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Journal articles on the topic 'Italy – Politics and government – 20th century'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Samofatov, Mykhailo. "AN UNEXPECTED ALLIANCE: US POLICY REGARDING FORMATION OF THE CENTER-LEFT COALITION IN ITALY." Paper of Faculty of History, no. 33 (March 12, 2024): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2312-6825.2022.33.270463.

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The Cold War became a significant factor influencing not only the foreign, but also the domestic politics of Italy. The main problem of Italy as a member of NATO in the middle of the 20th century left pro-Soviet parties became popular, and the ruling Christian Democratic Party may lose power. The alliance of Christian Democrats with the Socialists became an unexpected means of solving the current problems, and the US, by supporting this alliance, demonstrated the ability to be flexible in conducting foreign policy towards its allies. The main thesis of the article is that such unexpected allia

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Guslin, Guslin, and Amarulla Octavian. "The impact of the Bolsheviks Revolution on the political development and system of government of the new state of the 20th century." Politik Indonesia: Indonesian Political Science Review 6, no. 2 (2021): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ipsr.v6i3.31484.

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The Bolshevik Revolution forced the end of Tsar Nicholas II's imperial rule in Russia. Furthermore, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, Russia formed a new government in the form of the Republic. The main power of this government is entirely under the Dictatorship of the Proletariat. Subsequent changes in the form of government in Russia, especially after World War I, inspired newly independent countries in the mid-20th century to follow the same system of government. Through theories about the state, politics, and government system, this study will analyze the influence of the Bolshevik r

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Semyonov, Alexander M. "Imperial parliament for a hybrid empire: Representative experiments in the early 20th-century Russian Empire." Journal of Eurasian Studies 11, no. 1 (2020): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1879366520902868.

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This article argues that the history of Russian constitutional and parliamentary reform in the early 20th century can be cast in a new light in view of the global transformation of political life under the challenge of imperial diversity and mass politics. The article points out that imperial diversity as a challenge to democratic government was not unique to the Russian Empire. The character of the Russian Empire was marked by peculiarities; it was shaped by composite and hybrid imperial space, which placed the challenge of imperial diversity at the center of political practices and imaginari

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Bandžović, Safet. "Slovenci u Antifašističkoj borbi u Bosni i Hercegovini i izgradnji federativnih osnova Jugoslavije (1941-1945)." Historijski pogledi 6, no. 9 (2023): 113–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2023.6.9.113.

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Understanding the socio-historical processes after the April War of 1941 and the dismemberment of Yugoslavia presupposes a deeper knowledge of opposing national perspectives since 1918, when this country was created, of the events between the two world wars, as well as their multidimensional characters, since they largely determined wartime polarizations and alignments. The Second World War is one of the most problematic historical periods in the post-Yugoslav area, from a scientific and political point of view. With numerous relief and insufficiently explored components, it still belongs to t

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Kuitert, Lisa. "Balai Pustaka and the Politics of Knowledge." Lembaran Sejarah 17, no. 1 (2021): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/lembaran-sejarah.69965.

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During the colonial period of Indonesia the Dutch government was an important source of knowledge which was disseminated through the production of books, such as textbooks and other printed material. In response to the establishment of many new commercial printers and publishers, the colonial government, in 1917, set up its own publishing company, Balai Pustaka, which also published attractive and popular books. This new publishing house intentionally and unintentionally served several goals at a time that was characterized by the rise of young Indonesian intellectuals who were part of new pol

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Söllner, Alfons. "Totalitarismus – eine kleine Ideengeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts." Politisches Denken. Jahrbuch 29, no. 1 (2019): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/jpd.29.1.87.

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Totalitarianism is problably the most ambivalent political idea of the 20th century: it stands for the most negative experience with politics, it was used as polemical weapon within the major political conflicts of the epoch, and it attracted as many ingenious political thinkers in order to clarify totalitarianism as a scientific concept. The essay is only a sketch and tries to reconstruct the variations of the concept throughout five stages: its origins in Mussolini’s Italy, the pluralistic formation in the 1930/40s, the canonization during the cold war, its diminuation in the 1960/70s, and t

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Mair, Peter. "Representation and participation in the changing world of party politics." European Review 6, no. 2 (1998): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798700003203.

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The 20th-century has been the century of mass politics, and the mass parties that emerged at the beginning of this century became deeply rooted within wider society. The passing of this golden age of the party has now been marked by two distinct processes of change. On the one hand, parties have become more distant from society and more closely linked to government and the state. On the other hand, there has been a decline in the political identities of the parties, such that voters now find it increasingly difficult to distinguish between them. These changes, and the related transformation of

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Griffin, Stephen M. "Bringing the State into Constitutional Theory: Public Authority and the Constitution." Law & Social Inquiry 16, no. 04 (1991): 659–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.1991.tb00864.x.

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This article brings the state into constitutional theory by presenting a theory of the development of the American state from the late 19th century to the present. The focus of the theory is the ability of the national state to exercise sovereignty or public authority over civil society. The main thesis is that the Constitution did not establish a government with a level of public authority adequate to the requirements of a modem democratic state. The result was a mismatch between the demands of civil society and the competence of state institutions, causing a reorganization of the political i

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Gayada, F. A. "Russian Liberal of the Beginning of the 20th Century in Politics." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 10, no. 6 (2018): 28–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2017-10-6-28-43.

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The article examines the political views and practices of Russian liberals in the early twentieth century. Russia’s political destiny of this period directly depended on building constructive relations between the authorities and society. Liberal ideas had a significant impact on the educated public. At the same time, the constructive cooperation between the liberals and the government was the most important condition for the possibility of application of these ideas in domestic political practice. The article examines the political experience of the two largest liberal political parties in Ru

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MARTYNOV, D. E. "Kang Youwei and Italy in the beginning of the 20th century: comprehension of the politics of the west by the traditional confucian thinker." Comparative Politics Russia 13, no. 1-2 (2023): 186–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2221-3279-2022-1-2-13-186-198.

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The article deals with the theoretical treatises written by Kang Youwei (1858 — 1927) in exile and devoted to the understanding of Western social and political reality from the standpoint of a bearer of traditional Chinese culture and Neo-Confucian philosophy. First of all, these are “Travelogue to Italy” (Yidali youji, 1904) and “Impartial Words on Republicanism” (Gonghe pingyi, 1918). Kang Yuwei’s thinking is characterized by attention to the Confucian binary opposition si — gong (private — general), which he transferred to both civilizational development and international politics. In other

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Rosidin, Didin Nurul, Mila Amalia, Ihsan Sa'dudin, and Eka Safitri. "Muslim Social Movements in Cirebon and the Emergence of National Resistance Movements Against the Dutch Colonial Government in the Early 20th Century Indonesia." Journal of Asian Social Science Research 4, no. 1 (2022): 63–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/jassr.v4i1.64.

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The early twentieth century saw the emergence of Muslim social movements as a new model of resistance against the Dutch colonial rule in Indonesia. This model of the resistance movement was a response to various changes in politics, social and religious culture in the early decades of the 20th century due to dynamics within the Muslim community as well as the new policy of the colonial government. This article studies the emergence of Muslim social movements in Cirebon, West Java, and its impacts on the development of the Muslims’ resistance movement against the Dutch colonial rule in Indonesi

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Sidorenko, Irina N. "The Crisis of Democracy and the Problem of Democratic Peace." Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences 65, no. 3 (2022): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30727/0235-1188-2022-65-3-39-57.

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The author analyzes three waves of the crisis of democracy during the 20th and early 21st centuries. The first crisis of democracy in the early 20th century is caused by the emergence and development of public politics, which challenged the possibility to govern the masses having conflict potential, it balanced the power of the people and universal suffrage with the control of the media in order to maintain the stability of political system. The second wave of the crisis of democracy (the last third of the 20th century) is associated with the destruction of the conventional world and the weake

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Capotosti, Piero Alberto. "Coalition Agreements in the Italian Political and Institutional System." Israel Law Review 26, no. 4 (1992): 531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700011171.

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1. In recent years, negotiations between parliamentary factions in Italy have had an increasing impact on the process of government formation. The frequency of such negotiations and resulting coalition agreements necessitates a more thorough examination of this phenomenon in order to understand the interaction between coalition agreements and government policy.The phenomenon of coalition governments is not a new one. A number of European states have witnessed their emergence since the late 19th century. It is, however, in regimes of extreme multi-party politics — as the Italian system must be

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Soll, Jacob. "Accounting for Government: Holland and the Rise of Political Economy in Seventeenth-Century Europe." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 40, no. 2 (2009): 215–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh.2009.40.2.215.

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In the 1650s, political administrators across Europe began adopting accounting strategies to manage government. Although the method of double-entry book-keeping emerged during the Middle Ages and spread from Italy during the Renaissance, governments were slow to adopt it. Inspired by the Dutch precedent, however, English, French, German, and Russian rulers and ministers looked to accounting to build new military industrial complexes. This general movement represents a paradigmatic change in the language of politics, away from traditional humanist theory toward a technocratic culture that would

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Riall, Lucy. "Hero, saint or revolutionary? Nineteenth-century politics and the cult of Garibaldi." Modern Italy 3, no. 02 (1998): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532949808454803.

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SummaryGiuseppe Garibaldi was the most enduring political hero of nineteenth-century Italy. His political image was inspired by both the romantic movement and religion and, in turn, inspired a new kind of charismatic popular politics. The first part of this article explores the sources and assesses the impact of the cult of Garibaldi during the Risorgimento. The second part examines the use made of Garibaldi's image after Italian unification and, especially, after his death. It finds that government attempts to glorify Garibaldi were relatively unsuccessful while the parallel, republican cult

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Iswahyudi. "Ethical Politics: Education Of The Native Population And Strengthening The Indonesian National Movement In The Early 20th Century." International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 12, no. 5 (2025): 8589–97. https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v12i05.03.

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Ethical policy was a term widely used in the first decade of the twentieth century for the policies of the Dutch East Indies colonial government that were supposed to benefit the interests of the indigenous population. The content given to the term depended on how one saw its significance. For the former, it meant primarily a clear path for Christian missions, for others, it meant strengthening the economic position of the indigenous population, for the latter, it meant greater access for the indigenous population to education, and for the latter, it meant a greater role for the indigenous pop

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Box, Richard C. "Authoritarian populism in the US: context and continuity in a post-truth era." Review of Nationalities 10, no. 1 (2020): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pn-2020-0003.

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Abstract An enduring theme in US politics is tension between people on the right who favour limited government that serves individual and elite interests and people on the left who prefer active government with emphasis on a broader public interest. Recently, the political landscape has shifted from the dominant ideology of neoliberalism toward a far-right authoritarian populism with parallels to mid-20th century fascism. This shift appears in regressive societal characteristics - such as xenophobia, racism, homophobia, and misogyny - that were thought to have diminished in an increasingly pro

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Muh Saerozi. "Transformation of Villas to Mosques Social Impact of Islamization On The Government Center of Java In The Late 20th Century." IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v2i1.68.

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Islamization of Java becomes an actual topic of religious social research because the phenomena not only relate to religious discourse but also other aspects. This research focuses on the Islamization of the government center of Salatiga Central Java. The aims of this study are: to find the academic answer to why Islamization occurred in the government center of Salatiga in Central Java, to find out the Islamization process underway, to describe the dominant factors affecting Islamization, and to describe the impact of Islamization on religious life around the central government. The benefit o

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19

Avango, Dag, Louwrens Hacquebord, Ypie Aalders, Hidde De Haas, Ulf Gustafsson, and Frigga Kruse. "Between markets and geo-politics: natural resource exploitation on Spitsbergen from 1600 to the present day." Polar Record 47, no. 1 (2010): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247410000069.

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ABSTRACTWhat are the driving forces behind large scale natural resource exploitation in the polar regions and how should we understand the relations between these forces? New historical-archaeological research performed during the International Polar Year (IPY) 2007–2009 on whaling, hunting and mining in Spitsbergen (1600–present) show both economic and geopolitical factors driving the development of those industries, both the whaling industries in the 17th century and 1900’s, and the mining industry of the early 20th century. However, the relation between these driving forces has differed, bo

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Sulton, Agus. "Indonesian Sastra Liar: Political Strategies of Social Movements in Indonesia." Jurnal Sastra Indonesia 10, no. 2 (2021): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jsi.v10i2.47553.

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This paper presents asastra liarstrategy in the beginning of 20th century in Indonesia. Those literature texts were created by the Marxism organizations. It aimed to be anti-government, anti-colonialism, anti-imperialism, and anti-capitalism propaganda. The historical methods used in this paper are divided into some phases: heuristic, source critics, interpretation, and historiography. As the result, this paper finds some propaganda strategies and politics used by the Left movement organizations in Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) to oppose the Dutch government and give education to the kromoor p

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Ja'far, Ja'far, Mhd Syahnan, Asrul Asrul, Zaini Dahlan, and Sakti Ritonga. "Discovering the Legacy of Mandailing Ulama: Education, Intellectuals, and Politics in North Sumatra in the Early 20th Century." Ulumuna 26, no. 2 (2022): 296–336. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v26i2.502.

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This study examines the role of Mandailing ulama in education, intellectuals, and politics in the early 20th century. Ulama plays a critical role in safeguarding the morality of Muslim society (umma). Drawing upon the historical approach, it employed Kuntowijoyo model of writing history stages and Anthony Giddens' structuration theory to analyze the problems that this study intends to answer. This study argues that the social structure surrounding the Mandailing ulama enabled them to address religious and other sociocultural issues. This study also unveiled that the Mandaling ulama in the earl

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Caio Henrique, Dias Duarte. "«Change everything so that nothing changes»: Right Regimes and Diplomacy in Brazil in the 20th Century." Latin-American Historical Almanac 29 (March 26, 2021): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32608/2305-8773-2021-29-1-109-125.

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In this article we will make a comparison between the political regimes and the diplomacy of Brazil in two periods of the 20th century: the final years of the period of the Liberal Republic, in the Goulart Government (1961-1964) and under the Military Dictatorship, with a special focus on the distension under the Geisel Government (1974-1979). We focus on the political organization of these periods, which can be considered crisis or transition periods, and in the same way, the continuities in their diplomatic contributions. Looking at the internal crises, it will discuss legal aspects of the t

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Coombe, Paul. "Epistemology, Power, Discourse, Truth and Groups." Group Analysis 50, no. 4 (2017): 478–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0533316417725837.

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This article begins with reference to a recent publication that has challenged some of the previously asserted origins and attributions of group analysis and psychoanalysis. Trigant Burrow was one of the earliest psychoanalysts and coined the term ‘group analysis’ in a certain context early in the 20th-century. The book edited by the Petegatos in Italy is then used as the basis of a study examining the nature of epistemology and its being intimately and necessarily associated with power: a politics of truth. What follows then is an exploration of the work of philosophers, in particular Foucaul

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Tanjung, Ida Liana, Bambang Purwanto, and Nur Aini Setyawati. "COLONIAL POLITICS IN FORMING ETHNIC IDENTITY OF MELAYU MINANGKABAU AND BATAK IN TAPANULI." Jurnal Humaniora 28, no. 1 (2016): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jh.v28i1.11508.

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The article discusses the forming of ethnic identity among Batak and Malay people in Tapanuli during colonial period. The colonial government that desired to expand its hegemony among these ethnic groups had led them to create policies and boundaries for the groups in Tapanuli. This study uses historical method (heuristic) that begins from sources collection, sources critique,interpretation and explanation. Constructive approach is used to analyze the sources that considers ethnic identity is a result of construction process of a particular group. This article shows that in pre-colonial period

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Pulignano, Valeria, Domenico Carrieri, and Lucio Baccaro. "Industrial relations in Italy in the twenty-first century." Employee Relations 40, no. 4 (2018): 654–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-02-2017-0045.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the developments which have characterized Italy’s industrial relations from post-war Fordism to neo-liberal hegemony and recent crisis, with a particular focus on the major changes occurred in the twenty-first century, especially those concerning concertative (tripartite) policy making between the government, the employers’ organizations and the trade unions. Design/methodology/approach This study is a conceptual paper which analysis of main development trends. Findings Italy’s industrial relations in the twenty-first century are characterized

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McCracken, Damian John. "The CCF and Canada's Socialist Streak." Federalism-E 20, no. 1 (2019): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/fede.v20i1.13154.

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In the early 20th Century Canada saw the rise of a prominent socialist movement led by the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF). The CCF's influence on Canadian politics was essential to the creation of Canada's modern political ideology, which can be described as reform liberal. This ideology took hold due to the pressure that the CCF exerted on the two major federal parties, which could both be characterized as classical liberal. Due to the settlement pattern of the prairies and the actions of the federal government in response to the Great Depression, the CCF was able to secure a stro

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Romano, Marina. "Muḏakkirāt fī l-siyāsah al-miṣriyyah: Nationalism and the Politics of Memory in 20th-Century Egypt." Oriente Moderno 99, no. 1-2 (2019): 94–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22138617-12340209.

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Abstract Despite the massive research carried out on Egyptian nationalism and its ideological premises in the first half of the 20th century, little is known on the copious political memoirs composed and published in the same period and on their contribution to the development of a nationalist discourse in its strict sense. Among these “political autobiographies”, the Muḏakkirāt fī l-siyāsah al-miṣriyyah (Memoirs on Egyptian Politics) by Muḥammad Ḥusayn Haykal played a crucial role in the dissemination of a shared sense of identity based on the nation-state. By performing the act of rememb

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Suárez Trejo, Javier. "From Romana Gens to cumbiatella: propaganda, migration and identity in Italo-Peruvian mobilities." Modern Italy 24, no. 1 (2018): 21–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mit.2018.28.

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Branding promotes and sells products and services through the creation of an identity – the brand. What happens when the promoter of a brand is a government? What transformations does a national identity experience when it becomes a brand to export? Is national branding a contemporary form of promoting national identities? To explore these questions, the article focuses on two artefacts that show the propaganda/branding strategies of Italians in Peru and Peruvians in Italy during the twentieth century: the magazine Romana- Gens ne la Terra de ‘Los Incas’ (1934–1941) and the ad-documentary Marc

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Wahyudhi, Nostalgiawan. "The Pattern of Islamic Moderate Movement in Java under Political Fluctuations in Early 20th Century." International Journal of Nusantara Islam 3, no. 2 (2015): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/ijni.v3i2.1412.

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The previous studies of Islamization in Java follow a clear distinction of Priyayi-Abangan-Santri thesis, which was gradually developed and incompatible to capture the changing of political preferences of Javanese Muslims. This paper examines what kind of patterns formed on the dynamics of the Islamization process in Java under the influence of socio-political changes. The output of this paper is to show the pattern of Islamization process in Java under the political dynamic changes of Indonesian politics in the early twentieth century. The pattern of Islamization in Java was influenced by eth

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Romano, Bernardino, Francesco Zullo, Alessandro Marucci, and Lorena Fiorini. "Vintage Urban Planning in Italy: Land Management with the Tools of the Mid-Twentieth Century." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (2018): 4125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114125.

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This paper describes a critical situation for Italy, which is one of the causes of the overall disorganization of settlement growth in the past decades. Using the data extracted from some institutional databases, we show that a large part of the national territory is managed with highly effective decision-making tools (such as municipal town planning schemes in Italy), which are, however, lagging behind in their conception and fulfilment of scientific, cultural, and political requirements deemed essential today for effective and sustainable land transformation. Municipalities with plans dating

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Mina, Hao. "Feminism Is Still Relevant in Australia." Studies in Social Science Research 2, no. 3 (2021): p26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sssr.v2n3p26.

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Feminist movements had been pervasive in the 20th century. It helped women to earn civil rights globally, welcomed by most civilized citizens. Then in the 21st century, it seems to have no reason to exist since there are no apparently observable and unpleasant unequal treatments towards women. Feminism, hence, is regarded as a word of the past by some people. Nevertheless, it is not the fact. By studying the situation in Australia, women in this nation have become the study object. Working opportunities in politics and business have been counted, combined with the study of relevant government

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Apriandi, Budi, Thaheransyah, Tamrin Kamal, Saifullah SA, Desi Asmaret, and Julhadi. "The Islamic Intellectual Intelligence as a Social Class." TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal 4, no. 1 (2025): 30–39. https://doi.org/10.61445/tofedu.v4i1.371.

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Islamic intelligence in Indonesia has experienced ups and downs, both politically and intellectually. The transformation of Indonesian Islamic Information Services, which were initially marginalized by intellectuals, politics, and bureaucracy in Indonesia, to a central position is one example of the long journey of Islamic Information Services in Indonesia. The emergence of Indonesian intellectuals at the end of the 19th century and the first two decades of the 20th century manifested in several names that continued to evolve, from the birth of figures to the emergence of Bangsawan Oesoel and

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Burkhanadin, A. "Political islam or conservatism: a typology of the Deobandi movement." Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Historical Sciences. Philosophy. Religion Series 144, no. 3 (2023): 178–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7255-2023-144-3-178-189.

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The article analyzes the general nature, branches, political and religious enlightenment activities of the Deobandian movement, which appeared in India in the 19th century and passed through various stages, based on the issue of typology related to religious movements in Islam. Thus, a typology of religious and political groups originating from the Deobandian movement is created. A systematic conclusion is made on such issues as the beginning of the movement, its relationship with the colonial government, branching, involvement in political decisions, sources of religious education, legal and

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Zygadło, Grażyna. "“We’re missing the Latino attorney or astronaut as the hero”: Latinx Presence in Hollywood in the 20th and 21st Centuries." Polish Journal for American Studies, no. 16 (2022) (December 22, 2022): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311/pjas.16/2022.04.

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The article examines the Latinx presence throughout the history of American cinema and analyses the reasons for the mis- and underrepresentation of Latinos/as in Hollywood productions focusing on major stereotypes and politics of American government towards this ethnic group influencing their cinematic description. The final part discusses the recent works produced by Latinos/as and telling their stories in the twenty-first century to demonstrate that Latinos/as are the integral part of American society who want to be justly represented and have the possibility to speak in their own name.

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Sipa, Sarlota Naema, A. M. Djuliati Suroyo, and Endang Susilowati. "Zuid Midden Timor under the Dutch Control 1905-1942." Indonesian Historical Studies 1, no. 1 (2017): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ihis.v1i1.1240.

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This study is aimed at retracing the Dutch colonial government in South Middle Timor or Zuid Midden Timor in the beginning of 20th century. Intending to expand its controlled territories, to exploit the sandalwood trade and introduce Christianity, the colonial government then domiclied in Kupang entered the inland parts of Timor island, to be prescisely in Molo in 1905. The Ducth colonial government defeated the local meos (soldiers), the Molo meo, Amabuan meo and the Amanatun meo. These three regions were later formed as a governmental administration zone by the East Indies, equivalent to a l

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Meinolf, Arens. "An ethnic group amidst the tensions of totalitarian demographic politics. Csangos/Hungarians in the context of Romanian-Hungarian-German relations (1944)." Erdélyi Társadalom 5, no. 2 (2007): 71–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17177/77171.88.

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According to the Munich based scholar the history of Moldovan Csangos was much more influenced by major European events, then it was earlier thought. One has to mention here their (i.e. Csangos) strictly defined frames by the two known totalitarian regimes of the 20th century. One key event of matter to Csangos from the Hungarian side was the resettlment project on the summer of 1944 that eventually failed. This clearly shows the ideological positions of both the Hungarian and Rumanian government of that time, as well as the role of Nazi Germany on the Csango issue

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Rahman, Md Sayedur, and Maesha Shafwat. "China-Australia Sustainable Bilateral Economic Relations in the Late 20th - Early 21st Century." Journal of Business and Management 8, no. 1 (2024): 116–32. https://doi.org/10.3126/jbm.v8i1.72127.

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Background: In the New Year 2024, Australia sees the light of hope for the development of relations with China. Relations began to strain when Australia called for an independent investigation into the origin of the coronavirus, and the Chinese government-imposed import bans on almost everything that Australia used to export to China. This ban created a problem between the two countries. The joining of Australia in the QUAD military alliance further strained relations, but the relationship is gradually improving. Objectives: This research aims to examine and assess the issues and opportunities

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Gangale, Lucia. "<b>GUERRA E POLITICA NE “LE QUATTRO RAGAZZE WIESELBERGER” DI FAUSTA CIALENTE</b>." RAUDEM. Revista de Estudios de las Mujeres 12 (December 21, 2024): 119–40. https://doi.org/10.25115/s14rpx82.

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The novel Le quattro ragazze Wieselberger (The Four Wieselberger Girls), published in 1976 and winner of that year's Strega Prize, is the later work of Fausta Cialente, an important 20th century Italian writer. In it, autobiographical memoirs merge with accounts of the history and politics of the 'short century', in which the dramas that crossed it are analysed: imperialism, racism, wars, totalitarianism and class conflicts. Special attention is paid by the writer to the indifference and greed of the bourgeoisie of her time and the place of women in the working world. In this novel, the soul o

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Khalikulova, Umida Rustamovna. "SOCIO-POLITICAL SITUATION IN INDIA AT THE END OF THE 19TH CENTURY - THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY." Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 4 (2024): 83–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10935085.

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Late 19th - early 20th century. The socio-political situation in India was dire. The economic situation was extremely difficult, the standard of living of the population was lower than that of other countries. At that time, India mainly specialized in agriculture, and the majority of the population lived in villages and engaged in farming. Due to the lack of systematic work in agriculture, the lifestyle of the farmers working on the land was miserable. The industry was also served by the British government. There are some differences in India during this period literacy and only upper class pe

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Arciszewska, Barbara, and Makary Górzyński. "Urban Narratives in the Age of Revolutions: Early 20th century Ideas to Modernize Warsaw." Artium Quaestiones, no. 26 (September 19, 2018): 101–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/aq.2015.26.6.

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In January 1906, in the turbulent period of 1905–1907, the poet, artist, and socialactivist Antoni Lange published in the Warsaw weekly Świat an essay called“Marzenia warszawskie” (“The Warsaw Dreams”). A several page text, illustratedwith woodcuts by the painter Andrzej Zarzycki, included a spectacular vision of metropolitanWarsaw of the future: a capital city with many public buildings and moderninfrastructure, a genuine center of Polish national and cultural life. The present essayanalyzes unexamined ideas of Lange in terms of the history of architecture, andin a double political and social

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Körner, Axel. "Local Government and the Meanings of Political Representation: A Case Study of Bologna between 1860 and 1915." Modern Italy 10, no. 2 (2005): 137–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532940500284168.

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SummarySince the early nineteenth century political opposition became a central concept of political representation in constitutional monarchies. While this concept marked the political language of unified Italy on the national level, in local administration the legitimacy of political opposition remained an issue of dispute, as illustrated in this analysis of the political language in Bologna's local council. Local perceptions of national events, like the government's reaction to Garibaldi's unsuccessful Mentana-campaign, assumed major symbolic meaning in local politics and challenged traditi

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Melnik, Denis. "Liberals and the state in Italy: Giovanni Giolitti’s liberal reformism and its critics." Issues of Economic Theory 25, no. 4 (2024): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52342/2587-7666vte_2024_4_128_141.

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The article examines the strategy of liberal reformism in Italy in the late 19th – early 20th centuries and its critique by representatives of economic liberalism (“pure” liberals). The clash of two visions of liberal policy reflected the complication of the transformation of liberalism in response to expansion of state interference and the emergence of the mass politics. The peculiarities of the transformation of liberalism in Italy during the period were caused by the nature of the challenges. The country faced the tasks of state-building after the unification, bridging the development gap b

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Stepovaya, Valeriya I. "Nikolai Gogol’s Comedy The Government Inspector in American Translations of the First Third of the 20th Century." Imagologiya i komparativistika, no. 16 (2021): 84–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/24099554/16/6.

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The article focuses on N.V. Gogol’s comedy The Government Inspector in American translations of the first third of the 20th century to identify different renditions and semantic transformations of the play in the context of American culture. The author employs comparative, contextual, and content analysis to analyse three American translations: 1) by Max Solomon Mandell in 1908; 2) by Thomas Seltzer in 1916; 3) by George Rapall Noyes and John Lawrence Seymour in 1933.The analysis has shown that M. Mandell’s translation contains the greatest number of transformations, being adapted to the needs

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Stanton, Domna C. "The Humanities in Human Rights: Critique, Language, Politics." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 121, no. 5 (2006): 1518–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900099818.

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IN THE BEGINNING WAS THE AND. WHEN JUDITH BUTLER AND I DEcided to cochair a conference called “Human Rights and the Humanities,” we aimed to create a connection between two apparently disparate fields and to leave its nature general enough to allow participants to probe different types of relations. I say “apparently” because connections between the humanities and human rights have existed historically and conceptually in the West through the mediation of humanism. Even though in Renaissance Italy umanista, the teacher of classical languages and literatures, was contrasted with legista, the te

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Montiel, G. L. "The new Mexican political system: reconfiguration of capacities and power." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos 8, no. 1 (2020): 10–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2020-8-1-10-27.

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There exist different elements that contribute to the idea of the political system as such in the context of the Mexican experience, but also that serve as referents that characterize the recent past. For that reason, we present a scheme of analysis – with political trends that are being built and that differentiate the new Mexican political system compared to that of the 20th century. Based on a model of the political system as the methodology of the analysis, we will track the trends of the changing Mexican politics during the 21st century. The destruction of the institutions of the old poli

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Hamon, M. Max. "A Métis Parliament: Louis Riel and Constitutional Debates in Red River*." Parliamentary History 44, no. 1 (2025): 54–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-0206.12777.

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AbstractIn the mid 19th century the Métis, an Indigenous People in the northwest of North America, contested their exclusion from Canada's parliament. Settler colonial states have a legacy of excluding Indigenous voices. However, considering the case of Louis Riel's expulsion from parliament and reading the constitutional debates held in the northwest during the Red River resistance of 1869–70, this article illustrates the contested nature of the ‘perfect sovereignty’ of settler colonialism. The debates reveal a Métis understanding of parliamentary government that seems to draw on a confluence

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Samofatov, Mykhailo. "ITALY AFTER MAASTRICHT: CHALLENGES OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION IN THE 1990S." European Historical Studies, no. 27 (2024): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2024.27.1.

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The article examines the impact of the signing of the Maastricht Treaty of 1992, the foundation of the EU, on political and economic processes in Italy in the 1990s. The transition from the EEC to a new form of European integration was the subject of a general political consensus. The question was raised about the influence of European integration on the 1992–1994 «Mani pulite» scandal, which was characterized by a series of trials against prominent officials and ended with the collapse of the old political system of the First Republic. As a result, Italy for the first time created a «technica

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Leoni, Giulia. "Social responsibility in practice: an Italian case from the early 20th century." Journal of Management History 23, no. 2 (2017): 133–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmh-10-2016-0057.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the ideals informing the social strategy of Marzotto, an Italian family business in the textile industry, during the rise and fall of the fascist regime and to compare it with the main concepts of social responsibility theory that developed from the 1950s onwards. Because Italy at that time was a family-based economy, subject to a dictatorial government, it offers an interesting context of investigation that is similar to various contemporary emerging countries. Design/methodology/approach Using a company’s public social report and various publis

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Gregorczyk, Dariusz. "NATO and the Warsaw Pact in defence politics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the second half of the 20th century." Res Politicae 13 (2021): 35–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/rp.2021.13.02.

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After the year 1945 and during the Cold War, the defence politics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRJ) in regards to NATO was determined by the country's international politics and its geostrategic placement. The geopolitical situation of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was extremely complicated due to its borders shared with NATO and the Warsaw Pact countries. The communist government of Yugoslavia, and the leaders of the Yugoslav People's Army, expected the SFRJ territory to become a warzone should the conflict between the two political blocks escalate to milit

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Basundoro, Purnawan. "POLITIK RAKYAT KAMPUNG DI KOTA SURABAYA AWAL ABAD KE-20." SASDAYA: Gadjah Mada Journal of Humanities 1, no. 1 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/sasdayajournal.17025.

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This article aims to explain the politics activities by the villagers in Surabaya at the early of 20th century. The villagers was always considered as the passive people who refused to be involved in a conflict, therefore didn’t do the politic. The historic methodology is taken in this research by referring to the documents from the same century, the newspaper in Surabaya, and also referring to other tertiary resources. The approach chosen is the politic history, a history to describe the struggle of the people to achieve their will. The villagers had various strategy and tactic. As for the vi

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