Academic literature on the topic 'IT產業'

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. Asia has been playing an important role politically and economically in the world and its influence will extend in the 21st century. At the meantime, sport industry is also booming in the Pacific Rim in terms of the concept of global village. Sport industry was a $213 billion USD business and ranked the sixth major industry in the United States in the 20th century. The global sport business has already exceeded $500 billion USD in the new millennium (Street & Smith’s Sports Business Journal, 1999). John Cappo, International Vice President at International Management Group (IMG) indicates that the World Cup Korea/Japan 2002 and the awarding of the Olympic Games to Beijing 2008 is a further testament of the increased proliferation of sports marketing in Asia. These countries and governments use the sports marketing platform to provide a window to the world, promote their countries, business and cultural exchange. This support and commit will further add to the development and growth of the sports marketing industry. There is no doubt about that the sport industry is an economic behemoth and it is creating unlimited potential opportunities for all kinds of business. The impact of sport business is increasing in Asia when the values of health and leisure are more emphasized. In addition, it is critical to understand the development of sport industry in Asia as the world trade is more globalized and sport business is more internationalized. Therefore, the purposes of this paper are to: 1) introduce the development of Asian sport industry in China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan as the examples, 2) foresee the future development of sport industry in 21st century. 亞洲一直是世界經濟及政治的一個重要角色，它的影響力已延伸到21世紀。在世界村的觀念下，亞太地區的運動產業正在蓬勃發展。二十世紀的美國，運動產業是總值2,130億美元的第六大產業，而在這新的世紀裡，全球運動產業的總值已經超越5,000億美元，IMG的國際副總裁John Cappo指出2002年日本及韓國的世界盃及2008年的北京奧運證實了運動產業在亞洲的發展。這些國家及政府利用大型國際運動賽事來為本國宣傳，同時也促進文化及經濟的交流，像這些國家的付出及支持，更加速運動產業的發展。無疑的，運動產業這隻經濟巨獸已創造出無限的商機，尤其當健康及娛樂的價值在亞洲地區日益受到重視之際，運動產業的影響力也就與日俱增。在目前貿易全球化及運動商業國際化之時，了解亞洲國家的運動產業就顯得相當重要了。鑑此，本研究的主要目的是以中、日、韓、台為例，介紹亞洲的運動產業並預測二十一世紀該產業的發展。

日本2019年5月1日從「平成」改元到「令和」後，平成30年的歷史就此落下帷幕。到現在為止的30年間，日本經濟從平成元年（1989年）泡沫經濟的頂峰開始，經過消費稅增稅、亞洲貨幣危機、平成金融危機、IT泡沫的崩潰、雷曼危機等時期。破產以及企業再建的數量隨著經濟結構的改變而發生變化，經濟不景氣破產就會增加，景氣變好破產就會減少。如果從經濟結構方面探討，可以用熊彼得的經濟結構被資本主義內在力量破壞的理論來表現，即「創造性破壞」。<br />

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.本文在介紹《新世紀醫師專業精神——醫師宣言》(Medical Professionalism in the New Millennium: A Physicians’ Charter) 產生的背景、發展狀況、醫師專業精神的基本內容與含義基礎上，從儒家醫學倫理的視角出發，結合案例分析，著重對將患者利益放在首位的原則與利他主義原則、患者自主原則、社會公平原則進行比較、分析和解讀。This essay introduces the basic content and key features of the document “Medical Professionalism in the New Millennium: A Physicians’ Charter” issued by a few American and European medical organizations in 2002. It provides a Confucian evaluation of the fundamental professional principles that the Charter upholds: the primacy of patients’ welfare, patients’ autonomy, and social justice. Drawing on rich Confucian moral and intellectual resources, this essay shows that these fundamental principles must be reinterpreted in terms of Chinese medical ethical concerns and commitments in relation to Chinese healthcare contexts. For example, the principles of the primacy of patient’s welfare and patients’ autonomy may be difficult to uphold in real-life situations. How should we resolve such conflicts? Chinese and Western views and methods may differ. This essay provides three cases to illustrate how Confucian ethical views bear on healthcare decision making. These case studies demonstrate how Confucian moral resources can be drawn on to interpret, enrich, and adapt the fundamental principles promoted by the Charter to guide Chinese health carein real-life settings.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 173 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

The year 1949 was a great divide in modern Chinese history. How Shanghai bankers responded to it is an interesting question to address. For those bankers who chose to leave Shanghai and settle in British Hong Kong, can we suppose they were permanently separated from China or Taiwan? It is generally assumed that once the Shanghai bankers confined themselves to their new home in Hong Kong or moved on to other locations in the United States or elsewhere, they immediately severed all ties with either mainland China under the ccp (Chinese Communist Party) or Taiwan under the kmt (Kuomintang or Guomindang). Such an assumption leads to a mistaken argument that the departure of Chinese bankers from Shanghai cut short their involvements in China politics. Perhaps it is true that some emigrant bankers never returned, but others remained in touch with their home in China, whether because they were solicited by the agents who were sent to the colony by the ccp in China and the kmt in Taiwan, or, because they took the initiative in reaching across the borders to mainland China or Taiwan. From their sanctuary in Hong Kong, how did the bankers conduct cross-border relations after 1949? This paper will go beyond the general assumption that the Shanghai bankers turned to Hong Kong solely for the colony’s being a sanctuary during the political and economic turmoil of the 1940s. Instead, these bankers continued to engage in political confrontation to the ccp and the kmt after they fled Shanghai. This paper argues that once they were in the colony, they had to address several problems. These included, first, to choose their final destination in either Shanghai, Hong Kong or Taipei; second, whether to continue or quit their banking careers and thirdly, to find a solution in order to counteract the alignment with either the ccp or the kmt. 1949年是中國近代史的分水嶺，上海銀行家對面對動盪不安的局勢會作出怎樣的回應，是一個很值得討論的問題。一旦銀行家選擇離開上海，轉移到英屬香港，他們就可完全脫離國共內戰的地理範疇──中國大陸或臺灣嗎？一般的研究無不認為已從香港轉移到香港的上海銀行家，目的為遠離包括在大陸執政的中國共產黨或撤退至臺灣的國民黨。本文指出，這樣的設想是對當時處於動盪政治經濟局勢的上海銀行家的錯誤理解。事實上，當時是有一部份從上海撤離的銀行家並不願意再被捲入政治，但是有更多已在境外的銀行家，透過自己在國共兩黨的代表，與中國大陸或臺灣保持緊密之聯繫，也有許多銀行家是主動地發展出跨境的管道來維持與中國大陸或臺灣的關係。值得探討的是，1949年之後，這些以英屬香港為基地的跨境聯繫是如何運作的呢？ 本文探討1940年代末在中國變動的政治與經濟局勢下，香港不僅為離開上海的銀行家提供一個安全的庇護所，同時更是這些銀行家在離開上海後繼續面對中國共產黨和國民黨，進行各種活動的最重要境外基地。本文指出這些上海銀行家在移居香港之際所要面對的諸多問題。首先，如何在上海、香港和臺北三地之間作出選擇，哪裏是他們最佳的落腳處？其次，是否要繼續和如何維持銀行的業務？最後，應如何因應中國共產黨和中國國民黨向他們的統戰而作出適當的反應？ (This article is in English).

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.器官移植的問題是當代生命倫理學的一個重要問題。如果從人類自身利益出發，這種被視為拯救危重病人生命的技術，的確是醫學科學的進步，但它涉及的社會倫理道德問題十分廣泛。如果從佛教倫理學——淨土宗的觀點出發，即以緣起論來認識屍體器官移植，則認為器官移植會使死者因強烈的痛苦而生嗔惱，障礙死者往生淨土；佛教的生死分際的判定標準——阿陀那識執受根身則認為腦死亡概念是由於器官移植術而產生的“腦死”名詞。另外，佛教的護生觀和平等觀反對異種移植和器官商業化。站在佛法的角度，器官移植不僅有違“眾生平等”的精神，而且可能成為“殺生利器”。The problem of organ transplantation is an important issue in contemporary bioethics. From the vantage point of view of benefiting the human life, organ transplantation can be seen as lifesaving technology and a sign of a great progress of medical science. Nevertheless, organ transplantation involves profound ethical dimensions and ambiguities. This paper offers a study of organ transplantation from the perspective of Pure Land Buddhism. Shall then employ the Buddhist theories such as dependant origination, karma, reincarnation, and compassion to approach issues regarding cadaver organ transplantation, brain death, xeno-transplantation, and organ trading. Since Buddhist tradition holds the view that the consciousness does not leave the body that is pronounced dead immediately, it would be a problem if the organ is removed from “the dead,” which might interrupt the final destination of rebirth. The paper concludes that organ transplantation is a kind of human technology that violates the basic spirit of Buddhism.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 527 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.代孕（文中特指完全代孕）行為是指代理孕母接受不孕夫婦的受精卵，將其放入自己的子宮內，實現受孕，並經過十月懷胎，生出與自己無血緣關係的孩子的行為。代孕作為輔助生殖技術衍生技術，自產生之初，便飽受爭議。圍繞代孕產生的道德爭議包括：代孕生育是不是一種非自然的方式而應予以抵制？代理孕母出借子宮是否有損人的尊嚴？如果代孕合乎道德，是否能夠使其商業化？本文旨在從儒家倫理學出發，以“生生之德”、“仁者愛人”為代孕技術和代理孕母提供一種合理的辯護。從儒家倫理學的角度來看，代孕技術和代理孕母本身就是道德上正當的。代孕技術為不能生育的夫婦帶來希望，符合“生生之德”，是一種以人道補不足的措施；代理孕母更是為了他人的幸福甘願犧牲人利益，體現出崇高的道德價值。同時，本文嘗試用儒家生命倫理學的基本原則，即“貴生”、“仁愛”、“公義”、“和諧”四原則，為代孕行為做出規範。使得代孕能夠被更多的人所接受，促進社會福祉。Surrogacy, especially complete surrogacy, refers to a surrogate woman who accepts the fertilized egg of an infertile couple into her uterus to achieve pregnancy for that couple. In almost ten months she will give birth to a baby who belongs not to her but to the infertile couple. Such surrogacy, along with relevant assisted reproductive technology, has been highly controversial since its introduction. It is well known that important ethical issues surround such surrogacy, including: should such unnatural surrogacy be resisted or prohibited? Is lending one’s uterus in such surrogacy compatible with a proper notion of human dignity? If such surrogacy is morally acceptable, should it be commercialized?Since 2001, the Chinese Ministry of Health has completely banned the practice of such surrogacy through administrative regulations. However, this has merely produced an “underground” surrogate industry, but has not reduced the demand for surrogate mothers. This essay intends to defend surrogate technology and surrogate motherhood from the Confucian notion of “creative creativity” and “benevolent love.”Surrogate technology, which offers assistance to produce human life through artificial means, brings hope to infertile couples who wish to have children. This is in conformance with the Confucian notion of “creative creativity.” It provides an artificial way to make up for deficiencies in human natural reproduction. A surrogate mother is compassionate towards infertile families. She is willing to sacrifice her personal interests for the welfare of others, reflecting the lofty moral values of the Confucian tradition.In addition, this article appeals to certain basic Confucian ethical principles to address relevant issues. These principles include the principles of “cherishing life,” “benevolence,” “justice,” and “harmony.” The principle of cherishing life requires that every human being should have respect for and love life, and this is taken to be an inherent requirement of human nature in Confucian thought. The principle of benevolence refers to the requirement that everyone should care for others and follow the golden rule, namely, that one should not do to others what one does not want others to do oneself. Confucian justice is considered a basic virtue in social distribution, and government should take care of those who are unfortunate or vulnerable. In the medical field, this is particularly reflected in the equitable distribution of medical resources. The principle of harmony requires that each individual should have peaceful contact with others and get along with others in a friendly way; it also requires that everyone make important decisions together with their close family members in relevant medical contexts. Taking all of these principles together, the Chinese government should not ban surrogacy through administrative regulations. It is only proper to guide surrogate practices through certain rules and norms, so that the legitimate interests of both infertile couples and surrogate mothers can be adequately protected in terms of suitable Confucian ethical considerations.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 1934 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.針對中國現代社會轉型期的醫患信任危機，本文試從儒家“誠”、“信”的倫理思想出發，揭示儒家誠信思想之本質在於將“誠”作修身之本，以“信”為人倫之道。並通過分析儒家誠信思想側重對人品人格的內在德性的強調，進一步結合傳統社會的醫患交往模式得出傳統社會醫患誠信的特徵是基於醫者篤行“誠信”儒志的人格信任的結論。進而指出儒家誠信思想對改善現代社會轉型期市場經濟衝擊下，醫生逐利失信、患者寓信於利，雙方產生信任危機是具有現實意義的。本文總結出，在社會轉型和醫患關係日趨複雜化的當今，患者弱勢和醫學本質的內在要求從根本上決定了，只有形成一種以醫生為主的道德性信任，即醫生在充分正確認識醫學目的和醫患利益關係後形成作為醫學專業人員的種人生態度和專業精神，進而贏得患者的信任。同時，這種相對穩固的信任關係的形成，也離不開有效的監督機制與合理的制度建設等社會誠信機制的建立。A crisis of trust exists in the doctor-patient relationship in contemporary transitional China. This essay applies the Confucian notions of sincerity and trustworthiness to analyze the causes of the crisis. It argues that sincerity is the root of trust in human relations. For trust to develop between patients and doctors, sincerity must be cultivated. Without sincerity mediating human relations, trust between doctors and patients is impossible.The Confucian doctrine of sincerity is based on one’s inherent moral personality, and is part of the virtuous treatment of others. In Confucianism, love is a relational virtue, meaning one should practice filial piety, be kind to one’s children, sympathetic to strangers, and so forth; however, one must also be reliable and trustworthy in whatever type of relationship in which one is engaged. To gain the trust of their patients, doctors must demonstrate Confucian virtues in their activities. In addition, with regard to benefits, doctors must not forget virtue or righteousness. They should not make a profit that is not within the scope of Confucian virtue. This point is particularly applicable to today’s crisis of trust, because many consider that doctors have violated Confucian principles by making a profit.The essay concludes that a strong doctor-patient trust relationship cannot be built in contemporary transitional China without the cultivation of the Confucian notion of sincerity. Without doubt, the doctor-patient relationship is complicated by the high-tech medical environment, inevitable vulnerability of patients, and rapid development of the healthcare market. All of these factors make it even more important that doctors form a life attitude that incorporates sincerity and trustworthiness, which are manifested in the virtuous practice of their profession. The Confucian notions of sincerity and trustworthiness will equip doctors to properly understand and achieve professional goals and interests in the care of their patients. Finally, to help in the maintenance of a strong trust relation between doctors and patients, proper public policy, social mechanisms, and effective supervision and regulation based on sincerity and trustworthiness are indispensable.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 340 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.人工智能（ＡＩ）將如何促進人類的醫療保健？如果我們擔心人工智能介入醫療的風險，我們又應該關注什麽呢？本文試圖概述此類問題，並對人工智能介入醫療的風險與希望作一個初步評價。人工智能作為一種研究工具和診斷工具具有巨大的潛力，特別是在基因組學和公共衛生領域中。人工智能在醫療中的廣泛使用可能還會對醫療系統的組織方式和商業實踐產生深刻的影響，而這些影響的方式與程度還沒有被充分認識到。在人工智能醫學的熱情擁護者看來，應用人工智能可以幫助醫生集中精力在對他們和病人而言真正重要的問題上。然而，本文將論證這些樂觀的判斷是基於對現代醫療環境下機構和經濟運行規則的一些不合情理的假設之上。本文將聚焦於如下一 些重要議題：大資料中的隱私、監管和偏見，過分信任機器的風險，透明度問題，醫療專業人士的“去技能化”問題，人工智能重塑醫療保健的方式，以及人工智能對醫療保健中權力分配的影響。其中有兩個關鍵的問題尤其值得哲學家和生命倫理學家的進一步關注。第一，當醫生不僅需要處理人而且需要處理資料的時候，醫療實踐會呈現出什麽樣的形態？第二，在醫療決策權衡中，我們應該给予來自機器的意見以多大的權重？What does Artificial Intelligence (AI) have to contribute to health care? And what should we be looking out for if we are worried about its risks? In this paper we offer a survey, and initial evaluation, of hopes and fears about the applications of artificial intelligence in medicine. AI clearly has enormous potential as a research tool, in genomics and public health especially, as well as a diagnostic aid. It’s also highly likely to impact on the organisational and business practices of healthcare systems in ways that are perhaps under-appreciated. Enthusiasts for AI have held out the prospect that it will free physicians up to spend more time attending to what really matters to them and their patients. We will argue that this claim depends upon implausible assumptions about the institutional and economic imperatives operating in contemporary healthcare settings. We will also highlight important concerns about privacy, surveillance, and bias in big data, as well as the risks of over trust in machines, the challenges of transparency, the deskilling of healthcare practitioners, the way AI reframes healthcare, and the implications of AI for the distribution of power in healthcare institutions. We will suggest that two questions, in particular, are deserving of further attention from philosophers and bioethicists. What does care look like when one is dealing with data as much as people? And, what weight should we give to the advice of machines in our own deliberations about medical decisions?DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 119 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.中國農村貧困地區衛生保健面臨籌資與組織等方面的問題，尤其是貧困地區經濟發展滯後，嚴重影響了衛生保健需求的購買力，因而形成了因病致貧和因貧致病的惡性循環，嚴重阻礙着生產力的發展。儘管貧困地區的政府對衛生保健的投資力度不大，但衛生資源的利用極不充分，表現為人力過剩，業務量不足，設備閑置。調查中發現，貧困地區農民在煙酒、求神拜佛、請客送禮等方面的開支甚大，故仍存在保健籌資的潛力。在保健制度方面，合作醫療比例不大，婦幼保償制和免疫保償制覆蓋面低，病人流向在不同保健制度之間差別較大。調查中發現，經濟與保健有着雙向互制作用。衛生保健應與經濟發展同步。政府應承擔發展保健事業的主要責任，加大對保健的投入，引導農民調整消費結構，改善籌資環境，普及健康教育，同時採取分步到位的辦法，逐步建立合作性質的保健制度，並建立相應的法規。Approximately sixty million Chinese people live in China's poverty-stricken rural areas (annual income per capita is lower than 400 Chinese yuan, or US $50). Most people in these areas do not have any level of health insurance. About 72.6% of the individuals who need to visit physicians are not unable to do so because of financial difficulties. The death rate of newborns is as high as 10%. Many households are caught up in a vicious circle: they contract disease because of poverty, and they become poor because of disease.It is vitally important to establish a basic level of health care insurance for these people. According to our investigation and calculation, it requires about 18 hundred million Chinese yuan per year in total (based on medical prices in 1993) to provide a minimum amount of health care for these people, including four prenatal care visits and delivery service, vaccine shots for children (thirteen times total for every child before the age of 13), and basic medical care (including three clinic visits and half a day hospitalization per capita per year). In our investigation, most people in these areas support such a plan for basic health care insurance and express their willingness to pay part of premium.Currently, the average health care spending per capita per year in these areas is 17.40 yuan, or 3.75% of the annual income per capita. Accordingly, there should be no serious difficulty for everyone to pay 2.50% of their annual income for health insurance, except for those whose annual income is lower than 200 yuan. In addition, our investigation found that about 28% of the average household expenditures in these areas are spent for tobacco and liquor. Individuals can be encouraged to save this type of spending for their medical care. Currently, from individual premiums (2.50% of annual income), particular funds from villages and towns, and special government financial subsidies, the total amount of funding can reach about 10 hundred million yuan yearly. In order to obtain 18 hundred million yuan as required, about 8 hundred million yuan a year needs to be raised.China used to attempt to provide basic medical care for people by way of providing financial support to health care providers, i.e., hospitals and clinics, so that they could offer cheap medical care for patients. This has not turned out to be a good strategy. The government should, instead, directly provide financial support to health care recipients, especially those living in poverty-stricken rural areas, so that they will financially be able to set up basic health care insurance for themselves. In contemporary times, it is vitally important to help them establish a basic amount of health care insurance.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 14 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.面對由於拒絕簽字而引發的醫療事件，使一些人對特殊醫療實施前的病人簽字制度產生懷疑，認為這是不必要的。但事實上制定述項制度是醫療的必須，它既保護了病人權利不受侵犯，也為醫生從事高風險職業提供了保障，因此可以在倫理上得到辯護。由於中西方不同的文化傳統導致在簽字上有患者本人和家屬之分。家屬簽字有其合理部分，但也存在弊端，應從維護病人最大利益出發，區別對待。The physician must obtain the patient's consent in order to make medical interference with the patient's body. For instance, the physician may not perform a surgical operation if the patient does not permit the operation. This is generally termed the practice of informed consent. However, there are different patterns of the practice of informed consent between the West and China. In the West the physician directly informs the patent and the patient signs the consent form for an operation. But in China the physician usually informs a family representative and the family representative signs the consent form. This paper argues that the familialistic pattern of informed consent is defensible in the Chinese moral and cultural context.In the first place, it is necessary to clarify a mistaken view. Some argue that sign for operation is not necessary because it may prevent the physician from doing beneficent acts on the patient. For them, since the physician is doing good to the patient by performing an operation, the patient should have agreed and actually have agreed to such procedures generally. Therefore, it is not necessary for the patient to sign a consent form. There are a number of problems with this view. The primary issue is that it overlooks the sovereignty of the patient over his/her body. It is the right of the patient to control his/her own body, regardless of whether the physician is doing good or bad on him/her. It is true that the physician, as a medical professional, is generally to do good to the patient. But it is still the patient that should be the master of his/her own body and keeps the power of deciding what he/her wants to do with it. Even if the practice of this type of patient rights may not always lead to the best interest to the patient, the cost is worthwhile to pay.Nevertheless, whether it should be the patient him/herself or a family representative that is to sign for an operation is a different issue. The Western answer is that it certainly should be the patient to sign the form. It is, after all, his/her own body, health, and life that are at stake. But there are different moral and cultural assumptions between the East and the West regarding this issue. Chinese people understand the family as an autonomous unit from the rest of society. They keep a clear distinction between intra- and extra-familial issues. When a family member falls ill, the whole family, rather than the patient alone, faces the physician regarding medical options. So the final authority of decision making is in the hand s of the entire family, rather the single patient. The moral and cultural assumption is that all family members should take care of the sick and make the best medical choice on the behalf of the sick. In this practice it is not that the patient's right to self-determination is deprived of by the family; rather, it is the healthy members of the family exempt the burden of the patient to struggle for such decisions or sign forms. Hence, in the Chinese cultural and moral context, the practice of signing a consent form by a family representative is morally defensible.However, there should be some limitations on this practice. For instance, in emergency saving life should become the first priority of the physician regardless of whether the physician can get a signature or not. Second, the cultural assumption for the family to sign is to provide treatment to the patient for the patient's interest. If the problem is whether to give up medical treatment, the family should not make such a decision without consulting the patient as long as the patient is competent.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 7 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

碩士<br>國立清華大學<br>工業工程與工程管理學系<br>94<br>Abstract Taiwan IT suppliers has cooperated with international big customers for a very long term period, starting from simple sub-manufacture only, trained from sub-design and sub-manufacture process, finally knew how to do design and manufacture by themselves, also hold on the ability on global logistics support, thus it is attractive for those international big customers and medium-scale system integrators or traders, in order to catch for the business opportunity and raise up their competitions, these customers come to Taiwan and try to seek IPO cooperative partner so as to expand their scale of purchasing in Taiwan. This article focused the strategy and working pattern of International Purchasing Office (IPO) should do in Taiwan. From the developing status of global IT industry field, discuss the appearance of IPO in Taiwan and the role of IPO should do between Taiwan suppliers and the foreign customer. By way of the analysis and study from the case company, it is discussed how IPO should adjust its direction immediately according to the market changes; When facing on the seriously competition of global PC market, and meager profit, how IPO should act so as to prevent the compression of the living space; Under the fully supports by Taiwan sub-suppliers, how should IPO do to utilize the resources of all suppliers, develop the useful supply chain information and effective solution so as to offer and meet foreign customer's demands immediately. In the initial stage of 1980 times, the global computer industry was starting from Apple II close structure computer, it droved Taiwan IT industry, at that time a lot of companies to develop Apple II compatible computers, such as Acer, the small professor, Mitac, little magic, etc.. While, proposed the restraining of its patent right by the Apple II computer, caused these Taiwan companies have to revise or stop their goods. The good thing is, in 1983, IBM define the standard of the PC, owning to IBM PC is very popular at that time and IBM authorized the Taiwan manufacturers to produce with IBM compatible PC with very low patent right money, so market demand was changed from close structure of Apple II computer to the open structure of IBM PC soon, therefore it created the huge business opportunity for all the manufacturers in Taiwan, it caused Taiwan become the biggest IT computer exporters in the world-wide. Under the framework of relation between IPO, Supplier and Customer, this study uses the analysis of competition strength, finding out about the factors of industrial structure and competition, distinguish the competitive environment, build the competitive strategy. Strengthen the relation of depending of IPO with supplier and foreign customer, Taiwan IPO need to improve its own competitiveness constantly, 1'st of all, concentrate to improve suppliers' quality and service. 2'ndly, try to upgrade the relationship between Taiwan suppliers and foreign customer from simple buying-selling relation, through the helping from IPO, become the strategy-cooperate partnership. It will bring the win-win profit for both two sides. IPO needs to make great efforts to improve the technical core itself and offer the adding value service even more, help the international integrator and become its successful key competition advantage, it can prove the great value and importance of why the IPO is one of the key successful factor for the foreign customer.

碩士<br>淡江大學<br>中國大陸研究所<br>92<br>˙英文摘要 Abstract The purpose of this thesis aims to profile Taiwan IT industry’s globalization layout strategy on human resources and intellectual capital in Mainland China by showcasing two Taiwan-based manufacturers — Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation and the Foxconn Electronics, Inc. as an analysis specimens through in-depth interview mode and archival review to analyze Taiwan IT industry’s globalization layout strategy on human resources and intellectual capital management in Mainland China. Analysis is made to discern the human resources management development strategy adopted by the two case specimens in terms of a five-element implementation mode concerning recruitment, selection screening, training, management, and citation/reprimand, together with the S.W.O.T. analysis, made to discern the correlation how each of the case companies continue to maintain their respective competitive edge and excel their respective operating efficiency. With the content of intellectual capital strategy defined and categorized as the fundamental theory for measuring subsequent studies, the Intellectual Capital management strategy adopted by the two case companies — TSMC and FOXCONN are further examined as a practical implementation mechanism for investing in Mainland China, which in turn are used for topical development and made into conclusion and recommendation. The study finding concludes that the case companies’ globalization layout plans, taking to an outstanding human resources management and development as a strategic axis, together with effective use of intellectual capital l management and a smart adaptation of dynamic execution capability and IT know-how, have greatly enhance their competitiveness and management yield. Keywords:Human Resources, Intellectual Capital, Strategy