Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Isolanti'
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Zanni, Andrea. "Spettroscopia dielettrica per la caratterizzazione di fluidi isolanti." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10670/.
Full textPosa, Alice. "Ottimizzazione delle prestazioni termiche ed acustiche di pannelli sandwich isolanti per facciata." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textUrso, Antonio. "Prove di endurance su materiali isolanti impiegati nei motori elettrici comandati da pwm." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Find full textTilli, Andrea. "Analisi e caratterizzazione elettro-chimica di sistemi isolanti elettrici a matrice polimerica per applicazioni nucleari." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Find full textPietrangeli, Marco. "Analisi e caratterizzazione di isolanti polimerici per cavi di bassa tensione utilizzati nelle centrali nucleari." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textBartoloni, Francesco. "Realizzazione di un apparato per prove di endurance su materiali isolanti impiegati nei motori elettrici comandati da PWM." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
Find full textMontanari, Luca. "Surface Plasmon Induced Luminescence as a Tool for Study of the Ageing of Polymeric Materials." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13361/.
Full textRossi, Edoardo. "L'isolamento acustico di facciate, partizioni e solai: un caso di studio a Borgo Montone, provincia di Ravenna." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10884/.
Full textFoschi, Margherita. ""Multa renascentur". Antico e moderno tra qualificazione e riqualificazione." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5586/.
Full textMarzio, Enrico. "Accessori per sistemi in cavo nella trasmissione dell'energia elettrica in HVDC: definizione di modelli fisici per la caratterizzazione di materiali isolanti, semiconduttivi e varioresistivi." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11769/.
Full textCondò, Marco. "Electrical characterization of innovative insulating materials for HVDC energy transmission cable systems." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Find full textPaillet, Philippe. "Effet du procédé de fabrication des isolants sur la charge d'espace créée par rayonnements X : application aux technologies silicium sur isolant." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20042.
Full textTardieu, Guillaume. "Apport des mesures de luminescence à la compréhension du piégeage et du transport dans les isolants synthétiques." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30103.
Full textGuiller, Alexandre. "Croissance épitaxiale d'oxydes fonctionnels sur silicium et caractérisation de couches minces d'oxydes de structure pérovskite." Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1S063.
Full textTwo complementary approaches to address the issues related to integrated circuits miniaturization were explored. The first one relates to high-κ materials as gate oxide: films of strontium titanate were grown on silicon by molecular beam epitaxy, using the stacking of a sacrificial Srontium barrier and a buffer layer. These strontium titanate films are of high crystalline quality and show very sharp interface with Silicon, the interfacial layer being only 5 Å thick. This template layer was very efficient for the epitaxial regrowth of other functional oxides, as exemplified in the case of the ferroelectrics. The second approach refers to the use of the Mott metal-insulator transition. A detailed study was carried out in the example of lanthanum titanate, a model material. The effect of growth parameters on the metal-insulator transition was examined in detail. The oxygen constant by substituting a fraction of Titanium by Hafnium: indeed, this doping successfully compensates the small drift in Ti valence related to a small additional oxygen excess
Vâju, George Cristian. "Transition isolant-métal et supraconductivité induites par pulse électrique dans les isolants de Mott AM4X8 (A=Ga, Ge ; M=V, Ta, Nb ; X=S, Se)." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2028.
Full textThe chalcogenide lacunar spinel family AM4X8 (A = Ga, Ge ; M = V, Ta, Nb ; X = S, Se) is one of the rare examples of Mott insulators that become metallic under pressure, and even superconducting for GaTa4Se8 (TC = 8 K) et GaNb4Se8 (TC = 5. 7 K). During this PhD thesis, a non–volatile insulator to metal transition was obtained on single crystals of these compounds using a external stimuli very different than pressure : the application of electric pulses as short as 100 ns. This transition is reversible using opposite electrical current. In the “metallic like” state, GaTa4Se8 presents a superconducting state with a TC of about 5-7 K. The resistance does however not drop to zero, suggesting a granular superconductivity. This hypothesis is further confirmed by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy studies, showing an electronic phase separation where two types of nanodomains coexist, metallic ones and extremely insulating ones, both immerged into the insulating majority phase. The mechanism of this pulse–induced reversible insulator – metal transition does not seem to be one of those already known in literature. Our results suggest the existence of a electrostrictive coupling that generates a local compression during the pulse application, leading to a bandwidth-change driven Mott transition. This study could be the first experimental evidence of such a phenomenon. The reversibility of the transition opens the way for the application of these materials in non-volatile RRAM memories
Bègue, Frédéric. "Isolants topologiques et magnétisme." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30392/document.
Full textThe discovery of the quantum Hall effect by von Klitzing in 1980 paved the way for what is now known as topological band theory. In this theory, we are interested not only in the energy spectra of the electrons in crystals, but also in the topological structure of the bands. A new phase of matter was discovered thanks to this theory : the topological insulators. Topological insulators are unique in the sense that they behave like trivial insulators in the bulk, but possess metallic edge states. In this thesis, we are particularly interested in so-called Z2 topological insulators, whose edge states are protected by time reversal symmetry : they cannot disappear in the presence of a perturbation that respects this symmetry, without the system undergoing a quantum phase transition. For three-dimensional topological insulators, we propose an experimental criterion based on magnetic quantum oscillations to identify a special kind of topological insulators : the strong topological insulator. In two dimensions, we study the consequences of time reversal symmetry breaking due to anti-ferromagnetic order. In this case, the important symmetry is time reversal times a trans- lation. In this context, we first establish an analytical expression for systems that also have inversion symmetry. We then adapt three numerical methods usually employed for time reversal symmetric systems : the reconnection phase method, the Wannier charge center method and the explicit construction of edge states. We show that they are useful to probe the topology of models for which no methods were available ; such as non-centrosymmetric systems
Dubost, Vincent. "Étude par microscopie/spectroscopie tunnel de la transition isolant/métal induite par pulses électriques dans GaTa4Se8." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066633.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, we have studied using scannng tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy the two main phenomena due to interactions between electrons : superconductivity and Mott Metal-Insulator transition. The study of the intercalated graphite CaC6 show that this superconductor is well described by conventionnal BCS theory with a zero temperature gap of 1. 6 +/-0. 2 meV, even if a small spectroscopic broadening suggest a weak anisotropy in the ab plane. The imaging of vortex lattice give for the coherence length extrapolated at zero temperature 38 nanometers. The main part of the manuscript is dedicated to the study of the Electric Pusle Insulator-Metal Transition in the weak Mott Insulator GaTa4Se8. The application of the electric pulse induces the formation of metallic zones in a insulating matrix in the bulk material. These observations provides a natural explanation for the phenomenological model used in transport measurements. The application of voltage sweeps during spectroscopic measurements trigger a local Insulator-Metal transition and for increased biases (V>1. 0V), one can observe a inflation of the surface as an effect of the electric field. The study of electron doped compound Ga0,91Zn0,15Ta4Se8 show that if doping induce a metallicity, the transition induced by the electric pulse is closer to a bandwith controled transition rather than a doping controled transition. This manuscript set the question if this phenomena isintrinsic to GaTa4Se8, or general to the other weak Mott insulators
Huang, Xiao Lin. "Étude de l'évolution de la morphologie et des propriétés électriques du polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE) pour des applications aéronautiques en hautes températures (250 - 400 °C)." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2490/.
Full textThe use of organic electrical insulators for electric cables has many advantages, such as their flexibility, lightness, good dielectric properties, etc. They are widely used in aeronautic domain. In a real operating environment of organic insulators, many factors may decrease their isolation performance over time: oxygen, moisture and salt spray in atmosphere, high temperature, application of operating voltage, machine vibration, radiation phenomena, etc. With technology development and new design of machines more efficient, insulators may undergo more severe stresses, therefore aging and degradation studies of dielectric materials in this context become more and more important. The organic insulators that we have investigated are used in electric insulators for ignition cables of helicopters. This kind of cable is located in hot area near engine, where electric insulators work in a severe environment (high temperature, high electric field, presence of moisture and oxygen, etc. ). For new generations of engine, the maximum operating temperature is much higher (approximately 350 °C), which may cause acceleration of end-of-life of insulator. Our research work particularly focuses on effect of thermal stress on aging and/or degradation of actually used organic insulators. The objective of our research work is study of usage limit, aging and degradation mechanisms of electric insulator, which is performed by physical-chemical, thermal and electrical characterization methods. The end portion of the cable is connected to the plug connector, cable insulator (PTFE) may undergo maximum operating temperature of about 340 °C, which is higher that the melting temperature (327 °C). Therefore we quantified the behaviour of PTFE at temperature higher than the melting point. We have two kinds of sample for characterization: thin films and cables. In order to study aging and degradation process of insulators (PTFE and PI) under conditions close to reality, samples were aged in air at constant temperatures ranging from 250 to 400 °C for durations ranging from several hours to several hundred hours. We have studies thermal stability, degradation kinetics, chemical structure and molecular morphology evolution of insulators by using several technics: TGA, FTIR, DSC. Chemical structure, molecular and surface morphology, dielectric strength evolution as well as partial discharges phenomena between metal sheath and cable insulator were also characterized
Hijano, Cubelos Oliver. "Hétérostructures supraconductrices et isolants topologiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS247/document.
Full textThe thesis is focused on the theoretical study of the electronic properties at the surface of the transition metal oxide STO. This material is the cornerstone of oxide electronics, an emerging research area that has the goal of investigating transition metal oxides as post-silicon candidates for a future emerging new electronics. STO is in itself an astounding system; in its purest chemical composition is a good ban-insulator with a wide bandgap. Nevertheless, upon doing it with tiny amounts of other elements it transforms itself in a metal with high electron mobility. Even more remarkably, at the lowest temperatures, typically below 300mK, it goes superconductor. And adding to these properties, strain induces also ferroelectricity in this material. Over the last years, STO has also grabbed attention because of its ability of hosting two-dimensional electron gas (2DEGs) when it is interfaced with some polar oxides. Such 2DEGs exhibit fascinating properties, the most conspicuous is the coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity.The surface of STO can host 2DEGs too, without need of interfacing it to other materials; in this case the electrons participating in transport are generated by oxygen vacancies created at the surface. This is remarkable observation, as it affords a simpler structure where the 2DEGs properties can be studied. In spite of the accumulated knowledge, still a better fundamental comprehension is required of the electronic structure of the quantum wells at the surfaces oriented along the 111 direction, for which the perovskite structure is reminiscent of the celebrated honeycomb-like structure of graphene. Contrary to the latter, in which electrons are in s- and p- states, 111 quantum wells in STO would host electrons in d-bands. Higher electronic correlations are then expected, that may bring new fascinating physics.The outline of this Thesis has two main branches: first, it studies the 111-oriented STO bilayer, formed by just two unit cells; secondly it analyzes the quantum wells generated by Oxygen vacancies at the 111-surface of STO. Both subjects are approached using tight-binding models in which the Hamiltonian incorporates different terms related to on-site energies, hopping interactions or spin-orbit coupling. From these calculations, I have carried out an exhaustive analysis of the orbital character and parity properties of valence and conduction bands, as well as edge states in the 111 bilayer. Tight-binding calculations have also shed light on the orbital character, space location and extension and energy of electronic states generated by oxygen vacancies at the 001 surface of STO
Fruchart, Michel. "Topological phases of periodically driven crystals." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEN025/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at developing and using a coherent framework to characterize topological states in spatially periodic media stemming from a time-periodic drive (« topological Floquet states » or « Floquet topological insulators »), when symmetries are present. Such states are a generalization of topological insulators, which appeared from the study of the control by light of topological insulators, and from the study of the wave-physics versions of topological insulators (in acoustics, mechanics and optics). New invariants characterizing such systems are defined, in particular when fermionic time-reversal is present. The cases of complex classes A and AIII in the Cartan-Altland-Zirnbauer classification, which are already known in particular cases, are generalized to any space dimension, and their survival in real classes is discussed. Potential physical consequences in electronic systems are explored by time-resolved numerical simulation of transport properties, which show evidence of quantized average differential conductances when a topological edge state is present
Repellin, Cécile. "Numerical study of fractional topological insulators." Thesis, Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSU0028/document.
Full textTopological insulators are band insulators which are fundamentally different from atomic insulators. Only a non-local quantity called topological invariant can distinguish these two phases. The quantum Hall effect is the first example of a topological insulator, but the same phase can arise in the absence of a magnetic field, and is called a Chern insulator. In the presence of strong interactions, topological insulators may host exotic excitations called anyons. The fractional quantum Hall effect is the only experimentally realized example of such phase. In this manuscript, we study the conditions of emergence of different types of fractional topological insulators, using numerical simulations. We first look at the fractional quantum Hall effect on the torus. We introduce a new projective construction of exotic quantum Hall states that complements the existing construction. We study the low energy excitations on the torus of two of the most emblematic quantum Hall states, the Laughlin and Moore-Read states. We propose and validate model wave functions to describe them. We apply this knowledge to characterize the excitations of the Laughlin state in Chern insulators. We show the stability of other fractional quantum Hall states in Chern insulators, the composite fermion, Halperin and NASS states. We explore the physics of fractional phases with no equivalent in a quantum Hall system, using two different strategies: first by choosing a model with a higher value of the topological invariant, second by adding time-reversal symmetry, which changes the nature of the topological invariant
Vouyovitch, Laetitia. "Relation entre architecture et rupture diélectrique de composites isolant-isolant : approches expérimentale & théorique." Chambéry, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CHAMS008.
Full textThis study is based on a "material" approach of dielectric breakdown of composites (poly epoxy -mlneral fillers) used ln industry as insulators to withstand high electric fields. The main objectives of this work is to understand the relationship between architecture and dielectric breakdown of these composites and to determine the mechanisms which may reduce the insulating properties of systems aged ln industrial conditions. It was shown that this kind of aging leads on the one rand to a chemical ,degradation of the polymer matrix, and, on the other rand, to a physical-aging phenomenon and last a reduction of the fillers/matrix adhesion. The role played by the fillers was analysed on "as received" materials. Under quasi homogeneous :field, the fillers induce a decrease ln the field to breakdown, whereas under divergent field, these same fillers induce an increase of the breakdown field. The mechanisms responsffile for this "composite effect' have been illentified thanks to an original numerical simulation of the dielectric breakdown, taking into account the real insulators morphologies. The role played by the polymer matrix was investigated. It was shown, on the one rand, that the cj1emical degradation of polymer matrix (pointed out by a shift of tg to lower temperatures and which results from the formation of polar species), leads to a linear decrease ln the composites field to breakdown, and, on the other rand, that the polymer-matrix densification induces, on the contrary, a monotonous non-linear increase of this breakdown field. By comparative analysis of the behaviours under intense electric field of these composites aged ln laboratory and ln real conditions of application, we propose an inter relationship, which shows that the reduction ln properties of composites aged ln industrial conditions under intense field, originated from chemical degradation penalizing effect could be counter-balanced by the effect related to the structural aging
Marrache-Kikuchi, Claire. "Effets dimensionnels dans un système désordonné au voisinage des transitions métal-isolant et supraconducteur-isolant." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325067.
Full textMarrache-Kikuchi, Claire Akiko. "Effets dimensionnels dans un système désordonné au voisinage des transitions métal-isolant et supraconducteur-isolant." Paris 11, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325067.
Full textLow temperature transport in disordered conducting materials imply quantum interference, Coulomb repulsion, and superconducting fluctuations. Since 2D is the lower critical dimension for the existence of metallic and superconducting states, we have studied two quantum phase transitions – the Superconductor-to-Insulator Transition (SIT) and the Metal-to-Insulator Transition (MIT) – when the thickness of a disordered system – here a-NbSi – is lowered. The underlying problem is the transition between the different states and the conditions for a 2D metal to exist. We have studied the field and disorder-induced SIT. The principal characteristics we have observed (renormalization, role of the field orientation) are well explained by M. P. A. Fisher's theory. However, we do not find the critical exponents values and a universal resistance at the transition as predicted by this theory. Concerning the MIT, we have decreased the thickness of a metallic system to reach the dimension 2 and an insulating state. In both transitions, the passage to the insulating state clearly shows the existence of dissipative states at zero temperature that are not predicted by conventional theories. We propose an interpretation of all our results that implies the existence of a novel phase in 2D, a Bose Metal, between the superconducting and the metallic states. This new state has been predicted by recent theories. We trace the corresponding phase diagram for the model system NbSi with respect to concentration and film thickness
Lavarda, Francisco Carlos. "Transição isolante-metal em polímeros condutores." [s.n.], 1994. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/277448.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin
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Resumo: Os polímeros condutores são materiais que podem ter a sua condutividade elétrica aumentada de várias ordens de grandeza por meio da intercalação de espécies químicas aceitadoras ou doadoras em sua malha polimérica (dopagem) e, dependendo do polímero, pode atingir valores típicos de um metal. Este crescimento é acompanhado de modificações nos espectros de absorção óptica e susceptibilidade magnética, característicos de uma transição isolante-metal. Apesar de geralmente se observar uma termoeletricidade quase-metálica em polímeros altamente dopados, outros dados - como os de absorção no infravermelho, que indicam 'distribuição não-homogênea de carga - mostram que não se trata de metais comuns. A desordem estrutural destes materiais tem sido usada como explicação para uma variedade de fenômenos observados. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma série de estudos teóricos onde procuramos investigar a influência da desordem na distribuição dos contra-íons dopantes sobre a estrutura eletrônica dos polímeros. A partir de hamiltonianos simples, mostramos que esta desordem é fundamental na previsão teórica de uma transição isolante-metal para o poliacetileno, politiofeno e polianilinas substituídas! Observamos que a segregação de dopantes desempenha papel importante na transição e é um efeito presente nos três polímeros estudados, mesmo usando diferentes tipos de hamiltoniano para cada material. Além disso, provamos que é possível obter espalhamento ressonante de estados eletrônicos para polímeros substituídos dopados, fato que amplia a aplicação do "Random Dimer Model", um modelo sobre a origem da transição isolante-metal que tem sido objeto de intensos estudos
Abstract: Conducting polymers are materials which show a dramatic electric conductivity increase by many orders of magnitude by means of doping by charge transfering reactions with an oxidizing or reducing agent. For some polymers, the conductivity could have values in the metallic regime. This increase brings together some new features in the optical absorption and magnetic susceptibility spectra typical of a insulator-to-metal transition. Despite the quasi-metallic thermopower in the highly doped phase, another data - like the infra-red absorption which indicates non-homogeneus electronic charge distribution - shows that conducting polymers are not common metals. The structural disorder present in this materials have been the explanation for several observed phenomena. In this work, we present a series of theoretical studies to investigate the influence of disorder in the dopant distribution on the polymers' electronic structure. With simple hamiltonians we show that this disorder is of fundamental importance for the insulator-to-metal transition on polyacetylene, polythiophene and substituted polyanilines. We observed that segregation of dopants plays important role in the transition and is present in all the polymers studied, despite the differences in the hamiltonians. Also, we show that is possible to have resonant scattering of electronic states in doped substituted polymers, which extend the "Random Dimer Model". This model about the origin of extended states in disordered systems has been object of lntense studies
Doutorado
Física
Doutor em Ciências
SOUZA, Lincoln Fonseca de. "Análise Fingerprint em óleo mineral isolante." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIFEI, 2018. http://repositorio.unifei.edu.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/1140.
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Mesmo com os avanços tecnológicos que induzem a evolução dos equipamentos utilizados pelo homem, ainda hoje o uso da energia elétrica se dá pela utilização de transformadores de tensão elétrica, seguindo o modelo proposto por Faraday em 1831, baseado na bobina de indução. Dentre as partes fundamentais de um transformador, o sistema de isolamento-refrigeração é composto pelo óleo mineral isolante (OMI) e o isolante sólido (papel tipo Kraft). Para uma distribuição eficiente de energia, é necessário ter equipamentos que operem em excelentes condições garantindo assim a qualidade do serviço prestado. Uma maneira de assegurar o bom funcionamento de um transformador é através de controles de qualidade do óleo isolante e de seu isolamento sólido. O óleo, quando exposto a temperaturas elevadas e estresse elétrico somado a um ambiente oxidante, se degrada, formando compostos polares como álcoois, ácidos carboxílicos, aldeídos e outras substâncias que podem levar a perdas de suas propriedades dielétricas e refrigerantes. Embora existam ensaios que avaliam os parâmetros físicos e químicos dos óleos, é importante o desenvolvimento de ensaios mais rápidos e seletivos como ensaios utilizando técnicas espectroscópicas e cromatográficas. As técnicas fingerprinting, que funcionam como uma impressão digital química são bastante utilizadas em matrizes complexas, como óleo. Esse método combinado com técnicas analíticas hifenadas como a cromatografia a gás acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG-EM) possui um poderoso meio de identificar muitos compostos ali presentes. Neste trabalho foi otimizado uma metodologia analítica em CG-EM para obtenção dos perfis de um óleo novo e seus biomarcadores, para análise de fingerprinting comparando com amostras que foram envelhecidas termicamente, durante 17 dias, em temperatura fixada em 130°C. Esse envelhecimento acelerado foi feito comparando quatro sistemas composto de OL (somente óleo), P (papel +OMI), C (cobre + OMI) e P+C (papel + cobre + OMI). Para ter a certeza que o envelhecimento acelerado ocorreu, foi utilizado também técnicas espectroscópicas como UV/Vis e FTIR, foi possível observar a formação de compostos tais como cetonas, aldeídos e compostos insaturados. Através do UV/Vis foi obtido informações, os produtos de decaimento dissolvido (DDP), que possui relação direta com os valores de índice de acidez. O sistema P+C foi o que contribui mais para o processo de degradação do óleo, seguido do sistema que continha somente o cobre, que atua como catalisador das reações. O sistema P mostrou-se menos sensível as reações de degradação devido à capacidade das camadas de celulose de absorver compostos de degradação solúveis no OMI. Por análises cromatográficas foi possível obter os perfis da amostra do óleo novo no modo SCAN, no modo SIM, sendo que os perfis foram obtidos analisando os principais grupos de hidrocarbonetos presente no óleo e os biomarcadores como biciclanos, terpanos e esteranos. O grupo dos n-alcanos (m/z 85) mostrou ser uma boa alternativa no estudo da qualidade do óleo que os outros grupos estudados e os biomarcadores (terpanos e esteranos) mostraram-se ineficazes para inferência de qualidade de tal amostra. Essa caracterização química feita no OMI através de CG-EM é de fundamental importância para monitoramento e manutenção preventiva e preditiva dos sistemas de isolamento do óleo e devido à escassez de trabalhos científicos nesta área.
FLAMENT, OLIVIER. "Etude xps des interfaces polyimide/isolant." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA077034.
Full textOuadi, Rabah. "Conception d'un panneau sandwich isolant-porteur." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0009.
Full textThe aim of this work was to develop a new of sandwich panel : the core was made of a light weigt concrete containing stabilized wood granulates · the coatings consisted of E lass reinforced cement composites. A blended cement ( OPC- metakaolin) was used to enhance the durability of E glass fibres. The durability of E glass reinforced cement composites , the thermal conductivity, mechanical and physical properties of the lightweight concrete were investigate. The mechanical behaviour of the sandwich panel was studied and modelled. The results obtained showed that a blend of 40 % of metakaolin is sufficient to prevent the chemical and physical attacks of E glass fibres and get a ductile composite. The best lightweight concrete had a volumetric mass of 550 kg/m³, a compressive strength higher than 3 MPa and a thermal conductivity coefficient lower than 0. 11 W/m°C. It can be considered as an insulating-bearing material. The mechanical tests performed on the sandwich panels showed a very good bond between the core and the coating's. The behaviour, in the elastic stage, can be approached by the finite elements methods or the sandwich panels flexure theory
Reboul, Jean-Michel. "Mise au point d'une nouvelle méthode à onde thermique alternative pour l'étude des charges d'espace dans les films diélectriques : techniques expérimentales et protocoles pour le traitement du signal." Caen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CAEN2070.
Full textHajlaoui, Mahdi. "Entre métal et isolant : Dynamique ultrarapide dans l'isolant topologique Bi2Te3 et domaines microscopiques à la transition De Mott Dans V203." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924392.
Full textMoraes, Marta Bueno de. "Estudo teórico de característica elétrica de contato schottky não íntimo metal-isolante amorfo e estrutura metal-isolante-metal." Universidade de São Paulo, 1989. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/54/54132/tde-16012008-104334/.
Full textIn this work we have developed a theory of electric characteristic of the metal-oxide-insulator-metal structure, considering a thin film of oxide between metal and insulator; the oxide is another insulator of wider forbidden energy gap. A uniform energy distribution of impurity states at the oxide-insulator interface was considered. W e have studied the actual distribution of potential in the region of spatial charge using the Poisson equation. With this distribution we obtain the relation between the contact potential and the charge in the depletion region and then the characteristic potential - capacitance of t his structure. This type of characteristic is useful to calculate the characteristic current - potential, and current-time at a given potential . In this manner it is important to the understanding of MIM and MOIM structures.
Zencirci, M. Nejat. "Instrumentation et techniques de caractérisation transitoire de diodes métal-isolant-semiconducteur applications au système métal-isolant InP /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376108959.
Full textAdroguer, Pierre. "Propriétés de transport électronique des isolants topologiques." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00832048.
Full textBOUHACINA, TOURIA. "Relaxation dans les verres isolants et semiconducteurs." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30150.
Full textAchchaq, Fouzia. "Étude hygro-thermique de matériaux isolants fibreux." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0122.
Full textThe thesis objective is the understanding of hydric and thermic behavior of mineral and plant insulators used in building field. Two not weaved medias are chosen : glass wool and hemp wool. Three aspects constitute this study. The stuctural characterization of wools according macroscopic and microscopic scales (EVR, microporosity. . . ), then a hydric characterization in isothermal condition (sorption/desorption, cup test, ESEM. . . ) and finally, a thermic characterization (ATG, method Alembêta, thermal conductivity. . . )
Meyer, Michel. "Contribution à l'étude de la structure et de l'organisation du RNA-2 (isolat S) et des RNA satellites de 5 isolats du TBRV." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599635j.
Full textMeyer, Michel. "Contribution a l'etude de la structure et de l'organisation du rna-2 (isolat s) et des rna satellites de 5 isolats du tbrv." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13091.
Full textBenamara, Zineb. "Elaboration et caractérisation des structures germanium-isolant." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611761z.
Full textBenamara, Zineb. "Elaboration et caractérisation des structures germanium-isolant." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ECDL0013.
Full textThiery, Nicolas. "Transfert de spin dans un isolant magnétique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. https://thares.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/2019GREAY064.pdf.
Full textThe generation and detection of pure spin currents circulating in magnetic insulator materials are at the heart of insulating spintronics. It have proven its worth by enabling transport of spin information across large distances, much further than in metals, thanks to the absence of decay mechanism through the delocalized electrons. Spin currents here propagate over localized magnetic moments via spin-waves (SW), or their quanta the magnons, with characteristic frequencies ranging from GHz to THz and associated wavelengths from µm to nm. Recently, considerable attention in the field of insulating spintronics has been given Yttrium Iron garnets (YIG), which is a ferrimagnetic insulator with the lowest known amount of magnetic damping. My thesis work focuses on spin waves transport in high-quality ultra-thin films exploiting spin-orbit tools to interconvert the spin signal into an electrical signal. By injecting a high current density in Pt electrodes deposited few microns apart on top of a YIG film, a pure magnon current propagating in the YIG can be induced/detected via the direct/inverse spin Hall effect. The main contribution of my work is a wide investigating of the spin transfer at large energies. We have found that the spin conductance in this system can cross several regimes that involve a strong change in the magnon distribution. Throughout various techniques such as Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy, spin Seebeck and spin Hall magnetoresistance measurements, we provide a complete analysis of the different phenomena surrounding the spin transport at large energy in thin YIG films and we will show that our experimental findings do not support yet the emergence of the new collective behaviors, such as Bose-Einstein condensation at room temperature
Le, calvez Kévin. "Signatures of a 4pi periodic Andreev bound state in topological Josephson junctions." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY099/document.
Full textThree dimensional topological insulators (3D TI) are a new state of matter composedof an electrically insulating bulk covered by metallic surface states. Theoretically, a topo-logical Josephson junction composed of these surface states can host an Andreev Boundstate (ABS) that has twice the periodicity of the conventional 2p periodic ABSs. The4p periodic ABS is expected to be the building block of topological quantum computing.Therefore, we study the dynamic of this particular ABS by performing Shapiro measure-ment on Josephson junctions built with bismuth based 3D TI.To identify the e?ects of a 4p periodic ABS in a Shapiro measurement, we use a phe-nomenological model that simulates the voltage-current characteristics of a TJJ. We predicttwo signatures of the 4p periodic ABS and estimate their robustness against Joule heatingand thermally activated quasiparticle poisoning of the 4p periodic mode.We study the Josephson junctions dynamics by performing Shapiro measurements onjunctions built on Bi2Se3. We observe the two previously anticipated signatures, whichare the non-conventional appearance order of the Shapiro steps and the remaining of asupercurrent at the closing of the Shapiro step n = 0. They prove the presence of a 4pperiodic ABS.We also study the topological insulator BiSbTeSe2 that we have grown by using themelting growth method. By superconducting interferometric measurements, we show asuperconducting surface transport without bulk electronic conduction
Nguyen, Ngoc Minh. "Caractérisation de matériaux écologiques en vue du remplacement du SF6 dans les systèmes d'isolation moyenne tension." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00629505.
Full textTaleb, Mandana. "PHENOMENES AUX INTERFACES DES ISOLANTS : MESURE ET SIMULATION." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00670594.
Full textZhou, Chun-Lin. "Transmission d’ions multichargés au travers de capillaires isolants." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN2018.
Full textFor the purpose of revealing the features of the dynamic evolution of the slow highly charged ions transmission through the capillary, 27 keV Ar 9+ions were injected into individual glass capillaries. The time evolution of insulating conical shaped capillary guiding is observed in details at an injected intensity of ~10 pA and a scenario including several charge patches is introduced for explaining the dynamical evolution. This is the first report on conical capillaries which might be a good shape for high intensity micro-beams. In the MeV energy range, the experiment was performed for 71 MeV 129Xe19+ and 26. 5 MeV 78Kr 10+ to reveal the physics mechanism of fast HCIs transmission through glass capillary. The obtained ’doughnut’ shape images on the PSD for the conical capillary and the halo structure for the tapered capillary are attributed to small angle Rutherford scattering. Furthermore, energy loss is revealed by time of flight spectra, taking the advantage of the 10 MHz pulsed incident beam
Dalod, Laurence. "Elaboration d'un conductivimètre pour super-isolants fortement anisotropes." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2273.
Full textGuazzagaloppa, Jérémy. "Matériaux super-isolants thermiques à propriétés thermoélectriques intégrées." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS086.
Full textIn the search of new sustainable energies, the issue of energy harvesting is essential. Heat loss is involved in most of the industrial processes, thus thermoelectricity has its full role to play in this search through the Seebeck effect which consists in converting a temperature gradient into an electrical current. A good thermoelectric material requires a high electrical conductivity σ and Seebeck coefficient α and a low thermal conductivity λ. However, despite recent advances in the field, the use of conventional thermoelectric materials on a large scale becomes difficult due to their toxicity, low abundance and high cost. The development of new materials that respect environmental considerations has thus become necessary. Hence, with the emergence of a new family of materials, namely organic thermoelectric materials, based on conductive polymers and gels (aerogels/xerogels), new perspectives are now possible. In the frame of these new advances, the aim of this work is to functionalize thermal super-insulating materials with a very low thermal conductivity by adding thermoelectric properties. This was first done by numerical simulations based on density functional theory (DFT) and classical molecular dynamics (MD), via different modules included in the Materials Studio software. This allowed us to numerically represent and validate the structure of our thermal insulating material, the Resorcinol/Formaldehyde (RF) xerogel. A doping process with 5 % in iron particles was then performed using MD calculations in order to evaluate the dispersion of the charges within the RF network and to represent numerically the doped material for a future study of its thermoelectric properties via a Boltzmann formalism.In a second step, the objective was to identify the optimal synthesis protocol as a function of the different synthesis parameters and the different conductive dopants. The study of the influence of a thermal treatment by pyrolysis then allowed the improvement of the electrical conductivity of the pure material having a very low figure of merit ZT=2.7×〖10〗^(-16), (ZT=α^2 σT/λ is a measure of the efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion). A study of doping was then carried out during the gelling process according to different loading rates in order to reach a percolation threshold. A figure of merit ZT=2.4×〖10〗^(-3) was then obtained with a doping level of 60 % in graphene oxide (GO). However, this type of dopant generates a very high synthesis cost, which explain why we investigated other types of charges, namely electrically conductive fibers. In that case, we obtained a ZT= 8.0×〖10〗^(-4) with a doping level of 10 % in oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers (PANOX). The assembly of the module and the realization of a test bench have made it possible to characterize the thermoelectric performance of our different materials. A power density of the order of 2 mW.m-2 was then obtained with the PANOX fiber-reinforced RF xerogel with a thickness of 1 cm and an surface area of 50 cm² for a temperature difference of 30°C. Thanks to this materials, we have identified an application as part of the thermal insulation of a hybrid vehicle battery in order to detect a failure associated with a vacuum loss. Finally, a study based on theoretical models has shown the interest of continuing research activities in order to improve the thermoelectric properties. We then considered the assembly of modules composed of 1000 junctions (pp) then (np) with target materials in order to reach higher power density levels of several W.m-2 and output voltages of several V to produce enough energy for the supply of auxiliaries such as sensors for example
Odof, Serge. "Microanalyse x des isolants : simulations de monte-carlo." Reims, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REIMS022.
Full textTaleb, Mandana. "Phénomènes aux interfaces des isolants : mesure et simulation." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1550/.
Full textDue to their thermal, electrical or mechanical properties, solid organic dielectrics are more and more used in electronic, electrical and microelectronic domains. However, these dielectrics are mainly used in systems where they are in contact with other components: with semi-conducting screens in High Voltage cables, with substrates and other dielectrics in multi-layer systems, with micro or nano-particles of organic or inorganic materials. Interfaces exist in such systems and contribute to the space charge accumulation in solid dielectrics. This charge build-up can lead to dielectric breakdown, meaning the failure of the system. The major problem remains the physical description of these interfaces, as it is known that injection of charges from the interfaces is determinant in the charge generation and transport. Indeed, theoretical approaches like the Schottky injection law do not provide an adequate description of experimental currents in wide band gap insulations. Recently, surface states at the metal/organic interface were suggested as the source of additional energetic disorder, localized near the interface. Localized states at the interface are known to have a large impact on charge injection and extraction so a better understanding of the interface mechanisms is then necessary in order to develop an alternative model for charge injection. The aim of this work is to better understand the impact of the nature of the metal and of the surface topology on the charge generation at a metal/ dielectric interface. This work is based on a dual approach modeling and experience. The insulation used is here is the low density polyethylene (LDPE). First, we characterized experimentally metal / insulator interfaces thanks to the available measures (measures of space charge, current conduction, luminescence, profilometry. . . ). In a second step, we developed a numerical model capable of taking into account the surface states. The approach is original, because the study focuses on charge injection and transport with an exponential distribution of energy states at the interface
Low, Zi Kang. "Matériaux cellulaires isolants haute température : Relation microstructure-propriétés." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI122.
Full textThis CIFRE doctoral study, performed in collaboration with Saint-Gobain Research Provence, aims to model the thermal properties of NorFoam XPure®, an alumina foam designed for high temperature thermal insulation (1200°C–1700°C). The goal is to develop and validate multiscale numerical models to compute the conductive and radiative heat transfer through the foam from 3D tomography-reconstructed microstructures and the intrinsic properties of each constituent phase. Specific attention is given to the complex porosity in the studied foam: in addition to the open-cell network, smaller pores are also found within the foam skeleton. Novel approaches are proposed in the present work to take into account the influence of this dual-scale porosity. Firstly, effective heat conduction through the foam is modeled with finite element homogenization techniques. It is demonstrated that the commonly used periodic boundary conditions are unsuitable for tomography-reconstructed foams, and that a set of mixed boundary conditions gives more accurate and precise results for such foams. As radiative transfer through the porous foam skeleton is characterized by high volume scattering and significant wave effects, a novel physical optics approach based on the discrete dipole approximation is next developed to model the influence of these phenomena. The radiative properties of the foam are then determined through a ray tracing method that takes into account the complex radiative behavior of the porous foam skeleton. The influence of non-specular reflection and refraction at the interfaces between the foam cells and skeleton is studied. Finally, the homogenized properties are applied to simulate the coupled conductive and radiative heat transfer through the foam. The model predictions are systematically compared to thermal and spectroscopic measurements performed on samples of the foam and the foam skeleton material. The good agreement between numerical and experimental results confirms the predictive capabilities of the models developed in this study
Mamy, Pépé Roger. "Etude de la réponse mécanique des isolants organiques solides au cours de l'application d'un champ électrique : cas du pet semi-cristallin." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30017.
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