Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Islam et État – Algérie'
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Latreche, Belkacem. "Islam, islamisme et modernité : l'échec du politique : le cas algérien." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H018.
Full textIn the arab world, the mission of state was to modernize society, but it failed to achieve this purposes. That’s why it is now contested in its sacrality and in its legitimacy. Furthermore it makes the debate more acuteness. The Algerian case is on this point of view paradigmatic. The failure of the policy undertaken since independence revealed the nature of a state obsessed by its interests and its survival. The triumph of Islamism attests the paradoxes of the Algerian society. It reminds us that independence didn't respect its promises
Adala, Mohammed. "La place de la culture musulmane dans la vie socio-politique de l'Algérie : inspirations doctrinales et idéologiques (XVI-XX siècle)." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON10020.
Full textL'objectif de cette etude est de mettre en lumiere les mecanismes culturels commandant l'evolution des institutions religieuses, sociales et politiques en algerie depuis l'epoque ottomane jusqu'a nos jours. Autrement dit, il s'agit de mettre en relief le lien spirituel qui incarne l'enchainement historique selon lequel s'ordonnent, suivant les epoques et moyennant une gypologie propre a cette etude, les susdites institutions. Guide par l'objectif en question, nous avons ete amene a etudier les divers aspects des inspirations doctrinales et ideologiques de l'islam en algerie (soufisme, orthodoxie, kharidjisme, reformisme salafite) pour en determiner la place sur l'echiquier politique et social. De meme, cette etude cherche a mettre en exergue du patrimoine religieux dans les options politiques et ideologiques relevant des epoques ulterieures, aussi bien sous la colonisation francaise que sous les regimes en place depuis l'independance
Deheuvels, Luc-Willy. "Islam et pensée contemporaine en Algérie : la revue "Al-Asâla" (1971-1981)." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040111.
Full textBenattia, Houria. "Ecole, culture et islam dans l'algerie contemporaine." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20077.
Full textThe thesis identifies socio-cultural problems in algeria and the consequences they involve particularly the biculturalism franco arabe and the multi-linguistie fact. The arabe : as it is talked by the people; the arabe : its classical written form; the berbere. Alienations, frustrations and disfunctional behaviors have occured with this situation and presents particular signs of acculturation enhanced by a lack of efficiency in the academie system. The schol's failures could be explained by difficulties encountered through the economy's health and a strategie misyakes introced by the governement. The economy being based on petrol. This model privileges the elite educated in occidental school in gaining a certain hegemonia. The arabophone fraction controls the ministries regarded as secondary in a political sense, education, justice, culture and religion therefore a cultural divisions is created and deteriorates into a linguistie ordeal : - the maghreb languages and the tradition; - the occidental languages and the modernity the identity problems related to this situation are persistent. And so the questions to be asked are
Adda, Ali. "Tendances et courants islamiques dans l'Algérie contemporaine." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100066.
Full textThe day after the independance, the islamic climat was divided in two tendencies. The first represant the Stat's officils institutions, one party of whom is the heirs of Ben-Badis. The second, is a islamic groupe of some culemas who work out of stats orders. With this two tendencies we can add a movement of left wing ideas who was stablished during the Ben-Bella mandate, to counter the islamic tendency. But, in the beginning of the 80 years, they were destroyed by the islamics. About this date, Algeria had suddenly to confront a popular contestation against the government in power since the independance it is all dangerous. The power refered to social-religious norms increasing the initial discord against him since 1988 the events grow in scale and prove that the islamic tendence, is not marginal and by ballot box, legitime and majority
Benchohra, Mohammed. "Islam et politique en Algérie : spécificité des rapports entre religion et révolution." Paris, EHESS, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EHES0011.
Full textIslam, as a religion and a way of life is the driving force of the algerian and arabic people. It permeates all thought and is the substance of all ties between civilian life and political power. Islam is the backbone of the whole sociological structure. It is "oikos". Whole facets of political life are thus directed if not by its precise guidelines, at least by its spirit. It is "polis". Algerian society is on the move. This forward movement has been activated by the economic take-off following access to independance. This society has fully entered into an era of uncertainly. In the crisis it is currently going through, feelings are shared more than ever between attraction and repulsion for the occidental way of life. It is moving back and forth between forms of modern and traditional society, emerging as a permanent melting pot of several cultures. Religion becomes rational at times, then rationale in turn is overcome by the most radical expression of faith. "homo islamicus" struggles but shares with "homo economicus". Modernity lives in full contradiction with tradition. One man, but a divided society in starck of an identity vanishing underthe pressure of modern technology, the object of its desires and investments
Fellous, Daniel. "L'État islamique : approche constitutionnelle et politique." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA083093.
Full textThe concept of an Islamic state is a singular product of history : it institutionalizes the religious form of political power. To understand the concept of "Islamic state" in a way as neutral as possible has to choose the method which follows: - the political signification of the constitutional construction has theological depth; knowledge of the islamic word is far from forming a monolithic block; religious implications in legal and political spheres, as in constitutional law in the islamic world must be seen from an impartial point of view
Alaouache, Tarek. "Démocratie, autoritarisme et pouvoir en Algérie : pour une analyse stratégique des rationalités et des champs politiques." Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1227.
Full textThe present thesis seeks to study the foundation and evolution of some third world governements beyond the canonical dialectics of democracy and authoritarianism. To do so, we ought to consider democracy as an ordinary “political technology” with no other prescreptive privilege and no exceptional explanatory aptitude, beside what political militancy and academia are giving to it in regard to the matter. Using the historical exemple of the algerian system of governement, we studied the plasticity of elite selection methods (i. E. Democracy and authoritarianism) from the deeper standpoint of the complex relationships that link a governemental device (whatever could be the system of goals and means it ends up choosing) to the population it seeks to rule. It would be impossible to really understand the historical trajectory of the so called “algerian regime”, if we miss the very rationality that makes him keen to use and modify the changing political methods it employed over the years. The goal was to build a critique to the simplistic approach that institutes democracy and democratization as historical goals or a necessary destiny in themselves for any political group, in order to re-open the discussion on the nature of the “political power” that every society needs to develop to grow and prosper
Cissé, Issa. "Islam et État au Burkina Faso : de 1960 à 1990." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070028.
Full textA long time considered as a stronghold of traditional religion and of christianity, burkina faso (former upper volta) experienced a noticeable evolution of islamic religion during the post colonial period. Muslims, a minority group of about 20% of the population at the beginning of independance, formed in 1962 a single organisation called "the muslims community". In its efforts to spread the islamic religion, this muslims' association profiled by foreign assistance in the field of teaching, mosques building, pilgrimage and religious propaganda thanks to the arab-burkinabe cooperation. Indeed burkina faso started diversifying its foreign relations after the fall of the first president maurice yameogo in 1966 under whom foreign links wer mainly directed towards western countries with the accession of president lamizana to power and the emergence of a continental dynamism favourable to a rapprochement between the arab world and africa. Burkina faso succceeded in establishing relations with some arab countries notably egypt, libya, algeria, saudi arabia and kuwait. These relations between burkina faso and the arab world gradually strengthened with the advent of the various regimes (military recovery committee for national progress, people's salvation council, national council of the revolution) which occurred after the fall of president lamizana in 1980. This gradual strengthening of links was made clear by the desire of each regime to profit by the arab assistance in order to confront economic difficulties which mostly explained the political instability of the country. This gradual strengthening can also be noticeable with the drawing up and the comparison of two arab-burkinabe cooperation assessments, respectively corresponding to the period of lamizana's power and the one of the great political instability between 1980 and 1990
Oukil, Omar. "La privatisation des entreprises publiques en Algérie : état des lieux et perspectives." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30076.
Full textThe theme of the privatization of public enterprises is for a country such as Algeria, a new item regarding means and wealth that this country which is in economy transition holds, a country which is still in search of a quick development while trying to integrate the rules of market economy for a transition to an open economy but, without policy makers show their real Political intentions. In 2007, in his speech, before the elected mayors, President Bouteflika publicly admitted that the state was mistaken in its important Economic choices, referring to the hydrocarbon law. A decline which calls into question the privatization Policy in its entirety. If the market economy first requires compliance with the rules of fair competition with a minimum of openness to the private sector, the case of Algeria in its privatization process refer to a certain number of analysis elements of the economic situation of this country trying to emerge from an economy led by an imposed military and political regime that seeks legitimacy to govern. [...]
El, Safouri Mohamed. "Islam, droit et pouvoir en Egypte." Paris 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA020078.
Full textGuehria, Zineb. "La réalisation des objectifs éducatifs des 1er et 2ème degrès du système d'enseignement public algérien : de l'indépendance à 1980." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H105.
Full textThe research is the adequation of means to aims and the adequation of educational system to social and economic needs of country. Educational aims were : primary education's generalization, teaching on Arabic language, employment of Algerian teachers and technical orientation of students the research is maked on 18 years. The means failed in educational system as they failed in economic development. Therefore social and economic aims and educational system did not succeed. The aims of Algerian development were : foods independence, technological independence, but this development's politic has failed
Elouardighi, Benaïssa. "État, secteur public et rationalité économique au Maroc." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100048.
Full textExisting in an embryonic state before 1912, the public sector in Morocco was instituted and developed by the colonial power. It was extended and diversified under the regime of political independence. Concentrated in the field of infrastracture, the major task of the public companies implanted by the protectorate was to help drain off natural resources towards France - 80% of public investments were poured in infrastracture. Ever since morocco became independent, the development of public companies has witnessed two successive and radical different orientations. A/ during a first phase (1956-1961), priority given by the state to the option favouring self-centred development linking agrarian reform and diversified industrialisation led to public companies being devised as a strategic basis for a national accumulation. B/ in a second phase, inspired since 1963-64 by the international bank for reconstruction and development (IBRD), the reorientation of the development policy in a liberal way, ie extrovert, endowed the public companies with the role of instrument helping the promotion of private initiative and invesments. Despite this liberal orientation, private initiative was either still lacking or confined to speculation activities. Hence the fundamental ambiguity which characterises the relationship between public capital and private capital. The former being devalued and progressively transfered to strenghen the latter. Seen from the angle of structure, organisation, management and profitability of the public companies, our research has revealed the existence of a large variety of statutes, procedures and performances. Successes and failures co-exist. .
Makrerougrass, Abdellah. "Essai critique de la raison théologico-politique à travers l'intentionnalité du langage : le cas de la problèmatique algérienne (textes à l'appui)." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H019.
Full textThe critical test of the theological and political reason can contribut to rectifaly the wrong reading of the coran, that is elaborated from the reception of the romanced political model, paraphrastic of the mohamed's experiens in Medine, cause of the political's reception as the only pratical exempl of the real spirituality why of live. Beside this exessive investissement of + charria ; (islamic juridiction) ; we find an idelogical approche of that reason, substitute for an objective + historicist vision ; , and assert that the experience of mohamed in medine and the salaf's one too (who have coming after mohamed) , during the first thirty years of the hegire, is the model of the political islamic genius, against the supporters of the + separatistical ; thouht, in evident meaning's oppose, of the historical one that attended the islam emergency. Our projet takes into firts of all, the political and religions intentionality of langage, but also the critical analysis whenever the religions is articulated or confused with politic
Salhi, Mohamed Brahim. "Société et religion en Kabylie : 1850-2000." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030132.
Full textThis research is concerned with the relationship between society and religion in Kabylia with reference to the tradional trend and the reformist movement. The study further explores the changes in the areas which fall under the sway of reformist movement. For example, we wanted to question issue of Kabyle éducation in the first half of 20th Century. In this repect, the first thirteen chapters have been extended to two others chapters. These two chapters highlith the political struggles and Identity protest in Kabylia and focus on the intellectual and cultural elites who led them in the period between 1940 and 2001. This additional part is tightly linked to the other chapters as it extends the bounds between local and global issues, involving the crisis of modernity and the effects of modernization, and last, the nature of relationship between individual and his own self. Beside, we wanted to raise and treat the issue of social and political mediations starting from the analyis of recent and recurring protests in Kabylia
Bourenane, Fella. "Syndicat autonome des enseignants du supérieur algériens : entre action localisée et préoccupations nationales." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083173.
Full textThe National council for the teachers of the superior shows that the unionized teacher’s academy became aware of the gap between the waits (expectations) and the real situation in through very mobilizing watchwords. The personal and emotional relations between the members, the sociability, the family transmission, the emotion shared in the mobilization, Cases indeed, can be relegated to the second position, what really motivates the Algerian university teachers amount so: the will of the university teachers to be recognized such of the citizens being able to take part in the process of decision on stakes which concern them directly. This social movement appears to have two particular trajectories, on one side, its institutionalization, that is, this movement moved in a very influential pressure group, on the other hand, the toughening of this last one stresses the militancy at the university teachers. However, this radicality can turn around against its objectives, in other words, he can give opportunities for the other opponents, as the UGTA, or to another autonomous labor union (syndicate), and we quote for title of example, the National Autonome labor union of Staffs of the Algerian Administration. However, this trajectory is possible, in case, the labor-management dialog is begun between these new social actors and the Algerian state, and answer the following question : Until where the minority will make worse the tension's and until where the majority will be calling-up?
Korso, Mohammed El. "Politique et religion en Algérie : l'Islah : ses structures et ses hommes : le cas de l'Association des "Ulama" musulmans algériens en Oranie 1931-1945." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070098.
Full textAinouche, Azzedine. "L'administration française et l'organisation officielle du culte musulman en Algérie coloniale, 1830-1907 : contribution à une étude des rapports Islam et politique en Algérie." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX32035.
Full textIn the spite of the solemn promise made by bourmont at the algiers surrender in july 1830 to respect the property and the religion of the algerian moslems, the french colonial welfare in algeria soon turned to be brutal when dealing with the religions matters of islam (structures and property). Thus, it did not conform to its neutrality as far as religion is concerned. Owing to the fact that the foreign rules ignored the religions structures inherited from the algiers regency, altogether with their unsteady colonial government, the results of revolutionary changes that upset france herself, the french colonial policy in algeria appears to be hesitating. However, it is characterised by an overwhelming tendancy to seize the property called (habus) and the rule over islam in algeria. Very much attached to a religion that ignores any notion of separation from politics moslem people to demonstrate in various ways their hostility to the exactions commited against their cult which passed from relative autonomy (regency period) to absolute subordination to a government that did not share their cread. Yet, the moslems will put up with these conditions, till the disestablishment of the churches act (1907) was pursued by an enactment issued for the purpose of the colony. This measure met with considerable disapproval on behalf of the moslem elites (both religious and political) who endeavoured to entertain relationships in statu-quo with the colonial authorities
Beghdadi, Ymouna. "Politique culturelle patrimoniale de l'Algérie indépendante (1962-2010) : état des lieux, institutionnalisation, pratiques et stratégies." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010587.
Full textAfter the independence, Algeria developed a cultural policy for the overall management of its cultural heritage. An assessment of the former indicated deplorable cultural development conditions which were inherited from the colonial era. A policy of institutionalization of the different aspects of the national heritage was implemented gradually, accompanied by the implementation of important laws. The beginnings of Algerian archeology were characterized by empirical practices that typically arose from the lack of qualified human resources. A special attention was given to the Islamic archeology with regard to the significant delay that occurred in the ancient times. However, the difficulties inherent to the implementation of training, insufficient resources, etc...) have contributed to maintain the development of the heritage sector, unfortunately no to the desired extent. A case study that focuses on two the museums, the archeological museums of Cherchel ; the first site museum is of colonial design and creation and the second one is of an Algerian design. This case study highlights the strategies, approaches and practices of the Algerian museums
Larbaoui, Abderrahim. "Le choix du conjoint à travers les aspirations des jeunes étudiants algériens." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100165.
Full textAbou-Chakra, Wafaa. "Le sermon du vendredi en pays d'Islam : état, structure et fonction : le cas du Liban." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030031.
Full textDjilali, Saiah Ahmed. "Centralité d'un pouvoir éclaté : entre un modernisme inachevé et un traditionalisme impossible." Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090018.
Full textAchour, Nadjib. "Entre tradition et réforme : l'expérience de l'Association des Oulémas dans le département de Constantine (1940-1954)." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070089.
Full textOur work aimed at studying the Algerian Ulamas Association, which was one of the most prominent elements of Algerian nationalism from 1940 to 1954 in Constantine area. The Sheikh Bashir al-Ibrahimi headed the Association in 1940 — succeeding its former leader Sheikh Abdul Hamid Ibn Badis (1889-1940) — and supported a new dynamic that allowed, among other things, the foundation of Ibn Badis Institute and the significant growth of the number of madrasas throughout the region. The purpose of our study was to understand and to shed light on the primary role of the reformist movement and its specificity regarding the political parties. To this end, we first investigated the major players of both religious and political sphere in Constantine. Their personal background, careers as well as their respective position towards the Ulamas Association were highlighted prior to examine the very logic underlying the establishment and the strategy of the islahist trend. In a second step, we analyzed i) the proper ideology of the movement and, ii) the cultural activism that resulted to a Weltanschauung posing the figure of the `Cdim as the unique incumbent detaining the right to "defend the nation". That explicit notion remains a fondamental key to understand the linkage between Islahism and politics. Likewise, we used that notion in order to understand and analyze the endogenous relationships that Ulamas maintained between a culture resulting from the anxiety-provoking colonial context, on one hand, and a millennial rationalized culture, on the other hand
Cognet, Sandra. "Laïcité et services publics : l'intrusion du religieux venu d'ailleurs." Perpignan, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PERP0637.
Full textTedeschi, Monique. "Les politiques de l'islam : islams transnationaux et islams étatiques." Paris 13, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA131042.
Full textCherak, Fatima Zohra. "Anthropologie de "l'exorcisme" en islam : représentations et pratiques de la Rouqya en Algérie, en Egypte et en France." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10087.
Full textBendjillali, Mimoun. "L' Islam en Europe entre sciences éclairées et obscurantisme idéologique." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082501.
Full textJomier, Augustin. "Un réformisme islamique dans l'Algérie coloniale : oulémas ibadites et société du Mzab (c. 1880 - c.1970)." Thesis, Le Mans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEMA3003.
Full textThis thesis explores the issue of Islamic reformism in a colonial context. In order to grasp every dimension of this issue, on a cultural, social and political level, this research considers the transnational phenomenon of reformism at a local scale, from the Mzab region in Southern Algeria, through sources written in Arabic by Ibadi scholars (‘ulāma) and in French by the colonising powers.From the 1920s to the 1960s, Ibadi scholars in the Mzab took over the slogan of Reform (Iṣlāḥ) to make sense of the profound changes affecting the area since the 1880s and its passage under French sovereignty. Through this slogan of reform, those who call themselves “reformists” seize the religious authority and transform it. They redefine Ibadi "orthodoxy" and redraw the boundaries of their community. Studying Algeria through one of its Saharan societies also offers an alternative to the analytical frame of colonial studies. This thesis shows that the people/historical actors circulate and think in different scales, ranging from local, the Mzab valley, to the entire Arabic-speaking and Muslim world. This history doesnot come merely from the interaction with colonialism. It also results from the historical autonomy of the Algerian agents
Al-Rifai͏̈e, Ahmed Basil N. "Le concept d'Umma et le droit international." Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX32001.
Full textIslam give an answeer to the problem of the world organization. It lies in the concept of umma which refer to god and allows an harmonization of human relations. On the contrary, because of the principe of sovereignty, a world of states excludes a hierachic system
Vaudour, Catherine. "L'évolution des pratiques matrimoniales chez les Kel-Ajjer (Sud-Est de l'Algérie) : étude ethnolinguistique d'une alchimie entre tradition et modernité." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0610.
Full textThe rites of marriage are a privileged social time that the ethnolinguist's study takes as a subject of investigation among Tuaregs from ajjer in south east of Algeria. Marriage ceremonies involve a great number of rituals which allows close study of social groupings, in particular the status/position of women. In the Tuareg's culture, a traditional wedding is very expensive for the bridegroom and his family. This situation has produced a new custom; the institution of collective weddings initiated and supported financially by the stae, associations and also by gifts from shopkeepers. However, we observe some traditions remain even with the collective weddings. In this area, muslim religion disrupts the position of women, showing a real change in traditional values. The presentation of social changes allows the showing on the one hand of how a culture adapts to new circumstances, and on the other how some traditions are preserved. The paerticular status of woman who after marriage find themselves alone - widowed or repudiated, or more rarely separated - shows that in Tuareg culture the liberty of woman, usually vouched for in the past, is actually constrained by law and religion in Algerian society
Allami, Noria. "Voilées, dévoilées : la femme algérienne et le dévoilement." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070004.
Full textAmara, Allaoua. "Pouvoir, économie et société dans le Maghreb hammadide (395/1004-547/1152)." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010589.
Full textYousfi, Malika. "Analyse de l'école fondamentale polytechnique en Algérie : attitudes et représentations pédagogiques des enseignants." Rennes 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REN20016.
Full textThe purpose of our research is to contribute to a reflexion on the Algerian fundamental and polytechnic school which is a thorough transformation of the teaching methods in the primary, the middle, and secondary school that have existed up to 1980 : the analysis of this new school is all the more important as its purpose is to be a response to the traditional educational system which was inadequate to the needs and to the major political orientations of the country. The global aires that are sought in this reform are the introduction of a polytechnic teaching, instead of the general one but also the introduction of an active education as it is stipulated in the official papers : the purpose of this pedagogy which is the support of the new system, is to give an important role to the pupil in the teaching act and to reconsider the roles of the teacher. We have decided to study only the ideological pedagogy which was set up by this new system through the representations of the teachers. Indeed, so as to be able to participate to the educational change, the teachers must have had assimilated the new ideology and this assimilation must be reflected on the level of their attitudes as well on the level of the teaching representations towards the pupil. The study of these representations should allow us to know to what extent is the influence of "the official teaching pattern on the representations of the teachers
Bouarouk, Mustapha. "Le mythe de l'État islamique." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100212.
Full textChmani, Malika. "L'Islam et le droit musulman des personnes et de la famille à l'épreuve de l'ordre juridique français." Toulouse 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU10045.
Full textThe Muslim demands for freedom of worship or for taking into consideration some institutions, have led the French legal order to interfere. Islam having vocation to guide the Muslim in their everyday life, had difficulties to set place into the Republic. A distinction took place in the French law between the personal life and the social life of the Moslem. A conception more "closed" of secularism appeared in the public sphere. It cannot bring in question the efforts previously realized in favor of the exercise of the Muslim cult in France. Furthermore, bringing in question the law of December 9th 1905 to take into account the recently appeared religion is not suitable. The existing legal arsenal is sufficient to reach an equalty of cult with other religions. The reception of the Moslem status in France has been very compromised for some years Archaic et discriminatory institutions cannot find any more effects there. The child and the wife, often injured, deserve the protection of the French legal order. The Moslem norm, as a rule applicable standard, is almost systematically evicted for the benefit of the French law. It is advisable to adapt the rule of conflict to the current reality. Joining the law of the environment of reception is thus more convenient
Lamloum, Olfa. "La politique étrangère de la France face à la montée de l'islamisme : Algérie, Tunisie, 1987-1995." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA082001.
Full textArabacı, Fazlı. "L'organisation religieuse dans la Turquie républicaine : Islam officiel et parallèle." Paris, INALCO, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INAL0002.
Full textEl, Gadhafi Hamida. "La protection constitutionnelle des droits de l'Homme dans le monde arabe : étude comparée (Maroc, Algérie, Tunisie, Égypte)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100048.
Full textThe constitutional protection of human rights in the Arab world is based on a complex process of democratization that has accelerated after the Arab Spring of 2011. The emergence of human rights is a strong political project in all the countries that are the subject of our study (Tunisia, Egypt, Algeria, Morocco) and shows us that the democratic concept, in its universalist sense, is not incompatible with Islam. The constitutionalization of human rights remains a major contribution of the constitutionalist movements that have made the constitution a supreme norm of the rule of law. Despite the instrumentalization of constitutions by Arab leaders and the misuse of the state of emergency, we are witnessing the growing role of the constitutional judge in the protection of fundamental freedoms (constitutional control) under the watchful eye of civil society and international community
Kendil, Nadia. "Le thérapeute algérien face au trauma : burnout et apprentissage vicariant." Thesis, Metz, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010METZ013L.
Full textWe decided to study the development of burnout in a group of 105 Algerian therapists (psychiatrists and psychologists) who treated victims of various tragic events that happened in Algeria during the 1990s, in 2001 and in 2003, namely several terrorist attacks, the Boumerdès earthquake, and the flood of Bab-el-Oued. Our initial hypothesis was supported by the fact that therapists and patients coming from the same psycho-social context were both affected psychologically by those events, and that for the therapists, listening empathetically to the horror stories told by their patients could create a vicarious trauma, which is a source of secondary trauma and a factor favorable to a faster occurrence of burnout.In order to investigate the experiences lived by those therapists, we presented them with a 28-question survey to be answered anonymously. We looked for the presence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using clinical criteria referenced in the DSM-IV-TR and the presence of a burnout according to the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). We cross-examined our results with the sex, age, profession and seniority level and by comparing two sub-groups of therapists: those who had been directly exposed to a potentially traumatic event and those who had not. The results demonstrated that almost all the therapists met criteria A and B of the DSM-IV-TR (PTSD). This implies that experiencing – directly or indirectly – a trauma in Algeria, irrelevantly of the violence, the horror and the feelings of helplessness experienced, is likely to lead to symptoms of intrusion. On the other hand, attitudes of avoidance and neuro-vegetative manifestations (criteria C and D of the DSM-IV-TR) were only present for some, representing the result of their distress without however constituting the totality of this distress and the other trying aspects of their experience. These tables of symptoms show a weaker self-fulfillment regarding work and possibly the initial stage of burnout. The survey answers also show that self-dissatisfaction, the desire to give more, and the fear of failure in times of crisis were the main source of anxiety for the Algerian therapists.Criteria such as sex, profession, age and seniority do not correlate significantly with the vulnerability of the therapists exposed to horrific or tragic scenes in the field, nor do they correlate with the results obtained from the MBI. We cannot say the same of the possible emotional releases that the therapists may have expressed while intervening with their traumatized patients: those emotional releases are more present for women than men. In other respects, the vulnerability caused by the trauma is rooted in one’s personality and past experiences. Having directly experienced terrorism, natural catastrophes or other potentially traumatizing events as well as the other mass traumas, does not favor the burnout or the negative self-evaluation through diminished self-accomplishment during the therapists’ interventions. In other respects, therapists who have personally experienced natural catastrophes only seem to be less likely to react by dehumanizing the patient-therapist relationship; sharing the same psycho-social context with their fellow citizens would invite them to show more compassion. It seems obvious that the Algerian therapists did all they could to offer the best of themselves, at the expense of their own experience. They did not allow themselves to give up because of their practitioners’ status. They also found important to contribute to the rebuilding of an entire generation through their empathetic listening and good deeds offered to the victims
Filakota, Richard. "Les associations islamiques et le courant réformiste sunnite au sud du Sahara à la fin du XXe (1980-2000) : le cas du Centrafique." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE5034.
Full textAt the end of the twentieth century, Islamic organisations / associations with national and transnational aims emerged among the traditional religions of sub-Saharan Africa and in the Central African Republic in particular. In light of a weakened confreric Islam and the profound transformations facing the continent, the organisations appear increasingly as a movement of revitalisation, religious resistance, liberation for the individual and the community, an assertion of a cultural and religious identity and increasing participation in public life. Their successful expansion relief on several means of re-islamisation such as communitarism, humanitarian aid, social mobility for example. This thesis aims at presenting this Islamic association movement which fits neither with radical Islam nor confreric Islam
Monjid, Mariam. "L'Islam et la modernité dans le droit de la famille au Maghreb : étude comparative : Algérie, Maroc et Tunisie." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10031.
Full textFamily Law in Maghreb is the stronghold of religion and moral norms. Observation would prove its specific nature. Deeply marqued by Islamic Law, the family Law is controversial. It is a privileged setting for testing the religious law capacity to fit onto modernity. Hence, it is an area of competition for different ideological doctrines with social mating projects. Family Law in Maghreb is often criticised since linked to the woman legal condition. Many challenges are facing it so that modernity is becoming a domestic and international requirement. But modernity is a result of internal changes and sociocultural movements, it should be authentic and legitimate. While choosing different and convergent ways, family law in Maghreb countries is still marked by Islam as religion and value system and there is, indeed, a very important reference to religious norm which is a specific nature of Maghreb's family law. Recent reforms are confirming this fact. Modernization has been a current matter since several years but this result could not be reached to the detriment of the sacral. Compromise seems to be the final solution
Fantelli, Paola. "Rapporti tra stato e islam in Italia alla luce dell'esperienza francese." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA111017.
Full textLantheaume, Françoise. "L'enseignement de l'histoire de la colonisation et de la décolonisation de l'Algérie depuis les années trente : État-nation, identité nationale, critique et valeurs : essai de sociologie du curriculum." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0022.
Full textHaddad, Mouloud. "Les Maîtres de l'heure : moments eschatologiques en islam méditerranéen (1847-1908)." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0149.
Full textThe present thesis is structured around the following hypothesis: during the last quarter of the nineteenth century, in the Mediterranean Islamic world, reigned an "atmosphere" of eschatological messianism blending hope for a messianic Advent and fear of the Doomsday. The first part explores the eschatological fears -Iosing one's the land and losing one's faith - through the Algerian part of our research. The conquest of Algeria was indeed seen by many observers of that time as the privileged scene of a broader struggle between Christianity and Islam. Thus, we will try to understand the process of a real and / or symbolic deprivation - from the defeated point of view since from the conquerors stand point, their victory was not a conquest but a re-conquest of a lost territory - of a portion of the Dâr al-Islam. The fear of losing one's religion on the other hand, simultaneous with the fear of losing one's land, will be raised through the analysis of some more or less utopian projects of conversion of Muslims to Christianity. The second part will be devoted to considering the mystical and political expectation of the Saviour which characterizes the Messianic rime. We will first try to understand how the issue of the religious orders gave birth to the concept of "the friaries danger" carried away by a colonial literature that forged a worrying but also romantic image of the Algerian Master of the Time. Then, travelling from Eastern Mediterranean Sea to South China Sea, we will discuss how the Caliph-Sultan 'Abdul-Hamîd II has been able to attribute to his pan-Islamism many messianic qualities and how, on the other. Hand, Japan, during the era of Emperor Meiji, that defeated Russia in 1905, had been considered as the Saviour of Islam by some pan-Islamist elite which was against 'Abdul-Hamîd II and Westemised. In the third and final part, we will examine two signs that marked the millenarian lime: martyrdom and exile. .
Mahdi, Falih. "Les fondements et les mécanismes de l'état en islam : le cas de l'Irak jusqu'à la fin du 4e -10e siècle." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100177.
Full textWhen dealing with a complex subject such as state in Islam one must shed away prejudices concerning the orient in general, Islam especially. These prejudices which mainly represent the orient in terms of despotism (an absolute master over a group of sheep) had been adopted by the literature concerning the Asiatic mode of production (a. M. P. ). The lack of reference to the background of the Islamic state is a handicap to the understanding of its mechanisms. We have therefore analyzed the Mesopotamian law, Babylonian economy, slavery, the role of the temple, etc. We then examined basic structures within the Islamic domain: jurisprudence (especially the problem of the constitution in the Islamic law), politics (the khilafate theory), administration (the function of the prime minister, the judge and the «market controller"), finally the socio-economic structure (social layers, urban economic activities, merchants, craftsmen, industry, peasants, land and land taxes). We conclude that the a. M. P. Theory is not solid enough to help us understand the mechanisms of the Islamic state and that Ibn Khaldun's theory of the tribal solidarity explains only partially the foundation of the state
Allès, Delphine. "Recomposition des politiques étrangères sous l'effet du facteur religieux : une comparaison des cas indonésien et malaisien." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0038.
Full textThis dissertation addresses the role of religion in international relations. Through an extensive study of the evolution of the international policies of Indonesia and Malaysia since their independence, it looks at the way this factor has been tackled by the successive governments of both states. The proposed approach does not limit itself to government foreign policies: it also looks at the way private religious organizations are organized at the global level, in order to understand their interactions with official policies. The starting point is to consider that foreign policy aims at spreading the national identity vision that is promoted by government elites. The role of religion in foreign policies is therefore closely linked to the position it occupies in the context of the negotiations associated to state building and the construction of a national identity. Facing the religious revival which occurred in Southeast Asia in the 1980s, the relationship between institutions and religion has evolved: Muslim civil societies have become more closely associated to a global Muslim community, which has prompted both governments to react to crises which did not previously seem to concern them directly. Religion however constitutes a factor which it is difficult to integrate in a coherent way to a national policy, since it cannot be reduced to compromises linked to national interest. It is partly in order to overturn this difficulty that governments have been inclined to externalize some religious aspects of their international policies, delegating to private economic or social actors the responsibility of their religious international projection
Kane, Ismaïla. "État et minorités religieuses: les représentations des catholiques au Burkina Faso et au Sénégal." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33127.
Full textAit, M'Barek Abbes. "Islam et société : questions contemporaines et enjeux européens." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20068.
Full textSecularism should, intrinsically, be linked on one hand, to the Secularization of minds and attitudes, institutions and Governments, laws and law, and on the other hand, democratic pluralism and a State guarantee of freedoms and human rights. How does contemporary Islam face the separation of religion and politics? I set out through this research to put myself a little bit upstream of scholarly Islamic thought and fundamentalist doctrines, in relation with critical thinking and the stakes of modernity, secularism and secularization. Well beyond the contemporary reformist thinking, which apply to a rereading of Islam’s founding texts to reshape the jurisprudence in order to create a link between tradition and modern society, well beyond the emergence of the Sufi thought secularity, more oriented towards interior freedom, fraternity, accepting difference and love, also beyond the exegesis of the scriptural sources of Muslim orthodoxy, it’s necessary to go back in Islamic time in order to see how the Arab-Muslim heritage is examined to identify the authenticity or at least “the historiographically correct” in all stereotypes, caricatures and secular distortion : either by analyzing how some historians have interfered, without any inhibitions, in “writing and history” like Alfred-Louis de Prémare, so as to measure the gaps where you can find distortions because modernity, which means innovation or cumulative change self-generated, is determined by the historical initiative. Or by reviewing the position of some contemporary Muslim thinkers faced with the question about the foundations of Islam or the Quranic exegesis “al-nāsiḫ” and “al mansūḫ”, or finally by reelaborating the fiqh. Deconstruction will be previous, complete and external, or internal and partial, depending on whether one ruins or performs a simple analysis. The requirement of historicity and rationality is such as "however significant the sample of interpretations ancient or modern is, reference Koranic texts about the important issues found in today’s society, extremely repetitive from one author to another through the centuries, whether it be the dominant theological-legal Tradition, from which we extract the Koran comments", it requires a constant effort "in front of a formidable responsibility that requires thinking about life differently and make decisions despite of the undecidable by inventing new lights in political and technical conditions fully renewed ", to quote Marc Goldschmit in his definition of deconstruction
Ahmadi, Nassr. "Sociologie politique de la Révolution iranienne." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H087.
Full textI began in 1990 for my doctorate in political sociology at the university of Sorbonne-France. The thesis starts with a short introduction, then it is divided in three parts which consist of ten chapters that sum up to 576 pages. The entire research is summed in a conclusive section, and the end the reference is dated. Then the doctrine of the Islamic regime and its campaign against the Iranian values socials is considered. The thesis provides the study of spread and expansion of the revolution through socio-political campaign against the united states, destruction of the Israel, and the settlement of Islamic regimes in the region, dictated by the doctrine of the Iranian Islamic regime, and the effort for the propose of unification of the society in accordance to the Shiite sect. The resulting transition of society and its class structures along with the elements inherited by the revolution are also studied. Relations of the government with religious minorities, the Islamic states and the occident is assessed. The connection an the distance between the society and the government is rationalized. Finally the society's expectations and its dream is described
Sami, Abdelhakim. "Étude des partis politiques depuis la tentative d’ouverture démocratique en Algérie (1989-2014)." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2012.
Full textThis thesis deals with the partisan phenomenon since the attempt of opening the political field in 1989 in Algeria. It tries to understand the functioning of the Algerian political parties, their structural organization, their mission and their role in political competition in order to conquer power through elections. Although the openness to pluralism (1989-1992) produced political opportunities benefited particular by the FIS Islamists, the interruption of the electoral process in 1992 led to the re-closure of the political field and to a political crisis (after the dissolution of the FIS) leading to armed conflict (between the State and the FIS). The failure of the democratic transition is explained by the nature of the Algerian political system, which is incompatible with the parties. This reduces the parties to devices to the benefit of the political system, in particular since the arrival of Abdelaziz Bouteflika to the presidency (1999). This study therefore proposes a socio-political analysis of the elections since 1989 in Algeria, which made it possible to explain the electoral behavior, the political commitment, and the trajectories of the militants. It also permitted to grasp the representations linked in particular to the history of Algeria, the nature of its political system, socialization, the family, the region of residence, and so on. The study of the Algerian parties combines three levels of analysis: first at the macro level, the parties’ environment (including political culture, administration, electoral system, political stakes, etc.) constitutes an obstacle to their democratic evolution. At the micro- and meso-level, the analysis focuses on the attitudes and behavior of citizens, activists and voters, while taking into consideration their family, friends, and the ambivalent (mobilizing and demobilizing) role of parties