Production of the biosurfactant syringafactin by the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae B728a is a surface contact-dependent trait. Expression of syfA, as measured using a gfp reporter gene fusion was low in planktonic cells in liquid cultures but over 4-fold higher in cells immobilized on surfaces as varied as glass, plastic, paper, parafilm, agar, membrane filters, and leaves. Induction of syfA as measured by GFP fluorescence was rapid, occurring within two hours after immobilization of cells on surfaces. Comparison of the global transcriptome by RNA sequencing of planktonic cells in a nutr

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Dinarieva, Tatiana Y., Anna E. Zhuravleva, Oksana A. Pavlenko, Iraida A. Tsaplina, and Alexander I. Netrusov. "Ferrous iron oxidation in moderately thermophilic acidophile Sulfobacillus sibiricus N1T." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 56, no. 10 (October 2010): 803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w10-063.

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The iron-oxidizing system of a moderately thermophilic, extremely acidophilic, gram-positive mixotroph, Sulfobacillus sibiricus N1T, was studied by spectroscopic, high-performance liquid chromatography and inhibitory analyses. Hemes B, A, and O were detected in membranes of S. sibiricus N1T. It is proposed that the electron transport chain from Fe2+ to O2 is terminated by 2 physiological oxidases: aa3-type cytochrome, which dominates in the early-exponential phase of growth, and bo3-type cytochrome, whose role in iron oxidation becomes more prominent upon growth of the culture. Both oxidases w

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Wincup, C., G. Robinson, T. Mcdonnell, A. Radziszewska, F. Farinha, and A. Rahman. "OP0006 ABNORMAL IRON METABOLISM AND MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION: INVESTIGATING A NOVEL PATHOLOGICAL MECHANISM IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 5.2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2487.

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Background:Iron is vital for numerous essential physiological processes including erythropoiesis and energy metabolism (as iron is found in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, the central site of ATP production). Iron homeostasis is tightly controlled by a number of regulators including; 1. Hepcidin, which prevents iron release from stores (under the influence of IL6 and IL1β); 2. Ferritin, an iron storage protein; 3. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), which is released upon innate immune activation that induces iron sequestration; 4. Transferrin, which binds circulating iron and enables its transpor

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30

Chan, Yee Kwan, Hye Kyoung Sung, and Gary Sweeney. "Iron metabolism and regulation by neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in cardiomyopathy." Clinical Science 129, no. 10 (August 28, 2015): 851–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20150075.

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Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has recently become established as an important contributor to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Accordingly, it is now viewed as an attractive candidate as a biomarker for various disease states, and in particular has recently become regarded as one of the best diagnostic biomarkers available for acute kidney injury. Nevertheless, the precise physiological effects of NGAL on the heart and the significance of their alterations during the development of heart failure are only now beginning to be characterized. Furthermore, the mecha

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Varga, Monica E. R., and Joel H. Weiner. "Physiological role of GlpB of anaerobic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ofEscherichia coli." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 73, no. 3-4 (March 1, 1995): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o95-018.

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Anaerobic sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli is encoded by an operon of three genes, glpACB. The promoter distal gene, glpB, encodes a 44-kilodalton polypeptide that is not part of the purified soluble dehydrogenase. By recombinant plasmid complementation, in a strain harboring a chromosomal deletion of glpACB, we found that all three genes were essential for anaerobic growth on glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P). By isolation of inner membrane preparations we confirmed the cytoplasmic membrane localization of GlpB. GlpB displayed an electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum that

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Ma, Xiaocui, Baolong Zhang, Rongli Miao, Xuan Deng, You Duan, Yingyin Cheng, Wanting Zhang, Mijuan Shi, Kaiyao Huang, and Xiao-Qin Xia. "Transcriptomic and Physiological Responses to Oxidative Stress in a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Glutathione Peroxidase Mutant." Genes 11, no. 4 (April 24, 2020): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11040463.

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Aerobic photosynthetic organisms such as algae produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as by-products of metabolism. ROS damage biomolecules such as proteins and lipids in cells, but also act as signaling molecules. The mechanisms that maintain the metabolic balance in aerobic photosynthetic organisms and how the cells specifically respond to different levels of ROS are unclear. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) enzymes detoxify hydrogen peroxide or organic hydroperoxides, and thus are important components of the antioxidant system. In this study, we employed a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii glutathione p

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Rishi, Gautam, Eriza S. Secondes, Daniel F. Wallace, and V. Nathan Subramaniam. "Normal systemic iron homeostasis in mice with macrophage-specific deletion of transferrin receptor 2." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 310, no. 3 (February 1, 2016): G171—G180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00291.2015.

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Iron is an essential element, since it is a component of many macromolecules involved in diverse physiological and cellular functions, including oxygen transport, cellular growth, and metabolism. Systemic iron homeostasis is predominantly regulated by the liver through the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Hepcidin expression is itself regulated by a number of proteins, including transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2). TFR2 has been shown to be expressed in the liver, bone marrow, macrophages, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Studies from our laboratory have shown that mice with a hepatocyte-spe

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Hawkins, P. T., D. R. Poyner, T. R. Jackson, A. J. Letcher, D. A. Lander, and R. F. Irvine. "Inhibition of iron-catalysed hydroxyl radical formation by inositol polyphosphates: a possible physiological function for myo-inositol hexakisphosphate." Biochemical Journal 294, no. 3 (September 15, 1993): 929–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2940929.

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1. The ability of myo-inositol polyphosphates to inhibit iron-catalysed hydroxyl radical formation was studied in a hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system [Graf, Empson and Eaton (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 11647-11650]. Fe3+ present in the assay reagents supported some radical formation, and a standard assay, with 5 microM Fe3+ added, was used to investigate the specificity of compounds which could inhibit radical generation. 2. InsP6 (phytic acid) was able to inhibit radical formation in this assay completely. In this respect it was similar to the effects of the high affinity Fe3+ chelator Desf

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Markova, Veronika, Charlotte Holm, Anja Pinborg, Lars Thomsen, and Torben Moos. "Impairment of the Developing Human Brain in Iron Deficiency: Correlations to Findings in Experimental Animals and Prospects for Early Intervention Therapy." Pharmaceuticals 12, no. 3 (August 14, 2019): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph12030120.

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Due to the necessity of iron for a variety of cellular functions, the developing mammalian organism is vulnerable to iron deficiency, hence causing structural abnormalities and physiological malfunctioning in organs, which are particularly dependent on adequate iron stores, such as the brain. In early embryonic life, iron is already needed for proper development of the brain with the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neuro-progenitor cells. This is underpinned by the widespread expression of transferrin receptors in the developing brain, which, in later life, is restricted to ce

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Wang, Bo, and Xiao-Ping Wang. "Does Ceruloplasmin Defend Against Neurodegenerative Diseases?" Current Neuropharmacology 17, no. 6 (May 9, 2019): 539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159x16666180508113025.

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Ceruloplasmin (CP) is the major copper transport protein in plasma, mainly produced by the liver. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked CP (GPI-CP) is the predominant form expressed in astrocytes of the brain. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that CP is an essential protein in the body with multiple functions such as regulating the homeostasis of copper and iron ions, ferroxidase activity, oxidizing organic amines, and preventing the formation of free radicals. In addition, as an acute-phase protein, CP is induced during inflammation and infection. The fact that patients with genetic

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O'Hara, G. W. "Nutritional constraints on root nodule bacteria affecting symbiotic nitrogen fixation: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41, no. 3 (2001): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00087.

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Root nodule bacteria require access to adequate concentrations of mineral nutrients for metabolic processes to enable their survival and growth as free-living soil saprophytes, and in their symbiotic relationship with legumes. Essential nutrients, with a direct requirement in metabolism of rhizobia are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt and selenium. Boron does not seem to be required by rhizobia, but is essential for the establishment of effective legume symbioses. Nutrient constraint

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Yang, Zhantao, Raymond T. Doty, Marie H. Nguyen, Ann Smith, and Janis L. Abkowitz. "Evidence That Heme Export Via the Feline Leukemia Virus, Subgroup, C Receptor (FLVCR) Is Carrier Dependent and Its Physiological Implications." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 2659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2659.2659.

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Abstract FLVCR is a heme export protein that is required for proerythroblast survival (Cell18:757, 2004), macrophage heme-iron recycling, and systemic iron homeostasis (ASH abstract, 2007). However, the mechanism and regulation of export through this and related major facilitator superfamily (MFS) members (e.g., Glut4, GlpT) is unknown. To gain insights into the structure and function of FLVCR, we studied the export of zinc mesoporphyrin (ZnMP), a fluorescent heme analog that traffics like heme and blocks heme oxygenase (HO) activity. NRK cells engineered to express huFLVCR were loaded with Zn

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Kent, Sarah A., Tara L. Spires-Jones та Claire S. Durrant. "The physiological roles of tau and Aβ: implications for Alzheimer’s disease pathology and therapeutics". Acta Neuropathologica 140, № 4 (29 липня 2020): 417–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00401-020-02196-w.

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Abstract Tau and amyloid beta (Aβ) are the prime suspects for driving pathology in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and, as such, have become the focus of therapeutic development. Recent research, however, shows that these proteins have been highly conserved throughout evolution and may have crucial, physiological roles. Such functions may be lost during AD progression or be unintentionally disrupted by tau- or Aβ-targeting therapies. Tau has been revealed to be more than a simple stabiliser of microtubules, reported to play a role in a range of biological processes including myelination, glucose meta

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Mazgaj, Rafał, Mateusz Szudzik, Paweł Lipiński, Aneta Jończy, Ewa Smuda, Marian Kamyczek, Beata Cieślak, Dorine Swinkels, Małgorzata Lenartowicz, and Rafał R. Starzyński. "Effect of Oral Supplementation of Healthy Pregnant Sows with Sucrosomial Ferric Pyrophosphate on Maternal Iron Status and Hepatic Iron Stores in Newborn Piglets." Animals 10, no. 7 (June 29, 2020): 1113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10071113.

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Background: The similarities between swine and humans in physiological and genomic patterns, as well as significant correlation in size and anatomy, make pigs an useful animal model in nutritional studies during pregnancy. In humans and pigs iron needs exponentially increase during the last trimester of pregnancy, mainly due to increased red blood cell mass. Insufficient iron supply during gestation may be responsible for the occurrence of maternal iron deficiency anemia and decreased iron status in neonates. On the other hand, preventive iron supplementation of non-anemic mothers may be of po

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Sanikidze, Tamar V., Levan A. Cheishvili, Nana V. Kipiani, Eka R. Shekiladze, Nina V. Kipiani, Gubaz Z. Sharashenidze, and Eduard N. Chikvaidze. "Role of the Nitric Oxide (NO) in the Regulation of Steroidogenesis in Placenta During Physiological Pregnancy and Preeclampsia (Experimental Study)." Current Topics in Biophysics 42, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ctb-2019-0003.

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AbstractThe aim of the study was to establish the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of steroidogenesis in the placenta during physiological pregnancy and experimental preeclampsia (PE) in rats. EPR centers of the placenta, free NO and its metabolites were determined by the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) method. At the last stage of pregnancy in the EPR spectra of the rats’ placenta with PE alterations of the signals intensity of mitochondrial steroidogenic electron transport proteins were detected: the FeS-centers of adrenodoxin decreased, the ferricytochrome P-450 increased,

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Rtibi, Kaïs, Slimen Selmi, Dhekra Grami, Hichem Sebai, and Lamjed Marzouki. "Methotrexate Produces Gastrointestinal Stress via Oxidative Stress-caused Acute Physiological Disruptions in Water and Electrolytes Transport in the Mucosal Intestine." Recent Advances in Biology and Medicine 04 (2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/rabm.2018.04.565816.

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Methotrexate (MTX), a chemotherapeutic agent, is used to treat various types of cancers. MTX was known for its toxic effects, particularly in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Consequently, the objective of this present research was to investigate the GI disorders during oxidative stress in rats subjected to oral dose of MTX (100 mg kg−1). Thirty male Wistar rats were equally divided at random into three groups (10 animals in each group): the unexposed group and two groups treated with a single dose of MTX. Acute diarrhea was assessed in rats using the defecation and enteropooling methods. Elec

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Epsztejn, Silvina, Hava Glickstein, Virginie Picard, Itzchak N. Slotki, William Breuer, Carole Beaumont, and Z. Ioav Cabantchik. "H-Ferritin Subunit Overexpression in Erythroid Cells Reduces the Oxidative Stress Response and Induces Multidrug Resistance Properties." Blood 94, no. 10 (November 15, 1999): 3593–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v94.10.3593.422k26_3593_3603.

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The labile iron pool (LIP) of animal cells has been implicated in cell iron regulation and as a key component of the oxidative-stress response. A major mechanism commonly implied in the downregulation of LIP has been the induced expression of ferritin (FT), particularly the heavy subunits (H-FT) that display ferroxidase activity. The effects of H-FT on LIP and other physiological parameters were studied in murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells stably transfected with H-FT subunits. Clones expressing different levels of H-FT displayed similar concentrations of total cell iron (0.3 ± 0.1 mmol/L) an

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Longhini, Cybelle Menolli, Fabian Sá, and Renato Rodrigues Neto. "Review and synthesis: iron input, biogeochemistry, and ecological approaches in seawater." Environmental Reviews 27, no. 2 (June 2019): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2018-0020.

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The processes involved in the biogeochemical cycle of Fe in the oceans have been intensely discussed in recent decades because this element is limiting to primary productivity in most oceanic regions. From biogeochemical and ecological perspectives, inputs from anthropogenic sources, especially mining activities, may be more representative than natural inputs in coastal areas affected by metal loads from tailings. Here we provide a review of all the stages related to Fe behaviour in marine ecosystems, including Fe input sources, which may be of natural and (or) anthropogenic origin; input rate

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Papassotiriou, Ioannis, Alexandra Margeli, Antonios Drakatos, Sophia Delikou, Korina Kassiou, Christos Kattamis, Vassilios Ladis, and Antonios Kattamis. "Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Levels in Patients with Thalassemia Intermedia: Lack of Association with Erythropoiesis, Iron Metabolism, Renal Dysfunction and Inflammation." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 3814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3814.3814.

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Abstract Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL, 24p3, SIP24, lipocalin-2 or siderocalin) is a novel iron-carrier protein exerting pleiotropic properties. The physiological role of NGAL is not fully elucidated though a few pivotal functions, such as regulation of apoptosis of leukocytes have been described recently. It has also been demonstrated that NGAL is abundantly expressed in erythroid progenitor cells inducing apoptosis and inhibiting their differentiation. NGAL is reduced in the erythroid cells of mice with acute anemia and injection of recombinant lipocalin-2 delayed the rec

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Celletti, Silvia, Youry Pii, Fabio Valentinuzzi, Raphael Tiziani, Maria Chiara Fontanella, Gian Maria Beone, Tanja Mimmo, Stefano Cesco, and Stefania Astolfi. "Physiological Responses to Fe Deficiency in Split-Root Tomato Plants: Possible Roles of Auxin and Ethylene?" Agronomy 10, no. 7 (July 11, 2020): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10071000.

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Iron (Fe) bioavailability in soils is often limited and can be further exacerbated by a non- homogeneous distribution in the soil profile, which has been demonstrated to vary both in space and time. Consequently, plants respond with morphological and physiological modifications at the root level involving a complex local and systemic signaling machinery. The present work unravels the role of two phytohormones (i.e., ethylene and auxin) and their integrated signaling in plant response to Fe deficiency. Inhibitors of auxin polar transport and of ethylene biosynthesis (N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid

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Prakash, Divya, Prashanti R. Iyer, Suharti Suharti, Karim A. Walters, Michel Geovanni Santiago-Martinez, John H. Golbeck, Katsuhiko S. Murakami, and James G. Ferry. "Structure and function of an unusual flavodoxin from the domainArchaea." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 51 (December 4, 2019): 25917–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1908578116.

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Flavodoxins, electron transfer proteins essential for diverse metabolisms in microbes from the domainBacteria, are extensively characterized. Remarkably, although genomic annotations of flavodoxins are widespread in microbes from the domainArchaea, none have been isolated and characterized. Herein is described the structural, biochemical, and physiological characterization of an unusual flavodoxin (FldA) fromMethanosarcina acetivorans, an acetate-utilizing methane-producing microbe of the domainArchaea. In contrast to all flavodoxins, FldA is homodimeric, markedly less acidic, and stabilizes a

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Schuback, Nina, Mirkko Flecken, Maria T. Maldonado, and Philippe D. Tortell. "Diurnal variation in the coupling of photosynthetic electron transport and carbon fixation in iron-limited phytoplankton in the NE subarctic Pacific." Biogeosciences 13, no. 4 (February 23, 2016): 1019–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1019-2016.

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Abstract. Active chlorophyll a fluorescence approaches, including fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRF), have the potential to provide estimates of phytoplankton primary productivity at an unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. FRRF-derived productivity rates are based on estimates of charge separation in reaction center II (ETRRCII), which must be converted into ecologically relevant units of carbon fixation. Understanding sources of variability in the coupling of ETRRCII and carbon fixation provides physiological insight into phytoplankton photosynthesis and is critical for the app

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Schuback, N., M. Flecken, M. T. Maldonado, and P. D. Tortell. "Diurnal variation in the coupling of photosynthetic electron transport and carbon fixation in iron-limited phytoplankton in the NE subarctic Pacific." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 20 (October 19, 2015): 16803–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-16803-2015.

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Abstract. Active chlorophyll a fluorescence approaches, including fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRF), have the potential to provide estimates of phytoplankton primary productivity at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. FRRF-derived productivity rates are based on estimates of charge separation at PSII (ETRRCII), which must be converted into ecologically relevant units of carbon fixation. Understanding sources of variability in the coupling of ETRRCII and carbon fixation provides physiological insight into phytoplankton photosynthesis, and is critical for the application of FRRF

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Noetzli, Leila J., Ashok Panigrahy, Mehrdad Joukar, Aleya Hyderi, Steven D. Mittelman, Thomas Coates, and John C. Wood. "Pituitary Iron and Volume in Transfusional Iron Overload." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.2017.2017.

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Abstract Abstract 2017 Poster Board I-1039 Introduction: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is the most common endocrine problem in chronically transfused patients. Unfortunately, gonadotrophe iron toxicity is not readily detectable until puberty and stimulation tests can be difficult to interpret in adolescents. MRI can image preclinical pituitary iron deposition, similar to its use in the heart, liver and pancreas. Increased pituitary R2, a surrogate for iron, and decreased pituitary volume have both been shown to predict clinical and biochemical HH in iron overloaded adults 1,2. However, da

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