Academic literature on the topic 'Ironi'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ironi"
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Qusnaini, Asmaul, M. Misbahul Amri, and Inayatul Fariha. "Problematizing Situational Irony: A Critical Study on Hardy’s An Imaginative Woman." JoLLA: Journal of Language, Literature, and Arts 1, no. 11 (2021): 1607–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um064v1i112021p1607-1626.
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Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to comprehend how situational irony in Thomas Hardy’s short fiction entitled An Imaginative Woman conceptualized a tension of irony in readers’ perceptiveness. To this aim, this study tries to examine the relation among aspects: the story plot, characterizations, focalizations, and narrator’s comments. The narration of this short story shows there are two representation levels of irony: (1) the story level which contains: the sequence of Ella’s ironic events and portrayal of victimized characters; (2) the narrative level consists of: numerous focalizations that are entangled with formulation of perspective and narrator’s intrusive comments that becomes the embodiment of narrator’s unreliability. This paper suggests that situational irony signifies the dynamic strategy of narrative in order to manifest the tension of irony within the story and its representation. Additionally, this strategy emphasizes readers’ compatibility with the irony of the narrative. Keywords: narrative; situational irony; focalization; intrusive narrator Abstrak: Makalah ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana ironi situasional dalam cerita pendek An Imaginative Woman karya Thomas Hardy mengkonseptualisasikan ketegangan ironi dalam persepsi pembaca. Untuk itu, penelitian ini mencoba mengkaji secara kritis hubungan antar aspek berikut: alur cerita, penokohan, fokalisasi, dan komentar narator. Narasi cerpen ini menunjukkan terdapat dua tingkat dalam representasi ironi: (1) tingkat cerita, yakni memuat: urutan peristiwa ironis yang terjadi terhadap Ella dan penggambaran karakter yang dijadikan korban; (2) tingkat naratif, terdiri dari: beberapa macam fokalisasi yang berhubungan dengan perumusan perspektif dan komentar narator yang mengganggu sebagai perwujudan ketidakpercayaan pada narator. Makalah ini menunjukkan bahwa ironi situasional menandakan kedinamisan strategi dalam narasi dalam mewujudkan ketegangan ironi baik di dalam cerita maupun cara merepresentasikan cerita. Selain itu, strategi ini menekankan kompatibilitas pembaca yang berperan penting untuk menjangkau ironi narasi. Kata kunci: naratif; ironi situasional; fokalisasi; intrusi narrator
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KOÇ, Emel. "VAROLUŞSAL MİZAH/İRONİ: KIERKEGAARD’IN İRONİ/MİZAH GÖRÜŞÜ." Journal of Social Sciences 60, no. 60 (2022): 26–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/sobider.64899.
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Rahis Pasaribu, Gumarpi. "Ironi Verbal dalam Persidangan Kasus Pembunuhan Brigadir J: Analisis Semantik Kognitif." Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023): Literasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah 13, no. 2 (2023): 306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/literasi.v13i2.6856.
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Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian semantik dengan fokus pada kajian semantik kognitif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif. Desain penelitian ini adalah konten analisis. Objek penelitian adalah ironi verbal dalam persidangan kasus pembunuhan Brigadir J. Data dalam penelitian ini diambil dari empat video yang telah diklasifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis mengenai ironi verbal sebagai kritik dan swift dalam kasus persidangan pembunuhan Brigadir J, bahwasanya di dalam kasus persidangan pembunuhuhan Brigadir J hakim menggunakan ironi verbal kritik dan ironi verbal swift agar para saksi berbicara jujur di pengadilan.
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Herlina, Eli. "Keragaman Ironi dalam Cerpen “Doa Sang Perawan “ Karya Bondan Winarno (Sebuah Kajian Paratekstual)." Diskursus: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia 2, no. 01 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/diskursus.v2i01.6658.
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<p>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memeroleh data empiris tentang (1) Ironi dalam alur cerpen “Doa Seorang Perawan” Karya Bondan Winarno, (2) Ironi dalam penokohan cerpen “Doa Seorang Perawan” Karya Bondan Winarno, (3) Ironi dalam parateks cerpen “Doa Seorang Perawan” Karya Bondan Winarno. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik analisis isi (content analiysis). Metode penelitian kualitatif adalah metode penelitian yang berlandaskan pada filsafat post positivisme, digunakan untuk meneliti pada kondisi obyek yang alamiah, (sebagai lawannya adalah eksperimen) dimana peneliti adalah sebagai instrumen kunci, teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan secara triangulasi (gabungan), analisis data bersifat induktif/kualitatif, dan hasil penelitian kualitatif lebih menekankan makna daripada generalisasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai bulan Januari 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ironi yang signifikan antara teks inti cerpen “Doa Seorang Perawan” karya Bondan Winarno dengan komposisi musik La Priere d’une Vierge gubahan Tekhla Badarzweska yaitu ironi pada alur, penokohan dan parateks cerpen “Doa Seorang Perawan” karya Bondan Winarno.</p><p>Kata Kunci: Ironi, semiotik, parateks</p>
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Bozkurt, Sinan. "Feyyaz Kayacan'ın Hiçoğlu'nun Serüvenleri Adlı Öyküsünde İroni." Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı İncelemeleri Dergisi 2, no. 1 (2024): 83–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12626017.
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Türk Edebiyatında kökeni bulunan ironi sanatı Feyyaz Kayacan’ın öykülerinde daha çok söz ironisi şeklinde olsa da olay, durum ve trajik gibi ironinin birçok alt başlığından da faydalanılmıştır. Kayacan 1950 kuşağı sanatçılarından farklı olarak ironiyi başat öge saymıştır. Yazar, kelime oyunlarıyla deyim ve atasözlerinin yapısını bozmak suretiyle, bazen de Sokratik ironide olduğu gibi yanlış anlaşılmalarla ironi yapmıştır. Bu nedenle özellikle toplum tarafından ötekileştirilmiş, toplumsal kabullere karşı mesafeli duran akıl ve beden sağlığıyla ilgili sorunlar yaşayan bireylere mizah unsurunu da kullanarak edebî kimlik kazandırmıştır. Bir başka ifadeyle yazar, eserlerinde alışılagelmişin dışında, toplumsal sorunlara yer vermiştir. Hiçoğlu üzerinden toplumsal sorunlara farklı bir bakış açısıyla yaklaşmıştır. Feyyaz Kayacan’ın Hiçoğlu’nun Serüvenleri adlı öyküsünde ironi tespitleri yapılmış ve kahramanın öyküde yaşadığı travmaları incelenmiştir. Yaşamış olduğu travmaları ironinin de özelliklerinden yardım alarak daha etkili bir şekilde anlatmıştır. Eserlerinde bazen yabancı dillerin de etkisiyle dilsel bozukluklara rastlanmaktadır. Eserlerini de sade dil ve anlatımının olanaklarından yola çıkarak ironik bir ifade ile zenginleştirmiştir.
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Rani Mita Gustari, Rani Mita, and Zulfa Hamidah. "PENGONTRASAN “IRONI” SEBAGAI WUJUD KRITIK SOSIAL DALAM ANTOLOGI GEGURITAN NONO WARNONO KIDUNG LANGIT: KAJIAN STILISTIKA." JOB (Jurnal Online Baradha) 19, no. 4 (2024): 177–94. https://doi.org/10.26740/job.v19n4.p177-194.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengontrasan “ironi” sebagai wujud kritik sosial didalam antologi geguritan Nono Warnono Kidung Langit. Mendeskripsikan fungsi pengontrasan “ironi” sebagai wujud kritik sosial didalam antologi geguritan Nono Warnono Kidung Langit. Penelitian ini diteliti dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif, teori stilistika pendekatan sosiologi sastra, karena penelitian yang membahas hubungan dengan permasalahan masyarakat, yaitu kritik sosial moral. Moral merupakan perilaku dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat yang dapat membedakan manakah hal baik atau hal buruk. Kritik sosial moral disebabkan karena adanya kemerosotan moral yang terjadi jaman sekarang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan studi pustaka. Analisis penelitian ini melalui tiga tahap, yaitu (1) Reduksi data; (2) Penyajian data; (3) Penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa: (1)Pengontrasan ironi dijadikan sebagai stile pengarang dalam mengungkapkan kritik moral, karena adanya kemerosotan moral; (2) Fungsi pengontrasan ironi tidak hanya sebagai kritik, menyindir akan tetapi mempunyai fungsi lainnya, yaitu fungsi referensial, emotif, konatif, dan puitis. Melalui pengontrasan ironi sebagai kritik sosial moral diharapkan masyarakat akan mempunyai tatanan kehidupan yang selaras norma.
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Barbosa, Helena. "İroni ve Gerilim: İkinci Dünya Savaşı Yıllarında İstanbul’da ve Ankara’da Savaş Algısı (Irony and Tension: Perception of War in Istanbul and Ankara during the Second World War Years), Sinan Niyazioğlu1 (2016)." Journal of Visual Political Communication 6, no. 1 (2020): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jvpc_00005_5.
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Review of: İroni ve Gerilim: İkinci Dünya Savaşı Yıllarında İstanbul’da ve Ankara’da Savaş Algısı (Irony and Tension: Perception of War in Istanbul and Ankara during the Second World War Years), Sinan Niyazioğlu (2016)Ankara, Turkey: Vekam, 312 pp.,ISBN 978-6-05938-806-1, p/bk, €8
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Awalia, Tuti, Vivian Yoga Veronica Putri, and Karkono Karkono. "Ironi Kemunduran Moral dalam Puisi Kepada Peminta-minta Karya Chairil Anwar dan Subuh Karya Amir Hamzah: Pendekatan Sosiologi Sastra." JoLLA: Journal of Language, Literature, and Arts 2, no. 3 (2022): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um064v2i32022p287-299.
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Abstract: This study aims to describe the irony of moral decline in the poems "Kepada Peminta-minta" by Chairil Anwar and "Subuh" by Amir Hamzah. This analysis uses a sociological approach to literature which focuses on human problems and the social environment. The results of the research are descriptive text obtained from collecting in-depth and detailed information to find things related to the formulation intended by the author. The data contained in this analysis are in the form of words, sentences and paragraphs that show data that explains the irony of moral decline in the object of analysis in the form of the poems. This research is qualitative research using a descriptive method to observe the irony of moral decline in the two poems. The results of this analysis show that the forms of moral decline are (1) loss of sense of responsibility and (2) negligence caused by laziness in oneself. The analysis also shows the factors that cause moral decline, namely (1) the living environment, (2) internet technology (3) the influence of parenting patterns, and (4) internal factors within. The analysis of this saga can be used as an alternative source of knowledge and learning media in the future. Keywords: sociology of literature; irony; morals. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ironi kemunduran moral dalam puisi "Kepada Peminta-minta" karya Chairil Anwar dan “Subuh” karya Amir Hamzah. Analisis ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra yang mana terfokus pada permasalahan manusia dan lingkungan sosial. Hasil penelitian berbentuk uraian deskriptif yang diperoleh dari pengumpulan informasi secara mendalam dan terperinci untuk menemukan hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan rumusan yang dituju oleh penulis. Data yang terdapat dalam analisis ini berupa kata, kalimat maupun paragraf yang menunjukkan data-data yang menjelaskan paparan mengenai ironi kemunduran moral dalam objek analisis yang berupa puisi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk mengamati bagaimana ironi kemunduran moral dalam kedua puisi. Hasil analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa bentuk kemunduran moral dalam kedua puisi adalah (1) hilangnya rasa tanggung jawab dan (2) kelalaian yang diakibatkan kemalasan dalam diri. Analisis juga menunjukkan faktor penyebab adanya kemunduran moral yakni (1) lingkungan tempat tinggal; (2) teknologi internet; (3) pengaruh pola asuh orang tua; dan (4) faktor internal dalam diri. Analisis dari hikayat ini dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif sumber ilmu pengetahuan dan media pembelajaran kedepannya. Kata Kunci: sosiologi sastra; ironi; moral.
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Rheza, Muhammad Ali, and Farindika Metandi. "IMPLEMENTASI METODE K-MEANS CLUSTERING UNTUK PENENTUAN JENIS KOMENTAR PADA TWEET PSSI." Just TI (Jurnal Sains Terapan Teknologi Informasi) 12, no. 2 (2020): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.46964/justti.v12i2.363.
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Berita tentang Persatuan Sepakbola Seluruh Indonesia ( PSSI ) sedang ramai di perbincangkan. Perbincangan tersebut bisa berasal dari salah satu media sosial yaitu Twitter. Twitter berisi informasi , pesan dan komentar dari pengguna satu ke pengguna lain. Jenis Komentar twitter terhadap pssi sangat beragam, Terdapat jenis-jenis komentar, contohnya yaitu jenis komentar ironi adalah Komentar untuk menyatakan sindiran secara halus, kemudian jenis komentar sinisme adalah jenis komentar yang di artikan sebagai suatu sindiran yang berbentuk kesangsian yang mengandung ejekan. Komentar sinisme cenderung lebih keras dari pada ironi. dan yang terakhir jenis komentar sarkasme adalah jenis komentar yang lebih kasar dari ironi dan sinisme. Komentar sarkasme cenderung yang paling kasar dalam percakapan sehari hari-hari, sarkasme digunakan untuk mengejek, menghina dan menyumpah yang di tunjukan kepada seseorang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis komentar terkategori komentar ironi, sinisme dan sarkasme dengan Metode K-means Clustering. Dari proses perhitungan menggunakan metode K-Means clustering menghasilkan Kelompok jenis komentar sinisme pada cluster 1 sebanyak 20 data, kelompok jenis komentar sarkasme pada cluster 2 sebanyak 3 data dan kelompok jenis komentar ironi pada cluster 3 sebanyak 27 data.
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Lesmana, Tedi. "Richard Rorty pada Pragmatisme Internet." KALBISCIENTIA Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 9, no. 2 (2022): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.53008/kalbiscientia.v9i2.1385.
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Abstrak: Gagasan Rorty terhadap objektivitas bermanfaat di era pluralisme budaya, terutama di era internet. Menerapkan ironi dan liberalisme Rorty dalam masyarakat global di mana orang-orang terhubung sangat menarik. Implikasi dari ide ini akan membuat masyarakat internasional mengambil bagian dalam penghormatan sementara ironi pribadi orang tetap personal. Meskipun ide-ide ini mungkin bukan pilihan yang paling baik, mereka konsisten dengan prinsip ironi manusia itu sendiri, tidak memutlakkan kebenaran objektif, antara lain, sebagai cita-cita universal. Sementara solidaritas akan sangat cocok untuk berempati dengan yang liyan dalam komunitas internet, orang-orang menghormati kebebasan berbicara atau berekspresi orang lain, dan sementara pengaturan internet tetap melindunginya. Melalui prinsip ironi dan solidaritas kemanusiaan, ide-ide Rorty masih berguna untuk menerapkan arahan dalam masyarakat yang terhubung dalam multi-budaya global seperti dunia maya.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ironi"
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Claar, Moa, and Lina Larsson. "Ironi : Akustikens roll vid uppfattande av ironi och andra emotionella uttryck." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-105666.
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Har du någon gång varit med om att du inte förstår att din samtalspartner är ironisk, eller att du själv blivit missförstådd av samma anledning? Ironi är svårt att uppfatta och om hänsyn inte tas till kontexten, vad särskiljer då ironi från andra emotionella uttryck? Akustiska ledtrådar, som grundtonsfrekvens, intensitet och duration, har tidigare kartlagts för att till viss del kunna förklara skillnaderna mellan olika emotionella uttryckssätt. Ironiska och sarkastiska yttranden har i tidigare studier visats ha högre grundtonsfrekvens, intensitet samt längre duration i jämförelse med andra emotionella uttryckssätt. I detta arbete har 20 deltagare fått bedöma olika emotionella uttryckssätt för 26 ljudfiler, från ett testmaterial skapad av Peder Palmér, Institutionen för Beteendevetenskap och Lärande vid Linköpings universitet. Emotionerna som gestaltades var ironi, sarkasm, ilska, glädje och allvarlighet. Resultatet visade att var lättast att bedöma emotionen glad och att kvinnor var statistiskt signifikant bättre än män på att bedöma emotionen. Akustiska skillnader undersöktes i programmet Praat, de valda parametrarna som undersöktes grundades på tidigare studier. Lägre grundtonsfrekvens, intensitet samt längre duration karaktäriserar ironiska och sarkastiska ljudfiler utifrån vår analys. Detta korrelerar inte med flertalet tidigare studier, troligtvis beror det på att tidigare studier gjorts på andra språk än det svenska, däremot visar en tysk studie liknande resultat. Ytterligare ett akustiskt kännetecken som uppmärksammades i vår studie var att det näst sista ordet i ironiska och sarkastiska yttranden tycks vara förlängda.<br>Have you ever experienced doubt in whether a person is being ironic? It is hard to identify irony, especially when you don't know the context. Acoustic features, such as pitch, intensity and duration, have in previous studies been detected to explain differences between emotions. Irony and sarcasm have been found to have a higher pitch, intensity and longer duration than other emotions. In this study 20 people listened to 26 samples, from the test material made by Peder Palmér from the Institution of Behavioral science and Teaching in the University of Linköping, and were asked to determine which emotion that was used in each sample. Irony, sarcasm, anger, happiness and seriousness were portrayed emotions in the audio files. The results showed that the emotion happiness was the easiest and women were better able to determine this emotion. Acoustic differences were analyzed in Praat, the acoustic parameters used were based on previous surveys. Lower pitch, intensity and a longer duration were found to be characteristic for irony and sarcasm in this research. The outcome does not correlate with several of previous studies, probably because previous studies are not made in Swedish but one survey in German shows similar results. Another acoustic feature that was found in our survey is that the penultimate word has longer duration in irony and sarcasm than in other expressions.
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Collin, Angelica, and Matilda Hammarberg. "Röstfaktorer som avslöjar ironi : Akustiska likheter och skillnader mellan sinnesstämningar." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-106209.
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Ordet ironi definieras som ett yttrande där "betydelsen är motsatsen till orden". Denna rapport är en fortsatt studie på Peder Palmérs studie Vad är ironiskt tal: att hitta de auditiva ledtrådarna (2013). Materialet som ligger till grund för denna uppföljande studie består av inspelningar av tre olika talare med fem olika meningar i fem olika sinnesstämningar; glädje, ilska, allvar, ironi och sarkasm. Trettio män och kvinnor i åldern 18-60 år har lyssnat på dessa meningar och kategoriserat dem utifrån tolkad sinnesstämning. Till detta användes avsedd blankett. Författarna har uppmätt grundton och intensitet som har jämförts mellan de olika sinnesstämningarna. Grundton har också jämförts mellan de tre talarna. Dessa jämförelser ligger till grund för en analys som kan ge information om betydelsen av dessa akustiska parametrar, liksom andra faktorer såsom kontext, vid identifiering av olika stämningar. Syftet är att undersöka om de sinnesstämningar som testpersonerna oftast förväxlar är mest lika ur ett akustiskt perspektiv, och att hitta ett eventuellt samband mellan grundton, intensitet och testpersonernas perceptuella tolkning. Det insamlade materialet analyserades utifrån aktuella frågeställningar. Studiens resultat påvisar att det är svårt att enbart utifrån akustiska parametrar tolka sinnesstämning. Grundtonsfrekvens och intensitet förefaller ha en viss betydelse när det kommer till förväxlingar mellan ironi och andra sinnesstämningar. Inga skillnader påvisas mellan mäns och kvinnors förmåga att identifiera ironi och sarkasm enbart utifrån akustiska parametrar.<br>The word irony is defined as an utterance where the meaning is the opposite of the words. This report is a continuing study of Peder Palmér's study What is ironic speech: to find the auditory clues (2013). The basis for this follow-up study consists of recordings with three different talkers with five sentences in five different moods: happiness, anger, seriousness, irony and sarcasm. Thirty men and women aged 18 to 60 years have been listening to the sentences and categorized them based on interpreted mood. The authors have measured fundamental frequency and intensity, and used these measurements as a basis to elucidate the perception of irony and the ability to perceive mood based on changes in fundamental frequency and intensity. The fundamental frequency has also been compared between the three talkers. An acoustic comparison between the different moods forms the basis for the analysis, which can provide information about the importance of acoustic parameters, as well as other factors such as context, when identifying different moods. The aim is to examine whether the moods that are most similar from an acoustic perspective are the ones that the test subjects most often fail to distinguish. The results show that it is difficult to solely from acoustic parameters interpret mood. Fundamental frequency and intensity appear to be of some importance when confusing irony with other moods. No differences were found between men and women's ability to detect irony and sarcasm based solely on acoustic parameters.
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Svensson, Morgan. "Melankoli och ironi : Strategier för hållbar utveckling." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk och litteratur, SOL, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13905.
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The purpose of this study is to show what melancholy and irony in my poems express and what techniques that are used to accomplish these effects. Many theorists, among them Sigmund Freud and Julia Kristeva, characterize melancholy as an experience of loss, and therefore one of my questions is what kind of losses appear in my poetry. In search for an answer I analyze the texts from both a psychoanalytic and a sociological point of view. In the latter perspective I discuss the postmodern society using concepts from contemporary thinkers like Zygmunt Bauman, Fredric Jameson and Jean Baudrillard. Finally, I also examine if melancholy has an influence on the form of the poems. The result of my investigation shows that the psychoanalytic perspecitve of Kristeva with great accuracy can predict the elements in melancholy poems but not provide interesting information about the cultural content in them. On the contrary, the sociological perspective shows a multitude of interesting connections between the feeling of loss in the poems and a dysfunctional society. My analysis also shows that both the melancholy and the irony in the poems are expressions of an alienation in a society that is characterized by an abundance of invading images, a rigid system of self control in an ”open society” and the extreme difficulty to plan for the future as a consequence of the ”unleashed market”. Furthermore, several poems have an abrupt irony in the ending and I establish that this technique has several functions in common with the parabasis in the comedy of the Greek Attic theatre.<br>Morgan Svensson
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Blomqvist, Mika. "Både - och : tvetydighet och ironi i Begrebet Angest." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Filosofi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-34810.
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This thesis is an investigation into ambiguity and irony in Kierkegaard’s The Concept of Dread [Begrebet Angest]. The frequent ambiguities in Kierkegaard’s texts have been discussed by several scholars, and Kierkegaard’s interest in irony is evident not only from his master’s thesis On the Concept of Irony, but also from his other texts. The irony in Kierkegaard has especially been expounded on by Roger Poole and Jacob Bøggild, who both consider irony to be at the heart of Kierkegaardian writing. Furthermore, the ambiguity in Kierkegaard can also be considered typical for the existentialist line of philosophy in general. Finally, both of these subjects tie in to the difficult subject of Kierkegaard’s ”indirect communication”, a subject discussed at length by Poole. The investigation falls into three parts. The first part is essentially a preparation: the concepts of ambiguity and irony are introduced, as is their relation to each other, and the discussion of these pertaining to Kierkegaard is paraphrased. An introduction to Kierkegaard’s indirect communicationis also provided. The second part constitutes the main body of the thesis. This part consists of a reading of The Concept of Dread with special attention brought to the ambiguities of this text. These ambiguities are numerous and in most cases fundamental concepts in the book’s line of reason including things such as dread itself, sin, guilt and the demonic. This reading follows the basic layout of the book itself, interspersed with remarks and topics discussed by other scholars, notably Jonna Hjertström Lappalainen and Gordon Daniel Marino. At the end of this part, the ironic readings of Poole and Bøggild are discussed in relation to the more “direct” reading proposed previously. Such readings put even greater emphasis on the ambiguity, as the text in its entirety is ambiguous. The third part is a tentative discussion of the conflicting accounts of Bøggild, Poole and Hjertström Lappalainen, and an attempt at reconciling these into a coherent view of The Concept of Dread. It is argued that ambiguity, while not equatable with indirect communication, is nonetheless a necessary prerequisite for communicating without compromising the individual’s subjective and concrete experience of the human condition. Finally, the Kierkegaardian notion of absolute freedom as discussed by Hjertström Lappalainen is considered in relation to the “existential concepts” fundamental to existentialist philosophy and, once again, the necessity of ambiguity is shown. The task of the ambiguous or ironic text is then to communicate the subjective, that which cannot be grasped in language, making necessary a certain “emptiness” or openness with regards to the central concepts.
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Ruderfors, Helena, and Linda Nyström. "Den politiska bloggen -ett forum för ironi och sarkasm : –." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1225.
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<p>Denna uppsats, som har sin teoretiska utgångspunkt i teorierna kring kommunikation, politisk kommunikation, genre och retorik handlar om den politiska bloggen och dess framväxande genre.</p><p>Den politiska bloggen, kan sägas, fick sitt absoluta genomslag i Sverige under valrörelsen 2006. Politiker och dess anhängare bloggade dagligen och fick parallellt med de traditionella medierna ett genomslag som kan karaktäriseras i att de fick ytterligare en mediekanal att driva politisk kommunikation på. Vårt syfte med denna studie är att försöka förstå den form som den politiska kommunikationen på den politiska bloggen utgör. Hur ser kommunikationen ut och finns det några specifika kännetecken som kan karaktärisera just den politiska kommunikationen på den politiska bloggen? Målet är att kunna utforska den till synes framväxande genren och dess beståndsdelar samt att se vilka retoriska drag som genomsyrar den politiska kommunikationen inom den politiska bloggen och dess sfär. Den teoretiska ram vi har valt att arbeta med utgår ifrån teorierna kring kommunikation, genre och retorik. Men vi har också försökt att se den politiska bloggens konsekvenser ur ett opinionsbildningsperspektiv. Dessa teorier har sedan angripit de utvalda politiska bloggarna i en kvalitativ metod där materialet har bestått av fyra politiska bloggar.</p><p>Utöver att den politiska bloggen har en funktion som tenderar, genom kronologisk publicering, att likna en ordinär dagbok, så visar resultatet att den politiska bloggens framväxande genre gestaltas av en ironisk och sarkastisk kommunikation. Den politiska bloggens kommunikation sätter författaren på ”höga hästar” och ger utrymme för smutskastning och förlöjligande av andra. De politiska bloggarna är, trots sitt politiska syfte, också en mediekanal som ger möjlighet till personifiering. Genom bilder och generell personlig gestaltning finns det möjlighet att visa att det finns en person bakom det politiska budskapet. Detta kan därför ses förstärka ethos i den politiska kommunikationen. Ytterligare förstärkning av inläggens relevans görs genom både länkning till andra bloggare men framförallt till journalistiska källor. Detta kan ses vara en länkning som förstärker en trovärdighet men också en länkning som skapar en relation med journalister. Denna relation kan vara en ingång i den lilla sfär som tenderar att skapa en intern cirkel som i sin tur ger en ingång i opinionsbildningen.</p><p>Vi avslutar studien i en diskussion som mynnar ut i att den så välrenommerade gräsrotsjournalistiken förkastas då det krävs att bloggaren tar sig in i den elitistiska cirkeln för att kunna agera opinionsbildande. Den framgångsrike bloggaren är därmed endast till för några få nätverksbyggande och retoriskt kommunikativa personer.</p>
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Svensson, Tobias. "Gonzojournalistikens reflexioner : Perspektivism och romantisk ironi hos Hunter S. Thompson." Thesis, Mid Sweden University, Mid Sweden University, Department of Humanities, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-11810.
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<p>En sudie i gonzojournalistiken, dess innebörd och vad den förmedlar. Studien beskriver och kopplar gonzojournalistiken till romantikens teori och kunskapssyn och är uppdelad i två huvuddelar vilka beskriver perspektivismen samt den romantika ironi som rymms inom gonzojournalistikens teknik.</p>
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Gustavsson, Gunilla. "Ironins vara eller inte vara i skolan : En observationsstudie om ironi." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78135.
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I denna studentuppsats har jag valt att lägga fokus på ironi och dess förekomst i de lägre åldrarnas klassrum. Syfte med studien är att undersöka om det förekommer ironi i dagens Fk–3 klassrum och i vilka former det i sådana fall är. Undersökningen bygger på en observationsstudie i dels en årskurs 1, dels en årskurs 3, på en skola i mellansverige, där de frågeställningarna i arbetet ligger till grund. Resultatet i studien visar en indikation på att ironi förekommer, att det är något som förekommer både från lärare–elev och elev–lärare. Valet av litteratur har gjorts dels utifrån föreställningen att ironi anses vara opassande i de lägre åldrarnas klassrum, dels för att se barns förståelse för fenomenet.<br>This student paper focus on irony and its occurrence in the lower age class-room. The purpose of this study is to examine if there is irony in today’s Fk–3 classrooms and if so, what forms are there. The survey is based on a observa-tional study in a year one classroom and a year three classroom located in the middle of Sweden and it’s the issues in this work that form the basis. The results show an indication that irony exists, that there is something that exist between teacher–student and student–teacher. The choice of literature was made based on the notion that irony is considered inappropriate in the lower age classroom and to see children’s understanding of concept and phe-nomena.
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Larsson, Joakim. "Argument av stål : Ironi buren av text, musik och rörliga bilder." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-1289.
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<p>Denna reflekterande text innehåller teorier och arbetsmetoder jag använt mig av för att kunna skriva en ironisk sångtext, att samarbeta med en extern musikkompositör och att göra en animerad musikvideo.</p><p>Texten beskriver bakgrunden och mina mål samt förklarar begrepp och teorier som använts under arbetet. Teoridelen behandlar retorik (Hägg, 1998) (Hägg, 2002) och ironi (Booth, 1974) (Gustafsson, 2001), kontra- och synkroniseringspunkter (Chion, 1994) (Cook, 1981) och slutligen olika symbolers och ideograms betydelser (Liungman, 1974).</p><p>Vidare presenteras problem som uppstått under arbetets gång och hur jag har valt att lösa dessa. Det ges även kortare beskrivningar av hur arbetsprocessen sett ut för att skriva en ironisk sångtext, att få en musikkompositör att förstå min vision utan att jag har kunskaper inom musikproduktion eller dess terminologi, och hur jag gått tillväga under modellering, animering och postproduktion.</p><p>Texten avslutas med en diskussion där jag reflekterar över hur arbetet fungerat under projektets gång och vilka funderingar jag har över det slutliga resultatet. Slutsatsen är att ironi skapas med hjälp av att författaren lämnar ledtrådar i texten, känslan av konflikt kan skapas med hjälp av disharmoni och krockar mellan bildriktningar och att förberedelser och kommunikation är en av nycklarna till att delge utomstående en vision.</p>
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Huovinen, Miriam. "Ironi – ett vapen att framföra kritik : Allvarsam kritik levereras med humor i Miika Nousiainens roman Hallonbåtsflyktingen." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för slaviska och baltiska språk, finska, nederländska och tyska, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-152435.
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I denna uppsats har jag undersökt vad ironi är och hur den uppstår i Hallonbåtsflyktingen, en roman utgiven på finska av Miika Nousiainen (2007) och översatt till svenska av Mårten Westö (2009). Jag har utgått från Linda Hutcheons och Katharina Barbes teorier om ironi i min analys. Jag har även undersökt varför mottagandet av boken varit skiftande mellan Finland och Sverige. Ironins primära syfte är att framföra kritik och dess sekundära syfte är att roa. Kritiken i Hallonbåtsflyktingen framförs genom smicker på ett passivt aggressivt sätt. Det finska jämförs med det svenska genom stereotypen som kanal. Ironi uppstår genom inkongruens, när något inte stämmer i sammanhanget. Dessutom använder författaren upprepningar, förstoringar och förminskningar som metoder för att skapa ironi. Författaren har en intention, eller ett syfte med att skriva boken, men tolkningen av ironi sker i det osagda hos läsaren. Faktorer som läsarens bakgrundserfarenhet, värderingar och normer påverkar tolkningen. Eftersom läsaren i Finland har en annan historisk och kulturell bakgrund jämfört med läsaren i Sverige har mottagandet av boken varierat. En del läsare, i båda länderna, finner humorn i den medan andra inte uppskattar den. Maktaspekten går som en röd tråd genom boken och ironi i sig är ett vapen i kampen mot obalanser i maktförhållanden. Den har förmågan att förändra. Hallonbåtsflyktingen belyser maktobalanser inom bland annat politik och religion, kolonialism och postkolonialism, ekonomi samt genusfrågan.<br>In my study I have examined what irony consists of and how it arises in Hallonbåtsflyktingen, a novel written in Finnish by Miika Nousiainen (2007) and translated into Swedish by Mårten Westö (2009). As a base for my analysis I have used Linda Hutcheon’s and Katharina Barbe’s theories on irony. In addition, I have examined why the reception of the book differed between Finland and Sweden. The prime purpose of irony is to deliver criticism and its secondary purpose is to entertain. Criticism in Hallonbåtsflyktingen is delivered by flattery in a passive aggressive way. The Swedish society is compared to the Finnish society through stereotypes. Irony happens when something does not fit in the context. It is considered incongruent. Methods like repetition, hyperboles and meiosis are used to create irony. The author does have an intention with the book, a reason to write. However, irony happens when the reader interprets text in the unsaid. The reader’s background and values influence the interpretation. Since the Finnish reader has a different history and background compared to the Swedish reader the book’s reception has varied, to a large extent, between the countries. Some readers find it humorous whilst others do not appreciate the humour. Power issues are present throughout the book and irony in itself is a weapon in the fight against the issues. Irony has the ability to change power imbalances. In Hallonbåtsflyktingen power imbalances are implicitly criticised through irony in the areas of politics, religion, colonialism, postcolonialism, economics and gender imbalances.
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Näslund, Gustav. "Om retorisk och filosofisk ironi : En bakgrun till Vennbergs och Hellers ironier." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-24989.
Full textBooks on the topic "Ironi"
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Grunnet, Sanne Elisa. Ironi og subjektivitet: En studie over S. Kierkegaards disputats "Om begrebet ironi". C.A. Reitzel, 1987.
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A, Nurul Huda S. Melawan lupa: Paradoks-tragedi-ironi. Diterbitkan atas kerjasama antara AK Group dengan Fajar Pustaka Baru, 2003.
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Vedung, Evert. Statens markpolitik, kommunerna och historiens ironi. SNS Förlag, 1993.
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Christensen, Søren. Fakticitetens ironi: Facetter af kulturrelativismens idéhistorie. Aarhus universitetsforlag, 1994.
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Bøggild, Jacob. Ironiens tænker, tænkningens ironi: Kierkegaard læst retorisk. Museum Tusculanums forlag, 2002.
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Bøggild, Jacob. Ironiens tænker, tænkningens ironi: Kierkegaard læst retorisk. Museum Tusculanums Forlag : Københavns Universitet, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Ironi"
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Fauteck, Heinrich. "Kierkegaard, Søren: Om Begrebet Ironi med stadigt Hensyn til Socrates." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL). J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_4609-1.
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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of di[N,N′-ethylenebis(salicyledeneiminato)ironI(III)] pentacyanonitrosylferrate(II)." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, Magnetic Susceptibility Data, Volume 1. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62478-4_462.
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Martín Gascón, Beatriz. "Chapter 11. Irony in American-English tweets." In Current Issues in Linguistic Theory. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.366.11mar.
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The present study examines verbal irony from a cognitive linguistics perspective, based on Ruiz de Mendoza’s (2017) development of the echoic account and on big data. Built on previous research on the detection of Spanish ironic utterances in Twitter (Martín-Gascón, 2019), this investigation aims to analyze how American-English speakers conceptualize and express irony and compares findings to the Spanish ones. The dataset, initially consisting of 1,157,773,379 tweets from 248 countries and 66 languages, was first reduced to 27,517 tweets from English-speaking users in the United States using the words “irony”, “ironies”, and “ironic”, then to 605 containing the words as hashtag and finally to 495 tweets evincing implicit and explicit-echoic irony. An in-depth cognitive and qualitative analysis of the sample revealed the complexities of perceiving irony in written discourse and, therefore, the relevance of adding contextual ironic markers, such as hashtags, emojis, interjections, laughter typing and ironic phraseology, among others. In line with Martín-Gascón’s (2019) study, findings showed a higher use of positive and explicit-echoic irony as compared to implicit and negative irony. By drawing attention to the similarities and differences in the expression of irony, we expect to offer preliminary informed options for the design of pedagogical proposals that enhance not only the learners’ linguistic and ironic competencies, but also their intercultural awareness.
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Miller, Paul Allen. "Irony, Philosophy, and Revolution." In The Before and the After. punctum books, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53288/0446.1.03.
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If we “do justice” to Socrates—not as the Athenian people did, which Hegel considered just and necessary—but if we let him roam free, if we set no limit to the testing he does of us and our fellow citizens, then the Socratic impulse is both profoundly ironic and ultimately revolutionary: for this moment of irony is that in which new thought and new concepts can emerge, and this moment is a necessary, if not sufficient, cause of fundamental social change. To make this case for the revolutionary potential of irony and the movement of the concept, I enlist the help of Jacques Derrida. In particular, I will make use of his notion of “hauntology” as elaborated in Spectres of Marx and related works from the eighties and nineties.
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León, Rebeca Pérez. "The Ironic and Liberal Deficit in Rorty's Irony." In The Ethics of Richard Rorty. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003208150-20.
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Pero-Sanz Elorz, José Antonio, Daniel Fernández González, and Luis Felipe Verdeja. "Spheroidal Graphite Cast Irons (or Ductile Cast Iron)." In Physical Metallurgy of Cast Irons. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97313-5_7.
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Simonin, Olivier. "Chapter 4. Verbal irony, politeness… and three ironic types." In The Pragmatics of Irony and Banter. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lal.30.04sim.
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Thomson, J. A. K. "II." In Irony. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003621133-2.
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Thomson, J. A. K. "XIII." In Irony. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003621133-13.
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Thomson, J. A. K. "V." In Irony. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003621133-5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Ironi"
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Lu, Haiping, Zhenning Gu, Johnathon Brooks, et al. "The Development of Novel Laboratory Test Method for Scale Inhibitor Evaluation in the Presence of Ferrous Iron." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-14443.
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Abstract Ferrous iron is typically present in the brines of oil and gas production. Soluble iron is considered to adversely affect the performance of scale inhibitors against calcium carbonate scale. However, it is particularly difficult to prevent the oxidation of ferrous iron to form ferric iron with even trace amounts of oxygen in laboratory testing conditions. The oxide species of ferric iron have less solubility than the ferrous iron, and ferric hydroxide may adsorb scale inhibitors on its surface. Therefore, the presence of ferrous iron in laboratory testing poses a challenge for evaluating its effect on scale inhibitor performance. Recently, Kinetic Turbidity Test (KTT) has become a more recognized testing method for scale inhibitor evaluation. It is a novel laboratory test method using an Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer to monitor the formation of scales at various dosages of tested products as a function of reaction time. In the presence of ferrous iron, in order to keep oxygen away from the ambient environment during the test, the instrument was placed into an anaerobic chamber for maintaining low level of oxygen environment (&lt; 1 ppm O2 in the chamber) during the testing process. This paper presents the approach to conduct KTT in the present of ferrous iron, and compares the testing data with and without ferrous irons on scale inhibitor performance by KTT and anaerobic bottle testing for both calcite and calcium sulfate inhibition. The selected inhibitor chemistries include four different types of phosphonates (Phosphonate A, B, C, and D) and five polymer inhibitors (Polymer A, B, C, D, E). Results show that KTT provides an efficient and data-driven approach for evaluating scale inhibitor performance in the presence of ferrous iron. The mechanisms of scale formation and scale inhibitor performance under the effects of iron were discussed. This paper provides insight for scale treatment chemistry and dosage in the presence of iron.
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Hilton, N. P., N. Williams, E. W. Vetters, and S. Ronnie. "Refinery Reduces Crude Overhead Corrosion through Analysis and Online Control." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-4347.
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Abstract Crude overhead corrosion control is a major mechanical integrity concern within the refinery industry with several reported industry failures. Traditional corrosion monitoring and control revolves around periodic laboratory sampling analysis of the crude overhead sour water to determine the corrosive nature of the process (i.e. pH & Chlorides) and an indication of corrosion rates by the measurement of iron in the sour water. A Refinery, in the United Kingdom, is a typical refinery processing a wide variety of challenging crudes. As a result, controlling corrosion in their crude overhead system remains one of their biggest challenges. The refinery decided to trial a new automated analyzer for Crude Overhead Systems. The new analyzer is a patented approach, combining equipment and process control, allowing the refinery to continuously measure the boot water pH and automatically adjusting the neutralizer injection to achieve a control range, whilst also measuring chlorides and irons hourly. This system has allowed the refinery to control their neutralizer addition, gaining control of the pH and iron in the overhead system, thus controlling the crude overhead corrosive environment in real time. The instrument has also allowed in-depth understanding of how the process conditions can change (i.e. slate changes) and the effects these changes can have on the overhead corrosion control.
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Zorić Latovljev, Milena S., and Ljiljana Ž. Pešikan-Ljuštanović. "„KUSAM SUSAM, U PRSA SE BUSAM” – MESTO KRATKIH GOVORNIH FORMI U POEZIJI DEJANA ALEKSIĆA." In Književnost za decu u nauci i nastavi. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Jagodina, Serbia, 2024. https://doi.org/10.46793/kdnn23.235zl.
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The paper analyses selected poetry collections by Dejan Aleksić, from the point of view of the use of simple oral expressions, phrases and syntagms, which are commonly used in everyday speech. The starting premise is that Dejan Aleksić ironi- cally re-semantizes, and to certain extent de-semantizes elements of traditional culture, forming a humorous contrast based on unfulfilled expectations (for example, the Alazon blowing in own trumpet is no longer a display of heroism and universally acknowledged virtues ‒ ability, strength, honesty, but celebrates gluttony – the devouring of the sesame). The relationship with oral literature and traditional culture is a feature which makes Aleksić’s poetry modern. Various forms of citation are, for the most part, the subject of comical deconstruction ‒ the poet’s playful use of traditional proverbs and sayings builds a comical disharmony and establishes a new picture of the world and the child.
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Neyhouse, Jeffrey R., Jose M. Aurrecoechea, J. Preston Montague, and John D. Lilley. "Cast Iron-Nickel Alloy for Industrial Gas Turbine Engine Applications." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68837.
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Austenitic ductile iron castings have traditionally been used for gas turbine exhaust components that require castability, good machinability, low thermal expansion, and high strength at elevated temperatures. The achievement of optimum properties in austenitic ductile irons hinges on the ability of the foundry to produce nodular graphite in the microstructure throughout the component. In large, complex components, consistently producing nodular graphite is challenging. A high-nickel steel alloy that is suitable for sand castings has been recently developed for industrial gas turbine engine applications. The alloy exhibits similar mechanical and physical properties to austenitic ductile irons, but with improved processability and ductility. This alloy is weldable and exhibits no secondary graphite phase. This paper presents the results of a characterization program conducted on a 35% nickel, high-alloy steel. The results are compared with an austenitic ductile iron of similar composition. Tensile and creep properties from ambient temperature to 760°C (1400°F) are included, along with fabrication experience gained during the manufacture of several sand cast components at Solar Turbines Incorporated. The alloy has been successfully adopted for gas turbine exhaust system components and other applications where austenitic ductile irons have traditionally been utilized. The low carbon content of austenitic steels permits improved weldabilty and processing characteristics over austenitic ductile irons. The enhancements provided by the alloy indicate that additional applications, as both austenitic ductile iron replacements and new components, will arise in the future.
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Shaukat, M. Mobeen, Hammad Masood, Neçar Merah, and Fadi Al-Badour. "Is Expensive More Environment Friendly? Comparative LCA of Three Home Appliances." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-71249.
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Abstract Due to rise in income and living standards in the developing world, there is a substantial growth in the use of home appliances. This growth is responsible for several environmental issues. Hence, there is a growing demand for energy efficient, environment friendly, and sustainable appliances. This study compares the environmental impacts of three home appliances using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Three irons of same power rating but with different prices (low, medium, and high) were selected for this study. First, energy consumption of these irons was measured and then they were disassembled to generate a detailed list of components, materials, and processes used to manufacture them. Next, LCA was conducted using SimaPro to compare the environmental impacts of these irons. Life cycle stages including material extraction, component manufacturing, assembly, distribution, and use were considered in LCA. Both ReCiPe mid-point and end-point environmental impacts were calculated. The results of this study showed that high-price iron was more environment friendly than the low-price iron.
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Leykum, Hannah. "Voice Quality in Verbal Irony: Electroglottographic Analyses of Ironic Utterances in Standard Austrian German." In Interspeech 2021. ISCA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2021-452.
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Loakman, Tyler, Aaron Maladry, and Chenghua Lin. "The Iron(ic) Melting Pot: Reviewing Human Evaluation in Humour, Irony and Sarcasm Generation." In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2023. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.findings-emnlp.444.
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Luz, Anthony I. M., Henrique Santos, Manoel M. P. Medeiros, and Rafael T. Anchiêta. "Improving Irony Detection by Balancing Methods and Feature Selection." In Brazilian Workshop on Social Network Analysis and Mining. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/brasnam.2023.230152.
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Irony is a linguistic phenomenon that can be seen as a funny or strange aspect of a situation that is very different from what is expected, using words that say the opposite of what they really mean, often as a joke, and with a voice that shows that. When it is just text, detecting irony becomes quite challenging. In this paper, we adopt an approach organized into three stages: feature extraction, sampling techniques, and feature selection to detect ironic texts written in the Portuguese language. We evaluate our strategy on the IDPT corpus and achieve 0.55 balanced accuracy, outperforming state-of-the-art results. Moreover, we found out that both sampling techniques and feature selection may improve the results.
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Patel, Dhruv, Devendra Parmar, and Siddharthsinh Jadeja. "Influence of Ca-Ba and Sr Base Inoculants on Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Grey and Ductile Cast Irons." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86448.
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Microstructural adaptation of cast iron alloys by inoculation is a well-known practice to swell their mechanical properties. In foundries, several inoculants have been used to refine grain structure, and to obtain uniform distribution of graphite flakes. Inoculation is one of the most critical steps in cast iron production. The effectiveness of inoculants depends on melt temperature, method of addition, type of inoculants, and holding time. In this paper, the effect of Ca-based, Ba-based, Ca-Ba based and Sr-based inoculants on microstructure and tensile properties of grey cast iron IS-210 and spheroidal graphite iron IS-1862 is reported. Results showed both Ca and Ba based inoculants were effective in obtaining uniform distribution of flaky and nodular graphite in IS-210, and IS-1862 cast irons, respectively. But in a case of Sr-based inoculant were highly effective for increase the nodularity of SG cast iron as well as succeed supreme yield strength for both grey and ductile cast iron. The amounts of ferrite in the as-cast matrix are excess with controlled granulometry for elimination of primary carbide in Sr-based inoculant.
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Макаренко, Константин, Konstantin Makarenko, Александр Никитин, and Alexander Nikitin. "Fractal Analysis of Morphological Parameters of the Structure Materials." In 29th International Conference on Computer Graphics, Image Processing and Computer Vision, Visualization Systems and the Virtual Environment GraphiCon'2019. Bryansk State Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/graphicon-2019-2-240-243.
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It is proposed to use the methods of fractal analysis to determine the morphological characteristics of the structure of structural materials. The questions of fractal aggregation of particles in the process of crystallization of ductile iron are considered, an austenitic-graphite cell is used as an elementary particle. Based on the mesh method, images of the microstructure of ductile irons are analysed and conclusions are drawn about the similarity of the nature of the process of their crystallization and fractal aggregation of particles. Based on the calculated fractal dimensions, a theory is proposed to explain the features of the crystallization process of ductile irons.
Reports on the topic "Ironi"
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Kanner, Joseph, Dennis Miller, Ido Bartov, John Kinsella, and Stella Harel. The Effect of Dietary Iron Level on Lipid Peroxidation of Muscle Food. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604282.bard.
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Biological oxidations are almost exclusively metal ion-promoted reactions and in ths respect iron, being the most abundant, is the commonly involved. The effect of dietary iron levels on pork, turkey and chick muscle lipid peroxidation and various other related compounds were evaluated. Crossbred feeder pigs were fed to market weight on corn-soy rations containing either 62, 131 or 209 ppm iron. After slaughter, the muscles were dissected, cooked and stored at 4°C. Heavily fortifying swine rations with iron (>200 ppm) increase nn-heme iron (NHI), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and decrease a-tocopherol in cooked stored pork but did not increase warmed-over aroma (WOA). NHI and TBARS were higher in cooked pork from pigs fed high-iron diets. Liver iron correlated with muscle iron. TBARS were strongly related with WOA. The role of dietary vitamin E and ascorbic acid on Fe-induced in vivo lipid peroxidation in swine was also evaluated. Moderate elevation in iron stores had a marked effect on oxidative stress, especially as indicated by liver TBARS. Supplemental vitamin E, and to a lesser extent vitamin C, protect against this oxidative stress. Unsupplementation of Fe in the regular diet of turkeys did not affect body weight, blood hemoglobin level, or iron pool in the liver or muscle. The reason being that it contained "natural" ~120 mg Fe/kg feed, and this amount is high enough to keep constant the pool of iron in the body, liver or muscle tissues. Only Fe-supplementation with high amounts of Fe (500 ppm) significantly increased turkey blood hemoglobin and total iron in the liver, in 1 out of 3 experiments, but only slightly affects iron pool in the muscles. It seems that the liver accumulates very high concentations of iron and significantly regulates iron concentration in skeletal muscles. For this reason, it was very difficult to decrease muscle stability in turkeys through a diet containing high levels of Fe-supplementation. It was shown that the significant increase in the amount of iron (total and "free") in the muscle by injections with Fe-dextran accelerated its lipid peroxidation rate and decreased its a-tocopherol concentration. The level and metabolism of iron in the muscles affects the intensity of in vivo lipid peroxidation. This process was found to ifluence the turnover and accumulation of a-tocopherol in turkey and chick muscles. Treatments which could significantly decrease the amount and metabolism of iron pool in muscle tissues (or other organs) may affect the rate of lipid peroxidation and the turnover of a-tocopherol. Several defense enzymes were determined and found in the turkey muscle, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Glutathione peroxidase was more active in muscles with a high trend of lipid peroxidation, lmore so in drumsticks than in breast muscles, or muscles with a low a-tocopherol content. The activity of glutathione peroxidase increased several fold in muscle stored at 4°C. Our work demonstrated that it will be much more practical to increase the stability of muscle tissues in swine, turkeys and chickens during storage and processing by increasing the amount of vitamin E in the diet than by withdrawing iron supplementation.
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OSIYANOVA, A., and I. FALALEEVA. THE SPECIFICS OF THE TRANSLATION OF IRONY IN MARGARET MITCHELL’S NOVEL “GONE WITH THE WIND”. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-2-3-23-30.
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This article examines the specifics of the translation of irony in Margaret Mitchell’s novel “Gone with The Wind”. The relevance of the article lies in the problems of translating an artistic technique from English into Russian. The purpose of the article is to identify the definition of the term “irony” and ways to translate it based on the works of scientists. The research methodology consists of analyzing the techniques of translating quotations from the original text of the novel and its translation. As a result of the study, the most effective translation techniques were identified, such as: complete translation with minor lexical or grammatical transformations; antonymic translation; addition of semantic components; cultural and situational substitution. The specifics of the translation of irony in the text using transformation techniques were also determined, due to the special role of this literary technique in the context of the novel. The theoretical basis of this article is the classification of translation techniques by T. A. Kazakova. The conclusions of the study show which are the most effective translation techniques used in translating the artistic technique “irony” from English into Russian.
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Cruse, Helen, Timothy Yates, and Muhammad Yazdani. Review of progress of the Iron Mains Risk Reduction Programme (IMRRP) 2013 to 2023. HSE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69730/hse.24rr1216.
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Iron mains within the natural gas distribution network are subject to corrosion and brittle failure. These failures give rise to gas escapes and the consequent risk of fire and explosion. To address this issue, the Gas Distribution Network operators (GDNs) are undertaking a 30-year programme of iron mains risk reduction (IMRRP). This technical review provides an independent analysis of the safety benefits realised by the decommissioning programme. The conclusions of this review will be used by HSE to inform the next iteration of the Iron Mains Enforcement Policy for the period 2026 to 2032.
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Sapkota, Yadav, and Jacob Berkowitz. Technical recommendations for the identification and management of potential acid sulfate soils in an ecological restoration context. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2025. https://doi.org/10.21079/11681/49729.
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Restoration projects are being implemented to address natural and anthropogenic threats to coastal wetlands, including increased inundation and historic land use alterations. The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and other organizations introduce dredged sediments into coastal environments to increase elevation and stabilize marsh platforms. However, some dredged sediments either contain iron sulfide compounds (i.e., iron monosulfide [FeS] and pyrite [FeS₂]) or form them after application. Under aerobic conditions, FeS and FeS₂ can rapidly oxidize, which generates acidity that can dramatically lower the soil pH, impacts plant establishment, and threatens the success of wetland restoration projects. Recommendations are needed to properly manage iron sulfide containing materials through project design, screening, monitoring, and adaptive management. Tools and techniques exist to evaluate dredged sediments for the presence of FeS and FeS₂ prior to and following marsh sediment applications, and project design and construction approaches can minimize associated acidification risks. This report provides a framework for properly identifying and managing sediments containing iron sulfide minerals during wetland restoration projects. These technical recommendations provide dredged sediment beneficial use practitioners a decision support tool for the successful management of iron sulfide containing dredged sediments to increase the ecological function and sustainability of coastal wetlands.
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Jackson, G. D. Bedrock geology, northwest part of Nuluujaak Mountain, Baffin Island, Nunavut, part of NTS 37-G/5. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/314670.
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The map area lies about 40 km northwest of Baffinland's iron mine. Dykes of unit mAnA3 within unit mAnA2 suggest that unit mAnA2 predates unit mAnA3. Unit nAMqf, basal Mary River Group unit, includes regolith material from units mAnA2 and mAnA3. Unit mAnAm may include some dykes of unit nAMb. The Mary River Group was deposited in a volcanic-arc environment, yielding zircon U-Pb ages mostly in the range of 2.88 to 2.72 Ga. Iron-formation (unit nAMi) is approximately 276 m thick locally, with oxide facies (unit nAMio) being most abundant. The quartzite triangle west of 'Iron lake' (unofficial name) may be a small horst. The main east-west-trending synclinal fold, including the area around 'Iron lake' and the no. 4 ore deposit, is upright, nearly isoclinal, and plunges mostly easterly at both ends with small scale anticlines and synclines in the middle. Magnetite constitutes about 75% of high-grade iron deposits in the north limb, whereas hematite predominates in south-limb deposits. K-Ar and Rb-Sr ages indicate middle Paleoproterozoic overprinting. Central Borden Fault Zone was active at ca. 1.27 Ga and during or after Ordovician time. Note: please be aware that the information contained in CGM 408 is based on legacy data from the 1960-1990s and that it has been superseded by regional-scale information contained in CGM 403.
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Gross, G. A. Stratiform iron. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/207954.
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Gross, G. A. Skarn iron. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/208022.
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Morkun, Volodymyr, Natalia Morkun, Andrii Pikilnyak, Serhii Semerikov, Oleksandra Serdiuk, and Irina Gaponenko. The Cyber-Physical System for Increasing the Efficiency of the Iron Ore Desliming Process. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4373.
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It is proposed to carry out the spatial effect of high-energy ultrasound dynamic effects with controlled characteristics on the solid phase particles of the ore pulp in the deslimer input product to increase the efficiency of thickening and desliming processes of iron ore beneficiation products. The above allows predicting the characteristics of particle gravitational sedimentation based on an assessment of the spatial dynamics of pulp solid- phase particles under the controlled action of high-energy ultrasound and fuzzy logical inference. The object of study is the assessment of the characteristics and the process of control the operations of thickening and deslaming of iron ore beneficiation products in the conditions of the technological line of the ore beneficiation plant. The subject of study is a cyber-physical system based on the use of high-energy ultrasound radiation pressure effects on iron-containing beneficiation products in the technological processes of thickening and desliming. The working hypothesis of the project is that there is a relationship between the physical-mechanical and chemical-mineralogical characteristics of the iron ore pulp solid- phase particles and their behavior in technological flows under the influence of controlled ultrasonic radiation, based on which the imitation modeling of the gravitational sedimentation process of the iron ore pulp solid-phase particles can be performed directly in the technological process. Also, the optimal control actions concerning the processes of thickening and desliming can be determined.
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Baldwin, Richard. PR-015-084508-R01 Contaminants in Sales Gas Pipelines Sources Removal and Treatment. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010029.
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The objective of this project is to provide information about a problem material found in gas pipelines called "black powder". It is a mixture or a chemical compound of iron sulfides, iron oxides, dirt, sand, salts, chlorides, water, glycols, hydrocarbons and compressor oils, mill scale, or other materials. The most common constituents, iron compounds of sulfur or oxygen, are corrosion products. In addition to chemical formation, black powder can be formed by microbes normally found in gas pipelines. This material causes machinery, measurement, and pipeline maintenance problems. This research investigates the forms of iron sulfides, their characteristics, and methods of formation and whether the molecular form can be an indicator of the source of the material. A sampling protocol was developed for proper collection of materials for analysis. Seventeen corrosion samples were collected and analyzed for material constituents and microbial content. The results of this testing were anonymously tabulated in a database. Other tasks in this project include guidelines for removal, handling, and disposal of the material. It discusses symptomatic versus root cause treatments for the prevention and control of black powder, and the corporate culture necessary to manage the problem. It presents recently developed technologies for cleaning or treating a pipeline containing black powder, such as cleaning and anti-microbial agents containing THPS which dissolve iron sulfides, and the use of magnetic filtration. The final task describes concepts for identifying the location of black powder in an operating pipeline and places to look and methods to use to best determine the distribution of the material.
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Hersman, L. E., and G. Sposito. Microbial acquisition of iron from ferric iron bearing minerals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/562540.
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