Academic literature on the topic 'Italian civil code'
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Journal articles on the topic "Italian civil code"
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Golecki, Mariusz Jerzy. "The limits of the consensual principle and the structure of a contract of obligation in Italian civil law." Nieruchomości@ Specjalne, no. V (December 15, 2021): 295–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5837.
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The Italian legal system belongs to the so-called Roman family law. However the distinction between a contract and an agreement, famously applied in French civil law, has not been adopted by Italian legal system. The peculiar features of the concept of contract adopted under Italian law pertain to the fact that, without borrowing from the French Civil Code, nor from the German Civil Code, the Italian definition of contract expressed in art. 1321 of the Italian Civil Code has plain and concise textual meaning, specifying both the nature and legal consequences of contract making. The Italian Civil Code generally identifies a contract with an agreement of the parties concluded for the so called legal cause of the contract understood as the economic and social function of the contract. The regulation concerning concluding and enforcing contracts in accordance with art. 1324 of the Italian Civil Code have been extended to other legal actc, in particular unilateral ones, provided that they are inter vivos and the terms of contract pertain to obligatory or proprietary relations. The paper focuses on the limits of the principle of contractual consent in Italian law. The principle generally refers to the agreement as the general underlying legal condition for validity of any contract. The principle has a significant impact on the legal effects of a potential ex post collapse of the contract due to its’ invalidity in case of the transfer of ownership concerning both personal property rights and immovable property rights.
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Pupe, Ervin, Enkelejda Koka, Carlo Venditti, Raffaele Picaro, Rea Ajazi, and Denard Veshi. "Similarities and Differences Between the Albanian and Italian Succession Law." International and Comparative Law Review 21, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 212–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/iclr-2021-0019.
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Summary In 1994, Albania codified the current civil code, harmonizing the national legislation with the democratic values of the Western European Countries. This paper fills the gap in the national and international scientific literature since there is no scientific contribution that examines the Albanian law of succession showing the similarities and differences between the Albanian and the Italian civil codes. This is fundamental because according to Article 33 Albanian Private International Law (Albanian Law no. 10 428 of June 2011), which governs cross-border succession law, in the case of immovable goods, the rule of lex rei sitae has been codified. Thus, in the case of immovable goods, the Albanian succession law will be applied to them. In the conclusion, this research demonstrates that the Albanian Law of Succession of 1994 is different in many ways from the rules established in the Italian Civil Code of 1942.
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Bussani, Mauro. "Le droit civil des sûretés réelles. Le modèle Italien des sûretés." European Review of Private Law 6, Issue 1 (March 1, 1998): 23–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/199040.
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This essay examines the Italian law of real security. The Introduction, §§ 1-2.1, focuses on the general features of the peninsular model, i.e.: legislative continuity with the past, passiveness of judges and (most) scholars to the letter of the code and statute provisions. Then the author highlights the main issues that are now raised by the needs of an increasingly large community of lenders and borrowers. The article therefore takes into consideration, first, the challenges to the 'traditional', or code-centered, institutions providing security. In this context particular attention is paid to the demand for non-possessory securities over movables, §§ 3-3.3; the functioning of a conventional floating lien, § 4; and the still limited (and inefficient) autonomy vested in the mortgagee by the code provisions, mainly as far as the transfer of the title is concerned, §§ 5-5.2. Moving to the real security devices which are not regulated by the code and/or other statutory provisions, the essay examines how far ownership by the lessor, in a financial lease agreement, can currently be relied on as a form of security, § 6; and the efforts of Italian judges and scholars to ban any transfer of ownership when this is to be construed as a security device, § 7 - an approach that the author also examines from the context of the problems arising from the Italian ratification of The Hague Convention on Trusts, § 7.1. The final paragraph is devoted to the analysis of the exploitation of 'new properties' as possible objects of real security.
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Tomasevicius, E. "SĄŽININGUMAS BRAZILIJOS CIVILINIAME KODEKSE: PO DEŠIMTIES METŲ." Teisė 88 (January 1, 2013): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/teise.2013.0.1604.
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The general clause of good faith was one of the innovations of the Brazilian Civil Code, enacted in 2002. It came into force in January 2003, in order to widespread ethics in private affairs. Indeed, good faith was applied in specific cases, such as the “theory of appearance” or the requirement of utmost good faith in insurance contracts. But in the Civil Code of 2002, heavily influenced by German, Italian and Portuguese codes, good faith is applied to provide operability, ethicity and sociality in private relations as well as in the enforcement of private law by courts. In this sense, good faith has been used to impose duties of consistency, information and cooperation between the parties of a transaction. The aim of this paper was to introduce an overview of good faith, its consecration in the Brazilian Civil Code and then to analyze its application in Brazilian Courts in the last ten years.
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Vicente, Lécia. "Un-consented Transfers of Shares: A Comparative Perspective." European Company Law 9, Issue 6 (January 21, 2012): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eucl2012050.
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Both Portuguese Commercial Companies Code and the Italian Civil Code provide default rules for the transfer of shares in the Portuguese sociedade por quotas and the Italian società a responsabilità limitata, respectively. The Portuguese rule Article 228(2) establishes as a restriction on transfers the requirement of consent of the company to those transfers, whilst the Italian rule Article 2469 makes shares freely transferable. An analysis of articles of association of both Italian and Portuguese companies suggests that shareholders often introduce restrictions on transfers of shares. However, a sample of disputes over un-consented transfers in Portuguese and Italian courts shows that shareholders frequently do not abide by these rules they themselves have created and that they frequently ignore the default rules they have not opted out from.
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Garbarino, P., and D. O. Tuzov. "A Truly ‘Roman’ Civil Code (Foreword to the Translation and Commentary on Title I Book IV of the Italian Civil Code)." Herald of Economic Justice 16, no. 1 (2021): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37239/2500-2643-2021-16-1-114-128.
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Velicu, Dan. "A Brief Assessment of the Main Commercial Contracts under the New Romanian Civil Code." International and Comparative Law Review 20, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 274–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/iclr-2020-0029.
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Summary From 2011 Romania has a new Civil Code. Although the government’s initiative was to unify the private law according to the model of the Italian Civil Code of 1942 by repealing the Commercial Code of 1887, the new Civil Code only succeeded in putting together civil rules and commercial rules, the latter being relocated from the former Commercial Code. Obviously, an exhaustive analysis of the new Civil Code is impossible in the frame of a short article. That’s why the author of this study tries to evaluate the new Civil Code regulation by focusing on the main commercial contracts. Some general civil rules that are traditionally applied for centuries in most of the European continental legal systems (e.g. ownership concept, warranty for defects, the buyer’s duty to pay the price etc) will be premeditatedly neglected or just shortly approached. The commercial contracts are very important in the field of the international commercial relations – even between the borders of the European Union –, when in many cases the parties agree that the national law will govern the contract. The goal of the study is to offer a brief commentary on the new institutions together with a comparative presentation of the general regulation of the main commercial agreements.
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Buzzichelli, Francesca, and Roberto Di Pietra. "Risk profile disclosure requirements for Italian insurance companies: Differences in the financial statement preparation." FINANCIAL REPORTING, no. 1 (July 2013): 43–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/fr2013-001004.
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The content of the annual report of insurance undertakings is regulated by art. 2428 of Italian Civil Code, as well as by the Insurance Code and specific Italian Insurance Supervisor's regulations. The paper compare the existing legislations, providing an overview of the different requirements, with particular attention to the risk profile disclosure. Moreover, the paper analyzes a significant sample of Italian insurance groups annual reports (from 2007 to 2009 financial year), using content analysis, in order to highlight the level of compliance with the existing rules and the level of preparedness for the upcoming Directive 2009/138/EC requirements (Solvency II Directive), which will come into force starting from 2012 financial year.
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Gjeta, Arber, and Juliana Bylykbashi. "The Transport Contract in Albanian Civil Code: A Systemic Analysis." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 10, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/mjss-2020-0009.
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The transport legislation in Albania has a character of specialty. Through this paper we aim to offer an analysis of the Albanian legal provisions on transport contract according to the Civil Code. This study will deal with the contract of transport of goods. The analysis of the contract will be in a historical, empiric and doctrinal point of view on the regulation offered by the Civil Code and the similarities to the Italian Civil Code. The actual regulation of the contract of transport in Albania is relatively new and there are only a few claims brought into courts that make very difficult a deep analysis of the implementation the legislation. The lack of causes brought into courts mainly has to be recognized to the arbitration clauses in favor of foreign arbitrators as for the transport of goods by sea or the solution on transaction basis as well as, regarding Civil Code provisions, the camouflage of the contract of transport with other types of contracts.
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Villante, Vincenzo. "Italian Criminal Law and Customs Law Violations: A Brief Overview." Global Trade and Customs Journal 8, Issue 6 (June 1, 2013): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2013023.
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Since 1992, by the entry into force of the Community Customs Code (hereinafter 'CCC'), a single customs code has been applicable throughout each of the Member States of the European Union (EU). It is well known that such customs code does cover most of customs issues but not all. In particular, it does not cover the penalty system, which relates to customs regimes. This is true both concerning administrative law/civil penalties as well as criminal law ones. The EU Member States sovereignty to implement the penalty system which they consider most effective of course has brought a quite diverse approach from Member State to Member State. In case of severe customs law violations, many EU Member States do provide for criminal prosecution along with administrative law or civil law fines and penalties. This article briefly describes the main features of the Italian criminal law system related to customs matters. It explains that the Public Prosecutor and the Customs Agency often do not coordinate, and there is uncertainty and unpredictability across the whole system. Therefore, companies face difficulties planning a proper and sound compliance mechanism.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Italian civil code"
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Casadei, Federica. "I gruppi di società nel codice civile." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/200797.
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Il potere di direzione e coordinamento quale elemento qualificante il fenomeno dei gruppi di società. Profili organizzativi di gruppo nel codice civile. La responsabilità da attività di direzione e coordinamento. Il gruppo cooperativo paritetico.
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Segalini, Sara <1997>. "Elio Vittorini: la scrittura come impegno culturale e civile." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/20540.
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La tesi affronta le opere di Elio Vittorini prodotte durante il Ventennio fascista, partendo dalla pubblicazione del Garofano rosso fino al primo romanzo della Resistenza: Uomini e no. In un viaggio tra ricerca letteraria e impegno civile, tra la tradizione italiana/europea e quella americana, si analizza l'eredità culturale che Vittorini ha lasciato, soffermandosi in particolare sulla sintesi tra mondo personale dell'artista e sfera pubblica.
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NOCETO, FILIPPO. "Impostazione della causa nell’esperienza codificatoria spagnola e italiana fra XIX e XX secolo – Premesse storico-ricostruttive." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1082400.
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Il presente lavoro intende realizzare una ricostruzione critica dell’evoluzione storico-normativa concernente la disciplina dell’introduzione e trattazione della controversia negli ordinamenti italiano e spagnolo fra XIX e XX secolo. In questa prospettiva si dedica particolare attenzione alla genesi dei rispettivi modelli di codificazione ‘moderna’ e al successivo dibattito sulle riforme e tentativi di riforma precedenti l’emanazione dei codici attualmente in vigore. Il tutto nell’ottica di evidenziare significative affinità fra esperienze evolutive tradizionalmente considerate a sé stanti.Abstract This work intends to provide a critical reconstruction of historical development concerning the legal framework of civil pre-trial procedure in Italian and Spanish legal systems between the 19th and 20th century. In this perspective special attention is focused on respective models of ‘modern’ codification as well as on subsequent reforms until the enactment of current civil procedure codes. All with a view to highlighting relevant similarities between historical evolutions traditionally considered in their own right.
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Tomaščínová, Jana. "Nominální kolokace v italském občanském zákoníku." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-333747.
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The thesis deals with different aspects of nominal collocations in Italian legislation, respectively in the Italian Civil Code (codice civile). The introductory part focuses on theory and is divided into two areas. The first area covers the most important legal and linguistic issues of the language of law and its lexical means. The description of individual legal texts according to their functional styles is drawn from an analysis of individual functions of law as a complex social phenomenon. The practical part of the thesis focuses on three groups of issues. First, all excerpts were subject to the grammatical, syntactic and conceptual analyses. The second and third chapters deal with an analysis of the main issues from the perspective of translation and lexicography respectively. Special attention is paid to the existence or absence of an identical concept in both the Italian and Czech legal systems, differences in the content and scope of related concepts and potential equivalents.
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Tyler, John. "A Pragmatic Standard of Legal Validity." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10885.
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American jurisprudence currently applies two incompatible validity standards to determine which laws are enforceable. The natural law tradition evaluates validity by an uncertain standard of divine law, and its methodology relies on contradictory views of human reason. Legal positivism, on the other hand, relies on a methodology that commits the analytic fallacy, separates law from its application, and produces an incomplete model of law.
These incompatible standards have created a schism in American jurisprudence that impairs the delivery of justice. This dissertation therefore formulates a new standard for legal validity. This new standard rejects the uncertainties and inconsistencies inherent in natural law theory. It also rejects the narrow linguistic methodology of legal positivism.
In their stead, this dissertation adopts a pragmatic methodology that develops a standard for legal validity based on actual legal experience. This approach focuses on the operations of law and its effects upon ongoing human activities, and it evaluates legal principles by applying the experimental method to the social consequences they produce. Because legal history provides a long record of past experimentation with legal principles, legal history is an essential feature of this method.
This new validity standard contains three principles. The principle of reason requires legal systems to respect every subject as a rational creature with a free will. The principle of reason also requires procedural due process to protect against the punishment of the innocent and the tyranny of the majority. Legal systems that respect their subjects' status as rational creatures with free wills permit their subjects to orient their own behavior. The principle of reason therefore requires substantive due process to ensure that laws provide dependable guideposts to individuals in orienting their behavior.
The principle of consent recognizes that the legitimacy of law derives from the consent of those subject to its power. Common law custom, the doctrine of stare decisis, and legislation sanctioned by the subjects' legitimate representatives all evidence consent.
The principle of autonomy establishes the authority of law. Laws must wield supremacy over political rulers, and political rulers must be subject to the same laws as other citizens. Political rulers may not arbitrarily alter the law to accord to their will.
Legal history demonstrates that, in the absence of a validity standard based on these principles, legal systems will not treat their subjects as ends in themselves. They will inevitably treat their subjects as mere means to other ends. Once laws do this, men have no rest from evil.
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FORESI, Elisa. "A Multisectoral Analysis for economic policy: an application for healthcare systems and for labour market composition by skills." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11393/251178.
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L’Agenda Digitale Europea stabilisce il ruolo chiave delle tecnologie dell’informazione e della comunicazione (TIC) grazie a un mercato digitale unico basato su internet veloce e superveloce e su applicazioni interoperabili, al fine di ottenere vantaggi socioeconomici sostenibili COM(2010)245. Le TIC producono un'innovazione di prodotto e cambiamenti strutturali all'interno di tutto il sistema economico e possiamo affermare che dal punto di vista multisettoriale hanno un ruolo moltiplicativo sulla crescita economica, poiché l’aumento della domanda di TIC stimola a sua volta tutte le altre produzioni. Inoltre come riscontrato in letteratura economica, nelle istituzioni internazionali, nonché confermate dai dati periodici rilasciati dagli uffici statistici nazionali, una maggiore incidenza della popolazione attiva formalmente istruita in associazione con l'adozione delle TIC è altamente correlata ad una crescita robusta, sostenibile ed equa. In questo quadro è importante valutare il ruolo delle TIC nel sistema economico, in particolare verrà analizzato il ruolo delle TIC sia rispetto ad un particolare settore quello della sanità, che dal lato dei soggetti che dovrebbero essere parte attiva nella gestione delle TIC ovvero la situazione delle abilità digitali dei lavoratori dipendenti.
Il primo articolo si focalizza sul ruolo delle TIC nella determinazione dell’output del settore sanitario, utilizzando il database WIOD (World Input Output Database), di 24 paesi nell’arco temporale 2000-2014, tenendo conto anche dei differenti sistemi sanitari nazionali. La produzione del settore “Sanità e Servizi Sociali” assume, almeno in alcuni paesi specifici, il ruolo di stimolo all’innovazione che compensa ampiamente quello di peso sul bilancio pubblico.
Nel secondo articolo analizziamo come l’uso delle TIC stia progressivamente aumentando nel sistema sanitario italiano e in particolare come l'introduzione del Fascicolo Sanitario Elettronico (FSE), strumento di condivisione dei dati sanitari del singolo cittadino, potrebbe determinare cambiamenti nella produzione sui servizi sanitari. Verranno analizzati gli eventuali cambiamenti strutturali dei processi produttivi e della produzione totale applicando l'Analisi Strutturale di Decomposizione (SDA). La base dati di riferimento sarà la tavola di Input-Output riferita a due diversi periodi al fine di individuare i risultati sia degli effetti tecnologici sia della domanda finale a livello settoriale.
Infine l’ultimo articolo ha l’obiettivo di valutare le conseguenze dei cambiamenti nella composizione dell'occupazione per competenza digitale all’interno del flusso di produzione e distribuzione del reddito. Verrà costruita una Matrice di Contabilità Sociale (SAM) che consente di rappresentare le relazioni tra i cambiamenti di produzione delle attività e i cambiamenti di compensazione dei dipendenti per competenze, grado di digitalizzazione e genere. LA SAM sviluppata nel documento è relativa all'Italia nel 2013; il lavoro è disaggregato in competenze formali / non formali / informali e, inoltre, competenze digitali / non digitali. Le abilità digitali del lavoro seguono la definizione di “competenza formale” della Commissione Europea (2000): i) competenza formale a seconda del livello di istruzione e formazione; ii) competenza non formale acquisita sul posto di lavoro e attraverso le attività delle organizzazioni e dei gruppi della società civile; iii) competenza informale non acquisita intenzionalmente durante la vita. In questo quadro è stata introdotta un'ulteriore classificazione di input di lavoro basata sull'uso / non utilizzo di computer collegati a Internet. Sulla base della SAM, è stato implementato un modello multisettoriale esteso. Infine, verrà individuata una struttura adeguata di domanda finale che consente di ottenere i migliori risultati in termini di valore aggiunto distribuiti a lavoratori più qualificati con una elevata competenza digitale.
Books on the topic "Italian civil code"
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Italy. The Italian Civil code and complementary legislation. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y: Oceana, 1991.
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Cristina, Pagni Maria, ed. Commentary on the Italian code of civil procedure. Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press, 2010.
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Pagni, Maria Cristina. Commentary on the Italian code of civil procedure. Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press, 2010.
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Grossi, Simona. Commentary on the Italian code of civil procedure. New York, N.Y: Oxford University Press, 2010.
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Italy. Italian company law: With the Italian text of the Civil Code, Book V (Arts. 2325-2548). Deventer: Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers, 1992.
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T, HUC. Le Code civil italien et le Code Napoléon: Études de législation comparée. Hachette Livre - BNF, 2018.
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Lisa, Curran. 18 Italy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808589.003.0018.
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This chapter discusses the law of set-off in Italy. Under Italian law, set-off is recognised as a mechanism for extinguishing an obligation. The Civil Code classifies set-off by operation of law, by intervention of the judge, or by the will of the parties. The Code also lays down particular rights of combination with regard to amounts credited and debited to current accounts, as well as specific rights of set-off with regard to balances of a plurality of accounts or other relationships between a bank and its customer. The chapter first provides an overview of legal and contractual set-off between solvent parties before analysing set-off against insolvent parties. It examines the relevant provisions of the Italian Bankruptcy Law and the question of voidable preferences with respect to set-off. It also looks at issues arising from cross-border set-off between solvent parties and cross-border set-off against insolvent parties.
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Lupoi, Michele Angelo. Tra flessibilità e semplificazione. Bononia University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30682/sg294.
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La disciplina del processo civile italiano è stata a lungo caratterizzata da una rigidità degli schemi procedimentali, in particolare nell’ambito del rito ordinario di cognizione. Nel contesto internazionale, peraltro, da anni le riforme in materia di giustizia civile tendono a valorizzare i principi di flessibilità, proporzionalità e collaborazione, nell’ottica di adattare le regole procedimentali alle caratteristiche del caso concreto, nell’ambito di un dialogo tra giudice e parti sulla gestione manageriale del processo. Proprio partendo dall’analisi comparata della situazione in alcuni ordinamenti stranieri, dunque, il presente volume cerca di fare il punto su come l’ordinamento italiano abbia recepito le indicazioni e le suggestioni del dibattito internazionale in materia, per giungere ad evidenziare come, anche in Italia, negli ultimi anni si siano introdotti istituti volti a “semplificare” l’iter procedimentale, in ragione delle specificità della singola lite, e a dare rilievo, anche nel nostro ordinamento, ai principi di flessibilità e proporzionalità, pur senza attribuire loro esplicito riconoscimento normativo, nel rispetto delle garanzie fondamentali del giusto processo. In quest’ottica, vengono analizzati il calendario del processo, l’attribuzione al giudice di pregnanti prerogative per la soluzione conciliata delle liti, la valorizzazione del principio di chiarezza e sinteticità degli atti processuali e, soprattutto, l’istruttoria semplificata del rito sommario, elevata a modello processuale “alternativo” per tutte le cause di competenza del giudice monocratico del Tribunale. All’esito di questa ricognizione, l’autore conclude che si possa oggi parlare di un embrione di case management “all’italiana”, la cui implementazione richiede però una vera rivoluzione culturale da parte degli operatori pratici.
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Ferri, Delia. Italy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786627.003.0009.
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Italy was among the first countries to sign the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) in 2007, and ratified it in 2009 by Law 18/2009. Since then, the Convention has displayed significant influence on case law, and provoked a degree of judicial activism. This chapter provides an overview of how Italian courts have used and interpreted the CRPD. It highlights how Italian lower and higher courts, including the Constitutional Court and the Court of Cassation, have attempted to overcome the gap between domestic law and the CRPD, by ‘rethinking’ legal concepts in light of the Convention. This is evident with regards to the field of legal capacity and the domestic provisions of the civil code on the ‘administration of support’, but also to non-discrimination legislation, the scope of which has been evidently enlarged to encompass the failure to provide reasonable accommodation as a form of indirect discrimination.
Book chapters on the topic "Italian civil code"
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Sacco, Rodolfo. "A Civil Code Originated During the War (The Italian Codice Civile)." In The Scope and Structure of Civil Codes, 249–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7942-6_11.
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Graziadei, Michele. "The Italian Civil Code at Eighty: Facing Old Age." In The Making of the Civil Codes, 109–25. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4993-7_7.
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Zanini, Mariano Angelo, and Gianantonio Feltrin. "Reliability-Targeted Behaviour Factor Evaluation for Code Compliant RC Italian Frames." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1397–404. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91877-4_159.
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Zanini, Mariano Angelo, and Gianantonio Feltrin. "Seismic Reliability and Cost Analysis of Code Compliant RC Italian Frames." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1388–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91877-4_158.
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Zito, Martino, Danilo D’Angela, Giuseppe Maddaloni, and Gennaro Magliulo. "Required Response Spectra and Acceleration Loading Histories for Seismic Assessment of Acceleration-Sensitive Nonstructural Elements According to the Italian Building Code." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 875–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21187-4_76.
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Ventura, Livia. "Social Enterprises and Benefit Corporations in Italy." In The International Handbook of Social Enterprise Law, 651–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14216-1_31.
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AbstractItaly has been the first country in the world to adopt the US benefit corporation model (so-called società benefit (SB)), which it transplanted into its legal system at the end of 2015. The Italian società benefit statute is a mix between the US Model Benefit Corporation Legislation and the Delaware Public Benefit Corporation Act but is characterized by some peculiar features, such as the scope of the legislation, which is applicable to all for-profit and cooperative organizational forms provided by the law, and the existence of a public enforcement mechanism based on the attribution of supervisory powers to the Italian Competition Authority. A few years after its introduction, società benefit seems to have been widely accepted, and the movement continues to grow. Furthermore, the Italian legal system continues to support the spread of the SB model, e.g., through the 2019 amendment of the “Public Contract Code,” which introduced new reward criteria for tendering companies that publish the annual report required by the società benefit law to assess their social and environmental impacts. From a comparative law perspective, the Italian “for-benefit” model has been the first one adopted by a civil law system and seems to have influenced other civil law countries.
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D'Onghia, Madia. "Tensioni tra tecniche e valori nella disciplina delle tutele sociali dei lavoratori flessibili." In Studi e saggi, 285–304. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-484-7.19.
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The essay deals with the social protections of atypical workers that represent an extraordinary proof of the link between values and regulatory techniques. The author points out that current legislation does not always provide adequate forms of social protection for atypical workers. For this reason, often, more effective protections have been recognized in the jurisprudential. Three examples are analyzed: 1) the extension of the principle referred to in art. 2116 of the Italian Civil Code, as well as subordination; 2) the method of calculating the contributory seniority in the vertical part-time for retirement purposes; 3) the right to family allowances for permanent temporary workers. The author provides several points of reflection on the close intertwining of flexibility and social protections and on the need to move the plane of reasoning beyond the contract; it links rights and protections directly to the person entering the labour market and releases them from the status of worker.
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Ferretti, Niccolò, and Alessandro Zito. "Introduzione al diritto brevettuale italiano." In Italienisches, europäisches und internationales Immaterialgüterrecht, 63–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62179-0_2.
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ZusammenfassungIn Italia non esiste una vera e propria definizione di invenzione. Non ve ne è traccia né nella legge invenzioni del 1939 né all’interno del Codice della Proprietà Industriale (di seguito C.P.I.). Soltanto l’art. 2585 del codice civile elenca una serie di invenzioni brevettabili. La dottrina più illustre, dunque, ha considerato l’invenzione come „la soluzione originale di un problema tecnico“ e tale formula può, ancora oggi, essere condivisa.
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Maggini, Nicola, and Veronica Federico. "Civil Society Activism in Italy Across Different Fields: A Multifaceted Picture of Solidarity in Hard Times." In Transnational Solidarity in Times of Crises, 61–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49659-3_3.
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Abstract Over the last years, Italian civil society organisations have been working on a daily basis to mitigate the impact of both the global economic crisis and the refugee crisis, which have increased social vulnerabilities. Relying on the data gathered through 30 in-depth interviews with transnational solidarity organisations’ representatives, this chapter analyses solidarity practices in three fields of activity: disability, unemployment and migration. Results show that solidarity attitudes, practices and discourses are strongly influenced by the policy domain in which the organisations are active. Furthermore, the crisis led organisations to search for new strategies and approaches, even though it has been an ineffective vector of transnationalisation due to lack of resources, and the necessity to cope with pressing needs at national and local level/s.
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Currie, Elizabeth. "Action men: martial fashions in Florence, 1530-1630." In La moda come motore economico: innovazione di processo e prodotto, nuove strategie commerciali, comportamento dei consumatori / Fashion as an economic engine: process and product innovation, commercial strategies, consumer behavior, 367–87. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-565-3.20.
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This chapter analyses the influence of contemporary ideals of valour, physical strength, and martial skill on male court fashions. It outlines the various channels that enabled the propagation of martial styles and begins by examining the close relationship between inner valour and outward display, highlighting the meanings ascribed to the words “bravo” and “bravura” in sixteenth-and seventeenth-century Italian texts and imagery. Florentine courtiers were surrounded by idealised representations and performances of warfare, including mock battles with lavish costumes that were a key feature of Medici propaganda. Soldiers and mercenaries were themselves frequently characterised as fashion setters, associated with gaudy colours, flamboyance, and ornate decorations considered inappropriate male attire in many civic contexts. The chapter proceeds to focus on three key aspects of male dress connected with military might and physical strength: leather upper garments, frogged fastenings on cloaks and gowns, and adherent, short trunk hose. Consumer demand for these styles and their cultural meanings are traced through contemporary literature, visual sources, and archival records.
Conference papers on the topic "Italian civil code"
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Beconcini, M. L., P. Croce, P. Formichi, F. Landi, and A. Immorali. "The Definition of Drift Capacity of Walls in the Seismic Assessment of Masonry Buildings." In IABSE Symposium, Wroclaw 2020: Synergy of Culture and Civil Engineering – History and Challenges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/wroclaw.2020.0642.
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<p>The global assessment of the seismic performance of masonry buildings is commonly obtained performing nonlinear static analysis. Since the mechanical properties and the drift capacity of masonry walls are characterized by significant uncertainties, the definition of suitable capacity curves for masonry walls is topical. A comparative study is performed considering: the different formulations given in structural codes (Eurocode 8, Italian, Swiss, New Zealand Building Code), FEMA guidelines, the empirical formulations proposed by recent studies and the first definition of drift capacity in terms of ductility factors proposed for the implementation of the non-linear static analysis. The results are illustrated for a relevant case study of a three storey masonry buildings, and show that high differences in terms of seismic risk indexes are obtained according the different formulations, even leading to divergent conclusions about the structural safety of the building. The critical discussion of the obtained results suggests an improvement in the current criteria.</p>
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Cicoria, Massimiliano. "Legal Subjectivity and Absolute Rights of Nature." In The 8th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.8.2.06.
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The anthropocentric approach that characterizes all human knowledge has led to a distortion of the relationship with Nature and a view of it as a mere object of law. This approach, presumably originating with Socrates, had solid support in Plato, Aristotle, Ptolemy, and finally, in Catholic patristics, hinging on all disciplines starting from philosophy, psychology, economics, up to law. Dwelling on the latter, examples of legislation that qualify Nature as an object of law are, increasingly over time, the Forest Charter of 1217, the Italian Law No. 1766 of 1927 on civic uses, and furthermore – Art. 812 of the Italian Civil Code, and finally – the cd. Consolidated Environmental Law. This view is, however, changing in some states such as Bolivia, New Zealand, India, Ecuador, Uganda, – the states that through either legislative acts or rulings of supreme courts have begun the process of granting both to Mother Earth in general, and rivers in particular, the status of juridical persons which are endowed with series of very personal rights, which are recognized. This is not the case in Europe, where the relevant legislation continues to consider Nature (or, better, the Environment) as an object of law, therefore as a “thing” from which to draw, albeit within certain limits, utilities of all kinds. By analysing legal instruments potentially useful for a Copernican revolution on this point – in particular, the Kelsenian concept of “legal person”, the meaning of “company” and the European provisions on Artificial Intelligence – the first conclusion is reached: in a relationship that is not only theoretical, but also practical and utilitarian, it would be opportune to start considering, also through acknowledgments in constitutional sources, the Nature as a subject and no longer an object of rights. In this regard, following the general theories of people’s rights, it could be granted certain absolute rights, of which the right to water, restoration and biodiversity are examined in the current article. Hence, we come to the second conclusion, namely, the contrasts that, in Western law, such an approach could suffer, analysing in particular the problems of neo-naturalism and representation.
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Hampshire Santos, S., C. Giarlelis, J. Jara, A. Lampropoulos, D. Lo Presti, S. Montens, F. Sutcu, et al. "Comparative Study of International Major Codes for the Seismic Design of Buildings." In IABSE Symposium, Wroclaw 2020: Synergy of Culture and Civil Engineering – History and Challenges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/wroclaw.2020.0844.
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<p>The Task Group 1.1 of IABSE has proposed studies of comparisons among seismic codes, in order to find out discrepancies and similarities among them. The idea of the study is to select major international seismic design codes to be analyzed and compared among them. A comparative study of codes from seismically active regions of various countries is presented herein covering European, United States, Brazilian, Bulgarian, Canadian, French, Italian, Greek, Japanese, Mexican, New Zealander, Portuguese and Turkish codes and National Annexes of Eurocode 8. The study is focused in the criteria for the design of conventional (residential and commercial) buildings, analyzing some critical topics. A prototype reinforced concrete building is analyzed, considering all the codes under analyses and main results derived form the seismic design are compared.</p>
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Xibraku, Donalb, and Ervin Pupe. "Comparative analysis regarding the transcription and registration of Real Estate Transactions according to the legal provisions of the Italian and Albanian Civile Codes." In University for Business and Technology International Conference. Pristina, Kosovo: University for Business and Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.33107/ubt-ic.2018.259.
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Dauster, Manfred. "Criminal Proceedings in Times of Pandemic." In The 8th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.8.2.18.
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COVID-19 caught humanity off guard at the turn of 2019/2020. Even when the Chinese government sealed off Wuhan, a city of millions, for weeks to contain the epidemic, no one in other parts of the world had any idea of what specifically was heading for the countries. The ignorant and belittling public statements and tweets of the former US president are still fresh in everyone's memory. Only when the Italian army carried the coffins with the COVID-19 victims in northern Italy, the gravesites spread in the Bergamo region, as well as the intensive care beds filled in the overcrowded hospitals, the countries of the European Union and other parts of the world realised how serious the situation threatened to become. Together with the World Health Organisation (WHO), the terms changed to pandemic. Much of the pandemic evoked reminiscences originating in the Black Death raging between 1346 and 1353 or in the Spanish flu after the First World War. Meanwhile, life went on. The administration of justice in criminal cases could not and should not come to a standstill. Emergency measures, such as those that began to emerge in February 2020, are always the hour of the executive. In their efforts to stop the spread of the virus, in Germany, governments particularly reflected on criminal proceedings. Neither criminal procedural law nor the courts and court administrations applying this procedural law were adequately prepared for the challenges. Deadlines threatened to expire, access to court buildings and halls had to be restricted to reduce the risk of infection, public hearings represented a potential source of infection for both the parties to the proceedings and the public, virtual criminal hearings via conference calls had not yet been tested in civil proceedings, but were legally possible, but not so in criminal cases. The taking of evidence in criminal cases in Germany is governed by the rules of strict evidence and is largely not at the disposal of the parties to the proceedings. Especially in criminal cases, fundamental and human rights guarantees serve to protect the accused, but also the victims and witnesses. Executive measures of pandemic containment might impact these guarantees. Here, an attempt will be made to discuss at some neuralgic points how Germany has attempted to balance the resulting contradictory interests in the conflict between pandemic control and constitutional requirements for criminal court proceedings.
Reports on the topic "Italian civil code"
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Vallerani, Sara, Elizabeth Storer, and Costanza Torre. Considerazioni chiave: equità e partecipazione nella promozione della vaccinazione per il covid-19 tra le persone razzializzate e senza documenti. SSHAP, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.025.
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Questo documento espone alcune considerazioni a proposito della promozione dei vaccini per il SARS-CoV-2 e delle strategie per garantirne un’equa distribuzione tra gli immigrati senza documenti residenti in Italia e, in particolare, a Roma. Quanto emerge dal caso italiano può essere in parte applicabile ad altri contesti in cui la somministrazione del vaccino è stata legata al dispositivo del “passaporto vaccinale”, ovvero il certificato COVID digitale dell'UE, in Italia Green Pass. Nell’organizzazione della campagna vaccinale alcune categorie sociali sono state identificate come “difficili da raggiungere” (hard to reach) e per cui è necessario immaginare interventi specifici.1 In questo testo si sceglie di parlare di persone razzializzate e illegalizzate poiché senza documenti per riferirsi a persone immigrate che non hanno cittadinanza, permesso di soggiorno e status di rifugiato. Questo documento esplora il contesto quotidiano delle vite delle persone illegalizzate e come l’esperienza della pandemia di COVID-19 abbia esacerbato le difficoltà che queste persone incontrano, 23 mettendo in luce il collegamento tra le vulnerabilità, consolidate ed emergenti, con la percezione dei vaccini. Si suggerisce come l’orientamento e la percezione dei vaccini si inseriscano all’interno dei contesti di vita delle persone, in cui molto spesso la priorità è data al sostentamento economico. In molti casi, l’accettazione della vaccinazione è motivata dalla necessità di continuare ad avere un lavoro retribuito piuttosto che a una preoccupazione connessa alla salute o a una fiducia nei confronti delle istituzioni sanitarie. Il seguente documento si pone l’obiettivo di esaminare come i vaccini possano essere distribuiti in modo equo e capace di aumentare la fiducia e i processi di inclusione nella società post-pandemica. Il testo si basa principalmente sulla ricerca etnografica e le testimonianze raccolte attraverso interviste e osservazioni con persone razzializzate e illegalizzate nella città di Roma, insieme a rappresentanti della società civile e operatori socio-sanitari tra dicembre 2021 e gennaio 2022. Questo documento è stato sviluppato per SSHAP da Sara Vallerani (Università di Roma Tre), Elizabeth Storer (LSE) e Costanza Torre (LSE). È stato revisionato da Santiago Ripoll (IDS, Università del Sussex), con ulteriori revisioni da parte di Paolo Ruspini (Università Roma Tre) ed Eloisa Franchi (Université Paris Saclay, Università di Pavia). La ricerca è stata finanziata dalla British Academy COVID-19 Recovery: G7 Fund (COVG7210058). La ricerca si è svolta presso il Firoz Lalji Institute for Africa, London School of Economics. La sintesi è di responsabilità di SSHAP.