Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Islam européen / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Islam européen.

Journal articles on the topic 'Islam européen'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Islam européen.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Amghar, Samir. "Les Ahbâch, ou le nouvel islam européen." Politique étrangère Automne, no. 3 (2007): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pe.073.0605.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Bentounes, Cheikh Khaled, and Mohammed Habib Samrakandi. "Spiritualité et citoyenneté vers un islam européen. Entretien avec Cheikh Khaled Bentounès." Horizons Maghrébins - Le droit à la mémoire 47, no. 1 (2002): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/horma.2002.2080.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Tietze, Nikola. "Felice Dassetto (éd.), Paroles d’islam. Individus, sociétés et discours dans l’islam européen contemporain. Islamic Words. Individuals, Societies and Discourse in Contemporary European Islam." Archives de sciences sociales des religions, no. 124 (October 1, 2003): 63–170. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/assr.1900.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Riexinger, Martin. "Paroles d’ islam: individus, sociétiés et discours dans l’Islam européen contemporain/Islamic Words: Individuals, Societies and Discourse in Contemporary European Islam, dirigé par/directed by Felice Dassetto. 316 pages, Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose, 2000. €33.54 (Paper) ISBN 2-7068-1437-3." Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 36, no. 2 (2003): 223–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026318400045004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Zasuń, Anna. "Islam in Europe or “European Islam”? Selected aspects of Muslim presence in Europe." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego. Acta Politica 43 (2018): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/ap.2018.43-03.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Chazbijewicz, Selim, Arkadiusz Żukowski, and Zhetpisbay Bekbolatuly. "Historical and cultural message of Islam and Europe." Eurasian Journal of Religious studies 15, no. 3 (2018): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/ejrs-2018-3-180.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Abu-Rab?, Ibrahim M. "ISLAM IN EUROPEAN THOUGHT.." Muslim World 83, no. 3-4 (1993): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.1993.tb03582.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Landau, Jacob M. "Islam in European thought." History of European Ideas 14, no. 6 (1992): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-6599(92)90171-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Kharipova, Z. F. "The History of Tatar European Islam: Islam and Liberalism." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 31 (2020): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2020.31.101.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Hill, Mark. "Islam in the European Union." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 6, no. 30 (2002): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x00004488.

Full text

Abstract:

The European Consortium for Church and State Research was established in 1989 and has its headquarters at the Istitutio di Diritto Internazionale of the University of Milan. Professor David McClean. who since its inception has occupied the place reserved for the United Kingdom, set out the background to the formation of the Consortium in his paper, European perspectives on Ecclesiastical Law and Religious Education (1990) 2 Ecc LJ 23–27. Since then the Consortium has met annually and considered a broad range of subjects concerning relations between states and relirious denominations in Europe

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Goddard, Hugh. "Islam and the European Union." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 9, no. 2 (2007): 233–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x0700049x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

MOTADEL, DAVID. "ISLAM AND THE EUROPEAN EMPIRES." Historical Journal 55, no. 3 (2012): 831–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x12000325.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTThis essay surveys literature on the engagement of different European empires, including the French, British, Dutch, Russian, and German, with Islam. While the history of Islam and empire has attracted the attention of scholars for decades, most of their studies have been written primarily as contributions to the historiography of a specific empire or a distinct geographic region and rarely refer to research on other imperial powers, even though the questions and themes raised are remarkably similar. The article brings together these studies, exploring the following topics: Islam and i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Tibi, Bassam. "Islam and Modern European Ideologies." International Journal of Middle East Studies 18, no. 1 (1986): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800030191.

Full text

Abstract:

Islam is a faith as well as a cultural commitment. Whether Islam also provides a framework of political ideology is still questionable. Some sociologists employ the notion “the politicization of the sacred” to depict this claim. Ideology is a very modern notion that Muslim thinkers have adopted from Western culture. The suggestion of the Moroccan philosopher Lahbabi, at a conference of C.E.R.E.S., that the arabized term “fikrologia” be employed as a substitute for “ideology,” (in Arbaic: al-ideologiyya) nevertheless does not change this situation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Gole, N. "Islam Resetting the European Agenda?" Public Culture 18, no. 1 (2006): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/08992363-18-1-11.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Weller, R. Charles. "Islam and the European Empires." Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 28, no. 1 (2017): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2017.1281516.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Abbas, Tahir. "Determining a Newfound European Islam." International Journal of Public Theology 10, no. 3 (2016): 324–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-12341448.

Full text

Abstract:

This article explores the implications of the Charlie Hebdo attacks for Muslims in Europe already experiencing a whole host of challenges in relation to the securitisation of integration, Islamophobia, and political and economic marginalisation. It is argued that while the incident appreciably dented the relationship between Muslims and the French state, the events have wider implications for Muslims across Western Europe regarding acceptance, tolerance and equality. It places pressures on both the Muslims in Western Europe, and the states in which they reside, to draw inwards, narrowing the t

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

RAMADAN, TARIQ. "Islam Is a European Religion." New Perspectives Quarterly 27, no. 2 (2010): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5842.2010.01160.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Kochubey, Yu M. ""European Islam" or "Islam in Europe": two concepts in the context of European integration." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 37 (December 6, 2005): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2006.37.1700.

Full text

Abstract:

Speaking of Islam or Muslims, they have long been known in Western Europe, starting with the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, the Mediterranean, the Battle of Guiatti. Later, there were the Crusades, the expansion of the Ottomans in the Balkans and Central Europe, the North African corsairs, and the colonial expansion of Europeans on Muslim land, in particular, under the Ottoman Empire.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Houot, Sandra. "Numérique et islam connectés des internautes européens." Journal des anthropologues, no. 146-147 (November 15, 2016): 179–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/jda.6529.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Senyushkina, T. O. "Modern Islam: European and Ukrainian Dimension." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 31-32 (November 9, 2004): 142–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2004.31-32.1543.

Full text

Abstract:

In the world today, over a billion believers consider themselves Muslim. Of these, more than two-thirds live in Asia, almost 30% in Africa. Of the more than 120 countries in which Muslim communities operate, 35 of them are from all North Africa, Western Asia (except Cyprus, Lebanon and Israel), as well as in countries such as Senegal, Gambia, Nigeria, Somalia, Afghanistan , Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indonesia, Muslims make up the majority of the population - over 80%.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Al-Azmeh, Aziz. "Islam in European Thought. Albert Hourani." Journal of Religion 72, no. 4 (1992): 621–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/489023.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Khalidi, Rashid. "Islam in European Thought. Albert Hourani." Journal of Modern History 67, no. 1 (1995): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/245019.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Roussillon, Alain. "«"Islam d'Europe" ou "Musulmans européens" : reconduire l'exception musulmane ?»." CEMOTI 34, no. 1 (2002): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/cemot.2002.1671.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

ROUSSILLON, Alain. "`Islam d'Europe' ou `musulmans européens'. Reconduire l'exception musulmane ?" CEMOTI, no. 34 (June 1, 2002): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/cemoti.756.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Sahin, Emrah. "Localizing Islam in Europe." American Journal of Islam and Society 30, no. 2 (2013): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v30i2.1135.

Full text

Abstract:

During April 2012, Salafi Muslims in Germany launched a Qur’an giveawayprogram to save non-Muslims from hell. Soon after, public debates emergedin the national media concerning broader Muslim transgressions in Europe.Especially the Turks, 3 million strong and two-thirds of Germany’s Muslimsaccording to the Federal Migration and Refugees Office, underwent furtherscrutiny. The August 17, 2012, issue of the popular news magazine Der Spiegelposited why Turkish Muslims escaped the backlash against Islamist radicalismthis time: Despite their proud Muslim identity, Turks living in Europe yearn tobe i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Daun, Holger. "Islam, Christianity and Secularism in European Education." Policy Futures in Education 6, no. 6 (2008): 730–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2008.6.6.730.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Karagiannis, Emmanuel. "European Converts to Islam: Mechanisms of Radicalization." Politics, Religion & Ideology 13, no. 1 (2012): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21567689.2012.659495.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Hewer, Christopher. "Iranian Islam in dialogue with European Christianity." Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 3, no. 2 (1992): 304–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09596419208720987.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Naguib, Saphinaz-Amal. "New Frames to Islam in European Museums." Material Religion 15, no. 3 (2019): 376–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17432200.2019.1572362.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Hofmann, M. W. "Review: Perceptions of Islam in European Writings." Journal of Islamic Studies 16, no. 1 (2005): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jis/16.1.130.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Nielsen, Jorgen S. "New Centres and Peripheries in European Islam?" Mediterranean Politics 7, no. 3 (2002): 64–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629390207030006.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Watson, William E. "Saracens: Islam in the Medieval European Imagination." History: Reviews of New Books 31, no. 1 (2002): 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2002.10526332.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Sunier, Thijl. "Domesticating Islam: exploring academic knowledge production on Islam and Muslims in European societies." Ethnic and Racial Studies 37, no. 6 (2012): 1138–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2012.753151.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Chestnutt, Glenn. "Reformation and Islam." Journal of the Council for Research on Religion 1, no. 2 (2020): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/jcreor.v1i2.26.

Full text

Abstract:

This article investigates the use of Barth’s understanding of the “Just State” to see how contemporary Western society can accommodate religious pluralism, so that communities of different religious beliefs can strive towards a society which does not simply tolerate one another but finds a way to come together to cohabitate and create an egalitarian and just society for all. The article will attempt to bring into discussion Karl Barth, a twentieth century theologian, Tariq Ramadan, a leading European Muslim scholar and Ali Gomaa, the Egyptian former Grand Mufti, with the scope of demonstrating

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Creutz-Kämppi, Karin. "The Othering of Islam in a European Context." Nordicom Review 29, no. 2 (2008): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0192.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Media representations of Islam mostly appear in the Finnish media in connection with events in other parts of the world. In this context, Islam is often treated as something distant and ascribed the role of the Other. These representations function as definers for collective categorizations, having an impact on which categories for self-identifications are relevant in specific cases. The aim of the present article is to discuss othering discourses on Islam in Swedish-language dailies in Finland on the basis of the debate following the cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad. These discourses

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Roy, Olivier. "Europe's Response to Radical Islam." Current History 104, no. 685 (2005): 360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2005.104.685.360.

Full text

Abstract:

The challenge is not to go at the roots of terrorism, as European government spokespeople never tire of saying…. The challenge is to prevent the radical fringe from finding a broad political base among the local Muslim population.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Berger, Maurits S. "The Third Wave: Islamization of Europe, or Europanization of Islam?" Journal of Muslims in Europe 2, no. 2 (2013): 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22117954-12341260.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract To understand the concerns and issues related to Muslims and Islam in Europe, this article makes use of a framework that qualifies ‘Islam’ as two manifestations of ‘physical’ and ‘virtual’ Islam and ‘Europe’ as two discourses defined as the political-legal and cultural-religious discourse. The resulting matrix of these four dimensions will be applied to several of the main issues of the interaction between Islam and Europe: the numerical presence of Muslims, their visibility, the legacy of centuries of European-Islamic interaction, and the (in)compatibility of Islamic and European val

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Grančayová, Michaela, and Aliaksei Kazharski. "‘The Slovakebab’: Anti-Islam Agenda in Slovak Parliamentary Elections and Beyond." Politologický časopis - Czech Journal of Political Science 27, no. 3 (2020): 259–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/pc2020-3-259.

Full text

Abstract:

The article examines discursive framing of Muslims during the 2020 Slovak parliamentary campaign, putting it in the broader context of the four-year period since the previous 2016 elections, which took place in the shadow of the European migration crisis. We adopt a social constructivist framework to argue that, despite very low numbers of Muslims in Slovakia, Islam remains a politically divisive issue. Competing discourses strive to redefine Islam for their own political purposes, making use of politicized symbols such as the ‘kebab’ or the ‘minaret’ in the process. This makes Islam a floatin

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Gilliat-Ray, Sophie. "Muslim Europe or Euro-Islam." American Journal of Islam and Society 20, no. 2 (2003): 130–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v20i2.1865.

Full text

Abstract:

The chapters comprising this volume arise out of a conference held in 1998:"Islam and the Changing fdentity of Europe." The conference organizers,frustrated with what they regarded as the insular nature of European andMiddle Eastern area studies research, wanted to examine Islamic identityand citizenship from a broader interdisciplinary perspective. This volumetherefore brings together specialist contributors from the social sciences,political science, Middle Eastern studies, and international relations, toname just some of the disciplines represented.The editors set the scene by exploring cha

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Cesari, Jocelyne. "Securitization of Islam in Europe." DIE WELT DES ISLAMS 52, no. 3-4 (2012): 430–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700607-201200a8.

Full text

Abstract:

This article analyzes the political consequences of the “War on Terror” on the status of Islam in European public spaces, especially restriction of religious activities and practices. These restrictions are interpreted as the outcomes of a securitzation process, constructing Islam as an existential threat that requires extraordinary and emergency procedures outside the bounds of regular political procedure.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Ourghi, Mariella. "Tariq Ramadan: From a Mere Co-Existence to an Authentic Contribution of Europe's Muslims." Journal of Religion in Europe 3, no. 2 (2010): 285–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187489210x501545.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractTariq Ramadan, one of the most famous European Muslim thinkers, seeks to re-interpret Qur'an and Sunna and to create a European Islam, which can be harmonised with the principles of secular states. He is not an undisputed figure; to some he is an outstanding reformer whereas to others he is devious in favour of Islamist currents. His most innovative contribution is his concept of dār ashshahāda which leaves behind the confrontational notion of dār al-islām and dār al-harb. Thus, he judges European societies as legitimate places of living for Muslims. He emphasises the peaceful aspects

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Bastoszewicz, Monika Gabriela. "The 'White Army of Terror': European Converts to Islam and Public Imagination." ICR Journal 6, no. 1 (2015): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v6i1.354.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper focuses on the representation of European converts to Islam in the public imagination. Firstly, the theoretical grounds for representations of converts in public imagination are identified and media images of converts involved in political violence are presented. The second part of the paper discusses the three prevailing motifs pertaining to European converts to Islam within the context of political violence. The Young and Angry, Swift and Deadly, and Gullible and/or Brainwashed motifs present in public imagination, and ubiquitous in the media and pop culture, are often mimicked in

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Abulafia, David. "Islam in the History of Early Europe." Itinerario 20, no. 3 (1996): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300003958.

Full text

Abstract:

Virtually every account of European history after the fall of the Roman Empire identifies ‘Europe’ with Christian civilisation, echoing, consciously or otherwise, the universalist claims of the Byzantine emperors, the popes and the western Roman emperors. Yet it is also the case that Islam possessed a European presence from the eighth century onwards, first of all in Spain and the Mediterranean islands, and later, from the mid-fourteenth century, in the Balkans, where the Turks were able rapidly to establish an empire which directly threatened Hungary and Austria. The lands ruled by Islam on t

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Mavelli, Luca. "Political Church, Procedural Europe, and the Creation of the Islamic Other." Journal of Religion in Europe 1, no. 3 (2008): 273–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187489208x336542.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractTaking the cue from the controversial speech of Pope Benedict XVI at the University of Regensburg in 2006, this paper explores the connection between the apparently divergent positions taken by the Catholic Church and the European secular establishment on the question of European identity and Islam. The argument is advanced that the proceduralism of the European secular establishment contributes to breed its nemesis, a conservative politicised church, but also converges with it in identifying Islam as 'the Other.' It is thus asked whether a critical valorisation of Europe's emotional a

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Malik, Anas. "Transnational Political Islam." American Journal of Islam and Society 22, no. 2 (2005): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v22i2.1712.

Full text

Abstract:

Amid the escalating conflicts and polarizations separating “Muslim” from“Westerner,” the book under review is a helpful contribution to the academicand policy literature. Prominent anti-immigrant right-wing movements,such as those led by Pim Fortyn (the Netherlands) and Jean-Marie Le Pen(France), have seen their perspectives enter and influence mainstream politics.Recently, Dutch movie director Theo van Gogh was murdered by aMuslim on the grounds that he had demeaned Islam. Demonstrations againstthe brutal murder and attacks on Muslim institutions followed. The alreadyoverheatedclimate of anta

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Nirenberg, David. "Islam and the West: Two Dialectical Fantasies." Journal of Religion in Europe 1, no. 1 (2008): 3–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187489208x285459.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThis article discusses two prominent and seemingly very different schools of thought about the historical relationship of the West to Islam—the first of which we might call a 'clash of civilizations' and the second an 'alliance'—in order to show the common roots of both in Christian dialectics. As an example of the first school, the article focuses on Pope Benedict XVI's 2006 Regensburg lecture on the European synthesis of 'faith' and 'reason,' with its attempt to define Islam as a religion of faith and not of reason. As an example of the second, it focuses on five centuries of Europea

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Basrowi and Ajat Sudrajat. "ISLAM AND EUROPEAN FEUDALISM IN THE MID-CENTURY." Historia: Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah 11, no. 1 (2018): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/historia.v11i1.12134.

Full text

Abstract:

This article was aimed to study the development of European Feudalism within the Mid Century. From the existing sources, it was found that as Muslim dominated Mediterranean Sea in the 8th A.D., European economy drastically declined. Moreover, it was said that the economy was near dead. The fall of trade and commerce within the continent had pushed Europe to use land as their source of life again. It is that within this situation, the feudalism found its way. The situation in Europe was changing within the 11th century, i.e. when the trade and commerce were awakening and the markets as well as

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Ghazanfar, SM. "Civilization Connections: Early Islam and Latin-European Renaissance." Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization 01, no. 02 (2011): 01–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jitc.12.01.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Radeljić, Branislav. "Islam in European Union: Key Issues and Debates." Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization 01, no. 02 (2011): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jitc.12.05.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Hjelm, Titus. "Introduction: Islam and Muslims in European News Media." Journal of Religion in Europe 5, no. 2 (2012): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187489212x639163.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!