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1

Winnerkvist, Anders. "Management of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms and dissections : with emphasis on spinal cord protection in aneurysm repair and non-surgical treatment of type-B dissection /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-768-5/.

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2

Patouraux, Stéphanie. "Rôle de l'ostéopontine dans les complications hépatiques induites par l'alcool, l'obésité et l'ischémie-reperfusion." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4134/document.

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L’ostéopontine (OPN) est une protéine synthétisée et sécrétée par de nombreux types cellulaires. Elle joue un rôle important dans la régulation de la réponse inflammatoire et immune. Elle est également pro-fibrogénique, et présente des propriétés anti-apoptiques. Les NAFLD et ALD sont les premières causes d’ hépatopathies en France. Le spectre de ces complications va de la stéatose à la stéatohépatite, la fibrose, la cirrhose voire le carcinome hépatocellulaire. Le tissu adipeux joue un rôle important dans la survenue et l’évolution des NAFLD. Nous montrons que l'OPN favorise l'inflammation du foie et du tissu adipeux dans les NAFLD, en favorisant le recrutement de macrophages, de cellules dendritiques et de lymphocytes T et en modulant la polarisation de ces cellules immunes. Chez les patients alcooliques, nous rapportons que l’OPN constitue un marqueur prédictif de la fibrose hépatique. Les lésions induites par l'IR hépatique sont la principale cause de dommages survenant au cours des chirurgies du foie. Le rôle de l'OPN lors de l’IR n’a pas été étudié dans le foie. Mes études ont mis en évidence que l'OPN pourrait jouer un rôle protecteur. Son invalidation (OPN-/-) aggrave les lésions hépatiques (inflammation, souffrance et nécrose hépatocytaire) induites par l’IR chez la souris. Ce rôle protecteur de l’OPN pourrait être dû à sa capacité à prévenir la mort hépatocytaire et à limiter la production toxique de NO dans les macrophages. L’ensemble de ces travaux a permis de mettre en évidence de nouveaux rôles de l'OPN dans les lésions induites par l'IR hépatique et pourrait constituer une cible thérapeutique pour les maladies chroniques du foie<br>Osteopontin (OPN) is a protein synthesized and secreted by many different types of cells. It plays an important part in the regulation of the inflammatory and immune response. OPN is also pro-fibrogenic, and has anti-apoptotic properties. The nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are the leading causes of liver disease in France. The range of these complications goes from steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Adipose tissue plays a significant part on the occurrence and evolution of the NAFLD. We show that OPN facilitates liver’s and adipose tissue’s inflammation in the NAFLD, by facilitating the intake of macrophages, dendritic cells and T cells, and by modulating the polarization of these immune cells. For alcoholic patients, we show that OPN is one of the predictive markers of liver fibrosis. The lesions induced by ischemia-reperfusion (IR) are the main cause of damages occurring during liver’s surgery. The role of OPN in hepatic injury induced by IR has not yet been investigated. My studies demonstrate that OPN could have a protecting role. OPN deficiency in mice (OPN-/-) increases hepatic lesions caused by IR (inflammation, and cell death). OPN could thus partially prevent hepatic injury and inflammation induced by IR. This could be due to its ability to prevent hepatocyte death and production of toxic NO by macrophages. OPN could thus be an important actor in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease
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Kragsterman, Björn. "Carotid artery stenosis : surgical aspects /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.bibl. [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6834.

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4

Nseir, Saadalla. "Prévention des microinhalations et de l'ischémie trachéale liées à l'intubation : rôle de la régulation continue de la pression du ballonnet." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00743346.

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La sonde d'intubation est le facteur de risque principal des microinhalations. Sa présence empêche la fermeture des cordes vocales, favorisant ainsi la progression des sécrétions oropharyngées vers les voies respiratoires inférieures. Le ballonnet de la sonde trachéale prévient en partie cette microinhalation, mais la présence de microsillons sur les ballonnets en polyvinyl chloride (PVC) et la souspression du ballonnet (<20 cmH2O) favorisent les microinhalations autour du ballonnet. Alors que lésions ischémiques trachéales sévères liées à l'intubation ne sont pas fréquentes, elles sont associées à une morbidité et une mortalité élevées. Leurs principaux facteurs de risque sont la surpression du ballonnet trachéal (>30 cmH2O) et la durée de l'intubation. Hypothèse Malgré les précautions habituelles consistant à réguler la Pbal 3 fois par jour avec un manomètre manuel, les souspressions et surpressions du ballonnet trachéal sont probablement fréquentes. Si tel est le cas la régulation continue de la Pbal avec un régulateur de pression pneumatique permettrait de prévenir les microinhalations et l'ischémie trachéale liées à l'intubation. 1.Déterminer l'incidence et les facteurs de risque de souspression et de surpression du ballonnet trachéal chez les patients de réanimation. 2.Déterminer l'impact du matériau et de la forme du ballonnet sur les variations de la Pbal. 3.Déterminer l'impact de la régulation continue de la Pbal sur la survenue de complications liées à l'intubation sur un modèle animal d'abord puis chez le patient de réanimation. Incidence et facteurs de risque Tout d'abord nous avons réalisé une étude prospective observationnelle sur une cohorte de 101 patients intubés et ventilés afin de déterminer l'incidence des souspressions et surpressions du ballonnet et de déterminer leurs facteurs de risque. La Pbal a été ajustée manuellement toutes les 8h. Les Pbal et pressions des voies aériennes ont été enregistrées en continu sur 8h. Seuls 18% des patients avaient une Pbal constamment normale (20-30 cmH2O). 54% des patients ont présenté des souspressions, 73% des surpressions. De plus, 33% des patients ont présenté une souspression ou une surpression >30 minutes. Les facteurs de risque indépendamment associés à la survenue de souspressions étaient la durée d'intubation (OR=1,1(ICà95 %)1-1,2, p=0,039) et l'absence de sédation (2,5(1-6), p<0,01). Nous n'avons pas pu identifier de facteurs de risques de surpressions. 2.Impact du matériau et de la forme du ballonnet Nous avons réalisé ensuite une autre étude prospective observationnelle afin de déterminer l'impact du polyuréthane (PU) et de la forme du ballonnet sur les variations de la Pbal. 76 patients intubés et ventilés (26 ballonnets en PVC, 22 ballonnets en PU de forme cylindrique [Cy] et 28 ballonnets en PU de forme conique [Co]) ont été inclus. La Pbal a été ajustée manuellement toutes les 8h. Les Pbal et pressions des voies aériennes ont été enregistrées en continu sur 24h. Aucune différence significative n'a été retrouvée entre les 3 groupes quant au pourcentage du temps passé avec une souspression du ballonnet (moy±SD 26±22, 28±12, 30±13% dans les groupes PVC, PUCy et PUCo; respectivement) ou au pourcentage du temps passé avec une surpression (med[25è-75è centiles] 7[2-14], 6[3-14], 11%[5-20]). 3.Impact de la régulation continue de la Pbal sur la survenue de complications *Etude animale Il s'agit d'une étude randomisée contrôlée portant sur 12 porcs intubés et ventilés pendant 48h. L'objectif principal était de déterminer l'impact de la régulation continue de la Pbal sur les lésions ischémiques trachéales.
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5

Zimmerman, Angela D. "Nursing interventions in the care of patients undergoing induced hypothermia." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/531.

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Use of induced hypothermia for the purpose of lowering intracranial pressure and preserving neuronal function has increased as research data reveals a trend of positive outcomes in patients treated with this therapy. Recently induced hypothermia following cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation has been deemed successful. Current research has expanded to evaluate the effectiveness of induced hypothermia as a treatment modality for severe stroke and head trauma. In spite of its efficacy, complications exist with this treatment modality. The purpose of this literature review is to examine potential complications secondary to induced hypothermia and highlight the nurse's role in managing patient care. At the present, patient protocols for induced hypothermia are lacking. The success of treatment is largely dependent on the skill of the healthcare team to prevent further harm and enhance therapeutic outcomes by providing astute assessment and management of complications in patients undergoing induced hypothermia. The desired outcome of this review is to promote integration of research in the development of evidence-based protocols for induced hypothermia.<br>B.S.N.<br>Bachelors<br>Nursing<br>Nursing
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6

Judas, Gustavo Ieno. "Efeito da injeção intratecal de células tronco do cordão umbilical humano na lesão isquêmica da medula espinhal em ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-04022014-120855/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: A isquemia da medula espinhal continua sendo uma importante complicação nas cirurgias das doenças da aorta descendente torácica e toracoabdominal. OBJETIVOS: Células-tronco são capazes de promover a regeneração do tecido nervoso. Células-tronco derivadas do cordão umbilical humano (CTCUH) são fortes candidatas para uso nas lesões da medula espinhal devido à sua baixa imunogenicidade e pronta disponibilidade. O estudo avaliou os efeitos da administração de CTCUH na lesão isquêmica da medula espinhal em ratos. MÉTODOS: Quarenta ratos Wistar receberam injeção intratecal de 10 uL de solução de HemoHes (6 %) e albumina humana (20 %) contendo 1x104 CTCUH, 30 minutos antes (grupo Tcpré; n=10) e 30 minutos após (grupo Tcpós n=10) oclusão da aorta torácica descendente através de um balão intraluminal por 12 minutos. Os grupos controle receberam apenas a solução de Hemohes (6 %) e albumina humana (20 %) (grupo Cpré; n=10 e grupo Cpós; n=10). O período observacional, para avaliação da função motora dos animais, foi de 28 dias. Cortes de três segmentos tóraco-lombares da medula espinhal foram submetidos à análise histológica e imunohistoquímica para detecção de apoptose (TUNEL) e quantificação de células-tronco humanas hematopoiéticas CD45 +. RESULTADOS: Todos os grupos mostraram incidência semelhante de paraplegia e mortalidade. A média de pontuação da função motora não mostrou diferença durante o período observacional nos grupos, com exceção do grupo Tcpós o qual melhorou de 8,14 ± 8,6 para 14,28 ± 9,8 (p < 0,01). Número de neurônios viáveis foi maior no grupo Tcpós (p=0,14) e a média de apoptose foi mais baixa nesse mesmo grupo (p=0,048), porém sem diferença estatística significativa em relação ao controle. Foi confirmada a presença de células CD45 + quatro semanas após a injeção intratecal em ambos os grupos terapêuticos, principalmente, no grupo Tcpós. CONCLUSÕES: A injeção intratecal de CTCUH é factível e melhora a função motora da medula espinhal em um modelo de oclusão endovascular da aorta torácica descendente<br>BACKGROUND: Spinal cord ischemia remains a complication after surgical repair of descending and thoracoabdominal aortic diseases. OBJECTIVES: Stem cells have the potential to induce nervous tissue regeneration processes. Human stem cells derived from the umbilical cord are one of strong candidates used in cell therapy for spinal cord injury due to weak immunogenicity and ready availability. We sought to evaluate the use of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells (HUCBSC) attenuates the neurologic effects of spinal cord ischemia. METHODS: Fourty Wistar rats received intrathecally injection of 10 uL Hemohes (6 %) and human albumin (20 %) solution contained 1x104HUCBSC, 30 minutes before (Tcpré group; n=10) and 30 minutes after (Tcpós group; n=10) descending thoracic aortic occlusion by intraluminal balloon during 12 minutes. Control groups received only PBS solution (Cpré group; n=10 and Cpós group; n=10). During a 28-day observational period, animals motor function was assessed. Three segments of thoraco-lombar spinal cord specimens were analyzed for histologic and immunohistochemical assessment for detection and quantification of human hematopoietic cells CD45+ and apoptosis (TUNEL). RESULTS: All groups showed similar incidence of paraplegia and mortality. The mean motor function scores showed no difference during time, excepting for Tpos group which improved from 8.14(8.6) to 14.28(9.8)(p < 0,01). Number of viable neurons was higher in Tcpós group (p = 0.14) and apoptosis average was lower in the same animals (p = 0.048), but showed no difference with its respective control. We confirmed the presence of CD45+ cells four weeks after intrathecal injection in both therapeutic groups but mainly in Tpos group. CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecal transplantation of HUCBSC is feasible and improved spinal cord function in a model of endovascular descending aortic occlusion
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7

Cavalcante, Leonardo Pessoa. "Efeito da administração aguda de 17beta-estradiol ou de progesterona em modelo de isquemia-reperfusão medular em ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-06022017-103854/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: A lesão medular isquêmica continua sendo uma complicação devastadora das intervenções cirúrgicas na aorta torácica descendente e aorta toracoabdominal. Relatos das diferenças de desfechos clínicos neurológicos entre os gêneros após lesões cerebrais isquêmicas e traumáticas têm levantado o interesse nas influências hormonais, bem como gerado outros estudos buscando a comprovação dos efeitos neuroprotetores do estradiol e da progesterona. Nossa hipótese foi a de que a administração aguda de 17beta-estradiol ou de progesterona seria capaz de prevenir ou atenuar a lesão medular isquêmica causada pela oclusão transitória da aorta torácica descendente proximal. OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos na medula espinhal da administração aguda de 17?-estradiol ou de progesterona em modelo experimental de isquemia-reperfusão medular por oclusão transitória da aorta torácica descente proximal de ratos machos. MÉTODOS: Ratos machos, da linhagem wistar, foram divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos para a administração de 280ug/Kg de 17beta-estradiol (n=12) ou de 4mg/Kg de progesterona (n=8) ou do veículo de infusão (grupo controle) (n=12), 30 minutos antes da oclusão transitória da aorta torácica descendente por 12 minutos. A confirmação da oclusão efetiva aórtica deu-se por meio da monitorização contínua da pressão arterial média distal com o uso de cateter colocado na artéria caudal dos animais (mantida em 10mmHg). A oclusão da aorta torácica descendente deu-se por meio do posicionamento de um cateter de Fogarty no. 2, passado no sentido caudal, via dissecção da artéria carótida comum esquerda do animal. A função locomotora dos animais foi avaliada no 1o, 3o, 5o, 7o, e 14o dia pós-operatório. No 14o dia pós-operatório, os animais, após anestesia profunda, foram sacrificados e tiveram suas medulas espinhais retiradas para análise histológica e imunohistoquímica. RESULTADOS: Houve comprometimento significativo da função locomotora inicialmente nos 3 grupos de estudo, com recuperação parcial da mesma ao longo do período de observação, não havendo diferença entre os grupos durante o período de observação. A análise histológica da substância cinzenta evidenciou escassos neurônios viáveis e importante vacuolização celular nos 3 grupos de estudo no 14o dia. A análise imunohistoquímica da substância cinzenta medular com anticorpos anti-Bcl2 e anti-anexina V foi similar nos 3 grupos. Houve marcação positiva de necrose celular com o iodeto de propídio, sendo a mesma semelhante nos 3 grupos estudados. CONCLUSÃO: A administração aguda de estradiol ou de progesterona, 30 minutos antes da oclusão transitória da aorta descendente proximal de ratos machos não foi capaz de prevenir ou atenuar a lesão medular isquêmica, até o 14o dia de observação, do ponto vista funcional ou histológico<br>BACKGROUND: Spinal cord ischemic injury remains a dreadful complication following thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic interventions. Reports on gender-related neurological outcomes after ischemic and traumatic brain injuries have raised interest in hormonal influences, and have generated studies into neuroprotective effects of estrogen and progesterone. We hypothesized that the acute pre-operative administration of estradiol or of progesterone would prevent or attenuate spinal cord ischemic injury induced by transitory occlusion of the proximal descending thoracic aorta. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the spinal cord effects of the acute administration of 17beta-estradiol or of progesterone in a spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion model. METHODS: Male rats were divided to receive 280ug/Kg of 17beta-estradiol (n=12) or 4mg/Kg of progesterone (n=8) or vehicle (control group) (n=12) 30 minutes before transitory occlusion of the proximal descending thoracic aorta, mean distal arterial blood pressure was maintained at 10mmHg during 12 minutes. Hind limb motor function was assessed at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days after reperfusion. At the 14th day, a segment of the thoracolumbar spinal cord was harvested and prepared to histological and imunohistochemical analyses. RESULTS: There was an important hind limb motor function impairment initially in the 3 study groups, with partial improvement along time, but no difference was detected between groups during de observational period. Gray matter analysis showed scarce viable neurons and a marked cellular vacuolation in all three groups, but the number of viable neurons per section areas was not different between study groups at day 14th. Immunostaining of the spinal cord gray matter with antibodies anti-Bcl2 and anti-annexin V was similar among the 3 study groups. There was positive staining for the necrotic marker propidium iodide, with all groups presenting a similar staining pattern. CONCLUSION: We found that a single-dose administration of estradiol or of progesterone, 30 minutes before transitory occlusion of the proximal descending thoracic aorta of male rats, was not able to prevent spinal cord ischemic injury through analysis of functional and histological outcomes at 14 days of observation
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8

Surugue, Georges Auguste Bourreli Bernard. "Complications ischémiques myocardiques après administration de sulprostone dans les hémorragies du post-partum." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=45656.

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9

Pundik, Svetlana. "EFFECT OF OLDER AGE ON THE RISK OF HEMORRHAGIC COMPLICATIONS AFTER INTRAVENOUS AND/OR INTRA-ARTERIAL THROMBOLYSIS FOR ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1207236995.

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Grigis, de Lagoutine Irène. "Les ischémies aiguës graves dans l'association endocardite infectieuse et thrombocytémie essentielle : à propos d'un cas." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M166.

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Seze, Mathieu de. "Pronostic des paraplégies par ischémie médullaire : à propos d'une série de 23 cas." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23026.

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Lurton, Dominique. "Mécanismes de la mort neuronale lors de l'ischémie cérébrale/substances neuroprotectrices : recueil de données bibliographiques." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR23047.

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Hugues, Marie-Laure. "Mise au point d'une solution de réperfusion rénale controlée." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P187.

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14

Dravasa, Jean-Miguel. "Les paraplégies secondaires à la chirurgie de l'aorte sous-rénale : une complication méconnue : à propos d'une observation : revue de la littérature." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25104.

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Kossorotoff, Manoëlle. "Approche physiopathologique et recherche de biomarqueurs associés aux complications neurovasculaires chez l'enfant drépanocytaire." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05P624/document.

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L'atteinte vasculaire cérébrale est une complication grave et fréquente chez les enfants drépanocytaires, car elle impacte leur pronostic, en termes de morbidité (handicap) et de mortalité. L’accélération des vitesses mesurées par le doppler transcrânien (DTC) est prédictive du risque d'infarctus cérébral et implique une modification de la prise en charge thérapeutique. Chez l’enfant drépanocytaire, l'infarctus cérébral est d'origine multifactorielle, lié à la vasculopathie cérébrale sténotique ainsi qu'à une hypercoagulabilité et une activation cellulaire. Nous avons étudié de manière prospective l'association de marqueurs biologiques au DTC chez 108 enfants porteurs de syndrome drépanocytaire majeur et recherché des éléments prédictifs d'événement vasculaire périphérique ou cérébral. Nous avons ainsi réalisé une analyse approfondie de la fonction endothéliale, de l’activation de l’hémostase primaire et de la coagulation, de l'activation cellulaire et de la mécanique artérielle. L’atteinte vasculaire cérébrale a été estimée en considérant les données du DTC comme une variable continue plutôt que catégorielle. Le principal résultat est le rôle prédictif du nombre des cellules souches hématopoïétiques CD34+ pour la survenue d'événements cliniques vasculaires. Nous avons également mis en évidence un profil particulier de coagulation chez les enfants drépanocytaires présentant des céphalées récurrentes ou des accès migraineux. Ceci supporte l'hypothèse que les céphalées chez l'enfant drépanocytaire, et notamment celles répondant aux critères de la migraine, peuvent être le reflet d'événements ischémiques cérébraux ultra-transitoires. Elles représentent donc peut-être un indicateur indirect de risque ischémique cérébral. Nous avons par ailleurs montré que le risque hémorragique cérébral chez les enfants drépanocytaires restait proportionnellement stable par rapport au risque ischémique, malgré l'utilisation en routine de stratégies de prévention du risque ischémique. L'observation de lésions sténotiques et d'anévrismes permet de supposer que ces atteintes vasculaires cérébrales procèdent de mécanismes physiopathologiques communs. L'amélioration de la compréhension des mécanismes physiopathologiques des complications neurovasculaires et la mise en évidence de facteurs prédictifs d'événements cliniques est un pas supplémentaire vers l'amélioration de la sensibilité diagnostique de la vasculopathie cérébrale drépanocytaire, de la compréhension des mécanismes des accidents vasculaires cérébraux de ces enfants et probablement de leur pronostic neurologique en permettant une prise en charge thérapeutique adaptée plus précoce<br>Cerbrovascular involvement is frequent in children with sickle-cell disease (SCD). It is severe in terms of morbidity (handicap) and mortality. Accelerated intracranial arterial blood flow velocity measured by transcranial doppler (TCD) is predictive for stroke occurrence and leads to therapeutic modifications. In SCD children, ischemic stroke results from stenotic cerebral vasculopathy associated with hypercoagulability, and cell activation. We prospectively addressed associations between biological markers and TCD velocity in 108 children with sickle-cell anemia (HbSS or HbSβ°) and looked for predictive factors for vascular peripheral or cerebral events. We performed extensive work-up of endothelial function, coagulation activation, cell activation, and arterial wall mechanics. Cerebral vasculopathy was defined using TCD velocity (continuous data) rather than the classical category classification. The main result is the demonstration of the role of hematopoietic stem cell CD34+ for the prediction of clinical vascular event occurrence. We also demonstrated an imbalanced coagulation profile in SCD children with recurrent cephalalgia or migraine. This finding supports the hypothesis that recurrent cephalalgia, especially migraine, could be a symptom of ultra-transient ischemic cerebrovascular events in SCD children. Therefore, this symptom may also indicate increased cerebrovascular ischemic risk. We demonstrated that the ratio cerebral hemorrhagic risk / cerebral ischemic risk in SCD children remains stable, despite the routine use of strategies aiming at reducing ischemic stroke risk. The concurrent observation of intracranial arterial stenotic lesions and aneurysm suggests common pathophyiological mechanisms. Improving pathophysiological understanding of cerebrovascular complications and demonstrating predictive risk factors for clinical events may help clinicians to improve early diagnosis of SCD-associated cerebral vasculopathy, to better understand stroke mechanism in this population, and probably to improve neurological outcome with earlier and more adapted management
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Kennedy, David J. "Cardiovascular complications of ischemic renal disease : the effect of renal dysfunction on cardiac disease and the central role of cardiotonic steroids in the pathogenesis of uremic cardiomyopathy." Connect to full-text via OhioLINK ETD Center, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=mco1145302915.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Medical University of Ohio, 2005.<br>"In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Sciences." Major advisor: Joseph I. Shapiro. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: v, 265 p. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: pages 52-59,94-100,129-134,171-176,200-263.
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Kennedy, David Joseph. "Cardiovascular Complications of Ischemic Renal Disease: The Effect of Renal Dysfunction on Cardiac Disease and the Central Role of Cardiotonic Steroids in the Pathogenesis of Uremic Cardiomyopathy." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1145302915.

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Gencel, Laurent. "Exploration rythmique des accidents vasculaires cérébraux inexpliqués." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR23092.

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Leducq, Nathalie. "Mitochondries et transplantation hépatique : détection des dysfonctions par l'analyse top-down et la RMN du P31." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR28738.

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Desjuzeur, Marie-Laetitia. "Application de la résonance paramagnétique électronique à la mesure du potentiel antiradicalaire de liquides de conservation et de reperfusion d'organes." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05P007.

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Garraud, Marie. "Étude de la toxicité vasculaire de l’activateur tissulaire du plasminogène recombinant (rt-PA) après une ischémie cérébrale." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05P618/document.

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Le seul traitement actuellement disponible pour les accidents vasculaires cérébraux d’origine ischémique est la thrombolyse par l’activateur tissulaire du plasminogène recombinant (rt-PA). Cependant, l’efficacité du rt-PA est souvent partielle ou absente, et des phénomènes de réocclusion du vaisseau peuvent être observés. Par ailleurs, l’administration de rt-PA est associée à un risque hémorragique. Il apparaît donc indispensable de rechercher les mécanismes à l’origine de la toxicité vasculaire du rt-PA, afin de pouvoir développer des stratégies capables de protéger le lit vasculaire. Parmi ces stratégies, notre équipe a montré dans des modèles expérimentaux que l’inhibition d’une enzyme nucléaire, la poly(ADP-ribose) polymérase ou PARP, permet de protéger la barrière hémato-encéphalique, de réduire les hémorragies et d’améliorer la reperfusion cérébrale suite à l’administration post-ischémique de rt-PA. Dans ce contexte, mon travail a consisté à étudier les mécanismes impliqués dans les altérations vasculaires associées à l’administration de rt-PA à la suite de l’ischémie. Mes travaux de recherche ont comporté un volet in vivo et un volet in vitro. Les études réalisées in vivo ont été menées dans un modèle murin d’ischémie cérébrale thrombo-embolique. Nos résultats indiquent que ni l’ischémie, ni le rt-PA, ni l’association au rt-PA d’un puissant inhibiteur de PARP, le PJ34, ne modifient à 24 heures la présence de dépôts de fibrine, marqueur d’hypoperfusion et de réocclusion. Nous nous sommes ensuite intéressés à deux marqueurs endothéliaux d’inflammation : VCAM-1 et ICAM-1, et avons montré que leur expression, qui augmente 24 heures après l’ischémie, n’est pas modifiée par le rt-PA. Enfin, l’association du PJ34 au rt-PA réduit significativement l’expression post-ischémique de VCAM-1, ce qui suggère le rôle de la PARP dans l’expression de cette molécule d’adhésion. La seconde partie de mon travail a été réalisée in vitro sur une lignée de cellules endothéliales cérébrales murines (bEnd.3). Le rt-PA est à l’origine de changements caractéristiques au niveau de l’organisation et de la morphologie de ces cellules. Ces changements ne sont pourtant associés ni à une dégradation de l’expression des molécules de jonctions inter-endothéliales (occludine, VE-cadhérine), ni à une augmentation de l’expression des marqueurs endothéliaux pro-inflammatoires (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). Nous nous sommes également intéressés à d’autres marqueurs de dysfonction endothéliale, les microparticules endothéliales (MPE). Nos résultats montrent que le rt-PA est à l’origine d’une augmentation importante de la libération des MPE. L’utilisation d’un inhibiteur de la protéine p38, le SB203580, et d’un inhibiteur de PARP, le PJ34, permet de réduire cette augmentation, ce qui suggère que p38 et la PARP pourraient être impliquées dans la production de MPE induite par le rt-PA. En conclusion, l’ensemble de ce travail contribue à préciser les effets vasculaires du rt-PA. Parmi ces effets, la mise en évidence de la production de MPE, via la PARP, est particulièrement novatrice<br>Thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is currently the only approved pharmacological strategy for acute ischemic stroke. However, the efficacy of rt-PA is rarely complete, and arterial reocclusion can be observed. Furthermore, administration of rt-PA increases the risk of hemorrhagic transformations. Therefore, it is essential to seek mechanisms underlying the vascular toxicity of rt-PA in order to develop strategies protecting the vascular bed. Among these strategies, our laboratory has previously shown that inhibition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a nuclear enzyme, protects the blood-brain barrier, reduces hemorrhagic transformations and improves cerebral reperfusion following the post-ischemic administration of rt-PA. In this context, the aim of the present work was to establish the post-ischemic mechanisms of rt-PA-induced vascular alterations. The research was divided into (1) in vivo experiments and (2) in vitro studies to examine the effect of rt-PA on the endothelium. The in vivo studies were performed in a mouse model of thrombo-embolic stroke induced by thrombin injection in the middle cerebral artery. Our results showed that neither ischemia, nor rt-PA, nor the association to rt-PA of the potent inhibitor of PARP PJ34 alter cerebral fibrin deposits, a marker of hypoperfusion and reocclusion, at 24 hours after ischemia. We then evaluated the expression of two endothelial markers of inflammation : VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1). Our results showed that their expressions increase 24 hours after ischemia and are not modified by rt-PA. Finally, the association of PJ34 to rt-PA significantly reduced the post-ischemic expression of VCAM-1, suggesting a role for PARP in the expression of this adhesion molecule. The second part of my work was carried out in vitro in cultures of mouse brain-derived endothelial cells bEnd.3. In the presence of rt-PA, the organization and the morphology of the endothelial cells radically changed. However, these changes were associated neither to a degradation of endothelial junction proteins (occludin, VE-cadherin (vascular endothelial-cadherin)), nor to an increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory endothelial markers (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). We were also interested in a recently identified marker of endothelial dysfunction : endothelial microparticles (EMP). Our results showed that rt-PA induces a significant increase in the EMP released by bEnd.3 cells. The use of a p38 inhibitor, SB203580, and the PARP inhibitor, PJ34, reduced this increase, suggesting that p38 and PARP could be involved in the EMP production induced by rt-PA. In conclusion, this work helps to clarify the vascular effects of rt-PA. Among these effects, the highlight of EMP production, through PARP pathway, is particularly original
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22

Guiraud, Vincent. "Évènements de vie : rôle dans la survenue d’un infarctus cérébral et d’une dépression post-AVC." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05S007/document.

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Méthodes et principaux résultats. Dans une revue systématique des études sur les facteurs déclenchants des infarctus cérébraux, nous n’avons identifié qu’une seule étude, négative, consacrée aux événements de vie. Nous avons montré, dans une étude prospective portant sur 247 patients admis pour un infarctus cérébral, qu’une exposition à au moins 1 évènement de vie était plus fréquente dans le mois précédant l’infarctus cérébral que dans les 5 périodes témoins (OR=2,96 ; IC à 95% 2,19-4,00). L’exposition à des évènements de vie était aussi un facteur prédictif des dépressions survenant dans les 6 mois suivant un infarctus cérébral. Les autres facteurs prédictifs de dépression post-AVC étaient un score de Rankin &gt; 2, un antécédent de dépression, une lésion caudée et/ou lenticulaire gauche, le sexe féminin et des pleurs pathologiques. Conclusion et perspectives. Ce travail de thèse apporte des arguments en faveur d’un rôle des évènements de vie d’une part, dans la survenue à court terme d’un infarctus cérébral, d’autre part dans la survenue d’une dépression dans les 6 mois suivant un AVC. Il souligne aussi les difficultés spécifiques de l’étude des événements de vie concernant leur définition, l’évaluation de leur sévérité, les biais de rappel et la définition de la période à risque. Nos résultats doivent être confirmés et précisés avant d’évaluer le bénéfice d’une stratégie préventive<br>Methods and main results. In our systematic review of potential triggers of ischemic stroke, the only study that examined stressful life events didn’t show any association with stroke onset. In a prospective study of 247 consecutive patients admitted for ischemic stroke, exposure to at least one stressful life event was significantly more common during the first month preceding stroke onset than during the five control periods (OR=2.96 ; 95% CI 2.19-4.00). Stressful life events exposure also predicted depression occurring within six months after ischemic stroke onset. The other predictors of post-stroke depression were a modified Rankin score &gt; 2, a prior history of depression, a left caudate and/or lenticular lesion, the female sex and pathologic crying.Conclusion and perspectives. Our results support the role of stressful life events as triggers of ischemic stroke and predictors of post-stroke depression. Our research also highlights the difficulty of studying stressful life events, due to potential influence of memory biases and lack of precise definitions of stressful life events, severe vs. minor events and hazard period durations. These preliminary results should be confirmed in order to assess benefits of preventive strategies
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Ding, Chaonan. "Cellular and molecular mechanisms of enhanced neuronal damage in hyperglycemic ischemia." Thesis, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=913525281&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1235528838&clientId=23440.

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24

McMurtray, Aaron. "Small vessel vascular disease in HIV infection." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20430.

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25

"Large artery occlusive disease in ischemic stroke: clinical and angiographic characterization." 2012. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549535.

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大动脉闭塞性疾病是脑卒中常见病因,包括颅内外狭窄性血管病变。本研究旨在分析卒中患者颅内外大动脉狭窄斑块的血管造影特征以及相关治疗方案。进一步了解颅内斑块的形态学变化,以及颅外大动脉狭窄的血管造影特征和侧枝循环状态,对于研究其发病机制及临床治疗有指导意义。<br>研究目的<br>研究1:通过前瞻性纵向研究,利用三维旋转血管造影(3D-RA),探讨颅内斑块形态学变化。<br>研究2:通过病例对照研究分析症状性放射性闭塞性血管病变(ORV)的血管造影特征及侧枝循环状态。<br>研究3:通过病例对照研究分析放射性血管病变(RIV)患者进行颈动脉支架治疗(CAS)后血管造影特征及临床预后。<br>研究方法<br>研究1:24例颅内重度狭窄(>70%)的急性缺血性卒中患者,严格控制其危险因素,应用3D-RA研究其发病时及12个月后颅内斑块的形态学变化。<br>研究2:分析96例ORV以及115例非放疗所致严重颈动脉狭窄(>70%)的缺血性卒中患者血管造影特点,比较其病变分布,形态学改变及侧枝循环状态。<br>研究3:比较63例ORV以及87例动脉粥样硬化性颈动脉狭窄的卒中患者的血管造影及预后。主要终点事件包括短暂性脑缺血发作,卒中和死亡。次要终点事件为24个月时支架内再狭窄。<br>结果<br>研究1:颅内动脉粥样硬化性斑块的厚长比不能预测其稳定性。12个月的血管造影提示:13例(50%)斑块逆转;10例(38.5%)斑块无明显变化;3例(11.5%)斑块进展。<br>研究2:ORV更多累及颈总动脉,多见双侧颈动脉受累(54% vs 22%)或出现闭塞(30% vs 9%),常见椎动脉受累(28% vs 14%)(均P<0.05)。ORV常见代偿性软脑膜动脉、前后交通动脉开放,及逆向眼动脉血流。<br>研究3:两组间围手术期并发症,长期生存率和卒中复发率无统计学差异。<br>结论<br>研究1:3D-RA可评价颅内斑块形态学变化;颅内光滑斑块亦可为易损斑块。严格控制危险因素可能逆转斑块。<br>研究2: ORV患者更多见颈动脉及椎基底动脉狭窄-闭塞性病变,并伴随侧枝循环开放。侧枝循环代偿功能减退可能诱导ORV患者发生卒中。<br>研究3:RIV患者与对照组相比,CAS的耐受性和临床预后无明显差异。<br>Large artery occlusive disease, encompassing stenosis in intracranial and extracranial vasculature, is the most common stroke subtype worldwide. In this thesis, we aimed to investigate angiographic plaque morphology and treatments in stroke patients attributed to intracranial and/or extracranial stenosis. A better understanding of intracranial plaque morphology, angiographic characteristics and collateral circulations of extracranial occlusive vasculopathy may help clarify pathogenesis and formulate treatment.<br>Objectives<br>Study 1: In this prospective longitudinal study, we investigated the intracranial plaque morphology of acute stroke patients by three-dimensional rotational angiography (3D-RA).<br>Study 2: We aimed to delineate the angiographic attributes and collateral circulations in symptomatic occlusive radiation vasculopathy (ORV) patients by a case-controlled study.<br>Study 3: We investigated the angiographic and clinical outcome of carotid artery stenting (CAS) in stroke patients attributed to ORV.<br>Methods<br>Study 1: Twenty-four patients with acute strokes attributed to a >70% intracranial stenosis were recruited to undergo 3D-RA at baseline and in 12 months after an intensive control of atherosclerotic risks. We described the degree of stenosis and morphology that might be associated with plaque vulnerability.<br>Study 2: We performed digital subtraction angiograms (DSA) in 96 patients who had first-ever ischemic strokes attributed to ORV, and 115 referent patients who had no radiotherapy (RT) but symptomatic high-grade (>70%) atherosclerotic carotid stenoses. We compared the lesions’ distribution, morphology, and the resultant alteration of collateral flows in both patient groups.<br>Study 3: We compared the angiographic and clinical outcome of CAS in 63 symtomatic ORV patients and 87 patients with spontaneous atheromatous carotid stenoses. Primary end-points were transient ischemic attack, stroke and death of all causes. Secondary end-point was instent restenosis in 24 months.<br>Results<br>Study 1: Inracranial atherosclerotic plaque is a dynamic lesion.Thickness-to-length ratio may not indicate plaque vulnerability. In 12-month angiogram, 13 patients (50%) had plaque regression, 10 (38.5%) had static plaque, and 3 (11.5%) had plaque progression.<br>Study 2: Compared with spontaneous atheromatous carotid disease, ORV lesions diffusely involved common carotid artery, and were more frequently bilateral (54% vs 22%), associated with complete occlusion in one or both carotid arteries (30% vs 9%), vertebral artery steno-occlusions (27% vs 14%) (all p<0.05). ORV patients showed more established collateral circulations through leptomeningeal arteries, anterior communicating artery, posterior communicating artery and retrograde flow in ophthalmic artery.<br>Study 3: We found no significant differences in the frequency of periprocedural complications, the rates of patient survival and stroke recurrence between ORV and control groups.<br>Conclusions<br>Study 1: Evaluation of intracranial plaque morphology is feasible with 3D-RA. Smooth plaques might also be vulnerable in intracranial vasculature. Intensive risk factor control may halt progression of intracranial plaques.<br>Study 2: ORV patients had more steno-occlusions over carotid and vertebral arteries amid mature collateral circulations at initial stroke presentation. Decompensation of collateral flows may precipitate stroke in ORV.<br>Study 3: The durability and clinical outcome of CAS in ORV patients were comparable to those in patients with spontaneous atherosclerotic carotid stenosis.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Zou, Xinying.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-119).<br>Abstract also in Chinese.<br>ABSTRACT --- p.i<br>摘要 --- p.vi<br>DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY --- p.ix<br>ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.x<br>PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS --- p.xii<br>LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.xiv<br>LIST OF TABLES --- p.xvii<br>LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xviii<br>TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.xx<br>Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- An overview of large artery occlusive disease in ischemic stroke --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.2 --- Vulnerable plaque and plaque morphology in ischemic stroke --- p.3<br>Chapter 1.2.1 --- Definition of vulnerable plaque and plaque morphology --- p.4<br>Chapter 1.2.2 --- Imaging of vulnerable plaques --- p.5<br>Chapter 1.2.3 --- Factors affecting plaque stability or arterial luminal narrowing --- p.7<br>Chapter 1.2.3.1 --- Stenosis severity --- p.7<br>Chapter 1.2.3.2 --- Thickness and length of plaque --- p.8<br>Chapter 1.2.3.3 --- Mechanical stress, shear stress and hemodynamics on plaque stability --- p.9<br>Chapter 1.2.3.4 --- Plaque eccentricity --- p.10<br>Chapter 1.2.3.5 --- Plaque surface morphology --- p.11<br>Chapter 1.2.4 --- Morphological characteristics of symptomatic plaque --- p.11<br>Chapter 1.2.4.1 --- Carotid plaque morphology --- p.11<br>Chapter 1.2.4.2 --- Intracranial plaque morphology --- p.12<br>Chapter 1.2.5 --- Treatment of vulnerable intracranial stenosis --- p.12<br>Chapter 1.3 --- Occlusive radiation vasculopathy (ORV) --- p.13<br>Chapter 1.3.1 --- Epidemiology of ORV --- p.13<br>Chapter 1.3.2 --- Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of ORV --- p.14<br>Chapter 1.3.3 --- Imaging and angiographic characteristics of ORV --- p.16<br>Chapter 1.3.4 --- Collateralization in ORV --- p.18<br>Chapter 1.3.5 --- Angioplasty and stenting for ORV --- p.19<br>Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- OBJECTIVES --- p.22<br>Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- RECRUITMENT OF STUDY PARTICIPANTS --- p.24<br>Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- REGRESSION OF SYMPTOMATIC INTRACRANIAL PLAQUE BY INTENSIVE RISK FACTOR CONTROL: A LONGITUDIANL STUDY ON PLAQUE MORPHOLOGY BY 3D-ROTATIONAL ANGIOGRAPHY --- p.28<br>Chapter 4.1. --- Background and objectives --- p.28<br>Chapter 4.2 --- Methods --- p.32<br>Chapter 4.2.1 --- Participants --- p.32<br>Chapter 4.2.2 --- Risk factors and intensive control --- p.33<br>Chapter 4.2.3 --- Evaluation of intracranial stenosis --- p.33<br>Chapter 4.2.3.1 --- DSA and 3D-RA protocol --- p.33<br>Chapter 4.2.3.2 --- Severity of stenosis --- p.34<br>Chapter 4.2.3.3 --- Analysis of morphological characteristics on 3D-RA --- p.34<br>Chapter 4.2.3.4 --- Plaque regression --- p.35<br>Chapter 4.2.4 --- Statistical analysis --- p.36<br>Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.36<br>Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.54<br>Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- ANGIOGRAPHY DISTINCTIONS AND COLLATERALIZATION IN SYMPTOMATIC CRANIO-CERVICAL OCCLUSIVE RADIATION VASCULOPATHY: A CASE-REFERENT STUDY --- p.58<br>Chapter 5.1 --- Background and objectives --- p.58<br>Chapter 5.2 --- Methods --- p.59<br>Chapter 5.2.1 --- ORV and referent patients --- p.60<br>Chapter 5.2.2 --- Evaluation of vascular lesions and collateral status --- p.61<br>Chapter 5.2.3 --- Statistical analysis --- p.64<br>Chapter 5.3 --- Results --- p.64<br>Chapter 5.4 --- Discussion --- p.81<br>Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- SAFETY AND CLINICAL OUTCOME OF CAROTID ARTERY STENTING IN STROKE PATIENTS WITH OCCLUSIVE RADIATION VASCULOPATHY --- p.86<br>Chapter 6.1. --- Background and objectives --- p.86<br>Chapter 6.2 --- Methods --- p.87<br>Chapter 6.2.1 --- Participants --- p.87<br>Chapter 6.2.2 --- Baseline clinical assessment --- p.87<br>Chapter 6.2.3 --- Carotid artery stenting (CAS) --- p.88<br>Chapter 6.2.4 --- Follow-up and end-points --- p.89<br>Chapter 6.2.5 --- Statistical analysis --- p.89<br>Chapter 6.3. --- Results --- p.90<br>Chapter 6.4. --- Discussion --- p.96<br>Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.98<br>REFERENCES --- p.101
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26

Tinoco, Catarina Sousa Laranjo. "Anesthetic management of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke: influences on outcome and complications." Dissertação, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/104444.

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27

Tinoco, Catarina Sousa Laranjo. "Anesthetic management of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke: influences on outcome and complications." Master's thesis, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/104444.

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28

Bouchard, Denis. "Amélioration des résultats cliniques en chirurgie cardiaque." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10521.

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Des éléments contributifs à plusieurs facettes de la chirurgie cardiaque ont été étudiés dans la présente thèse. Le premier manuscrit adresse la problématique de l’accident cérébro-vasculaire (ACV) post-opératoire. Nous avons analysé de façon rétrospective la médication prise en pré-opératoire de 6813 patients nécessitant une chirurgie de revascularisation coronarienne. Le but étant d’établir si la présence d’une médication précise (aspirine, inhibiteur de l’enzyme de conversion de l’angiotensine, statine, bêta-bloqueur) peut agir en pré-opératoire pour diminuer le risque d’ACV. En analyse multivariée, la combinaison de la prise de bêta-bloqueurs avec une statine a produit un ratio de cote de 0,37, suggérant un effet protecteur très important. Dans le deuxième manuscrit, je présente une étude ciblant les patients avec insuffisance mitrale ischémique modérée. Trente et un patients furent randomisés entre un traitement par pontages seuls vs pontages et annuloplastie mitrale restrictive. L’insuffisance mitrale a disparu en post-opératoire immédiat en présence de l’annuloplastie alors qu’aucun effet immédiat de la revascularisation coronarienne n’était noté sur l’insuffisance mitrale. Un an suivant la chirurgie, une insuffisance mitrale légère est réapparue chez le groupe ayant subi l’annuloplastie alors que les patients du groupe pontages seuls ont remodelé leur ventricule gauche et diminué l’importance de leur insuffisance mitrale au même niveau que le groupe annuloplastie. Aucun des marqueurs d’évolution clinique, tant au niveau symptomatique qu’au niveau de la survie ne diffère entre les groupes. La troisième étude est un suivi sur 20 ans des patients ayant eu des remplacements valvulaires mitraux ou aortiques avec une prothèse mécanique Carbomedics. Cette étude démontre une excellente survie avec un taux de complications valvulaires hémorragiques, thrombotiques, thrombo-emboliques, et d’endocardite favorable comparé aux autres types de prothèse et une absence de bris mécanique.<br>Many aspects of heart surgery have been carefully studied in the present thesis. The first manuscript touches the important problematic of post-operative stroke. We have analysed in a retrospective fashion the prescription drugs taken pre-operatively in 6,813 patients requiring coronary artery bypass surgery. The aim was to analyse the effect of taking any of the following medications pre-operatively on the risk of post-operative stroke: aspirin, agiotension converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, statins, beta-blockers. The combination of taking a beta-blocker and a statin yielded an odd ratio of 0.37 in multivariable analysis, suggesting a strong protective effect. In the second manuscript, I present a study addressing the problematic of moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation. We randomized 31 patients to be treated either by coronary bypass grafts alone or by a combination of coronary bypass grafting and restrictive mitral annuloplasty. Mitral valve regurgitation disappeared immediately following surgery in the annuloplasty group while no impact of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) alone was noted on mitral insufficiency at the same time point. After one year of follow-up, mild mitral insufficiency was noted to recur in the annuloplasty group while the patients from the CABG alone group remodelled their left ventricle and secondarily decreased their mitral insufficiency grade to the same level as the annuloplasty group. None of the different measurements of clinical evolution differed between the groups at one year. The third study is a 20-year follow-up of patients who had an isolated valvular replacement on the aortic or mitral position with the Carbomedics mechanical prosthesis. This study shows an excellent survival rate with low complications of hemorrhage, thrombosis, thrombo-embolism, reoperation and endocarditis. Noteworthy, a complete absence of structural failure at 20 years.
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