Academic literature on the topic 'Isidore of Seville'

St. Isidore of Seville (d. 636) and Pope Gregory the Great (d. 604) had an intellectual exchange facilitated in part by Isidore’s brother Leander (d. ca. 600), who preceded Isidore as bishop of Seville, had met Gregory in Constantinople, and to whom Gregory dedicated his Moralia in Job. Isidore’s writings and contemporaneous records of Spanish church councils make clear that the Old Hispanic Rite was already largely, though not entirely, formed in his day, much as we find it in the earliest surviving liturgical documents: the Oracional Visigótico (ca. 711) and the Antiphoner of León (ca. 900). This is a rite deriving from a great exegetical project in which liturgical chant formed only a part. Its starting points were the various translations of the Bible and the writings of the church fathers, especially Gregory and Augustine. From this an elaborate and systematic repertory of chant was formed in coordination with prayers, readings, and sermons. All of this speaks to deliberate composition by Isidore, Leander, and their colleagues rather than to the writing down of a long-standing oral tradition. Gregory surely knew about this activity in Spain. Is it likely that Gregory and his colleagues were not engaged in any such activity or that such activity in Rome took place so much later than it did in Spain? Perhaps there is a good reason why the chant created in Rome is called Gregorian just as the Old Hispanic Chant was much later called Isidorean. In the absence of Roman sources we may never know. But the Old Hispanic sources suggest that we ought to wonder.

Isidore of Seville (560-636) is rightly considered to be one of the most im­portant teachers of the medieval Europe. He wrote numerous didactic works on catholic doctrine, biblical exegesis, history, grammar, natural sciences etc. Isidore was neither a scientist nor an independent thinker, but indeed he was a genius of compilation. He spent his youth in the famous library of the bishops of Seville, where he stored knowledge by studying Holy Scriptures and works of classic and Christian authors. This library was destroyed, but we could strive to recreate its catalogue reading the books written by Isidore. In his Versus in bibliotheca Isidore tells us about authors he knew. We find among them Christian poets – Prudentius, Iuvencus, Sedulius, Avitus Viennensis. In Etymologiae Isidore presents to the reader Dracontius, and in De viris illustribus he admires talents of the centonist Proba. Isidore’s knowledge of Christian epics and the high regard he had for them tell us a lot not only about literary tastes of the well-educated bishop, but about the culture of reading of inhabitants of Visigothic Spain in the seventh century as well.

The article is devoted to the educational model of the outstanding European thinker of the 7th century, Isidore of Seville, with the principles of the education of the ruler and the class approach to the problem of teaching, with the content of the renovation pedagogy of the episcopal Gispal school of the VI-VIII centuries, its place in the evolution of the formation of Western European education. The article is dedicated to the problem of knowledge reception and work with the textbook during the «Dark Ages» in Visigothic Kingdom. An attempt is made to illustrate the process of reading through the reflection of this process in the creative heritage of Isidore of Seville (VII century). Therefore, our article is devoted to Visigoth Spain in VI-VII centuries, namely the formation of political, legal, moral and value concepts. Especially we pay attention to the image of the ideal ruler in the works of Isidore of Seville, Braulio of Zaragoza. We are trying to determine who should be the ideal ruler, and it is important to political and legal representation of the Visigoths, at a time when their culture reached its climax, absorbing the ancient traditions and world views. Isidor of Seville developed his own system of science independent learning for students, which has not lost its relevance today: a material, given by a tutor for independent learning, must be checked by parts, then each of these parts are translated out loud, and then the most important material was being selected from each part and as a result it is compiled into a student's report. Therefore, the place that Isidor occupies in the culture of his time is a key in the combination of two eras, and his educational program is thoroughly disclosed based on his main “pedagogical” texts.

Isidore of Seville did not leave behind any specifically trinitarian, Christological or pneumatological treatises. We find his theological doctrine evident in sections throughout his works although, as a result of the effort of a good compiler and synthesizer, it is not difficult to trace the passages in which the bishop of Seville deals with each one of these subjects. With regard to the doctrine on the Holy Spirit, the chapter dedicated to the third person of the Trinity in the first book of the Sententiae offers a fairly complete summary of the matter. The following pages are intended to present the content of that chapter and to place it within the context of the rest of Isidore’s theological output. Therefore, in addition to paying close attention to the text of the Sententiae, we will seek its dependence or influence, as the case may be, on other treatises of Isidore, mainly in these three: Etymologiae, De fide catholica and Liber differentiarum [II]. Augustine, Gregory the Great and the theological contribution of the Spanish councils are presented as Isidore’s main sources.

Abstract This essay examines a literary exchange between the Visigothic poet-king Sisebut (612-621 AD) and his scholar-bishop Isidore of Seville following an anomalous sequence of eclipses. After Sisebut commissioned a scientific treatise from Isidore on such natural phenomena, he responded to the bishop’s prose with a short poem on lunar eclipses (De eclipsi lunae). This study interprets the exchange of texts not as a literary game, but as high-stakes political correspondence. It situates the king’s verses in an ongoing process of cultural construction in Visigothic Spain, led prominently by Isidore himself, but also tied to a rising ascetic movement. It argues that Sisebut was attuned to Isidore’s designs to manage the discourses through which Christian power was proclaimed, and shows how the king attempted to versify in accord with scientific truth so as to fit within Isidore’s ascetic intellectual program.

At the source of the Hispanic thougt about history: Prudencius, Orosius and Isidore of Seville. The source of the Hispanic Medieval thougt comes out from the Roman-Hispanic writters: Prudentius, Orosius and Isidore of Seville. They are the starting point for a subsequent reflexion of the Hispanic Historiography in the Middle Ages. The three writter present an important change of mentality. The historic perspective is not the same in Prudentius as it is in Isidore, while Orosius is rather intermediate. Everyone has sis own way to know their mentality in order to penetrate into the secrets of our historic identity.

The observation has been made frequently enough in the recent and, indeed, not so recent scholarly literature to have assumed the status of a received truth: the Venerable Bede, esteemed for both his saintliness and his scholarship, simply did not like Isidore of Seville. Although Bede knew Isidore's major works, at least, and used them extensively, he was less respectful of Isidore, we are told, than he was of his other authorities. On only three occasions does he refer to Isidore by name, and each time it is to correct him. Part of the explanation, it has been suggested, lies in their sharply differing attitudes towards antique literary culture. Whereas Isidore was a product of the ancient world, says Riché, Bede decisively turned against its cultural and educational legacy, rejecting the approach, sanctioned by both Augustine and Gregory the Great, that enlisted the liberal arts in the service of Christian thought. He also, Riché goes on to say, was distrustful of the broadly-based scientific curiosity evinced in Isidore's works. Despite his acknowleged accomplishments, Bede's own scientific interests were, like those of other educated Anglo-Saxons, strictly limited. Natural philosophy writ large was suspect because of the irreligious aberrations to which it might lead. To C. W. Jones and a number of more recent commentators, the crux of the matter is Isidore's incompetence, not his excessive zeal. In Bede's view, Isidore simply did not work to a high enough standard. Hence he turned to other authorities, scarcely containing his disdain of the Sevillian. “The weakness of Isidore's treatment of cycles is manifest to the elementary student,” Jones points out; “it would be more than irritating to Bede.”

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Esta dissertação teve como objetivo compreender a elaboração da concepção da Realeza católica a partir das ideias políticas do bispo Isidoro de Sevilha (560-636). Prelado que viveu na passagem do século VI para o VII na Hispânia Visigoda, um período de mudanças, onde se buscava a unidade religiosa, política, legal, administrativa e de identidade deste reino. Coube a Isidoro de Sevilha traçar-lhe a doutrina. Assim analisamos as perspectivas deste prelado em relação ao reinado de Recaredo, rei que apareceu diante do III Concílio de Toledo (589) como o autor da conversão de seu povo e defensor dos interesses da única Igreja oficial do reino, bem como de seus sucessores. Contudo, apesar da conversão de Recaredo ter dado um novo caráter à Monarquia esta ainda não conseguiu consolidar totalmente o reino. Isidoro, por meio de suas obras desenvolveu um importante papel na tarefa de fortalecimento da Monarquia. Assim na maior parte de seus escritos não apenas apresentou as preocupações e anseios de um indivíduo isolado, mas os desejos e temores também do restante do corpo que, em sua maioria, compunham a Igreja hispano-visigoda e a instituição monárquica
This dissertation aimed to understands the elaboration of the conception of the Catholic Royalty starting from the bishop's Isidoro of Seville political ideas (560-636). Prelate that lived in the passage of the century VI for VII in Visigothic Hispania, a period of changes, where the religious unit, politics, was looked for legal, administrative and of identity of this kingdom. Isidoro of Seville fit to draw the doctrine. We analyzed the prospects of this prelate in relation to the reign of Recaredo, king that appeared before III Council of Toledo (589) as the author of the conversion of his people and defender of the interests of the only official Church of the kingdom, as well as of their successors. However, in spite of the conversion of Recaredo to have given a new character to the Monarchy this still didn't get to consolidate the kingdom totally. Isidoro, through their works developed an important paper in the task of invigoration of the Monarchy. Like this in most of their writings it didn't just present the concerns and an isolated individual's longings, but the desires and fears also of the remaining of the body that, in majority, composed the hispano-Visigothic Church and the monarchic institution

Orientador: Ruy de Oliveira Andrade Filho
Banca: Ana Paula Tavares Magalhães
Banca: Terezinha Oliveira
Resumo: Esta dissertação teve como objetivo compreender a elaboração da concepção da Realeza católica a partir das ideias políticas do bispo Isidoro de Sevilha (560-636). Prelado que viveu na passagem do século VI para o VII na Hispânia Visigoda, um período de mudanças, onde se buscava a unidade religiosa, política, legal, administrativa e de identidade deste reino. Coube a Isidoro de Sevilha traçar-lhe a doutrina. Assim analisamos as perspectivas deste prelado em relação ao reinado de Recaredo, rei que apareceu diante do III Concílio de Toledo (589) como o autor da conversão de seu povo e defensor dos interesses da única Igreja oficial do reino, bem como de seus sucessores. Contudo, apesar da conversão de Recaredo ter dado um novo caráter à Monarquia esta ainda não conseguiu consolidar totalmente o reino. Isidoro, por meio de suas obras desenvolveu um importante papel na tarefa de fortalecimento da Monarquia. Assim na maior parte de seus escritos não apenas apresentou as preocupações e anseios de um indivíduo isolado, mas os desejos e temores também do restante do corpo que, em sua maioria, compunham a Igreja hispano-visigoda e a instituição monárquica
Abstract: This dissertation aimed to understands the elaboration of the conception of the Catholic Royalty starting from the bishop's Isidoro of Seville political ideas (560-636). Prelate that lived in the passage of the century VI for VII in Visigothic Hispania, a period of changes, where the religious unit, politics, was looked for legal, administrative and of identity of this kingdom. Isidoro of Seville fit to draw the doctrine. We analyzed the prospects of this prelate in relation to the reign of Recaredo, king that appeared before III Council of Toledo (589) as the author of the conversion of his people and defender of the interests of the only official Church of the kingdom, as well as of their successors. However, in spite of the conversion of Recaredo to have given a new character to the Monarchy this still didn't get to consolidate the kingdom totally. Isidoro, through their works developed an important paper in the task of invigoration of the Monarchy. Like this in most of their writings it didn't just present the concerns and an isolated individual's longings, but the desires and fears also of the remaining of the body that, in majority, composed the hispano-Visigothic Church and the monarchic institution
Mestre

Varron et Isidore vivent dans deux cultures tout à fait différentes : Varron, au Ier siècle avant J. C. est un des plus illustres représentants de la latinité classique ; Isidore, au contraire, vit dans le VIIe siècle, presque un siècle après la chute de l’Empire Romain, dans l’Espagne gouvernée par les Wisigoths, dans une culture où le christianisme est la religion dominante. Tous deux vivent dans un temps de passage : Varron est la dernière voix de la République et la première de l’époque impériale, Isidore vit entre la fin de la latinité et le début du Moyen Âge ; le sentiment de la perte les pousse à conserver la culture qui allait vers une irrémédiable disparition. Avec les Antiquitates, les Disciplinae et le De lingua latina Varron assurait le maintien de la culture, de l’histoire et de la langue latine ; l’évêque de Séville conserve la même culture que le Réaltin et crée, avec les Etymologiae, un produit littéraire vraiment actuel, où les travaux de Varron se mêlent dans un nouveau horizon interculturel. Malgré les analogies évidentes et l’indiscutable autorité de Varron pour Isidore (son nom, dans les Etymologiae, revient trente et une fois et il y a d’autres passages où l’évêque rapporte des théories du Réatin sans le citer explicitement), J. Fontaine pense qu’Isidore n’a pas pu lire directement les œuvres de Varron, et après lui personne n’a plus écrit sur cette question. Aujourd’hui il est donc impératif de combler cette lacune. Notre étude se propose de résoudre cette question en cherchant à comprendre si Isidore a pu lire, au moins, une partie de l’œuvre de Varron, et en considérant aussi l’importance des témoins indirects comme Servius, Augustin et Martianus Capella. Pour les spécialistes de Varron, cette recherche est nécessaire parce qu’elle est capable d’éclaircir les vicissitudes de la tradition de ses œuvres ; pour les spécialistes d’Isidore, elle pourra remplir un vide considérable et éclairer aussi l’importance des autres sources
Varro and Isidore live in two different contexts: Varro, during the first century b.C is one of the most famous writers; Isidore who lives during the VII century a.d., in the Visigoth Spain where the Christianity is the first religion. they both live in a moment of great changes: Varro is the last voice of the Republic and the first of the imperial age. Isidore lives the end of the latin world. With the Antiquitates, Disciplinae and the De lingua latina Varro wants to guarantee the surviving of the latin culture; the bishop of Seville, with his Etymologies, maintain the same culture of Varro. Despite the evidence analogies between Isidore and Varro, J. Fontaine thinks that Isidore couldn't read Varro's work. After Fontaine nobody talked anymore about this question. We want to fill this gap because this research is necessary for those who study Isidore and for those who study Varro and the tradition of his works

Orientador: Antonio Miguel
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Doutorado

Orientador: Marcos Aurelio Pereira
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Sobre o discurso gramatical produzido na Antigüidade tardia nem sempre se encontram olhares cuidadosos. As Etimologias de Isidoro de Sevilha, cuja circulação atravessou os séculos posteriores, têm sido um alvo predileto para considerações que vão desde o menosprezo ¿puro e simples¿ ao risível. No entanto, as reflexões linguageiras desses séculos que ¿encerram¿ a Antigüidade têm sua razão de ser, uma vez que estabelecem relações outras com a língua e com a linguagem. Na tentativa de contar uma outra história sobre o discurso gramatical antigo e sobre uma de suas ferramentas interpretativas básicas, a etimologia, optou-se por narrar, em linhas gerais, o percurso das abordagens linguageiras que partem de gregos e romanos e chegam ao trabalho de Isidoro de Sevilha, enfatizando as tensões entre as rupturas e as continuidades desses debates, percorrendo um período em que subjaz o acontecimento da emergência do discurso cristão. Para descrever e interpretar quais as regularidades desse discurso gramatical-etimológico cristão isidoriano, julgou-se necessário traduzir o livro I das Etimologias, onde se encontram as definições-chave relativas à gramática e à etimologia
Abstract: It is not always usual to find careful approaches on the grammatical discourse produced in Late Antiquity. Isidore of Seville¿s Etymologies that have circulated through the later centuries have been a favorite target to some considerations from the ¿pure and simple¿ contempt to the laughable. However, the language reflections from those centuries ¿ ¿ending Antiquity¿ ¿ have their own reason of existence, as they establish different relations with language itself. In order to tell another story about the ancient grammatical discourse and one of its basic interpretative tools, the etymology, we chose to narrate, in general lines, the course of language approaches that has begun with the Greek and Roman until Isidore of Seville¿s work, emphasizing the tensions between breaks and continuities within those debates, covering a period in which we may witness the emergency of Christian discourse. In order to describe and interpret which are the regularities of that Isidorian¿s grammatical, etymological and Christian discourse, we found it necessary to translate the first book of the Etymologies where the key definitions relating to Grammar and Etymology are found
Mestrado
Linguistica
Mestre em Linguística

Ce travail propose d’étudier l’un des nombreux textes médiévaux portant sur le mythe de la guerre de Troie. Transmis à l’Occident médiéval non pas par le biais d’Homère mais par celui des classiques latins et de certains auteurs de l’Antiquité tardive, ce mythe connut un immense succès en Europe durant tout le Moyen Âge, malgré l’ignorance du grec et de l’Iliade. Nous avons choisi d’éditer partiellement et de commenter l’un des plus importants monuments de la matière troyenne médiévale, texte presque inédit aujourd’hui, car totalement délaissé depuis la Renaissance et le retour aux textes anciens. Dans une introduction, nous avons exposé les principes de notre travail d’édition, c'est-à-dire listé les différents manuscrits utilisés par l’éditeur précédent (Nathaniel Griffin), puis surtout présenté notre manuscrit de base, le Cod. Bodmer 78, absent de la liste des manuscrits collationnés par Griffin. Puis nous avons consacré un chapitre à la langue du texte, un latin médiéval très lisible quoiqu’empreint de « modernismes », notamment au niveau du lexique. Puis, après avoir présenté le texte, sa langue et notre méthode d’édition, nous avons exposé le peu d’éléments que nous avions sur notre auteur, sa vie, son œuvre et le contexte intellectuel au milieu duquel il évolua dans la Sicile du XIIIe siècle, ainsi que l’engouement européen pour la matière troyenne qui explique son choix de reprendre ce grand mythe dans son Historia. Enfin il nous a fallu évoquer les nombreuses sources utilisées par Guido delle Colonne, ses sources directes, indirectes ou inavouées. En dernier lieu, nous avons offert un résumé de chaque livre édité et traduit. Suit une bibliographie détaillée sur les manuscrits et éditions anciens de ce texte, des manuels, le contexte culturel et historique en Europe et en Sicile au Moyen Âge, les textes grecs, latins et vernaculaires se rapportant à la guerre de Troie et ayant influencé notre auteur de près ou de loin, les ouvrages critiques sur le traitement de cette matière troyenne dans l’Antiquité et au Moyen Âge, et enfin les quelques éléments bibliographiques portant sur Guido et sur son œuvre. Vient ensuite notre édition-traduction. La traduction est accompagnée d’un double apparat : un apparat des sources et réminiscences ainsi qu’un apparat critique qui prend en compte et compare les leçons contenues dans notre manuscrit de base avec les variantes citées par l’éditeur précédent dans les quelques manuscrits qu’il a utilisés. Au bas de la traduction, figurent des notes d’érudition destinées aux noms ou des faits cités dans le texte et qui méritent une explication. Après cette partie introduction philologique et édition, la deuxième grande partie de cette thèse consiste en un commentaire et des annexes. Dans notre commentaire, nous avons souhaité interroger notre texte dans ses aspects narratologiques, thématiques, génériques, linguistiques et idéologiques. C’est pourquoi nous avons consacré un premier chapitre à l’étude narratologique du texte, son contenu, son agencement, ses techniques narratives, son utilisation des sources et ses principales thématiques. Dans une seconde partie, nous avons abordé le genre et le ton de cette Historia, qui se veut un texte historique quoique traitant une matière fictionnelle puisque mythologique à une époque où les genres littéraires ne sont pas encore définis et encore moins cloisonnés ; nous avons en outre longuement commenté et illustré le choix de l’écriture en prose et en latin à une époque où la mode est au vers et au vernaculaire. Enfin, notre troisième chapitre porte sur le contenu scientifique, politique et idéologique de ce texte truffé de parenthèses érudites et morales. En dernier lieu, nous avons proposé une édition diplomatique de la partie non éditée ni traduite du manuscrit, ainsi que des annexes sur les manuscrits et le vocabulaire, et bien sûr des index des noms propres et un glossaire des mots rares ou surprenants
This work proposes to explore one of the many medieval texts on the myth of the Trojan War. Transmitted to medieval Europe not through Homer but by the Latin classics and some authors of late Antiquity, this myth was a huge success in Europe during the middle Ages, despite the ignorance of the Greek and the Iliad. We chose to partially edit and comment on one of the most important monuments of the medieval Trojan material, almost unpublished text today because totally abandoned since the Renaissance and the return to the ancient texts. In an introduction, we exposed the principles of our editing work, that is to say, listed the various manuscripts used by the original publisher (Nathaniel Griffin) and especially presented our basic manuscript, Cod. Bodmer 78, absent from the list of manuscripts collated by Griffin. Then we have a chapter on the language of the text, a medieval Latin highly readable although full of "modernism", particularly in terms of vocabulary. Then, after introducing the text, the language and our editing method, we exposed the little things we had on our author, his life, his work and the intellectual context in which he evolved in thirteenth century Sicily, and the European craze for the Trojan material explains his choice to take this great myth in his Historia. Then, we had to mention the many sources used by Guido delle Colonne, its indirect or direct or unacknowledged sources. Lastly, we provided a summary of each book published and translated. Then follows a detailed bibliography on manuscripts and old editions of this text, textbooks, historical and cultural context in Europe and Sicily in the Middle Ages, the Greek texts, Latin and vernacular related to the Trojan War and that influenced our author near or far, the critical works on the treatment of this Trojan material in antiquity and the Middle Ages, and finally some bibliographic elements on Guido and his work. Then comes our edition-translation. The translation is accompanied by a double pageantry: one for the sources and reminiscences, and a critical apparatus that considers and compares the lessons contained in our manuscript with basic variants cited by the previous editor in some manuscripts that he used. At the bottom of the translation include scholarly notes for names or facts mentioned in the text and deserve an explanation. After this introduction and part philological edition, the second major part of this thesis consists of a comment and annexes. In our review, we wanted to examine our text in its narratological, thematically, linguistic, generic and ideological aspects. That is why we have devoted the first chapter to the narratological study of the text, its content, its layout, its narrative techniques, use of sources and its main themes. In a second part, we discussed the type and tone of the Historia, which intends to be a historical text while attending a fictional material since mythological, at a time when genres are not yet defined and less compartmentalized; we have also commented extensively and illustrated the choice of writing in prose and Latin at a time when fashion is to poetry and vernacular. In the end, our third chapter focuses on the scientific, political and ideological content of this text peppered with parentheses and moral scholars. Finally, we proposed a diplomatic edition of the unedited or translated part of the manuscript, as well as appendices on manuscripts and vocabulary, and of course the name index and a glossary of rare or surprising words