Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Islam – Aspect social'
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Abdallaoui, Mohammed. "Religion et société dans l'islam d'aujourd'hui (les implications conceptuelles)." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010676.
Full textThe fact that islam confirms the intimate ling between the spiritual and the temporal necessarily results, according to the islamists, in an overall vision of man and society. Following this stream, one can't analyse notions of social organization, of justice, of the econolic and social vision of islam without reference to the meaning of the world or the relation fo man to god. This is indicative of a radically different perception of islam in comparison to the modern trend (which is imitative of western thinking). The merit due to some islamist thinkers is that widened the debate to the philosophical field. Contrary to the modernists, they raised new issues and opened new avenues of exploration. It is within this view that the contemporary muslim thinking suggets, in order to define the attitude of islam facing materialism and idealism, the notion of equilibrium between matter and spirit, between temporal and spiritual. One must demonstrate how can a religion which develops an extraordinary feeling of devine transcendance, give importance to the relationships of man to society and man to the world
Çivgin, Izzet. "De l'empire à l'Etat-nation : l'islam dans la vie politique et sociale de la Turquie." Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0028.
Full textIf the founders of the Turkish Republic do not manage to create an individual released from the community constraint, the religious pratices become more individualized today. The new Islamic actors try to reconcile teh faith with the business succcess. They enter the individuation process and do not seek to create an Inslamic state anymore. This evolution is part of a process of secularization and even signifies an "exit from religion" as M. Gauchet has described it. The use of Islamic symbols such as Islamic dressses, Islaming greetings become much more visible in public space. But Turkey is not threatened by an Islamic peril ; the Islamic utopia is defeated. Turkey's ruling Justice and Development party led by Erdogan (Prime Minister since 2003) claims to be a conservative democrat despite its Islamic origins
Sane, Mamadou Karfa. "Islam et société au Sénégal, approche sociologique d'une confrérie : le cas de la confrérie Tidjane." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT3035.
Full textReligion, at the dawn of the 21st century is still, paradoxically, very much alive. Assuming different faces, in multiple and varied ways, Islam never stops spreading, arousing debate and provoking questions and concerns here and there. In Senegal Islam is extremely dynamic. Dominated by fraternities of unequal political, economic, social and religious dimensions, Islam is the dominant cultural element and the principal frame of reference, even though affected by its dogmatic purity. It permeates all walks of life and influences markers of identity, and the structuring and organisation of society. A society which is segmented into different ethnic groups and which is subordinate to their religious, political, social and cultural organisations. With Islamic associations and organisations, who militate for a pure form of Islam and challenge the secularisation of the State, the question of Islam is raised in Senegal. With arabisation, modernisation and the promotion of the arabo-islamic education system, much is at stake in a country where more credible French schools still hold the monopoly in the creation of markets of competence
Kakpo, Nathalie. "Jeunes issus de l'immigration et Islam : famille, école, travail et identifications religieuses." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082540.
Full textMy research deals with religious commitments of french native north african and turkish and their manifestations in political arena. Our main hypothesis is that it's necessary to analyse the social trajectories of the young men, their experiences at school, on the labour market to understand their attitudes regarding to religion
Touba, Keltoum. "Le travail et l'évolution de sa valeur dans les cultures judéo-chrétienne et arabo-musulmane : une étude exploratoire de l'Antiquité jusqu'à nos jours." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100034.
Full textNowadays work is a scare value. But did this value exist in Christian, Hebraic and Muslim-Arabic cultures ? As far as the sixteenth century the Christian west despised work and money because of different inheritances, Greek and Roman, which stigmatized dependent and profitable activities no conformable to free man. But Hebraic study valorized a manual work, commerce and profit. Islam, which as far as fifteenth century, legimized and encouraged business activity and scientific knowledge, followed the same logic. After this period, an Arabic civilisation was decaded because it was threatened by the crusades, the Mongols and by internal dissent. In Christian western a new interpretation of Luther and Calvin valorized work and business activity. This protestant ethic favoured rational organization which offered modern man the possibility of effective control over nature and society, freed him from the anxities of an unpredictable world and released him from the domination of magical and religious force, sufficient condition for rational capitalism. In this capitalism, work became a merchandise subject to lax of supply and demand : the emergent proletariat led to the origin of subordinate labour which became a favourite model in western countries. But an unemployement upsets this model which was introduced in Arabic world. At independence many Arabic countries imitated western liberal economy, but labour law is not sufficient facing the problem of underground work
Saâfi, Hamda Kalthoum. "Vers une plateforme de modernisation de la pensée islamique : Une nouvelle alternative à travers la pensée de Abdelmagid Charfi, Mohammed Arkoun et Nasr Hamid Abou Zeid." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030197/document.
Full textHe thought of the three authors of this thesis is a platform for the modernization of Islamic thought. These neo-modernists propose, through the deconstruction of the Islamic heritage and criticism of dogmatic and ideological foundations of Islamic law (fiqh), to show the humanity of the interpretative work and thus to desecrate. This is to rebuild the Islamic consciousness on modern epistemological bases. Addressing the legacy and the founding texts by a scientific conscience, they want to renew from within Islamic thought, recast its history by rehabilitating his rational thinking and confirm the centrality of the Koran. Critical analysis of exegesis, fiqh and sharia shows their drift from the prophetic message. Reading renewed, refocused on the original message, whose foundations are universal individual freedom, equality, justice and responsibility, provides an alternative to blocking of thought and Islamic societies. This alternative is based on a dual challenge: religious and political modernization of Islamic thought is consistent with the democratization of the political system. This transformation should lead to modernize religiosity and the emergence of the modern Muslim who lives in full modern citizenship in tune with free faith in universal Islamic message
Minkov, Anton. "Conversion to Islam as reflected in kisve bahasi petitions : an aspect of Ottoman social life in the Balkans, 1670-1730." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ64622.pdf.
Full textBarylo, William. "L'islam, moteur de I'engagement citoyen ? : études des constructions personnelles et impact social de l'islam dans l'espace public européen à partir du milieu associatif musulman." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0027.
Full textThe first decade of the 21st century gave birth to some original and innovative charities in Europe, lead by small groups of young active Muslims. In these organisations, islamic ethics is not only a social cernent, tying strong bonds, but also a motor to volunteers' motivation. With the help of a comprehensive amount of empirical data through an ethnographie approach, this work drafts the process and dynamics of getting involved in thèse Muslim charities. This research analyses how these Muslim volunteers embrace modem cultures in light of islamic practices and values and eventually, how they embody a whole new generation of European citizens, refreshing key concepts such as citizenship and democracy
Madinier, Rémy. "L'urne, l'étoile et le croissant : le Masjumi (1945-1960) : un parti démocrate musulman dans l'Indonésie contemporaine." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/madinier_r.
Full textBorn in 1945 in Jakarta, the Masjumi was probably the biggest muslim party in the whole islamic associations of Indonesia. It was a very important actor during the 1945-1960 period (called the physical Revolution), then was the first governmrnt party during 1950-1955 period, when the independance of the country was secured. But the unity of the party was damaged by two scissions, in 1947 with the PSII and in 1952 with the Nahdlatul Ulama. Until 1957, the core of the Masjumi ideology was an attempt to conciliate the practice of western democracy with the values of Islam. But after the elections of 1955 - wich where a big deception for Masjumi - it tends to radicalize its positions. During the debates at the constituante assembly betwen 1957 and 1959, the Masjumi party was the advocate of radical revendications for an islamic state. But during the same time, its leaders took part in a struggle for the safety of democraty against the Soekarno conception of guided democraty. For this very reason, some of them where involved in the PRRI rebellion during the years 1958-1960. In today's Indonesia, The Masjumi party remains as the symbol of the lost unity of political islam, but its inheritage seems to be accaparate by the representants of islamic radicalism
Ait, M'Barek Abbes. "Islam et société : questions contemporaines et enjeux européens." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20068.
Full textSecularism should, intrinsically, be linked on one hand, to the Secularization of minds and attitudes, institutions and Governments, laws and law, and on the other hand, democratic pluralism and a State guarantee of freedoms and human rights. How does contemporary Islam face the separation of religion and politics? I set out through this research to put myself a little bit upstream of scholarly Islamic thought and fundamentalist doctrines, in relation with critical thinking and the stakes of modernity, secularism and secularization. Well beyond the contemporary reformist thinking, which apply to a rereading of Islam’s founding texts to reshape the jurisprudence in order to create a link between tradition and modern society, well beyond the emergence of the Sufi thought secularity, more oriented towards interior freedom, fraternity, accepting difference and love, also beyond the exegesis of the scriptural sources of Muslim orthodoxy, it’s necessary to go back in Islamic time in order to see how the Arab-Muslim heritage is examined to identify the authenticity or at least “the historiographically correct” in all stereotypes, caricatures and secular distortion : either by analyzing how some historians have interfered, without any inhibitions, in “writing and history” like Alfred-Louis de Prémare, so as to measure the gaps where you can find distortions because modernity, which means innovation or cumulative change self-generated, is determined by the historical initiative. Or by reviewing the position of some contemporary Muslim thinkers faced with the question about the foundations of Islam or the Quranic exegesis “al-nāsiḫ” and “al mansūḫ”, or finally by reelaborating the fiqh. Deconstruction will be previous, complete and external, or internal and partial, depending on whether one ruins or performs a simple analysis. The requirement of historicity and rationality is such as "however significant the sample of interpretations ancient or modern is, reference Koranic texts about the important issues found in today’s society, extremely repetitive from one author to another through the centuries, whether it be the dominant theological-legal Tradition, from which we extract the Koran comments", it requires a constant effort "in front of a formidable responsibility that requires thinking about life differently and make decisions despite of the undecidable by inventing new lights in political and technical conditions fully renewed ", to quote Marc Goldschmit in his definition of deconstruction
Plivard, Ingrid. "Identité culturelle et identification à l'islam chez les jeunes musulmans issus de l'immigration maghrébine." Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0018.
Full textThe purpose of this exploratory research is to collect data on the young Moslems resulting from Maghrebian (North African) immigration in France. It is a question on the one hand of giving a progress report on the cultural identity and the identity strategies endorsed by this population and on the other hand to determine the methods of affiliation to Islam. The relations between identity strategies and religious identifications are also studied. The study is based on the theories of acculturation and more particularly on the model of Berry. The identifications with Islam are considered under a multi-field angle. Other dimensions contributing to the comprehension of the studied phenomena are introduced: ethnic identity, self esteem, well being, practical of the religion and finally subjective discrimination. We used a questionnaire to conclude this research. It is composed of seven distinct parts which correspond to dimensions referred to above. We collected and analyzed 491 questionnaires. The typology of strategies obtained proves more complex than that proposed by the model of Berry. Moreover, we could check the complementarity of the various existing models of acculturation. We obtain five factors of identification to Islam. The most significant of them shows the importance of the religion like source of accompaniment and reference mark in everyday life. Lastly, the interpretation of the influence of subjective discrimination proves to be complex, in spite of the fact that the subjects are sensitive there
Karimi, Hanane. "Assignation à l'altérité radicale et chemins d'émancipation : étude de l'agency de femmes musulmanes françaises." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG037.
Full textThrough the study of three different spaces of political, professional and religious mobilisations, my PhD thesis analyses the agency of French Muslim women. From a Sayadian perspective, it describes their labelling as a radical “other” that those women of North African descent experience, despite their birth and socialisation in France. It sheds a particular light on their working-class social condition, which influence their ways of being in the world, and which reinforce the weight of social depreciation. Through their various engagements, those women claim the rights to equality and social justice. The promotion of the stigmatised identity as well as the veiling have to be understood following a dynamic of reversing the stigma in its most symbolic form : this illustrates their affirmation to legitimacy of existing nationally as they are. From a honnethienne perspective, the thesis analyses the struggles for recognition of those women. It shows the conditions and the effects of those engagements on their biographical trajectories. The organisation of political, professional or religious mobilisations within a collective framework allows them to get empowered. It transforms the women’s subjectivities, it leads to a questioning of political and religious norms and it allows them to challenge power relations. This thesis analyses how those transformations thanks to collective engagement form the basis of emancipation
Id, Yassine Rachid. "Islam et régionalisme européen : territoire, religion et identité en Catalogne française." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0018.
Full textIn contemporary Roussillon, Catalan, French and European identities crisscross and intermingle, marking their footprints on the same territory and in the ordinary life of the local population. The emergence of Muslim religiosity within a society structured around a regional identity, catalyses internal debates among European nation-states. Europe is redefined by local interactions whereby Muslims experience a still undecided Catalan acculturation. Through the articulation of qualitative (ethnography) and quantitative (questionnaire) methods, this new study provides abundant empirical material, drawing a fairly comprehensive portrait of Muslims in French Catalonia whose identity proves to be extraordinarily complex. Beyond any reification, the phenomenon of identity is here conceived as a flow, which is apprehended through a system modeling of the relationship between Islamity and Catalanity
En el Rosselló contemporània, les identitats català, francès i europeu es barregen i s’entrellacen, marcant les seves empremtes en mateix territori i en la vida quotidiana de la població local. El sorgiment de la religiositat musulmana en una societat estructurada entorn d'una identitat regional, s’illustra com un catalitzador per al debat intern als Estats-nació europeus. Europa s’ha redefinit per les interaccions a nivell local on els musulmans estan experimentant aculturació català encara no està decidit. A través de l’articulació dels mètodes qualitatius (etnografia) i quantitatius (qüestionari), aquest nou estudi proporciona una abundant material empíric, formant una imatge relativament completa dels musulmans de Catalunya francesa, la identitat resulta ser de gran complexitat. Més enllà de qualsevol essencialització, el fenomen de la identitat és concebuda com una flux aprehendido per mitjà d’un model sistèmic de la relació entre la islàmitat i la catalanitat
Donnet, Claire. "Des mobilisations autour de la reconnaissance de l’islam en France : étude de la puissance d’agir de sujets musulmans intégralistes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG009.
Full textBy studying three types of mobilizations aiming at the recognition of Islam in France, our thesis examines the agency of Integralists Muslim subjects. These subjects live in a society governed by sets of complex and varying standards in which the religious norm is just a norm among others. They want to live in and within the Muslim norms but this desire being strongly denied, they are encouraged to "work" the majority norms as well as the ideality of Muslim norms. Using J. Butler’s approach, I studied the agency of Muslim subjects and analyses the various ways to redevelop the standards that constitute them. The demands for recognition made by our respondents constitute their agency. This agency develops in varying degrees combining religious norms and norms relating to the national framework. By this process the subjects of Islam redefine the normative conceptions of the believing subject, of the political and protesting subject, and finally of the gendered subject
Jouanneau, Solenne. "Les imams en France : réinvention et tentatives d'appropriation d'un magistère religieux en contexte migratoire." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070054.
Full textThis dissertation examines, in a socio-historic and ethnographic perspective, the reapproprations and reinventions of a religious authority in thé French immigration framework through the particular case of imams. This research combines a sociology of immigration (which is partly a sociology of the receiving State and a sociology of popular classes) and a sociology of religion and its clerics. Its premise is that imams, as "migrant-cleric" experiment the two sides of domination (they dominate as clerics and are dominated as "immigrants"). Therefore, this study first analyzes the way these "organic" intellectuals of migration have managed to exercise a religious and community leadership with the establishment of several generations of Muslim migrants in France. Secondly, it tries to identify how these "migrant-clerics" have been gradually instituted as objects of public policy by the French State because of their supposed influence over the Muslim communities. Finally, it studies the nature of the real authority of imams over and with their followers, showing what this authority owes to the localized reapproprations of this role in French mosques
Rodier, Christine. "Manger pour croire : le halal comme incorporation d'une norme : étude transgénérationnelle de descendants de migrants "berbères"." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAG006.
Full textIf the links between food and religion have weakened in a secularized world, feeding practices are still a marker of identity and attachment to "God". With this in mind, we are interested in the emergence of a consumption of halal products by Berber Moroccan migrants and their descendants living in Moselle.Our project is a desire to use this consumption through a legacy of both family, cultural and political trajectory that is specific for each actor. Eating Halal is discussed here in terms of a religious fact with multiple dimensions, both collective, material, symbolic and significant. If eating halal refers to dietary laws specific to Islam religious system, this practice does not explain why an individual meets a requirement, a prohibition. Drawing on the approaches of Michel de Certeau, Jean-Noël Ferrié and Saba Mahmood, we show how an individual, through the incorporation, embodies faith and built its membership. Far from appearing as an essentialization of feeding practices, eating halal produces new types of eaters for whom the believe is a technique designed to create for the actor a capability of agency and reflexivity
Fassatoui, Omar. "Biomédecine, religions et droit : étude comparative entre islam et judaïsme." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1032.
Full textBiomedecine as a new form of medecine changed many social realities its original context. In others conttexts of the world where religion is present on a political and legal level, biomedecine can be more that problematic as it may be in contradiction with religious rules or religious consturctions of social realities. In all contexts, it' is up to the law to solve these problems and find a way to balance the need for medical solutions and religious and ethical issues
Marlière, Éric. "Les recompositions culturelles chez les jeunes issus de l'immigration dans une cité H. L. M." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082273.
Full textBearing in mind social and economic transformation wich mark the end of " red suburb " and that we were talking about " worker culture " children of the last workers generation at popular suburb to know children from maghrib are confronted to many transformation. The place of those children, from workers and immigrated, is called into question in a post-industrial society wich recommand other skills than being worker in a factory. This study deals with at first an historic step but also ethnographic in order to show the differents ways of recognization for children way out from immigration indead, we remark common cultural denominations (islam, worker culture)
Guarraoui, Mohamed el Amine. "La sunna : droit, société et politique dans la doctrine réformiste (19ème - 20ème siècle)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020036.
Full textFrom the moment we accept that many decades passed between the death of the Prophet Muhammad and the collecting of the many different texts interpreting the Sunna, we must also accept that the gap between the two entities (the words and the acts of the Prophet and their reflection in the Scriptures) is not merely of a formai nature. However, the classical theological institutions have managed not only to minimize the consequences of this division and make this established corpus into the second source of jurisdiction in Islam, but also to build an impenetrable wall between the reader and everything that aliows him to raise legitimate and rational questions concerning the nature of the Sunna and its meaning, including its appearance and its collection. Our work suggests a historical reconsideration of the works of reformist scholars in terms of the Sunna compared with the other sources of Islamic orthodoxy, that is the Koran, the Ijma' and the Ijtihad. Firstly, a reconsideration of the gap that we mentioned, in order to try to evaluate its importance and implications. In this way we have shown that the reformist scholars had, for the first lime in history, overcome the tensions, contradictions, stagnation, clashes and protagonisms with a new critical approach to ail the foundations (usul) of Islamic thought, including the Koran and the Sunna. Acritique open to scientific thought towards new ways of intelligibility and appropriation of the real, in order to surmount all the taboos sanctified without legal ground. Secondly, this work enabled us to perceive the swift and brutal interruption in the work of the reformist scholars, who were a peaceful force of the one real « criticism of the Islamic mind » to leave some space to two forms of destructive « terrorism » -that of the state and that of the marginalized individual. Since then, can we still talk about the renaissance of another combat between the dogmatic theological mind and the supposed faithless and lawless « scientific » mind?
Picard, Alice. "Gouvernement de la visibilité religieuse et reconfiguration des frontières symboliques : La gouvernance de l'islam à travers quatre cas d'étude franco-britanniques." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1G009.
Full textThrough comparative research into four municipal case studies in France, England and Scotland, this thesis intends to contribute to the scientific debate between "national models" (national share) and local autonomy. Based on the sociology of public problems and the sociology of public action, our thesis sets out to study how the regulation of the Muslim faith - defined as the combination between the organization of a faith and the presence of diverse Muslim populations - is affected by the construction of a "Muslim problem" at different levels: local, national and international. In order to determine whether Islam constitutes a category of public intervention, we draw on the cognitive approach to public policies and the analysis of their instrumentation. Our socio-historical approach requires the occasional use of the notion of "path of dependency". Through comparative research into four municipal case studies in France, England and Scotland, this thesis intends to contribute to the scientific debate between "national models" (national share) and local autonomy. Based on the sociology of public problems and the sociology of public action, our thesis sets out to study how the regulation of the Muslim faith - defined as the combination between the organization of a faith and the presence of diverse Muslim populations - is affected by the construction of a "Muslim problem" at different levels: local, national and international. In order to determine whether Islam constitutes a category of public intervention, we draw on the cognitive approach to public policies and the analysis of their instrumentation. Our socio-historical approach requires the occasional use of the notion of "path of dependency"
Coste, Frédéric. "Homo Islamicus : la réinvention d'une économie et d'une finance islamiques (1940-2014)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015IEPP0050.
Full textThis thesis aims at highlighting "worldviews" appearing in relation to the economic precepts of Islam.They reveal fundamental transformations between politics, law, morality, knowledge, history and society.A cosmological shift will be shown to occur between the classical period of Islam and modernity, entailing a renewed conception of religious principles with the advent of "social justice". The "worldview" of Jamaat-i-islami claims to set up the "Economic system of Islam", which will be determined in confrontation with ideologies such as Communism, Socialism, National-socialism, Secularism, Nationalism,and Capitalism, during the partition of India and the creation of Pakistan. This conception will ultimately be in conflict with a new one under the name of Islamic Finance in the mid-70s, giving birth to an unprecedented definition of this religion
Sèze, Romain. "Être imam en France : l'exercice de l'autorité à l'épreuve de la disparition de l'évidence religieuse." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0141.
Full textAlthough imams have been an important and controversial topic of much public debate since the 1990s, very few investigations have actually been devoted to them. With an investigation into thirty imams, this research analyzes the secularization of the Imamate from a "bottom up" perspective and examines how imam's practices of domination adjust to contemporary religious changes and to the special place occupied by Islam in French society. The central thesis advanced by this research is as follows : Imams are agents of Islam's formatting, i. E. The integration of Islam in common paradigms with other religious. Exposing the key role of these actors will provide an objective state of affairs on their place in the structuring of Islam in France, and will enrich contemporary debates in the sociology of religion through the insights offered by this poorly known field
Monjid, Mariam. "L'Islam et la modernité dans le droit de la famille au Maghreb : étude comparative : Algérie, Maroc et Tunisie." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10031.
Full textFamily Law in Maghreb is the stronghold of religion and moral norms. Observation would prove its specific nature. Deeply marqued by Islamic Law, the family Law is controversial. It is a privileged setting for testing the religious law capacity to fit onto modernity. Hence, it is an area of competition for different ideological doctrines with social mating projects. Family Law in Maghreb is often criticised since linked to the woman legal condition. Many challenges are facing it so that modernity is becoming a domestic and international requirement. But modernity is a result of internal changes and sociocultural movements, it should be authentic and legitimate. While choosing different and convergent ways, family law in Maghreb countries is still marked by Islam as religion and value system and there is, indeed, a very important reference to religious norm which is a specific nature of Maghreb's family law. Recent reforms are confirming this fact. Modernization has been a current matter since several years but this result could not be reached to the detriment of the sacral. Compromise seems to be the final solution
Karimi, Hanane. "Assignation à l'altérité radicale et chemins d'émancipation : étude de l'agency de femmes musulmanes françaises." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG037.
Full textThrough the study of three different spaces of political, professional and religious mobilisations, my PhD thesis analyses the agency of French Muslim women. From a Sayadian perspective, it describes their labelling as a radical “other” that those women of North African descent experience, despite their birth and socialisation in France. It sheds a particular light on their working-class social condition, which influence their ways of being in the world, and which reinforce the weight of social depreciation. Through their various engagements, those women claim the rights to equality and social justice. The promotion of the stigmatised identity as well as the veiling have to be understood following a dynamic of reversing the stigma in its most symbolic form : this illustrates their affirmation to legitimacy of existing nationally as they are. From a honnethienne perspective, the thesis analyses the struggles for recognition of those women. It shows the conditions and the effects of those engagements on their biographical trajectories. The organisation of political, professional or religious mobilisations within a collective framework allows them to get empowered. It transforms the women’s subjectivities, it leads to a questioning of political and religious norms and it allows them to challenge power relations. This thesis analyses how those transformations thanks to collective engagement form the basis of emancipation
Hadfi, Zied. "Émigration clandestine des jeunes Tunisiens : sur le chemin de la citadelle." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA084163.
Full textThis thesis aims at highlighting the salient characteristics of the illegal immigration of young Tunisians in these times of globalization. We propose to examine this phenomenon at the point of its generation and by its actors, The Harraga, (the frontiers burners), across time and space. We describe this new form of mobility which is placed in a migratory context hitherto unseen just before “The Arab Spring” and Ben Ali downfall. We have identified a chronology which is organized around a central point of departure, highlighting the challenges, fears and hopes. We have shown that the migration process can be understood as a long process of maturity that starts with the incubation stage, takes shape and becomes mature and subsequently blossoms in the move to action becoming irreversible. The aforementioned process is carried out in various places of socialization described in the thesis: Cafés, beaches, neighborhoods, interstitial areas of the town. At every stage of these, the process implies inevitably social and spatial issues. This paper therefore puts forward a description and a sociological analysis of migration paths taken by these new avatars of postmodern nomadism, as well as the networks they used, including family and friendly environment. In this regard, is proposed an analysis of these networks and their operation as well as smugglers pictures
Salhi, Mohamed Brahim. "Société et religion en Kabylie : 1850-2000." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030132.
Full textThis research is concerned with the relationship between society and religion in Kabylia with reference to the tradional trend and the reformist movement. The study further explores the changes in the areas which fall under the sway of reformist movement. For example, we wanted to question issue of Kabyle éducation in the first half of 20th Century. In this repect, the first thirteen chapters have been extended to two others chapters. These two chapters highlith the political struggles and Identity protest in Kabylia and focus on the intellectual and cultural elites who led them in the period between 1940 and 2001. This additional part is tightly linked to the other chapters as it extends the bounds between local and global issues, involving the crisis of modernity and the effects of modernization, and last, the nature of relationship between individual and his own self. Beside, we wanted to raise and treat the issue of social and political mediations starting from the analyis of recent and recurring protests in Kabylia
Zubair, Ahmad. "Une étude du fondamentalisme islamique au Pakistan à la lumière de la théorie de la dissonance cognitive." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0131.
Full textThis dissertation is a study of the conflict between religious and Islamic values in the light of cognitive dissonance theory. The fundamentalist version of Islam perceives in this religion not only a dogmatic creed but also and more importantly a workable social political and judicial system. We have dealt with some of the very sensitive questions in this study: the Islamic values pertaining to the rights of women or the Huddod laws are, to say the least, very much opposed to the social and moral standards of the 21st century. For an islamist mind, creation of state bases upon Islam legislature inspired of Koran and Sunnah is a part of religious faith. A believer or an islamist, therefore has two different cognitions in mind at a time: the one stemming out of a purely religious faith and the one resultant of modern social conventions. The theory of cognitive dissonance, in this perspective, has seemed to us a useful tool and a workable hypothesis to understand and to analyze the way a religious mind attempts to reduce or to dodge cognitive dissonance. This leads us to measure the influence exerted by this state of mind on the process of islamisation and of modernization of the present day society
Benkoula, Sidi Mohamed El Habib. "La mosquée et ses enjeux d'insertion contemporaine dans la ville "non musulmane"." Paris 12, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA123011.
Full textThe large mosque of Paris was built in 1926, that of Mantes-La-Jolie, second mosque of France equiped with a minaret, was built in 1981. Since then, a dozen "visible" mosques have been set up, with or without minarets. The majority of the places of Moslem worship of which the number varies between 1500 and 1700 is represented by rooms of prayer installed under precarious conditions. Their exit of clandestinity as from the years 1980 raises the question of their architectural identification and their urban location according to their situation in a traditional urban fabric (ex: Paris) or in a peripheral district (suburbs). The opposition between the national policies and the local policies lets emerge an obvious dissension around a clear definition of secularity and the possibilities of funding the construction of the places of worship. In addition, the numerous difficulties which accompany the processes of "possible" realization by the places of Moslem worship that the latter are ascribed to the local policies. The instruction of the file of permit building of a mosque can last several decades. This wait-and-see policy of the administrative type is charged to the disunion of the Moslems, to the importance of the requests as regards places of worship and to the hostility of the residents and the authorities. The representations which accompany the public discussion on insertion by the mosques, related to the ignorance of the right by the local Moslems and public decision makers, generate qualified situations of "no-right"
Mechelfekh, Messaouda. "L'Islam spirituel contemporain au travers d'Internet : interactions, modélisation et prospective." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAC020.
Full textIn this digital era, society is undergoing radical changes. Internet and other information technology are having major and growing repercussions on most societal components, including religion. Muslim spirituality, a component of the world’s cultural heritage, is also involved in this frantic digitalisation. Thus social networks, discussion forums and mobile Internet access are influencing the path Sufism is taking. The challenges facing it are multiple. Analysing them and putting into perspective modern, spiritual Islam through the Internet enables us to better grasp the links between spirituality and virtuality, between technology and religion, and at the same time glimpse at new, interdisciplinary fields of research. Beyond spirituality, we explore the parallels that can be made between the Internet and activities including initiation, support, training or apprenticeships
Escudier, Julie. "Le statut de la femme dans les droits maghrébins." Toulouse 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU10021.
Full textIn spite of political and sociological changes, the countries from North Africa remain marked by a dualistic legal context. The official right is sometimes a right attached with the respect of the divine law, sometimes a right which could be described as layman. The laws of the family, joined together within the Codes of the personal statute, are those of which the degree of emancipation compared to the divine law is the weakest. As for the civil, economic and political laws, their sources do not fit in the theological and cultural references but rather answer criteria marked with a universal thought of democratic invoice. The statute of the woman is thus located in this ambivalence between a private sphere regulated by a right in conformity with Islam and the Arabic and Moslem cultural identities and a respectful public sphere of the equality of the genders. In spite of the pression of the militants of the women's rights and the international organizations in load of promotion of the elimination of the gender’s discriminations, the North African countries, to differing degree, maintain uneven family legislations marked with patriarchate. The statutory condition of the women from North Africa thus takes place in this “legal schizophrenia”. To release them from this statute of inferiorisation, it is advisable to remove the persistent textual inequalities but also to follow a true policy of the chances man-woman in order to lead still phallocratic mentalities to evolve to a universal concept of human rights
Ducol, Benjamin. "Devenir jihadiste à l'ère numérique : une approche processuelle et situationnelle de l'engagement jihadiste au regard du Web." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25744.
Full textTelhine, Mohammed. "L'islam et les musulmans en France : une histoire de Mosquées." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0101.
Full textWhen trying to understand the history of Islam in France, the mosque, the most salient symbol of Islam, seems to be a central issue around which policies are developed and much passion and controversy is generated. The mosque has in fact always played a key role in the relation that France has had with Islam and is a kind of indicator of the degree of openness of the society in any given historical period. How did this symbol often se en as a destabilising element to the local French way of life by exacerbating existing tensions, come to be at the heart of the representational problem regarding Islam and France? The permanent settlement of Muslim immigrants, the rise of Islamism and the development of various rivalries between Islamic organisations in France is indicative of the centrality of the mosque when it comes to territorial politics, identity discourse and formation as well as to the strategies of state and organisational control. For this reason the sociology of Islam and the sociology of Muslim immigration in France has also been explored. Faced with the necessity, if not the urgency of having a "community" representative with which it could deal with, the French Republic reactivated its colonial reflexes by deciding to make a break with the supposed "untouchable" law of 9 December 1905 regarding laïcité by creating a representative Muslim body in France (CFCM). The development of a specifically French Islam, now institutionalised, has led to an increasing demand for places of worship including the construction of so called 'Cathedral-Mosques'. These represent a visibility which often comes into conflict with local concerns. This element is also addressed
Echouaibi, Mohamed-Amine. "Contribution à l'histoire de l'Etat et de la société sous le règne d'Ahmad al-Kabīr al-Madanī (1864-1893) d'après les sources arabes." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010530.
Full textIn 1864, al-haj umar disappears in full campaign before his ambitious project is not realized in its totality. The great islamic tijaniyya state to which he aspired remained unfinished. He bequeathed nevertheless to his successor a very vast territory going from oriental senegal until tumbuktu. Immediately after his advent, ahmad al-kabir al-madani had to confront many difficulties, with various nature. The problem of the succession was the principal since it remained irresolute until the end. It divided the center of commandment between ahmadu and his brothers, what provoke deeply reached to the unit of the state. Similarly, uprisings of the population against the authority of ahmadu have succeeded to intervals of very close time of each other. Consequently, the state weakens and become incapable to dress to dangers coming from exterior. This work tempts to stroller the different phases of this misunderstood history, because of the lack of research relative at this period, and tries to analyze trough original manuscripts (122 manuscripts) the different cause of collapse of the toucouleur empire under the reign of ahmadu (1864-1893), and its incapacity to resist at colonial imperialism
Sakho, Jimbira Mohamed. "Facebook, un espace d’expression et de visibilité religieuse : le cas de l’islam (2012-2014)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0253.
Full textSocial networks are an integral part of the lives of millions of French people, and Facebook is a privileged space for expression and representation of identity and community. Given the fact that many users who define themselves as French and Muslims create on this global social network pages, groups and profiles dedicated to Islam, we wanted to question, especially in a context where Islam regularly occupies the media agenda, the logics underlying their presence on this social network. Far from any normative consideration, the aim is to move the gaze towards the actors through the analysis of the way in which they are defined and consider their uses. More generally, our problem is part of a comprehensive framework to see how Facebook - as a sociotechnical device - succeeds in shifting the boundaries traditionally devoted to Muslim religious expressions in a secular country like France
Khalid, Amr. "Aspects of Islam and social coexistence : the case of Britain." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683357.
Full textUzoh-Baba, Betty. "Socio-anthropologie de la polygynie au Ghana : le cas du pays Dagomba." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL12014.
Full textOur study is a multidisciplinary approach to polygyny, by the case study of the Dagombas, of the Northern part of Ghana, in which majority of them are Muslims and uneducated. The introduction presents our epistemological position and our methodological options. We have classified our thesis in three parts. In the first part, we explore an anthropological approach based on the field research. The hypothesis correlated the practice of polygyny with illiteracy, wealth, morals, and values as factors related to forceful marriages. Finally, we evaluated the evolution of polygyny social changes in a contemporary society. In the second part, we successively elaborated: the changes in marriage, and matrimonial status, etc The outcome of polygyny and the role of the educational system are highlighted. Accessing the educational level of women, living in polygyny or the Socio- Professional conditions determines the institutional stakes emerging from this matrimonial practice. In the third part, we found out the socio-cultural and economic changes and their consequences on polygyniques practices in Ghana. We analyze, our samples given the perceptions and representations of polygyny by urban dwellers the variable ranging from the age group determined their commitment to religion and tradition. Deducing from this observation, we are investigating on the perspectives of this matrimonial status in the society, their emancipation and socio-economic development of women and the impact of woman in time and space
Jawdat, Dwailibi Georges. "Les Oulémas du Golfe et de l'Arabie saoudite face aux réformes, après le 11 septembre 2001." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0164.
Full textTouched in the middle of their financial, political and defensive epicenters, the United States have conceptualized after September 11, 2001, a foreign policy based on divinely- emptive wars and democratization of countries accused of being the origin of American’s evil. The concrete implementation of this policy showed up by the war in Iraq. Meanwhile, the Gulf kingdoms and principalities have entered a new geopolitical order requiring structural changes regarding political, social and religious representation. The religious discourse that prevailed was directly questioned and singled out by American accusations of terrorism. Faced with this situation, the religious establishment had to undergo profound changes on highly critical points, such as the concept of jihad ; integration of new values of tolerance and acceptance towards Others, mainly the shi’a ; the incorporation of women as subject / full citizen, and the reorientation of educational visions. Beyond the Islamic traditional challenge we know, namely reconciliation between Islam, modernity and relations with the West, the defy is to find out how, after decades of religious indoctrination (with the assist of political power) the ulema will start revising their speeches and enter a new logic, certainly Islamic, but more ample to the current situation
Martin, Anne. "Stratégies identitaires du couple mixte et changements de l'ordre social : les québécoises d'origine canadienne-française converties à l'Islam." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26300.
Full textRajhi, Wassim. "Essays on the capital structure and insolvency in conventional and non-conventional banking systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUL2003.
Full textThe international financial crisis naturally prompts the question of whether IIFS are robust and resilient or may be swept into crisis by a global wave and if so through what channels. This thesis considers channels through which the world financial crisis would affect IIFS, their features that may help contain it and those that may foster post crisis recovery in a dual banking system. Our sample covers 467 conventional banks and 90 Islamic banks in 16 countries for the period 2000-2008, a range advanced economies and emerging markets. We estimation the financial stability (z-score) in conventional and Islamic banks. The z-score has become a popular measure of bank soundness (Boyd and Runkle, 1993; Maechler, Mitra, and Worrell, 2005; Beck and Laeven, 2006; Laeven and Levine, 2006; Hesse and Čihák, 2007, 2008, 2010; Mercieca, Laeven and Levine, 2009; Beck; Demirgüç-Kunt and Merrouche, 2010). With a robust and a quantile estimation model, this empirical analysis explores causes of insolvency risk in Islamic and conventional banks in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Southeast Asian countries, by controlling for various factors, bank-by-bank data, macroeconomic and other system-wide indicators
Azab, Lamiss. "Dire l'Islam en banlieue : de l'offre islamique à l'expérience religieuse et aux présentations de soi, terrains croisés (2001-2006)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0006.
Full textThe Islamic offer in the French religious field is heterogeneous as it covers different discourses produced in France as well as others produced in the Islamic world accessible on cassettes, satellite channels and Internet. In certain Parisian suburbs (banlieues), these Islamic discourses are a fundamental source of valorisation for High School students (15-20 years old) who feel the burden of numerous stigmas (such as being part of the banlieue, born in a family of North African origin and Muslim). As a response to these disqualifications which may be real or imaginary, these young people follow different strategies of self presentation, trying to win the recognition of the Others. In these presentations, Islam could become so visible that it would be provoking. Going through these religious experiences, the actors make theirs the Islamic discourses to realise their objectives and, therefore, they produce their own discourses which are interesting to analyse in parallel with the original Islamic offer
Chiko, Wilson Mungoma. "The social influence of Islam in Kenyan society since 1963." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683274.
Full textMoulard-Kouka, Sophie. ""Senegal yewuleen !" Analyse anthropologique du rap à Dakar : liminarité, contestation et culture populaire." Phd thesis, Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00490805.
Full textSaddik, Mohamed. "Économie et éthique, le cas de “l’économie islamique” : application aux services sociaux et financiers." Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100019.
Full textIn this work we studied how to build an economy funded on an ethical and conceptual base directly issued from the texts and values of Islam. Many questions could be revealed in this context: How could be established an economic system based on Islamic values in order to achieve the aimed economical goals? If such a system could be realized, how would it work? Could Islam present an economical and social system that can be considered as an alternative to capitalism? Is there any financial system that could be described and presented as an Islamic economy? What is the Islamic approach of economy? Is there really a need for such approach? Does the Islamic economy have its own institutional context? The first part of this thesis is dedicated to study the relation between ethics and economy in general (through the works of well-known economists and philosophers like Sen and Rawls), as well as the relation between Islamic ethics and economy in particular : In the second part, we discussed how to take Islamic ethics in consideration from an economical point of view; this application could be done through the study of Islamic finance
Brigaitis, Peter. "Religious Engagement and Social Capital in the Islamic Context." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4788/.
Full textToukabri, Hmida. "Une approche comparative des fondations pieuses juives et musulmanes dans le bas Moyen âge islamique." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0012.
Full textRegularly, during the Geniza times (Xth-XIIIth centuries), Jews of muslim lands consecrated immovables as well as movable properties to the community's perpetual benefit. The se properties are known in Geniza materials as pious fondations. Thus, the rent of a consecrated house or a Torah scroll, though different in nature, as distinctively denoting materials and spiritual profits, receive nontheless the same denomination, qodesh or heqdesh, and were incorporated in a kind of institution of the same designation. This institution, heqdesh, is more often presented in our sources as a community chest, less than an individual undertaking, inviting us to understand it as a cohesion phenomenon. It assumes the works of everyday assistance, as much as it cares for the religious life in general ; the restauration of synagogues for example. Within the muslim context, up to the pre-modern era, the muslim pious foundations, that is the muslim waqf-s, are not brought to a supra-individual dimension ; the reason why medevial muslim waqf is so indicative of individual strategies of imitation, of political, economic, and social competition. As such, it is very much indicative of the political authority, as well as of the social hierarchy
Lemale, Ettonia Céline. "Vers une compréhension du phénomène « prostitutionnel » féminin, en tant que « Pratiques Sexuelles Récompensées » au Maroc, à travers une clinique du sujet et du lien social : « De celles qui sortent à Marrakech... »." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00562363.
Full textLavoie, Bertrand. "La foi musulmane et la laïcité en France et au Québec, entre régulation publique et négociation quotidienne." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020019.
Full textThe overall goal of the dissertation is to analyze the relation to religious norms and state law regarding the question of the wearing of muslim religious symbols. This socio-legal research follows results from 50 interviews done with persons who wear muslim religious symbols and work (or consider working) at the same time for the french and quebec states. The two legal contexts shows dissension regarding the regulation of religious symbols in public institutions. Empirical results shows different strategies of action and interpretation of state and religious norms, a human legal agency, where the rational autonony of the weaerer is the central element in the relation to norms
Fournier, Lydie. "Constructions identitaires musulmanes à Montpellier : Discours de légitimation dans une configuration concurrentielle." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr/pvurl.php?r=http%3A%2F%2Fdallozbndpro-pvgpsla.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr%2Ffr%2Fpvpage2.asp%3Fpuc%3D5442%26nu%3D29.
Full textBrown, Robert Bruce. "Holy war as an instrument of theocratic and social ideology in Judaic, Christian, and Islamic history." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1428.
Full textWillems, Marie-Claire. "Musulman-e-s : socio-sémantique historique des usages du terme musulman et enjeux contemporains de l’ethnicisation, racisation et confessionnalisation." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100152.
Full textThe word muslim, which not only refers to Islam, is nowaday polysemous to a great extent. This research analyses the uses of the word muslim and the way in which it is used to identify as muslim-s. Firstly, it focuses on the changes of the historical semantics of the term. Then it seeks to identify, from a fieldwork perspective (interviews, observations, questionnaires), what is a stake in the self-categorisation process. Is muslim an ethnicity, a religious or a cultural category ? The ethnicization, racialization and confessionalization religious processes bring about two knew signification new spaces : a new political use which raises questions on class, race and islamophobia (muslimness) and a new confessional use who cleave culture and cult (muslimity). This last use leads to the formation of a contemporary Islamic ethics and to the search of a ”pure religious”. This transversal study asks what being muslim-s means in France today, considering history as well as self-categorisation discourses