Relevant bibliographies by topics / Irrigation engineering

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Irrigation engineering'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Irrigation engineering"

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Chandel, Divya. "A PV Powered Solar Water Pumping System Using Microcontroller." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 526–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40666.

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Abstract: The efficiency of the irrigation is predicated on the system uses, there are several different forms of irrigation system everywhere the planet however manual irrigations mistreatment motor pump are encountering several issues. Water resource distribution may be an important challenge to enhance crop productions. Tiny scale farmers are in want of an affordable and reliable system to irrigate crops and increase production. Presents PV battery-powered solar water pumping system for irrigationin developing countries. To design a water pumping system for irrigation that uses solar power for its operation. To style a pumping system that minimizes human interventions. To style a facility system that produces irrigation a lot of economical, since it’s planning to be operated by mobile phones. Solar battery-powered irrigation system is acceptable different for farmers in gift state of energy disaster automatic system. Planned wet detector primarily based star battery-powered system offers required waterto crop, water is used in good manner, through star panels, and electrical power downside isn't any a lot of. Keywords: Automated irrigation’s mobile, humidity sensor, Solar Panel
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Porter, Dana O., Suat Irmak, Freddie Lamm, Thomas Marek, and Bradley Rein. "Challenges and Opportunities for Education in Irrigation Engineering." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 5 (2020): 1289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13943.

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Declining enrollments in a declining number of university degree programs in irrigation engineering are generating concern about the future of irrigation engineering expertise.Technical degree and certificate programs offer options for professionals in irrigation careers, especially those in landscape irrigation careers requiring licensure.Extension programs are evolving to include more on-demand internet-based and social media-based information delivery, as audiences have become more accustomed to these platforms.Addressing workforce and expertise needs in irrigation engineering is critically important, and it will involve equipping future professionals to address national and international challenges in agriculture.Abstract. Irrigation continues to be economically important in the U.S. and internationally, yet there is concern about future accessibility to appropriate expertise and the engineering preparation of irrigation professionals for both public and private sectors. Recent and impending retirements of academic and industry leaders, losses of some important academic programs (curricula/degree programs, research, and extension) in irrigation engineering, and reduced numbers of students threaten to significantly limit irrigation engineering capacity, especially in agricultural irrigation. Some of the challenges can be met through opportunities afforded by development of distance education programs; expansion of multi-state, multi-agency, multi-university collaborations; and increasing public-private partnerships, as well as through vigorous recruitment efforts. Recruitment can be strengthened by improving the competitiveness of salaries to be commensurate with other engineering disciplines, and by demonstrating and better explaining the abilities of the irrigation engineering profession to meet future challenges related to food, fiber, fuel, and ecosystem demands of a rapidly growing global population. While access to irrigation engineering expertise, especially domestic expertise, has declined, the need for such technical support and information for practitioners has not decreased. In fact, in many cases, technical advancements from public and industry developments have greatly outpaced the capacity for applied research and extension programs to robustly evaluate technologies and deliver objective, science-based recommendations. Growing knowledge gaps and time lags have exacerbated restlessness among some audiences, increasing the opportunities for promotion of unsubstantiated claims for some products that remain unchallenged, and further confusing appropriate selection from a growing array of available technologies. Keywords: Continuing education, Distance education, Extension, Irrigation engineering, Public-private partnerships, Technical support.
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Ramunaidu, P. V. S., D. Sekhar, A. Sowjanya, D. Srinivas, P. Pavankumar, and P. Babu. "Yield Attributes and Yield of Wheat Affected by Irrigation Schedules and Varieties under HAT Zone Conditions of Andhra Pradesh, India." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 9 (August 4, 2023): 2819–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i92515.

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Aims: A field experiment was conducted to assess the impact of various irrigation schedules and wheat varieties on yield characteristics and yield of wheat in Andhra Pradesh's high altitude and tribal area (HAT) zone. Study Design: Split-plot design was used to conduct the research experiment. Place and Duration of Study: Regional Agricultural Research Station, Chintapalle, Visakhapatnam, ANGRAU, Andhra Pradesh. The study was conducted during Rabi season 2021-22. Methodology: Split-plot design was used to conduct the experiment in which as main plots, there were three irrigation schedules—irrigation at CRI, maximum tillering, jointing, flowering, and milking stages (M1); irrigation at CRI, flowering, and milking stages (M2); and irrigation at CRI and milking stages (M3)—and four varieties—DBW-252(V1), HI-1544(V2), HI-8759(V3), and HI-8713(V4)—as subplots. The parameters of Spike length, Spike weight, number of productive tillers m-2, number of grains spike-1, number of filled grains spike-1, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield, and harvest index were found to be superior with five irrigations scheduled at CRI, maximum tillering, jointing, flowering, and milking stages. Among the varieties, HI-8759 recorded the highest values, which were comparable to HI-8713. Results: Spike length, spike weight, no. of productive tillers m-2, no. of grains spike-1, no. of filled grains spike-1, 1000 grain weight found superior with five irrigations schedules. The highest values among the variations were achieved by HI-8759 and were comparable to HI-8713.The five irrigation schedule resulted in higher grain and straw yields. Despite the fact that there was a reduced grain yield with two irrigations, the straw yield was statistically equal with three irrigations. With five irrigations, the harvest index (%) was much higher, while with two irrigations, it was significantly lower. However, HI-8759 had a much greater grain and straw production than the other cultivars. The straw yield remained at HI-8713 levels. The HI-8759's harvest index outperformed all other kinds by a wide margin. With HI-1544, the lowest grain and straw yields were noted. Conclusion: Wheat yield was dramatically increased by five different irrigation regimens applied at various phenological phases. The maximum yield was recorded by variety HI-8759, which was comparable to variety HI-8713 in terms of biological and straw yields.
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Choi, C., I. Song, S. Stine, J. Pimentel, and C. Gerba. "Role of irrigation and wastewater reuse: comparison of subsurface irrigation and furrow irrigation." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 2 (July 1, 2004): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0089.

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Two different irrigation systems, subsurface drip irrigation and furrow irrigation, are tested to investigate the level of viral contamination and survival when tertiary effluent is used in arid and semi-arid regions. The effluent was injected with bacteriophages of PRD1 and MS2. A greater number of PRD1 and MS2 were recovered from the lettuce in the subsurface drip-irrigated plots as compared to those in the furrow-irrigated plots. Shallow drip tape installation and preferential water paths through cracks on the soil surface appeared to be the main causes of high viral contamination in subsurface drip irrigation plots, which led to the direct contact of the lettuce stems with the irrigation water which penetrated the soil surface. The water use efficiency of the subsurface drip irrigation system was higher than that of the furrow irrigation system. Thus, subsurface drip irrigation is an efficient irrigation method for vegetable crops in arid and semi-arid regions if viral contamination can be reduced. Deeper installation of drip tapes, frequent irrigations, and timely harvests based on cumulative heat units may further reduce health risks by ensuring viral die-off under various field conditions.
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Mareels, Iven, and Erik Weyer. "Systems Engineering for Irrigation Systems 1." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 37, no. 11 (July 2004): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)31586-0.

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Elnashar, Walaa, Hany F. Abd-Elhamid, Martina Zeleňáková, and Ahmed Elyamany. "Value Engineering Approach to Evaluate the Agricultural Drainage Water Management Strategies." Water 15, no. 4 (February 20, 2023): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15040831.

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Excessive irrigating water that has not been adequately drained may cause more water to enter the crop root zone than is necessary. As a result, issues with increasing water table levels, waterlogging, and salinity get worse and cause crop productivity losses. Agricultural drainage water management strategies (ADWMS) can be used to protect the quality of groundwater, guarantee that crops have better moisture conditions, and provide irrigation water by reusing agricultural water drainage and using sub-irrigation practices. In order to decrease the effects of poor drainage, mitigate climate change, conserve the environment, and achieve food security, this study proposes a framework for choosing the most effective ADWMS in Egypt’s Nile Delta as well as the new lands. The value engineering approach is used to ensure the strategy’s functionality and to present some innovation in the process of developing alternative solutions that are financially evaluated using the life cycle cost technique. According to the study results, the most effective strategy (ADWMS-3) prioritizes improving drainage effectiveness, controlling groundwater table rise, and providing another irrigation water source while maintaining environmental protection. This strategy encompasses the use of a control drainage system, timing of fertilizer application, regulating groundwater table variation, and using sub-irrigation practices. ADWMS-3 achieves the highest values for the technical score of 8.06 and the value index of 18.59. This study advances the understanding of the topic by providing policymakers with a tool to (i) evaluate ADWMS and (ii) incorporate the added value and functionality into their policies regarding agricultural drainage water.
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Kaur, Gagandeep, Satinder Singh Brar, C. B. Singh, and K. B. Singh. "Effect of Tillage and Nitrogen Levels on Yield and Water Productivity of Brassica napus in North West India." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 18 (July 13, 2023): 32–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i183262.

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In North West India ground water is depleting because of adoption of rice-wheat system. Therefore for saving precious water resources there is need to diversify some area under low water requiring crops and adopt water saving techniques. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate individual and interactive effects of deep tillage, irrigation and nitrogen rates on yield and water productivity of canola (Brassica napus). Experimental treatments in main plots were combination of two tillage systems (deep tillage (DT) and conventional tillage (CT)) and three irrigation regimes (no (I0), one (I1) and two irrigations (I2)) and in subplots four nitrogen rates ( 0 (N0), 50 (N50), 75 (N75) and 100 (N100) kg ha-1 with three replications. Maximum rooting depth was observed with irrigation and 100 kg N ha-1. Root mass density in upper 60 cm soil depth was higher under irrigated plots whereas below 60 cm, it was higher under I0. Higher root density was recorded under DT and N100 plots. Dry matter accumulation significantly increased with irrigation, tillage and N application. Seed yield significantly increased under DT (10%) and I2 (26.2% over I0) treatment. Water productivity improved with DT and N100. Oil yield and N uptake increased under DTI2N100. Higher nitrogen rates at low irrigation frequency resulted in yield similar to low nitrogen rates at higher irrigation frequency. While yield produced under DT with one post sowing irrigation was equivalent to that produced under CT with two irrigations. The results suggest the saving of irrigation water and yield optimisation with high N rate and deep tillage in canola.
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Cholavardan, Dade, Jaya Krishna V. V. S., and Sushant. "Assessing the Effect of Irrigation Levels and Hydrogel on Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 10 (September 8, 2023): 2644–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i102929.

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One of the most essential inputs for agriculture is water. Moisture stress at critical growth stages in wheat severely effects the growth and yield. Hydrogel (water-absorbing polymer) can keep the appropriate moisture level at the root zone depth and protects the crop from adverse effect of moisture stress. The present trial was conducted during rabi season of 2020-21 to assess the performance of different hydrogels under different levels of irrigations on growth, yield, and water use efficiency of wheat. Results revealed that application of 3 irrigations recorded significantly maximum number of tillers per m2 at 90 Days After Sowing and at harvest. The application of Nano hydrogel @ 20 kg ha-1 significantly increased the number of tillers per m2 at 90 DAS and at harvest over control. Significantly maximum grain (26.1%) and straw (24.5%) yield were obtained with 3 irrigation levels over one irrigation. The Nano hydrogel increased grain (33.6%) and straw (22.9%) yield significantly over control. Water use efficiency significantly improved with one irrigation over 3 irrigation levels, application of Nano hydrogel @ 20 kg ha-1 significantly increased WUE.
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Stone, Ken, Eric D. Billman, Philip J. Bauer, and Gilbert Sigua. "Using NDVI for Variable Rate Cotton Irrigation Prescriptions." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 38, no. 5 (2022): 787–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.15071.

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HighlightsCrop coefficients (Kcb) were calculated using Normalized Difference Vegetative Indices (NDVI) and compared to the FAO-56 method.Cotton yields using NDVI-Kcb based irrigation scheduling to a uniform checkbook irrigation were compared.Irrigated cotton yields were not significantly different between irrigation methods but were significantly higher in years requiring higher volumes of irrigation water.Cotton fiber quality was not significantly different for the two irrigation methods or plant populations.Abstract. Irrigation timing is crucial for achieving high cotton yields and lint quality. This irrigation timing is more challenging in the southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain region due to its spatial variable sandy soils with low water and nutrient holding capacities and rainfall variability during the growing season. To address these challenges, we conducted a 2-year (2017 and 2018) study evaluating two irrigation scheduling methods under a variable rate irrigation system. The two irrigation methods were: (1) a uniform irrigation management based on weekly crop water usage, and (2) spatial crop coefficients derived from normalized difference vegetative indices (NDVI). We compared cotton yields and water use efficiency using the two irrigation scheduling methods at two different planting densities. The two plant populations were 5 and 11.5 plants m2 to provide different NDVI readings and water requirements. In 2017, there were no significant differences in cotton yields due to the adequate rainfall during the growing season that required only three irrigations events. The mean irrigation depth for the NDVI method was significantly lower than the uniform method (56 and 64 mm, respectively, LSD = 4.2). In 2018, there was lower rainfall during the growing season requiring eight irrigation events and the cotton yields in the two irrigation treatments were significantly higher than the rainfed treatment. Irrigation depths in 2018 were not significantly different for the two irrigation methods. Water use efficiencies were not significantly different for the two irrigation methods. The planting density had little impact on the cotton yields, irrigation depth, water use efficiency, or cotton fiber quality. These results indicate that the NDVI-derived crop coefficient values were as effective in prescribing irrigation applications as the uniform irrigation method for irrigation management. The NDVI-derived crop coefficient irrigation method appears to be a useful tool for managing irrigation and developing irrigation prescriptions. Keywords: Cotton, Irrigation scheduling, Normalized difference vegetation indices, Variable rate irrigation
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Jia, Hong Wei, and Lei Lei Zheng. "Irrigation Water Use Efficiency Based on the Deficit Irrigation Theories." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 2179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.2179.

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Irrigation water use efficiency is an important index to evaluate agricultural water use efficiency of irrigation districts, and is a basic parameter of hydraulic engineering construction and water management. However, there are many problems in practical applications of the traditional irrigation water use efficiency which is based on sufficient irrigation theory. This paper puts forward a new concept and determination method of irrigation water use efficiency based on the theories of deficit irrigation. Finally, we discussed the connotations from the project characteristics, benefit characteristics, spatial scale and time scale characteristics.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Irrigation engineering"

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Fox, Fred Andrew 1956. "Irrigation scheduling decision support." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288770.

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Irrigation scheduling using the soil water balance approach has been recommended to irrigators for many years. Reasonably good results are normally obtained by researchers using carefully quantified inputs. Irrigators in production agriculture may estimate inputs and then question the validity of the method when the irrigation recommendations conflict with present irrigation schedules. By associating each input with an interval representing possible bias based on the way the input was estimated, and solving the irrigation scheduling model using the intervals as inputs, the output was associated with an interval representing possible bias. This method was also used to evaluate possible bias associated with growing degree day based crop coefficient curves developed from Arizona crop consumptive use measurements. For comparison purposes, roughly estimated inputs based on irrigation system type, soil type, area weather data and available crop coefficient curves were used as default intervals. Improved input intervals consisted of observed irrigation system performance, soil property measurements, local weather data and theoretical improvements in crop coefficient curves. For surface irrigation, field observation of plant stress and soil water content showed the greatest potential to improve irrigation date predictions. For buried drip under a row crop, accuracy of the predicted daily irrigation rate was most improved by a better estimate of irrigation efficacy.
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Didan, Kamel 1965. "Expert system for drip irrigation design." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291460.

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Drip irrigation design is a multi-step routine that has to be carried out in a step by step fashion with each step covering a part of the design process. An expert system has been developed with a set of external programs to accomplish the drip system design. The expertise used in the present expert system knowledge base was induced from engineering handbooks and articles as well as personal consultations. The expert system has been developed in such a way that a variety of cases can be handled. In addition, to simulate the human expert, a new drip irrigation design evaluation factor has been introduced (Design Success Indicator, DSI) in order to estimate the system response on field depending on the confidence of data being used. The results are very promising with respect to the expertise used. However many parts of the knowledge-base have to be fine-tuned in order to reach a highly performing expert system.
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Andriyas, Sanyogita. "Analysis of Irrigation Decision Behavior and Forecasting Future Irrigation Decisions." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1359.

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Farmers play a pivotal role in food production. To be economically successful, farmers must make many decisions during the course of a growing season about the allocation of inputs to production. For farmers in arid regions, one of these decisions is whether to irrigate. This research is the first of its kind to investigate the reasons that drive a farmer to make irrigation decisions and use those reasons/factors to forecast future irrigation decisions. This study can help water managers and canal operators to estimate short-term irrigation demands, thereby gaining information that might be useful in management of irrigation supply systems. This work presents three approaches to study farmer irrigation behavior: Bayesian belief networks (BBNs), decision trees, and hidden Markov models (HMMs). All three models are in the class of evolutionary algorithms, which are often used to analyze problems in dynamic and uncertain environments. These algorithms learn the connections between observed input and output data and can make predictions about future events. The models were used to study behavior of farmers in the Canal B command area, located in the Lower Sevier River Basin, Delta, Utah. Alfalfa, barley, and corn are the major crops in this area. Biophysical variables that are measured during the growing reasons were used as inputs to build the models. Information about crop phenology, soil moisture, and weather variables were compiled. Information about timing of irrigation events was available from soil moisture probes installed on some agricultural fields at the site. The models were capable of identifying the variables that are important in forecasting an irrigation decision, classes of farmers, and decisions with single and multi-factor effect regarding farmer behavior. The models did this across years and crops. The advantage of using these models to study a complex problem like behavior is that they do not require exact information, which can never be completely obtained, given the complexity of the problem. This study uses biophysical inputs to forecast decisions about water use. Such forecasts cannot be done satisfactorily using survey methodologies. The study reveals irrigation behavior characteristics. These conform to previous beliefs that a farmer might look at crop conditions, consult a neighbor, or irrigate on a weekend if he has a job during the week. When presented with new data, these models gave good estimates for probable days of irrigation, given the past behavior. All three models can be adequately used to explore farmers' irrigation behavior for a given site. They are capable of answering questions related to the driving forces of irrigation decisions and the classes of subjects involved in a complex process.
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Reynolds, Curt Andrew 1960. "Design and evaluation of bubbler irrigation systems." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291563.

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Low-head bubbler irrigation systems are particularly well-suited for the irrigation of orchard crops, and these systems differ from other micorirrigation systems because they are based on gravity-flow, can operate at pressures as low as 1 meter (3.3 ft), and do not require elaborate filtration systems. A design procedure for low-head bubbler systems is described in detail, and example designs for bubbler systems located on level ground and gradual slopes are also presented. The design procedure utilizes head loss gradient charts based on the Darcy-Weisbach equation to size the pipe diameters, and the delivery hose elevations are calculated by using a personal computer with spreadsheet software. The causes of air locks in the laterals and delivery hoses are also investigated, and minimum design flow rates for various pipe diameters are recommended to ensure flow velocities are high enough to prevent air locks from occurring within the delivery hoses.
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De, Vries Tonny Tessa. "Irrigation scheduling with integer programming." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273891.

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Akhand, Md Nurul Alam. "A canal irrigation water allocation model." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185910.

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A water allocation model was developed to assist with allocation of canal water to competing crop irrigation demands. Multi-period linear programming was utilized to optimally allocate water in both time and space to maximize benefits for an irrigated farm. Irrigation scheduling, crop response and canal water delivery models were used to support the water allocation decisions. The irrigation scheduling model supplied information on crop evapotranspiration and soil water storage. The crop response model predicted crop yield in response to the irrigation water applications. The canal delivery model checked the feasibility of supplying the allocation quantities through the control structures and turnouts. The allocation model was evaluated by tests of water allocation for the University of Arizona, Maricopa Agricultural Center demonstration farm. In crop scenarios which emphasized cotton production, the model recommended deficit irrigation for the barley, cotton, grapes and wheat fields during periods when the quantity of irrigation water demanded was greater than that supplied. Analysis of the effects of changes in water cost and crop returns showed the basis of the solution remained unchanged for a wide range of data. The basis was, however, found to be unstable with very limited water supplies. In addition to serving as a planning tool, the allocation model could be used as a real time management tool. It is believed to have broad applicability to other irrigation projects in other areas with characteristics similar to Arizona test conditions.
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Hards, Adrian F. "Comparative engineering costing and implications of commercial and smallholder irrigator design for projects." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6501.

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Thesis (MScEng (Civil Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the study, six irrigation schemes based in the Eastern Cape have been considered and evaluated, according to two levels of supply (LOS) of irrigation water. The two levels of supply are that of a commercial irrigator and that of a smallholder irrigator. The irrigation infrastructure for each of the six schemes was designed, and the associated costs determined, for each level of supply. The primary objective of the study is to determine the impact of infrastructure costs and irrigation areas on the target user, either the commercial or the smallholder irrigator. This is related directly to the assumption that lower water volumes are used by the smallholder irrigator. The study addresses the impact of different designs on the amount of water used, land utilised and resultant costs of the infrastructure. The initial capital costs and the on-going operational and maintenance costs (O&M) for each level of supply for each of the schemes have been calculated. The evaluation of the two LOS has shown that the capital cost for the commercial LOS is approximately 18 % higher than for the smallholder LOS and the O&M costs 6 % to 36 % higher. The schemes that were investigated can be grouped into five general scheme types. The first type is gravity schemes, which need rehabilitation, while the bulk supply is in place with no augmentation or rehabilitation required. The second is pumped scheme which is in need of rehabilitation, while the bulk supply is in place with no augmentation or rehabilitation required. The third type includes run-of-river schemes where water is abstracted and pumped directly to the lands. The fourth type includes run-of-river schemes where water is abstracted and pumped to storage. The fifth type is the gravity scheme where the bulk supply needs to be installed as part of the scheme. These types are then grouped and can be used to give guidance on the anticipated costs dependant on the scheme type and the required level of service. A further objective of the research is to determine the impact on the smallholder irrigators who find themselves on a commercial LOS system. This can be either on a scheme that has already been designed, or on a new system. The evaluation of the commercial under-utilised LOS and the smallholder LOS has shown that the commercial capital cost is 18 % higher and the O&M costs 5 % to 29 % higher. The study further aligns the estimated costs with the farmer typology providing a broader understanding of the design to be adopted for different levels of supply. This provides the linkage between farmer types, the design to be implemented and the anticipated costs thereof.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: As deel van hierdie narvorsing word ses verskillende besproeiingsskemas in die Oos-Kaap ten opsigte van twee voorsieningsvlakke ondersoek. Die twee voorsieningsvlakke ter sprake is vir ‘n kommersiële en kleinboerdery opset. Die besproeiingsinfrastruktuur is vir elk van die ses besproeiingsskemas ontwerp en ‘n kosteberaming vir elk van voorsieningsvlakke gedoen. Die hoofdoelwit van hierdie verslag is om te bepaal wat die impak van kostes en besproeiingsareas op beide kommersiële- en kleinboerderye is. Dit is direk gebaseer op die aanname dat kleinboerderye minder water gebruik. Die verslag ondersoek die impak van verskillende ontwerpe op waterverbruik, besproeiingsoppervlak benodig en die gevolglike infrastruktuurkostes. Die aanvanklike kapitaalkostes asook bedryfs- en onderhoudsuitgawes (B&O) vir elk van die voorsieningsvlakke, is vir elk van die besproeiingskemas bereken. Die resultaat van die ondersoek van die twee voorsieningsvlakke het aangetoon dat die kapitaalkoste van kommersiële besproeiingskemas 18 % hoër as die van kleinboerderye is, en bedryfs- en onderhoudsuitgawes 6 tot 36 % hoër. Die skemas wat ondersoek is, kan in vyf algemene skema tipes verdeel word. Die eerste is die gravitasieskemas wat rehabilitasie benodig terwyl die hooftoevoer in plek is met geen uitbreidings- of rehabilitasiebehoeftes. Die tweede is pompskemas wat rehabilitasie benodig terwyl die hooftoevoer in plek is met geen uitbreidings- of rehabilitasiebehoeftes. Die derde is rivierskemas waar besproeiingswater direk uit die rivier na die landerye gepomp word. Die vierde is rivierskemas waar besproeiingswater direk uit die rivier na a reservoir gepomp word. Die vyfde skema tipe is die gravitasieskemas waar die hooftoevoer ook gebou moet word as deel van die skema. Die skema tipes kan gebruik word om leiding te verskaf ten opsigte van verwagte skema kostes afhangende van die skema tipe en vereiste voorsieningsvlak. ‘n Verdere doelwit van die studie is om die impak op kleinboere te bepaal wat op ‘n kommeriële voorsieningsvlak boer. So ‘n stelsel kan ‘n gevestigde of nuwe stelsel wees. Die resultaat van die ondersoek van die onderbenutte kommersiële voorsieningsvlak en die kleinboerdery voorsieningsvlak het gewys dat die kapitaalkoste van kommersiële besproeiingskemas 18 % hoër as die van kleinboerderye is, en bedryfs- en onderhoudsuitgawes 5 tot 29 % hoër. Die verslag vereenselwig die verwagte kostes met die tipe boerdery en verskaf ‘n beter begrip van die tipe ontwerp wat elk van die voorsieningsvlakke benodig. Dit verskaf dus die verband tussen die tipe boerdery, die ontwerp benodig en die verwagte projekkostes.
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Kuntz, Lauren B. "Wick irrigation systems for subsistence farming." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/83726.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 59-61).
Irrigation on small-scale farms has been noted as a key method to help lift subsistence farmers out of poverty. With water scarity growing around the globe and lack of access to electricity still prevalent in rural areas, the need to develop an energy efficient irrigation system that simultaneous limits wasted water while being low cost is essential. The possibility of using a wicking irrigation system that relies on the suction plants create for water to mitigate the pumping pressure is investigated. A theoretical model for such a system is developed for an acre sized wicking irrigation system, and the power and water efficiency is compared to a standard drip irrigation system. While the wicking irrigation system has a greater distribution of water delivery from the wicks than compared to the dripper system, a wicking system has the potential to operate at much lower power, with the possibility of even being a power source. If a direct coupling could be developed between the plant's roots and wick, eliminating the need for water to travel through the soil, the energy benefit of the wicking system would be even more dramatic.
by Lauren B. Kuntz.
S.B.
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Colaizzi, Paul Dominic 1968. "Overwatering controller for landscape irrigation systems." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278585.

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Water conservation in metropolitan areas of Arizona is critical if limited water resources are to meet current and future demands. Timer controlled landscape irrigation systems contribute to a large portion of municipal water use, and there is currently a great potential for water savings when deficit irrigation is practiced. Such systems tend to forfeit deficit irrigation by overwatering vegetation; however, deficit irrigation may be improved if the number of irrigation cycles are reduced based on sensing soil water in the plant root zone. A patent pending electronic circuit, called the overwatering controller, has been developed and tested for this purpose. Test results show the overwatering controller has great potential as a water conservation and deficit irrigation management tool.
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Waheed, Syed Imran 1962. "Design criteria for low head bubbler irrigation systems." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291398.

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Analysis indicates that the Blasius equation yields accurate estimates of head loss in small diameter plastic tubing and larger diameter PVC pipe for Reynolds numbers upto 100,000. The Hazen-Williams equation with suitable roughness parameter values also predicts head loss accurately. The results of laboratory experiments reveal that the undulations which are created during field installation are the primary cause of air locking in the delivery hose. The additional head needed to release the trapped air was found to be equal to the sum of heights of all the undulations. If the sum of their heights exceeds the design head loss in the delivery hose, air locking will result. The capital investment for bubbler system under study was comparable to that of a pressurized drip system. Long term savings in terms of energy and maintenance make low head bubbler systems an attractive alternative to pressurized drip systems for irrigating orchards or vineyards.
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Books on the topic "Irrigation engineering"

1

Reddy, R. N. Irrigation engineering. New Delhi: Gene-Tech Books, 2010.

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Waller, Peter, and Muluneh Yitayew. Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05699-9.

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Melby, Pete. Simplified irrigation design. 2nd ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1995.

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Asawa, G. L. Irrigation and water resources engineering. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd. Publishers, 2008.

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United States. National Resources Conservation Service. National engineering handbook: Irrigation guide. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, 1997.

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Ukarande, S. K. Irrigation Engineering and Hydraulic Structures. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33552-5.

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Melby, Pete. Simplified irrigation design. Mesa, Ariz: PDA Publishers, 1988.

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Goyal, Megh R. Engineering Interventions in Sustainable Trickle Irrigation. Waretown, NJ : Apple Academic Press, 2018. | Series: Innovations and challenges in micro irrigation: Apple Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315184241.

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Van der Gulik, Ted W., British Columbia. Soils and Engineering Branch., and Irrigation Industry Association of British Columbia., eds. B.C. sprinkler irrigation manual. Vernon: Irrigation Industry Association of British Columbia, 1988.

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Plusquellec, Herve L. Irrigation design and management: Experience in Thailand and its general applicability. Washington, D.C., U.S.A: World Bank, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Irrigation engineering"

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Shafer, Wade H. "Irrigation Engineering." In Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, 219. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5969-6_23.

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Shafer, Wade H. "Irrigation Engineering." In Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, 249. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3412-9_23.

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Shafer, Wade H. "Irrigation Engineering." In Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, 282. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3474-7_23.

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Shafer, Wade H. "Irrigation Engineering." In Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, 282–83. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0599-6_23.

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Shafer, Wade H. "Irrigation Engineering." In Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, 276–77. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5197-9_23.

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Shafer, Wade H. "Irrigation Engineering." In Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, 227. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2832-6_23.

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Shafer, Wade H. "Irrigation Engineering." In Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, 196. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5782-8_23.

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Shafer, Wade H. "Irrigation Engineering." In Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, 249. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2453-3_23.

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Shafer, Wade H. "Irrigation Engineering." In Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, 280. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1969-0_23.

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Shafer, Wade H. "Irrigation Engineering." In Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, 275. Boston, MA: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7388-3_23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Irrigation engineering"

1

Sokol, Julia, Fiona Grant, Carolyn Sheline, and Amos Winter. "Development of a System Model for Low-Cost, Solar-Powered Drip Irrigation Systems in the MENA Region." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86297.

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Drip irrigation has the potential to conserve water and increase crop yields. However, existing drip irrigation systems often require high pumping power, making them financially inaccessible to smallholder farmers. Integrating a holistic system model with a cost-optimization scheme can enable the design and implementation of low-cost, solar-powered drip irrigations systems, ultimately making this technology more cost-effective for smallholder farmers. This paper describes the algorithms comprising an integrated model of solar-powered drip irrigation systems, consisting of agronomic, hydraulic, pump, and power system modules. It also introduces a preliminary optimization scheme for the power system, which uses the system hydraulics and pump curve to select an optimal solar array and energy storage configuration that minimizes capital cost. The system model and power system optimization is applied to three case studies, and the resulting power system configurations are compared to outputs from commercially-available software for sizing solar pumping systems. The results show that the model successfully captures the nuances in crop type, local weather patterns, and hydraulic system layout between different cases. This offers a greater level of flexibility than commercially available software, which tends to have broader applications and focuses on larger systems. Future model generations will add more variables to the optimization scheme — including pump selection, variable emitter flow rates and pipe geometries — to provide a versatile design tool for cost-optimized, solar-powered drip irrigation systems.
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Mareels, I., E. Weyer, and Su Ki Ooi. "Irrigation networks: a systems engineering approach." In 4th International Conference on Control and Automation. Final Program and Book of Abstracts. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icca.2003.1595057.

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"NRCS Engineering Tools Utilized for Irrigation." In 2014 ASABE International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20141888101.

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Patel, Swati V., Satyen Parikh, and Savan Patel. "Irrigation to Smart Irrigation and Tube Well Users." In 2021 International Conference on Computing, Communication and Green Engineering (CCGE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccge50943.2021.9776479.

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Holm, J. E. W., and G. P. R. Van der Merwe. "INTELLIGENT CONTROL FOR IRRIGATION PIVOTS." In International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Systems Engineering and Engineering Management. Waterkloof, South Africa: Southern African Institute for Industrial Engineering (SAIIE), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/072261-0099.

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Sangster, Nadine, Aneil Ramkhalawan, Aatma Maharajh, Jorrel Bisnath, Edward Cumberbatch, Ronnie Bickramdass, David Edwards, and Prakash Persad. "SMART IRRIGATION ESTIMATOR." In International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020). Faculty of Engineering, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47412/fsnx6661.

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Many of the agricultural plots within Trinidad and Tobago remain in a state of dormancy due to a critical lack of infrastructure needed for their development. This has contributed to the increasing food import bill which was some TT$5.6 billion over the last couple of years. This overall crop irrigation project aims at assisting the farmers in setting up a proper infrastructure that will utilize natural resources. The lack of pipe water will be substituted by rainwater capture, storage and distribution via drip irrigation. The lack of power for water distribution by irrigation will be obtained by the use of solar power for the pumps. The project will be done in phases. This phase involved at creating a smart estimator to determine the water requirement and the planting land area for the 2-acre plot when the number of plants, type of plants, and the month in which the farmer chooses to start planting are chosen. It will estimate the water storage volume required for the various crops chosen based on the rainfall patterns, crop cycle and the crop water requirement. These output estimates will be based on the land area input, estimated water storage size, estimated tool shed size and produce storage area, and the type or types of crops chosen to farm by the farmer for the plot. The input parameters in the estimator can then be varied by the farmer, to help find an estimated or optimum balance of the number and type of crops, the planting land area, and the water captured and stored, based on the rainfall patterns and the unused land area. The outputs required can be similarly obtained through the use of existing models and software packages, but the tools are not ‘Farmer User Friendly and readily available’.
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Mateus Mendonça Bezerra, Alexandre, Jonhattan Ferreira Rangel, and Kleiber Bessa. "RESIDENTIAL AUTOMATED IRRIGATION SYSTEM." In 25th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2019.cob2019-1341.

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Josephine, Ms Diana, Santhosh Gurunathan, Vamsi Krishna, Gokul Nath, and Siva Ramasamy. "SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM." In 2021 10th International Conference on Internet of Everything, Microwave Engineering, Communication and Networks (IEMECON). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iemecon53809.2021.9689158.

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McMahon, Brian R., Robert C. J. Koo, and H. Williams Persons. "Citrus Irrigation With Reclaimed Wastewater." In ASME 1989 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec1989-3501.

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In 1986 the City of Orlando, Florida; Orange County; and area citrus growers implemented an innovative program to reclaim municipal wastewater for irrigation of citrus trees. This program, known as Water Conserv II, is planned to ultimately provide up to 50 million gallons per day of reclaimed water to as much as 15,000 acres of citrus grove land. In this paper, the authors present the program concept; identify public health issues that were considered; describe the facilities that were constructed to treat, transmit and distribute the reclaimed water; discuss operational factors and summarize initial observations of the project’s performance after the first two years of operation. Paper published with permission.
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Hazman, Maryam. "Crop irrigation schedule expert system." In 2015 13th International Conference on ICT and Knowledge Engineering (ICT & Knowledge Engineering 2015). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictke.2015.7368475.

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Reports on the topic "Irrigation engineering"

1

Gatliff, E. G., and M. C. Negri. Root engineering for self-irrigation that exploits soil depth dimension for carbon sequestration. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/964000.

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Haneberg, William C., and Gerald Tripp. Engineering geologic investigation of an irrigation-induced debris flow near Cordova, New Mexico. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/ofr-371.

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Technical Capacity Review of the Irrigation Sector. Vientiane, Lao PDR: Mekong River Commission Secretariat, June 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.52107/mrc.ajgfc6.

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This report provides an overview of the irrigation sector in the lower Mekong countries, including on the issues of environment and capacity of engineers and engineering communities, technical protocols in planning, design, construction management, operations and maintenance, and capacity development.
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