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Shams-Esmaeili, Fatemeh. "Official voices of a revolution : a social history of Islamic republican poetry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b6f2561b-fd26-4064-88b8-f365d7abf2e4.
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This thesis is primarily concerned with the literary aspects of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Its immediate focus rests on the evolution of the Islamic republican poetic trend, encompassing both the disillusioned and conformist voices that rose to prominence in the course of the 1979 Revolution and their on-going engagement with the ruling political power. In this vein, this thesis investigates the various cultural policies of the state, as well as select political transformations of the past three decades, all of which played a pivotal role in this literary evolution. The thesis shows how the official poets that emerged during the 1979 Revolution, and which proved significantly active throughout the immediate history subsequent to that event (war with Iraq, the death of Ayatollah Khomeini and the rise and fall of the reform movement), evolved over time and thereby either received political support for their commitment to the state ideology or became gradually excluded from official cultural institutions. Finally, this thesis reviews the manner in which state strategies have shaped an institutionalised form of poetry that is monitored and reinforced by the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic and official cultural authorities. It demonstrates how an innate linking of the project of Islamic republican literature to underlying ideologically defined notions such as 'religious verse', 'legitimate poetry' and 'commitment' was and continues to be an intrinsic part of the literary foundations of the ideological apparatus of the Islamic Republic.
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Vehapi, Flamur. "Conflict Resolution in Islam: Document Review of the Early Sources." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1446.
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Islam is the world's fastest growing religion. It is known to have an abundant and very rich amount of knowledge found in the Qur'an and the teachings of Prophet Muhammad, and as such, this religion has tremendously contributed not only to Muslim societies but also to the West. One aspect of this contribution explicated in this thesis is its contribution to the field of Conflict Resolution.
The primary purpose of this study is to unearth the tradition of peace and conflict resolution that comes out of the religion of Islam, which is unknown to many Muslims today. In this study, existing literature in the field is examined, and a qualitative exploration is carried out, in order to formulate a better understanding of the dynamics of the Qur'an, hadith and other documents of Islam, as they relate to peace and conflict resolution. Utilizing a mixed methods approach, data collected for this study came from two sources: the existing literature regarding Islam and conflict resolution and the participants (Imams and religious scholars of Islam) interviewed through a questionnaire.
To begin with, the thesis introduces the fundamentals of Islam and major concepts of the faith. It proceeds with Qur'anic and hadith injunctions on peace and conflict, and how those divine revelations as believed by Muslims, were applied by Prophet Muhammad and his early followers. This work is concluded with the opinions and interpretations of the scholars regarding the original question of this study and the matters discussed in the literature review.
The thesis deals with the teachings of the Qur'an and only investigates and analyzes historical events from the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad and the early caliphate of Islam. In the process, to further explore the concept of conflict resolution in Islam, interpretations of Muslim scholars and imams are included in this document review of the sacred texts of Islam. Some questions addressed in this research are, how might this knowledge be valuable to Muslims today in these times of great turmoil involving the Muslim world after September 11? Where do the primary sources of Islam, the Quran and the hadith, stand as far as peace and conflict are concerned? And most importantly, what does Islam have to teach about conflict resolution?
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Al-Obaid, Hanan. "Philosophy of Islamic ornament in Islamic art." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2005. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55634/.
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The view of Islamic art as a minor art and its various ornaments as without any purpose or meaning is questionable since such a perspective ignores the great influence of the Islamic religion on it. This study investigates in close detail the philosophy of ornament in Islamic art. Clearly, Islamic ornamentation plays a central role in Islamic art and architecture. It is divided into four main elements: Arabic calligraphy, vegetal and geometric ornament, and human and animal figural representation. Due to the significance of Islamic ornamentation, this study will examine its origins, development and impacts on the art and architecture of other cultures as well as the influence of other cultures on the development of Islamic ornamentation. It will also examine the rich historical and cultural background from which the art of Islamic ornament emerged in order to identify the characteristics of Islamic ornament in the context of history, its development, its aesthetic values and its underlying philosophy and forms of expression. In this study the historical survey method is employed to examine the development of Islamic ornamental elements. This study also explores the various Islamic ornamental methods and techniques that artists used to create beautiful Islamic ornaments as well as the meanings of Islamic ornamental symbols in both Islamic art and architecture. This study identifies the most important factors contributing to the beauty of Islamic ornamentation. The nature of the relationship between Islamic artists and spectators and their roles in the context of Islamic art also is examined. The thesis concludes that Islamic ornamentations are based on a divine philosophy that stimulates contemplation of God's Majesty and transcendence through wonder at the cosmos He has created. Another important characteristic of Islamic culture is its acceptance of cultural variations which it absorbed and then used to develop its own unique character and identity. Finally, the study identifies two types of Islamic ornamentation, namely, secular ornamentation and pure Islamic ornamentation, and offers a contrastive definition of both.
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Husein, Fatimah. "Fazlur Rahman's Islamic philosophy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ37208.pdf.
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Shayegh, Elham. "Sufism And Transcendentalism: A Poststructuralist Dialogue." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1373984875.
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Shaw, Shereen. "A study of Tawfiq al-Hakim's Equilibrium doctrine and philosophical narratives." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2034659/.
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Tawfiq al-Hakim is known across the Arab world as a pioneer dramatist. He is one of many misunderstood writers and philosophers. My aim is to introduce him to the English-speaking public in order to shed some light on a specific period known to be one of the best in Egypt intellectually and culturally. Former President Nasser’s ideologies, and those of former President Sadat such as his “open-door” policy to the West, have contributed positively to the forming of an intellectual renaissance in Egypt. This rich period in Egyptian history is one that can directly shed light on the literary and philosophical contributions of al-Hakim, and on the social and cultural issues that should be revisited in order to gain an understanding of the problems that face Egyptians today. With this said, it is my hope that by reviving al-Hakim’s philosophical doctrines and by examining the major issues he addresses in his texts, I will be able to explain and clarify some misconceptions about this author, his philosophy and his work. I would also like to show ways in which his distinctive doctrine of equilibrium can be of use to us both in the East and the West. The objectives, accordingly, are twofold: (1) To introduce and critically examine al-Hakim’s equilibrium doctrine; and, (2) To identify the philosophical traits and Western influences that had an impact on his character and philosophy. The core problem that this work will indirectly address is the problem of how philosophy in the Arab world, according to Sari Nusseibeh’s article “The Arab World: What role for philosophy?” has been blatantly used as a tool in order to defend one version or another of the religious beliefs of those who pursued it. I ask what specific role a philosopher or intellectual can play in his or her society and how his philosophy can be put to use. This question is one that has been long forgotten in the Arab world. Freeing the Arab world from the colonizer, back in the 1930s, was clearly a goal for many intellectuals. Today, freeing the Arab mind by introducing a philosophy or an ideology that can be of use to the Muslim world as well as to the West would be a great task to accomplish.
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Eino, Manal Said. "An Islamic philosophy of education : a procedural framework." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387352.
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Beas, Portillo Carlos. "XII Century Natural Philosophy in the Islamic World." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú - Departamento de Humanidades, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/112976.
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In the first part of this essay, we will develop an idea of the Islamic science, which makes it possible to understand its integration in the field of Metaphysics. In the second part, we will develop some key notions in ibn Sina's Natural Philosophy, which shows how the human reality is linked to the scientific conception of nature, and completely inserted in it, as opposed to what occurs in the Modern Scientific Paradigm.En la primera parte de este estudio desarrollamos una idea de la ciencia islámica que hace posible comprender su integración en la esfera de la metafísica. En la segunda parte, desarrollamos algunas nociones centrales de la fi losofía natural de ibn Sina que muestran de qué modo la realidad humana está unida a la concepción científi ca de la naturaleza e inserta plenamente en ella, a diferencia de lo que acontece en el paradigma científi co moderno.
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Basha, Adnan Khalil. "Malek Bennabi and his modern Islamic thought." Thesis, University of Salford, 1992. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14766/.
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For a long time, Arab and Muslim writers and intellectuals have not been able to agree on clearly defined causes of "al-Takhalluf" (social, cultural and economic retardation) in their societies. One group attributed it to ignorance and illiteracy, while another lay the blame on the lack of technological know-how or colonialism etc. Every effort to get rid of "al-Takhalluf" was frustrated due to the fact that, rather than being directed to an analysis of the problem, such efforts usually focused on the symptoms and consequences. As a result, the Arab and Muslim world is still suffering from economic, technological and cultural retardation. However, the issue of development continued as a major preoccupation of a large section of Arab and Muslim intellectuals. Malek Bennabi is ranked among the very few who have profoundly and systematically contributed to the debate concerning the issue of development. This thesis is intended to discuss Malek Bennabi's singular ideas on "al- Takhalluf", development and social transformation. Compared to other Arab and Muslim writers and intellectuals who have dealt with the subject and achieved a consensus on its vitality, Malek Bennabi's thought singularly provides a realistic perspective based on a more comprehensive methodology. In the discourse of this thesis, Malek Bennabi's ideas will be compared to those expressed by geographers, economists, sociologists, and management scientists as well as to those specifically advocated by Arab and Muslim intellectuals, with a view to delineate the comprehensiveness of Malek Bennabi's approach vis-a-vis his predecessors and contemporaries. The study comprises an introduction, three chapters and the conclusion. Chapter One deals with the atmosphere prevailing in Malek Bennabi's country of origin and his own intellectual, cultural and educational itinerary both in Algeria and in France. It will also discuss the intellectual elements that have influenced his thoughts and are reflected in his works. Chapter Two is an elaborate account of Malek Bennabi's ideas on "al-Takhalluf" (retardation), development and social change in the Arab and Muslim world, and his analysis of the causes rather than symptoms of social and economic retardation as outlined in his nineteen books. Chapter Three is an assessment of Malek Bennabi's ideas on "al-Takhalluf" (retardation), development and social change in comparison to theories formulated by other experts in the field. It demonstrates the singularity, comprehensiveness and profundity of his thought and the success be achieved in diagnosing the phenomenon of "al- Takhalluf" as "deprivation of civilization" rather than a consequence of colonialism, ignorance or poverty. The conclusion sums up Malek Bennabi's ideas on "al-Takhalluf" and social change. It also includes recommendations towards a greater consideration of his work in order to reveal its more substantial aspects. This is followed by two appendices containing: (a) The various theories of backwardness, development and social change as propounded by selected geographers, economists and management scientists, and (b) The various ideas proffered by Arabs and Muslims on "al-Takhalluf" s well as their proposals to eliminate this malady from the Arab and Muslim world. A comprehensive bibliography of references used in the thesis follows the conclusion.
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Araghi, Mohsen Mohammadi. "Freedom and causality in contemporary Islamic & Western philosophy." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2012. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/freedom-and-causality-in-contemporary-islamic--western-philosophy(2ff213d1-0e6d-4502-9b3d-8bf797263318).html.
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This study tries to reflect the problem of compatibility between general causal law and the free will of human being, and whether or not the general causal law is compatible with the freedom of man; I will examine the different theories in contemporary Islamic and Western philosophy comparing them with each other and criticising them, and finally I will present my theory of ‘moral obligation’ which I think is able to give a new solution to this problem. In the first chapter I will give a short explanation of the background of this problem in the Islamic philosophy, in chapter two I will reflect upon the contemporary Islamic perspective. In the third chapter I will look at the contemporary Western theories regarding the problem and in the last chapter I’ll present my view with respect to the free will and its compatibility with the general causal law.
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Borlée, Pierre. "Desenchantement et deuxieme chance La France contemporaine dans Soumission de Michel Houellebecq." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami160562409744825.
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Meral, Arzu. "An ontological inquiry in early Qur'ān commentaries /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83194.
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This study examines the influence of Qur'anic teachings on the development of falsafa on the one hand, and the position of tafsirs in the intellectual history of Islam on the other. To do so, in the introduction it attempts to situate the place of falsafa and its connections with kalam and tafsir, and to explain the approach that will be followed in this research. In the first part it treats some of the ontological vocabulary of the Qur'an, while in the second, it concentrates on the questions raised by the Qur'an about the ontological status of pre-existing things as well as on the notions of creation and existence. To this purpose it surveys some early tafsirs in order to see how the debate over these issues evolved therein and how philosophical discussions were appropriated and naturalized by the mufassirun.
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Arifin, M. B. "The principles of umum and takhsis in Islamic jurisprudence." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384155.
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Fanaei, Nematsara Mohammad. "Secondary intelligibles : an analytical and comparative study on first and second intentions in Islamic and Western philosophy." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22553.
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This thesis deals with one of the essential problems in epistemology, that is, the foundation and variety of universal concepts. The classical controversy on universals is baseless if we do not consider different kinds of universal concepts. In this thesis, universal concepts are examined as classified into three groups: first intentions, logical second intentions and philosophical second intentions.We elaborate these three kinds of concepts from two perspectives. First, we have a journey in the history of Islamic philosophy from Farabi to contemporary philosophers in order to see what they mentioned in this regard. We found that the origin of the distinction between first and second intentions in Ibn Sina; however, he does not mention the philosophical second intentions, rather this kind of intentions is added sometime after Suhrawardi and Tusi We also examined William of Ockham's theory for the purposes of a comparative approach. Second, we discussed this threefold division based on our own understanding and analysis in the light of both Islamic and Western philosophy.
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Ahmed, Eltegani Abdelgader. "Islamic banking : distribution of profit (case study)." Thesis, University of Hull, 1990. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3752.
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An economic system based on the principles of the Islamic law is proclaimed feasible. Interest as an equivalent to Riba should be substituted. Profit-sharing financial institutions have been established. The research attempts to show how these institutions work, and what alternatives they rely on to substitute interest as a motivation for mobilising savings. The technique of investment of various deposits which are held in one pool, as practised by some Islamic banks, and the methods of determining each depositor's share in investment and in profit, are discussed. Profit generated from the investment is the alternative proposed to substitute interest. Risks surrounding investment environment and the difficulties embodied in the technique used to distribute profit are the major topics discussed. The research centres on a field study, following the case study approach, whereby methods for the distribution of profit used in three Islamic banks in the Sudan are explained in detail with illustrating numerical examples. A comparison between the various methods is made. The historical background to the establishment of Islamic banks is given as an introduction to the research. Furthermore, models of investment used in Islamic banking are explained and the difference between Islamic and conventional banks is shown. By way of introduction the concept of Riba in Islam is also discussed. Moreover, accounting postulates are scrutinised and verified from an Islamic perspective. A case study is made of FIBS and the models of finance used along with an empirical examination of its performance as the first and a leading Islamic financial institution in the Sudan, and as an example of Islamic banks. Other problems which arise as a result of introducing a profit-sharing technique are also assessed, classified and discussed. Among the recommendations drawn are investment in Limited Mudarabah, using different periods and values for Mudarabah certificates. Islamic banks should also concentrate on profit-sharing models of finance; the credit finance models used, although permitted, should gradually be abandoned.
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Soud, William David. "Toward a divinised poetics : God, self, and poeisis in W.B. Yeats, David Jones, and T.S. Eliot." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:331a692d-a40c-4d30-a05b-f0d224eb0055.
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This thesis examines the traces of theological and broader religious discourses in selected works of three major twentieth-century poets. Each of the texts examined in this thesis encodes within its poetics a distinct, theologically derived conception of the ontological status of the self in relation to the Absolute. Yeats primarily envisions the relation as one of essential identity, Jones regards it as defined by alterity, and Eliot depicts it as dialectical and paradoxical. Critics have underestimated the impact on Yeats’s late work of his final and most sustained engagement with Indic traditions, which issued from his friendship and collaboration with Shri Purohit Swami. Though Yeats projected Theosophical notions on the Indic texts and traditions he studied with Purohit, he successfully incorporated principles of Classical Yoga and Tantra into his later poetry. Much of Yeats’s late poetics reflects his struggle to situate the individuated self ontologically in light of traditions that devalue that self in favor of an impersonal, cosmic subjectivity. David Jones’s The Anathemata encodes a religious position opposed to that of Yeats. For Jones, a devout Roman Catholic committed to the bodily, God is Wholly Other. The self is fallen and circumscribed, and must connect with the divine chiefly through the mediation of the sacraments. In The Anathemata, the poet functions as a kind of lay priest attempting sacramentally to recuperate sacred signs. Because, according to Jones’s exoteric theology, the self must love God through fellow creatures, The Anathemata is not only circular, forming a verbal templum around the Cross; it is also built of massive, rich elaborations of creaturely detail, including highly embroidered and historicized voices and discourses. Critics have long noted the influence of Christian mystical texts on Eliot’s Four Quartets, but some have also detected a countercurrent within the later three Quartets, one that resists the timeless even as the poem valorizes transcending time. This tension, central to Four Quartets, reflects Eliot’s engagement with the dialectical theology of Karl Barth. Eliot’s deployment of paradox and negation does not merely echo the apophatic theology of the mystical texts that figure in the poem; it also reflects the discursive strategies of Barth’s theology. The self in Four Quartets is dialectical and paradoxical: suspended between time and eternity, it can transcend its own finitude only by embracing it.
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Skaik, Hammam. "Terrorism, Orientation and Substantial Directions : Islamic Terrorism in the Syrian Context." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, REMESO - Institutet för forskning om migration, etnicitet och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149080.
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Terrorism and its causes have been widely discussed in academic literature, and especially the issue of Islamic terrorism has gained broad popular, academic and political interest. However, theories of terrorism do not seem to engage with the orientated aspect of terrorism and how terrorism can be ideologically orientated. The dominant understanding of terrorism in scholarly works argues that terrorism cannot be created by the state; rather it can be manipulated or triggered by it. Especially in the wake of the Arab Spring those theories do not engage in studying the interplay of state strategy and ideology in the making of the phenomenon while at the same time relegating the effect of humiliation and colonialist heritage and the industrialization of the body terrorist. This paper brings a new theoretical understanding about the causes of terrorism in the Middle Eastern context in the wake of the Arab Spring. This understanding draws from the theory of ideology by Louis Althusser, and the concept of orientation by Sara Ahmed in order to reach a better diagnosis of the phenomenon. Examining journalistic works written about terrorism in this context, this thesis identifies the processes of ideological orientation to produce terrorism.
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Filonenko, Kostyantyn. "The technical vocabulary of al-Kindi in the Letter on the first philosophy /." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33891.
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The present work deals with establishing of the exact meaning of the technical terms used by al-Kindi in the longest of his extant philosophical treatises, The Letter on the First Philosophy. On many occasions, however, when the meaning of a term appeared to be obscure in the Letter, the evidence of al-Kindī's usage of such a term has had to be brought forward from his other philosophical works in order to elucidate its meaning as accurately as possible.Much attention has been paid to the original significance of the terms that are al-Kindī's translation of Aristotle's philosophical vocabulary. In some instances, when the difference between the Aristotelian usage and that of al-Kindī appeared to be crucial (as for example, in case of the terms ή κοvιή άίσθησις (the common sense), and al-ḥiss al-kullī (the universal sense), both usages have been given in a detailed exposition.
Whenever helpful to clarify the meaning of the terms, the definitions of philosophical terms given by al-Tahānawī in the Ka shshaf, have been included with the definitions proper to al-Kindī.
Most of the philosophical terms have been analyzed in their proper philosophical contexts, which allows not only elucidating more distinctly their meanings but also delineating the main themes of al-Kindī's philosophy.
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Nemeth, Keith. "The Path Towards Mysticism: A Critical Examination of Hayy Ibn Yaqzan." Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1178.
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Thesis advisor: Nasser BehnegarHayy Ibn Yaqzan is a novel whose protagonist seeks intellectual knowledge and spiritual fulfillment over a lifetime of scientific experimentation and solitary rumination. The culmination of his efforts is not to independently verify the Islamic faith, as his final product differs dramatically from their dogma. Instead, he is looking to seek knowledge, not empathy from his Creator by knowing him directly, instead of worshiping him through the process of prayer. This education alienates him from the society on the other island, as they are unable or unwilling to follow his example. By accepting this path, instead of following the dominant creed and code of the populous, Hayy is unable to live comfortably within that setting and must return to his place of solitaire amongst nature
Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2010
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Political Science
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Karabela, Mehmet Kadri. "The development of dialectic and argumentation theory in post-classical Islamic intellectual history." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96696.
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This dissertation is an analysis of the development of dialectic and argumentation theory in post-classical Islamic intellectual history. The central concerns of the thesis are; treatises on the theoretical understanding of the concept of dialectic and argumentation theory, and how, in practice, the concept of dialectic, as expressed in the Greek classical tradition, was received and used by five communities in the Islamic intellectual camp. It shows how dialectic as an argumentative discourse diffused into five communities (theologicians, poets, grammarians, philosophers and jurists) and how these local dialectics that the individual communities developed fused into a single system to form a general argumentation theory (adab al-bahth) applicable to all fields. I evaluate a treatise by Shams al-Din Samarqandi (d.702/1302), the founder of this general theory, and the treatises that were written after him as a result of his work. I concentrate specifically on work by 'Ad}ud al-Din al-Iji (d.756/1355), Sayyid Sharif al-Jurjani (d.816/1413), Taşköprüzâde (d.968/1561), Saçaklızâde (d.1150/1737) and Gelenbevî (d.1205/1791) and analyze how each writer (from Samarqandi to Gelenbevî) altered the shape of argumentative discourse and how later intellectuals in the post-classical Islamic world responded to that discourse bequeathed by their predecessors. What is striking about the period that this dissertation investigates (from 1300-1800) is the persistence of what could be called the linguistic turn in argumentation theory. After a centuries-long run, the jadal-based dialectic of the classical period was displaced by a new argumentation theory, which was dominantly linguistic in character. This linguistic turn in argumentation dates from the final quarter of the fourteenth century in Iji's impressively prescient work on 'ilm al-wad'. This idea, which finally surfaced in the post-classical period, that argumentation is about definition and that, therefore, defining is the business of language—even perhaps, that language is the only available medium for understanding and being understood—affected the way that argumentation theory was processed throughout most of the period in question.The argumentative discourse that started with Ibn al-Rawandi in the third/ninth century left a permanent imprint on Islamic intellectual history, which was then full of concepts, terminology and objectives from this discourse up until the late nineteenth century. From this perspective, Islamic intellectual history can be read as the tension between two languages: the "language of dialectic" (jadal) and the "language of demonstration" (burhan), each of which refer not only to a significant feature of that history, but also to a feature that could dramatically alter the interpretation of that history.Cette dissertation est une analyse de l'évolution de la théorie dialectique et d'argumentation dans l'histoire intellectuelle islamique post-classique. Les préoccupations centrales de la thèse sont les suivantes: les traités sur la compréhension théorique de la notion de la théorie dialectique (de logique) et d'argumentation, et comment, en pratique, la notion dialectique, tel qu'elle est exprimée dans la tradition grecque classique, a été reçue et utilisée par les cinq collectivités du camp intellectuel islamique. Cette étude démontre comment la notion dialectique en tant que discours argumentatif a été diffusée dans cinq collectivités (théologiens, poètes, grammairiens, philosophes et juristes) et comment ces notions logiques locales, développées dans les différentes communautés, se sont fusionnées en un seul système pour former une théorie d'argumentation générale (adab al-bahth) applicable à tous les domaines.J'évalue un traité de Shams al-Din Samarqandi (d.702/1302), le fondateur de cette théorie générale, et les traités qui ont été écrits après lui en tant que succession de son travail. Je me concentre spécifiquement sur les travaux de 'Adud al-Din al-Iji (d.756/1355), Sayyid Sharif al-Jurjani (d.816/1413), Taşköprüzâde (d.968/1561), Saçaklızâde (d.1150/1737) et Gelenbevî (d.1205/1791) et analyse comment chaque auteur (de Samarqandi à Gelenbevî) a modifié la forme du discours argumentatif et comment les intellectuels, venus par après dans le monde post-islamique classique, ont répondu à ce discours transmis par leurs prédécesseurs.Ce qui est frappant, de la période que cette thèse étudie (de 1300-1800), est la persistance de ce qu'on pourrait appeler le tournant linguistique dans la théorie de l'argumentation. Après plusieurs siècles, la notion dialectique de la période classique basée sur jadal fût remplacée par une nouvelle théorie d'argumentation qui était principalement de caractère linguistique. Ce tournant linguistique dans l'argumentation est daté du dernier quart du quatorzième siècle dans le travail sur 'ilm al-wad' impressionnant et prémonitoire d'al-Iji. Cette idée, qui est finalement émergée dans la période post-classique, disant que l'argumentation décrit une définition et que, par conséquent, la définition est l'utilité du langage —et même peut-être, que le langage est le seul moyen disponible pour comprendre et être compris— a influencé la façon dont la théorie d'argumentation a été formulée dans la majeure partie de la période en question.Le discours argumentatif qui a commencé avec Ibn al-Rawandi au troisième/neuvième siècle a laissé une empreinte permanente dans l'histoire intellectuelle islamique qui s'est remplie de concepts, de terminologie et d'objectifs de ce discours jusqu'à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle. Selon cette perspective, l'histoire intellectuelle islamique peut être lue comme une divergence entre deux langues: le "langage dialectique" (jadal) et le "langage démonstratif" (burhan), dont chacun se réfère non seulement à une caractéristique importante de cette histoire, mais à une caractéristique qui pourrait changer radicalement l'interprétation de cette histoire.
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Al-Qasem, Leena. "Islamic ethical views in vitro fertilization and human reproductive cloning." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78237.
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For Muslims all over the world, whether in North America where they form minorities or in all-Muslim societies, their religion permeates every aspect of their lives and ethical decision-making. It is no wonder that when deliberating the treatment of infertility or the introduction of cloning to the world, Muslims look to their Islamic scholars and await their decision on such matters. They are the ones with the most knowledge of the Quran, Sunnah, and other sources used in Islam. This thesis will explore the ethics of assisted reproduction technologies and human reproductive cloning from an Islamic ethical perspective. I will investigate the principles and regulations that are used today in the Islamic analysis of both practices.
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Ibrahim, Bilal. "The evolution of the rule of law : the origins and function of legal theory." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98935.
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The thesis examines the origins and function of legal theory ( usul al-fiqh) within the context of the development of early Islamic law. I argue against the depiction of the development of law as a series of compromises between traditionalism and rationalism. Rather, by evading the demands of traditionalism, law evolved into a complex doctrinal entity rooted in the social structures of third-century Abbasid society. This revision of the development of law provides a context to evaluate early works of legal theory. Moreover, in context of my analysis of the development of law, I attempt to explain the emergence of legal theory as an independent discipline and its function within the greater structure of law.
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Hodjat, Mehdi. "Cultural heritage in Iran policies for an Islamic country /." Thesis, Online version, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.283542.
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Smith, Llyn Frances. "Islamic ideology and religious practice among Muslims in a southern Sri Lankan town." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317642/.
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The thesis is concerned with an examination of Islam in Sri Lanka. It argues that while Sri Lankan Islam shares an ideology with the Islamic world, it has a specificity which may only be understood with reference to its particular historical and cultural context. As an Islamic community on the periphery of the Islamic world, Sri Lankan Muslims find their ideology, enduringly problematic. They must continually assert their egalitarian ideology, within the hierarchically ordered cosmological universe, that they share with Sinhalese Buddhists and Tamil Hindus. They must further assert their egalitarianism in the face of constant forces of stratification, internal to the Muslim community itself. Islamic ideology, given this particular cultural context, is both determining and constitutive of the community. The consolidation of the varied histories of the diverse Muslim community in the late colonial period is shown to be an aspect of hegemonic domination of the community by a fraction of it. The structure and force of Islamic ideology as revealed in Sri Lanka is discussed through an examination of religious understanding and ritual practice. The significance of the myths behind, and practices associated with, the shrines of the saints are explored and contrasted with those elsewhere in the Muslim world. Critical distinctions in the practice of Muslim saint 'worship' are discussed. The centrality of the mosque and the male religious community are examined, and the articulation of the mosque with the domestic order is clearly outlined. Sri Lankan Muslims elaborate, through their calendrical ritual, a constant regeneration of the Islamic community - ummah. At its most fundamental level this regeneration requires the unification of male and female, mosque and house. This practice is a constant metaphor of the original basis, and current practice, of the Sri Lankan Muslim community, founded by the marriages of Arab Muslims to indigenous women, in whose houses they took up residence. Regenerative symbols in this context are those of food and hearth, and feast practices reveal the constant constitution of the community through its rituals of communal commensality. The calendrical aspects of the regeneration are most readily determined through a discussion of the ritual complex surrounding Ramazan and culminating in the Feast of Sacrifice at the end of the Hajj. The ideological constitution of the ummah, at its various levels of incorporation, is examined from the perspective of the Sri Lankan Muslims. A perspective in which they as one of a multitude of specific, culturally and historically diverse communities of the Muslim world, participate in a calendrical ritual cycle, which they perceive at the ideological level, to embrace them all.
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Obiedat, Ahmad. "Mario Bunge's worldview and its implications for the modernization of Arabic-Islamic philosophy." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106247.
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This study relates philosophy of science and philosophy of religion. It compares a system of western thought and its implications for contemporary Arab-Islamic philosophy. The basis for this approach lies in the concept of worldview as rooted in the process of systematization of available human knowledge in a harmonious way. Actually, many secularists attack the religious outlook but fail to provide a coherent and systematic worldview of their own. Mario Bunge (b. 1919) overcomes such a deficiency and offers a coherent modern worldview. The philosophy of Taha 'Abd al-Rahman (born 1945), which attempts to modernize Arab-Islamic philosophy, is taken as the religious counterpart to Bunge's modern worldview. Since the late 1950s, Mario Augusto Bunge, a widely read and influential Argentinean-Canadian philosopher of science, has become a leading figure of what might be called the scientific humanist project. This project aims at rethinking Kant's combining of reason and experience, and this is why Bunge calls his new orientation ratio-empiricism. His philosophical endeavours culminate in a system of philosophy epitomized in the monumental nine-part Treatise on Basic Philosophy (1974-1989). Bunge's numerous works necessitate the study of the dynamics of worldview-construction and its relation to what he calls 'systemism.' Bunge's worldview is a synthesis of ontological materialism, epistemological realism, and what he calls ethical 'agathonism.' This synthesis forms a harmonious system that meets the requirements for a coherent worldview; it is the background of comparison for what Taha calls the 'spirit of modernity.'This study refers to Bunge's unified worldview (chapter 1) and articulates its overall dynamics (chapters 2 to 4). Chapter 5 on Taha and his 'spirit of modernity' attempts to show that the modernization of Arabic-Islamic philosophy cannot achieve philosophical sovereignty without the contributions of systematic philosophy. The comparative merit of this study is significant for Bunge's system, as it reveals its incompleteness: the rational, natural, and social sciences are studied in detail, while a great deal of the human sciences is not considered. But it is also significant for the Islamic outlook, as it presents a systematic response to the unified religious view and thus encourages religious persons in general, and Islamic philosophers in particular, to respond genuinely to Bunge's challenge.Cette étude relève de la philosophie des sciences et de la philosophie de la religion. Elle compare le système de pensée occidental à la philosophie musulmane contemporaine, en tenant compte de la signification des conséquences de celui-là pour celle-ci. La méthode employée repose sur le concept de «vision du monde» en tant que systématisation harmonieuse des connaissances humaines disponibles. De nos jours, beaucoup de laïques attaquent les points de vue religieux; mais ils échouent à développer une vision du monde cohérente et systématique sur laquelle ils s'appuieraient. La pensée de Mario Bunge, un philosophe des sciences argentino-canadien né en 1919, ne contient pas de telles déficiences et offre une vision du monde moderne et cohérente. Dans cette étude, la philosophie de Taha 'Abd al-Rahman, penseur né en 1945 et qui travaille à moderniser la philosophie arabo-musulmane, est considérée comme l'équivalent religieux de la vision du monde de Bunge.Depuis la fin des années cinquante, Mario Augusto Bunge est le chef de file de ce qui peut être appelé le «projet scientifique humaniste». Le but est de repenser la combinaison kantienne de la raison et de l'expérience. C'est parce qu'il poursuit cette fin que Mario Bunge considère son entreprise comme ratio-empirique. Elle aboutit à un système philosophique incarné par son monumental Treatise on basic philosophy (1974-1989) qui comporte neuf volumes. Les œuvres nombreuses de Bunge obligent à étudier la dynamique en cause dans la «construction-de-vision-du-monde» et sa relation avec ce qu'il nomme le «systémisme». La vision du monde de Bunge est la synthèse d'un matérialisme ontologique, d'un réalisme épistémologique, et d'un «agathonisme» éthique. Elle forme un système harmonieux qui rencontre l'exigence de cohérence imposée aux visions du monde. Cette synthèse sert de point de comparaison avec ce que Taha 'Abd al-Rahman nomme «l'esprit de la modernité».Le chapitre 1 réfère à la vision du monde de Bunge, et sa dynamique est esquissée dans les chapitres 2 à 4. Le chapitre 5 portant sur Taha 'Abd al-Rahman et son «esprit de la modernité» montre que la philosophie arabo-musulmane ne pourra atteindre sa souveraineté philosophique sans la contribution de la philosophie systématique. Cette étude comparative révèle d'une part l'inachèvement de la pensée de Bunge, puisqu'elle étudie dans le détail les sciences rationnelle, naturelle et sociale, mais oublie de considérer certaines sciences humaines pourtant d'importance majeure. D'autre part, elle montre que la vision du monde de Bunge a pour avantage d'offrir une réponse systématique aux visions religieuses unifiées, tout en encourageant les penseurs religieux en général et les philosophes en particulier à lui répondre de manière originale et authentique.
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Alsumaih, Abdulrahman Muhammad. "The Sunni concept of Jihad in classical Fiqh and modern Islamic thought." Thesis, Newcastle upon Tyne : University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.389570.
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Vice, Samantha Wynne. "Personal autonomy : philosophy and literature." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002853.
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Gerald Dworkin's influential account of Personal Autonomy offers the following two conditions for autonomy: (i) Authenticity - the condition that one identify with one's beliefs, desires and values after a process of critical reflection, and (ii) Procedural Independence - the identification in (i) must not be "influenced in ways which make the process of identification in some way alien to the individual" (Dworkin 1989:61). I argue in this thesis that there are cases which fulfil both of Dworkin's conditions, yet are clearly not cases of autonomy. Specifically, I argue that we can best assess the adequacy of Dworkin's account of autonomy through literature, because it provides a unique medium for testing his account on the very terms he sets up for himself - ie. that autonomy apply to, and make sense of, persons leading lives of a certain quality. The examination of two novels - Kazuo Ishiguro's The Remains of the Day and Henry James's The Portrait of a Lady - shows that Dworkin's explanation of identification and critical reflection is inadequate for capturing their role in autonomy and that he does not pay enough attention to the role of external factors in preventing or supporting autonomy. As an alternative, I offer the following two conditions for autonomy: (i) critical reflection of a certain kind - radical reflection, and (ii) the ability to translate the results of (i) into action - competence. The novels demonstrate that both conditions are dependent upon considerations of the content of one's beliefs, desires, values etc. Certain of these will prevent or hinder the achievement of autonomy because of their content, so autonomy must be understood in relation to substantial considerations, rather than in purely formal terms, as Dworkin argues.
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McGregor, Richard J. A. "A study of sainthood in medieval Islamic Egypt : Muhammad and Ali Wafa." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37780.
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This study explores the concept of sainthood in the medieval Islamic tradition. A close reading of the unexplored writings of two 14th C. mystical thinkers, Muh&dotbelow;ammad and `Ali Wafa', shows the presence of at least three distinct currents of thought regarding sainthood. One has been adopted from the Sufi order of the Shadhiliyya, one from the writings of a 9th C. central Asian mystic al-Tirmidhi, and one from the controversial 13th C. thinker Ibn `Arabi. Our study analyses how our Egyptian writers, Muh&dotbelow;ammad and `Ali Wafa', synthesized and elaborated upon these currents to develop a distinct doctrine of sainthood. Although our writers are to be located firmly within the Sunni tradition, it is significant that they felt free to draw on Shi'ite ideas for the construction of their own theory of the final great saint.
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Al-Barkuli, al-Hudayri H. A. Al-R. "An edition of 'Lubb al-Lubab wa Nuzhat al-Ahbab' by Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Ibrahim al-Ash'ari." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355188.
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Al-Bishri, Ismail Muhammad. "A critical edition of Al-Dībāj Al-Khusruwānī Fī Akhbār A 'Yān Al-Mikhlāf Al-Sulaymānī by Al-Ḥasan B. Aḥmad 'Ākish (d. 1290/1874), with detailed introduction." Thesis, Durham University, 1988. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1547/.
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Campbell, Madeleine. "Translating Mohammed Dib : Deleuzean rhizome or Sufi errancy?" Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5105/.
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There is a conceptual resonance between the rhizomatic habit in the world of plants and the perennial errancy in the (meta)physical world of man traversed by Mohammed Dib’s writing. In so far as reflective research and the practice of translation can ‘mirror’ the surface of their object, this project is a rhizomatic endeavour. It is a fragmentary journey into the desert, in search of the mysterious at’lāl, the trace of the sign, drawn and effaced and redrawn again by Mohammed Dib to reveal ephemeral truths about the self and its others. Dib’s focus migrates from early realist ‘socio-ethnographic’ novels in the 1950s to metaphysical explorations described by critics as ‘hermetic’, ‘mystical’ or ‘surreal’. The historical and the mystical, however, are two facets of the same inexorable acts of deterritorialization and reterritorialization in a precarious, often oneiric, universe. The ‘visions’ expressed in his poetics are couched in the elemental vocabularies of light and shadow, fire and water, space and duration and draw their substance from Sufi mystical scholars and poets. I posit that Dib’s nomadic contemporary writing arises from the place that lies between the sensible and the intelligible in Sufi mysticism, in a secular transposition of the Sufi Imagination: Dib neither constructs nor deconstructs. Rather, his singular style serves to hone an acutely experiential expression. Further, there is a sense in which each ouvrage is a heterotrope whereby his poetry and prose collections are inextricably embedded in each other, thus one is always in the middle of his universe. The ubiquitous entry point to this universe lies in the middle of his metaphorical desert, an aesthetic landscape stripped of idiocultural signification. Central to its lines of flight is the sign, both ephemeral and enduring, and what is enveloped in the sign is the non-signifying impact of its expression. I argue that Dib’s perennial re-assembling of ‘ces chaînes aux mailles d’acier qui sont mots’ (those chains with links of steel that are words) doesn’t so much ‘give rise to thought’ as ‘give rise to affect’.
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Onal, Mehmet. "Wisdom (hikma) and philosophy (falsafa) in Islamic thought (as a framework for inquiry)." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503575.
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Nigro, Justin. "RECONCILING ISLAM AND PHILOSOPHY IN THE VIRTUOUS CITY: REREADING AL-FARABI'S AL-MADINAH AL-FADILAH WITHIN 10TH-CENTURY ISLAMIC THOUGHT." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/440141.
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ReligionM.A.
In his tenth-century work, al-Madīnah al-Fāḍilah, the Muslim philosopher Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī posits a solution to the internecine hostilities between Muslim intellectual communities which occurred as a result of conflicting positions on the relationship between revelation and reason, religion and philosophy. In this work al-Fārābī demonstrates that both religion and philosophy are derived from, and dependent upon, divine revelation from Allah to the Prophet. Modern scholars of al-Fārābī interpret his work differently, reading him as an enemy of religion who subordinates Islam to philosophy. In this thesis, after establishing al-Fārābī within the historical and ideological context of tenth-century Islamic thought I analyze al-Madīnah al-Fāḍilah in light of a commentary on the text by Richard Walzer, who is among those scholars who read al-Fārābī as an enemy of Islam who merely reproduces Greek philosophy in Arabic. Contrasting the original Arabic text with Walzer’s English translation and commentary I apply readings of several of al-Fārābī’s other works as an interpretive lens, through which the correct reading of al-Madīnah al-Fāḍilah is made clear. I further analyze the text in light of Islamic Scripture, by which I demonstrate that the foundation on which al-Fārābī’s cosmology is founded has precedence within the Qur’ān. Working in the tenth century al-Fārābī sought to reconcile the conflicting views of his fellow Muslims, in order to bring peace to the community, the Muslim Ummah. Al-Madīnah al-Fāḍilah should be regarded as his crowning achievement in these efforts.
Temple University--Theses
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Oraibi, Ali. "Shīʻī renaissance : a case study of the theosophical school of Bahrain in the 7th13th century." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39571.
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In the wake of the abolition of the Caliphate in the Islamic world with the advent of the Mongols in the 13th century, Islamic scholarship paradoxically flourished, especially in the Shi'i milieu. This era marked a renaissance which has influenced the course of Shii thought ever since. Through its major thinkers, i.e. Ibn Sa'ada, 'Ali ibn Sulayman and Maytham, the school of Bahrain contributed vigorously to this renaissance by integrating philosophy and mysticism into Shi'ism. Yet, the writings of this school are barely known to modern scholarship and many are still in manuscript form. Drawing upon both published and unpublished sources, this study reveals the importance of this school by offering a descriptive and historical analysis of this intellectual contribution to philosophy, theology and mysticism. It also demonstrates that the school of Bahrain was the first Shii school to derive its rational infra-structure in a unique way from a diversity of sources ranging from the Mu'tazili and Ash'ari theology to the Ibn Sinian philosophy and Ibn al-'Arabis mysticism. Its originality thus lies in its synthetic methodology and its interpretation of Shii literature in light of speculative sciences.
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Bdaiwi, Ahab. "Shi'i defenders of Avicenna : an intellectual history of the philosophers of Shiraz." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16550.
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This dissertation is a study of the intellectual history of Ṣadr al-Dīn Dashtakī (d. 903/1498) and Ghiyāath al-Dīn Dashtakī (d. 949/1542), two important Shirazi philosophers and Shi'i thinkers who lived in the late Timurid and early Safavid period. It argues that Avicennan philosophy was revived and provided with a new impetus at a time when it was under attack by Ash'ari thinkers belonging to the later tradition. Paradoxically, many of the later Ash'ri thinkers saw it fit to engage in metaphysical speculations that took the Avicennan tradition as its basis. Yet, these same thinkers accused Avicenna and his followers of advancing specious arguments and for making incoherent statements about God, the cosmos, religious matters, and the general nature of things. So overarching was this later Ash'ari tradition, that it became the intellectual tradition par excellence in the centuries leading up to the Safavid period. In many of their major philosophical writings, the Dashtakīs sought to decouple Avicennan philosophy from Ash'ari kalām, and, at the same time, to attack the foundations of the Ash'ari tradition. In doing so, the Dashtakīs proposed a particular reading of Avicenna that was purified of Ash'ari influences and closer to philosophical Shi'ism.
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Biermann, Brett Christopher. "Travelling philosophy from literature to film /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2006. http://dare.uva.nl/document/51450.
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au, 19310449@student murdoch edu, and Joseph Marrable. "Transpersonal literature." Murdoch University, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20051222.155152.
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What do you get if you apply Ken Wilbers theories of transpersonal psychological development within human consciousness to William Goldings Lord of the Flies or Conrads Heart of Darkness, or Shakespeares Hamlet? Can they provide a clear interpretative tool in order to uncover the intentional or unintentional aspects of consciousness development contained within them? Do these literary texts reveal a coherent quest for knowledge of human consciousness, the nature of good and evil, and the ineffable question of spirit? Is there a case for presenting a transpersonal perspective of literature in order to expound the theories of this psychological discipline? Can literary texts provide materials that are unique to that art form and can be explicated by knowledge of transpersonal psychology? Is there an evolutionary motion, which is not necessarily historically chronological but nonetheless displays a developmental map of human consciousness across literary works? In other words, can we see a hierarchical framework along the lines of consciousness development as proposed by Ken Wilber, that suggests a movement up the evolutionary ladder of consciousness from Lord of the Flies to Hamlet and beyond? Can we counter oppose Lord of the Flies and Hamlet, suggesting that the first is a fable of regression to transpersonal evil within a cultural community and the second sees Hamlet attempt to avoid this path in order to move toward the transcendence of ego and self, within the individual? If this is so then we should be able to plot both paths relative to the models of development traced in Wilbers theories and interpret the texts according to this framework. What is the relationship between transpersonal aspects of consciousness and literature? And what are the effects upon the cultural consciousness of human evolution that literature has had so much to inform? How do the literary works of individuals inform the cultural consciousness and transcend the age in which they are written? Equally we should be able to test the theories with the aid of some texts of literature especially those works which are of, and about consciousness. What does this mean to the literary interpretation of these texts? How does it differ from other interpretations? What are the pitfalls and what disclaimers need to be put in place? Is the difference between the notion of a transpersonal evil and a transpersonal good simply a matter of individual moral choice?
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Khatab, Sayed. "The Concept of Jahiliyyah in the thought of Sayyid Qutb /." Connect to thesis, 2002. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000744.
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Cho, Ju Gwan. "Time philosophy in Derzhavin's poetics /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487694389392671.
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Daniel, Kate. "Swedish Media Portrayals of Western Recruits to the Islamic State." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-386480.
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Qutbuddin, Aziz K. "Tahmid : a literary genre? : a study of the Arabic laudatory preamble, with a focus on the Fatimid-Tayyibi tradition." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2009. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29295/.
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This thesis follows the emergence and development of Tahmid, the Arabic laudatory preamble, as a literary genre in the Arabic tradition: a genre that imaginatively presents the distinct worldview (weltanschauung) that its author embraces and a genre that not only features as a standard introduction for an infinite number of texts, but is also, in and of itself, a rich source of meaning. The dissertation proposes a literary approach for unearthing its depths of knowledge, termed the 'relational approach'. This approach identifies and focuses on the various relations and associations, highlighted and evoked by a Tahmid despite its usual conciseness, which are the source of its vitality. Drawing upon a broad range of samples, the study also delineates the common characteristics and trends of the Tahmid tradition as a whole, and focuses on its distinctiveness and significance in Fatimid-Tayyibi literature ('Fatimid-Tayyibi' refers to Ismili Musta'lian Tayyibi Shiites in Fatimid Egypt as well as their spiritual successors in Yemen and India, commonly known as the Da'udi Bohras). Following the introduction, the thesis is structured on a chronological basis in three parts. Section-I (chapters 1-3) traces the development of Tahmid from its origins to maturity as a distinct genre in Arabic prose. Section-II (chapter-4), building on the literary-history presented in the previous section, presents a methodology for the analysis of Tahmid and applies it to a selection of examples. Section-III (chapters 5-7) focuses on the unique characteristics of Fatimid-Tayyibi Tahmids and presents an analysis of a number of examples. The section ends with a case-study of a Tahmid in one of the Fatimid-Tayyibi Da'i Syedna Taher Saifuddin's (d. 1385/1965) risalahs. The question posited in the title of this thesis, 'is the Tahmid a literary genre?' is answered in the Conclusion. An appendix of Tahmids referred to in the thesis and illustrative samples, especially from the Fatimid-Tayyibi manuscripts, accompanies the dissertation in a separate volume.
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Tabatabaei, Lotfi Esmat al-Sadat. "Ijtihad in Twelver Shi-ism : the interpretation and application of Islamic law in the context of changing Muslim society." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1999. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/415/.
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The purpose of the thesis is to investigate whether Islamic laws, without relaxing the nature of the Shari 'a, could be expanded and adapted to meet the changing needs of modem Muslim societies. The focus is on the Shi'ites' approach to the law with special reference to the debates in Iran following Imam Khomeini's emphasis on the "role of the time and place in Utihad". The thesis suggests that scientific knowledge in different areas should play a role in jtihad beside the judgements of those possessing the accomplishments necessary to be a qualified mujtahid. The first three of the seven chapters are designed to provide a general overview of Shi 'i law, the concept of tihad and its development and also the sources and the methodology of tihad (usul al-fiqh) among the Shi'ite 'ulama. The fourth chapter discusses the relation between Utihad and the comprehensiveness of the Shari'a, and examines the different theories introduced by both traditional 'ulama and Muslim modernists in adapting Islamic law to the requirements of the modern age. The fifth chapter focuses on the "role of the time and place" in tihad, and the ways and principles through which changes in the law may be justified. In investigating the stages through which a mujtahid may find out the rulings of the Shari 'a on a particular subject, some new and controversial issues including insurance policies, Islamic banking, human dissection, organ donation, and woman's right to judge and to be followed are discussed briefly in the sixth chapter. By studying and examining in detail the rulings of the Shari'a, as extracted by some leading fuqaha, on the new reproductive technologies, artificial insemination, in vitro fertilisation and human cloning, it is shown how scientific knowledge can affect the procedure of jjtihad. Overall it is concluded that participation of the fuqaha in regulating the law and giving practical instruction regarding different problems requires the authorisation of division in ijtihad and cooperation between mujtahidun and scientific authorities on various subjects. It is by recognising these necessities and considering the conditions of the time that they may be able to bring Islamic law successfully into harmony with the requirements of modern life.
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Moon, Shane Phoenix. "The Search for Meaning and Morality in the Works of Cormac McCarthy." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1431165514.
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Al-Shabaan, Ahmad Muhammad. "The role of education in maintaining the Islamic identity of Muslims in Bradford." Thesis, University of Hull, 2000. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4445.
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This study is an investigation into the British Muslim communities in Bradford, to identify which types of problems might threaten their Islamic identity and suggest possible solutions to assist those people to maintain their identity. The main aim of this study was to identify whether the educational setting in the school, mosque, home and society can challenge the Islamic identity and whether those factors could play a vital role in preserving such identity. To achieve these aims, two phases of research have been conducted. First, documentary evidence has been collected to see the background to the problem. Second, an empirical study has been carried out to ascertain the views of 160 Muslim pupils and 149 Muslim parents in Bradford. The empirical study was in two parts. The main study was in Bradford. This main survey was preceded by two preliminary -field studies, one carried out in Mirpur, which is the place of origin of a large number of Muslim parents in Bradford, and the second in Bradford. Three types of interviews were carried out with different groups of people to obtain information that can help in investigating the factors which underlie the sense of threat to identity. The documentary study, the exploratory interviews and findings from a questionnaire survey led to identification of four lists of requirements covering the four fields: school, mosque, home and society. The main findings reflected that British Muslims face challenges to their Islamic identity in all the fields mentioned above. Problems stem from both groups, Muslim and non Muslim. They also reflect a cultural gap between Muslim youths and their parents and between Muslims and non Muslims. Education could play a very important role to fill this gap.
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Antonova, Antonia Ivo. "Finding Truth in Literature." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/992.
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This thesis uses Amy Kind’s defense of epistemic relevance in imagination to examine how and when true beliefs imparted in literary imaginings are justified as knowledge. I will show that readers’ literary imaginings must pass a test of epistemic relevance, as well as be paired with a strong affirming emotional response in order to justify the truth behind the beliefs they impart. I believe the justificatory affective response is a kind of non-propositional emotional imagining, distinct from the type of literary imaginings that initially imparted the beliefs. Due to this thesis’ focus on the justificatory power of literary imaginings related to emotion, my work shows how literature can provide new knowledge to the philosophical realms of ethics and emotion. Literary implications in other types of philosophical inquiry still remain unexplored.
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Kerr, Joanna. "Learning from the novel : feminism, philosophy, literature." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26656.
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Analytic philosophy since Plato has been notoriously hostile to literature, and yet in recent years, increasing numbers of philosophers within the tradition have sought to take seriously the question of how it is that literature can be philosophical. Analytic philosophy has also been noted for its hostility to women and resistance to feminism. In this thesis I seek to make connections between firstly the prejudice against, and then the potential for, the contribution of the perspectives of literature and feminism in philosophy, attempting to answer simultaneously the two questions; How can literature be philosophical? How can feminists write philosophy? In the sense that I attempt to take these questions seriously, and answer them precisely, this thesis fits into the analytic philosophical tradition. However, my response to these questions, and thus the majority of this thesis, takes the form of a non-traditional demonstration of the philosophical potential of literature presented through three feminist literary genres; autographical fiction, utopian fiction, and detective fiction. Using generic divisions seems to be an appropriate strategy for reclaiming literature as philosophical, since it suggests an identification with the Aristotelian defence of literary arts against Plato's assault. However, I will argue that these literary genres have traditionally been defined in terms which prohibit a philosophical reading. I will expose and then recover this anti-philosophical bias, particularly when it coincides with feminist genre revisions. This recovery will take the form of a philosophical reconceptualizing of each genre, and a specific comparative analysis of two texts adopted as representative of each genre as I conceive it. In this way I hope to show that it is not only possible, but highly advantageous, to learn from the novel.
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Klar, Marianna. "A popular retelling of Islamic stories : Job, Saul, David and Noah as portrayed in Tha#labiÌ?'s #Ara'is al majalis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251469.
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Long, William. "A critical analysis of Muslim reappraisals of traditional Islamic Christology : an inquiry into Sufism, the Ahmadiyah and other selected models." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300613.
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Davis, C. "Michael Tournier : Philosophy and fiction." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375871.
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Walmsley, Peter Samuel. "The rhetoric of Berkeley's philosophy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254447.
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