Relevant bibliographies by topics / Irreversible Thermodynamik

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Academic literature on the topic 'Irreversible Thermodynamik'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Irreversible Thermodynamik"

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Schönert, H., and D. Urban. "Materialien und irreversible Thermodynamik: Einführung in die Thermodynamik der irreversiblen Prozesse. Von H. Baur. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1984. X, 231 S., 26 Abb., kart. DM 39,-. ISBN 3-534-07323-1." Nachrichten aus Chemie, Technik und Laboratorium 33, no. 7 (July 1985): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nadc.19850330711.

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Bryant, Samuel J., and Benjamin B. Machta. "Energy dissipation bounds for autonomous thermodynamic cycles." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 7 (February 4, 2020): 3478–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915676117.

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How much free energy is irreversibly lost during a thermodynamic process? For deterministic protocols, lower bounds on energy dissipation arise from the thermodynamic friction associated with pushing a system out of equilibrium in finite time. Recent work has also bounded the cost of precisely moving a single degree of freedom. Using stochastic thermodynamics, we compute the total energy cost of an autonomously controlled system by considering both thermodynamic friction and the entropic cost of precisely directing a single control parameter. Our result suggests a challenge to the usual understanding of the adiabatic limit: Here, even infinitely slow protocols are energetically irreversible.
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Razzitte, Adrián César, Luciano Enciso, Marcelo Gun, and María Sol Ruiz. "Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics and Entropy Production in Simulation of Electrical Tree Growth." Proceedings 46, no. 1 (November 17, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecea-5-06683.

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In the present work we applied the nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory in the analysis of the dielectric breakdown (DB) process. As the tree channel front moves, the intense field near the front moves electrons and ions irreversibly in the region beyond the tree channel tips where electromechanical, thermal and chemical effects cause irreversible damage and, from the nonequilibrium thermodynamic viewpoint, entropy production. From the nonequilibrium thermodynamics analysis, the entropy production is due to the product of fluxes Ji and conjugated forces Xi: σ = ∑iJiXi ≥ 0. We consider that the coupling between fluxes can describe the dielectric breakdown in solids as a phenomenon of transport of heat, mass and electric charge.
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WANG, LIQIU. "AN APPROACH FOR THERMODYNAMIC REASONING." International Journal of Modern Physics B 10, no. 20 (September 15, 1996): 2531–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979296001124.

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Re-examination of classical thermodynamics exposes some problems. The introduction of a new reasoning approach leads to a new branch of classical thermodynamics — structural thermodynamics. An inequality principle of thermodynamic state variables decouples structure of a process set with its working medium. The introduction of optimization into thermodynamic analyses changes the attitude of classical thermodynamics from observing/describing systems to controlling/optimizing the systems. To illustrate the approach, structural thermodynamic analyses are performed for reversible heat engines and a class of irreversible heat engines. This leads to and extends the classical Carnot theory.
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Chen, M. "Dynamical stability and thermodynamic stability in irreversible thermodynamics." Journal of Mathematical Physics 32, no. 3 (March 1991): 744–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.529365.

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Pekař, Miloslav. "Thermodynamics and foundations of mass-action kinetics." Progress in Reaction Kinetics and Mechanism 30, no. 1-2 (June 2005): 3–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/007967405777874868.

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A critical overview is given of phenomenological thermodynamic approaches to reaction rate equations of the type based on the law of mass-action. The review covers treatments based on classical equilibrium and irreversible (linear) thermodynamics, extended irreversible, rational and continuum thermodynamics. Special attention is devoted to affinity, the applications of activities in chemical kinetics and the importance of chemical potential. The review shows that chemical kinetics survives as the touchstone of these various thermody-namic theories. The traditional mass-action law is neither demonstrated nor proved and very often is only introduced post hoc into the framework of a particular thermodynamic theory, except for the case of rational thermodynamics. Most published “thermodynamic'’ kinetic equations are too complicated to find application in practical kinetics and have merely theoretical value. Solely rational thermodynamics can provide, in the specific case of a fluid reacting mixture, tractable rate equations which directly propose a possible reaction mechanism consistent with mass conservation and thermodynamics. It further shows that affinity alone cannot determine the reaction rate and should be supplemented by a quantity provisionally called constitutive affinity. Future research should focus on reaction rates in non-isotropic or non-homogeneous mixtures, the applicability of traditional (equilibrium) expressions relating chemical potential to activity in non-equilibrium states, and on using activities and activity coefficients determined under equilibrium in non-equilibrium states.
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Ganghoffer, Jean-François, and Rachid Rahouadj. "Thermodynamic formulations of continuum growth of solid bodies." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 22, no. 5 (December 10, 2015): 1027–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286515616228.

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The thermodynamics of open systems exchanging mass, heat, energy, and entropy with their environment is examined as a convenient unifying framework to describe the evolution of growing solid bodies in the context of volumetric growth. Following the theory of non-equilibrium thermodynamics (NET) introduced by De Donder and followers from the Brussels School of Thermodynamics, the formulation of the NET of irreversible processes for multicomponent solid bodies is shortly reviewed. In the second part, extending the framework of NET to open thermodynamic systems, the balance laws for continuum solid bodies undergoing growth phenomena incorporating mass sources and mass fluxes are expressed, leading to a formulation of the second principle highlighting the duality between irreversible fluxes and conjugated driving forces. A connection between NET and the open system thermodynamic formulation for growing continuum solid bodies is obtained by interpreting the balance laws with source terms as contributions from an external reservoir of nutrients.
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Bryant, M. D., M. M. Khonsari, and F. F. Ling. "On the thermodynamics of degradation." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 464, no. 2096 (April 8, 2008): 2001–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2007.0371.

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The science base that underlies modelling and analysis of machine reliability has remained substantially unchanged for decades. Therefore, it is not surprising that a significant gap exists between available machinery technology and science to capture degradation dynamics for prediction of failure. Further, there is a lack of a systematic technique for the development of accelerated failure testing of machinery components. This article develops a thermodynamic characterization of degradation dynamics, which employs entropy, a measure of thermodynamic disorder, as the fundamental measure of degradation; this relates entropy generation to irreversible degradation and shows that components of material degradation can be related to the production of corresponding thermodynamic entropy by the irreversible dissipative processes that characterize the degradation. A theorem that relates entropy generation to irreversible degradation, via generalized thermodynamic forces and degradation forces, is constructed. This theorem provides the basis of a structured method for formulating degradation models consistent with the laws of thermodynamics. Applications of the theorem to problems involving sliding wear and fretting wear, caused by effects of friction and associated with tribological components, are presented.
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Chimal, J. C., N. Sánchez, and PR Ramírez. "Thermodynamic Optimality criteria for biological systems in linear irreversible thermodynamics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 792 (January 2017): 012082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/792/1/012082.

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Jou, D., J. Casas-Vazquez, J. A. Robles-Dominguez, and L. S. Garcia Colin. "Linear Burnett coefficients and thermodynamic fluctuations in extended irreversible thermodynamics." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 137, no. 1-2 (July 1986): 349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4371(86)90081-6.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Irreversible Thermodynamik"

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Leonhardt, Karsten. "Optimierte irreversible Thermodynamik: Modell einer stochastischen Wärmekraftmaschine." Thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200901382.

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Für mikroskopische Teilchen, die sich durch eine überdämpfte Fockker-Planck-Gleichung beschreiben lassen, werden thermodynamische Größen definiert. Es wird ein Ausdruck für die irreversible Arbeit berechnet. Weiterhin wird ein Kreisprozess konstruiert und für diesen der Wirkungsrad am Punkt maximaler Leistung berechnet. Als Spezialfall wird dann ein Teilchen in einem harmonischen Potential betrachtet. Alle Ergebnisse stammen bereits aus einer Veröffentlichung, es werden jedoch hier alle Berechnungen angegeben.
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Boldt, Frank. "A Framework for Modeling Irreversible Processes Based on the Casimir Companion." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-145179.

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Thermodynamic processes in finite time are in general irreversible. But there are chances to avoid irreversibility. For instance, there are canonical ensembles of special quantum systems with a given probability distribution describing the likelihood to find the system at time t=0 in a particular state with energy E_i(0), which can be controlled in a specific way, such that the initial probability distribution is recovered at the end of the process (t=T), but the state energies did change, hence E_i(0) is not equal to E_i(T). This allows to change thermodynamic quantities (expectation values) adiabatically, reversibly and in finite time. Such special processes are called Shortcuts to Adiabaticity. The presented thesis analyzes the origin of these shortcuts utilizing special Hamiltonian systems with dynamical algebra. Their main feature is to provide canonical invariance, which means a canonical ensemble stays canonical under Hamiltonian dynamics. This invariance carried by the dynamical algebra will be discussed using Lie group theory. In addition, the persistence of the dynamical algebra with respect to calculating expectation values will be deduced. This allows to benefit from all intrinsic symmetries within the discussion of ensemble trajectories. In consequence, these trajectories will evolve under Hamiltonian dynamics on a specific manifold given by the so-called Casimir companion. In addition, the deformation of this manifold due to non-Hamiltonian (dissipative) dynamics will be discussed, which allows to present a framework for modeling irreversible processes based on Hamiltonian systems with dynamical algebra. An application of this framework based on the parametric harmonic oscillator will be presented by determining time-optimal controls for transitions between two equilibrium as well as between non-equilibrium and equilibrium states. The latter one will lead to time-optimal equilibration strategies for a statistical ensemble of parametric harmonic oscillators
Thermodynamische Prozesse in endlicher Zeit sind im Allgemeinen irreversibel. Es gibt jedoch Möglichkeiten, diese Irreversibilität zu umgehen. Ein kanonisches Ensemble eines speziellen quantenmechanischen Systems kann zum Beispiel auf eine ganz spezielle Art und Weise gesteuert werden, sodass nach endlicher Zeit T wieder eine kanonische Besetzungverteilung hergestellt ist, sich aber dennoch die Energie des Systems geändert hat (E(0) ungleich E(T)). Solche Prozesse erlauben das Ändern thermodynamischer Größen (Ensemblemittelwerte) der erwähnten speziellen Systeme in endlicher Zeit und auf eine adiabatische und reversible Art. Man nennt diese Art von speziellen Prozessen Shortcuts to Adiabaticity und die speziellen Systeme hamiltonsche Systeme mit dynamischer Algebra. Die vorliegende Dissertation hat zum Ziel den Ursprung dieser Shortcuts to Adiabaticity zu analysieren und eine Methodik zu entwickeln, die es erlaubt irreversible thermodynamische Prozesse adequat mittels dieser speziellen Systeme zu modellieren. Dazu wird deren besondere Eigenschaft ausgenutzt, die kanonische Invarianz, d.h. ein kanonisches Ensemble bleibt kanonisch bezüglich hamiltonscher Dynamik. Der Ursprung dieser Invarianz liegt in der dynamischen Algebra, die mit Hilfe der Theorie der Lie-Gruppen näher betrachtet wird. Dies erlaubt, eine weitere besondere Eigenschaft abzuleiten: Die Ensemblemittelwerte unterliegen ebenfalls den Symmetrien, die die dynamische Algebra widerspiegelt. Bei näherer Betrachtung befinden sich alle Trajektorien der Ensemblemittelwerte auf einer Mannigfaltigkeit, die durch den sogenannten Casimir Companion beschrieben wird. Darüber hinaus wird nicht-hamiltonsche/dissipative Dynamik betrachtet, welche zu einer Deformation der Mannigfaltigkeit führt. Abschließend wird eine Zusammenfassung der grundlegenden Methodik zur Modellierung irreversibler Prozesse mittels hamiltonscher Systeme mit dynamischer Algebra gegeben. Zum besseren Verständnis wird ein ausführliches Anwendungsbeispiel dieser Methodik präsentiert, in dem die zeitoptimale Steuerung eines Ensembles des harmonischen Oszillators zwischen zwei Gleichgewichtszuständen sowie zwischen Gleichgewichts- und Nichtgleichgewichtszuständen abgeleitet wird
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De, Lucca Brenno Jason Sanzio Peter. "Linear irreversible thermodynamics." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20975/.

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In questa tesi tratteremo il problema di costruire una teoria termodinamica per trasformazioni su un sistema passante per stati di non-equilibrio. Cercando di generalizzare a sistemi che non sono all’equilibrio, rilasseremo la richiesta che siano in equilibrio globalmente. Lo stato termodinamico sarà univocamente determinato da un insieme di parametri termodinamici definiti localmente, della stessa natura e significato fisico dei parametri usati nella termodinamica classica. Le molteplici assunzioni necessarie al fine di avere una teoria mesoscopica comunque predittiva verranno giustificate a posteriori, quando possibile, in base alle predizioni che da tale modello nasceranno. In particolare ci concentreremo sugli effetti termoelettrici di Thompson, Seebeck e Peltier, esempi storici di grande rilevanza nel campo della termodinamica del non-equilibrio.
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Amezawa, Koji. "Irreversible Thermodynamic Studies on Electrochemical Systems." Kyoto University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/77878.

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De, Koeijer Gelein M. "Energy efficient operation of distillation columns and a reactor applying irreversible thermodynamics." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-539.

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In this thesis the entropy production rate of diabatic distillation columns and a SO2 converter were minimised. This is the same as maximising the second law energy efficiency of the systems. The development of chemical industry can be made more sustainable by knowing this minimum. We found that the entropy production rate of distillation could be reduced up to 50%. In order to achieve this reduction, heat exchangers were added on each tray. The characteristics of an optimum distillation column were presented. Furthermore, the entropy production rate of a SO2 converter was reduced with 16.7% by altering the heights of catalytic beds, transfer areas of heat exchangers, and temperature differences over heat exchangers. These reductions show that there is still a large improvement potential in chemical industry. By applying the improved operations the world oil production can be reduced in the order of magnitude of 1%. A similar reduction in the emission of the greenhouse gas CO2 can be expected.

For deriving the entropy production rate in a systematic manner the theory of irreversible thermodynamics was useful. A simpler and a more complicated equation for the entropy production rate of distillation were derived. The simpler equation used only one force-flux product. It was suitable for minimisation of the entropy production rate of columns with the assumption of equilibrium between the outlets on each tray. The more complicated equation was able to describe satisfactorily the entropy production rate of an experimental column that separated the non-ideal mixture water-ethanol. It was next used to derive an extended set of transport equations for distillation, that includes the interface and the Soret effect (or thermal diffusion). Finally, irreversible thermodynamics was used to describe the contributions to the entropy production rate of heat transfer in heat exchangers. This contribution had a significant impact on the results of the minimisations.

A method that can provide the chemical industry the thermodynamically optimum operation of distillation columns and reactors was constructed and exemplified. Once the system and its boundaries are determined, the objective function with its constraints and variables are set up. Several suitable minimisation procedures exist. Finally, the design of the thermodynamically optimum system is obtained from the state of minimum entropy production rate.

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Ramirez, Estay Hector. "Control of irreversible thermodynamic processes using port-Hamiltonian systems defined on pseudo-Poisson and contact structures." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10033/document.

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Dans cette thèse nous présentons les résultats sur l'emploi des systèmes Hamiltoniens à port et des systèmes de contact commandés pour la modélisation et la commande de systèmes issus de la Thermodynamique Irréversible. Premièrement nous avons défini une classe de pseudo-systèmes Hamiltoniens à port, appelée systèmes Hamiltoniens à port irréversibles, qui permet de représenter simultanément le premier et le second principe de la Thermodynamique et inclut des modèles d'échangeurs thermiques ou de réacteurs chimiques. Ces systèmes ont été relevés sur l'espace des phases thermodynamiques muni d’une forme de contact, définissant ainsi une classe de systèmes de contact commandés, c'est-à-dire des systèmes commandés non-linéaires définis par des champs de contacts stricts. Deuxièmement, nous avons montré que seul un retour d'état constant préserve la forme de contact et avons alors résolu le problème d'assignation d'une forme de contact en boucle fermée. Ceci a mené à la définition de systèmes de contact entrée-sortie et l'analyse de leur équivalence par retour d'état. Troisièmement, nous avons montré que les champs de contact n'étaient en général pas stables en leur zéros et avons alors traité du problème de la stabilisation sur une sous-variété de Legendre en boucle fermée
This doctoral thesis presents results on the use of port Hamiltonian systems (PHS) and controlled contact systems for modeling and control of irreversible thermodynamic processes. Firstly, Irreversible PHS (IPHS) has been defined as a class of pseudo-port Hamiltonian system that expresses the first and second principle of Thermodynamics and encompasses models of heat exchangers and chemical reactors. These IPHS have been lifted to the complete Thermodynamic Phase Space endowed with a natural contact structure, thereby defining a class of controlled contact systems, i.e. nonlinear control systems defined by strict contact vector fields. Secondly, it has been shown that only a constant control preserves the canonical contact structure, hence a structure preserving feedback necessarily shapes the closed-loop contact form. The conditions for state feedbacks shaping the contact form have been characterized and have lead to the definition of input-output contact systems. Thirdly, it has been shown that strict contact vector fields are in general unstable at their zeros, hence the condition for the the stability in closed-loop has been characterized as stabilization on some closed-loop invariant Legendre submanifolds
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Wagner, Katharina. "A graphic based interface to Endoreversible Thermodynamics." Master's thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A18967.

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Acosta, Iglesias Dagoberto. "ON THE EMERGENT ASPECTS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS IN RELATION TO THE THERMODYNAMICS OF IRREVERSIBLE PROCESSES AND EMERGENT GRAVITY." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/36530.

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This PhD thesis elaborates on a proposal made by the Dutch theoretical physicist G. 't Hooft (1999 Nobel prize in physics), to the effect that quantum mechanics is the emergent theory of some underlying, deterministic theory. According to this proposal, information-loss effects in the underlying deterministic theory lead to the arrangement of states of the latter into equivalence classes, that one identifies as quantum states of the emergent quantum mechanics. In brief, quantisation is dissipation, according to 't Hooft. In our thesis we present two mechanisms whereby quantum mechanics is explicitly seen to emerge, thus explicitly realising 't Hooft's proposal. The first mechanism makes use of Verlinde's approach to classical mechanics and general relativity via holographic screens. This technique, first presented in 2010 in order to understand the emergent nature of spacetime and gravity, is applied in our thesis to the case of quantum mechanics. The second mechanism presented to support 't Hooft's statement is based on a dictionary, also developed by the authors, between semiclassical quantum mechanics, on the one hand, and the classical theory of irreversible thermodynamics, on the other. This thermodynamical formalism, established by Nobel prize winners Onsager and Prigogine, can be easily mapped into that of semi-classical quantum mechanics.
Acosta Iglesias, D. (2012). ON THE EMERGENT ASPECTS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS IN RELATION TO THE THERMODYNAMICS OF IRREVERSIBLE PROCESSES AND EMERGENT GRAVITY [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/36530
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PEREA, CÓRDOBA MILTÓN HENRY. "On the semiclassical limit of emergent quantum mechanics, as a classical thermodynamics of irreversible processes in the linear regime." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/54840.

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[EN] Motivated by the conceptual problems concerning the quantisation of gravity, the Dutch theoretical physicist G. 't Hooft (1999 Nobel prize in physics) put forward the notion that quantum mechanics must be the emergent theory of some underlying, deterministic theory. This proposal usually goes by the name quantum mechanics as an emergent phenomenon. This research line, initiated by 't Hooft in the late 1990's, has been the subject of intense research over the last 15 years, by 't Hooft himself as well as by many other researchers. In this PhD thesis we present our own approach to quantum mechanics as an emergent phenomenon. According to the emergence paradigm for quantum mechanics, information-loss effects in the underlying deterministic theory lead to the arrangement of states of the latter into equivalence classes, that one identifies as quantum states of the emergent quantum mechanics. In brief, quantisation is dissipation, according to 't Hooft. Moreover it has been argued in the literature that, in the presence of weak gravitational fields, quantum effects must be indistinguishable from thermal effects. Since the latter are typically dissipative in nature, the presence of a weak gravitational field should provide a framework in which quantum effects can be explained as due to thermal, dissipative fluctuations. Furthermore, since gravitational effects can be locally gauged away (thanks to the equivalence principle), there should exist some kind of equivalence principle for quantum effects, i.e., some kind of relativity principle for the notion of quantumness as opposed to the notion of classicality. In this PhD thesis we elaborate on this idea. Once a reference frame is fixed, however, quantum effects cannot be gauged away, and the statement quantisation is dissipation lends itself to a thermodynamical treatment. In this thesis we also present one mechanism whereby quantum mechanics is seen to emerge, thus explicitly realising 't Hooft's proposal. This mechanism is based on a dictionary between semiclassical quantum mechanics, on the one hand, and the classical theory of irreversible thermodynamics in the linear regime, on the other. This thermodynamical formalism, developed by Nobel prize winners Onsager and Prigogine, can be easily mapped into that of semiclassical quantum mechanics.
[ES] Motivado por los problemas conceptuales relativos a la cuantización de la gravedad, el físico teórico holandés G. 't Hooft (premio Nobel de física en 1999) sugirió la noción de que la mecánica cuántica pudiera ser la teoría emergente de alguna otra teoría determinista subyacente. Dicha propuesta se conoce como la mecánica cuántica en tanto que teoría emergente. Esta línea de investigación, iniciada por 't Hooft a finales de los años 90, ha sido objeto de intenso estudio a lo largo de los últimos 15 años, tanto por el mismo 't Hooft como por numerosos otros investigadores. En esta tesis doctoral presentamos nuestra propia aproximación a la mecánica cuántica como fenómeno emergente. De acuerdo con este paradigma emergente para la mecánica cuántica, son efectos de pérdida de información en la teoría determinista subyacente los que conducen a que los estados de ésta última se agrupen en clases de equivalencia, las cuales clases se identifican con los estados cuánticos de la mecánica cuántica emergente. En breve, la cuantización es disipación, según 't Hooft. Asimismo se ha argumentado en la literatura que, en presencia de campos gravitatorios débiles, los efectos cuánticos son indistinguibles de los efectos térmicos. Dado que éstos últimos son típicamente disipativos por naturaleza, la presencia de un campo gravitatorio débil debería proporcionar un entorno en el cual los efectos cuánticos puedan entenderse como debidos a fluctuaciones térmicas, disipativas. Además, dado que los campos gravitatorios pueden eliminarse localmente (gracias al principio de equivalencia), debería existir algún tipo de principio de equivalencia para los efectos cuánticos, i.e., algún tipo de principio de relatividad para la noción de cuanticidad, por oposición a la noción de clasicidad. En esta tesis doctoral elaboramos estas ideas. Sin embargo, una vez fijado un sistema de referencia, los efectos gravitatorios ya no pueden eliminarse, y la afirmación de que la cuantización es disipación se presta a un tratamiento termodinámico. En esta tesis también presentamos un mecanismo mediante el cual la mecánica cuántica se ve emerger, comprobándose así explícitamente la propuesta de 't Hooft. Este mecanismo se basa en un diccionario entre la mecánica cuántica semiclásica, por un lado, y la teoría clásica de la termodinámica irreversible en el régimen lineal, por otro lado. Dicho formalismo termodinámico, desarrollado por los premios Nobel Onsager y Prigogine, puede trasladarse fácilmente a la mecánica cuántica semiclásica.
[CAT] Motivat pels problemes conceptuals en relació a la quantització de la gravetat, el físic teóric holandés G. 't Hooft (premi Nobel de física en 1999) va suggerir la noció de que la mecànica quàntica pogués ser la teoria emergent d ' alguna altra teoria determinista subjacent. A questa proposta es coneix com a mecanica quantica en tant que teoria emergent. Aquesta línia d ' investigació, iniciada per 't Hooft a final dels anys 90, ha sigut intensament estudiada durant els últims 15 anys , tant pel mateix 't Hooft com per nombrosos altres investigadors. En aquesta tesi doctoral presentem la nostra própia aproximació a la mecànica quàntica com a fenomen emergent. D ' acord amb aquest paradigma emergent per a la mecànica quàntica, són efectes de pérdua d ' informació en la teoria determinista, subjacent els que condueixen a que els estats d ' aquesta última s ' agrupen en classes d ' equivalència, les quals s ' identifiquen amb els estats quàntics de la mecànica quàntica emergent. Breument, la quantització es dissipació segons 't Hooft. Aixímateix, s ' ha argumentat a la literatura que, en presència de camps gravitatoris febles, els efectes quàntics són indistingibles dels efectes tèrmics. Com aquests últims són típicament dissipatius per naturalesa, la presència d ' un camp gravitatori feble hauria de proporcionar un entorn en el qual els efectes quàntico es puguen entendre com deguts a fluctuacions tèrmiques, dissipatives. A més a més, com que els camps gravitatoris poden eliminar-se localment (gràcies al principi d ' equivalència), hauria d ' existir algun tipus de principi d ' equivalència per als efectes quàntics, i.e. , algun tipus de principi de relativitat per a la noció de quanticitat, per oposició a la noció de classicitat. En aquesta tesi doctoral elaborem aquestes idees. En canvi, una vegada fixat el sistema de referència, els efectes gravitatoris ja no poden eliminar-se, i l ' afirmació de que la quantització és dissipació es presta a un tractament termodinàmic. En aquesta tesi també presentem un mecanisme mitjançant el qual la mecànica quàntica es veu emergir, comprovant-se explícitament la proposta de 't Hooft. A quest mecanisme es basa en un diccionari entre la mecànica quàntica semiclàssica, d ' una banda, i la teoria clàssica de la termodinàmica irreversible en el règim lineal, d ' una altra banda. A quest formalisme termodinàmic, desenvolupat pels premis Nobel Onsager i Prigogine, pot traslladar-se fàcilment a la mecànica quàntica semiclàssica.
Perea Córdoba, MH. (2015). On the semiclassical limit of emergent quantum mechanics, as a classical thermodynamics of irreversible processes in the linear regime [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/54840
TESIS
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Schubert, Sven. "Stochastic and temperature-related aspects of the Preisach model of hysteresis." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-70798.

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Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, das Preisach-Modell bezüglich stochastischer äußerer Felder und temperaturbezogener Aspekte zu untersuchen. Das phänomenologische Preisach-Modell wird oft erfolgreich angewendet, um Systeme mit Hysterese zu beschreiben. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wird die Antwort des Preisach-Modells auf stochastische äußere Felder untersucht. Hier liegt das Augenmerk hauptsächlich auf der Autokorrelation; sie dient dazu den Einfluss des hysteretischen Gedächtnisses zu quantifizieren. Mit analytischen Methoden wird gezeigt, dass sich ein Langzeitgedächtnis, sichtbar in der Autokorrelation der Systemantwort, entwickeln kann, selbst wenn das treibende Feld unkorreliert ist. Im Anschluss werden diese Resultate, m.H. von Simulationen, auf äußere Felder ausgeweitet, die selbst Korrelationen aufweisen können. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Einfluss einer endlichen Temperatur auf das Preisach-Modell. Es werden unterschiedliche Methoden besprochen, wie das Nichtgleichgewichtsmodell in seiner mikromagnetischen Interpretation mit Temperatur als Gleichgewichtseigenschaft verknüpft werden kann. Eine Formulierung wird genutzt, um die Magnetisierung von Nickelnanopartikeln in einer Fullerenmatrix zu simulieren und mit Experimenten zu vergleichen. Des Weiteren wird die Relaxationsdynamik des Gedächtnisses des Preisach-Modells bei endlichen Temperaturen untersucht
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the Preisach model in regard to stochastically driving and temperature-related aspects. The Preisach model is a phenomenological model for systems with hysteresis which is often successfully applied. Hysteresis is a widespread phenomenon which is observed in nature and the key feature of certain technological applications. Further, it contributes to phenomena of interest in social science and economics as well. Prominent examples are the magnetization of ferromagnetic materials in an external magnetic field or the adsorption-desorption hysteresis observed in porous media. Hysteresis involves the development of a hysteresis memory, and multistability in the interrelations between external driving fields and system response. In the first part, we mainly investigate the response of Preisach hysteresis models driven by stochastic input processes with regard to autocorrelation functions to quantify the influence of the system’s memory. Using rigorous methods, it is shown that the development of a hysteresis memory is reflected in the possibility of long-time tails in the autocorrelation functions, even for uncorrelated driving fields. In the case of uncorrelated driving, these long-time tails in the autocorrelations of the system’s response are determined only by the tails of the involved densities. They will be observed if there are broad Preisach densities assigning a high weight to elementary loops of large width and narrow input densities such that rare extreme events of the input time series contribute significantly to the output for a long period of time. Afterwards, these results are extended by simulations to driving fields which themselves show correlations. It is shown that the autocorrelation of the output does not decay faster than the autocorrelation of the input process. Further, there is a possibility that long-term memory in the hysteretic response is more pronounced in the case of uncorrelated driving than in the case of correlated driving. The behavior of the output probability distribution at the saturation values is quite universal. It is not affected by the presence of correlations and allows conclusions whether the input density is much more narrow than the Preisach density or not. Moreover, the existence of effective Preisach densities is shown which define equivalence classes of systems of input and Preisach densities which lead to realizations of the same output variable. The asymptotic behavior of an effective Preisach density determines the asymptotic correlation decay of the system’s response in the case of uncorrelated driving. In the second part, temperature-related effects are considered. It is reviewed how the non-equilibrium Preisach model in its micromagnetic picture can be related to temperature within the framework of extended irreversible thermodynamics. The irreversible response of a ferromagnetic material, namely, Nickel nanoparticles in a fullerene matrix, is simulated. The model includes superparamagnetism where ferromagnetism breaks down at temperatures lower than the Curie temperature and the results are compared to experimental data. Furthermore, we adapt known results for the thermal relaxation of the system’s memory in the form of a front propagation in the Preisach plane derived basically from solving a master equation and by the use of a contradictory assumption. A closer look is taken at short time scales which dissolves the contradiction and shows that the known results apply, taking into account the fact that the dividing line propagation starts with an additional delay time depending on the front coordinates in the Preisach plane. Additionally, it is outlined how thermal relaxation behavior in the Preisach model of hysteresis can be studied using a Fokker-Planck equation. The latter is solved analytically in the non-hysteretic limit using eigenfunction methods. The results indicate a change in the relaxation behavior, especially on short time scales
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Books on the topic "Irreversible Thermodynamik"

1

Jou, D. Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001.

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1938-, Casas-Vázquez J. (José), and Lebon G. (Georgy), eds. Extended irreversible thermodynamics. 4th ed. New York: Springer, 2010.

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Jou, D. Extended irreversible thermodynamics. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer, 1996.

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1938-, Casas-Vázquez J., and Lebon G, eds. Extended irreversible thermodynamics. 3rd ed. Berlin: Springer, 2001.

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Jou, David, and Georgy Lebon. Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3074-0.

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Jou, David, José Casas-Vázquez, and Georgy Lebon. Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97430-4.

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Jou, David, José Casas-Vázquez, and Georgy Lebon. Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97671-1.

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Jou, David, José Casas-Vázquez, and Georgy Lebon. Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56565-6.

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1938-, Casas-Vázquez J., and Lebon G, eds. Extended irreversible thermodynamics. Berlin: Springer, 1993.

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Lavenda, Bernard H. Thermodynamics of irreversible processes. New York: Dover, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Irreversible Thermodynamik"

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Lauth, Günter Jakob, and Jürgen Kowalczyk. "Irreversible Prozesse." In Thermodynamik, 107–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46229-4_10.

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Geller, Wolfgang. "Irreversible Fließprozesse." In Thermodynamik für Maschinenbauer, 245–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10538-2_24.

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Geller, Wolfgang. "Irreversible Fließprozesse." In Thermodynamik für Maschinenbauer, 245–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10539-9_24.

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Haase, Rolf. "Entropiebilanz und Vorzeichenaussagen über irreversible Prozesse." In Thermodynamik, 98–103. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85352-4_16.

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Goeke, Klaus. "Irreversible Prozesse, Transport, Fluktuationen." In Statistik und Thermodynamik, 279–301. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8348-9748-0_8.

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Maier, Joachim. "Kinetik und irreversible Thermodynamik." In Teubner Studienbücher Chemie, 264–394. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80120-3_6.

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Geller, Wolfgang. "Irreversible Prozesse in thermischen Maschinen." In Thermodynamik für Maschinenbauer, 260–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10538-2_25.

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Geller, Wolfgang. "Irreversible Prozesse in thermischen Maschinen." In Thermodynamik für Maschinenbauer, 260–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10539-9_25.

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Luzzi, Robert, Áurea Rosas Vasconcellos, and José Galvão de Pisapia Ramos. "Irreversible Thermodynamics." In Statistical Foundations of Irreversible Thermodynamics, 13–26. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80019-0_2.

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Bergethon, Peter R., and Elizabeth R. Simons. "Irreversible Thermodynamics." In Biophysical Chemistry, 219–24. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3270-4_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Irreversible Thermodynamik"

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Dai, Zhendong. "An Irreversible Thermodynamic Theory of Friction and Wear." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59024.

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Friction and wear are typical irreversible processes. Friction irreversibly degrades and dissipates high quality energy and wear irreversibly removes materials from the load-carrying surface. The two irreversible processes can be presented by entropy production, which is a non-negative quantity based on irreversible thermodynamics and thus serves as a basis for the systematic description of irreversible processes occurring in tribological system. In this paper, a thermodynamic framework has been presented for the mechanisms of friction and wear of continuum materials, where entropy production is used as the sole measure of energy dissipation and material damage evolution in the system. As a result, there is no need for physically meaningless empirical parameters to define the phenomenological frictional and wear parameters to trace tribological evolution in a friction and wear system. To validate the model, predictions are compared with experimental results, which indicate that entropy production can be used as a friction and wear evolution metric. The theory is founded on the basic premise that a solid continuum obeys the first and second laws of thermodynamics.
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HOFFMANN, KARL HEINZ. "OPTIMIZING IRREVERSIBLE THERMODYNAMIC PROCESSES." In 101st WE-Heraeus-Seminar. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814503648_0010.

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Matsoukas, Themis. "THERMODYNAMICS OF IRREVERSIBLE AGGREGATION." In VII European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering. Athens: Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Greece, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/100016.1797.10608.

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Strauss, A. M., and S. W. Peterson. "Irreversible thermodynamics of ATMEC devices." In Space technology and applications international forum - 1998. AIP, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.54786.

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García-Colín, L. S. "Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics: Some unsolved questions." In CAM-94 Physics meeting. AIP, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.48764.

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Wang, Jinsong. "Irreversible Thermodynamic Discussions about Ferroelectric Phase Transitions." In 2nd International Conference on Computer and Information Applications (ICCIA 2012). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccia.2012.193.

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Jou, David, Gian Paolo Beretta, Ahmed Ghoniem, and George Hatsopoulos. "Generalized Transport Equations and Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics." In MEETING THE ENTROPY CHALLENGE: An International Thermodynamics Symposium in Honor and Memory of Professor Joseph H. Keenan. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2979035.

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Jesudason, Christopher G., and Daniel P. Sheehan. "I. Time Reversibility Concepts, the Second Law and Irreversible Thermodynamics." In SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS: STATUS AND CHALLENGES. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3665245.

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Basaran, Cemal, and Shihua Nie. "Irreversible Thermodynamics for Damage Mechanics of Solid Materials." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32937.

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In this paper a thermodynamic framework has been presented for damage mechanics of solids materials. Traditional damage mechanics theory uses damage potential function to trace damage evolution. In this framework entropy production is used as a measure of damage in the system. As a result there is no need for physically meaningless empirical material parameters to define a damage potential function. It is assumed that entropy production is non-negative for solids.
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Whaley, P. W. "Critical Entropy Threshold: An Irreversible Thermodynamic Theory of Fatigue." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85435.

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A theoretical model for material fatigue is described using irreversible thermodynamics to quantify fatigue damage by the generation of microplastic entropy. The microplastic entropy generated quantifies the microplastic deformation, commonly accepted as the mechanism of fatigue damage in polycrystalline materials. A stochastic model for microplastic deformation is utilized to calculate the expected values of tensile stress–strain, cyclic stress–strain, microplastic strain energy density and the microplastic entropy generated. When the cumulative microplastic entropy generated in cyclic loading exceeds the critical microplastic entropy threshold calculated from tensile tests, failure occurs. Calculated fatigue life with 99% tolerance limits (99% confidence) compares favorably to data for 6061-T6 aluminum rod and sheet specimens. Model parameters are determined from tensile tests and simple cyclic tests, decreasing the high cost of fatigue testing for parameter identification. This new theory has the potential to significantly decrease the cost of characterizing the fatigue properties of new materials.
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Reports on the topic "Irreversible Thermodynamik"

1

Kestin, J. Two studies of nonlinear processes in irreversible thermodynamics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5137205.

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Kestin, J. Two studies of nonlinear processes in irreversible thermodynamics. Final report, May 1, 1989--April 30, 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10156131.

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