Academic literature on the topic 'Irrigation efficiency'

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Journal articles on the topic "Irrigation efficiency"

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Badal, Verma. "IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY- AN OVERVIEW." KRISHI SCIENCE – eMagazine for Agricultural Sciences 02, no. 09 (2021): 58–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7742174.

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Irrigation efficiencies are the indices that indicate how best the water applied to the farm is being utilized. These parameters are needed to know the performance of the irrigation activity on the farm. A low value of the irrigation efficiencies, in general, implies that land, water and crops are not being managed properly. The consequence of poor irrigation efficiencies are loss of crop and wastage of nutrients and water. The major factors which affecting irrigation efficiencies are irrigation system design, quality of land preparation, selection of irrigation methods, soil texture, soil dep
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Kassaye, Kassu Tadesse, Wubengeda Admasu Yilma, Mehiret Hone Fisha, and Dawit Habte Haile. "Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Potato under Alternate Furrows and Deficit Irrigation." International Journal of Agronomy 2020 (November 24, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8869098.

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The benefits of water-saving techniques such as alternate furrow and deficit irrigations need to be explored to ensure food security for the ever-increasing population within the context of declining availability of irrigation water. In this regard, field experiments were conducted for 2 consecutive dry seasons in the semiarid region of southwestern Ethiopia and investigated the influence of alternate furrow irrigation method with different irrigation levels on the yield, yield components, water use efficiency, and profitability of potato production. The experiment comprised of 3 irrigation me
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Chandel, Divya. "A PV Powered Solar Water Pumping System Using Microcontroller." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (2022): 526–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40666.

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Abstract: The efficiency of the irrigation is predicated on the system uses, there are several different forms of irrigation system everywhere the planet however manual irrigations mistreatment motor pump are encountering several issues. Water resource distribution may be an important challenge to enhance crop productions. Tiny scale farmers are in want of an affordable and reliable system to irrigate crops and increase production. Presents PV battery-powered solar water pumping system for irrigationin developing countries. To design a water pumping system for irrigation that uses solar power
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Kruse, E. Gordon, James E. Ells, and Ann E. McSay. "Scheduling Irrigations for Carrots." HortScience 25, no. 6 (1990): 641–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.6.641.

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A 3-year irrigation scheduling study on carrots (Daucus carota L.) was conducted at the Colorado State Univ. Horticulture Research Center near Fort Collins to determine the irrigation schedule that produced the best combination of high water use efficiency and marketable yields with the least amount of water and fewest irrigations. This study used an irrigation scheduling program developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service with crop coefficients calculated for carrots. Maximum carrot production and water use efficiency were obtained when the scheduling program
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Liakos, V., W. Porter, X. Liang, M. A. Tucker, A. McLendon, and G. Vellidis. "Dynamic Variable Rate Irrigation – A Tool for Greatly Improving Water Use Efficiency." Advances in Animal Biosciences 8, no. 2 (2017): 557–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040470017000711.

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This paper will present a dynamic Variable Rate Irrigation System developed by the University of Georgia. The system consists of the EZZone management zone delineation tool, the UGA Smart Sensor Array (UGA SSA) and an irrigation scheduling decision support tool. An experiment was conducted in 2015 and 2016 in two different peanut fields to evaluate the performance of using the UGA SSA to dynamically schedule Variable Rate Irrigation (VRI). For comparison reasons strips were designed within the fields. These strips were irrigated according to either UGA SSA or Irrigator Pro recommendations. The
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Shah, Kiran R., and PROF A. I. Lalani PROF.A.I.Lalani. "Optimization of the Irrigation water Efficiency." Indian Journal of Applied Research 1, no. 11 (2011): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/aug2012/18.

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Lankford, Bruce. "Localising irrigation efficiency." Irrigation and Drainage 55, no. 4 (2006): 345–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ird.270.

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Jensen, Marvin E. "Beyond irrigation efficiency." Irrigation Science 25, no. 3 (2007): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00271-007-0060-5.

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KUMAR, JITENDER, AMARJEET NIBHORIA, PARMOD KUMAR YADAV, SATYAJEET, MUKESH JAT, and SUNDEEP KUMAR ANTIL. "Relative performance of drip irrigation in comparison to conventional methods of irrigation in Indian mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i>) in south-west Haryana." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 93, no. 12 (2023): 1320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i12.123417.

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Application of water directly to the root zone through micro-irrigation system can reduce the water, fertilizer and labour requirements by improving their availability and use-efficiency. An experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2019–20 and 2020–21 at the research farm of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Bawal, Haryana to study the relative performance of drip irrigation in comparison to conventional methods of irrigation in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.]. The experiment consisted 7 treatments, viz. two irrigations through floodin
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GURJAR, D. S., R. KAUR, and K. P. SINGH. "Irrigation requirement, water use efficiency and bulb productivity of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa) under varied wastewater-groundwater irrigation regimes." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, no. 12 (2018): 1893–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i12.85442.

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A field experiment was conducted to assess the impact of wastewater irrigation on bulb productivity and water use efficiency in tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) under varied wastewater-groundwater irrigation regimes at Water Technology Centre (WTC) farm of Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during three consecutive years (2013-16). The experiment comprised varied wastewater irrigation schedules [at 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 irrigation depth (ID)/cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) ratios], conjunctive use of ground and municipal wastewaters (at ID/CPE of 1.0) and only groundwater
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Irrigation efficiency"

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Young, Lauren. "Irrigation Methods and Their Effects on Irrigation Water Efficiency in High Tunnels." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609101/.

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Improving water efficiency is and will continue to be a top concern to meet the world food production demands for a growing population. By having a clear understanding of water efficiencies, communities will be able to address these concerns from an economic standpoint and use more productive methods to grow food and limit water consumption. This study examines the water efficiencies of three irrigation methods over a single growing season in southeastern Oklahoma. Two crops, tomatoes and cucumbers, were grown using drip irrigation, a self-wicking container, and a non-circulating hydroponics b
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Sedibe, Moosa Mahmood. "Optimising water use efficiency for crop production." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53541.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Poor water management and poor water use efficiency (WUE) have been identified as one of the major problems experienced by vegetable growers in most of the developing countries, including South Africa. This poor management and poor utilization of water have led to a drastic decline in the quality and quantity of available water. In South Africa agriculture uses about 50% of available water. Increasing water demand for domestic, industrial and mining uses, may decrease agriculture's share to less than the current 5
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Karlberg, Louise. "Irrigation with saline water using low-cost drip-irrigation systems in sub-Saharan Africa." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209.

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Stevens, Joseph Benjamin. "Adoption of irrigation scheduling methods in South Africa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05162007-173724.

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Nickerson, Joel. "The Role of Knowledge and Attitude in Residential Irrigation Efficiency." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc149645/.

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Residential irrigation efficiency is a long-term concern for any community that faces water supply stress. When ability to raise water prices is constrained, public education and conservation programs can produce reduced water usage. Understanding the factors behind residential irrigation efficiency allows the design of more effective conservation campaigns. Combining site-specific water budgets with usage data for four hundred homes in North Texas enables quantifying efficient irrigation behavior. A survey of homeowners tests for the presence of conservation-positive attitudes and the knowled
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Lacey, Timothy R. "Improving irrigation efficiency : raingun performance in field scale vegetable production." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11407.

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In England and Wales, rising demands on water resources and competition between sectors is leading to increased pressure on field vegetable growers to irrigate more efficiently. Approximately 40,000ha of field scale vegetables are irrigated in England and Wales in a dry year. Between 60% and 90% of this area is estimated to be irrigated using hose-reels fitted with rainguns. However, despite their popularity, these systems are inherently non-uniform in water distribution, particularly in windy conditions. Improving their application uniformity has therefore been identified as one of the most p
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Alazba, Abdulrahman Ali. "Efficiency of irrigation borders as affected by inflow hydrograph shape." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186677.

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The objective of this study was to determine how border irrigation performance is affected by inflow hydrograph shape. Sloping borders with open end boundary condition were selected for the study. A computer program called SRFR was used for simulations with the choice of zero inertia model as the mathematical model describing the movement of water along the border run. Five inflow hydrograph shapes were chosen from over fifteen shapes for evaluation. They are named as follows: constant (CON), cutback (CB), cablegation (CG), modified cutback (MCB), and modified cablegation (MCG). Different rang
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Eustice, Tarryn. "Efficiency of irrigation practices for table grapes in the Hex River Valley." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/835.

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Mohamed, Nahla Abdel-Fattah Hemdan. "Irrigation systems." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16977.

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In der Wintersaison 2005-2006 wurde ein Split-Split Plot-Design Feldversuch mit drei Wiederholungen für jede Behandlung von Kartoffeln, als Indikatorpflanze, unter den ariden Bedingungen der Kharga Oasis in der Westlichen Wüste von Ägypten durchgeführt. Drei Bewässerungslevel (100 %, 80 %, und 60 % of ETc) mit Tröpfchenbewässerung, zwei Mulchvarianten (Zuckerrübenabfall ohne und mit 24 ton ha-1) und 4 Kompostraten (0, 12, 24, und 36 ton ha-1) wurden getestet. Generell und als Ergebnis einer Regressionsanalyse der Versuchsvarianten ohne Kompost war die beste Variante die Tröpfchenbewässerung be
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Munyinda, Kalaluka. "Efficiency of water and nitrogen use by wheat and legumes in Zambia." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75446.

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Maximum wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields in Zambia were obtained with weekly irrigation at 85% of class A pan evaporation during the whole irrigation interval and split application of urea N of which the initial portion of the fertilizer was either broadcast and incorporated or broadcast after the crop had established itself. This corresponded with maximum utilization of fertilizer N. The proportion of N derived from fertilizer was independent of fertilizer placement at various water regimes and N utilization was primarily a function of water availability.<br>Two nonnodulating soybean (Glyc
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Books on the topic "Irrigation efficiency"

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Sagebiel, Julian, Christian Kimmich, Malte Müller, Markus Hanisch, and Vivek Gilani. Enhancing Energy Efficiency in Irrigation. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22515-9.

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Bowman, Jean A. Irrigation practices in Illinois. State of Illinois, Dept. of Energy and Natural Resources, Board of Natural Resources and Conservation, State Water Survey Division, 1991.

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Hillel, Daniel. The efficient use of water in irrigation: Principles and practices for improving irrigation in arid and semi-arid regions. World Bank, 1987.

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Dukes, Michael Dale. Residential irrigation efficiency assessment: Final report. St. Johns River Water Management District, 2004.

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Dukes, Michael Dale. Residential irrigation efficiency assessment: Final report. St. Johns River Water Management District, 2004.

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Dukes, Michael Dale. Residential irrigation efficiency assessment: Final report. St. Johns River Water Management District, 2004.

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D, Dhawan B. Studies in Indian irrigation. Commonwealth Publishers, 1999.

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Victoria. Office of the Auditor-General. Supporting changes in farming practices: Sustainable irrigation. Victorian Government Printer, 2011.

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Australia, Irrigation Association of, and Queensland. Dept. of Natural Resources., eds. 1998 national conference and exhibition: Proceedings : Brisbane Convention and Exhibition Centre, water is gold, 19-21 May 1998. Dept. of Natural Resources, 1998.

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Saleh, Abul Fazal M. Opportunities of water saving and cost reduction in irrigated boro rice at farmers' level: Final report. Institute of Water and Flood Management, BUET in collaboration with Institute of Water Modelling, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Irrigation efficiency"

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Glassman, Gary, and Karine Charara. "Apical Negative Pressure: Safety, Efficacy and Efficiency." In Endodontic Irrigation. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16456-4_9.

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Letey, J., G. E. Cardon, and Iddo Kan. "Irrigation Efficiency and Uniformity." In Irrigation of Agricultural Crops. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr30.2ed.c4.

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Whitmore, J. S. "Irrigation Systems and Efficiency." In Drought Management on Farmland. Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9562-9_21.

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Keller, Jack, and Ron D. Bliesner. "Set Sprinkler Uniformity and Efficiency." In Sprinkle and Trickle Irrigation. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1425-8_6.

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Hamada, Youssef M. "Efficiency Use of Irrigation Water." In The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, its Impact on Egyptian Agriculture and the Potential for Alleviating Water Scarcity. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54439-7_10.

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Alves Marques, Patricia Angélica, Verônica Gaspar Martins Leite de Melo, José Antônio Frizzone, and Antonio Pires de Camargo. "Irrigation Assessment: Efficiency and Uniformity." In Handbook of Irrigation Hydrology and Management. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429290152-3.

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Perrier, E. R., and A. B. Salkini. "Water Quality, Irrigation Measurement and Efficiency." In Supplemental Irrigation in the Near East and North Africa. Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3766-9_12.

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Mukherjee, Prasun, Subhasish Das, and Asis Mazumdar. "Micro-irrigation: An Unsustainable Race to Achieve Higher Irrigation Efficiency." In Sustainable Environmental Engineering and Sciences. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0823-3_2.

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Khodke, U. M. "Water use efficiency of sorghum under drip irrigation." In Micro Irrigation Scheduling and Practices. Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315207384-10.

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Gupta, R. "Water use efficiency for sugarcane under drip irrigation." In Micro Irrigation Scheduling and Practices. Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315207384-9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Irrigation efficiency"

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Kumar, R. S. B., S. S. S. Chakradhar, M. P. Vaishnnave, and R. Manivannan. "Maximizing Crop Efficiency with Smart Irrigation Systems." In 2025 7th International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/iciss63372.2025.11076564.

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Trevisanuto, Giovanni, Federico Toson, Sebastiano Chiodini, Irene Terlizzi, Giacomo Colombatti, and Carlo Bettanini. "Remote Sensing for Improved Irrigation Efficiency in Soybean Farming." In IAF Earth Observation Symposium, Held at the 75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC 2024). International Astronautical Federation (IAF), 2024. https://doi.org/10.52202/078362-0054.

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Baranitharan, B., J. Jeswin, A. Mohamed Faizaan, A. P. Chandru Babu, R. M. Jaya Priyangaa, and V. Sree Charan Reddy. "AquaSense: Climate-Aware Smart Irrigation System for Water Efficiency." In 2025 4th International Conference on Sentiment Analysis and Deep Learning (ICSADL). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/icsadl65848.2025.10933452.

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Tan, Gökhan, Taha Parça, and Mehmet Rıda Tür. "Energy Efficiency in Agricultural Irrigation Sustainable Agriculture of the Future." In 2024 Global Energy Conference (GEC). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/gec61857.2024.10881261.

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Alex, B., G. Jignasa, K. Madhubabu, and A. Gopi. "AI-Driven Smart Irrigation: Enhancing Agricultural Water Efficiency Through Intelligent Valve Regulation in Piped and Micro Irrigation Networks." In 2024 First International Conference on Pioneering Developments in Computer Science & Digital Technologies (IC2SDT). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ic2sdt62152.2024.10696274.

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Jayasinghe, J. A. S. K., T. M. H. L. Thennakoon, U. G. C. Ruchira, N. G. C. L. Wimalasena, J. A. D. C. A. Jayakody, and Dinithi Pandithage. "Enhancing Agricultural Efficiency with IoT-Enabled Precision Irrigation Management Using LoRaWAN Technology." In 2024 IEEE 16th International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (CICN). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/cicn63059.2024.10847478.

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Praveen Kumar, K., and Sh Manjula. "Unlocking Water Conservation: Synergizing IoT and Machine Learning for Agricultural Irrigation Efficiency." In 2024 International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Communication Systems (ICKECS). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ickecs61492.2024.10617221.

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Siddiqui, Ahmad Sajjad, Khalid Hilal Al Muaini, Abdul Haseeb Shahid Latif, Bassam Mohammed Al Balushi, and Senthil Ramadoss. "Sustainable Smart Irrigation Leveraging Smart Technologies for Improved Water Efficiency- A Review." In 2024 2nd International Conference on Computing and Data Analytics (ICCDA). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/iccda64887.2024.10867330.

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Arularasan, R., Rama Prabha K.P, R. Vinitha, T. Praveena, Ezhil E. Nithila, and S. Ravi. "Smart Irrigation: Enhancing Agricultural Efficiency with IoT-Connected Drones and Machine Learning." In 2024 IEEE North Karnataka Subsection Flagship International Conference (NKCon). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/nkcon62728.2024.10775252.

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Turnip, Arjon, Sri Ayu Andayani, Erwin Sitompul, and Mohammad Taufik. "Enhancing Agricultural Water Efficiency by IoT-Based Precision Irrigation with Multiple Linear Regression Approach." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Technology, Informatics, Management, Engineering and Environment (TIME-E). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/time-e62724.2024.10919856.

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Reports on the topic "Irrigation efficiency"

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Wilfert, G. L., and B. J. Harrer. Energy efficiency of Pacific Northwest agriculture irrigation pumping systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6620053.

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Lonsdale, Whitney R., Wyatt F. Cross, Charles E. Dalby, Sara E. Meloy, and Ann C. Schwend. Evaluating Irrigation Efficiency: Toward a Sustainable Water Future for Montana. The Montana University System Water Center, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/mwc202011.

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Water is our most valuable natural resource, and is used to support the demands of industry, agriculture, hydroelectric power generation, and municipalities. Water also sustains Montana’s booming recreation and tourism economy and maintains the diverse freshwater ecosystems that provide natural goods and services and promote human well-being. As our population continues to grow, and the collective demand for water increases, it is imperative that we carefully assess how our water is used, as well as how changes in water distribution, management, and governance are likely to influence its avail
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Rola, Agnes, Therese Olviga, Francis John Faderogao, and Chrislyn Joanna Faulmino. Assessing the Resurgent Irrigation Development Program of the Philippines - Institutional Arrangements for Irrigation Governance. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2020. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2020.08.

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This project aims to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the government's irrigation program. It focuses on technical, physical, and institutional aspects of performance of both national (NIS) and communal irrigation systems (CIS), and selected case studies. The governance component describes and analyzes the governance mechanisms of the entire irrigation project cycle from planning to monitoring and evaluation. It draws on the findings from the other studies within this project, while focusing on governance, particularly higher-level issues cutting across national and communal system
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Tabios, Guillermo III, and Tomas Paolo de Leon. Assessing the Resurgent Irrigation Development Program of the Philippines - Water Resources Component. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2020. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2020.11.

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This study assesses the irrigation service areas of Angat-Maasim River Irrigation System (AMRIS) and Pampanga Delta Irrigation Systems (PDRIS) benchmarked against design area water availability, land use (including flood vulnerability), and status of irrigation facilities using resource assessment and watershed and irrigation modeling. The study finds that irrigation area of AMRIS fell below design area due to urbanization, lowered height of Bustos Dam, complicated by competing use of water for hydropower. Likewise, the PDRIS system only realized half of the target irrigation service area due
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Luyun, Roger Jr, and Dulce Elazegui. Assessing the Resurgent Irrigation Development Program of the Philippines - Communal Irrigation Systems Component. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2020. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2020.02.

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The project aims to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the government's irrigation program with focus on the technical, physical, and institutional aspects of performance of communal irrigation systems (CIS). Using primary and secondary data collection, key-informant interview and focus group discussions with key actors, and walkthroughs to gauge the physical irrigation conditions, the study finds that, among others, majority of the sampled CIS are gravity systems, except in some provinces where there are more pump irrigation systems, coming from lakes, rivers, creeks, springs, runof
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Clemente, Roberto, Arthur Fajardo, Vicente Jr Ballaran, Julie Carl Ureta, Arman Baulita, and Kristel Camille Tapire. Assessing the Resurgent Irrigation Development Program of the Philippines - National Irrigation Systems Component. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2020. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2020.01.

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This Project focused on the evaluation of National Irrigation Systems (NIS) in the Philippines which consisted of 22 NIS in Luzon and 17 NIS in Visayas and Mindanao and are represented by 151 Irrigators Associations (IAs). The overall objective is to evaluate the policy, programmatic, and institutional framework governing irrigation development and management for the main purpose of improving irrigation performance and productivity of irrigated lands. The methodological approach to meet the specific objectives consisted of data collection through site visits, field measurements, and Key Inform
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Makombe, G. A comparative analysis of the technical efficiency of rain-fed and smallholder irrigation in Ethiopia. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2011.202.

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Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwa, Tinashe Dirwai, Luxon Nhamo, et al. Implementing the IDAWM Framework to Enhance Agricultural Water Management in the African Union. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU INWEH), 2025. https://doi.org/10.53328/inr25tzm001.

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Approximately 90% of agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa is rainfed, making it highly vulnerable to impacts of climate change and variability, with significant implications for agrarian communities. If effectively implemented, the African Union's Framework for Irrigation Development and Agricultural Water Management (IDAWM) has the potential to catalyse food systems transformation by fostering systems integration, mitigating environmental trade-offs and enhancing climate change adaptation and mitigation. Addressing and balancing trade-offs that may arise from irrigation expansion - such as reduc
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Miyamoto, Seiichi, and Rami Keren. Improving Efficiency of Reclamation of Sodium-Affected Soils. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7570569.bard.

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Sodium affected soils, along with salt-affected soils, are distributed widely in irrigated areas of the arid and semi-arid region of the world. Some of these soils can and must be reclaimed to meet the increasing demand for food, and existing irrigated lands must be managed to reduce salinization and alkalization associated with deteriorating irrigation water quality. This project was conducted for examining ways to reduce the use of chemical amendments and large quantities of leaching water for reclaiming sodic soils or for preventing soil sodification, We hypothesized that sodicity of calcar
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Harrer, B. J., and G. L. Wilfert. Potential conservation opportunities from fittings redesign, mainline modification, and pump efficiency improvement in irrigation systems of the Pacific Northwest. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6190157.

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