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Sach, Andrew John. "Auditory spatial attention." Thesis, University of York, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325696.
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Vempati, Sridhar. "The Role of the Juxtamembrane Domain of FLT3-ITDs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-70158.
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Dias, Ricardo Daniel da Cunha. "Configurações operativas de desenvolvimento regional sustentável: uma análise às primeiras estratégias integradas de desenvolvimento territorial em Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14262.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Sociologia<br>O desenvolvimento sustentável implica uma abordagem equilibrada entre as dimensões ambiental, económica e social. Contudo, a mobilização de tal equilíbrio pelas práticas políticas foi sempre um exercício frágil e complexo, constrangido nos processos políticos, por prioridades e agendas conflituantes. Na UE, e em Portugal enquanto Estado-Membro, tal influência entre processos e práticas políticas é particularmente pertinente face a um quadro de experimentação da governança multinível como novo paradigma e do território enquanto fator de racionalidade das políticas públicas. Nesse sentido, esta dissertação analisa as configurações operativas de desenvolvimento sustentável que decorreram das primeiras Estratégias Integradas de Desenvolvimento Territorial (EIDTs) elaboradas em Portugal para o Ciclo de Programação Comunitária 2014-2020. Sustentando-se metodologicamente na análise de conteúdo às 23 EIDTs, concluiu-se que o desenvolvimento sustentável foi mobilizado em função de três modelos: 1.) um que evidencia a lógica da coesão territorial (projeção bottom up dos recursos naturais endógenos); 2.) um que evidencia uma lógica de modernização ecológica (asserção top down da Estratégia Europa 2020 em função de maximização de financiamento); e 3.) um híbrido entre os dois primeiros. Segundo estes modelos, procurou-se contribuir para as políticas públicas com o mapeamento das 23 regiões, evidenciando discutir cenários de evolução da sustentabilidade e estratégias políticas daí decorrentes.<br>Sustainable development implies a balanced approach between the environmental, economic and social dimensions. However, the mobilization of such balance by political practices has always been a fragile and complex exercise, constrained at the political processes, by conflicting priorities and agendas. In the EU and Portugal as a Member State, such influence between political processes and practices is particularly pertinent in a framework of multilevel governance experimentation as a new paradigm and territory as a factor of rationality of public policies. In this sense, this dissertation analyzes the operational configurations of sustainable development which resulted from the first Integrated Territorial Development Strategies (ITDS) in Portugal for the 2014-2020 Community Cycle. Sustaining methodologically in the content analysis at 23 ITDS, it was concluded that sustainable development was mobilized according to three models: 1.) one that demonstrates the logic of territorial cohesion (bottom up projection of endogenous natural resources); 2.) one that demonstrates a logic of ecological modernization (top-down assertion of the Europe 2020 strategy in terms of maximizing funding); and 3.) a hybrid between the first two. According to these models, it was sought to contribute to the public policies with the mapping of the 23 regions, evidencing to discuss scenarios of evolution of the sustainability and the resulting political strategies.<br>N/A
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Rudqwist, Lucas, and Max Magnusson. "Framtidens reseplanerare : Hur man designar en mobil, dynamisk & multimodal reseplanerare." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188828.
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Detta arbete tar en titt in i framtidens möjligheter för mobila, dynamiska och multimodala reseplanerare. Detta genom att ställa frågorna: Hur kan en multimodal reseplaneringstjänst med data och information från befintliga resurser se ut och fungera i Stockholms län? Hur designar man en väl fungerande mobil resetjänst som förmedlar dynamiska multimodala transportvägar med god användbarhet? Vilken information och vilka system finns tillgängliga öppet och vilken information måste framtidens reseplanerare själv skapa? Genom skapandet av prototyper och användartester i tre steg knyter vi samman tidigare genomförd forskning med den faktiska data och information som finns tillgängligt öppen i Stockholms län. Detta för att visa hur framtidens reseplanerare kan komma att se ut och fungera. Den slutgiltiga designen visar hur morgondagens reseplanerare sömlöst och enkelt kommer kunna guida användaren att resa multimodalt genom att koppla ihop flera olika trafikinformationssystem, elektroniska betalsystem och smarta mobiltelefoners inbyggda resurser (så som t.ex. dess GPS/A-GPS). Som komplement till designförslaget presenterar vi de tre komponenterna som, enligt vår studie, är mest kritiska för att lyckas med framtidens reseplanerare.<br>This thesis takes a look at the future of mobile, dynamic and multimodal travel planners by asking the questions: How can a multimodal travel planner with data and information from existing resources be designed and function in Stockholm County? How do you design a well-functioning mobile travel planner that delivers dynamic multimodal travel with high usability? What information and what systems are publicly accessible today and what information must the future travel planner create by itself? By creating prototypes and by usability testing in three steps we tie previous research together with available data and information publicly accessible in Stockholm County. The goal of this is to show how a future travel planner can look and work. The final design of the travel planner of tomorrow shows how seamless and simple it will be to guide the user to multimodal travel. All this by connecting traffic information systems, electronic payment methods and smartphones built in resources (e.g. its GPS/A-GPS). As a complement to the design we present three key components that, according to this study, are the most critical to succeed with a future travel planner.
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Farzaneh, Kayvan. "A Comprehensive Survey to Identify System Concepts & ICT Requirements of IRAN Intelligent Transportation System (IRAN ITS)." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2621.
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<p>This thesis report describes the survey carried out in order to study the ITS practices in Sweden and Europe and indentifying their successes and failures as well as technical specifications. Furthermore, a requirement analysis work has been taken into account to identify the needs and requirements of ITS development in Iran from both business and technical aspects. This thesis aims to conclude and come up with a plan about the development strategy and system architecture of Iran ITS.</p>
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Bjurman, Maria, and Marika Olsson. "ITS som stöd för funktionshindrade bilförare : med fokus på förarstöd och säkerhet." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Informationsteknologi, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-1931.
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Denna rapport presenterar ett examensarbete på C-nivå där uppdragsgivaren har varit Hedemora Anpassning som bygger om och anpassar bilar för människor med olika funktionshinder. Företaget vill i framtiden ha möjlighet att erbjuda sina kunder ITS-tjänster. Målet med arbetet har varit att undersöka hur ITS skulle kunna stödja de funktionshindrade i deras bilkörning. Syftet delades upp i två delsyften, dels kartläggning av vilka tjänster som finns och är under utveckling inom området ITS – förarstöd och säkerhet samt hur de skulle kunna användas/anpassas för funktionshindrade dels att göra en undersökning av vilka behov de funktionshindrade har av ITS. De metoder som använts har varit kvalitativa intervjuer samt litteraturstudier. De senare har använts för att få inblick i ämnet ITS och tjänster som finns eller är under utveckling inom området. Intervjuerna gjordes med personer som endera arbetar med forskning inom ITS eller är verksamma inom området samt med funktionshindrade bilförare. En kartläggning av tjänster har skett och resultatet av intervjuerna pekar på att det finns ett behov av ITS-tjänster för funktionshindrade bilförare. Delvis finns behov av tjänster som redan finns i dag, till exempel navigationssystem. Det finns även behov av andra tjänster som är under utveckling. Gemensamt för dessa tjänster är att de i vissa fall skulle behöva anpassas till de funktionshindrade med röstanpassning eller andra specifika anpassningar.
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Conway, Steven Craig. "If it's in the game, it's in the game : an analysis of the football digital game and its players." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/241859.
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The focus of this thesis is the representation of football, as sport and culture, within the medium of the digital game. Analysing its three sub-genres - the televisual, the extreme and the management genre. This dissertation outlines how each configures, incorporates, rejects or ignores certain conventions, values and practices connected to the socio-cultural system of the sport, and the wider sport-media complex in its representational and ludic system. Though the marketing literature surrounding these games often makes claims to their simulational quality, these products will be shown to present very particular, dissimilar and above all ideologically loaded versions of the sport they claim to impartially represent. In an evolution of Baudrillard's (1983) concept of the simulacrum, these digital games will be revealed as euphemisms for sport, as inoffensive representations of something that may in reality be considered to offensive, or too harsh for inclusion into a marketable product. Also central to this thesis is the increasingly trans-medial nature of sport consumption, as the post-modern consumer does not simply distinguish between the various media he or she consumes and the 'reality' of the mediated object; indeed it is the mediation of the sport that now constitutes the dominant interpretation of its conventions and values. To quote John Fiske, the media no longer supply 'secondary representations of reality; they affect and produce the reality they mediate' (1994, p.xv).
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Trenkler, Silja, and Ida Carlsson. "It's Usable : En granskning av informationssystemet It's Learning utifrån ett användarvänligt perspektiv." Thesis, Karlstad University, Division for Culture and Communication, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-357.
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<p>Vi har valt att testa It’s Learning - ett informationssystem som tillhandahålls studenter vid Karlstads universitet för informationshantering. Från början var det tänkt som ett redskap vid distansutbildningar men det används mer och mer av campuskurser. Men hur användbart är det? Ställer användarna andra krav på ett användbart informationssystem än vad de teoretiska reglerna och normerna säger och på vilket sätt uppfyller It’s Learning de teoretiska respektive de användarbaserade kraven? Det är det vi har försökt ta reda på i denna uppsats. För att få svar på våra frågor började vi med att samla in teorier om vad som anses vara god användbarhet från litteratur och via säkra internetkällor. Utifrån dessa teoretiska normer och regler skapade vi ett antal kriterier som vi sedan testade på It’s Learning. Dessa kriterier var bland annat hur man bäst uppnår god läsbarhet och hur en länk ska se ut och fungera för bästa möjliga navigation. Vid en genomgång av It’s Learning upptäcktes en del teoretiska brister. Några av dessa användes sedan i vårt användartest för att se om de även var brister ur användarsynpunkt. Dessa resultat analyserade vi sedan utifrån de teorier som vi funnit i litteratur och genom vår egen förståelse i ämnet. I slutsatsen visar vi exempel på hur It’s Learning till exempel kan förbättra sin sökfunktion och att användartester och teoretiska normer och regler kompletterar varandra mycket bra.</p><br><p>It’s Learning is an information system used on the University of Karlstad, by primarily students who study on a distance. It is also used nowadays by courses held at the university. We have chosen to work with this information system to see in what way we can amend the usability through theoretical and empirical studies, and in what way the students requirements differ from the requirements derived from the theoretical standards and rules. To answer these questions we started by collecting information about what literature and reliable internet sources say is good usability. From these theoretical standards and rules we created criterion that we later on tested on It’s Learning. For example how to achieve good readability and how to make a link functional both visibly and navigation wise. Looking through It’s Learning we discovered some theoretical shortages. We used some of these shortages in the user test to see whether they were also shortages user wise. We analyzed the results by going through the theoretical standards and rules and by our own understanding of the subject. In the conclusion, for example, we show how It’s Learning can meliorate their search engine and also how well theoretical studies and user tests work together to improve usability.</p>
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Melo, Laryssa da Silva. "Identificação molecular e produção de enzimas celulolíticas por Trichoderma spp." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2009. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/2254.
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Previous issue date: 2009-10-14<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>Trichoderma are anamorphic fungi belonging to the class of Hifomicetos, also called
imperfect fungi, or asexual conidial and whose gender Hypocrea teleomorph. They are
free-living fungi, distributed throughout the world and found in different soil
temperatures, especially those containing organic matter. Usually are not considered
important human pathogens, but there are some reports indicating occasional
pathogenicity of some species. Its easy handling and in vitro, stability and viability of
colonies preserved this kind are a big target for biotechnology research. Because of
these characteristics were isolated Trichoderma from plant Victoria amazonica, Rollinia
sp. Murraya paniculata and Strychnos cogens; wood Scleronema micranthum, known
as cardeiro; jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril), land of cubiu culture (Solanum sessiliflorum)
and Indian black earth, in order to identify the molecular biology, the species level, such
isolates and to assess their ability to produce cellulolytic enzymes. Of the 30 lines
obtained were cultured spore, which were preserved in mineral oil, Castellani and
method in 10% glycerol. From the suspension in glycerol, each sample was inoculated
in 20ml of 10μL BD and cultivated 26oC, 100 rpm for 40:00 h. Next was extracted
genomic DNA, performed PCR of specific regions of the ITS-1 and ITS-2 ribosomal
DNA sequencing and subsequently. For the production of enzymes, the isolates were
first grown in induction medium. Were inoculated 10μL of spore solution (glycerol
10%) in 50 mL of solution Manachini where the substratum was used to
carboxymethylcellulose. The fungi were incubated at 27 ° C, 120 rpm for 120 hours.
The dosage of CMCase was performed using the method of acid Dinitrosalicílico. For
the determination of β-glucosidase was used p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside
(PNPG) as substrate for the enzyme. The total protein concentration was determined by
the Bradford method, using the reagent concentrate commercial Bio-RadTM and bovine
serum albumin (ASB) as standard. The result of molecular identification of the first 13
samples revealed the species: T. harzianum, T. koningii, T. asperellum, T. viride, T.
ovaslisporum, T. hamatum, T. piluliferum and T. koningiopsis, with a percentage
between 96 and 99% identity and 100% reliability. The results indicated CMCase
enzyme to low values, less than 0.100 U / mL with the exception of T. koningii (MPCE
10 3.2), T. harzianum (MPCE 2 2.2a), both isolates of M. paniculata, and isolate 1437
identified as Trichoderma sp., from Indian black earth, which showed slightly higher
levels of 0.112 and 0.103 and 0.105 U / mL, respectively. For β-glucosidase, the results
showed high activity in the vast majority of isolates with emphasis on T. harzianum
MPCE 3 3.1 (10.45 U / mL) and T. piluliferum Vrc 2 3.2 (9.71 U / mL). All isolates
produced protein in culture medium containing carboxymethylcellulose as substrate
inducer<br>Trichoderma são fungos anamórficos pertencentes à classe dos hifomicetos, também
chamados fungos imperfeitos, assexuais ou conidiais e que têm como teleomorfo o
gênero Hypocrea. São fungos de vida livre, distribuídos em todo o mundo e encontrados
em solos de diversas temperaturas, especialmente naqueles que contém matéria
orgânica. Geralmente não são considerados importantes patógenos humanos, mas
existem alguns relatos indicando patogenicidade ocasional em algumas espécies. Sua
fácil manipulação e cultivo in vitro, estabilidade e viabilidade das colônias preservadas,
fazem desse gênero um grande alvo para as pesquisas biotecnológicas. Por tais
características, foram isolados Trichoderma das plantas Victoria amazonica, Rollinia
sp., Murraya paniculata e Strychnos cogens; da madeira Scleronema micranthum,
conhecida como cardeiro; de jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril), do solo de cultura de cubiu
(Solanum sessiliflorum) e de terra preta de índio, com o objetivo de identificar, pela
biologia molecular, em nível de espécie, tais isolados, bem como avaliar sua capacidade
de produção de enzimas celulolíticas. Das 30 linhagens obtidas foram realizadas
culturas monospóricas, as quais foram preservadas em óleo mineral, método Castellani
e em glicerol 10%. A partir da suspensão em glicerol, de cada amostra foi inoculado
10μL em 20mL de BD e cultivado a 26oC, a 100 rpm por 40:00h. Em seguida foi
extraído o DNA genômico, deste realizada a PCR específica para as regiões ITS-1 e
ITS-2 do DNA ribossômico e posteriormente o sequenciamento. Para a produção de
enzimas, os isolados foram previamente cultivados em meio indutor. Foram inoculados
10μL da solução de esporos (Glicerol 10%) em 50mL de solução de Manachini onde o
substrato indutor utilizado foi a carboximetilcelulose. Os fungos foram incubados a
27°C, 120 rpm durante 120 horas. A dosagem de CMCase foi efetuada com base no
método do Ácido Dinitrosalicílico. Para a dosagem de β-glucosidase foi utilizado o pnitrofenil-
β-D-Glucopiranosídeo (pNPG) como substrato para a enzima. A concentração
de proteínas totais foi determinada pelo método de Bradford, utilizando-se o reagente
concentrado comercial da Bio-RadTM e albumina de soro bovino (ASB), como padrão.
O resultado da identificação molecular das primeiras 13 amostras nos revelaram as
espécies: T. harzianum, T. koningii, T. asperellum, T. viride, T. ovaslisporum, T.
hamatum, T. piluliferum e T. koningiopsis, com um percentual entre 96 e 99% de
identidade e 100% de confiabilidade. Os resultados enzimáticos para CMCase
indicaram valores baixos, inferiores a 0,100 U/mL com exceção de T. koningii (MPCe
10 3.2), T. harzianum (MPCe 2 2.2a), ambos isolados de M. paniculata, e o isolado
1437 identificado como Trichoderma sp., proveniente de terra preta de índio, que
apresentaram valores um pouco mais altos de 0,112 e 0,103 e 0,105 U/mL,
respectivamente. Para β-glucosidase, os resultados apresentados mostraram alta
atividade na grande maioria dos isolados com destaque para T. harzianum MPCe 3
3.1(10,45U/mL) e T. piluliferum Vrc 2 3.2 (9,71 U/mL). Todos os isolados produziram
proteínas em meio de cultura contendo carboximetilcelulose como substrato indutor
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Novello, Mariana. "Filogenia molecular e delimitação de espécies no gênero Brasiliorchis (MAXILLARIINAE, ORCHIDACEAE)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11137/tde-22082013-160556/.
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O gênero Brasiliorchis inclui atualmente 14 espécies de orquídeas restritas ao bioma Mata Atlântica, ocorrendo desde Misiones, Argentina, até o Estado da Bahia, na região nordeste do Brasil.Embora estas espécies tenham sido tradicionalmente reconhecidas pelos seus caracteres vegetativos e principalmente florais, elas são morfologicamente muito similares e apresentam caracteres diagnósticos contínuos,assim, ousoexclusivo da morfologiapode não ser útil para identificação das espéciesneste grupo de orquídeas. Um estudo morfométrico anteriormente realizado com seis espécies deste gênero não conseguiu identificar agrupamentos claros. Amaioria dos caracteres analisados apresentou sobreposição entre diferentes espécies, sendo que apenas a espécie B. gracilisse mostrou distinta das demais. O objetivo desse estudo foi contribuir para aidentificação de linhagens evolutivamente distintas dentro do gênero e avaliar se os padrões filogenéticos de diversificação corroboram com o estudo morfométrico anteriormente realizado.Foram utilizados dados de sequências de plastídios (psbj-petA, atpl-atpH)e nucleares (ITS1-2) considerandoampla variação geográfica e morfológica observada no grupo. Foram amostrados 96 indivíduos,originados de 37 localidades de ocorrência no Brasil, incluindo 11 espéciesdo gênero. Análises de máxima parcimônia e bayesiana foram realizadas considerando os dados separadamente e concatenados.Os resultados suportam B. schunkeana como irmã de todas as outras espécies do gênero. B. barbozaefoi reconhecida como um grupo monofilético distinto, corroborando com os caracteres morfológicos diagnósticos desta espécie, e possivelmente irmão das espécies do complexo B. picta.A espécie B. gracilis não foi reconhecida como um grupo monofilético, não corroborando com o estudo de morfometria, na qual essa espécie se apresentou distinta das outras do complexo. Contudo, nas análises concatenadas alguns indivíduos apresentaram-se como irmãos das espécies do complexo B. picta. As espécies morfologicamente homogêneas pertencentes ao complexo B. picta (B. chrysantha, B. marginata, B. porphyrostele, B. ubatubana, B. phoenicanthera e B. picta) não formaram clados monofiléticos distintos. B. kautskyi e B. consanguinea, as quais são morfologicamente distintas, foram incluídas nos clados constituídos pelas espécies do complexo B. picta.Eventos de introgressão e hibridação podem ser potenciais causas da insuficiente resolução das árvores filogenéticas obtidas nesse estudo. Os padrões observados também sugerem que a separação das linhagens pode ter ocorrido recentemente e/ou rapidamente. Marcadores adicionais e análises de árvores de espécies podem ajudar a esclarecer os padrões de diversificação neste grupo.<br>The genus Brasiliorchis currently includes 14 species of orchids occurring mainly in the Atlantic Forest Biome, from Misiones, Argentina, to the stateof Bahia, in northeastern Brazil. Although these species have been traditionally recognized by vegetative andmainly floral traits, they are morphologically very similar and display continuouscharacters, thus the exclusive use of the morphologycannot be useful for species identificationin this group of orchids. A morphometric study previously conducted with six species of this genus could not identify clear groupings. The majority of analyzed characters showed overlap between different species, with only the species B. gracilisbeing distinct from the others. The goals of this study were to contribute to the identification of evolutionary distinct lineages within the genus and assess if the phylogenetic patterns of diversification agree with a previous morphometric study available. Sequence data from plastid (psbj-petA, atpl-atpH) and nuclear (ITS1-2)regions were used considering wide morphological and geographical sampling variation. We sampled 96 individuals, originated from 37 sites of occurrence in Brazil, including 11 species of the genus. Bayesian and parsimony analyses were performed considering data separately and concatenated. The results support B. schunkeana as sister to all other species of the genus. B. barbozaewasrecognized as a monophyletic group,corroborating with morphological diagnostic characters of this species,and possibly sisters of the complex species B. picta.The species B. gracilis was not recognized as a monophyletic group, not agreeing with the morphometry study, which showed this species as being distinct from the other species in the complex. However, in the concatenated analysis, some individuals presented themselves as sisters of the species complex B. picta. The morphologically homogeneous species belonging to the B. picta complex (B. chrysantha, B. marginata, B. porphyrostele, B. ubatubana, B. phoenicanthera e B. picta) did not form distinct monophyletic clades. B. kautskyi and B. consanguinea, which are morphologically clearly distinct, are embedded in clades consisting of the B. pictaspecies complex.Hybridization and introgression events may be potential causes of insufficient resolution of phylogenetic trees obtained in this study. The observed patterns also suggest that the separation of the lineage may have occurred recently and/or quickly.Additional markers and species tree analyses may help clarify diversification patterns in this group.
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Oliveira, Rafael José Vilela de. "Diversidade e identificação de fungos endofíticos em folhas de Cocos nuciferaL., em Goiana Pernambuco, com base em morfologia e sequências de rDNA." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11904.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-26<br>Fungos endofíticos são micro-organismos que habitam o interior da planta hospedeira, sem causar danos aparentes ou estruturas externas visíveis. O coqueiro (Cocos nucifera L.) é uma espécie tropical, largamente distribuída na Ásia, África, América Latina e regiões do Pacífico, sendo o Brasil o quarto maior produtor mundial. Devido à importância agroeconômica do coco, este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a micobiota endofítica de folhas sadias de C. nucifera em duas cultivares (Anão-amarelo e Anão-verde) e um híbrido (PB 121) em Goiana, Pernambuco. No laboratório, fragmentos de raque e folíolo foram lavados com água corrente e sabão neutro, e com auxílio de um furador esterilizado foram feitos discos foliares (6 mm), posteriormente desinfestados em álcool 70% por 1 minuto, em hipoclorito de sódio (NaOCl) a 2% por 2 minutos e 30 segundos, em álcool 70% por 30 segundos e finalmente duas lavagens com água destilada esterilizada. Os fragmentos foram tranferidos para placa de Petri, em triplicata, contendo Batata-Dextrose-Ágar (BDA) acrescido de cloranfenicol (50 mg.L-1). Foram sequenciados a região ITS do rDNA dos isolados e em seguida verificada a similaridade Blastn e realizada análises filogenéticas. Índices de diversidade, curva de acumulação de espécies, similaridade e frequência de ocorrência foram calculados. O total de 1296 fragmentos de folhas/raques foram analizados e 474 espécimes de fungos endofíticos foram isolados e distribuídos em 31 gêneros e 37 espécies. A espécies identificadas são representantes do filo Ascomycota, pertencentes às classes Sordariomycetes, Dothideomycetes e Eurotiomycetes, além de Occultifur externus, Rhodotorula marina e Pseudozyma hubeiensis anamorfos do filo Basidiomycota e Syncephalastrum racemosum do filo Zygomycota. Arthrinium xenocordella, Ascotricha guamenses, Phlyctaeniella sp., Pyrenochaetopsis decipiens, P. leptospora e Stenella musae são citadas pela primeira vez como endofíticos. Fusarium proliferatum, F. solani e Paecilomyces lilacinus são reportadas pela primeira vez como endofíticos em Cocos nucifera.
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Wang, Jiahao. "Vehicular Traffic Flow Prediction Model Using Machine Learning-Based Model." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42288.
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Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have attracted an increasing amount of attention in recent years. Thanks to the fast development of vehicular computing hardware, vehicular sensors and citywide infrastructures, many impressive applications have been proposed under the topic of ITS, such as Vehicular Cloud (VC), intelligent traffic controls, etc. These applications can bring us a safer, more efficient, and also more enjoyable transportation environment. However, an accurate and efficient traffic flow prediction system is needed to achieve these applications, which creates an opportunity for applications under ITS to deal with the possible road situation in advance. To achieve better traffic flow prediction performance, many prediction methods have been proposed, such as mathematical modeling methods, parametric methods, and non-parametric methods. It is always one of the hot topics about how to implement an efficient, robust and accurate vehicular traffic prediction system.
With the help of Machine Learning-based (ML) methods, especially Deep Learning-based (DL) methods, the accuracy of the prediction model is increased. However, we also noticed that there are still many open challenges under ML-based vehicular traffic prediction model real-world implementation. Firstly, the time consumption for DL model training is relatively huge compared to parametric models, such as ARIMA, SARIMA, etc. Second, it is still a hot topic for the road traffic prediction that how to capture the special relationship between road detectors, which is affected by the geographic correlation, as well as the time change. The last but not the least, it is important for us to implement the prediction system in the real world; meanwhile, we should find a way to make use of the advanced technology applied in ITS to improve the prediction system itself.
In our work, we focus on improving the features of the prediction model, which can be helpful for implementing the model in the real word. Firstly, we introduced an optimization strategy for ML-based models' training process, in order to reduce the time cost in this process. Secondly, We provide a new hybrid deep learning model by using GCN and the deep aggregation structure (i.e., the sequence to sequence structure) of the GRU. Meanwhile, in order to solve the real-world prediction problem, i.e., the online prediction task, we provide a new online prediction strategy by using refinement learning. In order to further improve the model's accuracy and efficiency when applied to ITS, we provide a parallel training strategy by using the benefits of the vehicular cloud structure.
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Silva, Rodrigo. "ITS-based decision making mechanism for opportunistic networking in heterogeneous network environment." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IMTA0174.
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Le nombre de véhicules connectés augmentent et pour une utilisation plus intelligente des systèmes de transport, les véhicules ont besoin d’accroître leur connaissance de l’environnement. Cela peut être atteint en permettant aux véhicules de communiquer avec leur environnement. Pour une connectivité omniprésente, il sera nécessaire d’utiliser diverses technologies sans fil, existantes. Dans un tel environnement de réseau d’accès hétérogène, il est nécessaire de fournir aux applications des mécanismes décisionnels transparents pour gérer l’affectation des flux de données sur les réseaux disponibles. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons le Ant-based Decision Maker for Opportunistic Networking (AD4ON), un Decision Maker (DM) mécanisme modulaire capable de choisir le meilleur profil de communication disponible pour chaque fluxde données dans un environnement de réseau hétérogène et dynamique. Le mécanisme proposé gère les exigences et préférences de différents acteurs (applications, utilisateurs,etc.), ainsi que les information réseaux dans un futur proche, afin de prendre des décisions plus intelligentes. C’est-à-dire, afin d’augmenter la satisfaction de chaque acteur impliqué dans le processus de communication, ainsi que d’augmenter la stabilité de la décision (par exemple, en réduisant l’effet “ping-pong“)<br>Demand from different actors for extended connectivity where vehicles can exchange data with other devices have pushed vehicle manufacturers to invest in embedded solutions, which paves the way towards Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS). Cooperative vehicles enable the development of an ecosystem of services around them. Due to the heterogeneousness of such services and their specific requirements, for ubiquitous connectivity it is necessary to combine existing wireless technologies, providing applications with a communication architecture that hides such underlying access technologies specificities. Moreover, due to vehicles’ high velocity it is needed a Decision Maker (DM) mechanism capable to take into account the short-term prevision about network environment in order to better manage all flow communications. Based on the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) architecture proposed by International Organization for Standardization (ISO), we proposed the Ant-based Decision Maker for Opportunistic Networking (AD4ON), a modular decision maker mechanism capable to choose the best available access network for each data flow in an heterogeneous and dynamic network environment. The proposed mechanism manages requirements and preferences from different actors, taking into account the short-term prevision about the network environment. Simulations have demonstrated that the AD4ON outperforms current benchmark algorithms, by increasing decision’s stability, reducing the “ping-pong” effect and maximizing flow’s satisfaction. Moreover, we demonstrate that taking into account the short-term prevision, the AD4ON can optimize the algorithm reaction time
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Bendele, Kylie Gayle. "Molecular characterization of Theileria spp. using ribosomal RNA." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2649.
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The molecular characterization of twenty six Theileria spp. isolates and one C. felis isolate were done on the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene, the 5.8S gene, and the two internal transcribed spacer regions using gDNA. The SSU rRNA gene is increasingly accepted as a widely used marker for characterization, taxonomic classification, and phylogenetic analysis and this gene has been sequenced from a variety of different organisms, resulting in a large database for sequence comparisons (Chae et al. 1998; Chae et al., 1999 a,b,c; Stockham et al., 2000; Cossio-Bayugar et al., 2002; Gubbels et al., 2000). The genomic region consists of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS 1), the 5.8S gene, and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS 2) (ITS 1-5.8S-ITS 2 gene region) and separates the SSU rRNA gene from the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene. The 5.8S rRNA gene is highly conserved in size and nucleotide sequence, is relatively constant in molecular weight, and has an average chain length of approximately 160 nucleotides and has proven useful in dividing subgenera of Gyrodactylus ((Nazar, 1984; Zietara et al., 2002).
Pairwise comparisons were done between the clones of an individual isolate and among the clones of the different isolates. Phylogenetic trees were made from the resulting sequences. This study shows that different SSU rRNA genes may be associated with ITS 1-5.8S-ITS 2 gene regions of distinct sequence in the same isolate. This study also demonstrates that considerable ITS 1-5.8S-ITS 2 gene region sequence variation may exist within a species. This may be useful for subspeciation designation, or may simply reflect considerable variation within the population. This study shows that the ITS 1-5.8S-ITS 2 gene region may be a useful molecular marker for the taxonomy of Theileria spp.
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Vasconcelos, RÃgis Fernandes. "Variabilidade da RegiÃo ITS-1 do Cluster RibossÃmico Nuclear em PopulaÃÃes de Ostras de TrÃs EstuÃrios da Costa Cearense." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2717.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico<br>ClassificaÃÃes taxonÃmicas de ostras sÃo problemÃticas, pois estes organismos possuem caracterÃsticas morfolÃgicas pouco informativas. A variabilidade da regiÃo ITS do cluster ibossÃmico tem sido bastante utilizada em estudos filogenÃticos e taxonÃmicos, visto que esta regiÃo apresenta uma variabilidade relativamente elevada e fÃcil amplificaÃÃo por termociclagem. A ostra Crassostrea brasiliana foi, por dÃcadas, confundida com C. rhizophorae, entretanto, estudos recentes indicam que sÃo duas
espÃcies biologicamente distintas. Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar a variabilidade da regiÃo ITS-1 de populaÃÃes de ostras C. rhizophorae em trÃs estuÃrios da costa do Estado do Cearà e investigar a presenÃa de uma segunda espÃcie de ostra pertencente ao gÃnero Crassostrea. Exemplares da ostra nativa C. cf. rhizophorae foram coletados nos estuÃrios da costa cearense para anÃlise de variabilidade populacional. Foram
coletados tambÃm espÃcimes de C. cf. brasiliana para estudo de filogenia e comparaÃÃo com o primeiro grupo de ostras. ApÃs extraÃÃo de DNA e amplificaÃÃo por PCR da regiÃo ITS-1, seqÃÃncias desta regiÃo foram obtidas para anÃlise filogenÃtica
realizada atravÃs dos mÃtodos de neighbour-joining e mÃxima parcimÃnia. SequÃncias de ITS-1 descritas no GenBank para 35 indivÃduos, representando 12 espÃcies de ostras do gÃnero Crassostrea, e mais duas seqÃÃncias de Saccostrea glomerata (grupo externo), foram utilizadas para os alinhamentos com as sequÃncias obtidas na presente pesquisa. A variabilidade intraespecÃfica de C.cf.rhizophorae foi estudada pelo mÃtodo
da mÃxima parcimÃnia. SeqÃÃncias inÃditas de ITS-1 completo foram obtidas para C.brasiliana e C.rhizophorae, com 427 e 439 pb, respectivamente. A Ãrvore de neighbour-joining evidenciou a clara separaÃÃo de C.cf.brasiliana e C.cf.rhizophorae em ramos distintos (100%), confirmando a ocorrÃncia de, pelo menos, duas espÃcies de Crassostrea no local de estudo. O estudo sugere a ocorrÃncia de C.brasiliana no Estado do CearÃ. Embora alguns autores tenham considerado C.brasiliana sinÃnimo de C.virginica, em nosso estudo, C.virginica mostrou-se muito mais prÃxima de C.rhizophorae, com forte agrupamento (100%). A Ãrvore de mÃxima parcimÃnia mostrou que as seqÃÃncias de C.cf.brasiliana e C.cf.rhizophorae formaram um grupo monofilÃtico com as demais espÃcies de Crassostrea em 100% das repetiÃÃes. C.cf.brasiliana apresentou-se na base do ramo monofilÃtico de Crassostrea e, portanto, foi o grupo mais prÃximo de S.glomerata. Esta Ãrvore tambÃm mostrou a separaÃÃo dos exemplares de C.cf.brasiliana e C.cf.rhizophorae em ramos distintos (100%), evidenciando o forte sinal filogenÃtico observado na anÃlise. Novamente, C.cf.rhizophorae mostrou-se prÃxima de C.virginica. A anÃlise de mÃxima parcimÃnia para variabilidade intraespecÃfica de C.cf.rhizophorae nos trÃs estuÃrios estudados mostrou a formaÃÃo de 7 diferentes sequÃncias para C.cf.rhizophorae. A ligaÃÃo entre as sequÃncias encontradas sugere a presenÃa de fluxo gÃnico entre as populaÃÃes estudadas e a ocorrÃncia de sequÃncias exclusivas pode indicar a formaÃÃo de populaÃÃes residentes em cada um dos estuÃrios analisados. A regiÃo ITS-1 mostrou-se ideal para estudos de filogenia de ostras e estudos de variabilidade gÃnica populacional. A confirmaÃÃo de uma segunda espÃcie de ostra pertencente ao gÃnero Crassostrea na costa cearense à relevante para uma melhor gestÃo destes recursos, que possuem grande importÃncia ecolÃgica, econÃmica e social para nosso Estado.<br>Taxonomic classifications of oysters are problematic, because these bodies have little morphological information. The variability of the ITS region of the cluster ibossÃmico has been used in phylogenetic and taxonomic studies, since this region presents a relatively high variability and easy amplification by thermocycling. The oyster Crassostrea brasiliana was, by decades, confused with C. rhizophorae However, recent studies indicate that two biologically distinct species. This study aimed to analyze the variability of ITS-1 region of oyster populations of C. rhizophorae in three estuaries on the coast of Cearà State and investigate the presence of a second species of oysters belonging to the genus Crassostrea. Copies of the native oyster C. cf. rhizophorae were collected in the estuaries of the coast of Cearà for the analysis population ariability. Were also collected specimens of C. cf. brasiliana for study of phylogeny and compared with the first group of oysters. After extraction of DNA and amplification by PCR of the ITS-1 region, this region sequences were obtained for phylogenetic analysis performed by the methods of neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony. ITS-1 sequences described in GenBank for 35 individuals representing 12 species of oysters of the genus Crassostrea and two sequences of Saccostrea glomerata (external group) were used for the alignments with the sequences obtained in this study. The intraspecific variability of C.cf.rhizophorae was studied by the method of maximum parsimony. Unpublished sequences of ITS-1 were obtained for full C.brasiliana and C.rhizophorae with 427 and 439 bp, respectively. The neighbor-joining tree, showed the clear separation of C.cf.brasiliana and C.cf.rhizophorae in
separate branches (100%), confirming the occurrence of at least two species of Crassostrea place of study. The study suggests the occurrence of C.brasiliana in the state of CearÃ. Although some authors have considered C.brasiliana synonymous with C.virginica in our study, C.virginica was very close to C.rhizophorae, with a strong group (100%). The tree of maximum parsimony showed that the sequences of C.cf.brasiliana and C.cf.rhizophorae formed a monophyletic group with other species of Crassostrea in 100% of replicates. C.cf.brasiliana presented on the basis of branch of Crassostrea monophyletic and, therefore, was the group nearest S.glomerata. This tree also showed the separation of the copies of C.cf.brasiliana and C.cf.rhizophorae in different branches (100%), showing the strong signal observed in the phylogenetic analysis. Again, C.cf.rhizophorae showed up near C.virginica. The maximum parsimony analysis of intraspecific variability of C.cf.rhizophorae for the three estuaries studied showed the formation of 7 different sequences for C.cf.rhizophorae. The connection between the sequences found suggests the presence of gene flow between populations and the occurrence of unique sequences may indicate the formation of resident populations in each of the estuaries examined. The region ITS-1 proved to be ideal for studies of phylogeny of oysters and studies of population genetic variability. Confirmation of a second species of oysters belonging to the genus Crassostrea in Cearà coast is important for better management of these resources, which have important ecological, economic and social to our state.
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REGUEIRA, NETO Marcos da Silveira. "Análise estrutural, aplicação filogenética e barcode do ITS 2 na broca pequena da cana-de-açúcar Diatraea spp (Lepidoptera)." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/12495.
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Previous issue date: 2014<br>FACEPE<br>No Brasil as espécies D. flavipennella e D. saccharalis tem uma grande importância para o setor sucroalcooleiro por causar danos em cana-de-açúcar. Os estágios de ovo, larva, pupa e adulto são muito parecidos entre essas espécies e a identificação pode ser confusa. O Espaçador Interno Transcrito 2 (ITS2) do locus DNA ribossomal, que tem um papel importante no processamento do DNAr, vem sendo aplicado em estudos filogenéticos e populacionais por ter como característica divergência evolutiva. Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender o grau de divergência evolutiva entre as espécies D. flavipennella e D. saccharalis com base no marcador ITS 2, analisar sua estrutura e características funcionais. O DNA foi extraído de amostras de ovo, lagarta e adulto. Foi realizada PCR e os amplicons foram purificados e sequenciados. As sequências foram analisadas com o programa MEGA 5.01. O tamanho do ITS 2 foi de 410 pb em D. flavipennella e 448 pb em D. saccharalis. O conteúdo de GC foi similar entre as duas espécies. As sequências apresentaram regiões conservadas intercaladas por regiões variáveis. Algumas regiões conservadas apresentavam motivos presentes também em espécies de diferentes grupos, provavelmente associados às estruturas participantes no processamento do RNA pós-transcricional. Três repetições microssatélites estavam presentes em D. saccharalis e ausentes em D. flavipennella, contribuindo para a diferença de tamanho entre as duas espécies. Apesar da divergência existente entre as sequências das espécies, existem regiões que são conservadas em níveis taxonômicos mais altos.
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Bodo, Slotta Tracey A. "Phylogenetic Analysis of Iliamna (Malvaceae) Using the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33211.
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The genus Iliamna Greene has a taxonomically complex history. Since its desciption in 1906, the genus was not recognized for some time, several species were initially placed into other genera, and the species status of a few was questioned. Today, eight species of Iliamna are recognized. Six species are located in western North America and two are found isolated to the east. Species in Iliamna are very similar morphologically with only a few characters distinguishing several as separate entities. The need for systematic study became apparent since all but one species are considered rare or endangered. Also, the differentiation between two endangered species, I. corei and I. remota, was unclear in a previous study using random amplified polymorphic DNA fragments. Of the western species, four overlap in distribution (I. crandallii, I grandi ora, I. longisepala, and I. rivularis) and their recognition as separate species has been questioned. The focus of this study was to develop a phylogeny for Iliamna using sequences from the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal
RNA genes in order to determine its biogeographical and evolutionary history. Cladistic analysis was performed and the resulting phylogeny is presented. The ITS data provide new insights in the origination of the genus and its distribution. In Iliamna, the ITS region is 677 base pairs long with 120 sites providing information in the formation of phylogenetic trees. Iliamna forms a well-supported clade distinct from related genera and is monophyletic. Three well-supported groups are formed. One contains representatives from the Pacific Northwest. Another contains all of the remaining species with the third clade nested therein. This last clade contains the two eastern species, I. corei and I. remota, but there is not enough variability to support the divergence of these taxa as distinct species. There is also not sufficient variability in the ITS region to identify the western species I. crandallii, I. grandi ora, I. longisepala and I. rivularis as distinct entities.<br>Master of Science
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Cheng, Yuan-Teng. "Algorithm and intelligent tutoring system design for ladder logic programming." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1449.
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Meireles, Jose Eduardo de Carvalho. "Revisão taxonomica e filogenia de Poecilanthe s.l. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Brongniartieae)." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314808.
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Previous issue date: 2007<br>Resumo: Poecilanthe (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Brongniartieae) é em gênero sul-americano que inclui atualmente dez espécies. A heterogeneidade morfológica e química encontrada em Poecilanthe dificulta sua circunscrição e coloca em dúvida sua monofilia. Além disso, limites interespecíficos imprecisos e falta de chave de identificação dificultam o reconhecimento das espécies. Este trabalho tem como objetivos testar a monofilia de Poecilanthe e estabelecer as relações entre suas espécies, bem como revisar a taxonomia do gênero. Para tanto, uma análise filogenética de máxima parcimônia baseada em caracteres morfológicos e seqüências de ITS/5.8S (nrDNA) foi realizada. Como subsídio para a análise cladística, foi feito um estudo sobre a morfologia das sementes e embriões de Poecilanthe, que resultou no reconhecimento de quatro padrões distintos de morfologia. Os resultados da filogenia mostram que Poecilanthe não é um gênero monofilético, sendo composto por três clados parafiléticos em relação à tribo. Estes três clados foram caracterizados morfologicamente e considerados como gêneros distintos. Poecilanthe é recircunscrito para incluir apenas as espécies extra-amazônicas (Poecilanthe s.s.), compreendendo então seis espécies. O gênero Amphiodon é restabelecido, e P. ovalifolia combinada neste. Um gênero novo é descrito para incluir P. amazonica e P. hostmannii. Cada um destes gêneros foi tratado taxonomicamente, constando em cada tratamento descrições, ilustrações e chave para a identificação das espécies<br>Abstract: The genus Poecilanthe (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Brongniartieae) currently comprises ten South-American species. The morphological and chemical diversity that is found within this genus renders its circumscription imprecise and brings Poecilanthe¿s monophyly into question. This work aims to test the monophyly of Poecilanthe and to revise the taxonomy of the genus. A parsimony analysis based on both morphological and ITS/5.8S data was carried out. In order to provide characters to the cladistic analysis, the morphology of the seeds and embryos of Poecilanthe was analyzed, and resulted in the identification of four different morphological patterns. The phylogeny does not support Poecilanthe as monophyletic, but resolves three different well-supported lineages that are paraphyletic with respect to the tribe. These clades are morphologically characterized and ranked at the generic level. Poecilanthe is recircumscribed to include the six extra-Amazonian species only. The genus Amphiodon is reinstated and P. ovalifolia is combined. Poecilante amazonica and P. hostmannii are segregated into a new genus. Each genus was revised and descriptions, illustrations and identification key for the species are presented.<br>Mestrado<br>Biologia Vegetal<br>Mestre em Biologia Vegetal
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Giertl, Juraj. "Emulace infrastrukturní jednotky pro systém inteligentní dopravy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377101.
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The thesis deals with the study of communication models for cooperative intelligent transport systems and the development of the application used for testing. The ETSI ITS-G5 and IEEE 1609.x DSRC/WAVE comunication stacks were compared to standartizes layered ISO/OSI reference model. The basic principes of comunication in inteligent transport systems are described for each model. Besides that the common messages structures for defining alert messages, the intersection geometry and trafic lights signals are described in further detail. Based on these structures and other requirements, an application is created that allows easy definition of alert messages, intersection geometry and its traffic light states.
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Sutherland, Alan G. "Synthetic application of diketene and 3,3'-thiodipropanoic acid." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327881.
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Serafinowicz, Olivier. "Marking words : an approach to a transcendental in re-play." Thesis, University of Essex, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279321.
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Rain, Holly. "Clyde Fitch's dramatisations of gender and society on the fin de siècle stage." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2018. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/24036/.
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Clyde Fitch was the most successful Broadway dramatist of his time. Following his considerable popularity and success with American audiences, Fitch saw his plays staged across the globe, and particularly in London. His female-led dramas of contemporary life, though popular with audiences in his own time, received scant praise and often censure from the playwright's critics, both in America and the UK. Writing and producing plays from 1890 until his death in 1909, Fitch's plays, and the critical discourse surrounding his productions, intervened in fin de siècle debates concerning gender, sexuality, and fears of moral degeneration. Influenced in construction, technique, and stage-craft by French naturalism, Fitch's plays utilised theories of heredity and social Darwinism to explain the psychological motivations of his characters. Central to the narrative of each play, however, was the conflicting message that individual will and strength of character is of greater importance than genetic or social circumstance. Rather than following theatrical convention in punishing the liars, flirts, suffragettes, and fallen women of his plays, Fitch encouraged the sympathies of his audiences with these morally ambiguous characters and insisted, wherever possible, upon happy endings that drew the ire of the conservative male press. Fundamentally, these productions contradicted American and British ideologies rooted in the notion that national prosperity could only be secured through the marriage and propagation of white men and women of 'good breeding'. The gendered biases of Fitch's critics, I argue, often led to dislocated interpretations of his heroines, and to the wilful dismissal of a body of work which successfully marketed marginalised configurations, encouraging inclusivity and acceptance over fear and social division.
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Liang, Tianning. "Performance Evaluation of a LEO Mobile Satellite System Integrated with Intelligent-Transportation-System Networks." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32028.
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In Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), the unavailable Road Side Unit (RSU) becomes an increasing serious safety-related problem because of its important role in ITS. However, there is no existing method to solve this problem effectively and stably nowadays. To solve the unavailable RSU problem, a novel 2-tier integrated communication system is proposed in this thesis to address the issue of unavailable RSU in ITS. Compared to some other solutions proposed in the previous research works, which mostly focus on improving the system performance by adjusting parameters of vehicular ad-hoc network among vehicles, the proposed 2-tier communication network, called ITS-LEO Integrated System (ILIS), is composed of conventional ITS system and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) mobile satellite system (MSS), where the LEO MSS is utilized as the complementary network when the RSU is unavailable. Since the LEO MSS primary message will get affected when overflowing messages from ITS to LEO MSS, we prioritize LEO MSS primary message over the overflowed message to minimize the effect, which is based on that the emergency message (EMsg) is given higher priority over routine message (RMsg) to get access to the channel in ITS. To optimize the utility of network resource, two different overflowing mechanisms are proposed in ILIS to improve system efficiency under different traffic density. Furthermore, we propose a bandwidth reservation protection mechanism for ILIS to increase the ITS network performance. A real-time simulation program in C++ is developed to evaluate the performance of ILIS in terms of Packet Loss Rate (PLR) and Delay, and simulation results show that adding LEO MSS as a complementary network to ITS is an effective way to solve the problem of an unavailable RSU.
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Glynn, Basil. "It's a wrap! : a developmental study of the Mummy in film from its origins to the fifties." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415911.
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Isaac, Jaimie Lyn. "Decolonizing curatorial practice : acknowledging Indigenous curatorial praxis, mapping its agency, recognizing it's aesthetic within contemporary Canadian art." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58182.
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For decades, Indigenous art, artifacts and objects have had a contested history within galleries and museums. This is because Indigenous material culture was collected, interpreted, displayed and described through a Western colonial ideology, without Indigenous consent, intellectual or cultural contributions. The history represented in galleries and museums was deficient and perpetuated harmful myths and systemic racism. In order to substantiate change and demand for Indigenous leadership, it is necessary to understand the reality of the Indian as a dehumanized population, whose voice and knowledge in historical narratives has been systematically undermined, undergrounded and dismissed. More than 150 years of ‘education’ in the residential school systems, and forcible separation from Indigenous cultural traditions in ceremony, life ways and language, has affected more than seven generations. In the late 60s and early 70s Indigenous peoples en masse united to confront the disconnection from their cultural knowledge and language, and became a time of cultural resurgence and Indigenous renaissance. Indigenous Curatorial Praxis developed to assert, advance and frame Indigenous art as contemporary and relevant. By providing an historical context for its development, my main thesis seeks to identify and acknowledge the agency and aesthetic of Indigenous curatorial praxis and methodology. Indigenous curatorial practice is a stream of contemporary curatorial practice and this research seeks to recognize Indigenous methods embodied within the larger practice. This thesis inquires what it means to decolonize and Indigenize museum, gallery, and exhibition spaces and demonstrate how Indigenous curatorial contributions have affected the Canadian artistic landscape. The contextual genesis of my philosophy is rooted in a framework of Indigenous knowledge, decolonizing methods and my Anishnaabe-Indigenous familial, curatorial and artistic knowledge.<br>Graduate Studies, College of (Okanagan)<br>Graduate
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Basílio, Andreia Alexandra de Carvalho. "Avaliação das comunidades de fungos endofíticos em duas castas de videiras do Alentejo com diferentes suscetibilidades a doenças do lenho." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/29961.
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As doenças do lenho são das mais importantes doenças associadas à videira. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal estudar as diferenças da diversidade dos fungos endofíticos e patogénicos e a suscetibilidade de duas cultivares distintas: Trincadeira e Aragonez, em dois locais (A e B). Situadas na Região do Alentejo todas testadas em material lenhoso.
Os fungos endofíticos mais encontrados nas amostras de planta foi o pertencente ao género Alternaria, tanto para os dois locais como para as duas cultivares. Nos fungos patogénicos, os mais encontrados nas amostras das plantas foram os fungos das espécies Diplodia seriata, Botrytis cinerea e Rhizopus spp. Verificou-se que a cultivar Aragonez, no local A é menos suscetível às doenças do lenho, ao contrário do que acontece no local B, neste local a cultivar menos suscetível às doenças do lenho é a Trincadeira.
As espécies Botryosphaeria dothidea e Diplodia seriata são causadores das doenças do lenho; Evaluation of endophytic fungal communities in two grapevine cultivars from Alentejo Region showing different susceptibility to trunk diseases
Abstract:
Trunk diseases is one of the most important diseases of the grapevine. The main objective of this work was to study the differences in the diversity of endophytic and pathogenic fungi and the susceptibility of two cultivars: Trincadeira and Aragonez in two sites (A and B) located in Alentejo Region and all tested in woody material.
The most endophytic fungi found in the plant samples was, the one belonging to the genus Alternaria, for both sites and cultivars. For pathogenic fungi, the most found in the plant samples were the species Diplodia seriata, Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus spp. It was also found, that the cultivar Aragonez in the organic production mode is less susceptible to trunk diseases, unlike what happens in the conventional production mode. In this mode the cultivar Trincadeira is less susceptible to these diseases.
Wood diseases are caused by the species: Botryosphaeria dothidea and Diplodia seriata.
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Minkevič, Arina. "Intelektinių transporto sistemų, naudojamų žiemos kelių priežiūroje, analizė ir vertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140613_100716-02988.
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Baigiamajame magistro darbe yra nagrinėjamos Lietuvoje žiemos metu naudojamos intelektinės transporto sistemos. Didžiausias dėmesys yra skiriamas KOSIS trūkumo – nesugebėjimo prognozuoti – pašalinimui. Darbo tikslas yra išsiaiškinti, ar yra galimybė, pasinaudojus minėtos sistemos teikiamais duomenimis, prognozuoti kritulių pradžios laiką VĮ „Vilniaus regiono keliai" prižiūrimuose keliuose. Darbo aktualumui atskleisti yra aptarta kritulių prognozės svarba tiek eismo dalyviams tiek kelių priežiūros įmonėms ypač šaltuoju metų laiku. Tikslui pasiekti yra aprašoma tyrimo metodiką, kurios pagrindą sudaro vėjo, nešančio kritulių debesis, greitis. Greičiui apskaičiuoti yra pateikiami teoriniai pagrindai, padedantys pasirinkti atitinkamus parametrus šio dydžio nustatymui. Žinant debesų judėjimo greitį yra parengtos prognozės, kurių rezultatai gretinami su realiai užfiksuotais laiko intervalais. Atlikus tyrimą yra nustatyta, kokiu spinduliu yra tikslinga atlikti tokias prognozes ir kokiam laikotarpiui galima prognozuoti. Darbą sudaro 6 dalys: įvadas, literatūros apžvalga, Lietuvoje naudojamos intelektinės transporto sistemos kelių priežiūroje žiemą, klimatinių sąlygų prognozavimo tyrimas, išvados ir pasiūlymai, literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 71 p. teksto be priedų, 35 iliustracijos, 13 lentelės, 29 bibliografiniai šaltiniai. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai.<br>In this master thesis there are analysed intelligent transport systems used for winter road maintenance in Lithuania. The main attention is payed to Road Weather Information system. The aim of this thesis is to find out the posibility of forecasting the precipitation start time in Vilnius region using Road Weather stations information. All stations are located within a 200 km radius to the southwest of Vilnius region. At first there is a disputed importance of precipitation forecasting to drivers and road maintenance personnel especially during the winter season. In order to achieve the aim of this thesis, there are described forecasting method based on the wind speed. Also there is a theory that explains how to select basic parameters to calculate the wind speed. There are some forecasts made in this paperwork and their results are compared with real data. It helps to find out which stations are useful for further forecasting and what is the longest time of forecasting. The thesis includes 6 parts: introduction, survey of literature, Road Weather Information systems used for winter road maintenance in Lithuania, the reserach of weather forecasting, conclusions and suggestions, references. Pages - 71 p . text, 35 figures . , 13 tables . , 39 bibliographic sources . All appendixes are separately attached.
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Sibajev, Alexander. "Desenvolvimento de marcador molecular para o diagnóstico de variedades de leishmania circulantes na Região Norte do Brasil." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2005. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/3068.
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Previous issue date: 2005-12-14<br>The determination of the prevailing species responsible for American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) and the detection at species level of the varieties of the protozoan parasite agent of this endemic disease at the Amazon region are important for determination of the clinical evolution and to better indicate the therapeutic conduct due to the different
responses to chemotherapeutic drugs by the Leishmania species. By now we are not aware of an available test to Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis capable of detecting its intra-specific varieties obtained from human clinical presentations or from vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. We succeed to discriminate Leishmania (V.) guyanensis from Leishmania (V.) braziliensis and also from Leishmania (V.) panamensis through a polimerase chain reaction direct genomic DNA amplification aimed at the transcribed internal spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA). The positive reaction is visualized at the agarose gel electrophoresis by the presence of an aproximatedly 229 nucleotides size band for L. guyanensis that is absent for the two other species L. braziliensis and L. panamensis. The diagnosis can be done using culture material, skin biopsy or squashing the sand fly vector and having the DNA extracted. In a second step of the investigation, the ITS rDNA was sequenced in L. lainsoni; L. naiffi and four L. guyanensis strains, two of them presenting a muco-cutaneous form of Leishmaniasis. These sequences were compared to others available at the Genbank Database, confirming the previous data from multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and ITS restriction fragment lenght polymorphisms analysis, positioning L. lainsoni and L. naiffi as more divergent species as compared to L. braziliensis, L. panamensis and L. guyanensis species inside de Viannia sub-genus. A correlation was observed in grouping nearer the two L. guyanensis strains, respectively IM4243 and IM4235, responsible for the muco-cutaneous form. This protozoan belonging to sub-genus Viannia show clinical and epidemiological importance in South America north region, particularly the Amazon region and this study can be considered an advance in providing a tool to better understand the parasite species silvatic cycle and in providing tools to characterize the main species responsible for the clinical form presentation of tegumentary leishmaniasis in the human population at this region.<br>A determinação da espécie responsável pela Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana e a detecção específica das variedades do protozoário agente dessa doença endêmica na
Amazônia, é importante para determinação do comportamento clínico e indicação da conduta terapêutica, devido as diversas respostas aos quimioterápicos pelas espécies de Leishmania. No momento se desconhece um teste disponível para a Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis, que seja capaz também de incluir suas variedades intra-específicas obtidas de casos humanos e de hospedeiros e vetores silvestres. Neste trabalho se conseguiu discriminar alguns isolados de Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis, de Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis e também de Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis através da reação em cadeia da polimerase direcionada para a amplificação do espaçador transcrito interno (ITS) do gene do RNA ribossomal. A reação positiva é dada pela visualização de um fragmento amplificado de cerca de 229 nucleotídeos, para L. (V.) guyanensis e ausente para as outras duas espécies. O diagnóstico pode ser feito com o DNA extraído de cultivo do parasita, diretamente das amastigotas da borda de lesão cutânea ulcerada ou do vetor infectado pela
promastigota de Leishmania. Numa etapa seguinte a região ITS do rDNA foi sequenciada para L. lainsoni, L. naiffi e quatro cepas de L. guyanensis em que duas apresentavam forma muco-cutânea e duas outras a forma cutânea da leishmaniose. Essas sequências foram comparadas com as disponíveis em banco de dados como o Genbank, resultando na confirmação dos dados obtidos de variabilidade genética por outros autores, quando utilizada a técnica de isoenzimas e ITS-RFLP. O posicionamento de L. lainsoni e L. naiffi se mostrou mais divergente que L. guyanensis, L. braziliensis e L. panamensis, dentro do subgênero Viannia. Foi também encontrada uma relação de proximidade entre os isolados de L. guyanensis IM4243 e IM4235 apresentando lesão cutâneo-mucosa. As leishmânias do sub-gênero Viannia apresentam importância epidemiológica na América do Sul, sobretudo na região amazônica e esse estudo poder ser considerado importante ao desenvolver meios de diagnóstico específico do parasita, detectando sua presença em vetores e reservatórios silvestres em certas áreas e servindo como marcador para a principal espécie responsável pelas formas clínicas de leishmaniose nessa região.
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Sánchez, Nathalia Mejía. "Estudo filogeográfico de Chiropsalmus cf. quadrumanus (Cnidaria: Cubozoa) na Costa Brasileira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-23092011-090851/.
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Os Cubozoa são animais de águas tropicais e subtropicais ao redor do mundo. A cubomedusa Chiropsalmus cf. quadrumanus (Cubozoa: Chiropsalmidae) habita na costa Atlântica americana entre os 35°N e 27°S, uma área com barreiras putativas que poderiam impedir a distribuição contínua de C. cf. quadrumanus, tornando-se um modelo interessante para estudos de estrutura populacional e filogeografia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a estrutura haplotípica de quatro populações da C. cf. quadrumanus da costa brasileira. Nossas análises foram baseadas nos marcadores mitocondriais COI e 16S e a região nuclear ITS de 40 indivíduos provenientes de Ceará (03°43S 038°29W); Rio de Janeiro (22°37S 041°54W); São Paulo (23°26S 45°04 W) e Paraná (25°41\'S 048°25\'W), assim como por estudos morfométricos de 5 indivíduos de cada população. Análises filogenéticas e de redes de haplótipos de cada marcador revelaram uma profunda divergência gênica entre duas linhagens, Ceará - São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro - Paraná, dados estes corroborados por alguns caracteres das analises morfométricas. Nossos resultados sugerem que a espécie Chiropsalmus cf. quadrumanus é um complexo de espécies resultado da combinação entre taxonomia conservadora e especiação críptica. Estudos mais abrangentes que contenham espécimes de outros pontos da costa brasileira, incluída a localidade tipo (Santa Catarina, Müller, 1859), poderão verificar a existência de outras possíveis espécies crípticas e ampliar o conhecimento sobre a distribuição das duas linhagens encontradas neste estudo. As conseqüências taxonômicas do presente trabalho são importantes e ainda deverão ser trabalhadas. A falta de informação sobre a espécie, em conjunto com atitudes taxonômicas conservadoras e eventos de especiação críptica, não nos permitem delimitar as novas espécies com clareza. De qualquer maneira, nossos resultados revelam que há um complexo de espécies com o nome Chiropsalmus quadrumanus no Atlântico Americano. O presente trabalho constitui o primeiro estudo filogeográfico para qualquer espécie de cubozoário.<br>Cubozoans live in tropical and subtropical waters around the world. Chiropsalmus cf. quadrumanus (Cubozoa: Chiropsalmidae) inhabits the Atlantic coast of America between 35°N and 27°S, an area with putative barriers that could prevent the continuous distribution of C. cf. quadrumanus, turning the species an interesting model to study population structure and phylogeography. The aim of this work was to analyze the haplotype structure of four populations of C. cf. quadrumanus from the Brazilian coast. We carried out our analyses based on the COI and 16S mitochondrial markers and the nuclear ITS region of 40 individuals from Ceará (03°43S 038°29W); Rio de Janeiro (22°37S 041°54W); São Paulo (23°26S 45°04 W) and Paraná (25°41\'S 048°25\'W), as well by morphometric surveys of 5 individuals from each population. Phylogenetic and haplotype network analyses of each marker reveled a deep genetic divergence between two lineages, Ceará - São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro - Paraná, this data were corroborated by some characters of the morphometrical analyses. Our results suggest that the species Chiropsalmus cf. quadrumanus is a complex of species resulting of the mixture of over-conservative taxonomy and cryptic speciation. More inclusive studies containing specimens from other points of the Brazilian coast, including the type locality (Santa Catarina, Müller, 1859),could verify the existence of other possible cryptic species and increase the knowledge about the distribution of the two lineages found in this study. The taxonomic consequences of this survey are important and should be overwrought. Lack of information about the species, conservative taxonomic attitudes and cryptic speciation events prevent us to delimit new species clearly. However, our results revealed a species complex named Chiropsalmus quadrumanus in the Atlantic coast of America. The present work represents the first phylogeographic approach of any cubozoan species.
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Mannocchi, David. "Alterazioni biomeccaniche nella Sindrome della bandelletta Ileotibiale : una revisione sistematica della letteratura." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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Questa revisione sistematica della letteratura ha come scopo la caratterizzazione delle modifiche biomeccaniche che insorgono in soggetti che sono o sono stati affetti dalla sindrome della bandelletta ileotibiale. L’obbiettivo principale è un confronto qualitativo degli studi in merito a questo argomento e una valutazione dei suddetti secondo dei criteri stabiliti. Una specifica strategia di ricerca ha permesso di selezionare otto articoli che soddisfano i criteri di esclusione, la cui qualità è poi stata appurata tramite dei criteri di valutazione.
I soggetti che precedentemente avevano sviluppato l’ITBS sono presi da entrambi i generi e confrontati con soggetti sani di fisico, età e sesso analoghi per rilevare differenze significative tramite strumenti di analisi del movimento articolare.
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Kuerbitz, Jeffrey S. "Formation and Function of Amygdala Circuitry: Differentiation and Migration of Intercalated Cells (ITCs) and their Role in Fear, Depression and Social Behavior." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535457845286194.
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Holmén, Sara. "Mobila IT-tjänster och Intelligenta transportsystem (ITS) - framtidsperspektiv 2009 och konsekvenser för Vägverket." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Informatik, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-408.
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Uppdragsgivare till detta examensarbete var Vägverkets ITS-avdelning. Vägverket ska vara en möjliggörare för tjänster inom ITS-området, och detta arbete beskriver de mobila ITtjänster inom ITS som tros finnas år 2009. Det är också viktigt att se hur den nationella vägdatabasen, NVDB, möter de framtida kraven från de mobila IT-tjänsterna. Detta eftersom NVDB är en grunddatabas över det data Vägverket tillhandahåller och möjliggör utveckling av mobila IT-tjänster och det är därför viktigt att den innehåller korrekt och uppdaterad data.Under detta arbete har jag jobbat med två metoder, litteraturstudier och kvalitativa intervjuer. Litteraturstudier har jag använt för att sätta mig in i Vägverkets ITS-strategi, mål, pågående ITS-projekt i Sverige och Europa och framtidsvisionärers idéer om framtidens samhälle och ITS. Intervjuerna gjorde jag med personer som arbetar inom ITS eller IT, för att få deras synpunkter om möjliga framtida mobila IT-tjänster inom ITS.Resultatet pekar på att de framtida mobila IT-tjänsterna kommer vara positioneringstjänster av olika slag. Många anser idag att det är svårt att få information om grundläggande vägdata, som t.ex. köer, olyckor och vägbeskrivning. Utrustningen som kommer att användas tros av majoriteten av de intervjuade att vara mobiltelefonerna, men de kommer vara mer avancerade än de är idag. För att förbättra NVDB för att få igång tjänsteutvecklingen är det viktigt att alla kommunala och statliga vägar finns med, vilket det inte gör idag. Dokumentationen kring NVDB ansågs också komplicerad.
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Kawaguchi, Nobuo, Shigeki Matsubara, Kazuya Takeda, and Fumitada Itakura. "CIAIR In-Car Speech Corpus : Influence of Driving Status." IEICE, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7815.
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Razminas, Simonas. "Realaus laiko transporto maršrutų optimizavimo algoritmų tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060603_181406-81073.
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Nowadays traffic congestion is a big problem all over the world. To solve this problem governments build broader roads, establish more reasonable traffic rules. Dynamic routing is a good and efficient way to reduce traffic congestion. That is why research of real time vehicle routing optimization algorithms was made. Experiment showed that best performance of shortest path algorithm was Dijkstra algorithm. Based on that, a software prototype was developed – optimized route search system. Driver can select shortest or fastest route to his destination. There was used roads length to evaluate shortest path and special coefficient to evaluate fastest route. This coefficient is calculated respectively to road load, length, speed limit, capacity. Performance of developed system is good so I conclude that the system is capable of routing vehicles in real time in complex traffic network.
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Issa, I. "Secularization of passion and resurrection in certain plays of Strindberg, Chekhov, Bond and Howard." Thesis, University of Essex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379387.
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Geyson, Alves de Araújo Anderson. "Taxonomia e filogenia de Pouteria Aubl. (Sapotaceae) na Mata Atlântica setentrional." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2012. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/772.
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Previous issue date: 2012<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Taxonomia e Filogenia de Pouteria Aubl. (Sapotaceae) na Mata Atlântica setentrional ─ O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar estudos taxonômico, filogenético e de distribuição de Pouteria nativas da porção setentrional do Domínio da Mata Atlântica no Brasil. Foram encontrados 34 táxons, dentre eles seis novos para a ciência, apresentando os padrões de distribuição: amplo contínuo e disjunto (16 spp.), restrito ou endêmico e muito restrito ou micro-endêmico (nove spp. cada). São fornecidas atualizações nomenclaturais, propostas de sinonimização, chaves de identificação, descrições e ilustrações das espécies. Morfologicamente, os caracteres venação foliar, tricomas, estames, estaminódios e frutos foram considerados de maior confiabilidade para distinção específica. Expressivo número de táxons é endêmico (53%) e, segundo os critérios da IUCN, 56% das espécies tem algum grau de ameaça. Com as análises filogenéticas, os resultados do estudo amplo (ITS) demonstraram a formação de quatro clados distintos de Pouteria (A, B, C, D) dispersos entre diferentes gêneros em uma politomia basal. O arranjo sistemático obtido evidenciou a fragilidade da sua atual classificação, onde Pouteria e suas seções não se mantiveram monofiléticos. Já as análises combinadas (ITS+ETS+RPB2+morfologia) restritas às espécies da Mata Atlântica mostraram o monofiletismo de Pouteria, porém corroboraram a manutenção dos seus clados e a artificialidade das seções do gênero. Ambas as análises mostraram-se bastante úteis para inferências filogenéticas em Pouteria demonstrando o não monofiletismo das seções e sugerindo a resolução de problemas taxonômicos tanto pela segregação quanto pela sustentação de táxons com alta plasticidade morfológica
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ARAÚJO, Anderson Geyson Alves de. "Taxonomia e filogenia de Pouteria Aubl. (Sapotaceae) na Mata Atlântica setentrional." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2012. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/12056.
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Previous issue date: 2012<br>CAPES; BOLSA SANDWICH; PPGBV.<br>Taxonomia e Filogenia de Pouteria Aubl. (Sapotaceae) na Mata Atlântica setentrional ─ O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar estudos taxonômico, filogenético e de distribuição de Pouteria nativas da porção setentrional do Domínio da Mata Atlântica no Brasil. Foram encontrados 34 táxons, dentre eles seis novos para a ciência, apresentando os padrões de distribuição: amplo contínuo e disjunto (16 spp.), restrito ou endêmico e muito restrito ou micro-endêmico (nove spp. cada). São fornecidas atualizações nomenclaturais, propostas de sinonimização, chaves de identificação, descrições e ilustrações das espécies. Morfologicamente, os caracteres venação foliar, tricomas, estames, estaminódios e frutos foram considerados de maior confiabilidade para distinção específica. Expressivo número de táxons é endêmico (53%) e, segundo os critérios da IUCN, 56% das espécies tem algum grau de ameaça. Com as análises filogenéticas, os resultados do estudo amplo (ITS) demonstraram a formação de quatro clados distintos de Pouteria (A, B, C, D) dispersos entre diferentes gêneros em uma politomia basal. O arranjo sistemático obtido evidenciou a fragilidade da sua atual classificação, onde Pouteria e suas seções não se mantiveram monofiléticos. Já as análises combinadas (ITS+ETS+RPB2+morfologia) restritas às espécies da Mata Atlântica mostraram o monofiletismo de Pouteria, porém corroboraram a manutenção dos seus clados e a artificialidade das seções do gênero. Ambas as análises mostraram-se bastante úteis para inferências filogenéticas em Pouteria demonstrando o não monofiletismo das seções e sugerindo a resolução de problemas taxonômicos tanto pela segregação quanto pela sustentação de táxons com alta plasticidade morfológica.
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ANDRADE, Izaquiel Santos de. "Caracterização citogenética molecular e estudo da variabilidade genética por marcadores ISSR e COI na espécie Lonchorhina aurita (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/12487.
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DISSERTAÇÃO Izaquiel Santos de Andrade.pdf: 746888 bytes, checksum: 02b6375e8b0f2fcb2873bcd9c726389d (MD5)
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Previous issue date: 2014<br>CAPES<br>Para investigar a organização cromossômica de sequências de DNA repetitivo e estimar a variabilidade em duas populações de Lonchorhina aurita do Estado de Pernambuco foi realizado o mapeamento físico das sequências de DNA repetitivo (5S e telomérico) e a análise da variabilidade genética através de marcadores ISSR e COI. A técnica de FISH com sonda de DNAr 5S revelou sítios na região pericentromérica do par 14 da espécie e com sonda da sequência (TTTAGGG)n revelou sítios na região terminal dos cromossomos. A presença de apenas um par de sítios de DNAr 5S representa o padrão mais comum em mamíferos e é consistente com resultados descritos em outros representantes da família Phyllostomidae, indicando uma conservação quanto ao número de sítios de DNAr 5S para a família. Os sinais de hibridização com a sequência (TTAGGG)n na região terminal dos cromossomos de L. aurita suportam a ideia da presença de caracteristicas plesiomórficas quando comparados com outras espécies de Phyllostomidae uma vez que a presença de ITS pode estar relacionada à evolução cariotípica das espécies. Os resultados dos marcadores moleculares mostraram atráves da filogenia que a população de Triunfo é monofilética e a de Toritama é parafilética e que as duas populações de L. aurita apresentaram alta estruturação genética, com maior diferença entre as sequências das duas populações.
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Blue, Gregory. "Traditional China in Western social thought : an historical inquiry, with special reference to contributions from Montesquieu to Max Weber." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/250932.
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Lei, Huang, Zhang Qishan, and Huang Xingjian. "VEHICLE MONITORING SYSTEM VIA GPS, GIS AND GPRS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605352.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada<br>Vehicle Monitoring System (VMS) has being introduced into the world marketplace with the hope
that it will help alleviate traffic congestion and the associated environmental pollution. In this paper
we give an overview of system composition and principle of the VMS and several communications
link solutions in China. We review technologies and focus on the key technological issues about the
integration of VMS with the GPRS wireless mobile network and the Internet.
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Jacobi, Angela. "Die Rolle der CXCR4/SDF-1-Achse in FLT3-ITD-positiven humanen hämatopoetischen Stammzellen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-78488.
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Die Erforschung von Mechanismen der malignen Transformation ermöglicht das Verständnis von zahlreichen Signalwegen in der Zelle. In dieser Arbeit wurden Mechanismen untersucht, in die die Proliferation und das Homing leukämischer Progenitorzellen involviert sind. Diese Ergebnisse wurden im Anschluss mit gesunden Kontrollen korreliert. Die Migration von Stammzellen ist ein wichtiger zellulärer Mechanismus in der hämatopoetischen Stammzell-Biologie und in der Leukämie-Forschung. CXCR4 und sein Ligand SDF-1 sind wichtige Regulatoren der Stammzell-Migration und des Homings. Sie beeinflussen physiologische, pathologische und zelluläre Migrationsprozesse, die unter anderem für die Vaskularisierung (Nagasawa, 2001), aber auch für die Metastasierung von Tumorzellen (Helbig et al., 2003) von zentraler Bedeutung sind.
FLT3 mutierte AML-Zellen zeigen erhöhte CXCR4-Level und ein verbessertes Anwachsen den Zellen im Knochenmark nach Transplantation in NOD/SCID-Mäuse. Tierexperimentelle Daten deuten darauf hin, dass ein verstärktes Homing von leukämischen Zellen mit einer erhöhten Resistenz gegenüber Chemotherapie assoziiert ist. Möglicherweise ist dies eine der Hauptursachen für das Therapieversagen bei diesen Patienten.
Das Ziel des Projektes, dem diese Arbeit zugrunde liegt, war es, Interaktionen zwischen FLT3-ITD und CXCR4 zu untersuchen und mögliche Auswirkungen dieser Interaktionen für Migration und Homing von Stammzellen zu ermitteln. Letztlich können diese Erkenntnisse sowohl zur Verbesserung der klinischen Stammzell-Transplantationen und zur Definition neuer Strategien zur Behandlung von Patienten mit akuter myeloischer Leukämie beitragen.
Untersuchungsgegenstände dieser Arbeit waren zum einen die Gewinnung von Erkenntnissen über die Wirkung einer FLT3-ITD-Überexpression auf die Expression verschiedener Signalmoleküle und ihr möglicher Einfluss auf CXCR4/SDF-1 vermittelte Signalwege. Des Weiteren die Rolle der CXCR4/SDF-1-Achse und der Einfluss einer Mikroumgebung auf AML-Zellen. Zum anderen die Wirkung des CXCR4 Inhibitiors AMD3100 auf AML-Blasten sowie die Blockierung der CXCR4/SDF-1-Achse als mögliche Therapie gegen AML.
Interne Tandemduplikation (ITD)-Mutationen des FLT3-Rezeptors sind mit einer hohen Inzidenz von Rückfällen bei akuter myeloischer Leukämie (AML) verbunden. Die Expression des CXCR4-Rezeptors in FLT3-ITD-positiven AML-Blasten ist mit schlechten Prognosen für die Patienten verbunden. Die Blockierung von CXCR4 führt zu einer Sensibilisierung von AML-Blasten gegenüber einer Chemotherapie.
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden primäre Blasten von Patienten mit FLT3-ITD oder FLT3-wt-AML verwendet. Darüber hinaus wurden humane CD34+ hämatopoetische Vorläuferzellen (HSCs) bis zu 80% mit retroviralen Vektoren transduziert, die ein humanes FLT3-ITD-Transgen beinhalteten. Im Gegensatz zu früheren Daten von murinen Zellen wurde in dieser Arbeit gezeigt, dass eine Überexpression des FLT3-ITD-Transgens in humanen HSCs eine signifikant reduzierte Migration zu SDF-1-in vitro aufweist. Dies spiegelte sich außerdem in einem reduzierten Knochenmark-Homing in NOD/SCID-Mäusen wider.
Ko-Kultivierungsexperimente von sowohl FLT3-ITD-positiven AML-Blasten als auch von FLT3-ITD-positiven HSCs auf Stromazellen des Knochenmarks führten zu einem signifikanten Proliferationsvorteil und zu erhöhten zeitigen CAFCs im Vergleich zu FLT3-wt-AML-Blasten bzw. zu kontrolltransduzierten HSCs. Die Zugabe des CXCR4-Inhibitors AMD3100 zeigte während der Ko-Kultur eine deutliche Reduktion der Proliferation und von CAFCs bei FLT3-ITD-positiven Zellen, aber nicht bei FLT3-wt-Blasten. Zusammenfassend liefert diese Studie den Beweis für eine Stroma-vermittelte Resistenz von FLT3-ITD-positiven HSCs und Blasten. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit demonstrieren, dass die Hemmung von CXCR4 die zellulären Wechselwirkungen von Stromazellen und leukämischen Zellen behindert. Somit bestätigt sich eine funktionelle Bedeutung der CXCR4/SDF-1-Achse bei AML.
Um die Kontrolle über leukämische Zellen und ihre Proliferation zu bekommen, könnte die Hemmung von CXCR4 eine neue therapeutische Strategie bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittener FLT3-ITD-positiver AML sein.
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Bittl, Sebastian. "Efficient Secure Communication in VANETs under the Presence of new Requirements Emerging from Advanced Attacks." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18419.
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Drahtlose ad-hoc Netzwerke zwischen Fahrzeugen, sog. Vehicular ad-hoc Networks (VANETs), bilden einen Ansatz zur Verbesserung der Verkehrssicherheit, indem sie zukünftige kooperative Fahrerassistenzsysteme ermöglichen. Diese Netzwerke erfordern ein hohes Sicherheitsniveau, sowohl in Bezug auf Datenintegrität und -authentizität als auch im Bereich Datenschutz. Aktuell verfügbare Technologien können diese Anforderungen nicht vollständig erfüllen. Etliche Nachteile aktueller VANET-Ansätze werden in dieser Arbeit aufgezeigt.
In dieser Arbeit werden drei Schachpunkte von ETSI ITS bzw. WAVE basierten VANETs identifiziert, welche Angriffe auf Teilnehmer dieser Netzwerke ermöglichen. Diese ergeben sich aus
1. konstanten und für Teilnehmer charakteristischen Datensätzen innerhalb der zyklisch versandten Statusnachrichten, welche den Datenschutz der Fahrzeuge und damit auch ihrer Fahrer gefährden,
2. die Strategie zur Verteilung von digitalen Zertifikaten von Zertifizierungsstellen erlaubt es selbst Angreifern mit minimalen Fähigkeiten (einzelner, statischer Angreifer von außerhalb des Netzwerkes) die Kanallast in einem großen Teilgebiet des Netzwerkes massiv zu erhöhen,
3. GNSS Manipulation durch sog. spoofing erlaubt Angriffe auf zeit- und ortsbasiere Informationen in Fahrzeugen, wodurch sich folgende Gefährdungen ergeben:
a. Der Grundanforderung Teilnehmer durch Nichtabstreitbarkeit der gesendeten Daten für ihr Verhalten zur Rechenschaft ziehen zu können wird die Grundlage entzogen, da der Zeitpunkt des Sendens der Daten nicht mehr sicher festgestellt werden kann.
b. Die Zugangskontrolle zum System wird gefährdet, da angegriffene Teilnehmer veraltete Nachrichten und digitale Zertifikate akzeptieren.
c. Angreifer können einen sog. Sybil Angriff durchführen.
Es ist notwendig die identifizierten Sicherheitsprobleme zu beheben um eine sichere Verwendung von VANETs für zukünftige kooperative Fahrerassistenzsysteme zu ermöglichen.
Weiterhin werden einige Designprobleme in ETSI ITS Protokollen identifiziert. Die bisherige Art der Nachrichtenzusammensetzung auf den einzelnen Protokollschichten führt häufig zu Gesamtnachrichten, welche die zulässige maximale Gesamtlänge auf niedrigen Protokollschichten überschreitet. Da solche Nachrichten nicht versandt werden könne, können diverse wichtige Datensätze nicht im Netzwerk verteilt werden. Außerdem ist keine verschlüsselte Ende-zu-Ende Kommunikation über eine Multi-Hop Verbindung möglich, da die notwendigen Routing-Informationen den weiterleitenden Teilnehmern nicht zur Verfügung stehen. Es werden Vorschläge diskutiert, wie diese Probleme gelöst werden können.
Zur Adressierung der genannten Probleme werden u.a. folgende Maßnahmen vorgeschlagen:
1. Eine sichere Zeitsynchronisierung in VANETs ist notwendig.
2. Das Speichern von mehreren Fahrzeug-Zertifikaten mit gleicher Laufzeit ist zu vermeiden.
3. Das Speichern von Fahrzeug-Zertifikaten mit zukünftiger Laufzeit ist auf ein Minimum zu begrenzen.
4. Konstante und gleichzeitig für Teilnehmer charakteristische Datensätze sind nicht zu versenden.
5. Weitere Mechanismen zur Minimierung der Kanallast durch Zertifikatsverteilung sind notwendig, u.a.
a. nach einem Pseudonymwechsel sollte dieser explizit signalisiert werden um das Versenden aller Zertifikate in der Umgebung durch die Detektion eines neuen Nachbarn zu verhindern.
b. es sollte keine Verteilung von Zertifikatsketten erfolgen, da einzelne Zertifikate ausreichen.
c. die Anzahl der Übermittlungen von Zertifikaten von Zertifizierungsstellen ist zu minimieren.
Die Anwendung der genannten Verbesserungen überwindet die meisten Sicherheitsprobleme (1,2, und 3c). Für die weiteren Probleme kann der notwendige Aufwand für einen erfolgreichen Angriff deutlich erhöht werden.<br>Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are an important approach to increase future safety of driving by enabling cooperative advanced driver assistance systems. However, rigid security and privacy requirements employed to conducted wireless data exchange still pose significant challenges for VANET approaches. Several weaknesses of the current state of the art of VANET approaches from ETSI ITS as well as WAVE standard frameworks have been identified in this work.
Three main attack surfaces of ETSI ITS or WAVE based VANETs are identified in this thesis, which are
1. constant and distinctive content in data fields within frequently sent VANET messages highly endanger privacy of vehicles, and thereby also their drivers,
2. the distribution strategy of certificate authority (CA) certificates allows even a simple static outsider attacker to massively increase the channel load within a large area around the attacker, which significantly exceeds his own communication range, and
3. GNSS spoofing modifying time and position information inside nodes
a. endangers the basic system requirement of accountability by circumventing the nonrepudiation feature of the employed digital signature scheme,
b. endangers the access control system by forcing the acceptance of outdated messages and certificates, and
c. enables an attacker to perform a Sybil attack.
The identified security problems need to be overcome to re-enable secure usage of VANETs and ADASs, which are based on the information obtained via VANETs.
Several protocol design weaknesses of the ETSI ITS approach have been identified. It is found that the standardized way of cross layer message assembly leads to frequent violation of low layers’ maximum packet size restrictions. This causes inabilities to distribute important data sets from the application layer. Furthermore, confidential end-to-end encrypted communication over a multi-hop connection is impossible, as forwarders cannot access required routing information. This is caused by incorrect data encryption rules. Approaches to overcome the found shortcomings are proposed and evaluated.
To overcome the outlined security issues, several improvements have been proposed. These include,
1. secure time synchronization among nodes, but current mechanisms can hardly provide it,
2. caching of multiple pseudonym certificates being valid during the same time span is to be avoided,
3. pre-caching of pseudonym certificates valid in the future is to be limited to a minimum,
4. presence of constant but distinctive data sets within VANET messages has to be avoided to enable privacy conserving pseudonym changes,
5. mechanisms for limiting the channel load caused by certificate distribution are required, especially
a. after a pseudonym change the number of superficial pseudonym certificate distributions due to new neighbor detection should be limited by using explicit signaling of the change,
b. sending of certificate chains should be removed altogether, instead individual dissemination should be used for CA certificates, and
c. the number of CA certificate deliveries after a request for such a kind of certificate should be limited to a minimum by using targeted requests.
By employing the given improvements most of the found security weaknesses can be overcome (issues 1, 2 and 3c). For the remaining weaknesses the required capabilities for a successful attack can be made significantly more challenging.
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Montagner, Daiane Fiuza. "CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO GÊNERO SCLERODERMA (BASIDIOMYCOTINA) ASSOCIADO A POVOAMENTOS FLORESTAIS EXÓTICOS NO BIOMA PAMPA, BRASIL." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4874.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>The genus Scleroderma Pers.: Fr. belongs to Order Boletales, Phylum Basidiomycota, and involves a group of fungi whose spore production occurs in an enclosed hymenium with passive basidiospores release. The main morphological characteristic of this genus are the size and ornamentation of the spores and mycorrhizal association with various tree species. The aim of this study is to identify Scleroderma species of Pampa biome region by using techniques of morphological analysis and molecular biology following specific methodologies. For an accurate analysis of the basidiospore ornamentation, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used. The specimens collected were deposited in the Herbarium SMDB of the Department of Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM. For the analysis of phylogenetic relationships of selected species of Scleroderma was sequenced the rDNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region of some specimens collected or obtained from other herbaria for comparison with sequences deposited in GenBank. Two species were identified: S. albidum; S. citrinum and a specimen to genus level (Scleroderma sp.). We have generate 20 new ITS sequences, clustering most of them, in S. albidum clade, contrasting, however, with basidiome morphological variation initially observed; they represent the first records of this species for the ITS region in GenBank database. Sequences in clade S. albidum showed high similarity with some other nominated as S. bovista, S. aurantium and Sceroderma sp. from GenBank so, the latter sequences are considered as conspecific in the clade. S. citrinum clustered together with homonymous sequences from China, United States and Germany being conspedifics, and its basidiomes were the most identifable in study area by their morphological characteristics. The specimen ICN:154625, from Rio
Grande do Sul, State nominated as S. verrucosum, showed high similarity with sequences of S. areolatum and were identified under the latter name. The phylogenetic analysis confirms the literature trend on formation of two major infrageneric clades combining, respectively, echinulate spores plus simple-septate hyphae and reticulate spores plus fibulae. Scleroderma sp. appeared phylogenetically isolated from these two main clusters suggesting a probable formation of a new clade combining echinulate spores and fibulae.<br>O gênero Scleroderma Pers.: Fr. pertence à Ordem Boletales, Filo Basidiomycota, e envolve um grupo de fungos cuja produção dos esporos ocorre em um himênio fechado, com liberação passiva dos basidiósporos. As principais características morfológicas deste gênero são o tamanho e ornamentação dos esporos e a associação micorrízica com várias espécies arbóreas. Este trabalho tem por objetivo buscar a identificação das espécies do gênero Scleroderma de ocorrência no bioma Pampa, utilizando, para esta finalidade, técnicas morfológicas e de moleculares, segundo metodologias específicas para o estudo do grupo. Para a análise inequívoca da ornamentação dos basidiósporos, foi utilizada a Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura MEV. Os espécimes coletados foram depositados no Herbário SMDB do Departamento de Biologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM. Para a análise das relações filogenéticas das espécies selecionadas de Scleroderma, foram sequenciadas as regiões ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 do rDNA de alguns espécimes coletados ou obtidos de outros herbários para comparação com sequências depositadas no GenBank. Duas espécies foram identificadas: S. albidum; S. citrinum e um espécime a nível somente de gênero (Scleroderma sp.). Foram obtidas 20 novas sequencias de ITS, a maioria delas agrupando-se no clado para S. albidum contrapondo a variação morfológica inicialmente verificada nos basidiomas e representando os primeiros registros desta espécie para a região ITS no banco de dados do GenBank; as sequências deste clado também apresentaram alta similaridade com outras do GenBank nominadas como S. bovista, S. aurantium e Scleroderma sp. (da Estônia e Montenegro), permitindo, assim, a retificação nas suas identidades para S. albidum, S. citrinum alinhou com sequências homônimas
da China, Estados Unidos e Alemanha mostrando-se conspecíficas, e seus basidiomas podem ser considerados os de mais fácil identificação da área de estudo pelas suas características morfológicas. O espécime ICN:154625, nominado como S. verrucosum, anteriormente citado para o Rio Grande do Sul, mostrou alta similaridade com sequências de S. areolatum do GenBank, formando um clado S. areolatum. A análise filogenética confirma a tendência na literatura para a formação de dois grandes clados infragenéricos combinando, respectivamente, esporos reticulados e hifas fíbuladas ou esporos equinulados e septos simples. Scleroderma sp. isolou-se filogeneticamente dos dois grupos anteriores sugerindo a provável formação de um novo clado combinando com esporos equinulados e hifas fíbuladas.
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Ribeiro, Diorvania Cardoso. "Relação filogenética, por ITS-rDNA, de Colletotrichum spp., agente causal da mancha foliar da gala em macieira." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2007. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1071.
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Previous issue date: 2007-02-26<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>The apple is a temperate clime fruit with larger dispersion, consumption and the more
marketed all over the world as fresh fruit. The apple production has been committed by the
incidence of diseases, in which Apple Leaf Spot (ALS), whose causal agent is the
Colletotrichum spp. Nowadays this disease is one of the largest concerns of the producers and
researchers. The origin of this disease in apple tree plants is not still well known. Studies
based on the phylogeny allow to relate evolutionarily the organisms and characterize possible
divergence mechanisms origin. This will contribute in disease control and prevention of new
races sprout. The objective of this work was to study the variation of the ITSs rDNA among
apple tree pathogenic isolates of Colletotrichum spp. from apple, citrus and feijoa. All isolates
were first cultivated on PDA, for one week at 24oC. In the PCR amplification of the rDNA
was used initiators ITS1 and ITS4. The amplified fragment was digested with restriction
enzymes (Rsa I, Alu I, Hinf I, Hpa II, Hha I, Xho I, Acc I, Eco RI and Taq I). The revelation
was in 2% agarose gel. It was obtained a great variation with products of the cleaved PCR
products, from 90 to 500 pb. The amplified fragment was purified (QIAquick Gel Extraction
Kit 250 - Unisciense of Brazil) and the fragment (ITS of the rDNA) was sequenced for all
isolates. The sequences were aligned with the ClustalW software and the phylogenetic tree
was constructed in the Mega 3.1 software. The products obtained in the PCR amplification of
the rDNA region (ITS1-5,8S-ITS2), with the initiators pair ITS1 and ITS4 revealed a
fragment with approximately 600 pb, for all the isolated analyzed. Through the analysis for
the ARDRA was possible to separate isolates groups in haplotypes, which was efficient for
the correlation between haplotypes and hosts, containing in a same haplotypes of the same
host. It was possible to group the isolates of Colletotrichum in species, using the phylogenetic
tree, independent of his host. All of the obtained sequences presented more than 93% of
similarity, fact that reinforces the hypothesis that the Colletotrichum spp., causal agent of
ALS, is nearly related with citrus and feijoa Colletotrichum<br>A maçã é a fruta de clima temperado de maior dispersão, consumo e a mais
comercializada como fruta fresca em todo o mundo. A produção de maçã no Brasil tem sido
comprometida pela incidência de várias doenças, das quais a Mancha Foliar da Gala (MFG),
cujo agente causal são espécies de Colletotrichum spp., tem sido, atualmente, uma das
maiores preocupações dos produtores e pesquisadores. A origem desta doença em macieira
ainda não está bem esclarecida e a utilização de estudos baseados na filogenia permitem
relacionar os organismos evolutivamente, caracterizando possíveis mecanismos de
divergência evolutiva e a origem do patógeno, contribuindo na adoção de medidas de controle
e prevenção quanto ao surgimento de novas raças. O presente trabalho objetivou estudar a
variação do DNA ribossomal, (rDNA) entre isolados de Colletotrichum spp. patogênicos em
macieira, em citros e goiaba serrana. Todos os isolados foram cultivados em meio BDA, por
uma semana a 24oC. A amplificação do rDNA foi realizada utilizando-se iniciadores ITS1 e
ITS4, seguida pela digestão da região ITS (espaçador interno transcrito) com enzimas de
restrição (Rsa I, Alu I, Hinf I, Hpa II, Hha I, Xho I, Acc I, Eco RI e Taq I). Os produtos
obtidos na amplificação da região ITS1-5,8S-ITS2 do rDNA revelaram um fragmento de
aproximadamente 600 pares de bases (pb), para todos os isolados analisados. Todos os
fragmentos amplificados foram clivados, obtendo uma grande variação, a qual foi de 90 a 500
pb. Utilizando a técnica de ARDRA (Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis) foi
possível separar e agrupar os isolados em haplótipos, a qual foi eficiente para a correlação
entre haplótipo e hospedeiros, agrupando em um mesmo haplótipo isolados do mesmo
hospedeiro. O fragmento amplificado foi purificado com kit QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit 250
(Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) e as amostras foram seqüenciadas na região ITS do rDNA de todos
os isolados. As seqüências foram alinhadas no software ClustalW e a árvore filogenética foi
construída no software Mega 3.1. Com o seqüenciamento de DNA foi possível inferir sobre a
possível espécie de fungo que pertence o segmento de DNA analisado. A região ITS do rDNA
mostrou-se muito eficaz para estudos de filogenia. A partir da árvore filogenética foi possível
agrupar os isolados de Colletotrichum por espécies, independente do seu hospedeiro. Todas as
seqüências obtidas apresentaram valores superiores a 93% de similaridade, fato esse, que
reforça que o Colletotrichum spp., causador da MFG, possui relações de parentesco com o
isolados de Colletotrichum spp. isolados de citros e de goiaba serrana
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Valdetaro, Denise Cristina de Oliveira Franco. "Morfologia, variabilidade genética e patogenicidade de Ceratocystis fimbriata em Hevea brasiliensis." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2012. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4410.
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Previous issue date: 2012-07-16<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>Ceratocystis fimbriata sensu lato (s.l.) is a complex of many species that are important pathogens of a large number of woody and herbaceous plants. One of this hosts is rubber tree (Hevea sp.), that is native to the Amazon and belong to the family Euphorbiacea. Rubber tree is grown in order to produce latex, the main raw material for obtaining natural rubber that is used in many different industries. Ceratocystis fimbriata infects the rubber tree panel, causing gray mold that affects latex production. C. fimbriata is considered now as a "species complex" containing cryptic species, and many of them remain undescribed. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine the morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the fungus that causes gray mold in rubber tree in order to confirm whether it is a new species of fimbriata complex. For this, it was used 20 isolates obtained from rubber tree for analysis of genetic variability. Of these, four isolates were selected for morphological and phylogenetic analysis and of those, two isolates were used for pathogenicity tests. According to the sequences of ITS r-DNA, the isolates of C. fimbriata of rubber tree belong to the Latin American clade, with two ITS genotypes, that is related to their geographical origin. One genotype was originated from the state of Acre and the other one from the state of Bahia, which was also confirmed by microsatellite markers. The inoculations showed no specialization to the host, since they were pathogenic to different host species (mango, crotalaria, acacia, eucalyptus and kiwi). Therefore, according to the results of this work, the isolates of rubber tree belong to the Latin American clade and confirmed as C. fimbriata and not a distinct species.<br>Espécies do complexo Ceratocystis fimbriata sensu lato (s.l.) são importantes patógenos de um grande número de plantas arbóreas e herbáceas, dentre elas a seringueira (Hevea sp.), nativa da região amazônica e pertencente a família Euphorbiaceae. A seringueira é cultivada visando a produção do látex, a principal matéria prima para obtenção da borracha natural que é utilizada em diversos setores. Ceratocystis fimbriata infecta o painel da seringueira, causando uma doença conhecida como mofo cinzento que afeta negativamente a produção de látex. Ceratocystis fimbriata s.l. considerado, atualmente, como um complexo de espécies contendo várias espécies crípticas, muitas das quais ainda não descritas. Deste modo, objetivou-se com este trabalho, determinar a morfologia, o relacionamento filogenético e especificidade de hospedeiro do fungo causador do mofo cinzento em seringueira, de modo a confirmar se é uma nova espécie do complexo fimbriata. Para isso, foram utilizados 20 isolados de seringueira para análise de variabilidade genética. Dentre estes, quatro isolados foram selecionados para análises morfológicas e filogenéticas e destes, dois foram utilizados para testes de patogenicidade. De acordo com as sequências de ITS r-DNA analisadas, os isolados de C. fimbriata de seringueira pertencem ao clado da América Latina, com dois genótipos de ITS, de acordo com a origem geográfica, sendo eles originados do Estado do Acre e o outro do Estado da Bahia, também confirmados por análises de microssatélites. As inoculações mostraram que não há especialização, quanto ao hospedeiro, uma vez que foram patogênicos a diferentes espécies hospedeiras (manga, crotalária, acácia, eucalipto e kiwi). Portanto, de acordo com os resultados deste trabalho, os isolados de seringueira pertencem ao clado da América Latina e são confirmados como C. fimbriata e não uma espécie distinta.
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Gervásio, Anabela de Jesus Cabanas. "Imagem do corpo e depressão em estudantes do ensino superior." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/14108.
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O presente estudo tem como objectivo determinar se existe relação entre Imagem do corpo e depressão em estudantes do ensino superior. Foram colocadas quatro hipóteses. Foi avaliado a imagem do corpo bem como os traços depressivos. A amostra foi constituída por 255 sujeitos, estudantes de diversas licenciaturas. A recolha de dados foi realizada através de dois questionários quantitativos: O BIQ (Body Image Questionnaire) de Bruchon-Schweitzer (1987) e o Inventario de traços Depressivos (ITD) de R. Campos (2006). Os resultados demonstraram existirem diferenças na Imagem do corpo e Depressão entre géneros e também entre cursos e ano de licenciatura. Neste estudo são apresentados dados sobre a relação entre depressão e imagem do corpo; ABSTRACT: This study has as main goal to determine if there is a relation between Body image and Depression in college students. The body image was accessed as well the Depressive traits. The sample was 255 individuals, graduate students from several courses. The data collect was made through two quantitative questionnaires: BIQ (Body Image Questionnaire) from Bruchon-Schweitzer (1987) and the ITD (Depressive Traits Inventory) from R. Campos (2006).
The results showed differences on the Body image and Depression between genders and between courses and course year. In this study is presented the data about the relation between depression and body image.
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Traikov, Sofia. "Loss of heterozygosity in acute myeloid leukaemia with normal karyotype." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-25082.
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Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is detectable in many forms of cancer including leukaemia. It contributes to tumorigenesis through the loss of one of the two alleles of one tumor suppressor gene at a given locus, caused by deletion or uniparental disomy (UPD). UPD can only be the result of homologous recombination. Little is known about the mechanisms of UPD and what connection this aberration has with the outcome of this disease.
In this study, 146 patients with primary AML were analysed using a novel technique based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Leukaemic cells and healthy T-cells from each patient were obtained using FACS-Vantage cell sorting. In cases with very few sorted cells whole genome preamplification was done. Genome-wide SNP analysis was carried out according to the standard GeneChip Mapping Assay protocol (Affymetrix, USA) using the Human Mapping 10K Arrays. Moreover, the impact of the FLT3-ITD mutation on the homologous recombination using pmHPRT-DRGFP /pCbASce vectors system and yHA2x assay was investigated.
Of 146 patients with normal karyotype LOH was found in 30 cases. The potential LOH regions, were confirmed by microsatellite analysis of short tandem repeat (STR) markers. In 21 of these cases STR-analysis of T-cells, representing the corresponding tumor-free material, confirmed the regions of partial UPD. This aberration affected different chromosomes, but most commonly chr. 2, 6, 11, 21, 13, and 7, and covered between 11.5 and 88 Mb. Interestingly, in 6 LOH cases, long stretches of homozygosity present at the same positions as in the healthy cells and in the blasts were found. The impact of this phenomenon is unknown. Additionally, chromosome losses were detected in 3 patients classified with normal karyotype according to current methods. These 9 cases were not included in the UPD positive group.
No differences were observed regarding any clinical factors including age, WBC-counts and sex. The FAB M1 subtype was observed in 47.6% of the UPD positive patients, compared to only 19.2% of the UPD negative patients (P=0.04, n=146). In addition, no correlation between FLT3-ITD, MLL-PTD and NPM1 mutations in the UPD patients was found, but the data indicate that patients with UPD have a higher rate of treatment failure.
Moreover, in this study the relationship between UPD and gene aberrations was able to be confirmed. In some cases, UPD found on chromosomes 21, 19 and 11 was correlated with mutations in the RUNX1, CEBPA and WT genes, respectively. Furthermore, AML cases with and without UPD showed different but specific gene expression profiles, revealing different expression levels for genes involved in double strand break repairs.
Furthermore, it was found that different mutations could be responsible for the increase in efficiency of HR, such as FLT3-ITD or BCR-ABL. Moreover, cells with a FLT3-ITD mutation (without wt expression) rapidly increased the HR efficiency compared with heterozygous (FLT3-ITD/wt) cells. Preliminary results showed that the high repair efficiency was mainly dependent on the translocation of RAD51.
In conclusion, SNP array technology allow the identification and mapping of LOH in AML patients with normal karyotype. The obtained data also point out the necessity of analysing tumour-free material to confirm the somatic origin of the alteration. Furthermore, the available results indicate that compared to patients without UPD, patients with UPD have a higher relapse rate, which might be used as a prognostic marker in the future. Also, it could be hypothesized that downregulation of RAD51 (for example by FLT3 inhibition) might be beneficial DNA damage occurs through the genotoxic agent by reducing the relapse risk of AML.
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Fouché, Craig. "Military strategy and it's [i.e.] its use in competitive strategy with reference to the Nelson Mandela Metropole automotive industry." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/177.
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Presently in the South African automotive industry competition is becoming more fierce. It is becoming more important for companies to concentrate on thier competitive strategies to ensure that they remain competitive in this industry. Military strategy techniques have always been successful in defeating an anemy opponent. An enemy in a military sense could be considered as a competitor in a business sense. There is currently a potential for an improvement of the competitive strategies that South African organisations, in particular the South African automotive industry uses to remain competitive. Military strategists such as Sun Tzu and Carl von Clausewitz have provided valuable strategy theories and philosophies to many military institutions. Military strategies such as Attrition and Maneuver have long been used by these institutions in battle to defeat the enemy. Military strategies could provide the edge that companies ranging from manufacturers, suppliers of components and dealerships need, to remain competitive in the automotive industry.
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Kleinjan, Macey Renae. "The Impact of Educational Technology Integration on School-Based Agricultural Education Teacher Self-Efficacy." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31605.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of educational technology integration on school-based agricultural education (SBAE) teacher self-efficacy. In-service SBAE teachers from four upper middle-western states were surveyed to assess their current teacher self-efficacy in terms of educational technology in their classroom and curriculum. According to the findings of this study, SBAE teachers are using educational technology in their classroom and curriculum daily and are only slightly confident in their ability to do so. It is recommended that teachers participate in professional development which is focused on not only how to use educational technology, but also on how to teach agriculture content using the educational technology specific to their 1:1 issued device.