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Academic literature on the topic 'Islam Casamance Region (Senegal) Senegal'
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Journal articles on the topic "Islam Casamance Region (Senegal) Senegal"
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Baum, Robert M. "The emergence of a Diola Christianity." Africa 60, no. 3 (July 1990): 370–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160112.
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Opening ParagraphAfrican religious history in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries has been dominated by the rapid growth of Islam and Christianity. This has been especially true of the Senegambia region of West Africa, which has witnessed the adoption of Islam by approximately 80 per cent of the region's populace and the development of a small, but influential Christian minority. Among the Diola of the Casamance region of Senegal, Islam and Christianity have both enjoyed rapid growth. The approximately half million Diola, however, include the largest number of adherents of their traditional religion within the Senegambian region. They are sedentary rice farmers and are usually described as acephalous peoples. While Muslims and Christians have been in contact with the Diola since the fifteenth century there were few conversions during the pre-colonial era (Baum, 1986). During the colonial era Islam became the dominant religion among the Diola on the north shore of the Casamance river, and Christianity also attracted a considerable following (Mark, 1985). Among the south shore communities neither Islam nor Christianity became important until after the Second World War. Seeing the increased momentum of recent years, many observers are confident that the south shore Diola will follow the northern example and convert to Islam or Christianity. Louis Vincent Thomas, the doyen of Diola ethnographers, described Diola traditional religion as ‘a false remedy to a very real crisis; fetishism will become a temporary response that will be quickly swept away by another attempt, even larger and undoubtedly more profound: Islam and perhaps we could add, Christianity’ (Thomas, 1967: 225; translations are my own, unless otherwise stated).
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Lambert, Michael C. "Violence and the war of words: ethnicityv.nationalism in the Casamance." Africa 68, no. 4 (October 1998): 585–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161167.
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Since 1982 the Mouvement des forces démocratique casamançais has been fighting for the independence of the Casamance region of Senegal. In 1989, when the Mouvement initiated a sustained military campaign, Senegal's official and independent press began to provide intensive coverage of its activities and objectives. This article documents the arguments for and against Casamançais independence as documented by Senegal's press in the year following the resurgence of this conflict. The Mouvement's leadership has consistently maintained that its efforts to win independence for the Casamance are legitimate because France created the Casamance. The French, it argues, never intended the Casamance to be administratively incorporated into Senegal. Conversely, those opposed to the Mouvement have attempted to delegitimise its activities by claiming that it represents the interests of the Jola, just one of the Casamance's many ethnic groups. It is argued that the Senegalese government and other opponents of the Mouvement have attempted to label the independence movement an ethnic movement because of a distinction in African political ideology between nationalism and ethnicity. According to this ideology, nationalism, and other legitimate forms of political mobilisation, should represent a plural constituency. Those that represent the narrow interests of a single ethnic group are not considered legitimate.
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Sane, Hassoum, Tamsire Samb, Abdoulaye Baïla Ndiaye, and Cheikh Tidiane Ba. "Etude De La Diversite Des Termites (Isoptera) Dans Quelques Localites De La Region De Kolda (Haute Casamance, Senegal)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 33 (November 30, 2016): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n33p263.
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Termites (Isoptera) are invertebrates that play many ecological functions in terrestrial ecosystems, especially in tropical areas. Their impacts on the quality and the fertility of the soil are well known. However, in Senegal termite fauna is still poorly known. Thus, to contribute to the knowledge of termites of Senegal we have conducted a study on their diversity in the region of Kolda (Casamance). Termites were sampled in transects of 100 m long and 20 m wide. Termite workers, soldiers and some time reproductives are collected in vials filled with ethanol 70°. Thirty (30) termite species have been identified. Five of them are new records for Senegal. The four trophic groups xylophagous, fungus-growing termites, harvester or foraging termites and soil-feeding were represented. The fungusgrowing termites are more diversified. According to the types of nests, termites encountered are divided into 3 groups. The more diversified are those that build ground-nest without fungus.
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De Wolf, Joris. "Species composition and structure of the woody vegetation of the Middle Casamance region (Senegal)." Forest Ecology and Management 111, no. 2-3 (December 1998): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(98)00347-8.
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Cormier-Salem, M. C. "Environmental changes, agricultural crisis and small-scale fishing development in the Casamance region, Senegal." Ocean & Coastal Management 24, no. 2 (January 1994): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0964-5691(94)90026-4.
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Thomson, Steven. "Revisiting “Mandingization” in Coastal Gambia and Casamance (Senegal): Four Approaches to Ethnic Change." African Studies Review 54, no. 2 (September 2011): 95–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arw.2011.0033.
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Abstract:“Mandingization,” the gradual process of cultural change whereby Jola peoples of the Casamance region of southern Senegal are becoming more like their Mandinka neighbors, is analyzed in this article as comprising four distinguishable processes: ethnogenesis, ethnocultural drift, ethnic osmosis, and ethnic strategizing. By distinguishing among these four processes and analyzing their interaction, we can understand the dynamics of Mandingization more clearly and also derive insights for understanding ethnic change generally. The current moment of ethnic change in The Gambia includes a resurgence in Karon Jola ethnic identity, but we need to view this process as contingent, not yet accomplished, and a challenge to the pattern of Mandinka dominance in a time of broader social change.
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Deets, Mark. "“Grown-Ups on White Plastic Chairs:” Soccer and Separatism in Senegal, 1969–2012." History in Africa 43 (July 20, 2015): 347–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hia.2015.25.
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Abstract:I argue that the postcolonial Senegalese soccer stadium became a space for imagining and performing the nation for separatists from the Casamance region who tied their separatist discourse to the fortunes of Casa-Sports, a soccer club based in Ziguinchor. The twin histories of Casamançais soccer and separatism demonstrate the interplay of “space” and “place” in the stadium – constructed originally for defining and controlling the Senegalese nation but commandeered by separatists for subverting it. Non-elite Casa-Sports supporters, however, contested or ignored separatist assertions that supporting Casa-Sports meant supporting separatism, and vice versa. Thus, these non-elites revealed the stadium as a “space-place” for simultaneous, multiple national imaginings.
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Linares, Olga F. "Deferring to Trade in Slaves: The Jola of Casamance, Senegal in Historical Perspective." History in Africa 14 (1987): 113–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171835.
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An ever-growing literature on West African slavery has, for obvious reasons, tended to concentrate on societies that developed complex forms of domestic slavery and/or were closely tied to the export trade. Three major collections on slavery published in the last ten years deal almost exclusively with such groups. The history of peaples who refused, at least in the beginning, to take captives for the purpose of selling them to outsiders or keeping them for themselves has been ignored. And yet these acephalous groups are very instructive. They illustrate how certain structural features and other cultural preferences may have impeded, or at least retarded, the development of indigenous slaving institutions.This paper discusses the role of slavery in a marginal area of the Upper Guinea coast. Emphasis will be placed on how practices surrounding the acquisition and disposal of captives were embedded in local institutions. Because these practices developed in the context of Africans dealing with each other, and not exclusively in the context of their dealings with the Europeans, they reflected modes of thinking and organizations intrinsic to certain forest groups of west Africa. A comprehensive history of why the Jola of Lower Casamance, Senegal, were slow to develop various kinds of slaving practices emphasizes their resistance to currents of change affecting the political economy of this region before, during, and after the heyday of the Atlantic slave trade.
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Hanson, John H. "Islam, Migration and the Political Economy of Meaning: Fergo Nioro from the Senegal River Valley, 1862–1890." Journal of African History 35, no. 1 (March 1994): 37–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700025950.
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The Muslim social movement known as the fergo Nioro provides a case of popular elaboration of the message of a leader of jihad. Umar Tal's call to holy war led to the conquest of Karta in the mid-1850s, and his call to hijra resulted in the migration of perhaps 20,000 Senegal-valley Fulbe to form a Muslim settler community. In the years after Umar's departure from Karta in 1859, military leaders and others in the Fulbe settler community sent envoys to recruit additional settlers from the Senegal valley. At least 16,000 and perhaps as many as 30,000 Fulbe responded to this recruitment effort and left Bundu, Futa Toro and the lower Senegal valley between 1862 and 1890. Two periods of more massive migration coincided with the residence at Nioro of Amadu Sheku, Umar's son and designated successor. During the late 1860s and early 1870s, a cholera epidemic swept up the Senegal valley, claimed thousands of victims, and encouraged Fulbe to leave the region for Karta. During the mid-1880s, French policies in the Senegal valley, notably the emancipation of slaves and moves to halt Fulbe raids in the lower Senegal valley, influenced the social movement.In both periods of large-scale migration and at other times, the Umarian envoys constructed an appeal which elaborated and even transformed Umar's call to hijra. Umar's insistence on holy war was a dominant theme in all periods, and resonated with the young men who left the valley in hopes of accumulating wealth through warfare. His condemnation of French influence in the Senegal valley was also expressed in the Arabic letters delivered by envoys. Umar's emphasis on the cutting of social bonds was not emphasized, as Fulbe settlers sought to attract relatives and neighbors to the new Fulbe communities in Karta.
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WATSON, RACHEL. "Language as category: using prototype theory to create reference points for the study of multilingual data." Language and Cognition 11, no. 1 (March 2019): 125–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2019.9.
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abstractIn this paper I present a framework for the conceptualization of languages based on the prototype theory of categorization proposed by Eleanor Rosch and her colleagues for natural semantic categories. It is motivated by research in the Casamance region of southern Senegal, where a high level of multilingualism in non-standardized varieties is the norm, making accurate description of languages, and thus analysis of multilingual discourse, problematic. I show that languages in this context can be conceived of as categories, of which linguistic features may be more or less prototypical members. Such an approach can form the basis for a more robust method of language description, integrating rich sociolinguistic data, and facilitating more nuanced analysis of multilingual discourse data.
Books on the topic "Islam Casamance Region (Senegal) Senegal"
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International, Amnesty, ed. Senegal: An escalation in human rights violations in Casamance region. New York, N.Y. (322 8th Ave., New York 10001): Amnesty International U.S.A., 1991.
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Grammar of Diola-Fogny: A Language Spoken in the Basse-Casamance Region of Senegal. Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Islam Casamance Region (Senegal) Senegal"
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Gomez, Michael A. "The Kingdoms of Ghana: Reform along the Senegal River." In African Dominion, 30–42. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691196824.003.0004.
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This chapter focuses on Ghana. The rise, fall, and rise again of Ghana is a study of why mutually beneficial commercial and political relations between Muslim and non-Muslim rulers and merchants were disrupted by the spread of reform Islam, and how the region was radically altered as a consequence. Divergent models of negotiating cultural difference lost their competition with a withering, less tolerant Islam, signaling a shift in the region's principal occupation from trafficking in gold to human beings, as well as the rise of a discourse on the relationship between phenotypic expression and “civilizational” achievement, a forerunner to concepts of “race.” West Africa's renowned reform movements beginning in the twelfth/eighteenth century were therefore fully anticipated by similar ideas and developments in early Ghana and the Senegal valley. The chapter then traces the origins of Ghana. Early Ghana experienced a long existence and efflorescence, both as an independent kingdom from 300 CE to the end of the fifth/eleventh century, and as a reform Muslim state until the first third of the seventh/ thirteenth, after which it lingered on in tributary form for another two hundred years.
Reports on the topic "Islam Casamance Region (Senegal) Senegal"
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Latané, Annah, Jean-Michel Voisard, and Alice Olive Brower. Senegal Farmer Networks Respond to COVID-19. RTI Press, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rr.0045.2106.
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This study leveraged existing data infrastructure and relationships from the Feed the Future Senegal Naatal Mbay (“flourishing agriculture”) project, funded by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) and implemented by RTI International from 2015 to 2019. The research informed and empowered farmer organizations to track and respond to rural households in 2020 as they faced the COVID-19 pandemic. Farmer organizations, with support from RTI and local ICT firm STATINFO, administered a survey to a sample of 800 agricultural households that are members of four former Naatal Mbay–supported farmer organizations in two rounds in August and October 2020. Focus group discussions were conducted with network leadership pre- and post–data collection to contextualize the experience of the COVID-19 shock and to validate findings. The results showed that farmers were already reacting to the effects of low rainfall during the 2019 growing season and that COVID-19 compounded the shock through disrupted communications and interregional travel bans, creating food shortages and pressure to divert seed stocks for food. Food insecurity effects, measured through the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and cereals stocks, were found to be greater for households in the Casamance region than in the Kaolack and Kaffrine regions. The findings also indicate that farmer networks deployed a coordinated response comprising food aid and access to personal protective equipment, distribution of short-cycle legumes and grains (e.g., cowpea, maize) and vegetable seeds, protection measures for cereals seeds, and financial innovations with banks. However, food stocks were expected to recover as harvesting began in October 2020, and the networks were planning to accelerate seed multiplication, diversify crops beyond cereals, improve communication across the network. and mainstream access to financial instruments in the 2021 growing season. The research indicated that the previous USAID-funded project had likely contributed to the networks’ COVID-19 resilience capacities by building social capital and fostering the new use of tools and technologies over the years it operated.