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Journal articles on the topic 'It was found that the microstructure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Zeng, Qiu Lian, Zhong Guang Wang, and J. K. Shang. "Microstructural Effects on Low Cycle Fatigue of Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu Pb-Free Solder." Key Engineering Materials 345-346 (August 2007): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.239.

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Low cycle fatigue behavior of Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu solder was investigated under fully reversed cyclic loading, with particular emphasis on microstructural effects. The LCF behavior of the solder with equiaxed microstructure was found to differ greatly from that of the solder with a dendrite microstructure. At a given total strain amplitude, the dendrite microstructure exhibited a much longer fatigue life than the equiaxed microstructure. Such a strong microstructural effect on fatigue life arose from the difference in cyclic deformation and fracture mechanisms between the two microstructures. A lar

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2

Hua, Tian, Ziyin Xiang, Xiangling Xia, et al. "A Sensitivity-Optimized Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensor with Cylindrical Ladder Microstructural Dielectric Layers." Sensors 23, no. 9 (2023): 4323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094323.

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Flexible capacitive pressure sensors have attracted extensive attention due to their dynamic response and good sensing capability for static and small pressures. Using microstructural dielectric layers is an effective method for improving performance. However, the current state of microstructure design is primarily focused on basic shapes and is largely limited by simulation results; there is still a great deal of potential for further innovation and improvement. This paper innovatively proposes to increase the ladder structure based on the basic microstructures, for example, the long micro-ri

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3

Chen, Haisheng, Fang Hao, Shixing Huang та ін. "The Effects of Microstructure on the Dynamic Mechanical Response and Adiabatic Shearing Behaviors of a Near-α Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo Alloy". Materials 16, № 4 (2023): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041406.

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The formation and evolution of adiabatic shear behaviors, as well as the corresponding mechanical properties of a near-Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo (Ti-6321) alloy during dynamic compression process, were systematically investigated by the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) compression tests in this paper. Ti-6321 samples containing three types of microstructures, i.e., equiaxed microstructure, duplex microstructure and Widmanstätten microstructure, were prepared to investigate the relationship between microstructures and dynamic mechanical behaviors under different strain rates in a range from 1000 s−

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4

Strobl, S., and R. Haubner. "Microstructures of iron meteorites." Practical Metallography 61, no. 9-10 (2024): 679–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pm-2024-0063.

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Abstract Meteorites originate from the early phase of our solar system and are wonderfully undefined and inhomogeneous. In terms of its composition and microstructure, one single meteorite has quite a few surprises in store. The iron meteorite microstructure depends essentially on the initial solidification of the melt in a larger asteroid or minor planet. The solidification process itself is a function of local element concentrations and the very slow cooling rate. Various collisions in space resulted in the fragmentation of the asteroids and the deformation of the microstructure. However, wh

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Snopiński, Przemysław, Krzysztof Matus, Ondřej Hilšer, and Stanislav Rusz. "Effects of Built Direction and Deformation Temperature on the Grain Refinement of 3D Printed AlSi10Mg Alloy Processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP)." Materials 16, no. 12 (2023): 4288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16124288.

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In this work, we used an AlSi10Mg alloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM) to study the effects of build direction and deformation temperature on the grain refinement process. Two different build orientations of 0° and 90° and deformation temperatures of 150 °C and 200 °C were selected to study this effect. Light microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the microtexture and microstructural evolution of the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) billets. Grain boundary maps showed that the proportion of low-angle grain boundaries

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Alveen, Patricia, Declan McNamara, Declan Carolan, Neal Murphy, and Alojz Ivanković. "Micromechanical Modelling of Advanced Ceramics Using Statistically Representative Microstructures." Key Engineering Materials 577-578 (September 2013): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.577-578.53.

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Advanced ceramics are a class of materials used as cutting tools in some of the most demanding material removal operations. Their high hardness makes them extremely suited for use at these extreme conditions. However they have a relatively low fracture toughness when compared to other conventional tool materials. A combined experimental-numerical method was used to investigate the role of microstructure on the fracture of advanced ceramics. In particular, the effect of grain size and matrix content were examined. Representative finite volume (FV) microstructures were created using Voronoi tess

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7

Jeya Ganesh, B., S. Raju, E. Mohandas, and M. Vijayalakshmi. "Effect of Thermal Aging on the Transformation Temperatures and Specific Heat Characteristics of 9Cr-1Mo Ferritic Steel." Defect and Diffusion Forum 279 (August 2008): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.279.85.

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The effect of thermal ageing on the heat capacity and transformation behaviour of behaviour of 9Cr-1Mo-0.1C (wt.%) ferritic / martensitic steel has been studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in the temperature range 473 to 1273 K. It is found that a-ferrite + carbide ® g-austenite phase transformation temperature is only mildly sensitive to microstructural details; but the enthalpy change associated with this phase transformation and especially, the change in specific heat around the transformation regime are found to be dependent on the starting microstructure generated by the

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8

Soares de Carvalho Mendes, Liduína. "Estudo do refinamento do grão da liga Ti6Al4V após tratamento térmico de envelhecimento, recozimento e têmpera." Revista InovaEducaTech 1, no. 1 (2025): 16. https://doi.org/10.63103/k73agx12.

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Heat treatment of titanium alloys, such as Ti-6Al-4V, is essential to adjust their mechanical and microstructural properties. Thus, heat treatments are essential to improve the properties of titanium alloys. This work aimed to investigate and characterize the effect of aging, annealing and tempering heat treatments on the grain refinement of Ti6Al4V alloy. Through aging, annealing and tempering heat treatment, the microstructure and hardness of 7 samples were analyzed. The analyzed samples were prepared for micrograph and microhardness analysis through metallographic technique after heat treat

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9

Agboola, Joseph, Emmanuel Anyoku, and Atinuke Oladoye. "Effects of Cooling Rate on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of 6xxx Aluminium Alloy." International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture 6, no. 1 (2021): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26776/ijemm.06.01.2021.04.

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The applicability of materials is highly dependent on its microstructure and mechanical properties. Aluminium alloy is being used extensively under diverse conditions. This study investigates the effects of cooling rate on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 6xxx-series aluminium alloy. Aluminium ingot was melted in a muffle furnace and cast into rods. The cooling rate was controlled by holding the moulds at different temperatures. Microstructural characteristics were examined by optical microscopy. Mechanical properties such as impact strength, hardness, and

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10

Zheng, Xiaomeng, Yongzhen Zhang, and Sanming Du. "Preliminary Research on Response of GCr15 Bearing Steel under Cyclic Compression." Materials 13, no. 16 (2020): 3443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13163443.

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During the bearing service, a series of microstructural evolutions will arise inside the material, such as the appearance of feature microstructures. The essential reason for the microstructural evolution is the cumulative effect of cyclic stress. The Hertz Contact formula is usually adopted to calculate the internal stress, and there is a correlation between the shape and distribution of the feature microstructure and the stress distribution. But it is insufficient to explain the relationship between the morphology of feature microstructures and the rolling direction, such as specific angles

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11

Kim, K., B. Forest, and J. Geringer. "Two-dimensional finite element simulation of fracture and fatigue behaviours of alumina microstructures for hip prosthesis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 225, no. 12 (2011): 1158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411911422843.

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This paper describes a two-dimensional (2D) finite element simulation for fracture and fatigue behaviours of pure alumina microstructures such as those found at hip prostheses. Finite element models are developed using actual Al2O3 microstructures and a bilinear cohesive zone law. Simulation conditions are similar to those found at a slip zone in a dry contact between a femoral head and an acetabular cup of hip prosthesis. Contact stresses are imposed to generate cracks in the models. Magnitudes of imposed stresses are higher than those found at the microscopic scale. Effects of microstructure

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12

Fan, Fang-Yu, Hsin-Hua Chou, Wei-Chun Lin, et al. "Optimized Micro-Pattern Design and Fabrication of a Light Guide Plate Using Micro-Injection Molding." Polymers 13, no. 23 (2021): 4244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13234244.

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This study examined the uniformity of illuminance field distributions of light guide plates (LGPs). First, the authors designed microstructural patterns on the surface of an LGP. Then, a mold of the LGP with the optimal microstructural design was fabricated by a photolithography method. Micro-injection molding (μIM) was used to manufacture the molded LGPs. μIM technology can simultaneously manufacture large-sized wedge-shaped LGPs and micro-scale microstructures. Finally, illuminance values of the field distributions of the LGPs with various microstructures were obtained through optical field

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13

Edwards, Paul, Mamidala Ramulu, and Daniel G. Sanders. "Superplastic Behavior and Microstructure of Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) Friction Stir Welds Made under a Variety of Processing Conditions." Key Engineering Materials 433 (March 2010): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.433.169.

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Friction Stir Welding of Ti-6Al-4V was performed on 5 mm thickness plate in order to assess the affect of welding conditions on the resulting microstructure and superplastic forming behavior of the joints. A variety of welding conditions were tested and all welds were subsequently Superplastically formed. It was found that the weld parameters do influence the microstructure and degree of superplastic performance of the joints. Spindle speed was found to have the most dominant affect on the resulting microstructure and superplastic forming behavior. Low spindle speed welds lead to fine grained

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14

Mora, L., C. Quesne, C. Haut, C. Servant та R. Penelle. "Relationships among thermomechanical treatments, microstructure, and tensile properties of a near beta-titanium alloy: β-CEZ: Part I. Relationships between thermomechanical treatments and microstructure". Journal of Materials Research 11, № 1 (1996): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0011.

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The high strength medium temperature and β metastable titanium alloy, β-CEZ, is designed for use in the compressor of a jet engine. The purpose of this research was to investigate how the thermomechanical treatments (forging or solutioning conditions and quenching) influence the microstructure. A series of various heat-treating steps were conducted in order to quantify the relationship between thermomechanical parameters and microstructural factors. The detailed characterization of microstructure was based on SEM observations of primary alpha platelets with the aid of an Image Analysis system.

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15

Barboza, Luis, Enrique López, Hugo Guajardo, and Armando Salinas. "Effect of Initial Microstructure on the Temperature Dependence of the Flow Stress and Deformation Microstructure under Uniaxial Compression of Ti-407." Metals 14, no. 5 (2024): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14050505.

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In this study, the influence of initial microstructure and deformation temperature on the flow stress behavior and microstructural evolution of TIMETAL®407 (Ti-407) alloy are investigated. For this purpose, compression cylinders were β-annealed at 940 °C and then cooled to room temperature using furnace cooling, static air, and water quenching to promote three initial microstructures with different α lath thicknesses. The annealed cylinders were compressed isothermally in the range of 750 °C to 910 °C at a constant crosshead speed of 0.05 mm/s up to an engineering strain of −0.8. The resulting

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16

Wilmers, Jana, Miranda Waldron, and Swantje Bargmann. "Hierarchical Microstructure of Tooth Enameloid in Two Lamniform Shark Species, Carcharias taurus and Isurus oxyrinchus." Nanomaterials 11, no. 4 (2021): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11040969.

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Shark tooth enameloid is a hard tissue made up of nanoscale fluorapatite crystallites arranged in a unique hierarchical pattern. This microstructural design results in a macroscopic material that is stiff, strong, and tough, despite consisting almost completely of brittle mineral. In this contribution, we characterize and compare the enameloid microstructure of two modern lamniform sharks, Isurus oxyrinchus (shortfin mako shark) and Carcharias taurus (spotted ragged-tooth shark), based on scanning electron microscopy images. The hierarchical microstructure of shark enameloid is discussed in co

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17

Watanabe, Yoshimi, P. D. Sequeira, Oleg Sitdikov, Hisashi Sato, Zuo Gui Zhang, and Ick Soo Kim. "Effect of Processing Route on Microstructure and Texture Development in ECAP of Al-Ti Alloy." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.251.

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Microstructure and texture evolution during equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) of Al-5 mass%Ti alloy are investigated for up to 8 passes via routes A and BC. Platelet-shaped Al3Ti particles in the Al-5mass%Ti alloy are cracked severely with repetitive ECAP passes, and the mean size of the Al3Ti particles is decreased with increasing the number of ECAP passes. Microstructural observation showed that an Al–Ti supersaturated solid solution is formed during the ECAP process. It is also found that the Al-Ti alloy after ECAP by route A and route Bc methods have very different microstructures. Nam

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18

Costin, Walter, Olivier Lavigne, Andrei G. Kotousov, et al. "Susceptibility of Acicular Ferrite and Upper Bainite Microstructures to Hydrogen Assisted Cold Cracking Propagation." Materials Science Forum 909 (November 2017): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.909.44.

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Acicular ferrite (AF) and upper bainite (UB) are microstructural constituents commonly found in ferritic weld metals. Both microstructures are formed within a similar temperature range and by the same type of transformation mechanisms. They have however, substantially different morphologies and microstructural features that govern both their mechanical properties and hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility. This work shows that despite substantial microstructural differences, the mechanical properties of both microstructural constituents were quite similar. However, the microstructural differenc

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19

Wang, Yao Mian, Jia Peng Cheng, Huan Ping Yang, Cong Hui Zhang, and Bi Xia Wang. "Influence of Microstructure on Shot Peening Effects of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy." Materials Science Forum 921 (May 2018): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.921.177.

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Ti-6Al-4V alloys with equiaxed, martensitic and lamellar microstructures, respectively, were shot peened. Microstructure observation, phase analysis and surface residual stress measurement were conducted to investigate the microstructure influence on shot peening effects. The experimental results indicate that after shot peening microstructure of surface layer became fine and homogeneous for the as-received alloy which showed equiaxial microstructure. Cracks were found in the surface layer for the sample with acicular martensitic microstructure. And the sample with coarse lamellar structure tr

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20

Du, Hao, Huang Chen, Byung Kyu Moon, and Jae Heyg Shin. "Influence of Spraying Power and Distance on Porosity and Microhardness of Plasma Sprayed TiO₂ Coatings." Materials Science Forum 486-487 (June 2005): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.486-487.89.

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The influence of the two deposition parameters on microstructure, and microhardness of plasma sprayed TiO2 coatings were investigated. It was found that a higher spraying power and a shorter distance resulted in a lower porosity and a higher microhardness for the coatings. The anisotropy on the microstructure and microhardness of TiO2 coatings was also found. The denser microstructure is attributed to the higher degree of melting and higher velocity of the TiO2 powders during spraying. The improvement of microhardness is associated with the lower porosity. The difference of porosity and microh

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21

Hou, Fei Fei, Atsushi Ito, Yu Bai, Akinobu Shibata, and Nobuhiro Tsuji. "Microstructure Evolution and Change in Mechanical Properties of Medium Mn Steels during Thermomechanical Processing." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.346.

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Medium manganese steels are nowadays energetically investigated as the third generation advanced high strength steels (AHSS) because of their excellent balance between material cost and mechanical properties. However, the phase transformation and microstructure evolution in medium manganese steels during various heat treatments and thermomechanical processing are still unclear. The present study firstly examined kinetics of static phase transformation behavior and microstructural change in a 3Mn-0.1C medium manganese steel. Hot compression tests were also carried out to investigate the influen

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22

Stückler, Martin, Heinz Krenn, Reinhard Pippan, Lukas Weissitsch, Stefan Wurster, and Andrea Bachmaier. "Magnetic Binary Supersaturated Solid Solutions Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation." Nanomaterials 9, no. 1 (2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9010006.

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Samples consisting of one ferromagnetic and one diamagnetic component which are immiscible at the thermodynamic equilibrium (Co-Cu, Fe-Cu, Fe-Ag) are processed by high-pressure torsion at various compositions. The received microstructures are investigated by electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction, showing a microstructural saturation. Results gained from microstructural investigations are correlated to magnetometry data. The Co-Cu samples show mainly ferromagnetic behavior and a decrease in coercivity with increasing Co-content. The saturation microstructure of Fe-Cu samples is

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23

Wu, Tianchi, Peter Cleall, and Snehasis Tripathy. "Indirect and Direct Consideration of Microstructure in a Constitutive Model." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1480, no. 1 (2025): 012099. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1480/1/012099.

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Abstract It is important to describe and quantify microstructure when modelling microstructure-related behaviour of soils. There are indirect and direct methods to consider microstructure in modelling. Indirect methods only consider the impact of microstructure on soil behaviour. Whilst direct methods focus on geometric and structural features of microstructure such as pore size distribution (PSD). This paper presents two examples of indirect and direct consideration of microstructure in a constitutive model. The indirect method considers the microstructural impact through effective degree of

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Gedsun, Angelika, Frank Stein, and Martin Palm. "Development of new Fe–Al–Nb(–B) alloys for structural applications at high temperatures." MRS Advances 6, no. 6 (2021): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s43580-021-00045-w.

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Abstract It is known for Fe–Al–Ta alloys, that a homogeneous distribution of strengthening Laves phase precipitates in the matrix and aligned at the grain boundaries can be obtained when the formation of the stable Laves phase is preceded by the formation of the metastable Heusler phase. Several Fe–Al–Nb alloys with different Al and Nb contents and with or without boron doping are studied to elucidate whether comparable microstructures can be obtained in this system. It was found that the Heusler phase only occurs within a limited composition range. The time-dependent evolution of the microstr

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25

Li, Zhou, Guo Qing Zhang, Shi Fan Tian, and Ming Gao Yan. "Microstructures of Spray Formed Superalloy GH742." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 2845–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.2845.

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Microstructures and hot deformation behaviors of spray formed superalloy GH742 have been studied in this paper. The results indicate that the spray formed superalloy GH742 has high relative density, low oxygen pickup, refined microstructure, and good forgeability. The fully inhibited coarsening of microstructure in spray formed superalloy GH742 has also been found in this study. 32wt% γ¢ and 0.5wt% carbonitrides, (Nb,Ti)(C,N) and Ti(C,N) were found in the as-deposited GH742, and most of them are sub-micrometer.

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Torrent, Christof J. J., Seyed Vahid Sajadifar, Gregory Gerstein, Julia Richter, and Thomas Niendorf. "Influence of Various Processing Routes in Additive Manufacturing on Microstructure and Monotonic Properties of Pure Iron—A Review-like Study." Metals 14, no. 5 (2024): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14050557.

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Additive manufacturing processes have attracted broad attention in the last decades since the related freedom of design allows the manufacturing of parts with unique microstructures and unprecedented complexity in shape. Focusing on the properties of additively manufactured parts, major efforts are made to elaborate process-microstructure relationships. For instance, the inevitable thermal cycling within the process plays a significant role in microstructural evolution. Various driving forces contribute to the final grain size, boundary character, residual stress state, etc. In the present stu

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27

Acar, Pınar. "Uncertainty Quantification for Ti-7Al Alloy Microstructure with an Inverse Analytical Model (AUQLin)." Materials 12, no. 11 (2019): 1773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12111773.

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The present study addresses an inverse problem for observing the microstructural stochasticity given the variations in the macro-scale material properties by developing an analytical uncertainty quantification (UQ) model called AUQLin. The uncertainty in the material property is modeled with the analytical algorithm, and then the uncertainty propagation to the microstructure is solved with an inverse problem that utilizes the transformation of random variables principle. The inverse problem leads to an underdetermined linear system, and thus produces multiple solutions to the statistical featu

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28

Bao, Xuechun, Li Cheng, Junliang Ding, Xuan Chen, Kaiju Lu, and Wenbin Cui. "The Effect of Microstructure and Axial Tension on Three-Point Bending Fatigue Behavior of TC4 in High Cycle and Very High Cycle Regimes." Materials 13, no. 1 (2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13010068.

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The effects of microstructure and axial tension on the fatigue behavior of TC4 titanium alloy in high cycle (HCF) and very high cycle (VHCF) regimes are discussed in this paper. Ultrasonic three-point bending fatigue tests at 20 kHz were done on a fatigue life range among 105–109 cycles of the alloys with equiaxed, bimodal and Widmanstatten microstructures. Experimental results without axial tension show that three typical shapes of S-N curves clearly present themselves for the three different microstructures. Moreover, the crack initiation sites abruptly shifted from surface to subsurface of

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29

Sun, Shou Jin, Milan Brandt, and John P. T. Mo. "Effect of Microstructure on Cutting Force and Chip Formation during Machining of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 2437–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.2437.

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Dry machining was conducted on Ti-6Al-4V alloy with three different types of microstructure: globular, bi-modal and fully lamellar microstructures. The effects of cutting speed on the cutting force and chip formation were investigated. The differences in cutting force and chip morphology are found only at cutting speed lower than 100m/min. The main cutting force and chip thickness when machining Ti-6Al-4V alloy with globular microstructure are lower than these when cutting Ti-6Al-4V alloy with bi-modal and fully lamellar microstructures at cutting speed lower than 100m/min. The tendency of seg

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Grimberg, I., L. Levin, O. Botstein, and F. H. Froes. "Microstructural features of the hydrogenation-dehydrogenation process in Ti alloys." Journal of Materials Research 6, no. 10 (1991): 2069–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.2069.

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Temporary alloying of Ti alloys with hydrogen is used to modify microstructure and hence enhance mechanical properties. In the present work the influence of the thermal history of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy on the final microstructure was studied. Two different kinds of microstructures were investigated: (a) as-hot isostatic pressed (HIP) having an α + β microstructure; (b) β-solution-treated and subsequently quenched (α'-microstructure). After each stage of the hydrogenation-dehydrogenation (HDH) process the material was analyzed by optical, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy, an

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31

Toribio, Jesús, Francisco-Javier Ayaso, and Rocío Rodríguez. "Intercolonial Microdamage and Cracking Micromechanisms during Wire Drawing of Pearlitic Steel." Materials 16, no. 5 (2023): 1822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051822.

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This paper studies the drawing-induced intercolonial microdamage (ICMD) in pearlitic microstructures. The analysis was performed from the direct observation of the microstructure of the progressively cold-drawn pearlitic steel wires associated with the distinct steps (cold-drawing passes) of a real cold-drawing manufacturing scheme, constituted by seven cold-drawing passes. Three types of ICMD were found in the pearlitic steel microstructures, all affecting two or more pearlite colonies, namely: (i) intercolonial tearing; (ii) multi-colonial tearing; and (iii) micro-decolonization. The ICMD ev

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Matsumoto, Hiroaki, Sang Hak Lee, Yoshiki Ono, and Akihiko Chiba. "New Type of Ultra-Fine Grained Microstructure in Ti-6Al-4V Alloy for Enhancing Superplasticity." Materials Science Forum 735 (December 2012): 322–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.735.322.

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This work presents a formation of ultrafine-grained microstructure (d ~ 0.2 μm) with high fraction of high-angle boundary in industrial Ti–6Al–4V alloy produced by the hot compression of a sample with the acicular α′martensite starting microstructure . It is found that heterogeneous nucleation becomes dominant in the case of the α’ starting microstructure.α

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33

Voothaluru, Rohit, Vikram Bedekar, Dunji Yu, et al. "Investigating the Difference in Mechanical Stability of Retained Austenite in Bainitic and Martensitic High-Carbon Bearing Steels using in situ Neutron Diffraction and Crystal Plasticity Modeling." Metals 9, no. 5 (2019): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9050482.

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In situ neutron diffraction of the uniaxial tension test was used to study the effect of the surrounding matrix microstructure on the mechanical stability of retained austenite in high-carbon bearing steels. Comparing the samples with bainitic microstructures to those with martensitic ones, it was found that the retained austenite in a bainitic matrix starts transforming into martensite at a lower strain compared to that within a martensitic matrix. On the other hand, the rate of transformation of the austenite was found to be higher within a martensitic microstructure. Crystal plasticity mode

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Ao, Mingrui, Miaocao Wang, and Fulong Zhu. "Investigation of the Turbulent Drag Reduction Mechanism of a Kind of Microstructure on Riblet Surface." Micromachines 12, no. 1 (2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12010059.

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With the k-ε renormalization group turbulence model, the drag reduction mechanism of three- dimensional spherical crown microstructure of different protruding heights distributing on the groove surface was studied in this paper. These spherical crown microstructures were divided into two categories according to the positive and negative of protruding height. The positive spherical crown micro-structures can destroy a large number of vortexes on the groove surface, which increases relative friction between water flow and the groove surface. With decreasing the vertical height of the spherical c

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Fang, Ranran, Junchang Li, Jiangen Zheng, et al. "Spatiotemporal dynamics of water film confinement during spreading and evaporation in highly hierarchical wicking nano/microstructure on Si surface at 120 °C." AIP Advances 13, no. 3 (2023): 035209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0138916.

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Enhancing the wicking/evaporative functionality of materials by surface nano/microstructuring is a key approach in creating advanced technologies based on the liquid–vapor phase change, particularly in the field of power generation for substantial fuel savings and reducing global greenhouse gas pollution. Despite the technological importance, the capillary flow of a liquid undergoing intensive evaporation on a hot nano/microstructured surface is not well understood. During the capillary flow on a nano/microstructured surface, water confinement undergoes a dramatical spatiotemporal change. The

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Borsato, Thomas, Paolo Ferro, Filippo Berto, and Carlo Carollo. "Effect of Solidification Time on Microstructural, Mechanical and Fatigue Properties of Solution Strengthened Ferritic Ductile Iron." Metals 9, no. 1 (2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9010024.

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Microstructural, mechanical, and fatigue properties of solution strengthened ferritic ductile iron have been evaluated as functions of different solidification times. Three types of cast samples with increasing thickness have been produced in a green sand automatic molding line. Microstructural analyses have been performed in order to evaluate the graphite nodules parameter and matrix structure. Tensile and fatigue tests have been carried out using specimens taken from specific zones, with increasing solidification time, inside each cast sample. Finally, the fatigue fracture surfaces have been

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Kapranos, Plato. "Microstructural Development of Aluminum A201 Alloy Semi-Solid Processing Feedstock Produced by Different Routes." Solid State Phenomena 285 (January 2019): 302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.285.302.

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Thixoforming or Semi-Solid Metal (SSM) forming is a manufacturing route that relies on a non-dendritic microstructure, a structure that is retained after processing resulting in components of fine and uniform microstructures with enhanced mechanical properties as compared to conventional cast products. In this project, an investigation is conducted on the microstructural development of Aluminium A201 alloy in the semi-solid range, through a combination of variable time and temperature conditions. Using equilibrium and non-equilibrium (Scheil) curves, the solidus and the liquidus temperatures a

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Xu, Wan Qiang, and Michael Ferry. "Recrystallization Behaviour of Cold Rolled Low Carbon Steel Strip with Various Starting Microstructures." Materials Science Forum 558-559 (October 2007): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.558-559.419.

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The effect of initial microstructure (acicular ferrite (AF), polygonal ferrite (PF) and strip cast (SC)) on the recrystallization behaviour of low carbon (LC) steel was investigated. Steel strip samples (0.05 wt.% C) of 2 mm in thickness were heat treated to produce an AF and PF microstructure from coarse austenite. The AF, PF and a similar chemistry SC sample manufactured from a twin roll caster were cold rolled to 50, 70 and 90% reduction, and annealed for various times in the temperature range 580-680 °C. The evolution of microstructure during recrystallization was studied by optical micros

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Jeenager, V. K., Vivek Pancholi, and B. S. Sunder Daniel. "The Effect of Aging on Energy Absorption Capability of Closed Cell Aluminum Foam." Advanced Materials Research 585 (November 2012): 327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.585.327.

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The role of cell wall microstructure in inﬂuencing the mechanical behaviour of closed cell aluminium foam was investigated. The morphologies of the cell wall were characterized by using optical microscopy. An attempt has been made to describe the relationship between the microstructure of cell wall and mechanical properties primarily pertaining to the compressive response. The closed-cell foams in as-foamed and aged condition, having rather similar relative densities and cell structures but significantly different cell-wall microstructure have been examined. It was found that in as foam condit

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Feng, Lu Lu, Wei Wen Qiao, Zeng Qiang Song, Zhi Mei Cao, Yan Jun Yang, and Song Liu. "Study on Production Process, Microstructure, Properties of 15MnNbR Pressure Vessel Steel." Key Engineering Materials 905 (January 4, 2022): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.905.78.

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The production process, microstructure, and mechanical properties of 15MnNbR pressure vessel steel were studied by optical microscopy, universal tensile testing, and low-temperature impact toughness testing. It was found that the microstructure obtained after controlled rolling and cooling (known as thermo-mechanical control processing) consisted of ferrite and pearlite with non-uniform grain size. The banded microstructure was prominent, the strength was high, and the toughness was poor. After normalizing, the grain size was refined, both the microstructural uniformity and the banded microstr

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Liang, Xiao Jun, Ming Jian Hua, C. Isaac Garcia, and Anthony J. DeArdo. "The Thermomechanical Controlled Processing of High-Strength Steel Plate: A New View of Toughness Based on Modern Metallography." Materials Science Forum 762 (July 2013): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.762.38.

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Modern thermomechanical controlled processing (TMCP) of advanced steels is now an important processing route in the production of engineering structures and products that are of value to society. The principles of TMCP are now practiced in the hot mill, cold mill and press forming shops around the world. Successful TMCP means that the proper metallurgical microstructure has been obtained in the required areas of the steel. The ideal microstructure is often defined by the correct phase balance and dimensions either of the parent austenite or final ferritic phase. Technological and economic dema

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Torkamani, Hadi, Javier Vivas Méndez, Clement Lecart, Egoitz Aldanondo Begiristain, Pedro Alvarez Moro, and Marta-Lena Antti. "Effect of Rotation Speed and Steel Microstructure on Joint Formation in Friction Stir Spot Welding of Al Alloy to DP Steel." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 6, no. 1 (2022): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6010024.

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In this work, friction stir spot welding of 5754 aluminum alloy to dual phase steel was investigated using two different ratios of martensite and ferrite (0.38 and 0.61) for steel sheet initial microstructure and varying tool rotation speed (800, 1200 and 2000 rpm). The effect of these parameters on the joint formation was evaluated by studying the plunging force response during the process and the main characteristics of the joint at (i) macrolevel, i.e., hook morphology and bond width, and (ii) microlevel, i.e., steel hook and sheet microstructure and intermetallic compounds. The plunging fo

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Chen, Y. L. "Microstructure of high-energy product Fe-Nd-B magnequench ribbons." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 826–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100145479.

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Melt-spun Fe-Nd-B MAGNEQUENCH® ribbons have been produced by Croat et al. with energy products in excess of 10 MG.Oe using a relatively narrow window of composition and quenching speed. The hard magnetic phase has subsequently been identified as the Nd2Fe14B compound which has a very high anisotropy field. The microstructure of the MAGNEQUENCH® ribbon which has a maximum energy product of 14.1 MG•0e was found to consist of equiaxed Nd2Fe14B grains surrounded by a very thin intergranular film. This paper presents the results of some of our earlv work on the microstructural characterization of h

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AMARA, Khawla, Mabrouk BOUABDALLAH, Riad BADJI, and Mouloud AISSANI. "Friction Stir Welding of AZ31 Mg Alloy: Microstructure, Micro hardness and Electrochemical Behavior." ENP Engineering Science Journal 4, no. 1 (2024): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.53907/enpesj.v4i1.198.

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In this investigation, rolled plates of AZ31 Mg alloy were successfully friction-stir welded. It was found that the process leads to the microstructural refinement in the NZ due to the dynamic recrystallization with a global microstructural heterogeneity through the weld. The maximum microhardness values were attributed to the finest microstructure. The obtained results revealed that the cathodic behavior of the grain boundaries improves the corrosion resistance of the NZ. Thus, the corrosion resistance enhancement was ascribed to the most homogeneous microstructure and the finest grains.

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Rathmayr, Georg B., and Reinhard Pippan. "Effect of Impurities on the Microstructure of HPT Deformed Nickel." Materials Science Forum 667-669 (December 2010): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.667-669.797.

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Basic research considering the minimum achievable grain size of severe plastic deformation (SPD) materials is often performed with high purity metals. However, a literature study reveals large discrepancies in the microstructural size of high purity nickel processed by SPD. The focus of this work is the influence of small impurity concentrations on the resulting saturation microstructure. The microstructure of SPD nickel was systematically investigated using different purities ranging from 99.79 wt% up to 99.99 wt%. The materials were deformed by high pressure torsion (HPT) at different temper

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Svensson, Lars Erik. "Microstructure and Properties of High Strength Weld Metals." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 3937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.3937.

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The recent investigations about high strength manganese – nickel alloyed weld metals are reviewed. The mechanical properties from different alloying concepts and the associated microstructures are compared. Interesting similarities regarding the tensile and impact strength is noted, while large variations in microstructure is found.

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Kožuh, Stjepan, Mirko Gojić, Ivana Ivanić, Aleš Nagode, and Kristijan Jerković. "Welding of pipes from low-carbon steel by TIG procedure." Zavarivanje i zavarene konstrukcije 68, no. 4 (2023): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zzk2303133k.

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In this work the results of welding the pipes from low-carbon steel St 35.8 (Č.1214, DIN17175, W.Nr. 1.0305, EN-P235GH) by TIG procedure were shown. After welding, the microstructure analysis by means of optical microscope was performed. Microstructural analysis out on the base material, heat affected zone and melting zone was carried. It was found that the base material has ferrite-pearlite microstructure with hardness 148 HV10, while in the heat affected zone is present ferrite-pearlite microstructure with Widmanstatten ferrite in some places with hardness 176 HV10. A cast microstructure con

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48

Xu, Wan Qiang, and Michael Ferry. "Influence of Starting Microstructure on Texture Development in Cold Rolled and Annealed Low Carbon Steel Strip." Materials Science Forum 495-497 (September 2005): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.495-497.519.

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The effect of initial microstructure on the recrystallization behaviour and texture development of low carbon (LC) steel was investigated. Steel strip samples (0.05 wt.% C) of 2 mm in thickness were heat treated to produce a microstructure consisting predominantly of either polygonal ferrite or acicular ferrite. Samples were cold rolled 50, 70 and 90% reduction then annealed for various times in the temperature range 580-640 oC. The microstructures and textures produced by deformation and annealing were studied by optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction in the SEM. The initial

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Detwal, Sudhanshu, and Deivanathan R. "Properties investigation of austempered ductile iron." Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 22, no. 1 (2016): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30544/137.

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This work concerns microstructural and mechanical properties of an austempered ductile cast iron (ADI). The ductile iron material was produced by the sand mould casting technique. Afterwards, austempering heat treatment was applied to the specimens at two different temperatures of 250°C and 350°C. Austempered Ductile Irons (ADIs) were produced successfully by different two-stage heat treatments, to obtain favorable microstructure and hardness. The microstructure and hardness obtained by such variable heat treatments were compared. The austempering temperature and time were found to be decisive

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Chen, Yu Shi, Ti Jun Chen, Wei Fu, and Pu Bo Li. "Microstructural Evolution during Partial Remelting of 6061 Aluminum Bulk Alloy Prepared by Cold-Pressing of Alloy Powder." Advanced Materials Research 820 (September 2013): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.820.20.

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The microstructural evolution was investigated during partial remelting of 6061 aluminum bulk alloy prepared by cold-pressing of atomized alloy powders. Meanwhile, the effect of heating temperature on semisolid microstructure was also studied. It was found that after partial remelted, a semisolid microstructure with small and nearly spherical particles can be obtained. The microstructural evolution can be divided into three stages: the rapid coarsening of grains and powders, the structure separation and spheroidization of powders, and the final coarsening behavior of primary particles. For mos

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