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1

Skagerstam, Ebbesson Sara, and Frida Skagerstam. "ISA 540 (OMARBETAD)- Effekter på revisorns arbete." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-19986.

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Bakgrund: International Standards on Auditing (ISA) är en uppsättning med 36 standarder som svenska revisorer har att förhålla sig till vid revision av företag. En av dessa, ISA 540, genomgick nyligen en omarbetning, och den nya versionen är tillämplig för räkenskapsperioder som startade 15 december 2019 och senare. Standarden hanterar revision av uppskattningar i redovisningen, ett område som innebär en växande utmaning för revisorer. Standardsättaren menar att den nya standarden innebär utökade krav och mer detaljerad vägledning kring revision av uppskattningar med syfte att höja revisionskvaliteten. Det finns dock tidigare forskning som visar på att utökad reglering inte självklart leder till förbättrad revisionskvalitet. Det har också funnits en oro från berörda att standardändringen skulle generera i en ökad arbetsbörda som inte vägs upp av de positiva effekterna. Syfte: Syftet med undersökningen är att förklara om ISA 540 (omarbetad) har påverkat revisorers arbetssätt och arbetsbörda. Undersökningen ämnar också att utifrån revisorers upplevelse av den nya standardens konsekvenser dra slutsatser kring påverkan på revisionskvaliteten. Metod: En kvantitativ undersökningsmetod har använts för att kunna dra generella slutsatser kring resultatet. Insamling av data gjordes med hjälp av enkäter för att fånga revisorers upplevelse av den nya standardens påverkan på deras arbete. Hypotesprövning har sedan genomförts med hjälp av teckentest. Slutsats: Slutsatsen är att revision av uppskattningar är ett arbete som blivit mer standardiserat och innebär en högre arbetsbörda för revisorer på grund av ISA 540 (omarbetad). Samtidigt har standarden lett till en förbättring av revisionskvaliteten. Utifrån diskussionen i tidigare studier var detta resultat inte att förvänta, då mer standardiserade processer har kritiserats för att hämma professionellt omdöme vilket i själva verket sägs vara det som förbättrar revisionskvaliteten.
Background: International standards on auditing (ISA) is a set of 36 standards that Swedish auditors have to adhere to when auditing companies. One of these, ISA 540, was recently revised, and the new version is applicable for accounting periods starting December 15, 2019 and later. The standard deals with the audit of estimates, an area that poses a growing challenge for auditors. The standard setter claims that the new standard entails increased requirements and more detailed guidance on auditing estimates with the aim of raising the quality of audits. However, there is previous research that shows that increased regulation does not obviously lead to improved audit quality. There has also been a concern from relevant bodies that the revised standard would generate an increased workload that is not offset by the positive effects. Purpose: The purpose of the report is to explain whether ISA 540 (revised) has affected auditors' working methods and workload. The survey also intends to draw conclusions about the impact on the quality of audits based on auditors' experience of the consequences of the revised standard. Methods: A quantitative method has been used to be able to draw general conclusions about the results. Data was collected using surveys to capture auditors' experience of the revised standard's impact on their work. Sign tests were then performed in order to test the hypothesis of the report. Conclusion: The conclusion is that auditing estimates is a work that has become more standardized and entails a higher workload for auditors due to ISA 540 (revised). At the same time, the standard has led to an improvement in audit quality. Based on the discussion in previous studies, this result was not to be expected, as more standardized processes have been criticized for inhibiting professional judgment, which in fact is said to be what improves the audit quality.
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2

Bochenek, Steffen [Verfasser], Walter [Akademischer Betreuer] Richtering, and Lucio [Akademischer Betreuer] Isa. "Microgels at liquid interfaces / Steffen Bochenek ; Walter Richtering, Lucio Isa." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1239116810/34.

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3

Wallberg, Maria, and Nora Wennertorp. "Svenska revisorers revisionsförfarande : Verkligt värde på förvaltningsfastigheter." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22366.

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Syftet med denna studie är att skapa förståelse för hur revisorer går till väga vid revision av verkligt värde på förvaltningsfastigheter. Forskningsstrategin är av kvalitativ art med en abduktiv ansats och grundas i den hermeneutiska forskningstraditionen. Den empiriska undersökningen utgörs av semistrukturerade intervjuer som sedan tolkas och kopplas till tidigare forskning och relevanta teorier för att besvara studiens forskningsfrågor. Studiens resultat visar hur revisorer går till väga vid revision av verkligt värde på förvaltningsfastigheter, genom en modell med tre faser. Ingen större skillnad på revisionsmetod kan urskiljas genom den empiriska undersökningen. Studien kommer även fram till att IAS 40 medför högre krav på revisorers kunskap på grund av att det verkliga värdet är av större väsentlighet och risk, samt innebär mer subjektiva bedömningar av antaganden och indata. I studiens teoretiska resultat återfinns tre-fas-modellen för revision av verkligt värde på förvaltningsfastigheter samt skillnaden mellan full värdering och skrivbordsvärdering. Det praktiska resultatet för studien består av förslag till förändring av ramverk kring området. Som förslag till vidare forskning på området rekommenderar författarna att undersöka varför de oerfarna revisorerna har en mindre positiv syn på verkligt värde. Även latent skatt inom fastighetsbolag belyses som ett område med möjlighet till vidare forskning.
The purpose of this study is to create an understanding of how auditors audit fair value of investment properties. The research strategy is of qualitative nature, with an abductive research approach and is based on the hermeneutical research tradition. The empirical study is based on semi-structured interviews which are then interpreted and linked to previous research and relevant theories to answer the study’s research questions. The study shows how the auditors proceed during the audit of fair value of investment properties, through a model with three phases. No big difference of audit methodology can be identified through the empirical study. The study also concludes that IAS 40 results in higher demands on auditors' knowledge due to the major importance and risk that fair value brings, which means more subjective assessments of assumptions and inputs. The study's theoretical contributions include a three-phase model for the audit process of fair value of investment properties and the difference between a full valuation and a desktop valuation. The practical contribution of the study consists of proposals for change in the framework. As suggestions for further research in this area, the authors suggest why the inexperienced auditors have a less positive view of fair value. Also deferred taxes in real estate is highlighted as an area of opportunity for further research.
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4

Fonseca, Isa Alexandra Queiroz da [Verfasser]. "On the way to molecular optical switches : a solid-state NMR study of trans-cinnamic acids / Isa Alexandra Queiroz da Fonseca." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992711045/34.

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5

Gernert, Ina [Verfasser]. "Redox Chemistry of Hydrated Metal Ions / Ina Gernert." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1173163182/34.

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6

Plagemann, Ina [Verfasser]. "Enzymatische Synthese oxyfunktionaler Kohlenwasserstoffe / Ina Plagemann." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2014. http://d-nb.info/1053540523/34.

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Bergmann, Insa [Verfasser], and Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Schulz. "Bausteine zur Synthese des Carolactons / Insa Bergmann ; Betreuer: Stefan Schulz." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1175822086/34.

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8

Wilkening, Ina [Verfasser]. "Synthesis of phosphin-, phosphon- and phosphoramidates by Staudinger reactions / Ina Wilkening." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/103029108X/34.

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Kolbe, Isa [Verfasser]. "The interplay of central and peripheral circadian clocks in white adipose function and metabolic homeostasis / Isa Kolbe." Lübeck : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1153844974/34.

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10

Krebs, Ina [Verfasser], and Carsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmuck. "Zwitterion-Perylene diimide-Modules for switchable supramolecular systems / Ina Krebs. Betreuer: Carsten Schmuck." Duisburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081899565/34.

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Schmid, Ira [Verfasser]. "Bioinspired Catalytically Active Materials: ATPase Mimics and Artificial Enzymatic Cascade Reactions / Ira Schmid." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1189864215/34.

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12

Ebersbach, Ina [Verfasser]. "Aerosol-basierte Eliminierung von per- und polyfluorierten Tensiden aus wässrigen Lösungen / Ina Ebersbach." Wuppertal : Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1076052916/34.

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Prochnow, Insa [Verfasser], and Sven [Akademischer Betreuer] Doye. "Präparative und mechanistische Studien zur titankatalysierten Hydroaminoalkylierung von Alkenen / Insa Prochnow. Betreuer: Sven Doye." Oldenburg : IBIT - Universitätsbibliothek, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1016981007/34.

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Lunk, Ina [Verfasser]. "Entwicklung neuer Inhibitoren der Enzyme Dimethylarginin Dimethylaminohydrolase und Arginase / Ina Lunk." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1053683413/34.

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Kellner, Ina [Verfasser], and Thomas [Gutachter] Drewello. "Supramolecular chemistry of carbon-rich molecules in the gas phase / Ina Kellner ; Gutachter: Thomas Drewello." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2016. http://d-nb.info/1116712814/34.

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Strauß, Ina Carina [Verfasser], and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Caro. "Metal-organic frameworks for gas and vapour-sensing applications / Ina Carina Strauß ; Betreuer: Jürgen Caro." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1215427255/34.

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Susnik, Peter [Verfasser], and Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Koert. "Studien zur Totalsynthese von Pristinamycin IIA und Synthese biologischer Synthons / Peter Susnik ; Betreuer: Ulrich Koert." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223130428/34.

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Schädlich, Ina [Verfasser], and Helmut [Akademischer Betreuer] Sitzmann. "Reaktionen paramagnetischer Nickel-Halbsandwichkomplexe: Mehrkernige Koordinationsverbindungen und das erste Dinickelocen / Ina Schädlich ; Betreuer: Helmut Sitzmann." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1118500008/34.

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Elamri, Isam [Verfasser], Harald [Gutachter] Schwalbe, and Josef [Gutachter] Wachtveitl. "Design, Synthese und Untersuchung photoaktivierbarer und -deaktivierbarer Puromycin Derivate / Isam Elamri ; Gutachter: Harald Schwalbe, Josef Wachtveitl." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1228432570/34.

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MOREIRA, Helena Alves. "Diagnóstico da qualidade ambiental da Bacia do Rio Jaboatão: sugestão de enquadramento preliminar." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2007. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/5640.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T17:40:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo6273_1.pdf: 4227824 bytes, checksum: fca68f64de842a88997be5a7b7300ac7 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
A Bacia do Rio Jaboatão, que juntamente com a Bacia do Rio Pirapama formam o grupo de pequenos rios litorâneos GL-2, situa-se na região da mata sul do Estado de Pernambuco. A bacia compreende parte dos municípios de Vitória de Santo Antão, Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Moreno, São Lourenço da Mata, Cabo de Santo Agostinho e Recife. A quase inexistência de infra-estrutura sanitária na área de abrangência da bacia do rio Jaboatão, o lançamento de efluentes industrias inadequadamente tratados, a disposição inadequada dos resíduos sólidos e o uso indiscriminado de agrotóxicos e fertilizantes químicos, principalmente motivados pelas culturas temporárias de cana de açúcar, faz com que a qualidade da água do rio esteja comprometida em diversos locais ao longo do seu curso. A elaboração da dissertação teve como objetivo a avaliação da qualidade da água da Bacia do Rio Jaboatão com o intuito de subsidiar a futura realização do enquadramento dos corpos de água em classes de uso preponderante e propor um enquadramento preliminar, como hipótese de trabalho para o enquadramento definitivo. O trabalho utilizou os resultados do programa de monitoramento da Agência Estadual de Meio Ambiente e Recurso Hídricos CPRH relativos aos anos de 1997 a 2005. Os resultados do monitoramento foram comparados com os valores dos limites das classes definidas pela resolução CONAMA 357/05. Foi utilizada a analise multivariada de dados através da técnica de projeção em componentes principais (PCA), e calculado o índice de qualidade da água (IQA) nesses dados, como também foi elaborado mapa em AutoCad Map, contendo informações de uso do solo, fontes poluidoras, usuários de água, pontos de coleta da CPRH, estações fluviométricas e pluviométricas. Como resultado verifica-se que os parâmetros monitorados encontram-se na sua maioria fora do limite da classe 2, o IQA variou de aceitável a péssimo ao longo do rio e a analise multivariada dos dados mostrou que os parâmetros que mais influenciam a má qualidade do rio são o OD, a DBO e o Coliforme fecal, o que evidencia o pouco ou a falta de investimento em políticas de controle da poluição nesta bacia
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Barthel, Stefan [Verfasser], Ina [Akademischer Betreuer] Tegen, Ina [Gutachter] Tegen, and Holger [Gutachter] Tost. "Regionale Modellstudien zur Untersuchung von Emissionsparametrisierungen des primären marinen Aerosols / Stefan Barthel ; Gutachter: Ina Tegen, Holger Tost ; Betreuer: Ina Tegen." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1240696582/34.

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Kuhlmann, Anna [Verfasser], and Insa [Akademischer Betreuer] Neuweiler. "Influence of soil structure and root water uptake on flow in the unsaturated zone / Anna Kuhlmann. Betreuer: Insa Neuweiler." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1022379186/34.

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Objartel, Ina [Verfasser], Dietmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Stalke, and Herbert W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Roesky. "Design of Phosphorus Centered Janus Head Ligands / Ina Objartel. Gutachter: Dietmar Stalke ; Herbert W. Roesky. Betreuer: Dietmar Stalke." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/104393622X/34.

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Haxhiaj, Ina [Verfasser], and Stephan [Akademischer Betreuer] Barcikowski. "Laserbasierte Synthese und Größenkontrolle von reinen Gold- und Platinnanopartikeln für die heterogene Katalyse / Ina Haxhiaj ; Betreuer: Stephan Barcikowski." Duisburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166559475/34.

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Andersson, Malin, and Natalie Atterflod. "Makrosäkring : Intressenters attityder till redovisning av dynamisk riskhantering." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-580.

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Säkringsredovisning används vid redovisning av finansiella instrument som innehas i säkringssyfte. Det är svårt att tillämpa nuvarande regler för säkringsredovisning på makro-säkringar, särskilt när portföljer hanteras dynamiskt. På grund av begränsningarna i nuvarande säkringsredovisning har många företag svårt att tillförlitligt presentera resultatet av dynamisk riskhantering i de finansiella rapporterna. Effekten blir att vissa företag undviker att använda säkringsredovisning medan andra endast tillämpar säkringsredovisning till viss del. En del företag använder istället andra säkringstekniker som inte fullständigt återspeglar den dynamiska riskhanteringen. IASB har publicerat ett diskussionsunderlag (DP) som presenterar en redovisningsmetod för dynamisk riskhantering. Målet med den nya metoden Portfolio Revaluation Approach (PRA) är att uppnå en tillförlitlig presentation samt reducera den nuvarande operativa komplexiteten.Syftet med studien är att undersöka och jämföra IASB:s intressenters attityder till redovisning av dynamisk riskhantering och identifiera deras attityder till den föreslagna redovisnings-metoden PRA. Studien syftar dessutom till att kartlägga intressenternas attityder till hur en framtida metod bör utformas. I studien genomförs en kvalitativ innehållsanalys för att skapa en uppfattning av intressenternas attityder. Studien baseras på 30 remissvar som inkommit från intressenter som svar på IASB:s utgivna DP om makrosäkring. Intressentgrupperna som studien baseras på är normgivare, revisionsbolag och företag.Studien visar att intressenterna anser att det uppstår problem när nuvarande regler tillämpas på dynamiskt hanterade portföljer. IASB bör därför utveckla regler som återspeglar och blir tillämpbara på dynamisk riskhantering. Remissvaren visar dock att åsikterna om makro-säkringsprojektets omfattning och vad dynamisk riskhantering bör innefatta skiljer sig åt. IASB har frångått det initiala målet med projektet och utökat omfattningen. Intressenterna kräver därför att IASB tydliggör målet innan ett utkast (ED) utvecklas.Studien påvisar att åsikterna om PRA är skilda. Intressenterna har dock identifierat fler nackdelar än fördelar med PRA. Enligt intressenterna bör en framtida redovisningsmetod för dynamisk riskhantering endast tillämpas när riskerna har minimerats genom säkring och inte vid all dynamisk riskhantering. Intressenterna anser att en tillämpning på alla dynamiska riskhanteringsaktiviteter skulle öka resultatvolatiliteten och inte resultera i användbar information. Studien visar att en framtida redovisningsmetod för dynamisk riskhantering bör vara frivillig att tillämpa. Intressenterna anser att metoden bör utformas för att kunna tillämpas på alla risker, inte enbart ränterisker. Enligt intressenterna bör IASB inte utveckla en helt ny metod utan istället utforma en metod som bygger på befintliga regler i IFRS 9 Finansiella instrument och IAS 39 Finansiella instrument: Redovisning och värdering. IASB bör dessutom utforma principbaserade regler eftersom att den dynamiska riskhanteringen är föränderlig. IASB måste säkerställa att metoden är praktisk genomförbar. Vår slutsats är att intressenterna förvisso uppmuntrar IASB:s makrosäkringsprojekt men få är tillfredsställda med det som presenteras i DP.
Hedge accounting is used when accounting for financial instruments held for hedging purposes. There are difficulties associated with applying existing hedge accounting requirements to macro hedges particularly when portfolios are managed dynamically. Because of the limitations of existing hedge accounting many entities find it difficult to faithfully present the results of dynamic risk management in the financial statements. As a result, some entities do not apply hedge accounting at all while others only apply parts of hedge accounting. Some entities apply other hedging techniques which do not correctly reflect the dynamic risk management. The IASB has published a Discussion Paper (DP) featuring an accounting method for dynamic risk management. The objective of the new method Portfolio Revaluation Approach (PRA) is to achieve a faithful presentation of dynamic risk management and reduce the existing operational complexity.The purpose of the study is to examine and compare the attitudes of the IASB’s stakeholders towards accounting for dynamic risk management and identify their opinion on the proposed accounting method PRA. The study also aims to identify stakeholders’ views on how a future method should be designed. To obtain an understanding of stakeholders’ views a qualitative content analysis were used. The study is based on 30 comment letters received from stakeholders in response to the issued DP on macro hedging. The stakeholders where categorized into three groups: standard setting bodies, accounting firms and corporations.The study shows that stakeholders consider that problems arise when the current rules is applied to dynamically managed portfolios. The IASB should develop rules that will be applicable and reflect dynamic risk management. The comment letters shows different opinions about the scale of the project and what dynamic risk management should cover. The IASB has modified the initial objective of the project and expanded the scope. Stakeholders therefore require that the IASB clarifies the objective before they develop an Exposure Draft (ED).The study found that opinions on PRA are diverse. Stakeholders have, however, identified more disadvantages than advantages with PRA. According to stakeholders, a future accounting method for dynamic risk management should be applied only when risk mitigation has been undertaken by hedging and not applied on all dynamic risk management. Stakeholders believe that an application on all dynamic risk management activities would increase volatility in profit or loss and not result in useful information. Furthermore, the study shows that a method should be optional to apply. A future accounting method should be designed to be applicable to all risks, not only interest rate risks. Judging by the commentIIletters from the stakeholders, the IASB should not develop a new method but instead design a method based on the existing rules in IFRS 9 Financial instruments and IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. Moreover, the IASB should develop principle-based rules because of the character of dynamic risk management. The IASB must ensure that the method is practicable. Our conclusion is that even though the stakeholders encourage the macro hedging project, few are satisfied with the proposal submitted.(This paper is written in Swedish)
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Halfpap, Ina [Verfasser]. "Photoionisation und Photoanregung von freien Siliziumdioxid-Nanopartikeln / Ina Halfpap." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1170814557/34.

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Schmidt, Ina [Verfasser], Gunther [Akademischer Betreuer] Wittstock, and Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Beckhaus. "Investigation of Dye-sensitized Photoanodes and Tris(2,2’-bipyridine)cobalt Redox Mediators Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy / Ina Schmidt ; Gunther Wittstock, Rüdiger Beckhaus." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1171423543/34.

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Schmidt, Ina Verfasser], Gunther [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wittstock, and Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Beckhaus. "Investigation of Dye-sensitized Photoanodes and Tris(2,2’-bipyridine)cobalt Redox Mediators Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy / Ina Schmidt ; Gunther Wittstock, Rüdiger Beckhaus." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:715-oops-38023.

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Aretz, Ina [Verfasser]. "Proteome and metabolome changes associated with mitochondrial diseases / Ina Aretz." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1108307728/34.

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Keggenhoff, Ina [Verfasser]. "Temperature extremes over Georgia : changes, patterns and driving forces / Ina Keggenhoff." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081013974/34.

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Polo, y. La Borda Ramos Martín. "Nuevas tendencias en Tambo Colorado. Análisis del material arqueológico del Recinto 6 y Recinto 19." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/5403.

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La presente investigación se centra en el análisis del material arqueológico recuperado en la temporada de campo del año 2001, por el “Proyecto Arqueológico Tambo Colorado”, el cual estuvo bajo la dirección conjunta del Dr. Craig Morris, Dr. Jean-Pierre Protzen, y el Dr. Julián I. Santillana. El proyecto quiso observar, y determinar las fases de ocupación, y de construcción de uno de los sectores palaciegos más importantes dentro de Tambo Colorado. En ese sentido, es que se excavaron dos unidades: el Recinto 6, y el Recinto 19, las que se encontraban dentro del mismo Sector arquitectónico (Sector G). De esta forma, es que el objetivo principal del proyecto, y, también, de la presente investigación, fuecomprender de mejor manera posible la expansión Inca en la costa Sur del Perú a partir de nueva información que se recuperó dentro del análisis del material arqueológico de estos dos recintos, y que se expone en el presente trabajo. Esta información supuso observar cronología, tecnología constructiva, población y las diversas actividades realizadas en una de las mejor conservadas construcciones Inca en la costa peruana.
Tesis
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32

Wahlström, Jim, and Charlene Akl. "Gridens svar på överlevnad : -en studie om revisorers beaktning av fortsatt drift." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-15851.

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An auditors’ job is to review the company's figures and, as an independent part, give an accurate picture of its financial situation. Auditors have to relate to ISA where ISA 570 can be found and which deals with the going concern. The standard addresses a couple of factors that may be indications that a company can have problems with their continued operation. The problem is that ISA does not evaluate the events, which is more significant than others in the assessment, but it is up to the auditor to consider. The purpose of this paper is to describe the factors, which the auditor believes is more important than others in assessing the going concern and explain why it is so. In order to solve the purpose we used both a quantitative and qualitative method. The quantitative method was based on a grid model called The Reperatory Grid and the qualitative method consisted of interview questions. In order to obtain data we interviewed three certified public accountants. In our results and conclusion, we concluded that it is difficult to determine whether an event is more important than anyone else. The explanation is that the objects that the auditor takes into account most often is situation-specific and therefore require the auditor to use out of their previous knowledge of the company, but also create a comprehensive picture of the specific situation with the help of various dimensions.
En revisors uppgift är att granska företagets siffror och, som oberoende part, ge en tillförlitlig bild av företagets ekonomiska ställning. Revisorn måste vid granskningen förhålla sig till standarden ISA. I ISA finns standarden ISA 570 som behandlar fortsatt drift (going concern). Standarden tar upp ett par faktorer som kan vara indikationer på att ett företag kan få problem med sin fortsatta drift. Problematiken är att ISA inte värderar vilka faktorer som är mer betydelsefulla än andra vid bedömningen, utan det är upp till revisorn att ta ställning. Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva vilka faktorer som revisorn anser är mer betydelsefulla än andra vid en bedömning av going concern samt förklara orsaken till varför det är så. För att ta reda på syftet användes både en kvantitativ och kvalitativ metod. Den kvantitativa metoden utgick från en gridmodell som kallas The Reperatory Grid och den kvalitativa metoden bestod av intervjufrågor. För att få fram data intervjuades tre auktoriserade revisorer. I vårt resultat och slutsats kom vi fram till att det är svårt att avgöra om någon händelse är mer betydelsefull än någon annan. Förklaringen till detta är att de faktorer som revisorn beaktar oftast är situationsspecifik och därför behöver revisorn använda sig utav sin tidigare kunskap om företaget, men även skapa sig en helhetsbild över den specifika situationen med hjälp av olika mått.
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33

Berg, Katharina [Verfasser], and Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Hahn. "IDA - ein Integrin-spezifisches DNA-Aptamer / Katharina Berg. Betreuer: Ulrich Hahn." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1097561682/34.

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34

Berg, Katharina Verfasser], and Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] [Hahn. "IDA - ein Integrin-spezifisches DNA-Aptamer / Katharina Berg. Betreuer: Ulrich Hahn." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1097561682/34.

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35

Leporis, M., P. Rajec, M. Reich, M. Stefecka, O. Szöllos, and P. Kovac. "18F− saturation yield in Large Volume cylindrical IBA target." Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-166161.

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Introduction In last decade increasing demand for clinical F-18 Fludeoxyglucose requires a greater F-18 fluoride production. From the other side increasing price of enriched O-18 water compel us to find the most effective way of F-18 activity production. One of the possible way, how to optimize and increase yield of F-18, is to increasing target current with retaining the same or less volume of enriched water. Optimization of F-18 production on IBA Large Volume cylindrical target is presented. Material and Methods Irradiations of [18O]H2O by 18MeV proton beams with intensities 40–55 μA were performed on CYCLON 18/9, IBA cyclotron and on LV cylindrical IBA target. Irradiated enriched water was transported to the hot cell using RDS (Radioactive Delivery System) system and was measured in Curriementor 4 Isotope Calibrator made by PTW. At the beginning it was necessary to satisfy several requirements: i) target and water cooling. Using a simple two dimensional equation we can roughly estimate the equilibrium temperature inside the target [1]: Δt = HT/Ak where: Δt = the temperature rise in the target chamber over cooling water temperature H = is the heat load T = thickness of metal wall A = area of metal in contact with target water k = thermal conductivity In our case with heat load 720 W (40 μA×18 MeV) is Δt = 78 oC. From the curve of boiling point of water as a function of pressure [2], we can observe t = 212 °C at 20 bar or 243 °C at 35 bar, respectively, which corresponds to max. heat load up to 90–95 µA of target current. ii) pressure and filling water volume. Filling water volume was from 2 to 2.15 ml to guarantee stop all beam in water. Also during experiments for safety reasons the operating pressure was limited to 35 bar as the window rupture pressure is > 50 bar for used 0.05 mm Havar foil. In this case increasing target volume with increasing current was provided with longer tube. Results and Conclusion The saturated yields of F-18 for 40 µA to 55 µA target currents are given in TABLE 1. No systematic decrease in yields with increasing target current was observed and yields were in line with the 230 ± 10 mCi/µA measured at acceptance test of target. The [18F]FDG yields from productions using the TRACERlab-Mx module are shown in FIGURE 1. All presented productions of F-18 were prepared with LV target with 55 µA. No decrease in the yield was observed with increasing beam current. It has been demonstrated that it is possible to produce routinely 250 GBq/2hr (6.8 Ci/2hr) of 18F-Fluoride using LV cylindrical target (operating conditions: 55 µA, 18 MeV, 98% enriched water). As the next step we want to test dual beam – 2×55 µA with two LV targets and expected activity about 500 GBq of 18F-Fluoride in 2 hours is expected.
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36

Winzenborg, Insa [Verfasser]. "Spatial functional principal component analysis and its application in diagnostics / Insa Winzenborg." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Fakultät für Mathematik und Wirtschaftswissenschaften, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1016715471/34.

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37

Einloft, Jens [Verfasser], Ina [Gutachter] Koch, and Enrico [Gutachter] Schleiff. "Zu Algorithmen der Analyse biochemischer Systeme / Jens Einloft ; Gutachter: Ina Koch, Enrico Schleiff." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1120701112/34.

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38

Hoare, Jennifer Anne. "The production and evaluation of IgA monoclonal antibodies directed against Eimeria tenella sporozoites." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303735.

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39

Einloft, Jens [Verfasser], Ina Gutachter] Koch, and Enrico [Gutachter] [Schleiff. "Zu Algorithmen der Analyse biochemischer Systeme / Jens Einloft ; Gutachter: Ina Koch, Enrico Schleiff." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-419651.

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40

Smith, Richard Cameron Gardner [Verfasser]. "Digital control systems in the regeneration cavity of ALPS IIa / Richard Cameron Gardner Smith." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1221269542/34.

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41

Silva, L., C. Hormigo, Y. Litman, S. Fila, H. Gutierres, G. Casale, C. Gonzalez-Lepera, R. Srtangis, and P. Pace. "Experience with top-of-foil loading [18O]water targets on an IBA 18 MeV cyclotron." Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-164717.

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Introduction Liquid targets using top-of-foil loading concept have been succesfully employed for routine high current production of 18F and 13N at Cyclotope (Houston,TX), over the past ten years1,2. These targets are typically filled with 3.5 ml of water, then pressurized with helium gas at 22 bar and bombarded with 18MeV protons (70–100 µA). Average calculated saturation yield for produc-tion of 18F is ~7.8 GBq/µA (210 mCi/µA) using in-house recycled [18O]-water at approximately 93% enrichment. Reduction of beam power per unit of area is one of the advantages of a tilted entrance-foil geo-metry. Implementation of this target geometry on the ACSI TR19 cyclotron 25degrees upwards irradiation port results in an almost horizontal target entrance foil. A 6ml total cavity volume target allows variable liquid fill volumes of 1.2–4.5 ml for beam current operation from 30–120 µA, resulting in a very efficient use of the costly 18O-water. In a near horizontal installation as in the mayority of cyclotrons, the fill volume flexibility is drastically reduced, having a minimum fill volume of 3.3 ml. At the requirement of Laboratorios Bacon, Cyc-lotope modified the target design with a front mounted collimator compatible with the IBA Cyclone 18/9 cyclotron. A second requirement was to reduce the minimum fill volume for horizontally mounted targets to 2.5 ml or less, while maintaining saturation yield performance. To preserve compatibility with existing IBA targets, the target hardware was modified to operate in self-pressurization mode. This paper presents the results obtained with high and low volume Niobium target inserts (6ml and 4 ml) mounted near horizontally on the IBA Cyclone 18/9 cyclotron and operated in self-pressurization mode. We present pressure/current characteristics, target performance (saturation yield, produced activities, maintenance frequency, FDG yields, etc.). Material and Methods The following targets manufactured by Cyclotope were tested and routinely used for production at Laboratorios Bacon: 1-High Volume Target CY2 model (“American Standard”), 6ml Niobium cavity. 2-Low Volume Target, CY3a model (“Traful”), 4ml Niobium cavity. 3- Low volume Target, CY3b model (“Ferrum”), 4.1ml Niobium cavity. Results and Conclusion The advantages of self-pressurization mode (Laboratorios Bacon setup) are: - Using the vapor pressure as a performance parameter - heat removal by boiling/condensation cycle starts at lower temperature (beam cur-rent) . While, the advantages of the pre-pressurized targets (Cyclotope setup) are: - reduced pressure fluctuations - performance is basically unaffected by plumbing dead volume - flexibility to locate instrumentation farther away from radiation fields - less dependence on fill volume - potential target leaks can be detected before starting an irradiation No significant differences were found in target performance when operated in either pressu-rization mode. The self-pressurizing setup seems to require a sligthly lower fill volume (approxi-mately 5%). The maximum beam current was limited by the foil rupture pressure (~ 40 bar). Safe maximum operating pressure was determined as 30 bar. No foil rupture was experienced during nine months of daily irradiation of these targets in self-pressurizing mode at Laboratorios Bacon. The irradiation parameters and target performance for the different targets are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. The low volume Traful and Ferrum targets have the best saturation activity vs. fill volume, A(sat)/V, relation. Both targets produce 310 ± 31GBq (8.4 ± 0.8 Ci) of high quali-ty fluoride (F-18) in two hours of irradiation at 70 µA. The low volume targets have a low operation pressure (20bar @ 70µA) when compared to the IBA (NIRTA XL) targets. The typical saturation activity for the low volume targets was 592 ± 59 GBq (16 ± 1.6 Ci) of F-18 at 70 µA, 8.5 GBq/µA (228 mCi/µA) using 2.7ml enriched O-18 water (98 % +). The maintenance interval (> 10 mA.h) is very conveniente to reduce personnel radiation dose. No reduction in FDG yields was observed during that operation interval. In contrast, operation of the high volume targets in pre-presurization mode at the Cyclotope facility results in a higher maximum beam current limit (135 µA) for the same operating pressure (25 bar). Nevertheless, more O-18 water will be required to irradiate at this high current (4.5 ml vs. 3.0 ml). In self-pressurizing mode, a higher filling volume will reduce the expansion volume and, in consequence, the maximum beam current.
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42

Poniger, S., H. Tochon-Danguy, H. Panopoulos, and A. Scott. "Fully automated production of Zr-89 using IBA Nirta and Pinctada Systems." Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-166082.

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Few PET isotopes are suitable for antibody labelling since immunoPET requires that the PET isotope can be attached to the mAb with high in-vivo stability and the decay half-life of the isotope should match the pharmacokinetics of the mAb (Phelps 2004). Both 124I (t½ = 4.2 d) and 89Zr (t½ = 3.3 d) have a near ideal half-life for anti-body-based imaging, but there are several ad-vantages of using 89Zr over 124I. For 124I, the high energy of its positrons (2.13 MeV), results in a relatively low PET image resolution and the possible dehalogenation in vivo can lead to significant radioactivity uptake in non-targeted organs. In comparison, for 89Zr the low energy of its positron (395.5 keV), results in a PET images with a higher spatial resolution and furthermore, 89Zr is a residualizing isotope, which is trapped inside the target cell after internalization of the mAb. One disadvantage of 89Zr is its abundant high energy gamma-ray (909 keV), which may limit the radioactive dose that can be administered to the patients. The most popular reaction to produce 89Zr is the 89Y(p,n)89Zr nuclear reaction (Sahar et al., 1966; Link et al., 1986). A proton beam with 14-16MeV energy is used to bombard inexpensive high-purity 89Y metal target (99.9%), avoiding cumbersome recycling of the target material. The yttrium targets could be either a foil (Dejesus and Nickels, 1990), sputtered onto a copper support (Meijs et al., 1994) or Y2O3 pellets (S. A. Kandil, B. Scholten, 2007). Although 89Zr is currently commercially available, its price is prohibitive for routine clinical applications of 89Zr immuno-PET. The motivation of the present work was the fully automated production of small quantities of 89Zr using commercially available automated systems. We also describe a newly designed and tested platinum cradle, capable of holding a metallic foil and being directly transferable/compatible between the IBA NIRTA target and IBA Pinctada Metal dissolution/purification module. Material and Methods The solid target infrastructure used for 89Zr production was identical to the implementation reported earlier for production of 64Cu and 124I (S. Poniger et al. 2012). The commercially avail-able Nirta Solid Target from IBA was coupled to our 18/9 IBA cyclotron using a 2-meter external beam line. A fully automated pneumatic solid target transfer system (STTS) designed by TEMA Sinergie was used to deliver the irradiated tar-gets to a dedicated hotcell. The newly designed platinum cradle holding the yttrium foil (0.127 mm thick, 8 mm d) is shown in FIG. 1. Typical irradiation parameters were 14.9 MeV at 20 μA for 1.5 hours (90o angle of incidence). The irradiated cradle, containing the 89Zr target is then loaded directly into the IBA Pinctada Metal module (see FIG. 2) for dissolution/purification without disassembly. We used the dissolution/purification method described by Holland et al. 2009, without modification (Purification of 89Zr from 89Y, 88Y and other radionuclidic impurities using a hydroxamate column, with 89Zr eluted with 1.0M Oxalic acid). Radionuclidic purities were evaluated by gamma spectroscopy and traces of metallic impurities were determined by ICP-MS. Results and Conclusion FIGURE 3 shows the gamma spectrum of the purified 89Zr solution. Since yttrium has one stable isotope only, relatively pure 89Zr is produced at low energy (14.9 MeV). In these preliminary non-optimized cyclotron productions, average purified 89Zr yield of 0.34 mCi/μAh was achieved, in comparison to values of 1.5 mCi/μAh found in the literature (10° angle of incidence). In these preliminary experiments, no deformation of the foil was observed at 20 μA beam current and higher currents are under investigation.
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43

Stamer, Insa [Verfasser], Ilka [Akademischer Betreuer] Parchmann, and Stefan [Gutachter] Schwarzer. "Authentische Vermittlung von Naturwissenschaften im Schülerlabor : Förderung der authentischen Wahrnehmung von Naturwissenschaften durch Einblicke in die Forschung des Sonderforschungsbereichs (SFB) 677 mittels Videos / Insa Stamer ; Gutachter: Stefan Schwarzer ; Betreuer: Ilka Parchmann." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202778216/34.

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44

Neuweiler, Insa [Verfasser], and Rainer [Akademischer Betreuer] Helmig. "Scale dependence of flow and transport parameters in porous media / Insa Neuweiler. Betreuer: Rainer Helmig." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1014148502/34.

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45

Burghaus, Ina [Verfasser], Holger [Gutachter] Dette, and Herold [Gutachter] Dehling. "Versuchsplanung bei nicht-konkaven Optimalitätskriterien / Ina Burghaus ; Gutachter: Holger Dette, Herold Dehling ; Fakultät für Mathematik." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1204257051/34.

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46

Alber, Ina [Verfasser], and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Neumann. "Synthesis and Plasmonic Properties of Metallic Nanowires and Nanowire Dimers / Ina Alber ; Betreuer: Reinhard Neumann." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1177039982/34.

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47

Bock, Ina [Verfasser]. "Recognition of post-translational histone modifications by antibodies and epigenetic reading domains / Ina Bock." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1037013751/34.

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48

Pavlichenko, Ida [Verfasser], and Bettina [Akademischer Betreuer] Lotsch. "Stimuli-responsive photonic crystal sensors : towards an integrated electrophotonic detection platform / Ida Pavlichenko. Betreuer: Bettina Lotsch." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/107885226X/34.

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49

Karl, Veronika [Verfasser], Daniel [Gutachter] Wachsmuth, and Ira [Gutachter] Neitzel. "Augmented Lagrangian Methods for State Constrained Optimal Control Problems / Veronika Karl ; Gutachter: Daniel Wachsmuth, Ira Neitzel." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220228273/34.

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50

Schneider, Ina Alexandra [Verfasser], and Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Strunk. "Superconductor-Insulator Transition and Charge-Phase Duality in TiN Nanowires / Ina Alexandra Schneider ; Betreuer: Christoph Strunk." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1149920327/34.

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