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1
Rigby, Nigel. "A sea of islands : tropes of travel and adventure in the Pacific 1846-1894." Thesis, University of Kent, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282512.
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Clayton, Jeffrey Scott Keirstead Christopher M. "Discourses of race and disease in British and American travel writing about the South Seas 1870-1915." Auburn, Ala., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1996.
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Salter, Tiffany M. "Decolonizing Forms:Linguistic Practice, Experimentation, and U.S. Empire in Asian American and Pacific Islander Literature." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1494246148681761.
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Close, Anne-Sophie. "Visions croisées dans la littérature du Grand Océan: approche comparatistes des littératures francophones et anglophones de Polynésie." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209163.
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Ancrée dans les réalités du monde océanien contemporain et prenant comme thématique centrale les questions de la représentation de la terre et du lien à la terre, cette recherche doctorale consiste en une analyse comparative et écocritique des textes et contextes formant le champ particulier des littératures autochtones produites en Polynésie, tant en français qu’en anglais. Les problématiques environnementales et la question de l’attachement à la terre sont au cœur des œuvres littéraires polynésiennes contemporaines, tant francophones qu’anglophones, dont elles permettent de questionner la parenté. Le choix d’une approche critique novatrice et originale, basée sur les "postcolonial ecologies", permet de faire dialoguer « texte » et « monde » et d’ainsi toucher à l’universel. En s’attachant à certaines problématiques humanitaires et écologiques cruciales, dont l’urgence se fait de plus en plus pressante en cette ère où le réchauffement climatique et les pollutions multiples mettent en péril la survie de nombreuses cultures et écosystèmes, ce travail doctoral dépasse le domaine purement littéraire et réaffirme avec force le pouvoir de l’imagination poétique dans la réinvention d’un autre rapport au monde, plus juste socialement et écologiquement.Par le choix de son objet autant que par celui de sa méthode, où le dialogue interdisciplinaire et interculturel occupe une place essentielle, cette étude se veut doublement novatrice. Elle embrasse plusieurs objectifs. Premièrement, faire connaître une production littéraire francophone largement méconnue, issue d’une aire géographique et culturelle spécifique (la Polynésie). Deuxièmement, renforcer le dialogue trans-océanique grâce à la confrontation des productions francophones et anglophones, et s’inscrire ainsi pleinement dans l’actualité de la recherche sur les littératures océaniennes. Troisièmement, usant des apports de ce dialogue et des outils proposés par l’analyse écocritique, poser la question de l’existence ou non d’un univers littéraire trans-linguistique et océanien. Quatrièmement, contribuer à enrichir et éclairer les théories littéraires écocritiques grâce aux spécificités et aux problématiques soulevées par les littératures polynésiennes. Œuvres littéraires et méthode critique s’inscrivent donc dans un processus d’échanges et de retours constant et dynamique, s’éclairant réciproquement afin de parvenir à une compréhension mutuelle plus profonde et féconde de nouvelles possibilités.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
5
Boxall, Sheryl Maree. "Pacific Islands Forum: Facilitating Regional Security Cooperation." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Political Science and Communication, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/952.
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Oceania is an example of a region where traditional security theory based on historical enmity and competition does not fit. A history of amity and cooperation has evolved through regionalism and the region's pre-eminent organisation, the Pacific Islands Forum (the Forum). In 2004, the Forum was tasked to develop the 'Pacific Plan' (the Plan) to facilitate closer cooperation and deeper integration. Security is one of the four pillars of the Plan. The objective of this thesis is to analyse the institutions of the Forum as facilitators of regional security cooperation. The Forum is reviewed and the idea of a logic of action is introduced. To help explain security in an environment with a history of cooperation, traditional security theory is re-defined. A security environment equation is created as a framework to help analyse the Forum's structures and security mechanisms. The Forum Regional Security Committee is examined closely resulting in suggestions to strengthen the region's security environment.
6
Ueleni, Talaivosa. "Ecotourism development in the South Pacific Islands : a sustainable alternative for mass tourism in Fiji Islands /." Electronic version of summary Electronic version of examination, 2004. http://www.wul.waseda.ac.jp/gakui/gaiyo/3947.pdf.
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Niendorf, Matthew John. "'A Land Not Exactly Flowing with Milk & Honey': Swan River Mania in the British Isles and Western Australia 1827-1832." W&M ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626984.
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Loxley, D. "Problematic shores : The literature of islands." Thesis, University of Essex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376744.
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Woodhead, J. D. "Geochemistry of volcanic rocks from the Northern Mariana islands, West Pacific." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379957.
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Hoffmann, Kamila. "Professional development across the islands of the South Pacific : A qualitative study of blended learning facilitators in the Cook Islands." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-117483.
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Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are having remarkable effects and promise potential solutions to many of the South Pacific islands’ geographic, economic and social challenges. Access to ICTs is also an increasingly important factor for education and training in the region. While the Pacific eLearning Observatory, supported by the University of the South Pacific, has been monitoring the development and access to ICT in education across the 12 university’s campuses, studies that specifically examine the attitudes and understanding of educators working on the islands of the South Pacific towards the use of ICT in their profession, as well as for their professional development, are rare. This study aims at addressing the gap in the literature by examining the professional development of facilitators working in blended learning environment across the remote islands of the Cook Islands. The research outcomes of this study are based on the analysis of in-depth, semi-structured interviews, and the theoretical foundation of this thesis is grounded in the social and situated theory of learning. By closely examining the facilitators’ perceptions, the project sheds new light on the still little recognised concept of online communities of practice in teaching and learning. The central finding of the study is that participation in online communities of practice offers on-going opportunities for learning, development and support, and reduces the feeling of remoteness and isolation associated with the geographical conditions of the South Pacific region.
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Titjen, Jeremy Quentin. "Tertiary limestones and sedimentary dykes on Chatham Islands, southwest Pacific Ocean, New Zealand." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2411.
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The Chatham Islands are located in the SW Pacific Ocean, approximately 850 km to the east of the South Island of New Zealand. This small group of islands is situated near the eastern margin of the Chatham Rise, an elongated section of submerged continental crust that represents part of the Late Paleozoic-Mesozoic Gondwana accretionary margin. The location and much of the geology of the Chatham Islands are attributed to intra-plate basaltic volcanism, initiated during the Late Cretaceous, in association with development of a failed rifting system to the south of the Chatham Rise. Despite the volcanic nature of much of the geology, the majority of the Cenozoic sedimentary stratigraphic record on the islands comprises non-tropical skeletal carbonate deposits whose deposition was often coeval with submarine volcanics and volcaniclastic deposits. This has resulted in complex stratigraphic relationships, with the volcanic geology exerting a strong influence on the geometry and distribution of the carbonate deposits. These limestones, despite some general field descriptions, have been little studied and are especially poorly understood from a petrographic and diagenetic perspective. The carbonate geology in detail comprises eleven discrete limestone units of Late Cretaceous through to Pleistocene age which were studied during two consecutive field expeditions over the summers of 2005 and 2006. These limestone occurrences are best exposed in scattered coastal outcrops where they form prominent rugged bluffs. While many of the younger (Oligocene to Pliocene) outcrops comprise of poorly exposed, thin and eroded limestone remnants (it;5 m thick), older (Late Paleocene to Early Oligocene) exposures can be up to 100 m in thickness. The character of these limestones is highly variable. In outcrop they display a broad range of textures and skeletal compositions, often exhibit cross-bedding, display differing degrees of porosity occlusion by cementation, and may include rare silicified horizons and evidence of hardground formation. Petrographically the limestones are skeletal grainstones and packstones with a typical compositional makeup of about 70% skeletal material, 10% siliciclasts, and 20% cement/matrix. Localised increases in siliciclastics occur where the carbonates are diluted by locally-derived volcaniclastics. The spectrum of skeletal assemblages identified within the Chatham Island limestones is diverse and appears in many cases to be comparable to the bryozoan dominant types common in mainland New Zealand and mid-latitude Australian cool-water carbonates in general. However, some key departures from the expected cool-water carbonate skeletal makeup have been identified in this study. The occurrence of stromatolitic algal mats in Late Cretaceous and Early Eocene carbonate deposits indicates not cool-temperate, but certainly warm-temperate paleoclimatic conditions. A change to cool-temperate conditions is recorded in the limestone flora/fauna from the mid-Late Miocene times following the development and later northward movement of the Subtropical Front. An uncharacteristic mix of shallow-shelf (bryozoans) and deeper water fauna (planktic foraminifera), together with their highly fragmented and abraded nature, is indicative of the likely remobilisation and redistribution of carbonate, primarily during episodic storm events. The Chatham Islands limestones formed within the relative tectonic stability of an oceanic island setting, which was conducive to ongoing carbonate accumulation throughout much of the Cenozoic. This contrasts markedly with other mainland New Zealand shelf carbonates which formed over sporadic and short-lived geological periods, experiencing greater degrees of burial cementation controlled by a relatively more active tectonic setting. As a consequence of the tectonically stable setting, the Chatham Islands limestones have experienced little burial and exhibit a paucity of burial cementation effects. They remain commonly soft and friable. Detailed petrographic investigations have shown the limestones are variably cemented by rare uneven acicular spar fringes, poorly to well-developed syntaxial rim cements about echinoderm fragments, and equant/blocky microsparite. Staining of thin sections and cathodoluminescence petrography show these spar cement generations are non-ferroan and their very dull- to non-luminescent nature supports precipitation from Mn-poor oxygenated waters, likely of an either meteoric or combined marine/shallow burial origin. Micrite is the dominant intra- and inter-particle pore fill and occurs both as a microbioclastic matrix and as precipitated homogenous and/or micropeloidal cement. The rare fringing cements often seen in association with homogenous and/or micropeloidal micrite may be indicative of true early marine (seafloor) cement precipitation and localised hardground development. An interesting feature of the geology of the Chatham Islands is the occurrence of carbonate material within sedimentary dykes. The locations of the dykes are in association with volcanic and volcaniclastic deposits. Similarities between dyke characteristics at Red Bluff on Chatham Island with mainland occurrences from East Coast and Canterbury Basins (North and South Islands, respectively) on mainland New Zealand have been recognised. They show complex structures including sidewall striations, internal flow structures as revealed by grain sorting, and extra-clast inclusions of previous fill lithologies which are characteristic of carbonate injection. This is in contrast to other dykes which are known to be of a passive fill origin. Multiple phases of carbonate sediment injection can be recognised by crosscutting relationships enabling the determination of a parasequence of events. Possible injection mechanisms are most likely associated with sediment overloading or hydrothermal pressurisation associated with emplacement of submarine volcanics. The Chatham Islands provide an exciting example of a geologically unique and complex non-tropical carbonate depositional setting. The production of carbonates is controlled by volcanic and volcaniclastic sediment input with the types of carbonate deposits and water depth variations related to thermal uplift/subsidence in association with global eustatic sealevel and temperature changes associated with development of Southern Ocean water fronts from the Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic. Carbonate deposition on the Chatham Islands is considered to relate to a rather variable and small scale oceanic, high energy, cool-water carbonate ramp setting whose geometry was continually evolving/changing as a consequence of periodic volcanic episodes.
12
Mamoe, Ati Henry. "The Impact of Marketisation on Pacific Islands Secondary School Students: A Christchurch Experience." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Pacific Studies, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/998.
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This research examines the impact of marketisation on Pacific Islands students in Christchurch high schools. Specifically, this study targeted the Tomorrow's Schools policy released in 1990 with particular interest in the changes in zoning laws. These changes theoretically allowed the consumers of education (the parents and students) equal access to all secondary schools by breaking down the zones and creating a free market where 'choice' and competition reigned supreme. However, this study along with others found that in actual fact it was the 'popular' schools with enrolment schemes who had the power to choose what students they preferred. Schools were left to compete for those students deemed' undesirable' by popular schools. This study found that a dis-empowerment of the schools' enrolment schemes needs to occur in Christchurch. Obviously, on the other hand, an empowerment of Pacific Islands parents and students through the increase of information also needs to occur. Although the government has made small steps toward making the problem more visible, more definitive work needs to be done in this area. This study also examined the achievement of Pacific Islands students at a national and at a sample level and discovered that has been very little improvement in this area over the time the Tomorrow's Schools policy has been in operation. Therefore, this study ventures into an analysis of this problem and suggests possible remedies. Again, this study argues that students must be actively empowered by teachers, schools, the government, and by their own people, in order to break down the physical, mental and even spiritual battles that Pacific Islands students face in the New Zealand education system.
13
Baker, Kerryn. "The meanings of success in gender quota campaigns in the Pacific Islands region." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149825.
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Subramani. "South Pacific literature : from myth to fabulation /." Suva : University of the South Pacific, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35508666f.
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Webber, Sophie Rachel. "Adaptation ecologies : circuits of climate change finance, policy, and science in the Pacific Islands." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54381.
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In order to address the expected impacts of climate change, international development institutions have instigated adaptation projects and policies. These efforts promise to mitigate anticipated harms in vulnerable-to-climate-change social and ecological systems. This dissertation examines the operation and dissemination of adaptation projects and policies in the context of small island states in the Pacific region. It also explores the important role that the pre-eminent development institution, the World Bank, plays in programming adaptation. The research questions explored here are: i) How do finance, policy and science circulate in the name of adaptation? ii) What do the circulation of finance, policy and science achieve for adaptation in Kiribati and Solomon Islands? and iii) Why is the World Bank invested in adaptation, or what does adaptation do for the World Bank and other developmental actors? In answering these questions, I draw from multi-sited primary fieldwork, participant observation, and documentary analysis: at the World Bank in Washington, DC and Sydney, within the public bureaucracies of Australia, Kiribati, and Solomon Islands, and with regional organizations and development partners in the Pacific region. This dissertation posits the emergence of a Pacific Adaptation Complex. The analytical concept of the Pacific Adaptation Concept recognizes the vast institutional arrangements, configurations of expertise, and project technologies that come together to make adaptation happen. Within the Complex, experimental nodes are key, as are multi-directional flows. Yet, I find that, overwhelmingly, flows and investments for adaptation are dogged by persistent stickiness, and a rhetorical attention to mobility and success that is indifferent to practical outcomes. However, the promise of adaptation finance, policy, and science works through failing development institutions and imaginaries, allowing reinvention in an era of development crisis.Arts, Faculty of
Geography, Department of
Graduate
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Caird, Felicity. "The strategic significance of the Pacific islands in New Zealand's defence policy, 1935-1939." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of History, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4263.
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The formation of defence policy, like that of any
policy, is by nature a continually changing process. In
the four years prior to the Second World War, New
Zealand's defence policy saw a transition of emphasis and
a focus on the Pacific. During the years 1935 to 1939,
the strategic significance of the Pacific Islands was
recognised and became an accepted part of New Zealand
defence policy. The aim of this thesis is to show how
the islands achieved this level of importance. It is
first necessary, however, to define the issues involved.
Defence policy cannot be totally separated from
foreign policy but must rather be seen as one facet of it.
"After all, the essential aims of New Zealand's foreign
policy ... are to protect the national security, to promote
the national interests, and to advance a national viewpoint
on matters of concern to us." Defence policy is central
to the first of these objectives, the maintenance of
national security. Defence policy is then itself divided
into different categories. In this thesis the terms
'imperial defence, 'regional defence' and 'local defence'
are used. Imperial defence refers to defence schemes of
the British Empire (which included New Zealand), and in
particular the Singapore strategy of dependence on a
British Fleet being stationed at Singapore. Local defence
refers to defence policy as related to the defence of New
Zealand territory. Finally regional defence is used to
denote defence planning which has extended out of New
Zealand territory into the Pacific area. The advent of
Japan as a potential threat to New Zealand in the thirties
necessitated a reassessment of Dominion defence planning.
The scale of attack was expected to be in the form of raids,
that is, if Japan decided to expand southwards, she would
first occupy Pacific Islands close to New Zealand which
could then act as jump-off bases for raids on the Dominion.
Consequently New Zealand had to extend her local defence
planning on to a regional scale so as to protect the
Pacific Islands as well as New Zealand itself.
The term "Pacific Islands" is often used quite
loosely in this thesis, ,and it does not specify which
islands are being referred to. In this context the term
"is intended to define that part of Oceania which is
contained ln the ... New Zealand Naval Station"* not
including the mainland of New Zealand. The islands of
particular concern are to the north of New Zealand and
include, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Fanning Island, Niue, and
the Tokelau and Cook Islands. Other islands are dealt
with for various reasons, but it is these islands,
especially Fiji and Fanning Island, to which New Zealand
extends her defence responsibilities.
There were intimations before 1935 of the importance
of the Pacific Islands to New Zealand, but it was not until
after the first Labour Government came to power that the
significance of the islands in New Zealand's defence
planning was established. It must be stressed at this
stage that the importance of the islands never surpassed
that of imperial defence but rather regional defence
was elevated to a parity with imperial defence by the
time of the Pacific Defence Conference. The catalyst
and influence of the Labour Government on defence policy
are examined in Chapter Two. Particular emphasis is
given to the growth of the Air Force and the role of
Group-Captain Cochrane in its development into an
effective armed service. The Air Force receives such
special attention because its emergence as the most
suitable means of defence for New Zealand facilitated the
extension of defence planning into the Pacific Islands.
Air power necessitated concern for the islands and the
emergence of longer range aircraft made reconnaissance
and the monitoring of Japanese actions in the islands
possible. The Navy and Army were of course still as
important as they had been before the rise of the Air
Force, but they have only been dealt with in passing
because it is the Air Force which in particular contributes
to the significance of the islands.
It was not only military air power which enhanced
the islands' importance, but civil aviation also played
a vital role. Chapter Three traces the development of
commercial aviation, and in particular that of Pan American
Airways, in the Pacific and the consequent "island scramble"
to assert sovereignty and gain landing rights in the
islands. Attention is also given to the 1937 Imperial
Conference which marks a turning point in attitudes within
the Empire towards the importance of the Pacific Islands.
Chapter Four sees action in the Pacific gain momentum.
Island surveys, of a preliminary nature had already been
made, but by late 1938 the urgency to establish island
bases coupled with the deteriorating international situation
resulted in a more extensive expedition than ever before.
The New Zealand Pacific Aviation Survey concluded in 1939
in time for the report to be used by the Pacific Defence
Conference. This Conference, initiated and hosted by
New Zealand, exemplified the significance of the Pacific
Islands by 1939. Thus it can be seen how the islands
became such an important and integral part of New Zealand's
defence thinking by the eve of the Second World War.
17
Fair, Hannah. "'Not drowning but fighting' : faith, activism, and climate change narratives in the Pacific Islands." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10052483/.
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Climate change is a critical issue for the Pacific Islands, in terms of its current and future impacts. However, many journalistic and academic accounts reiterate an ‘inevitable inundation discourse’: a narrative that represents Pacific Islanders as hopeless and helpless victims of climate change and their homelands as already lost to rising seas. To further critique this inaccurate and disempowering discourse, this research explores counter-narratives that can be offered in its place. Emphasising the status of those affected by climate change as political actors, and recognising the shortage of research into civil society responses, I concentrate on the understandings and practices of Pacific Islander climate activists. Ethnographic research and interviews were conducted with a Pan-Pacific network of Islander climate activists – Pacific Climate Warriors – who had converged in Australia to campaign against coal. Analysed using Hau’ofa’s ‘Sea of Islands’ vision, these Warriors embodied forms of Oceanic regionalism through the forging of kin-like connection and expressions of composite Pan-Pacific identities and enacted forms of world enlargement, countering the belittlement of the Pacific perpetuated by the inevitable inundation discourse. Their manifestation of regionalism was predicated upon difference rather than homogeneity, in terms of their ‘relative altitudinal privilege’, complicating representations of them as equally on the front lines of climate change. Further research was conducted in Vanuatu, with a particular focus on priests. Reductive analyses that present religion as a barrier to climate change adaptation are challenged. Instead, the complexity and heterogeneity of religious responses to climate change are demonstrated through the identification of multiple articulations of the Noah story and their corresponding ethical and political imaginaries. All these retellings in their own ways foreground Islander agency, providing locally meaningful and morally compelling counter-narratives of climate change in the Pacific Island region.
18
Brentnall, Stuart James. "The impact of the Galapagos Islands on the dynamics of the equatorial East Pacific." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/42082/.
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Small changes in the sea-surface temperature (SST) distribution in the equatorial Pacific are known to have large consequences for the weather and climate on regional and even global scales. A detailed knowledge of the SST patterns is therefore necessary if we are to understand and predict these effects thoroughly. Effort has hitherto been concentrated on understanding the dynamics of the West Pacific Warm Pool, but attention is now shifting to the eastern Cold Tongue region. This thesis contributes to this programme by assessing the impact of one unique feature of the equatorial East Pacific; the presence on the equator of a medium-sized island group - the Galapagos Archipelago. The project is carried through using a combination of: in situ oceanographic data from ships and moorings; satellite SST and colour images; and diagnostics from both a sophisticated ocean general circulation model and a simplified (reduced gravity) model. Each model was run both with and without a representation of the Galapagos. It is found that under typical conditions the islands form the eastern boundary of the cold tongue; the lowest equatorial SSTs in the Pacific occur on the west coast of the main islands of the group. As well as preventing the cold tongue from extending any further east, the islands also cool the sea surface still further for a distance of some 1000 km to the west. For the first 100 km or so the cooling is of the order of 1C; on the larger scale it is more like 0.1C. This cooling is a result of hydraulically enhanced upwelling of waters from the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC), which is best explained by a Bernoulli-type (non-rotating, non-linear) theory. This theory also predicts that water parcels in the EUC will undergo vertical excursions on their passage around the north and south coasts of the islands; these excursions are observed in at least one numerical model. Downstream of the archipelago the EUC usually reunites and executes inertial oscillations, meandering about the equator. Transport in the EUC is also reduced because of the presence of the islands, by 30-50% to the east of the islands and by up to 20% to the west. Enhanced SST variability north and south of the equator immediately to the west of the Galapagos indicates that tropical instability waves (TIWs) are more active here than they would be were the islands absent. This is due to a pair of barotropically unstable zonal jets originating at the northern and southern tips of the islands. These jets are consistent with the theory of low-frequency flow past equatorial islands on the beta plane (which predicts that the South Equatorial Current will split into two such jets on encountering such an island), although weaker jets are found in models with no representation of the Galapagos. As with the cold tongue, the islands form the eastern limit of the region where these jets are found.
19
Hayes, Lisa Simone. "Food for thought: the health of Pacific Islands young people in New Zealand : An Analysis Of The Dietary And Lifestyle Behaviours Of Pacific Islands Adolescents, And The Potential Long-Term Effects Of These Behaviours Upon Health." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Pacific Studies, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/976.
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The aim of this thesis is to provide an overview of the health of Pacific Islands young people in New Zealand, with a particular emphasis on the effects of their dietary and lifestyle behaviours upon long-term health. This research is based on the observation that noncommunicable, or life-style, diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for Pacific Islands people in New Zealand, that these diseases are invariably attributable to dietary and lifestyle habits, and that these habits become instilled during the adolescent period. Three main methods were undertaken to achieve this aim. The first constituted a review of literature concerning the health of Pacific Islands people in New Zealand, including a discussion of what health means to Pacific Islands people, along with the main health issues that this population encounters. The importance of food to Pacific Islands people is also considered in this review, along with the influence of diet on Pacific Islands people's disease patterns. Existing studies concerning the dietary habits of Pacific Islands youth are also detailed. The second stage of the research involved conducting research into the health of Pacific Islands young people in Christchurch, based in part on the methodology and findings of these previous studies. As the thesis will show, while Christchurch has the fourth largest Pacific Islands population in New Zealand, this population is considerably smaller than those in other main centres. This means that Pacific Islands people have less health resources and services available to them. This research revealed that Pacific Islands young people in Christchurch, and in New Zealand in general, consume a diet that is high in fat and low in other nutrients. Research into the health of Pacific Islands young people is deemed necessary to help to counter the high incidence of lifestyle related diseases in the adult population. Further, by identifying potential health outlooks for the future generation of Pacific Islands adults, research in Christchurch will be useful in ensuring that services and resources to meet Pacific Islands people's specific health needs.
20
Way, Jessica Margaret. "The Preservation and Deconstruction of Hawaii Plantation Style Architecture: A iea, Waipahu, and Ewa." W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626622.
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MacKenzie, Garry Ross. "Landscapes in modern poetry : gardens, forests, rivers, islands." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5910.
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This thesis considers a selection of modern landscape poetry from an ecocritical perspective, arguing that this poetry demonstrates how the term landscape might be re-imagined in relation to contemporary environmental concerns. Each chapter discusses poetic responses to a different kind of landscape: gardens, forests, rivers and islands. Chapter One explores how, in the poetry of Ian Hamilton Finlay, Douglas Dunn, Louise Glück and David Harsent, gardens are culturally constructed landscapes in which ideas of self, society and environment are contemplated; I ask whether gardening provides a positive example of how people might interact with the natural world. My second chapter demonstrates that for Sorley MacLean, W.S. Merwin, Susan Stewart and Kathleen Jamie, forests are sites of memory and sustainable ‘dwelling', but that deforestation threatens both the ecology and the culture of these landscapes. Chapter Three compares river poems by Ted Hughes and Alice Oswald, considering their differing approaches to river sources, mystical immersion in nature, water pollution and poetic experimentation; I discuss how in W.S. Graham's poetry the sea provides a complex image of the phenomenal world similar to Oswald's river. The final chapter examines the extent to which islands in poetry are pastoral landscapes and environmental utopias, looking in particular at poems by Dunn, Robin Robertson, Iain Crichton Smith and Jen Hadfield. I reflect upon the potential for island poetry to embrace narratives of globalisation as well as localism, and situate the work of George Mackay Brown and Robert Alan Jamieson within this context. I engage with a range of ecocritical positions in my readings of these poets and argue that the linguistic creativity, formal inventiveness and self-reflexivity of poetry constitute a distinctive contribution to contemporary understandings of landscape and the environment.
22
Collins, Dominic Noel. "Forced Migration and Resettlement in the Pacific - Development of a Model addressing the Resettlement of Forced Migrants in the Pacific Islands Region from Analysis of the Banaban and Bikinian Cases." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3234.
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There are currently several potential threats to the long-term habitability of many atolls and islands in the Pacific Islands region, with environmental change appearing the most serious. Minimal attention has been given to the possibility that migrants forced from uninhabitable islands will require resettlement en masse, and assessing past resettlements is crucial to planning for what the future my hold.
Population resettlement is not a new phenomenon in the Pacific Islands region, yet recently it has been neglected by academics. This study builds on past work by Bedford and assesses the current literature in the fields of population resettlement and forced migration, finding that the situation threatening the Pacific Islands is not adequately addressed by any of the planning or analytical tools available. A model based predominantly on the work of Cernea and Muggah was developed by the author to account for this theoretical shortcoming.
The model is used to assess the past cases of resettlement from Banaba and Bikini Atoll, identifying variables which influence the success of resettlement. Conclusions are drawn from the case studies and recommendations for how to avoid negative outcomes in future resettlements are made. This study advances the current literature, provides an in-depth analysis of pressing yet hitherto avoided issues, and can inform both foreign and domestic policy planning in not just Pacific Island states, but receiver states and other potentially effected islands or atolls regardless of region.
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Ainsworth, Nathan James. "Strategy creation for Engineers Without Borders New Zealand’s Pacific Island engineering development projects." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Engineering Management, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7447.
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Engineers Without Borders New Zealand (EWBNZ) has recently reached a stage in its organisational growth where a new strategy is needed to ensure its future engineering development initiatives are more consistent with its guiding philosophy of delivering sustainable long term development projects. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the perceptions of the committee tasked with delivering projects revealed a preference for a strategy which enabled ‘placement’ type projects. To develop this strategy a qualitative analysis was conducted which focused on ascertaining what strategies and organisational structures are employed by comparable EWB organisations to deliver development projects. This process revealed EWB Australia to have a placement project process model which was deemed as the most acceptable to replicate. An implementation strategy and supporting set of recommendations were provided for this new placement project strategy. The most significant recommendation given to support this new strategy was to concentrate EWBNZ’s resources by prioritising projects in only two of the four countries EWBNZ currently operates. The countries deemed a strategic priority were Samoa and Tonga.
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O'Connell, Nicholas. "On sacred ground : the landscape literature of the Pacific Northwest /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9398.
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East, Andrew John. "A future in the past : urban agroforestry systems in future planned urban settlements in Kiribati, a Pacific case study." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/19333/2/Andrew_East_Citation.pdf.
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In the last 50 years, Pacific Island Countries (PICs) have experienced unprecedented levels of urban development. During this time, the general failure of traditional industrialised planning models to be successfully adapted in PICs has resulted in the need to explore alternative models for urban settlement in the Pacific. In this way, the incorporation of tree based agricultural systems (agroforestry) into urban settlements has considerable potential to address many of the problems associated with rapid urbanisation such as food security, waste management, environmental degradation and unemployment. Research in the Pacific has already shown how urban agroforestry systems can improve food security, increase access to nutritional foods, recycle organic waste, create employment and protect fragile ecological systems. However, in Pacific towns and cities urban agroforestry systems are rarely developed beyond a homegarden setting. The growth of urban centres in the Republic of Kiribati is an example of the challenges confronting many rapidly urbanising PICs. With infertile soils, severely restricted land and water resources and an emerging economy, Kiribati is a developing nation where sustainable development faces some of its greatest challenges. Due to rapidly expanding urban populations, the Kiribati Government is currently investigating the development of future planned urban settlements. In such a scenario, potential exists to extend urban agroforestry systems beyond a homegarden setting and explore alternative models for sustainable urbanisation in the Pacific. This research uses a mixed methods case study approach to investigate the potential role of food producing urban agroforestry systems in future planned urban settlements in Kiribati. More specifically, qualitative procedures are used to explore issues surrounding the promotion and development of urban agroforestry systems in future planned urban settlements while quantitative procedures are used to analyse the nutritional contribution of these systems. Findings from this study show that although urban agroforestry is a highly sustainable land use it faces two main challenges in Kiribati: (i) people’s perception that urban agroforestry systems are a relatively low value land use and (ii) the general inability of the Kiribati Government to effectively regulate urban land uses. However, in the event that urban agroforestry systems were deliberately included at a settlement wide scale beyond a homegarden setting, this study highlights the initial importance of equally allocating productive lands to individual households. Furthermore, the results emphasise the value of simple on-site composting technologies as components of the broader urban agroforestry system. Finally, the marginal nature of the atoll environment is evident in findings on the nutritional contribution of urban agroforestry species in future planned urban settlements. In summary, while considerable constraints must be overcome to ensure the long term viability of planned urban agroforestry systems at a whole of settlement scale, it is argued that such an approach is one of the most cost effective, culturally acceptable and environmentally responsible methods for addressing a range of urban issues in the Pacific and is therefore an essential component to the design of future planned urban settlements in Kiribati.
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East, Andrew John. "A future in the past : urban agroforestry systems in future planned urban settlements in Kiribati, a Pacific case study." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/19333/.
Full textAbstract:
In the last 50 years, Pacific Island Countries (PICs) have experienced unprecedented levels of urban development. During this time, the general failure of traditional industrialised planning models to be successfully adapted in PICs has resulted in the need to explore alternative models for urban settlement in the Pacific. In this way, the incorporation of tree based agricultural systems (agroforestry) into urban settlements has considerable potential to address many of the problems associated with rapid urbanisation such as food security, waste management, environmental degradation and unemployment. Research in the Pacific has already shown how urban agroforestry systems can improve food security, increase access to nutritional foods, recycle organic waste, create employment and protect fragile ecological systems. However, in Pacific towns and cities urban agroforestry systems are rarely developed beyond a homegarden setting. The growth of urban centres in the Republic of Kiribati is an example of the challenges confronting many rapidly urbanising PICs. With infertile soils, severely restricted land and water resources and an emerging economy, Kiribati is a developing nation where sustainable development faces some of its greatest challenges. Due to rapidly expanding urban populations, the Kiribati Government is currently investigating the development of future planned urban settlements. In such a scenario, potential exists to extend urban agroforestry systems beyond a homegarden setting and explore alternative models for sustainable urbanisation in the Pacific. This research uses a mixed methods case study approach to investigate the potential role of food producing urban agroforestry systems in future planned urban settlements in Kiribati. More specifically, qualitative procedures are used to explore issues surrounding the promotion and development of urban agroforestry systems in future planned urban settlements while quantitative procedures are used to analyse the nutritional contribution of these systems. Findings from this study show that although urban agroforestry is a highly sustainable land use it faces two main challenges in Kiribati: (i) people’s perception that urban agroforestry systems are a relatively low value land use and (ii) the general inability of the Kiribati Government to effectively regulate urban land uses. However, in the event that urban agroforestry systems were deliberately included at a settlement wide scale beyond a homegarden setting, this study highlights the initial importance of equally allocating productive lands to individual households. Furthermore, the results emphasise the value of simple on-site composting technologies as components of the broader urban agroforestry system. Finally, the marginal nature of the atoll environment is evident in findings on the nutritional contribution of urban agroforestry species in future planned urban settlements. In summary, while considerable constraints must be overcome to ensure the long term viability of planned urban agroforestry systems at a whole of settlement scale, it is argued that such an approach is one of the most cost effective, culturally acceptable and environmentally responsible methods for addressing a range of urban issues in the Pacific and is therefore an essential component to the design of future planned urban settlements in Kiribati.
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Denton, Ashlie Denee. "Building Climate Empire| Power, Authority, and Knowledge within Pacific Islands Climate Change Diplomacy and Governance Networks." Thesis, Portland State University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10824754.
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Transnational networks are growing in prevalence and importance as states, nongovernmental, and intergovernmental organizations seek to meet climate change goals; yet, the organizations in these networks struggle between the global, technical and local, contextual sources of power, authority, and knowledge used to influence decision-making and governance. This dissertation analyzes these contestations in Pacific Islands climate change diplomacy and governance efforts by asking: i) What do power relations look like among the Pacific Islands’ networked organizations? ii) To what authority do organizations appeal to access sources of power? iii) What sources of knowledge are produced and reproduced by these organizations? and iv) How do these patterns fit within the broader history of the Pacific Islands and climate change? I draw from interviews, document analysis, event participation, and social network analysis of Pacific Island climate change diplomacy and governance. This examination leads me to propose the concept of "Climate Empire,” which can be understood as the network of knowledge and communicative services that imagine, build, and administer the globe through a decentralized and deterritorialized apparatus of rule.
In the Pacific Islands, Climate Empire upholds technical bureaucratic and scientific approaches to overcoming climate challenges; however, the global spaces in which these approaches are produced are reconnected with the spaces of local resistance through data collection networks and efforts to relocalize knowledge. Thus, the local/global divisions found in diplomacy and governance in the Pacific Islands collectively produce and reform Climate Empire as organizations interact in the network. Further research is necessary to understand the extensiveness of Climate Empire, as well as to ensure the inclusion and empowerment of Pacific Island voices in climate governance for both justice and efficacy.
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Denton, Ashlie Denée. "Building Climate Empire: Power, Authority, and Knowledge within Pacific Islands Climate Change Diplomacy and Governance Networks." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4401.
Full textAbstract:
Transnational networks are growing in prevalence and importance as states, nongovernmental, and intergovernmental organizations seek to meet climate change goals; yet, the organizations in these networks struggle between the global, technical and local, contextual sources of power, authority, and knowledge used to influence decision-making and governance. This dissertation analyzes these contestations in Pacific Islands climate change diplomacy and governance efforts by asking: i) What do power relations look like among the Pacific Islands' networked organizations? ii) To what authority do organizations appeal to access sources of power? iii) What sources of knowledge are produced and reproduced by these organizations? and iv) How do these patterns fit within the broader history of the Pacific Islands and climate change? I draw from interviews, document analysis, event participation, and social network analysis of Pacific Island climate change diplomacy and governance. This examination leads me to propose the concept of "Climate Empire," which can be understood as the network of knowledge and communicative services that imagine, build, and administer the globe through a decentralized and deterritorialized apparatus of rule.
In the Pacific Islands, Climate Empire upholds technical bureaucratic and scientific approaches to overcoming climate challenges; however, the global spaces in which these approaches are produced are reconnected with the spaces of local resistance through data collection networks and efforts to relocalize knowledge. Thus, the local/global divisions found in diplomacy and governance in the Pacific Islands collectively produce and reform Climate Empire as organizations interact in the network. Further research is necessary to understand the extensiveness of Climate Empire, as well as to ensure the inclusion and empowerment of Pacific Island voices in climate governance for both justice and efficacy.
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Butcher, Robert M. R. "Using alternate indicators to define need for public health intervention for trachoma : evidence from the Pacific Islands." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2017. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/4574556/.
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Introduction: Trachoma is the most common infectious cause of blindness worldwide. The presentation of trachoma in the Pacific small island states varies. This study focuses on Fiji, where the trichiasis prevalence recorded prior to this study was very high, and the Solomon Islands, where the prevalence of trachomatous inflammation – follicular (TF) is high enough to warrant intervention with mass antibiotic treatment, but there is apparently little or no trachomatous trichiasis (TT). This study aims to supplement clinical data with photographic and molecular tools to better characterise presentation and microbiological correlates of disease. Methods: Pre-intervention population-based prevalence surveys for trachoma were carried out independently and in conjunction with the Global Trachoma Mapping Project (GTMP). Additionally, one focused post-intervention survey was performed. Standardised clinical data collection was supplemented with ocular swab, dried blood spot and photograph collection. Quantitative and sequence-based nucleic acid techniques were used for targeted and nontargeted pathogen detection and characterisation. Enzyme immunoassays were used for serological analysis. Clinical data was supplemented with photographs. Results: Within the mosaic pattern of clinical trachoma in the Pacific, the prevalence of TT was found to be very low in Fiji and the Solomon Islands. Prevalence of ocular Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection in these countries was also very low. Further investigations in the Solomon Islands demonstrated Ct isolates found to be most closely related to ocular reference strains. Several pathogens that are known to cause follicular conjunctivitis were found, but neither frequency nor load of infection was associated with TF. Amplification of 16S ribosomal RNA amplicons showed diverse ocular microbial communities but no dominant metagenomic communities associated with TF. There is evidence of accumulation of mild scarring as age increases, but little evidence of severe scarring, or association between any trachoma phenotype and exposure to Ct. Conclusion: In Solomon Island communities studied, no evidence was found of significant burden of Ct infection, Ct transmission, trachomatous inflammation – intense, accumulation of severe scarring in older people or TT. We therefore suspect TF in the Solomon Islands to be of an as-yet unidentified aetiology. The WHO simplified grading system also appeared to lack diagnostic accuracy in Fiji. There are direct implications for implementation of control measures in the Pacific. There are additional connotations worldwide; as the global elimination effort continues and phenotypically similar conditions are unmasked, we suspect the positive predictive value of simplified clinical grading to drop. Use of molecular tools could differentiate communities with a high burden of infection, a key correlate of blinding disease, from those where resources may be better allocated elsewhere.
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Haley, Janice M. "Voicing the strengths of parent caregivers of medically fragile children from the Pacific Islands and the Philippines." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=764803621&SrchMode=1&sid=4&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1233350447&clientId=23440.
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Malasa, Donald Papaku. "Effective School Leadership: An exploration of the issues inhibiting the effectiveness of school leadership in Solomon Islands' secondary schools." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2429.
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This study investigates issues impeding effective school leadership in Solomon Islands' secondary schools. In particular, it examines principals' perceptions of those issues that impede their effective leadership of their schools. There is an international literature focusing on this area that has contributed to the study. However, many of the research findings in western contexts are invalid in the context of a developing nation such as the Solomon Islands. Thus contextual specificity was an important underlying factor in the study. The research data was gathered using qualitative methods. Specifically, interviews with five principals were conducted using semi-structured interviews and was analysed using a thematic analysis approach. The research fieldwork was carried out in the Solomon Islands in August 2006. A sample of five participants was used. They were selected from five schools representing Community High Schools (CHS) and senior Provincial Secondary Schools (PSS) in two provinces and the Honiara City Council. The key findings of the study identify a range of factors that inhibit effective school leadership. These included a lack of initial training and support for on-going professional learning, unfavourable conditions of service, poor quality of teachers' professional practice, poor school facilities and infrastructure, poor administrative infrastructure, lack of appropriate and adequate financial resources, lack of support personnel, policy and systemic issues, social and cultural issues, and issues pertaining to school-community partnerships. Based on the findings identified in the study, recommendations were made on how to improve effective leadership of the schools throughout the Solomon Islands. Of particular importance is the establishment of professional development programmes for both newly appointed and servicing principals. Such programmes should enhance the leadership capacity of the principals in the schools and create a more conducive learning environment.
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Riordan, Kyle. "A Geoarchaeological Investigation of Naihehe Cave in the sigatoka River Valley of viti Levu, Fiji." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524150877877185.
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Barcham, Manuhuia. "State, society and development in the Pacific : analysing structural adjustment in the Cook Islands and Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Political Science, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4261.
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Gorle, Gilian. "Reading as translation : language and power in African and Pacific novels." Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342115.
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Mateata-Allain, Kareva. "Bridging our sea of islands French Polynesian literature within the Oceanic context." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2006. http://d-nb.info/989099768/04.
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Hopkins, Rebecca. "Islands and oases Italian colonial cultures, migration, and utopia in women's writing in Italian and English /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1467886301&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Gessas, Jeff. "Indigenous Knowledge on the Marshall Islands: a Case for Recognition Justice." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc822739/.
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Recent decades have marked growing academic and scientific attention to the role of indigenous knowledge in climate change adaptation, mitigation, and detection strategies. However, how indigenous knowledge is incorporated is a point of contention between self-identifying indigenous groups and existing institutions which combat climate change. In this thesis, I argue that the full inclusion of indigenous knowledge is deterred by certain aspects of modernity. In order to overcome the problems of modernity, I argue that a recognition theory of justice is needed as it regards to indigenous knowledge. Recognition justice calls for indigenous groups to retain meaningful control over how and when their indigenous knowledge is shared. To supplement this, I use the Marshall Islands as a case study. The Marshall Islands afford a nice particular case because of their longstanding colonial relationship with the United States and the impending danger they face of rising sea levels. Despite this danger, the Republic of the Marshall Islands calls for increased recognition as leaders in addressing climate change.
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Aguas, y. Quijano Juan Vidal. "The Philippines in the Twentieth Century: Social Change in Recent Decades." W&M ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625429.
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Levin, Maureece. "Food Production, Environment, and Culture in the Tropical Pacific: Evidence for Prehistoric and Historic Plant Cultivation in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19669.
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Food production, or the cultivation and processing of edible materials, is closely linked to both the physical environment and human social systems. This is especially true on the islands of Remote Oceania, where cultivation of plants introduced with colonization has always been a key component of survival. This project centers on the production systems of an island in the west central Pacific: Pohnpei, Micronesia. It addresses the fundamental question of how food production is related to changes in social and physical environments and also addresses the optimum ways to archaeologically study plant remains in tropical oceanic environments with poor preservation. In order to examine these questions, this project looks at human-environment interrelationships using historical ecology.
A multi-pronged approach was used in this research. Archaeological survey was used to identify prehistoric and historic features on the landscape and to map the distribution of food production activities. Excavation of selected archaeological features, including breadfruit fermentation pits, yam enclosures, and cooking features, was conducted to examine formation patterns. Paleoethnobotanical analysis included collection and analysis of flotation samples for carbonized plant macroremain analysis and sediment samples for phytolith analysis. Finally, because a reference collection is key to all paleoethnobotanical research, plant specimens from multiple Pacific locations were collected and processed for phytolith reference.
Botanical data show that phytolith analysis is very useful in the Pacific region, as many economically important taxa produce phytoliths. However, because of differential silica uptake, it should be used in conjunction with other methods. Archaeological phytolith analysis of the garden landscape shows disturbance caused by pigs, which were introduced historically, a change from the prehistoric phytolith record, which shows no major shifts. Combined analysis of plant macroremains and phytoliths from secure archaeological contexts shows the use of banana leaves in breadfruit cooking in the historic period, highlighting the importance of multi-method paleoethnobotanical study. These data point towards an anthropogenic environment and stable agricultural system that was present in late prehistoric Pohnpei. Major changes occurred in the historic period, although production of plant foods that were important for centuries continues to flourish today.
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Phillips, David A. "Crustal motion studies in the Southwest Pacific: geodetic measurements of plate convergence in Tonga, Vanuatu and the Soloman Islands." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/6903.
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The southwest Pacific is one of the most tectonically dynamic regions on Earth. This research focused on crustal motion studies in three regions of active Pacific-Australia plate convergence in the southwest Pacific: Tonga, the New Hebrides (Vanuatu) and the Solomons Islands. In Tonga, new and refined velocity estimates based on more than a decade of Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements and advanced analysis techniques are much more accurate than previously reported values. Convergence rates of 80 to 165 mm/yr at the Tonga trench represent the fastest plate motions observed on Earth. For the first time, rotation of the Fiji platform relative to the Australian plate is observed, and anomalous deformation of the Tonga ridge was also detected. In the New Hebrides, a combined GPS dataset with a total time series of more than ten years led to new and refined velocity estimates throughout the island arc. Impingement of large bathymetric features has led to arc fragmentation, and four distinct tectonic segments are identified. The central New Hebrides arc segment is being shoved eastward relative to the rest of the arc as convergence is partitioned between the forearc (Australian plate) and the backarc (North Fiji Basin) boundaries due to impingement of the d'Entrecasteaux Ridge and associated Bougainville seamount. The southern New Hebrides arc converges with the Australian plate more rapidly than predicted due to backarc extension. The first measurements of convergence in the northern and southernmost arc segments were also made. In the Solomon Islands, a four-year GPS time series was used to generate the first geodetic estimates of crustal velocity in the New Georgia Group, with 57-84 mm/yr of Australia-Solomon motion and 19-39 mm/yr of Pacific-Solomon motion being observed. These velocities are 20-40% lower than predicted Australia-Pacific velocities. Two-dimensional dislocation models suggest that most of this discrepancy can be attributed to locking of the San Cristobal trench and elastic strain accumulation in the forearc. Anomalous motion at Simbo island is also observed.xv, 135 leaves
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Adams, Nicholas Marc. "Peacebuilding Theory in the Pacific Context: Towards creating a categorical framework for comparative post-conflict analysis." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2189.
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The transformation period between intrastate civil conflicts has been primarily examined within sporadic case studies. A lack of macro theory in the field of Peacebuilding has led to a predisposition towards policy-friendly academic works. The policy changes and studies that get suggested take advantage of hindsight and are often case specific. Without allowing for the variances in differing post-conflict situations the changes struggle to provide usable theoretical works. This field requires accurate comparative studies, but the dominance of micro theoretical casework has undermined any larger analysis. This thesis proposes a categorical framework for qualitative analysis of post-conflict studies and tests it within a series of conflicts in the Pacific region. Comparing the Bougainville independence conflict, Fijian coups and reoccurring violence in the Solomon Islands, the differences apparent in each case will demonstrate what changes occur for better or worse, reinforcing the need for more incorporative frameworks.
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Rea, Jennifer Anne. "Adventures on Windswept Islands: Children's Literature, Adolescence, and the Possibilities of Irish Culture in the Work of Eilís Dillon." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/339.
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Eilís Dillon, in her young adult novels, evokes to her readers rich images: wind blowing in off the cold and vast Atlantic Ocean over the rugged landscape of rocks and stone-walls with ancient forts inhabiting the highest points, and thatched roof houses squat and solid against nature. This dissertation will explore the multifaceted position of the fictional child, the reader and adult as they each encounter exhilarating adventure on Dillon's windswept islands. The connection between the fictional child in, and the child reader of, the world of Eilís Dillon's Irish children's novels illustrates the capacity for young adult literature to be an effective means of conveying problematic ideas to a young audience. Eilís Dillon uses the nostalgic realism of her west coast island stories to preserve, while at the same time critique, her native Ireland. This will be analyzed through examination of the interrelationship between the fictional children that provide the narrative voice, the child reader, and the adult author. At the same time this dissertation will discuss Dillon's relationship to her contemporaries and subsequently, her relationship to children's fiction coming out of Ireland. Dillon's nostalgic realism which enhances the image of rural Irish island life is at the heart of what scholars past and present take from Dillon's body of work.
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Bailey, Rochelle-lee. "Unfree Labour?: Ni-Vanuatu Workers in New Zealand's Recognised Seasonal Employer Scheme." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Social and Political Sciences, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2957.
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Industry growth and the reduction of available seasonal labour in New Zealand’s horticulture and viticulture industries led to a collaboration with the government in 2005, and the formation of a seasonal labour strategy for the future, the Recognised Seasonal Employer Scheme (RSE) was launched in 2007. The objectives of this policy were twofold: to fill labour gaps of the horticulture and viticulture industries and to promote economic development in Pacific Island states by prioritising workers from the region. Different actors have different aims, and different measure for success. In order for this scheme to be successful for the New Zealand government it needs to meet theses policy objectives of supplying reliable labour to the industries, and increasing economic development in the Pacific. For Pacific island states success depends on the continuity of the scheme, and the remittances that workers will send home to aid economic development. For the industries success comes from having a dependable and controllable labour force. Success for the workers in the scheme relies on them making as much money as possible during the season to meet their goals of financing family and community needs. In order to achieve these various successes workers are made unfree. Unfreedom means that the workers have no freedom in the labour market and are restricted to working for the grower stipulated in the employment contract. Conditions of employment contracts, visa regulations and informal pressures to be ‘good’ men both at work and in free time from the Vanuatu government, men’s home communities and industry participants all work to limit the men’s freedom, which is entrenched largely through threats of being sent home or blacklisted from the scheme. Workers are aware of the mechanisms used to control them and they do resist some of the conditions imposed, but only in a limited way that will not see them excluded from the scheme. Using the anthropological approach of participation observation this research was undertaken in the first season of the RSE scheme 2007/2008, where I lived and worked with 22 ni-Vanuatu migrant workers in Central Otago to gain knowledge of how, they and others in the industry experienced the RSE scheme.
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Storment, Ryan Lee. "Other spaces, other voices heterotopic spaces in island narratives /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2007. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2007/storment/StormentR0507.pdf.
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Quinlan, Julian. "A course on the Book of Revelation for use in Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.
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Kirk, Grace E. "Postcolonial privilege in the Pacific: Interrogating tropes in literature set in Vanuatu." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/102954/1/Grace_Kirk_Thesis.pdf.
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This creative writing project explores the nature of postcolonial life in the South Pacific island Republic of Vanuatu, through a reflective memoir of grief and place. The narrative explores the privileges of the expatriate lifestyle in Port Vila, focusing on the role and relationships shared with domestic staff. The accompanying exegesis surveys significant creative works set in Vanuatu in order to examine how ni-Vanuatu people have been represented historically, in order to encourage sensitive representation in my own creative work.
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Samson, Barney. "Islands in the (main)stream : the desert island in anglophone post-war popular culture." Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/20617/.
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This thesis examines the motif of the desert island in anglophone post-war popular culture as it coincides with the destabilisation of modern conceptions of identity. The extent to which desert island narratives either reify or challenge normative societal ideals is charted through the analysis of a range of texts across media: novels, radio, advertising, magazine cartoons, television, films and video games. Each text is placed into the context of a dialectic between discipline, the coercive method of state control theorised by Michel Foucault, and seduction, the technique of market dominance described by Zygmunt Bauman. Semiotic, psychoanalytic and spatial approaches are also used in close readings. The relationship of ‘home’ to ‘the Other’ was transformed by the advent of affordable international travel and communication; the thesis considers desert island texts since 1942, from the period since our planet has been opened up to tourism and global capitalism. This post-war timeframe maps onto the development of a self that is increasingly understood as fragmented, reflexive and alienated. A chronological approach is used in order to chart the ways in which desert island texts reflect this trend during what Bauman calls the liquid modern era. Power structures are examined but, rather than taking an overtly postcolonial stance, the thesis explores relationships between the ‘mainland’ and the castaway. The desert island is a useful site for exploring such concerns precisely because its desertedness, (presumed) Otherness and distance from ‘home’ allow it to function as an analogy of both the subject and the Other, and as an altered reflection of ostensibly normative continental life. Desert islands are often revealed to be inhabited; if the desert island represents a fantasy of agency in self-creation then the appearance of the Other represents the anxiety that that fantasy intends to dispel or seeks to embrace.
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Nishizawa, Hideaki. "Study on Conservation Management of Sea Turtles by Using Genetic Information." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188860.
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Nanau, Gordon Leua. "Can a theory of insecure globalisation provide better explanations for instability in the South Pacific? The case of Solomon Islands." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493018.
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Baker, Timothy C. "Haven in the Bay : problems of community in the novels of George Mackay Brown." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2229.
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The novels of George Mackay Brown have often been read as upholding a traditional ideal of community as that which is singular and complete, a community which exists outside time and history. As this thesis will show, however, Brown emphasises themes of community, history and myth in his work not in order to validate them without reservation, but to question what use these ideas may have in contemporary life. By reading his novels in conjunction with the work of continental theorists ranging from Martin Heidegger to Jean-Luc Nancy, it becomes apparent that Brown critically explores a post-Kantian modernity in which metaphysical or faith-based foundations are no longer possible. Brown's greatest theme throughout his work is not only how community is built and maintained, but also how it is destroyed, and what life remains after that destruction. Brown continually problematises the idea of community in order to show both its relevance and impossibility in modern society. In separately regarding each of Brown's novels in length, this thesis will highlight the various approaches Brown takes to community: the potentially romantic view of community in Beside the Ocean of time; the centrality of sacrifice for the establishing of community in Magnus; and the interections between community and history in Time in a Red Coat, and Vinland. The thesis then turns directly to the question of the relation between individuals and community in Greenvoe, and ends with a discussion of the way in which Brown portrays his own relation to community in his nonfiction and autobiographical writings. Throughout the thesis, the prevailing notion of Brown as a parochial or naive writer will be continually questioned. In addition, by integrating a wide variety of continental theorists into a discussion of Brown's work, this thesis will explore new opportunities for the general study of contemporary Scottish fiction. By revealing Brown to be a more nuanced thinker of the relation between modernity and community than previous critics have allowed, this thesis will both offer a new perspective on Brown's novels and open new paths for the discussion of the role of community in modern literature.