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1
Ma, Zeyu, Jianhui Cui, Zhimin Liu, et al. "Influence of Inter-System Biases on Combined Single-Frequency BDS-2 and BDS-3 Pseudorange Positioning of Different Types of Receivers." Remote Sensing 16, no. 10 (2024): 1710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16101710.
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The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has developed rapidly, and the combination of BDS Phase II (BDS-2) and BDS Phase III (BDS-3) has attracted wide attention. It is found that there are code ISBs between BDS-2 and BDS-3, which may have a certain impact on the BDS-2 and BDS-3 combined positioning. This paper focuses on the performance of BDS-2/BDS-3 combined B1I single-frequency pseudorange positioning and investigates the positioning performance with and without code ISBs correction for different types of receivers, include geodetic GNSS receivers and low-cost receivers. The results show the following: (1) For geodetic GNSS receivers, the code ISBs of each receiver is about −0.3 m to −0.8 m, and the position deviation is reduced by 7% after correcting code ISBs. The code ISBs in the baseline with homogeneous receivers has a little influence on the positioning result, which can be ignored. The code ISBs in the baseline with heterogeneous receivers is about −0.5 m, and the position deviation is reduced by 4% after correcting code ISBs. (2) The code ISBs in the low-cost receivers are significantly larger than those in the geodetic GNSS receivers, and the impact on the positioning performance of the low-cost receivers is significantly greater than that on the geodetic GNSS receivers. After correcting the code ISBs, the position deviation of low-cost receivers can be reduced by around 12% for both undifferenced and differenced modes. (3) For low-cost receivers, correcting the code ISBs can increase the number of epochs successfully solved, which effectively improves the low-cost navigation and positioning performance. (4) The carrier-phase-smoothing method can effectively reduce the distribution dispersion of code ISBs and make the estimation of ISBs more accurate. The STD values of estimated code ISBs in geodetic GNSS receivers are reduced by about 40% after carrier-phase smoothing, while the corresponding values are reduced by about 7% in low-cost receivers due to their poor carrier-phase observation quality.
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Pujara, Akshay A., and Ravi Kant. "Supply Chain Information Sharing." International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management 8, no. 1 (2015): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisscm.2015010102.
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The purpose of this paper is to present an approach for modeling the barriers of information sharing (IS) in supply chain (SC) by developing the relationship between various information sharing barriers (ISBs). Using interpretive structural modeling (ISM), the result shows a hierarchy-based model and the mutual relationships among the ISBs. The result shows that there is a group of ISBs having high driving power and low dependence which requires maximum attention and of strategic importance while another group consists of those ISBs which have high dependence and are the resultant actions. This categorization provides an important guideline to top management to differentiate between independent and dependent ISBs and their mutual relationships which are playing the role of roadblocks for effective IS in SC.
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Olaoluwa Omole, Ezekiel, Emmanuel Olusheye Adeyefa, Kemisola Iyabo Apanpa, Victoria Iyadunni Ayodele, Femi Emmanuel Amoyedo, and Homan Emadifar. "Unveiling the Power of Implicit Six-Point Block Scheme: Advancing numerical approximation of two-dimensional PDEs in physical systems." PLOS ONE 19, no. 5 (2024): e0301505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301505.
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In the era of computational advancements, harnessing computer algorithms for approximating solutions to differential equations has become indispensable for its unparalleled productivity. The numerical approximation of partial differential equation (PDE) models holds crucial significance in modelling physical systems, driving the necessity for robust methodologies. In this article, we introduce the Implicit Six-Point Block Scheme (ISBS), employing a collocation approach for second-order numerical approximations of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) derived from one or two-dimensional physical systems. The methodology involves transforming the governing PDEs into a fully-fledged system of algebraic ordinary differential equations by employing ISBS to replace spatial derivatives while utilizing a central difference scheme for temporal or y-derivatives. In this report, the convergence properties of ISBS, aligning with the principles of multi-step methods, are rigorously analyzed. The numerical results obtained through ISBS demonstrate excellent agreement with theoretical solutions. Additionally, we compute absolute errors across various problem instances, showcasing the robustness and efficacy of ISBS in practical applications. Furthermore, we present a comprehensive comparative analysis with existing methodologies from recent literature, highlighting the superior performance of ISBS. Our findings are substantiated through illustrative tables and figures, underscoring the transformative potential of ISBS in advancing the numerical approximation of two-dimensional PDEs in physical systems.
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Zhang, Pengfei, Rui Tu, Linlin Tao, Bing Wang, Yuping Gao, and Xiaochun Lu. "Preliminary Analysis of Intersystem Biases in BDS-2/BDS-3 Precise Time and Frequency Transfer." Remote Sensing 14, no. 18 (2022): 4594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14184594.
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The Chinese BeiDou global satellite system (BDS-3) and regional system (BDS-2) are predicted to coexist over the next decade. Intersystem biases (ISBs) in BDS-2/BDS-3 play a key role in maintaining the consistency and continuity from the BDS-2 to BDS-3 time transfer. Here, we discuss the temporal characteristics, parameter composition, generation mechanism, and the effect of ISBs in BDS-2/BDS-3 on time and frequency transfer. The satellite orbits and clock products from three international GNSS service analysis centers, namely Wuhan University (WUM, China), GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam (GFZ, Germany), and the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE), were employed to investigate the time-transfer stability of ISBs when BDS-2 and BDS-3 were used in combination. We analyzed the intrinsic characteristics of ISBs, the receiver types, antennas, and frequency standards. Our first results showed that ISBs are stable for different analysis center products, although the mean values of daily results differed markedly for the three analysis centers. With respect to the relationship between station attribution and ISB difference for a time link, the receiver type, antenna, and frequency standard influence the ISB differences in time and frequency transfer. The effect of three ISB stochastic models was evaluated with respect to time and frequency transfer. The “walk” and “constant” schemes were slightly superior to “noise”, with the improvement in their frequency stability being approximately 5% compared with that of “noise”.
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Pan, Lin, Zhehao Zhang, Wenkun Yu, and Wujiao Dai. "Intersystem Bias in GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BDS-3, and BDS-2 Integrated SPP: Characteristics and Performance Enhancement as a Priori Constraints." Remote Sensing 13, no. 22 (2021): 4650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13224650.
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Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) have been booming in recent years, and the space segment of all four of the GNSSs, including BDS (BDS-3/BDS-2), Galileo, GPS, and GLONASS, has almost been fully deployed at present. The single point positioning (SPP) technology, which is widely used in satellite navigation and low-accuracy positioning, can benefit from the multi-GNSS integration, but the additional intersystem bias (ISB) parameters should be introduced to ensure the compatibility among different GNSSs. In this study, the ISB estimates derived from four-system integrated SPP are carefully characterized, and the performance enhancement attributed to a priori ISB constraints by prediction for position solutions under open sky and constrained visibility environments is rigorously evaluated. The results indicate that the ISB between BDS-3 and BDS-2 cannot be ignored. The daily ISBs show step changes when encountering the replacement of receiver types, while it is not the case for the receiver firmware versions. The daily ISBs are roughly consistent for the stations equipped with the same type of receivers. The short-term stability of epochwise ISBs for GLONASS, Galileo, BDS-2, and BDS-3 with respect to GPS can be 2.335, 1.262, 1.741, and 1.532 ns, respectively, whereas the corresponding long-term stability for daily ISBs can be 1.258, 1.288, 2.713, and 2.566 ns, respectively. The single-day prediction accuracy of daily ISBs for GLONASS, Galileo, BDS-2, and BDS-3 with respect to GPS can be 1.055, 0.640, 1.242, and 0.849 ns, respectively. The improvements on positioning accuracy after introducing a priori ISB constraints can be over 20% at an elevation mask of 40° and 50° with a time span of ISB prediction of a day. As to the availability, it is only 64.0% for traditional four-system SPP under a cutoff elevation of 50°, while the corresponding availability is increased to approximately 90.0% after considering a priori ISB constraints. For completeness, the characteristics of ISBs estimated with the low-cost u-blox M8T receiver and the Xiaomi Mi8 smartphone as well as the contribution of a priori ISB constraints to the multisystem SPP solutions with these devices are also investigated.
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Rahman, Khalil ur, and Hassan Akram. "BANK LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT IN PAKISTAN: DOES LOAN QUALITY, ASSET QUALITY AND FUNDING MANAGEMENT AEFFECT?" Journal of Islamic Business and Management (JIBM) 13, no. 01 (2023): 92–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.26501/jibm/2023.1301-006.
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Purpose: The study encompasses assessment of Liquidity Risk Management (LRM) comparatively among conventional banks (CnBs) and Islamic banks (IsBs) operating in Pakistan. Design/Methodology/Approach: The impact of independent variables Asset Quality (AQAL), Funding Management (FMAN) and Loan Quality (LQAL) have been observed on LRM through multiple hierarchical regression model and descriptive analysis. Findings: The results for CnBs show that the LQAL and FMAN has positive impact on LRM while AQAL has negative impact. Similarly, for IsBs, the AQAL and FMAN positively affect LRM while LQAL has negative impact on the same. Further, the average resulting values of financial rations exhibit the outcome of comparatively better performance of IsBs than CnBs. Originality/Significance: This may considered be the first study in terms of Pakistani Islamic and conventional banks liquidity risk management analysis with respect to significant variables like LQAL, FMAN and AQAL presenting a comparative analysis. Research Limitations/Implications: The paper develops a framework through important variables LQAL, FMAN and AQAL for assessment of most sensitive banking risk aspect of Liquidity risk management and its assessment for massively growing Islamic banks. Practical and Social Implications: The paper provides in-depth analysis and insight to banking industry stakeholders, regulators, Government policy makers, corporate management and visionary research scholars regarding present situation of management of liquidity risk in IsBs and CnBs.
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Chen, Yong, Feng Dong, and Hong Chen. "Business Process and Information Security: A Cross-Listing Perspective." Journal of Industrial Integration and Management 01, no. 02 (2016): 1650009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424862216500093.
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Sensitive data are often handled in business processes. As an important component of industry systems, information system (IS) plays a vital role in business processes. However, data and information may leak in business processes. The damages caused by information security breaches (ISBs) on firms are increasing in recent years. Previous studies have consistently found that the announcements of ISBs are negatively associated with the market values of the announcing firms during the days surrounding the breach announcements. Globalization drives firms in diverse industries to cross-list their stocks. With the benefits of cross-listing, firms are able to perform entrepreneurship and industry integration is improved as well. Because cross-listing improves information environments and provides better investor protection, this paper argues that cross-listing help firms to reduce the negative impacts caused by their announcements of ISBs. From the perspective of ISs engineering, this paper conducts an event study of 120 publicly traded firms and finds that cross-listing does not mitigate the impact of ISB announcements on a firm’s stock prices.
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Kang, Wei, Haiyang Wei, and Shasha Wu. "Assessment of Runoff Control Effect with Improved Stepped Bioretention System (ISBS) under Various Rainwater Conditions." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (2022): 16160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142316160.
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Stepped bioretention systems have been increasingly used for rainwater treatment in hillside areas. However, the depth of aquifer and soil permeability coefficient limit the treatment effect of runoff rainwater, resulting in a large amount of overflow water, particularly during extreme rainfall events. Here, in contrast to the ordinary stepped bioretention system (OSBS), an improved stepped bioretention system (ISBS) was developed by changing the overflow channel and the inflow and overflow were analyzed under various rainwater conditions. ISBS has high stability and the ability to control runoff rainwater. The runoff rainwater volume reduction rate reached 51.5–100% and the removal rate of suspended solid, chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and total nitrogen were 31.2–47.9%, 27.1–51.7%, 26.5–59.0% and 26.7–46.9%, respectively. According to the working principle of the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), the permeable water concentration of other rainfall events can be predicted by using the parameters obtained from extreme rainfall events. In general, ISBS is a very promising runoff rainwater treatment technology, which can reduce the overflow quantity and recharge groundwater under various rainwater conditions.
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Xu, Jie, Chao Zhu, Yi Liu, Guanghui Lv, Changyan Tian, and Hongrui Ma. "Nitrogen Removal Efficiency and Microbial Community Analysis of a High-Efficiency Honeycomb Fixed-Bed Bioreactor." Water 12, no. 6 (2020): 1832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12061832.
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Based on the concept of microbial community multi-processing in integrated spatial bacterial succession (ISBS), this study constructs a highly efficient cellular fixed-bed bioreactor that follows the growth of biological flora in the wastewater treatment process. The reactor is organically partitioned based on synergistic laws and in accordance with environmental and microbial metabolic changes, and sewage is subjected to unitized and specialized biological treatment under direct current conditions. The results show that the ISBS reactor exhibits stable nitrogen removal performance under a low-carbon source. Compared with traditional sewage biochemical treatment technology, the microbial concentration is increased by 2–3 times and even up to 12 times, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is maintained at 99%. The removal rate reaches 90% (hydraulic retention time of 14 h). High-throughput sequencing analysis based on 16S rDNA reveals the microbial community structure succession at different depths of the same section of the reactor. The microbial community is rich under the influence of environmental factors and exhibits different responses. The intervals vary. An analysis of the microbial community function explains why the ISBS reactor has high nitrogen removal efficiency.
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Ke, Cheng, Yanning Zheng, and Shengli Wang. "Characterization of Inter-System Biases in GPS + BDS Precise Point Positioning." Applied Sciences 10, no. 14 (2020): 4968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10144968.
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With the combination of multi-GNSS data, the precise-point positioning (PPP) technique can improve its accuracy, availability and reliability: Inter-system bias (ISB) is the non-negligible parameter in multi-GNSS PPP. To further enhance the performance of multi-GNSS PPP, it is crucial to analyze the characterization of inter system biases (ISBs) and model them properly. In this contribution, we comprehensively investigate the characterization of ISBs between global positioning system (GPS) and BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) in different situations. (1) We estimate ISB by using different precise products from the Center for Orbit Determination (CODE), Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) and Wuhan University (WHU). The results indicate that the one-day estimates of ISB are stable when using CODE and WHU products, whereas the estimates based on GFZ products vary remarkably. As for the three-day time series of ISB, a sudden jump exists between two adjacent days, which is due to the change of satellite clock datum; (2) We investigate the ISB characterization affected by the ambient environments of the receivers. The result shows that the ISBs estimated from receivers (and antennas) with same type are still inconsistent, which indicates that the ambient environment, probably the temperature, influences the ISB characterization as well, since the receivers are in different areas; (3) We analyze the ISB characterization affected by receiver and antenna type with the same ambient environment. To ensure the same ambient environment, the ultra-short baselines were applied to investigate the ISB characterization affected by the receiver and antenna type. With the insights into ISB characterizations, we carry out combined GPS and BDS PPP with modeling the ISB as time constant, random walk process and white noise. The results suggest that the random walk process outperforms in most cases, since it strengthens the model to some extend and, at the same time, considers the variation of ISBs.
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Li, Wei, Song Zhu, and Zutao Ming. "Estimation of Inter-System Biases between BDS-3/GPS/Galileo and Its Application in RTK Positioning." Remote Sensing 13, no. 17 (2021): 3507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13173507.
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For the development of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), the third generation of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) achieved full constellation for worldwide service on 23 June 2020. The new signals, B1C and B2a of BDS-3, further enhance the compatibility and interoperability between different GNSSs. In this study, we first assessed the quality of all the signals in BDS-3/GPS/Galileo. Then, to achieve the interoperability among BDS-3/GPS/Galileo, the inter-system bias (ISB), which appears if an inter-system difference exists between two GNSSs, was estimated at overlapping frequencies. Finally, we used the estimated ISBs in real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning. The results show the higher quality of the overlapping frequency B2a/L5/E5a than B1C/L1/E1 in terms of pseudo range multipath. The ISBs are stable both in the short term for one day and in the long term for over a year, which fit a zero-mean normal distribution well when the identical type of receiver is applied. Thus, it is reasonable to ignore the ISBs in the inter-system differences. With the estimated ISBs, the inter-system double-difference RTK can be achieved, which is called a tightly combined model (TCM) RTK. Compared with the traditional intra-system double-difference RTK, which is called a loosely combined model (LCM) RTK, the TCM RTK can achieve a higher success rate (SR) in terms of ambiguity resolution and higher positioning accuracy. In addition, the higher the cutoff elevation angle set, the greater the promotion can be obtained in SR. Even with a cutoff elevation angle of 50°, the SR of TCM is over 80%. Thus, it is important to apply TCM RTK when the observation conditions are limited, such as in dense jungles or the urban canyons.
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Shely, Asaf, Diva Lugassy, Ophir Rosner, et al. "The Influence of Laboratory Scanner versus Intra-Oral Scanner on Determining Axes and Distances between Three Implants in a Straight Line by Using Two Different Intraoral Scan Bodies: A Pilot In Vitro Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 20 (2023): 6644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12206644.
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Background: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the inter-implant distance, inter-implant axis, and intra-implant axis of three implants in a straight line by using a laboratory scanner (LBS) versus an intra-oral scanner (IOS) with two different intra-oral scan bodies (ISBs). Methods: A 3D model was printed with internal hex implant analogs of three implants in positions 15#, 16#, and 17#. Two standard intra-oral scan bodies (ISBs) were used: MIS ISB (two-piece titanium) and Zirkonzhan ISB (two-piece titanium). Both ISBs were scanned using 7 Series dental wings (LBS) and 30 times using Primescan (IOS). For each scan, a stereolithography (STL) file was created and a comparison between all the scans was performed through superimposition of the STL files by using 3D analysis software (PolyWorks® 2020; InnovMetric, Québec, QC, Canada). A Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was performed followed by a Mann–Whitney test (p < 0.05). Results: The change in inter-implant distance for the MIS ISB was significantly lower compared to the ZZ (p < 0.05). The change in intra-implant angle was significantly lower for the ZZ ISB compared to MIS (p < 0.05). The changes in inter-implant angle between the mesial and middle and between the middle and distal were significantly lower for MIS compared to ZZ in contrast to mesial to distal, which was significantly higher (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Both ISBs showed differences in all the parameters between the LBS and the IOS. The geometry of the scan abutment had an impact on the inter-implant distance as the changes in the inter-implant distance were significantly lower for the MIS ISB. The changes in the intra-implant angle were significantly lower for the ZZ ISB. There is a need for further research examining the influence of geometry, material, and scan abutment parts on the trueness.
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Chen, Jie. "Preface to Special ISBS Issue." Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research 2, no. 2 (2010): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/sbr.2010.pref001.
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Lu, Yangyang, Hu Yang, Bo Li, Jun Li, Aigong Xu, and Mingze Zhang. "Analysis of Characteristics for Inter-System Bias on Multi-GNSS Undifferenced and Uncombined Precise Point Positioning." Remote Sensing 15, no. 9 (2023): 2252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15092252.
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Multi Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Precise Point Positioning (PPP) has become the mainstream of PPP technology. Due to the differences in the coordinates and time references of each GNSS, multi-GNSS PPP must include additional Inter-System Bias (ISB) parameters to ensure compatibility between different GNSSs. Therefore, research on the characteristics of ISB is also essential. To analyze the short- and long-term time characteristics of multi-GNSS ISBs, as well as their relationship with receiver type and receiver antenna type, the Undifferenced and Uncombined (UDUC) PPP model of Global Positioning System (GPS), BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS), and Galileo satellite navigation system (Galileo) was rigorously derived, and the physical of ISBs was elaborated in depth. ISB parameters were estimated and analyzed using 31 days of data from the 31 Multi-GNSS Experimental stations (MGEX). The results indicate that: (1) the ISB value is dependent on the station receiver type, receiver antenna type, analysis center product utilized, and GNSS system. (2) The short-term time characteristics of ISB-COM, ISB-WUM, and ISB-GBM are similar for the same station but not for the long term. In addition, ISBs are more stable in the short term. (3) There is little correlation between the ISB time characteristics, the receiver type, and the receiver antenna type, and the day-boundary discontinuity(DBD) on the ISB can be ignored for the concussive days’ process.
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Wang, Shunbo, Dan Zhao, Yihan Niu, Zhaoxin Wang, Hongxiu Yang, and Hongwei Zhao. "Investigations of Micro-Deformation in Monocrystalline Copper at Low Temperatures via Indentation." Micromachines 13, no. 7 (2022): 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13071043.
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Indentation experiments on differently oriented faces of monocrystalline copper were conducted to investigate the micro-deformation process at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 150 K. The morphologies and textures of the residual imprints were observed using electron microscopy. Distinct slip bands were observed inside the imprints at 150 K compared to smooth surfaces at room temperature. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to identify the deformation process beneath the indentation region. The results showed that plastic deformation was inhibited with decreasing temperature, but elastic recovery during the unloading process was enhanced, resulting in inner slip bands (ISBs) being observable in the residual imprints. The performances of these ISBs were strongly associated with the angles between the indentation direction and major slip surfaces and could be considered microscopic forms on the surfaces of aggregated geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs). This work helped reveal the micro-deformation mechanism of indentations inside imprints.
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Dr., Shraddha Kulkarni*1 &. Dr. Natashaa Kaul2. ".A CASE STUDY ON RESPONSIBLE LEADERSHIP IN THE EDUCATION SECTOR: THE WAY FORWARD." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT 5, no. 3 (2018): 42–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1209321.
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The case study revolves around Indira School of Business Studies, a B-school that is a signatory of Principles of Responsible Management Education (PRME). And in light of the principles that are associated with PRME, the institute wanted to launch new initiatives to become a more advanced signatory. In light of this objective the institute formed a student committee (PRME Ambassadors) to drive the implementation of the ideas.
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Hasan and Beladona Inandia Sutresno Putri. "INDEKS SAHAM BISNIS SOSIAL: SUATU USULAN INDEKS BARU." Journal of Accounting and Finance 4, no. 1 (2025): 66–80. https://doi.org/10.31942/jafin.v4i1.12480.
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Abstrak Saat ini Bursa Efek Indonesia memiliki 44 indeks saham, tetapi belum ada indeks yang spesifik pada saham bisnis yang berorientasi sosial. Orientasi sosial artinya perusahaan dimaksudkan untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah sosial lebih dominan daripada orientasi profit dan ukuran kinerja bisnis konvensional pada umumnya. ISBS akan mengakomodir investor-investor sosial dan sekaligus memfasilitasi permodalan yang dibutuhkan oleh perusahaan-perusahaan sosial. Hal ini diharapkan akan memfasilitasi para pemangku kepentingan dan para wirausaha sosial untuk menciptakan dan mengembangkan bisnis sosialnya. Kata Kunci : Indeks, Saham, Bisnis Sosial Abstract Currently, the Indonesia Stock Exchange has 44 stcok indices, but there is no specific index for socially oriented business stocks. Social orientation means that companies are intended to address social issues more dominantly than profit orientation and conventional business performance measures in general. ISBS will accommodate sociali vestors and at the same time facilitate the capital needed by social companies. This is expected to facilitate stakeholders and social entrepreneurs to create and develop their social businesses. Keywords : Index, Stocks, Social Business
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Warrender, William J., Usman Ali M. Syed, Sommer Hammoud, et al. "Pain Management After Outpatient Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials." American Journal of Sports Medicine 45, no. 7 (2016): 1676–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546516667906.
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Background: Effective postoperative pain management after shoulder arthroscopy is a critical component to recovery, rehabilitation, and patient satisfaction. Purpose: This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of level 1 and level 2 evidence regarding postoperative pain management for outpatient arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: We performed a systematic review of the various modalities reported in the literature for postoperative pain control after outpatient shoulder arthroscopy and analyzed their outcomes. Analgesic regimens reviewed include regional nerve blocks/infusions, subacromial/intra-articular injections or infusions, cryotherapy, and oral medications. Only randomized control trials with level 1 or level 2 evidence that compared 2 or more pain management modalities or placebo were included. We excluded studies without objective measures to quantify postoperative pain within the first postoperative month, subjective pain scale measurements, or narcotic consumption as outcome measures. Results: A combined total of 40 randomized control trials met our inclusion criteria. Of the 40 included studies, 15 examined nerve blocks, 4 studied oral medication regimens, 12 studied subacromial infusion, 8 compared multiple modalities, and 1 evaluated cryotherapy. Interscalene nerve blocks (ISBs) were found to be the most effective method to control postoperative pain after shoulder arthroscopy. Increasing concentrations, continuous infusions, and patient-controlled methods can be effective for more aggressively controlling pain. Dexamethasone, clonidine, intrabursal oxycodone, and magnesium have all been shown to successfully improve the duration and adequacy of ISBs when used as adjuvants. Oral pregabalin and etoricoxib administered preoperatively have evidence supporting decreased postoperative pain and increased patient satisfaction. Conclusion: On the basis of the evidence in this review, we recommend the use of ISBs as the most effective analgesic for outpatient arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
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Muhammed, Manaf, and Muhammad Shakeel Virk. "On the Fidelity of RANS-Based Turbulence Models in Modeling the Laminar Separation Bubble and Ice-Induced Separation Bubble at Low Reynolds Numbers on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Airfoil." Drones 8, no. 4 (2024): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones8040148.
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The operational regime of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is distinguished by the dominance of laminar flow and the flow field is characterized by the appearance of Laminar Separation Bubbles (LSBs). Ice accretion on the leading side of the airfoil leads to the formation of an Ice-induced Separation Bubble (ISB). These separation bubbles have a considerable influence on the pressure, heat flux, and shear stress distribution on the surface of airfoils and can affect the prediction of aerodynamic coefficients. Therefore, it is necessary to capture these separation bubbles in the numerical simulations. Previous studies have shown that these bubbles can be modeled successfully using the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) but are computationally costly. Also, for numerical modeling of ice accretion, the flow field needs to be recomputed at specific intervals, thus making LES and DNS unsuitable for ice accretion simulations. Thus, it is necessary to come up with a Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equation-based model that can predict the LSBs and ISBs as accurately as possible. Numerical studies were performed to assess the fidelity of various RANS turbulence models in predicting LSBs and ISBs. The findings are compared with the experimental and LES data available in the literature. The structure of these bubbles is only studied from a pressure coefficient perspective, so an attempt is made in these studies to explain it using the skin friction coefficient distribution. The results indicate the importance of the use of transition-based models when dealing with low-Reynolds-number applications that involve LSB. ISB can be predicted by conventional RANS models but are subjected to high levels of uncertainty. Possible recommendations were made with respect to turbulence models when dealing with flows involving LSBs and ISBs, especially for ice accretion simulations.
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Baten, M. A., and A. A. Kamil. "A stochastic frontier model for measuring online bank profit efficiency." South African Journal of Business Management 42, no. 3 (2011): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v42i3.499.
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This study revisited an alternative profit efficiency function specified by Berger & Mester, (1997) and we applied Battese & Coelli, (1995) inefficiency model as a unified and consistent framework in exploring the determinants of important factors causing profit efficiency differential on banking industry in Bangladesh. Using stochastic frontier technique we estimated bank specific profit efficiency for the period 2000 to 2007. This study attempted to examine the changes in the profit efficiency in accordance with NBs (Nationalized Commercial Banks), ISBs (Islamic Banks), FBs (Foreign Banks) and PBs (Private Banks) and significant variations of efficiencies across different kinds of banks in time periods. We found that the profit inefficiency has declined over the reference period and Translog Production Function is more preferable than Cobb-Douglas Production Function. Our results showed that Nationalized Commercial Banks were significantly inefficient and on the contrary ISBs, FBs, and PBs were efficient in producing profit and noteworthy. The estimated year wise average efficiencies of the sample banks from the profit efficiency model was 0.664 while group wise average profit efficiency was 0,639. Dhaka Bank is highly efficient with score 0.89 and AB Bank was found lowest efficient with score 0,35 according to the sample data.
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Arcuri, Lorenzo, Fabrizio Lio, Veronica Campana, et al. "Influence of Implant Scanbody Wear on the Accuracy of Digital Impression for Complete-Arch: A Randomized In Vitro Trial." Materials 15, no. 3 (2022): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030927.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of implant scanbody (ISB) wear on the accuracy of digital impression for complete-arch. A polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) edentulous mandibular model with four internal hexagonal interlocking conical connections was scanned with an extraoral optical scanner to achieve a reference file. Four cylindrical polyetheretherketone (PEEK) ISBs were scanned 30 times with IOS, and the test files were aligned to the reference file with a best-fit algorithm. For each analog linear (ΔX, ΔY and ΔZ-axis) and angular deviations (ΔANGLE) were assessed. Euclidean distance (ΔEUC) was calculated from the linear deviation, reporting a mean of 82 µm (SD 61) ranging from 8 to 347 µm. ΔANGLE error mean was 0.33° (SD 0.20), ranging from 0.02 to 0.92°. From a multivariate analysis, when ΔEUC was considered as a response variable, a significant influence of ISB wear by scan number in interaction to position for implant 3.6 was identified (p < 0.0001); when ΔANGLE was considered as a response variable, a significant effect of position 3.6 was recorded ((p < 0.0001). The obtained results showed that the ISB wear negatively influenced the accuracy of IOS, suggesting that ISB base wear could be detrimental for the seating of ISBs on angulated implants.
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Handriani, Eka. "Determinant of profitability Islamic banks." JPS (Jurnal Perbankan Syariah) 6, no. 1 (2025): 79–99. https://doi.org/10.46367/jps.v6i1.2373.
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Purpose – This study empirically investigates the key determinants of profitability among Islamic banks (ISBs) in Indonesia. The analysis incorporates several critical variables: bank size, liquidity, tangible assets, non-debt tax shields, growth, and bank age. Method – The sample comprises 65 financial statements and annual reports from 13 Islamic banks operating in Indonesia from 2019–2022. Data were analyzed using LISREL, employing structural equation modelling to examine the relationships among variables. The empirical findings indicate that bank size exerts a positive and statistically significant effect on profitability. Likewise, both asset structure and bank age are positively associated with improved financial performance. Conversely, bank growth and the financing-to-deposit ratio (FDR) exhibit negative but statistically insignificant effects, suggesting these variables have only a marginal influence on profitability within the context of this model. Findings – The results imply that fluctuations in FDR, whether upward or downward, do not directly contribute to meaningful changes in earnings. Instead, other internal factors appear to play a more substantial role in shaping the profitability of ISBs. Implications – Consistent with signaling theory, enhancing profitability may serve as strategic signals to investors, indicating sound management quality and promising prospects. This perceived strength encourages greater investor confidence, increasing third-party funds and capital inflows, thereby expanding financing capacity and revenue generation within Islamic banks.
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Meng, Q. Y., X. Zheng, and D. M. WU. "Analysis of nanogranule dispersion using the ISBS method." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 38, no. 3 (2007): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap:2007085.
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Berardesca, Enzo. "ISBS President's welcome address to Skin Research and Technology." Skin Research and Technology 1, no. 1 (1995): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.1995.tb00004.x.
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Ilik, Faik, Hüseyin Büyükgöl, Fatih Kayhan, Devrimsel Harika Ertem, and Timur Ekiz. "Effects of Inappropriate Sexual Behaviors and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Patients With Alzheimer Disease and Caregivers’ Depression on Caregiver Burden." Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology 33, no. 5 (2019): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891988719874123.
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Objective: We investigated the effects of inappropriate sexual behaviors (ISBs) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), and of caregivers’ depression, on the caregiver burden. Method: One hundred forty three patients with AD and their caregivers were included in the study. Sixty-five patients without AD who needed care due to their disability and their caregivers were enrolled for the comparison. Depression in caregivers was diagnosed using The Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (SCID-I). The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale were used to evaluate the severity of AD. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was used to assess the NPSs of patients. Caregiver burden was evaluated using the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). Results: Inappropriate sexual behaviors were found in 13 (9.1%) of the AD group. Inappropriate sexual behaviors were more common in moderate or severe AD ( P = .009, χ2 = 9.396). The prevalence of depression (n = 38, 26.6%) was higher in caregivers of AD group with ISBs ( P = .000, χ2 = 24.69). The ZBI scores of caregivers of patients with AD were higher than the comparison group. In addition, the ZBI scores of caregivers of patients with AD were significantly higher in the AD group with ISB, a high total score of NPI, and a low score of MMSE. The caregivers of AD group with depression had higher ZBI scores ( P < .05). Conclusions: The severity of AD, the presence of NPSs in patients, and major depression in caregivers were risk factors for an increased caregiver burden.
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Odijk, Dennis, Nandakumaran Nadarajah, Safoora Zaminpardaz, and Peter J. G. Teunissen. "GPS, Galileo, QZSS and IRNSS differential ISBs: estimation and application." GPS Solutions 21, no. 2 (2016): 439–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10291-016-0536-y.
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MENG, QING-YUN, and DA-MING WU. "OSCILLATION PROCESS OF BUBBLE IN POLYMERS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 18 (2006): 2517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979206034856.
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A method of dispersing nanogranules in polymer utilizing the stretching, compression, and shearing effects induced by bubble inflation or oscillation in a polymer melt undergoing foaming is reported. It can be known from theoretical calculation that the bubble inflation is very fast (about μs). The other result of theoretical calculation is that the bubble can oscillate when appearing appropriate condition in polymer. The successful dispersion of nanogranules in a polymer melt by bubble inflation has been shown by experiment. Comparison of a theoretical analysis of the dispersion effect is given by the ISBS method with the results from experimental scanning electron microscope micrographs, given reasonable grounds for support of our hypotheses.
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Marques, Simone, Paulo Ribeiro, Carlos Falcão, et al. "Digital Impressions in Implant Dentistry: A Literature Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (2021): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031020.
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Introduction. Digital impressions in implant dentistry rely on many variables, and their accuracy, particularly in complete edentulous patients, is not well understood. Aim. The purpose of this literature review was to determine which factors may influence the accuracy of digital impressions in implant dentistry. Emphasized attention was given to the design of the intra-oral scan body (ISB) and scanning techniques. Materials and methods. A Medline, PubMed and EBSCO Host databases search, complemented by a hand search, was performed in order to select relevant reports regarding the appliance of digital impressions in implant dentistry. The search subject included but was not limited to accuracy of digital impressions in implant dentistry, digital scanning techniques, the design and material of the ISBs, and the depth and angulation of the implant. The related titles and abstracts were screened, and the remaining articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected for full-text readings. Results. The literature search conducted for this review initially resulted in 108 articles, among which only 21 articles fulfilled the criteria for inclusion. Studies were evaluated according to five subjects: accuracy of digital impressions in implant dentistry; the design and material of the intra-oral scan bodies; scanning technique; the influence of implants depth/angulations on the digital impression and accuracy of different intra-oral scanner devices. Conclusions. The accuracy of digital impressions in implant dentistry depends on several aspects. The depth/angulation of the implant, the experience of the operator, the intra-oral scanner used, and environmental conditions may influence the accuracy of digital impressions in implant dentistry. However, it seems that ISBs’ design and material, as well as scanning technique, have a major impact on the trueness and precision of digital impressions in implant dentistry. Future research is suggested for the better understanding of this subject, focusing on the optimization of the ISB design and scanning protocols.
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Tohme, Hani, Ghida Lawand, Rita Eid, Khaled E. Ahmed, Ziad Salameh, and Joseph Makzoume. "Accuracy of Implant Level Intraoral Scanning and Photogrammetry Impression Techniques in a Complete Arch with Angled and Parallel Implants: An In Vitro Study." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (2021): 9859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11219859.
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(1) Background: Stereophotogrammetry has recently been investigated showing high accuracy in complete implant supported cases but has scarcely been investigated in cases of tilted implants. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of digital impression techniques (intraoral scanning and photogrammetry) at the level of intraoral scan bodies in terms of angular deviations and 3D discrepancies. (2) Methods: A stone master cast representing an edentulous maxilla using four implant analogs was fabricated. The two anterior implants were parallel to each other, and the two posterior implants were at an angulation of 17 degrees. Digital intraoral scanning (DIOS) impressions were taken after connecting implant level scan bodies to the master cast and STL files were exported (n = 15). Digital photogrammetry (DPG) impressions were captured using a PiC Camera after tightening implant level PiC optical markers and STL files were exported (n = 15). Superimposition was carried out by a software for determining the accuracy of both. (3) Results: Significant angular discrepancies (ΔA) and 3D deviations of scan bodies were found among the groups in trueness with lower deviations for the DPG (p value < 0.001). However, trueness within ISBs varied between angular and 3D deviations and outcomes were not specific to determine the effect of implant angulation. In precision, no significant differences were detected within ISBs and among both groups in terms of angular deviation. However, DPG had less deviations than DIOS group in terms of 3D deviations (p value < 0.001). (4) Conclusion: Digital photogrammetry technique conveyed the utmost accuracy in both trueness and precision for the intraoral scan bodies among both impression methods assessed. In addition, implant angulation did not influence the precision of the impression techniques but affected their trueness without explicit conclusions.
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Biswas, Rajasree, Priyanka Mondal, and Sabyasachi Nandy. "A comparative study between ultrasonography guided classical interscalene block plus superficial cervical plexus block versus low approach interscalene block plus superficial cervical plexus block in lateral one-third of clavicle and proximal humerus surgery." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 13, no. 11 (2022): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v13i11.45397.
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Background: Classical interscalene approach of brachial plexus block with superficial cervical plexus block has become the anesthetic technique of choice in the upper arm, shoulder, and clavicle surgery but there is high risk of complications and sparing of C8-T1 nerve roots. Here, we used low approach of interscalene block (ISB) with superficial cervical plexus block for lateral one-third of clavicle and proximal humerus surgeries. Previously, none of the study compare ultrasonography (USG) guided low ISB (LISB) to the conventional approach for lateral one-third of clavicle and proximal humerus surgeries. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare onset, duration, density of sensory-motor block, and severity of complication between ISB and LISB with superficial cervical plexus block. Materials and Methods: Patients with fracture of lateral end of clavicle and proximal humerus of 18–60 years of 324, American Society of Anesthesiologists I and II patients, were randomly assigned into two groups ISBS and LISB with superficial cervical plexus block (LISBS) to find out the difference in density of sensory-motor blockade associated with any complications between two groups. Results: The degree of the ulnar block after 5 and 15 min was found to be 2.8±2.6 and 1.1±1.8 in LISBS, respectively, for ISBS 3.0±1.5 and 1.8±2.0, respectively, based on a ten-point scale. After 15 min, motor block occurred in the median nerve in 151 patients out of 162 (92.8%), and in all of the other three nerves in all 162 patients. Horner syndrome and hoarseness were less frequent in LISB with superficial cervical plexus block patients than in ISB with superficial cervical plexus block patients (P=0.0009 and 0.003, respectively) which was statistically significant. Conclusion: The present study confirmed the achievement of an appropriate sensory and motor block in the lateral one-third of clavicle with proximal humerus surgery, including the ulnar nerve with no complications than ISB.
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Abdouni et all. "International Society for Biophysics and Imaging of the Skin - ISBS 2016 - Proceedings." Journal Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Research 13, no. 2 (2016): 1–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.19277/bbr.2016.5.1.
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Kim, Jung Youn, Min Wook Kang, Ho Won Lee, and Kyu Cheol Noh. "Suprascapular Nerve Block Is an Effective Pain Control Method in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 1 (2021): 232596712097090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120970906.
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Background: Effective pain control in patients who have undergone arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery improves functional recovery and early mobilization. Interscalene blocks (ISBs), a widely used approach, are safe and provide fast pain relief; however, they are associated with complications. Another pain management strategy is the use of a suprascapular nerve block (SSNB). Hypothesis: We hypothesized that indwelling SSNB catheters are a more effective pain control method than single-shot ISBs. We also hypothesized that indwelling SSNB catheters will reduce the level of rebound pain and the demand for opioid analgesics. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Included in this study were 93 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery between May 2012 and January 2019. These patients were assigned to either the indwelling SSNB catheter group, the single-shot ISB group, or the control (sham/placebo) group (31 patients per group). Level of pain was measured with a visual analog scale (VAS; 0 to 10 [worst pain]) on the day of the operation. The preoperative VAS score was recorded at 6 AM on the day of operation, and the postoperative scores were recorded at 1, 8, and 16 hours after surgery and then every 8 hours until postoperative day 3. Results: The VAS pain scores were lower in the SSNB and ISB groups than in the control group up to postoperative hour (POH) 8, with the most significant difference at POH 8. At POH 1 and POH 8, the mean VAS scores for each group were 2.29 and 1.74 (SSNB), 2.59 and 2.50 (ISB), and 3.42 and 4.48 (control), respectively. VAS scores in the SSNB and ISB groups were consistently <3, compared with a mean VAS score of 3.1 ± 1.58 in the control group ( P < .001). Compared with the ISB group, the SSNB group had significantly fewer side effects such as rebound pain duration as well as lower VAS scores ( P < .001). Conclusion: VAS scores were the lowest in the indwelling SSNB catheter group, with the most pronounced between-group difference in VAS scores at POH 8. Severity and recurring frequency of pain were lower in the indwelling SSNB catheter group than in the single-shot ISB group.
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Zhou, Feng, and Xiaoyang Wang. "Some Key Issues on Pseudorange-Based Point Positioning with GPS, BDS-3, and Galileo Observations." Remote Sensing 15, no. 3 (2023): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15030797.
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Nowadays, BDS-3 and Galileo are still developing and have global service capabilities. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of pseudorange-based/single point positioning (SPP) among GPS, BDS-3, and Galileo on a global scale. First, the positioning accuracy distribution of adding IGSO and GEO to the MEO of BDS-3 is analyzed. The results show that after adding IGSO and GEO, the accuracy of 3D in the Asia-Pacific region is significantly improved. Then, the positioning accuracy of the single-system and single-frequency SPP was validated and compared. The experimental results showed that the median RMS values for the GPS, Galileo, and BDS-3 are 1.10/1.10/1.30 m and 2.57/2.69/2.71 m in the horizontal and vertical components, respectively. For the horizontal component, the GPS and Galileo had better positioning accuracy in the middle- and high-latitude regions, while BDS-3 had better positioning accuracy in the Asia-Pacific region. For the vertical component, poorer positioning accuracy could be seen near the North Pole and the equator for all three systems. Meanwhile, in comparison with the single-system and single-frequency SPP, the contribution of adding pseudorange observations from the other satellite system and frequency band was analyzed fully. Overall, the positioning accuracy can be improved to varying degrees. Due to the observation of noise amplification, the positioning errors derived from dual-frequency SPP were much noisier than those from single-frequency SPP. Moreover, the positioning performance of single-frequency SPP with the ionosphere delay corrected with CODE final (COD), rapid (COR), 1-day predicted (C1P), and 2-day predicted (C2P) global ionospheric map (GIM) products was investigated. The results showed that SPP with COD had the best positioning accuracy, SPP with COR ranked second, while C1P and C2P were comparable and slightly worse than SPP with COR. SPP with GIM products demonstrated a better positioning accuracy than that of the single- and dual-frequency SPP. The stability and variability of the inter-system biases (ISBs) derived from the single-frequency and dual-frequency SPP were compared and analyzed, demonstrating that they were stable in a short time. The differences in ISBs among different receivers with single-frequency SPP are smaller than that of dual-frequency SPP.
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Jiang, Jixiang, Guihong Xu, Zhenhua Zhao, et al. "A Study on the Uniaxial Compressive Constitutive Characteristics of Phosphogypsum-Based Irregular-Shaped Bricks (PG-ISBs) for Underground Filling Retaining Walls." Journal of Composites Science 9, no. 4 (2025): 157. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs9040157.
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This study investigated the mechanical properties of a cementitious material used to prepare irregular-shaped brick masonry structures (PG-ISBs) from industrial solid wastes, including phosphogypsum, calcium powder, cementitious agents, and construction brick debris. The hydration products, microstructure, and elemental composition of the system were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on the experimental stress–strain relationship curves, a constitutive model for the cementitious material was established. The results show that the compressive strength of the PG-ISB cementitious material meets the requirements for filling retaining walls. SEM observations reveal a significant number of micro-pores within the PG-ISB cementitious material, which are important factors affecting its strength. An empirical constitutive model for the uniaxial compression of the specimen was established based on the experimental stress–strain full curves, and the fitting curves showed good agreement with the experimental data.
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Choi, Byung-Kyu, and Hasu Yoon. "Positioning stability improvement with inter-system biases on multi-GNSS PPP." Journal of Applied Geodesy 12, no. 3 (2018): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jag-2018-0005.
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Abstract The availability of multiple signals from different Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) constellations provides opportunities for improving positioning accuracy and initial convergence time. With dual-frequency observations from the four constellations (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou), it is possible to investigate combined GNSS precise point positioning (PPP) accuracy and stability. The differences between GNSS systems result in inter-system biases (ISBs). We consider several ISB values such as GPS-GLONASS, GPS-Galileo, and GPS-BeiDou. These biases are compliant with key parameters defined in the multi-GNSS PPP processing. In this study, we present a unified PPP method that sets ISB values as fixed or constant. A comprehensive analysis that includes satellite visibility, position dilution of precision, position accuracy is performed to evaluate a unified PPP method with constrained cut-off elevation angles. Compared to the conventional PPP solutions, our approach shows more stable positioning at a constrained cut-off elevation angle of 50 degrees.
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Serup, Jørgen. "The 20-year Anniversary of the International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS)." Skin Research and Technology 2, no. 1 (1996): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.1996.tb00045.x.
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Yin, Xiaochun, Youhua Yin, Di Cheng, Yanhong Feng, Guizhen Zhang, and Jinsong Wen. "In-Situ Bubble Stretching Assisted Melt Extrusion for the Preparation of HDPE/UHMWPE/CF Composites." Polymers 11, no. 12 (2019): 2054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11122054.
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In this work, a novel melt extrusion method under synergy of extensional deformation and in-situ bubble stretching (ISBS) and corresponding apparatus were reported. The structure and working principle were introduced in detail. Polymer composites composed of high density polyethylene (HDPE)/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/carbon fiber (CF) were prepared by using this new method. Effects of CF and Azodicarbonamide (AC) contents on composites’ morphology, rheological, thermal, and mechanical properties were experimentally investigated. SEM results showed that the CFs dispersed evenly in the matrix when the AC content was relatively high. DSC results showed that co-crystallization of HDPE and UHMWPE occurred in the composites, and the Xc of the composites decreased with the addition of AC or under high CF loadings. TGA results showed that the thermostability of the composites increased markedly with increasing CF loading. Mechanical properties showed that tensile strength increased by 30% with 9 wt % CF and 0.6 wt % AC added. The results aforementioned indicate that the novel melt extrusion method is a green and effective way to prepare HDPE/UHMWPE/CF composites.
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Kencana Sari, Puspita, Putu Wuri Handayani, Achmad Nizar Hidayanto, and Pribadi Wiranda Busro. "How Information Security Management Systems Influence the Healthcare Professionals’ Security Behavior in a Public Hospital in Indonesia." Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management 18 (2023): 583–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/5185.
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Aim/Purpose: This study analyzes health professionals’ information security behavior (ISB) as health information system (HIS) users concerning associated information security controls and risks established in a public hospital. This work measures ISB using a complete measuring scale and explains the relevant influential factors from the perspectives of Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and General Deterrence Theory (GDT) Background: Internal users are the primary source of security concerns in hospitals, with malware and social engineering becoming common attack vectors in the health industry. This study focuses on HIS user behavior in developing countries with limited information security policies and resources. Methodology: The research was carried out in three stages. First, a semi-structured interview was conducted with three hospital administrators in charge of HIS implementation to investigate information security controls and threats. Second, a survey of 144 HIS users to determine ISB based on hospital security risk. Third, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 11 HIS users to discuss the elements influencing behavior and current information security implementation. Contribution: This study contributes to ISB practices in hospitals. It discusses how HIS managers could build information security programs to enhance health professionals’ behavior by considering PMT and GDT elements. Findings: According to the findings of this study, the hospital has implemented particular information security management system (ISMS) controls based on international standards, but there is still room for improvement. Insiders are the most prevalent information security dangers discovered, with certain working practices requiring HIS users to disclose passwords with others. The top three most common ISBs HIS users practice include appropriately disposing of printouts, validating link sources, and using a password to unlock the device. Meanwhile, the top three least commonly seen ISBs include transferring sensitive information online, leaving a password in an unsupervised area, and revealing sensitive information via social media. Recommendations for Practitioners: Hospital managers should create work practices that align with information security requirements. HIS managers should provide incentives to improve workers’ perceptions of the benefit of robust information security measures. Recommendation for Researchers: This study suggests more research into the components that influence ISB utilizing diverse theoretical foundations such as Regulatory Focus Theory to compare preventive and promotion motivation to enhance ISB. Impact on Society: This study can potentially improve information security in the healthcare industry, which has substantial risks to human life but still lags behind other vital sector implementations. Future Research: Future research could look into the best content and format for an information security education and training program to promote the behaviors of healthcare professionals that need to be improved based on this ISB measurement and other influential factors.
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Itzkowitz, David C. "Israel Finestein. Scenes and Personalities in Anglo-Jewry, 1800–2000. Portland, Oreg.: ISBS. 2002. Pp. xvi, 322. $24.50. ISBN 0-85303-442-7." Albion 36, no. 1 (2004): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4054491.
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Vieglais, Dave, Stephen Richard, Hong Cui, et al. "Internet of Samples: Progress report." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 5 (September 27, 2021): e75797. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.5.75797.
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Material samples form an important portion of the data infrastructure for many disciplines. Here, a material sample is a physical object, representative of some physical thing, on which observations can be made. Material samples may be collected for one project initially, but can also be valuable resources for other studies in other disciplines. Collecting and curating material samples can be a costly process. Integrating institutionally managed sample collections, along with those sitting in individual offices or labs, is necessary to faciliate large-scale evidence-based scientific research. Many have recognized the problems and are working to make data related to material samples FAIR: findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. The Internet of Samples (i.e., iSamples) is one of these projects. iSamples was funded by the United States National Science Foundation in 2020 with the following aims:enable previously impossible connections between diverse and disparate sample-based observations;support existing research programs and facilities that collect and manage diverse sample types;facilitate new interdisciplinary collaborations; andprovide an efficient solution for FAIR samples, avoiding duplicate efforts in different domains (Davies et al. 2021) The initial sample collections that will make up the internet of samples include those from the System for Earth Sample Registration (SESAR), Open Context, the Genomic Observatories Meta-Database (GEOME), and Smithsonian Institution Museum of Natural History (NMNH), representing the disciplines of geoscience, archaeology/anthropology, and biology.To achieve these aims, the proposed iSamples infrastructure (Fig. 1) has two key components: iSamples in a Box (iSB) and iSamples Central (iSC). The iSC component will be a permanent Internet service that preserves, indexes, and provides access to sample metadata aggregated from iSBs. It will also ensure that persistent identifiers and sample descriptions assigned and used by individual iSBs are synchronized with the records in iSC and with identifier authorities like International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) or Archival Resource Key (ARK). The iSBs create and maintain identifiers and metadata for their respective collection of samples. While providing access to the samples held locally, an iSB also allows iSC to harvest its metadata records. The metadata modeling strategy adopted by the iSamples project is a metadata profile-based approach, where core metadata fields that are applicable to all samples, form the core metadata schema for iSamples. Each individual participating collectionis free to include additional metadata in their records, which will also be harvested by iSC and are discoverable through the iSC user interface or APIs (Application Programming Interfaces), just like the core. In-depth analysis of metadata profiles used by participating collections, including Darwin Core, has resulted in an iSamples core schema currently being tested and refined through use. See the <u>current version</u> of the iSamples core schema.A number of properties require a controlled vocabulary. Controlled vocabularies used by existing records are kept, while new vocabularies are also being developed to support high-level grouping with consistent semantics across collection types. Examples include vocabularies for Context Category, Material Category, and Specimen Type (Table 1). These vocabularies were also developed in a bottom-up manner, based on the terms used in the existing collections. For each vocabulary, a decision tree graph was created to illustrate relations among the terms, and a card sorting exercise was conducted within the project team to collect feedback. Domain experts are invited to take part in this exercise <u>here</u>, <u>here</u>, and <u>here</u>. These terms will be used as upper-level terms to the existing category terms used in the participating collections and hence create connections among individual participating collections.iSample project members are also active in the TDWG Material Sample Task Group and the global consultation on Digital Extended Specimens. Many members of the iSamples project also lead or participate in a sister research coordination network (RCN), Sampling Nature. The goal of this RCN is to develop and refine metadata standards and controlled vocabularies for the iSamples and other projects focusing on material samples. We cordially invite you to participate in the Sampling Nature RCN and help shape the future standards for material samples. Contact Sarah Ramdeen (sramdeen@ideo.columbia.edu) to engage with the RCN.
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Liu, Hui, Bao Shu, Longwei Xu, Chuang Qian, Rufei Zhang, and Ming Zhang. "Accounting for Inter-System Bias in DGNSS Positioning with GPS/GLONASS/BDS/Galileo." Journal of Navigation 70, no. 4 (2017): 686–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463316000825.
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Code Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) is widely used in satellite navigation and positioning because of its simple algorithm and preferable precision. Multi-Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is expected to enhance the accuracy, reliability and availability of Differential GNSS (DGNSS) positioning. Traditional DGNSS models should set separate clock parameters due to the clock differences between the different systems. Awareness of the Inter-System Bias (ISB) could help to maximise the redundancy of the positioning model, thus improving the performance of multi-GNSS positioning. This paper aims to examine the inter-system bias of GPS/GLONASS/BeiDou (BDS)/Galileo and their benefits in DGNSS positioning. Results show that Differential ISB (DISB) characteristics vary with different receiver types and systems. The size of DISB could reach metre-level and the precision of estimated DISBs can reach approximately several centimetres within tens of epochs. Therefore, a new real-time DGNSS model that accounts for ISB is proposed. After differential ISBs are initialised, positioning with four satellites from arbitrarily the same or different systems can be realised. Moreover, compared with the traditional DGNSS model, the precision of the positioning results with the new model are obviously improved, especially in harsh environments.
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Leite, Isaura, Pedro Fonseca, Lurdes Ávila-Carvalho, et al. "Biomechanical Research Methods Used in Acrobatic Gymnastics: A Systematic Review." Biomechanics 3, no. 1 (2023): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomechanics3010005.
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The biomechanical analysis of Acrobatic Gymnastics elements has not been extensively explored in scientific research to date. Due to the increased challenge of implementing experimental protocols and collecting data from multiple individuals, it is required to develop strategies that allow a safe, valid and reproducible methodology. This work aims to collect information and systematically analyze the biomechanical approach in Acrobatic Gymnastics to date. A search was conducted in the Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, PubMed and ISBS databases. After the selection and quality-control phases, fourteen documents were included. The results revealed that the biomechanical research in Acrobatics has been focused on balance evaluation, in which the force plate and the center of pressure are the most used instrument and variable, respectively. Research has been focused on kinetics evaluation. Kinematics analysis of pair/group elements would provide scientific answers to unresolved problems, considering that Gymnastics provides almost limitless possibilities to study human motion. Researchers should focus on the type of element, difficulty degree, main characteristics, relationship between the instrument and floor surface specificity and safety conditions. We encourage gymnastics clubs and coaches to establish networks with biomechanics laboratories, allowing to bridge the gap between research and practice.
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Leggeri, Andrea, Paolo Carosi, Vincenzo Mazzetti, Claudio Arcuri, and Claudia Lorenzi. "Techniques to Improve the Accuracy of Intraoral Digital Impression in Complete Edentulous Arches: A Narrative Review." Applied Sciences 13, no. 12 (2023): 7068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13127068.
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Complete edentulous arches have been considered as one of the main limitations of intraoral scanners (IOSs). In these clinical scenarios, the accuracy of IOSs can be reduced because of several anatomical factors. To overcome these limitations, some studies have proposed several techniques to increase the accuracy of the impressions by means of various materials and instruments. The aim of this narrative review was to describe these techniques and to compare the obtained results to understand if it is currently feasible to increase the accuracy of the digital impressions of complete edentulous arches. An accurate analysis of the literature was performed using PubMed (National Library of Medicine) as well as manual searching without time and language restrictions. The results showed that there are few articles in the indexed literature on this topic, and that all are in vitro studies. Although the results of the analyzed studies were encouraging and reported useful in vitro results for artificial landmarks as well as for the use of an auxiliary geometry part related to the splinting of intraoral scan bodies (ISBs), clinical trials are needed to confirm that these techniques are feasible in daily clinical practice.
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Toso, Daniel B., Muhammad Mohsin Javed, Elizabeth Czornyj, Robert P. Gunsalus, and Z. Hong Zhou. "Discovery and Characterization of Iron Sulfide and Polyphosphate Bodies Coexisting inArchaeoglobus fulgidusCells." Archaea 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4706532.
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Inorganic storage granules have long been recognized in bacterial and eukaryotic cells but were only recently identified in archaeal cells. Here, we report the cellular organization and chemical compositions of storage granules in the Euryarchaeon, Archaeoglobus fulgidusstrain VC16, a hyperthermophilic, anaerobic, and sulfate-reducing microorganism. Dense granules were apparent inA. fulgiduscells imaged by cryo electron microscopy (cryoEM) but not so by negative stain electron microscopy. Cryo electron tomography (cryoET) revealed that each cell contains one to several dense granules located near the cell membrane. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) show that, surprisingly, each cell contains not just one but often two types of granules with different elemental compositions. One type, named iron sulfide body (ISB), is composed mainly of the elements iron and sulfur plus copper; and the other one, called polyphosphate body (PPB), is composed of phosphorus and oxygen plus magnesium, calcium, and aluminum. PPBs are likely used for energy storage and/or metal sequestration/detoxification. ISBs could result from the reduction of sulfate to sulfide via anaerobic energy harvesting pathways and may be associated with energy and/or metal storage or detoxification. The exceptional ability of these archaeal cells to sequester different elements may have novel bioengineering applications.
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Garnett, Mark. "James Barr. The Bow Group: A History. London: Politico's Publishing; dist. by ISBS, Portland, Ore. 2001. Pp. xxiv, 248. $45.95. ISBN 1-84275-001-1." Albion 34, no. 3 (2002): 548–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4054803.
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Harris, Ruth-Ann M. "Frank Callanan. T. M. Healy. Cork, U.K.: Cork University Press; dist. by ISBS, Portland, Ore. 1996. Pp. xxvii, 754. $45.00. ISBN 1-85918-009-4." Albion 30, no. 1 (1998): 186–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4052454.
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Searle, G. R. "Robin Betts. Dr. Macnamara, 1861–1931. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press; dist. by ISBS, Portland, Ore. 1999. Pp. xviii, 414. $56.95. ISBN 0-85323-863-4." Albion 32, no. 2 (2000): 346–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4053822.
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Brennan, Marcia. "David Goodway, ed. Herbert Read Reassessed. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press; dist. by ISBS, Portland, Ore. 1998. Pp. vii, 328. $45.95. ISBN 0-85323-862-6." Albion 32, no. 1 (2000): 175–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0095139000064814.
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Douglas, R. M. "Mike Cronin. The Blueshirts and Irish Politics. Dublin: Four Courts Press; dist. by ISBS, Inc., Portland, Ore. 1998. Pp. 220. $39.50. ISBN 1-85182-333-6." Albion 31, no. 1 (1999): 184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0095139000062657.
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Koenig, Franz, and Frank Bretz. "Joint EMA, ISBS, and DR-IBS International Symposium on Biopharmaceutical Statistics: Bridging drug development from research to marketing." Statistics in Medicine 32, no. 10 (2013): 1619–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.5739.
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