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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Islam in West Africa'
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Shehu, Halima. "Women, Islam and tradition in the West African novel." Thesis, University of Kent, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418542.
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Berndt, Jeremy. "Usman dan Fodio's Ifḥām al-munkirīn: modes of religious authority in Islamic West Africa." Thesis, Boston University, 1998. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/27595.
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Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses.PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
2031-01-02
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Crawford, Malachi D. "Bilalian news and the world community of Al-Islam in the west /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1418011.
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Holm, Filip. "Sounds of Mouridism : A study on the use of music and sound in the Mouridiyya." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för historia och samtidsstudier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30606.
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The use of music in religious traditions is a complicated subject. Some say it doesn’t have any place in religion while others see it as an essential part of their spiritual life. How one defines music, and indeed religion, can differ greatly but both of these have played an enormous role in our world both historically and today. The relationship between these two subjects is the focus of this study. I aim to analyze how music and sound is used within the Mouridiyya, a Sufi order based mainly in Western Africa, as a religious practice and in what way different forms of music is a way for Mourids in Sweden to connect with their native culture and religion in a society that is in many ways very different. The study is based on interviews and field observations and will explore themes like music as transcendence, the contents of the music, attitudes toward “secular” or more popular, contemporary forms of music as well as gender roles and segregation. I have visited one Mourid group in Stockholm and the study will be based entirely on them. To say something more general about Mouridism or Sufism are generalizations I am not prepared to make, but some of the findings do open up for these kinds of discussions and hopefully this will be but one small step into a fairly uncharted academic field of “religious music”.
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Williams, Corey L. "Interreligious encounter in a West African city : a study of multiple religious belonging and identity among the Yorùbá of Ogbómòsó, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21043.
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The details of encounters between religious groups in multireligious African contexts and the intricacies of living, belonging, and identifying within such milieux have hardly been explored. In Yorùbáland, the cultural region of the Yorùbá people—and the geographic context of this thesis—the fine grain and vast array of possibilities of interreligious encounter between Christians, Muslims, and adherents of African Indigenous Religions remains largely undocumented in terms of detailed, quality accounts. While most regions of West Africa and even Nigeria exist with a dominant religious tradition, Yorùbáland is a microcosm of the wider region’s multireligious composition, with Christianity, Islam, and African Indigenous Religions all playing prominent roles. The Yorùbá ‘spirit of accommodation’, a phrase often used to describe how Yorùbá culture not only tolerates, but also embeds and synthesises the religious ‘Other’, has created a unique multireligious environ and is undoubtedly one of the optimum contexts in the world to study interreligious encounter within a single ethnolinguistic area. Comprised of fieldwork and research conducted from 2009-2014, this thesis works toward addressing the aforementioned gap in scholarship with two ethnographic case studies of people who simultaneously belong and/or identify with multiple religious groups and traditions in the predominantly Yorùbá city of Ogbómòsó, Nigeria. The first case study examines a new religious group known as the Ogbómòsó Society of Chrislam (OSC). Interreligious encounter in this instance features a group that intentionally combines elements from Christian, Muslim, and indigenous Yorùbá religious traditions, creating dynamic examples of multiple religious belongings and identities. The second case study examines multiple religious belonging and identity at the annual Ogbómòsó Egúngún festival. Interreligious encounter in this instance features 12 individual narrative accounts focusing on each individual’s religious belonging and identity throughout key points in their life. Beyond its important ethnographical contributions, the thesis offers methodological and theoretical insight into approaching religious belonging and identity as complex and fluid processes, rather than static and singular events. It argues that approaches that only allow for the possibility of classifying people in single, discrete categories masks the varied, dynamic, and complex belongings and identities of people in the lived world, many of who live across and within multiple religious groups and traditions.
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Kelly, Kristyn Elizabeth. "The Clash of Islam with the West?" Thesis, Boston College, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/660.
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Thesis advisor: Paul T. ChristensenThe terms “jihad” and “Islamic fundamentalism” appear to dominate world news today. After the September 11th terrorist attacks, people began to wonder if the world of Islam and the world of the West were diametrically opposed and thus doomed to collide. In this thesis I study the work of Samuel Huntington, the leading theorist on the clash between Islam and the West, and his critics. Through case studies of Algeria, Indonesia and Lebanon, all predominantly Muslim countries, I argue that there is not a fundamental clash between these cultures. The conflict that is occurring today is a result of factors such as US foreign policy decisions, and not an existential culture clash
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2004
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Political Science
Discipline: College Honors Program
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Haroun, Mohammed Mahjoub. "Social representation of Islam in the West : three British studies." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1997. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2459/.
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This study explores social representations of Islam in the West, with the empirical inquiry focused on Britain. Drawing on Said's critique of Orientalism, treated as a Western representation of Islam, the author establishes a clear distinction between Islam and its representations in the West. Said's analysis of Orientalism is related, by the author, to Moscovici's theory of social representations. Islam is dealt with in terms of cultural otherness. Culture, both as a dynamic and a heterogeneous social phenomenon, is reinstated, by reference back to Durkheim's collective representations, as an integral component of Moscovici's theory. The author investigates social representations of Islam in Britain by means of three empirical studies: (1) a participant observational study of the British security establishment in relation to interrogation by Scotland Yard of a suspect terrorist; (2) a content analysis of nine popular and quality national newspapers for the whole of 1989 in relation to the Rushdie Affair; and (3) group discussions involving members of the community at a University of London college. Representations of Islam are sought in (i) the interrogation; (ii) letters to the editors of various newspapers; and (iii) the discussion of groups considered as thinking societies in miniature. In accordance with the findings of the three empirical studies Islam is, largely, represented as a fundamentalist phenomenon. Aspects of culture such as individualism and secularism are instrumental in shaping Western representations of Islam. Results also indicate that the structure of representations of Islam persist even though the contents of those representations and the thinking societies which produce them keep changing. The media play a powerful role in generating representations of Islam. Power, like culture, also structures the social representations of Islam in the West. Culture requires the adoption of more appropriate methods of investigation, while power needs operationalisation. The study of social representations of cultural otherness remains virtually unexplored terrain.
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Olsson, Susanne. "Islam and the West in the ideology of Ḥasan Ḥanafī /." Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41085458w.
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Nereid, Camilla Trud. "The Turkish Identity Politics of Modernization: Islam and the West." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for historie og klassiske fag, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15741.
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Perchard, Adam Glyn Kim. ""The battle for the Enlightenment" : Rushdie, Islam, and the West." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9034/.
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In the years following the proclamation of the fatwa against him, Salman Rushdie has come to view the conflict of the Rushdie Affair not only in terms of a struggle between “Islam” and “the West”, but in terms of a “battle for the Enlightenment”. This polarised worldview uses an unhistorical idea of the European Enlightenment – often invoked with reference to Voltaire – to equate the West with freedom of speech, secularism, progress, reason, disputation, and literariness, and the Islamic East with despotism, oppression, fanaticism, stasis, and silence. Rushdie’s construction of himself as an Enlightened war-leader in the battle for a divided world has proved difficult for many critics to reconcile with the Rushdie who advocates “mongrelization” as a form of life-giving cultural hybridity. This study suggests that these two Rushdies, the Rushdie of the joined-up world, and the Rushdie of the divided globe, have been in dialogue since long before the fatwa. It also suggests that, beyond the brash invocations of Enlightenment which have followed the fatwa and 9/11, eighteenth-century modes of writing and thinking about, and with, the Islamic East are far more integral to the literary worlds of Rushdie’s novels than has previously been realised. This thesis maps patterns of rupture and of convergence between representations of the figures of the Islamic despot and the Muslim woman in Shame, The Satanic Verses, and Haroun and the Sea of Stories, and the changing ways in which these figures were instrumentalised in eighteenth-century European literatures. Arguing that many of the harmful binaries that mark the way Rushdie and others think about Islam and the West hardened in the late eighteenth century, this study folds into the fable of the fatwa an account of European literary engagements with the Islamic world in the earlier part of the eighteenth century. Through the analysis of texts including the Arabian Nights and Montesquieu’s Persian Letters, I suggest that this was a time when the literary orient functioned as a space in which to explore European despotisms and female empowerment as well as what Rushdie terms “eastern unfreedoms”. By complicating Rushdie’s monolithic Enlightenment with accounts of plural eighteenth centuries, Wests, and Islams, this thesis writes against the discourses of cultural incommensurability emblematised and catalysed by the Rushdie Affair.
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Astuti, Ade. "Islam vs. the West : a war in and outside the battlefield /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422909.
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Çarmikli, Eyup Sabri. "Caught between Islam and the West : secularism in the Kemalist discourse." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2011. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/90126/caught-between-islam-and-the-west-secularism-in-the-kemalist-discourse.
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This thesis identifies the defining signifiers for the Kemalist discourse as the West and Islam. Kemalism mainly related to the West through the hegemonic discourse of Orientalism, and the Kemalist attitude towards Islam was characterised by its peculiar brand of secularism. Orientalism portrayed the East as irrational in all aspects of the economic, political and social realms. In contrast the West was rational, enlightened, scientific, determined to keep its destiny at its hands, hardworking, honest, and efficient. There was an essential difference between the two realms, which prevented the East to progress. The numerous aspects of the West-East dichotomy are investigated in detail by utilising a number of Western sources including newspaper stories, travel accounts, and diplomatic correspondence and a plethora of Kemalist texts. The documentary analysis in the thesis is based on original research. The Orientalist view even prescribed a recipe for Turkey’s progress, and Kemalism is defined in the thesis as a discourse whıch argues that Turkey must adopt Western civilization in its totality, including music, dress, alphabet, etc, and completely erase its past as symbolized by Islam. The Kemalist reform agenda amounted to a utopia, to transform Turkey in such a radical manner that Turkey would appear indistinguishable from the West, in its script, dress, music, political organisation, etc. However, this meant a total re-activation o f t he ‘ the s ocial’ i n T urkey a nd everything becoming part of ‘the political.’ But then, Kemalism never acknowledged the antagonistic and conflictual nature of the political. The relationship between ‘Kemalism and Orientalism’ and that between ‘Kemalism and secularism’ have been studied by various authors, however the originality of this work lies in its emphasis on the relationship between ‘the social’ and the political,’ and its careful analysis on the total re-activation of the social through the Kemalist reforms. In its ambitious project, Kemalism regarded Islam, which represented the Ottoman Turkish tradition, as the ‘main problem’ with the potential to nurture formidable opposition. Hence, Kemalist secularism was first and foremost an attack against Islam. Secularism, supported by a strong belief on the power of science and rationality to organise human life, and a strong aversion towards the religious and the traditional, was the central pillar of Kemalism. The thesis shows how Kemalism was caught between Islam and the West, and argues that secularism is the most important aspect of Kemalism, because Kemalism is an ‘Orientalism from within.’
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Mero, Samantha A. "Language diversity in Guinea, West Africa." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000868.
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Lutz, Alexandra. "Groundwater resource sustainability in West Africa." abstract only (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3275835.
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Al-Hajri, Yasir Khalfan. "Quantifying cenozoic epeirogeny of West Africa." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614239.
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Cliff-Eribo, Kennedy O. "Adverse drug reactions in West Africa." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31289/.
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Adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports of countries varies due to differences in the prevalence of diseases and hence the types of drugs used. ADRs are a major health and economic burden worldwide. National health authorities monitor the safety of medicines to protect consumers from the hazards of drugs. ADR databases are also maintained from where reports are regularly evaluated to detect signals of new ADRs and determine the increase of those already known. A review of paediatric and general population studies conducted on ADRs from national ADR databases was carried out. The majority of studies identified were from countries in Europe and North America, and only one study on the general population was conducted from the Ethiopian ADR database in Africa. No paediatric study was identified in Africa. Skin reactions associated with antiretroviral drugs were the most frequent ADRs in the study conducted from the Ethiopian ADR database. Anti-infective agents, mostly vaccines, were mostly associated with the ADRs in children in Europe and Latin America, and drugs used for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) were implicated with the ADRs reported for children in North America. The ADR databases of Ghana and Nigeria were analysed to evaluate the ADRs reported for children and adults. The fatalities reported and the associated drugs in the two databases were also evaluated. The ADR reporting rates for children and the general population in Ghana and Nigeria were lower than the corresponding rates observed in the review. The majority of the ADRs in Nigerian adults were reported for antiretroviral drugs, and most of those who died suffered Stevens Johnson syndrome with antimalarials as the suspect drugs. ADRs reported for Nigerian children were mainly skin reactions associated with antibiotics. Most of the reported fatalities resulted from renal failure, linked with suspected contaminated teething mixtures. Antimalarials and anthelmintics were mostly associated with the ADRs in Ghanaian adults. Most of the reported fatalities resulted from Stevens Johnson syndrome. ADRs in Ghanaian children were mostly associated with vaccines. The majority of the reported deaths resulted from unknown causes linked with antimalarials.
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Smalley, Sarah Margaret Vivian. "Islamic nurture in the West : approaches to parenting amongst second generation Pakistanis and Khojas in Peterborough." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/398/.
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Literature on South Asian migration to Britain points to the continuing importance of religion to migrants, particularly to Muslims. Religious continuity depends on effective transmission of beliefs, practices and values to younger generations. South Asians account for around three-quarters of British Muslims but within this group there is wide variation as regards socio-economic status, education, migration and settlement history, cultural norms and sectarian affiliation. This study considers the impact of migration on the religious nurture provided by two groups of second generation parents of South Asian Muslim origin in Peterborough: one group's background is in Pakistan, and the other group, the Khoja Shi'a Ithna'asheri, are East African Asian Muslims. This qualitative study is based on interviews with parents about their approaches to the religious nurture of their children and the ways in which this was similar to or different from their own upbringing. In each group twenty-four parents, mostly mothers, took part in semi-structured interviews. These were supplemented by ethnographic observation to give a detailed account of religious nurture in the two communities. The study investigates both formal and informal nurture as well as the family background contexts and the impact of children's schooling. Similarities and differences between the two communities are described and an explanatory framework in terms of trans nationalism and diaspora is suggested; the use of the concepts of 'community' and A culture' is discussed with reference to the groups studied. Transgene rational differences in approaches to nurture are discussed in the context of changes attributable to migration and those linked to aspects of modern life at a global level. The analysis suggests that differences are linked to socio-economic status and migration history, particularly as regards the 'once-mig rant' and 'twice-migranf character of the communities. Differences are also related to the conflation of religion and culture in the Pakistani families and to community support networks and the nature of the Shi'a religious calendar in the Khoja Shi'a Ithna'asheri ones. The study highlights the extent of Muslim diversity within the two communities as well as differences between them. Parents showed very high levels of commitment to the transmission of religious values and practices to the third generation. Levels of religious observance were variable but had not declined overall across one generation. Most parents did not aspire to educational success for their children if it was to be achieved at the expense of religious continuity. They negotiated ways of maintaining Islamic requirements as they interpreted them whilst trying to 'fit in' with mainstream life in Britain.
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Tlemsani, Issam. "The compatibility of Islam and the West : the context of global banking." Thesis, Kingston University, 2005. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20278/.
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In Western social and economic thought, the spiritual and the secular are sharply divided. In Islam they are indivisible. Islam has become a source of Western anxiety as the Other, the Shadow. The two are often seen as opposing systems with no commonality. This thesis highlights their, mutually beneficial, co-evolutionary past. The increase in the practice of Islamic banking transformed Islamic economics from a sub-field of Islamic jurisprudence and comparative systems into one, which interacts positively with mainstream economic theory. The core of this research is to investigate the compatibility/incompatibility of Islamic Banking practice with Western conventional banking in the global hypercompetitive financial environment. The context chosen for analysis is finance, which is central to global capitalism and an area in which key differences of principle and practice exist between Islam and the West. If we can show compatibilities in that particular area which is fundamental to both systems then we might confidently point to a significant degree of compatibility between the two systems. This thesis argues that if reconcilability between Islam and the West exists in the field of finance and if the two systems can co-evolve in a mutually productive way then we can be optimistic about the ability of the two systems to co-exist. Clearly they involve different attitudes, but this thesis argues, on the basis of significant compatibility these issues, are resolvable under the tradition of toleration that has existed in Western and Islamic societies. What the literature review does is to provide a conceptual basis for examining the context of the thesis, which is the compatibility of the two systems. However, the impact of the conceptual basis is mediated through a group of stakeholders in Islamic banking process (interviewees). This provides the rationale for the second empirical part of the thesis, which is based on open-ended interviews, with key stakeholders in the process. The thesis is structured into two major sections: Section A. the reflective section and the literature review and Section B the empirical work, a projective section looking at the current and future situation.
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Poulson, Stephen Chastain. "Confronting the West: Social Movement Frames in 20th Century Iran." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30008.
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The Iranian Revolution of 1979 received considerable attention from modern social scientists who study collective action and revolution because it allowed them to apply their different perspectives to an ongoing social event. Likewise, this work used the Iranian experience as an exemplar, focusing on a sequence of related social movement frames that were negotiated by Iranian groups from the late 19th through the 20th century. Snow and Benford (1992) have proposed that cycles of protest are associated with the development of a movement master frame. This frame is a broad collective orientation that enables people to interpret an event in a more or less uniform manner. This study investigated how movement groups in Iran developed master frames of mobilization during periodic cycles of protests from 1890 to the present. By investigating how master frames were negotiated by social movement actors over time, this work examined both the continuity and change of movement messages during periods of heightened social protest in Iran.Ph. D.
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Traore, Ahmed Faya. "Rainfall estimation by meteosat in west Africa." Thesis, University of Reading, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646000.
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Data from Meteosat thermal infrared (TIR) imagery are related to rainfall measured directly by gauges at meteorological stations in the Republic of Niger (West Africa), spanning between 0 and 14 °E and 12 and 18 ON. Quantitative physical parameters of 116 clouds from hourly TIR are then examined with the aim of establishing meaningful relations between them and ground observed rainfall.
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Watkins, Gillian M. "The predictability of precipitation in West Africa." Thesis, University of Reading, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427219.
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Iandolo, Alessandro. "Soviet policy in West Africa, 1957-64." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2f17b326-8c4e-427a-8ce4-040c34582083.
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Between 1957 and 1964 the Soviet Union sought to export to West Africa a model of economic and social development. Moscow’s policy was driven by the conviction that socialism was a superior economic system, and could be replicated in Ghana, Guinea, and Mali. However, Soviet confidence in the project was undermined by the unreliability of local leaders, and then by the Congo crisis. The setback in West Africa taught the Soviet leadership crucial lessons, including the importance of supporting ideologically reliable leaders, and the necessity of building military strength to bolster intervention. Combining Soviet and Ghanaian sources with those more readily available in the UK and the US, this thesis shows the importance of modernisation of the Third World for Moscow’s foreign policy during the Khrushchev era, and contributes to the new sets of literature on the cold war in the third world, and on the Soviet Union’s foreign policy.
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Garrett, Bryan A. Stockdale Nancy L. "Missionary millennium the American West : North and West Africa in the Christian imagination /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-11043.
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Garrett, Bryan A. "Missionary Millennium: The American West; North and West Africa in the Christian Imagination." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc11043/.
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During the 1890s in the United States, Midwestern YMCA missionaries challenged the nexus of power between Northeastern Protestant denominations, industrialists, politicians, and the Association's International Committee. Under Kansas YMCA secretary George Fisher, this movement shook the Northeastern alliance's underpinnings, eventually establishing the Gospel Missionary Union. The YMCA and the GMU mutually defined foreign and domestic missionary work discursively. Whereas Fisher's pre-millennial movement promoted world conversion generally, the YMCA primarily reached out to college students in the United States and abroad. Moreover, the GMU challenged social and gender roles among Moroccan Berbers. Fisher's movements have not been historically analyzed since 1975. Missionary Millennium is a reanalysis and critical reading of religious fictions about GMU missionaries, following the organization to its current incarnation as Avant Ministries.
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Akil, Hatem Nazir. "The visual divide Islam vs. the West, image peception in cross-cultural contexts." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4733.
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Do two people, coming from different cultural backgrounds, see the same image the same way? Do we employ technologies of seeing that embed visuality within relentless cultural and ideological frames? And, if so, when does visual difference become a tool for inclusion and exclusion? When does it become an instrument of war? I argue that we're always implicated in visuality as a form of confirmation bias, and that what we see is shaped by preexisting socio-ideological frames that can only be liberated through an active and critical relationship with the image. The image itself, albeit ubiquitous, is never unimplicated - at once violated and violating; with both its creator and its perceiver self-positioned as its ultimate subject. I follow a trace of the image within the context of a supposed Islam versus the West dichotomy; its construction, instrumentalization, betrayals, and incriminations. This trace sometimes forks into multiple paths, and at times loops unto itself, but eventually moves towards a traversal of a visual divide. I apply the trace as my methodology in the sense suggested by Derrida, but also as a technology for finding my way into and out of an epistemological labyrinth. The Visual Divide comprises five chapters: Chapter One presents some of the major themes of this work while attempting a theoretical account of image perception within philosophical and cross-cultural settings. I use this account to understand and undermine contemporary rhetoric (as in the works of Samuel Huntington and Bernard Lewis) that seems intent on theorizing a supposed cultural and historical dichotomies between Islam and the West. In Chapter Two, I account for slogan chants heard at Tahrir Square during the January 25 Egyptian revolution as tools to discovering a mix of technology, language and revolution that could be characterized as hybrid, plural and present at the center of which lies the human body as subject to public peril. Chapter Three analyzes a state of visual divide where photographic evidence is posited against ethnographic reality as found in postcards of nude and semi-nude Algerian Muslim women in the 19th century. I connect this state to a chain of visual oppositions that place Western superiority as its subject and which continues to our present day with the Abu Ghraib photographs and the Mohammed cartoons, etc. Chapter Four deploys the image of Mohamed al-Durra, a 3rd grader who was shot dead, on video, at a crossroads in Gaza, and the ensuing attempts to reinterpret, recreate, falsify and litigate the meaning of the video images of his death in order to propagate certain political doxa. I relate the violence against the image, by the image, and despite the image, to a state of pure war that is steeped in visuality, and which transforms the act of seeing into an act of targeting. In Chapter Five, I integrate the concept of visuality with that of the human body under peril in order to identify conditions that lead to comparative suffering or a division that views humanity as something other than unitary and of equal value. I connect the figures of der Muselmann, Shylock, Othello, the suicide bomber, and others to subvert a narrative that claims that one's suffering is deeper than another's, or that life could be valued differently depending on the place of your birth, the color of your skin, or the thickness of your accent. Finally, in the Epilogue: Tabbouleh Deterritorialized, I look at the interconnected states of perception and remembering within diasporic contexts. Cultural identity (invoked by an encounter with tabbouleh on a restaurant menu in Orlando) is both questioned and transformed and becomes the subject of perception and negotiation.ID: 030646224; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 204-217).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Arts and Humanities
Texts and Technology
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Willemse, Karin. "One foot in heaven : narratives on gender and Islam in Darfur, West-Sudan /." Leiden : [s. n.], 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb392105414.
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Bryans, Robert T. "Christian theological attitudes vis-a-vis Islam : the effect on West-Muslim relations /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Dec%5FBryans.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2002.Thesis advisor(s): Glenn E. Robinson, Kenneth J. Hagan. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-82). Also available online.
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Jackson, Roy Ahmad. "A Nietzschean approach to key Islamic paradigms." Thesis, University of Kent, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269097.
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Smyth, Thomas Nathan. "Social media, elections, and democracy in West Africa." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49042.
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Today is an exciting time to be a political activist in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly for the technically inclined. New media technologies including the mobile phone, the Internet, and social media are proliferating rapidly and their potential as potent political tools is being realized. While 2012's Arab Spring in North Africa captivated the world, similar campaigns have been occurring south of the Sahara both before and since. But the embrace of social media for political ends raises the question of how, if at all, these new media actually perturb the political landscape. These questions have been well-studied in Western contexts, but remain virtually unexplored in developing regions where traditional media are scarcer, democracies are younger, and the effect of social media on politics has the potential to be quite distinct. This dissertation explores these questions by focusing on social media use during elections in Nigeria and Liberia in 2011. It asks how social media impacted the democratic process during these key events, and compares social media discourse to formal election monitoring operations. The findings suggest that given sufficient civil-society coordination, social media can be an effective tool for electoral scrutiny. Furthermore, for this and other reasons, it appears that social media has the potential to emerge as a key influence on public faith in electoral processes.
Based on these results, it is further argued that social media's true disruptive power in developing world contexts lies in its ability to transcend the economics of scarcity that have dominated traditional media in such contexts. This observation is offered as an extension to the networked public sphere theory of Yochai Benkler that frames this work.
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Deng, Zhixin. "Vegetation dynamics in Oueme Basin, Benin, West Africa /." Göttingen : Cuvillier, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016504013&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Small, Audrey Holdhus. "Publishing and cultural identity in francophone West Africa." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2005. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=167833.
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This thesis examines the problems engendered by ongoing Western dominance in the field of francophone African publishing, with specific reference to Guinea and Senegal. This dominance raises complex issues of power, authority and voice that are familiar tropes in postcolonial analyses, but this thesis seeks to re-place such questions in a wider context, looking at the current material circumstances of the publishing industry and “socially contaminated” instances such as international donor funding and national language policy as a perspective. This allows the links between the two rather distinct fields of the cultural and the commercial to be explored. The guiding theme is a critique of the argument for full indigenisation or africanisation of African publishing, a debate which is based on questions of language, critical authority and identity. The thesis seeks to cut through the inevitable polemics raised by the dominance of Western publishers in African publishing, to clearly identify the problems thrown up by this imbalance, and to explore the ramifications for ‘African literature’.
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Bayor, Hypolite. "Diospyros in west Africa : morphology, molecules and climate." Thesis, University of Reading, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558778.
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Diospyros is a pantropical genus occurring in the lower layers oftropical moist forests. As such the persistence of the forest may be critical to the survival of some species. Twenty-two species of Diospyros occur in the Upper Guinean biodiversity hotspot, seven of which are endemic. The effectiveness of vegetative characters used with computer-aided keys, DNA barcoding, phylogeny and species distribution modelling as tools to study the biodiversity of this area was investigated. A computer-aided multi-access key developed indicated that vegetative characters might be able to identify some species but more testing is required. The effectiveness of the proposed barcodes for plants (rbeL and matK) and psbA-trnH were tested. Bayesian trees showed that single regions produced unresolved trees but using the three regions combined could assign 26 accessions to species. Using TaxonDNA, matK and psbA-trnH were almost equally effective at 84.6% and 84.0% respectively in assigning field collected accessions to species however, rbeL identified only 37.4%. For a combined data set of Genbank and field data, proportion of accessions correctly assign to species was lower. TaxonDNA assigned 59.6%,49.3% and 75.1% accessions of rbeL, matK, and psbA-trnH respectively to species. Phylogenetic analysis using rbeL and matK shows that West African species may belong to at least four different lineages and these are scattered over the entire worldwide Diospyros phylogeny. Sister species mayor may not have overlapping ranges indicating that dispersal might contribute to speciation in Diospyros. The effect of climate change on five ofthe endemic species was investigated. Although reduction in predicted area for three species was observed, the area occupied by one was not affected while one species was predicted to have potential to expand its range which suggests genetic homogenization as a possible outcome. The availability and quality of data for species distribution modelling offive species was also investigated. Data were insufficient for two species not modelled and gaps in sampling were also evident. The effect of biased geographic sampling was to inflate AUC values of distribution models. Overall, it is clear that technologies such as computer-aided keys, DNA barcoding, phylogenetic analysis and climate envelope modelling help to study and understand diversity in this Western African biodiversity hotspot. The identification tools can be challenging to develop but will allow better surveys and in turn help to fill the data gaps revealed in the climate envelope modelling studies.
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Udezulu, Ifeyinwa E. "Imperialism or realism: United States and West Africa." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1988. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1339.
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The purpose of the thesis is to utilize the realist-neorealist paradigm to analyze the United States policy objectives in West Africa, comparably to other African regions. The basic premise of the realist paradigm purports that states are unitary actors and they act to protect their national interest.
Through a critical analysis of secondary data, my findings clearly point to the fact that the former colonial powers, Britain and France are the major actors in West Africa not the United States. The United States policy strategy centers solely on the crisis areas of other regions, the Horn, Central Africa and Southern Africa. This is because of the power struggle between the super powers and because these areas are endowed with vast mineral resources. The Nigerian oil and Chadian conflict with Libya are the only two areas of U.S. interest in West Africa.
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Niang, Abibou [Verfasser]. "Rice yield gaps in West Africa / Abibou Niang." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/118688858X/34.
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Wiggins, Trevor. "Issues for music and education in West Africa." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2802.
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My published output represents an ongoing engagement with the issues of studying, learning, understanding and transmitting music. More specifically, it has the music of Ghana in West Africa as its primary focus. This music is then considered from a number of points of view:- • as music, where the sonic events can be charted, documented and analysed • as 'ethnic' music where the function and meaning of this music for its culture can be considered • as a cultural artefact where the changing processes of transmission and preservation are observed • as pedagogical material where the nature of learning related to culture and the processes of translation by the teacher and the learner are examined. Music as object for documentation and discussion is a substantial part of Xylophone music from Ghana, the two articles in Composing the Music of Africa and the article in the British journal of Ethnomusicology as well as the COs, 'Bewaare - they are coming' Dagaare songs and dances from Nandom, Ghana and 'In the time of my fourth great-grandfather ... ' Western Sisaala music from Lambussie, Ghana. These same publications also consider the roles and function of the music within its culture. Music as a cultural artefact, its transmission and preservation, particularly in relation to formal education, is the focus of the two articles in the British journal of Music Education, the Music Teacher publication, the article in Cahiers de Musiques Traditionelles, and the ESEM conference paper. Pedagogical issues and materials form the basis for Music of West Africa, Kpatsa, and the symposium papers.
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Keidel, Paul R. "Pedagogical principles for training pastors in West Africa." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.
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Fischetti, Lucia. "Molecular aspects of HIV in Ghana, West Africa." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614809.
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Arsan, Andrew Kerim. "Lebanese migrants in French West Africa, 1898-1939." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608460.
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Kamanda, Mamusu. "School attendance at basic education in West Africa." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/366479/.
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The proportion of children entering primary school at the stipulated age in 2010 in Sub-Saharan Africa was 57%. For the same year, the net attendance ratios for primary and lower secondary education were 76% and 47% respectively. These figures are correlated in that delayed school enrolment increases the risk of dropout which in turn shortens the school life expectancy for children. These observations are the motivation behind this research. By writing this thesis, three substantive research questions have been explored: (1) what is Sierra Leone’s progress towards achieving universal basic education (2) what are the determinants of school attendance at basic education in West Africa and (3) does living in a community with more educated mothers enhance children’s school attendance at basic education. Three countries have been used: Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Ghana. Sierra Leone and Liberia have been used to reflect poor and post-conflict states with transitional and premature education systems respectively. Ghana is representative of middle income and politically stable countries with more advanced education systems in the region. The most recent Demographic and Health Survey for the three countries are used for analysis. Four empirical chapters are presented. The first chapter addresses research question 1. It applies simple statistical analyses to United Nations indicators for evaluating progress towards universal education. The second and third chapters answer the second research question and the final chapter answers the third research question. These three chapters employ multilevel statistical techniques to model the determinants of primary and junior secondary school attendance. The second empirical chapter focuses on the interaction between household and community poverty with the aim of investigating whether the attendance of poor children suffers more than affluent children by residing in a poor community. The third empirical chapter explores the determinants of junior secondary school attendance with the aim of deducing whether there are significant differences between post-conflict countries and more stable countries. The final chapter focuses on the relationship between mothers’ education and school attendance at basic education, arguing that living in a community with a high proportion of more educated mothers enhances the likelihood that a child will attend school, irrespective of the child’s background. The results from the first chapter show that the realisation of UBE is distant in Sierra Leone. There has been a decline in the number of children entering primary education; junior secondary education has however doubled although it remains low at 21%. Children from the poorest households are the most excluded from school followed by rural children and girls. The results from the second empirical chapter showed that there is a significant interaction between household and community poverty where poor children living in poor communities experience a greater depreciation in their probability of attending school than more affluent children who live in the same deprived environment in Sierra Leone. No such interaction was found in Liberia or Ghana. In the third empirical chapter, the sex of the child, agricultural livelihood within a community, household wealth and area of residence were significant in Sierra Leone and Liberia. In Ghana, sex of the household head and maternal orphanhood were significant. The hypothesis of the relationship between mothers’ community education and children’s school attendance for the final empirical chapter was confirmed.
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Bernard, Tanguy. "Three essays on peasant organizations in West-Africa." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CLF10002.
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Cette thèse analyse l'émergence, le fonctionnement et le rôle des Organisations Paysannes (OP) dans le développement rural en Afrique de l'Ouest, sur la base de données collectées au Sénégal et au Burkina Faso en 2002-2003. Ces organisations sont des groupes d'individus, se rassemblant pour améliorer le bien-être de leurs ménages et celui de leurs communautés. Elles se sont développées de manière importante depuis le milieu des années 1980, suite au désangagement des Etats du secteur rural, et sont maintenant présentes dans la grande majorité des villages. Cependant, malgré cette richesse organisationnelle et l'intérêt croissant des agences de développement pour les OP, la pauvreté rurale en Afrique de l'Ouest reste parmi les plus élevées du monde. Notre analyse suggère que les OP représentent un canal majeur pour atteindre les ménages pauvres ruraux, mais que leur impact sur la pauvreté est en général limité par leur manque de ressources financières. Nous montrons également que les communautés villageoises dans lesquelles les OP évoluent sont de première importance : dans les environnements caractérisés par d'importantes "normes égalitaires", les OP dont la fonction est de générer des profits pour leurs membres sont contraintes lors de leur émergence et dans leur fonctionnement. En retour, l'émergence de telles organisations influence leurs communautés en provoquant un changement institutionnel par lequel la différentiation économique et sociale des individus est rendue possible au sein même de leur communauté.
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Kortenhoeven, Cornell. "Genomics of West Nile viruses from South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/32944.
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West Nile Virus (WNV) forms part of the Japanese encephalitis serocomplex in the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. This enveloped positive single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA ) virus is the etiological agent of West Nile fever, and in more severe cases WNV neuroinvasive disease, in both humans and animals. WNV is distributed worldwide and is phylogenetically classified into five distinct lineages. The WNV genome is ~11 Kb in length and encodes a single open reading frame (ORF) that is post-translationally cleaved into three structural proteins and seven non-structural proteins. In this study, two contemporary and two historic South African WNV strains were genetically characterised as lineage 2 strains based on complete genome sequences. Genetic change as a result of passage number and propagation system was quantified on both the consensus genome- and quasispecies level. A lack of variation was observed amongst the consensus genome sequences of WNV strains subject to changes in propagation system from BHK-21 cell culture to mouse brain and vice versa. In contrast, variation amongst the latter was observed on the quasispecies level. Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) profiles as well as full-length haplotype sequences reconstructed from ultra deep sequence data indicated that high levels of quasispecies diversity persists, particularly in the capsid gene region, during changes in propagation environment. The changes in frequency of variants were consistent throughout isolates propagated in different systems. The increased variation in the capsid gene region may result from selective pressures brought about by differences in host cell type between propagation systems. This study is the first to demonstrate quasispecies dynamics resulting from changes in propagation system of a lineage 2 WNV based on the reconstruction of full-length haplotype sequences from ultra deep sequence data. The approach demonstrates a cost-effective alternative to the estimation of viral population structure in light of viral evolutionary dynamics, which may in turn be assessed by the single plasmid reverse genetic system designed in this study. Although early attempts at rescuing an infectious WNV clone were unsuccessful, the system shows promise in the application of future studies concerning vaccine and diagnostic development, virulence studies and disease control.Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2013
Zoology and Entomology
Unrestricted
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Adjalala, Toyimi Médès Frida. "Three Essays on Monetary Union in West Africa." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41579.
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Chapter 1- How well-off or worse-off a country can be by joining a currency union in the presence of structural heterogeneity and idiosyncratic shocks? In light of the proposed creation of a currency union for the Economic Community of the West African States (ECOWAS), we develop a three-region DSGE model to explore the question. We divide the ECOWAS into three regions-Nigeria, the existing WAEMU (West-African Economic Monetary Union), and the rest. Considering two monetary regimes (monetary union and monetary independence), we assess the heterogeneity in the responses to country-specific productivity and terms-of-trade shocks in these two regimes, as well as the costs related to the loss of monetary independence. Our results indicate that shocks hitting a given region generate cross-border spillover effects, whose sign and magnitude depend not only on the nature of the disturbance but also on its origin and on the monetary policy regime considered. Moreover, the propagation of shocks across regions is magnified under the monetary union regime. Shocks hitting Nigeria's economy tend to have a more destabilizing effect on the other regions, especially when they are inside the union. Our results also suggest that the proposed monetary union for the ECOWAS region can potentially lead to welfare improvement for all the members, but the magnitude of the welfare gain is relatively small.
Chapter 2- In this chapter, we develop a multi-region New-Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) of the West-African countries to provide a quantitative analysis of intergovernmental fiscal transfers in the context of the proposed creation of a monetary union. We assess the potential role of fiscal transfers in the stabilization of business cycle fluctuations in the projected monetary union in the presence of idiosyncratic shocks. Starting from a baseline scenario with no fiscal transfers among the regions, we analyze the dynamic and welfare impacts of full and partial fiscal equalization schemes with nominal tax revenue sharing within the union. We consider adverse productivity and term-of-trade shocks. Our simulation results suggest that the transfer mechanism is an efficient stabilizing tool. However, the stabilization property of the fiscal transfer system hinges upon the full or partial nature of the compensation system. Moreover, the ability of the transfer system to absorb the negative effects of idiosyncratic shocks depends not only on the type of shock but also on the size of the region directly affected.
Chapter 3- We analyze in this chapter the macroeconomics effects of fiscal policy shocks in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). To that end, we use a Global Vector Autoregression (GVAR) model, which allows us to assess both the within country and the cross borders spillover effects of the fiscal shocks. For the dynamic analysis, we consider negative country-specific public spending and revenue shocks affecting Nigeria as well as regional public spending and revenue shocks affecting two groups of countries in the area, namely the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) and the Rest of ECOWAS (RECOWAS). We provide evidence of considerable cross-country heterogeneity in fiscal spillovers; for instance, spillovers are high for fiscal shocks affecting Nigeria, while the cross-border spillover effects on Nigeria are weak for shocks affecting WAEMU and RECOWAS. Our results also suggest that fiscal policy is very relevant in stimulating real output in each of the ECOWAS countries but limited for the cross-country output stimulation.
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Smapane-Donko, Eric. "Molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae in West Africa." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.550376.
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Aye, Bernice Kwakyewa. "Cross-language communication in West Africa: An overview." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27502.
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Socio-economic development of Africa's human resources is tied to language policies that are undergoing global pressures. Though the languages of colonization are the official and dominant languages of education and communication, African countries recognize the importance of promoting their indigenous languages. This descriptive study is an overview of cross-language communication as it relates first to the colonial heritage and then to changes brought about by globalization. Themes explored include literacy, democratization, evangelization, judicial processes and media. Information was compiled from literature on translation and multilingualism in Africa, recent conferences and personal experiences. The focus is on Cote d'lvoire, Ghana and Nigeria, which are representative of the language situation in West Africa. A few references are also made to other sub-Saharan African countries so as to show the intertwined regional phenomena of translation and interpretation. Currently, technology is being applied to linguistics, translation and terminology of indigenous languages to build knowledge societies. Translation and terminology development are empowering speakers of African languages to participate fully in the development of their communities.
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Miller, Charlotte S. "520,000 years of environmental change in West Africa." Thesis, Open University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607487.
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Global temperatures are predicted to rise by 2- 2.5°C by 2065, profoundly affecting the Earth's environment. The response of ecosystems to past climate fluctuations can inform on how systems will respond in the future. This thesis focuses on Quaternary environmental changes in West Africa, a region important because of its high ecological value and role in the global carbon cycle. In 2004, the International Continental Drilling Program recovered c. 291 m of sediments spanning the last c. 1 Myr from Lake Bosumtwi (Ghana). Pollen, charcoal and nitrogen isotopes (815N) were analysed from the most recent c. 150m (c. 520 kyr). The latitudinal position and long duration of this core makes it unique for understanding West African monsoon dynamics and vegetation change. To aid characterisation of the Bosumtwi pollen succession, an atlas of present-day pollen was constructed for 364 pollen and spore taxa. The pollen record from Bosumtwi reveals dynamic vegetation change over the last c. 520 kyr, characterized by eleven biome shifts between savannah and forest. Savannah vegetation is dominated by Poaceae (>55%) associated with Cyperaceae, Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae and Caryophyllaceae. Forest vegetation is palynologically diverse, but broadly characterised by Moraceae, Geltis, Uapaca, Macaranga and Trema. Low 815N values correspond to forest expansion and these are driven by high lake levels. The timescale indicates that the six periods of forest expansion correspond to global interglacial periods. The record indicates that the wettest climate occurred during the Holocene, and the driest during Marine Isotope Stage 7. The vegetation and 815N records show a strong response to glacial-interglacial variability between 520- 320 kyr and 130- 0 kyr. Between 320- 130 kyr there is a weaker response to glacial-interglacial cycles probably related to high eccentricity during the peak of the 400-kyr component of eccentricity, with high eccentricity resulting in greater seasonality and ultimately drier conditions.
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Gomari-Luksch, Laleh. "Realism, rationalism and revolutionism in Iran's foreign policy : the West, the state and Islam." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13719.
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Iran's foreign policy is consistent and is fundamentally realist with a revolutionist vision while the means are rationalist is the central argument of this dissertation. I make use of the English Schools three traditions of realism, rationalism and revolutionism in analyzing the speeches of Iranian statesmen to identify the ways in which the dynamics of the three traditions have evolved since 1997 and what it means for interpreting the developments of Iran's foreign policy ventures. I utilize both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis in examining the speeches of the supreme leader, Ayatollah Khamenei, the presidents since 1997. The quantitative method employs a customized software generating figures that represent the recurrence of realist, rationalist and revolutionist terminologies in all the documents downloaded from the official websites of the Iranian statesmen as well as the United Nations and select news agencies and affiliates. The quantitative phase of the analysis, meanwhile, carefully examined selected statements of the supreme leader and the presidents uncovering the foreign policy argumentations and justifications, which were studied alongside foreign policy actions and classified under the three traditions. The findings suggest that Iran's foreign policy is the same as in the other states of international society – it is consistent and dynamic. It is simultaneously realist, rationalist and revolutionist with each tradition serving a specific purpose, which cannot be disentangled from the other two.
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Masey, Rachael. "Living French colonial theory : an examination of France's complex relationship with Islam in its African colonies as viewed through the lives of Octave Houdas and Xavier Coppolani." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14318.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-94).In current scholarship, the colonial period within Africa has long been defined as a controversial era, almost encapsulating the entirety of Occidental hubris in one distinct age of time. By and large, the European powers invaded foreign lands, claimed them as their own by right of superior cultural standing, attempted to spread their way of life, and manipulated both the occupied territories and their inhabitants for their own economic, cultural, and spiritual gain. Such incursions were morally justified by the Oriental paradigm, which broadly claimed that European cultural and intellectual superiority gave the cultural Occident the authority to control, speak for, and know the entirety of the Oriental world. As a colonial power, France brought its own unique perspective to the pursuit of colonial might in the form of the concept of the mission civilisatrice and the legacy of the French Revolution. Within the auspices of the larger Orientalist paradigm which guided the second colonial empire, France imposed its civilizing mission on the largely Muslim North and West African colonies. These occupied lands posed a special threat to French hegemony because they shared a common monotheistic religion which could not be easily dismissed on the basis of Orientalist logic and could potentially pose a very real threat to French control. Thus, French policy toward Islam was unceasingly suspicious of Islam ' evolving in its understanding of the religion and Muslim African culture but always with an eye to the practical aspects of administrating and controlling an Islamic colony. This paper utilizes the larger complexities surrounding the French relationship with Islam as the basis for an examination of the lives of two colonial figures, Octave Houdas and Xavier Coppolani. Both men were prominent Islamists with career trajectories deeply steeped within Orientalist rhetoric in the late nineteenth-century and with strong ties to Algeria. However, a detailed and comprehensive accounting of the significance of their contributions and how they each advanced the Orientalist perspective has not yet been a focus of scholarly historical inquiry. Octave Houdas functioned within the realm of scholarly study ' educating a new generation of Orientalists at institutions in both Algeria and France and translating documents relative to the Islamic histories of North and West Africa. In contrast, Xavier Coppolani worked as a self-styled Islamists for the French colonial government, exploring and writing strategic treatises on how the pre-existing Muslim culture could be best employed to French gain. During their respective lifetimes both men played a critical role in the evolving French conceptions of Islam yet have had their lives and works essentialized and undervalued by modern historical study. By employing a wide variety of their works, spanning from French archival material to government reports to textbooks, this paper will address both their individual contributions to Franco Islamic relations and the larger roles they, as the Orientalist scholar and administrator, respectively, played in the perpetuation of the Orientalist paradigm. Many documents represented primary sources which were in French and were reviewed at locations in France.
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Davis, Glenda. "A sociolinguistic inquiry into wax-dyed cloth names in Togo and Côte d'Ivoire /." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79837.
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According to Domowitz (1992), the Agni women of Cote d'Ivoire assign proverbs and aphorisms as names to wax-dyed cloth. Women then use the imagery and associated proverbs behind cloth names to send non-verbal messages they would otherwise be unable to express publicly. The purpose of this study is twofold: first, to investigate wax-dyed cloth names including their underlying meanings and uses given by women in Cote d'Ivoire and Togo; and second, to investigate how these names are acquired in French by women who have no formal education. Qualitative results revealed that women in these two countries are very motivated to learn cloth names. New undocumented names and their underlying meanings were also found. Some of these meanings were found to be educational; others are used to maintain status or to clarify power relationships. At the same time, quantitative results indicated that knowledge and use of cloth names in both communities studied is in decline.
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Tyler, Aaron M. Davis Derek Brackney William H. Nederman Cary J. "Conceiving coexistence : an exposition on the divergent Western and Islamic conceptualizations of tolerance /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4189.
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Kubai, Anne Nkirote. "The Muslim presence and representations of Islam among the Meru of Kenya." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1995. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-muslim-presence-and-representations-of-islam-among-the-meru-of-kenya(9df6aa67-56ea-4197-b2c3-8a4bde6ef05f).html.
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The thesis analyzes the Muslim presence and representations of Islam among the Meru people of Kenya in the 20th century. The circumstances leading to the establishment of pioneer Muslim communities by the 'Swahili', the Nubians and the Mahaji, in Meru are examined. The rejection or acceptance of Islam by the people of Meru is linked to theories of conversion. The main emphasis is on the local manifestations of Islam. Case material from Meru town and the neighbouring areas is cited. Local representations of Islam and Muslim identity are analyzed in relation to the oppositional dyad of Dini / Ushenzi. The thesis argues that the opposition of Dini to Ushenzi has continuously impinged upon the local manifestation of Islam in Meru. Examples of how this stereotyped notion is transposed from its coastal cultural milieu and applied in a 'fossilized' form by Muslims in Meru are given. The shift in the early 1960s from the previous emphasis on distinctions between the three Muslim groups, to the need for a common Muslim community identity, is linked to the post-independence social-economic crisis that threatened the presence of Islam in Meru. The mechanics of the construction and consolidation of an urban Muslim community identity are examined. The analysis of the internal dynamics of the emergent urban Muslim community focuses on the notion of the propriety of religious practice and behaviour. An examination of the influence of Tabligh during the last decade, (1980- 1990) reveals an increase in the Muslim activities in Meru. Throughout the 1980s Islam spread slowly, almost unobtrusively, in the rural areas in the northern part of Meru. The analysis of the forces underpinning this process; and the resultant dilemma of conflicting identities of individual converts living in the rural areas, is placed within the local social context.