Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Iwand'
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Schwarz, Norbert. ""denn wenn ich schwach bin, bin ich stark" : Rezeptivität und Produktivität des Glaubenssubjektes in der Homiletik Hans Joachim Iwands /." Göttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2007. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9783525624067.
Full textVollmer, Reinhard. "Gott Recht geben - im Gebet : zur anthropologischen Bedeutung der Rechtfertigungslehre bei Rudolf Hermann und Hans Joachim Iwand." Bad Salzuflen MBK-Verl, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2807870&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
Full textVollmer, Reinhard. "Gott Recht geben - im Gebet zur anthropologischen Bedeutung der Rechtfertigungslehre bei Rudolf Hermann und Hans Joachim Iwand." Bad Salzuflen MBK-Verl, 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2807870&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textSchwarz, Norbert. ""Denn wenn ich schwach bin, bin ich stark" Rezeptivität und Produktivität des Glaubenssubjektes in der Homiletik Hans Joachim Iwands." Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2004. http://d-nb.info/989316564/04.
Full textAach, Inge Luise M. "The contextuality and unity of the theology of Hans-Joachim Iwand, an introduction for North American Protestants." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq29864.pdf.
Full textSuh, Byung-Yong. "Lex spiritualis : Iwands Verständnis des Gebotes im Gespräch mit Luther, Calvin, Barth /." Seoul : Handl, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015023475&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textZinnecker-Rönchen, Astrid. "Geschenkte Menschlichkeit : über die Bedeutung des Kreuzes Jesu Christi für das Verständnis christlicher Identität in feministischer Theologie, bei D. Korsch und bei H.J. Iwand /." Berlin : Lit, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016234121&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textBaldauf, Katrin [Verfasser], Iwan [Akademischer Betreuer] Burgener, Iwan [Gutachter] Burgener, and Ingo [Gutachter] Dähnert. "Charakterisierung der Kardiomyopathien bei 106 Katzen mit diagnostizierter Myokarderkrankung / Katrin Baldauf ; Gutachter: Iwan Burgener, Ingo Dähnert ; Betreuer: Iwan Burgener." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://d-nb.info/123860143X/34.
Full textDahlem, Dorothee [Verfasser], Iwan [Akademischer Betreuer] Burgener, Iwan [Gutachter] Burgener, and Ingo [Gutachter] Dähnert. "Kardiologische Untersuchung und Erhebung echokardiografischer Referenzwerte beim Golden Retriever / Dorothee Dahlem ; Gutachter: Iwan Burgener, Ingo Dähnert ; Betreuer: Iwan Burgener." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1239421796/34.
Full textPlaten, Mitja [Verfasser], Iwan [Akademischer Betreuer] Schaap, and Kai [Akademischer Betreuer] Tittmann. "Characterizing the Structure and Mechanics of 2D Clathrin Lattices with Atomic Force Microscopy / Mitja Platen. Betreuer: Iwan Schaap. Gutachter: Iwan Schaap ; Kai Tittmann." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078420092/34.
Full textWassilew, Georgi Iwan [Verfasser]. "Impingement des nativen und endoprothetisch ersetzten Hüftgelenks / Georgi Iwan Wassilew." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1099952204/34.
Full textBodensiek, Kai [Verfasser], Iwan [Akademischer Betreuer] Schaap, and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Janshoff. "Combining force and fluorescence microscopy for the manipulation and detection of single cells, viruses, and proteins / Kai Bodensiek. Gutachter: Iwan Schaap ; Andreas Janshoff. Betreuer: Iwan Schaap." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1059570084/34.
Full textIwan, Alexa [Verfasser]. "Familiäre Lebensstilfaktoren und Essverhalten im Kontext der juvenilen Gewichtsentwicklung / Alexa Iwan." Köln : Zentralbibliothek der Deutschen Sporthochschule, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112337822/34.
Full textBöhler, Claudia [Verfasser]. "Das Russisch-Deutsche Wörterbuch von Iwan Pawlowsky : Eine metalexikographische Analyse / Claudia Böhler." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1165477785/34.
Full textDavies, Manon Wynn. "'Nid yw diwedd y daith ond ei dechrau' : agweddau ar waith Iwan Llwyd." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/20bf99cf-d2e5-4945-93d4-f381b60918da.
Full textOllesch, Gregor. "Erfassung und Modellierung der Schneeschmelzerosion am Beispiel der Kleineinzugsgebiete Schäfertal (Deutschland) und Lubazhinkha (Russland)." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-37912.
Full textSoil erosion by water is a ubiquitous problem that impairs the agricultural productivity, diminishes soil functionality and may harmfully affect neighbouring environmental compartments. Surface waters are especially affected by the sediment, sediment bounded and soluble nutrients as well as pollutants mobilised by soil erosion. The knowledge about erosion processes and sediment loads is of high relevance for the protection of the soil and water and has moreover an economic dimension. Generally, a slope or catchment can be divided into three zones: erosion, transport and sedimentation. However, runoff generating processes and roughness or topography triggered runoff concentration lead to an individual differentiation. Furthermore, spatial and temporal discontinuities of processes or connectivities and thresholds modify the erosion and sediment characteristics. Relief and soil as structural elements of a catchment control accordingly the soil moisture differentiation and in an essential way the runoff generation and sediment load. In temperate and cold climates an important portion of runoff is generated in winter and can be affected by soil frost and snowmelt. However, only little knowledge exists about the processes and dimension of sediment and nutrient emissions under these wintry conditions. Systematic research exists particularly in Russia and Norway. The related deficits are also reflected in existing model approaches to estimate soil erosion and sediment fields from catchments. On the one hand neither the snow development or snow melt nor the modification of the soil water flow in case of frozen soil is considered. On the other hand the erosivity of the snow melt runoff and the modification of the soil erodibility through, for example frost-thaw cycles, is adequately reflected. It is the main focus of the presented work to identify, by analysing data from a German and a Russian catchment, the dominant processes and triggers of runoff generation and diffuse pollution under winter conditions. The results are implemented into a model system which is utilised to analyse spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of processes and to estimate the effects of climate and land use change on sediment loads in the two target areas. The 1.44 km² catchment Schaefertal is located in the eastern lower Harz Mountains approx. 150 km SW of Berlin, Germany. Cambisols and Luvisolos have developed from periglacial slope deposits on greywacke and argillaceous shale. These slopes are utilised agriculturally with a crop rotation of mainly winter grain and canola. The thalweg is dominated by hydromorphic soils and pasture. The climate is slightly continental with an annual average temperature of 6.8°C and 680 mm total annual precipitation. In addition to long-time hydro-meteorological measurements, since several years research into sediment and nutrient emissions is conducted. A routine biweekly sampling of the runoff at the catchment outlet is supplemented by automatic high flow sampling especially during snow melt flows. Besides suspended sediment concentration, phosphorus species and dissolved organic carbon are sampled and analysed following standard methods. Also in the Russian catchment Lubazhinkha the main focus is the characterisation of runoff generation and sediment/nutrient transport during snowmelt events. The catchment is located about 100 km south of Moscow, Russia in the transition zone from southern Taiga to forest steppe. The area of 18.8 km² is utilised half by agriculture and one third by forestry. The recent spatial differentiation of this land use is triggered by the relief determined erosive shortening and hydromorphic characteristics of the dominant grey forest soils. Climate and hydrology are dominated by snow cover accumulation and snow melt; annual average temperature is 4.4°C and the annual precipitation sum is 560 mm. High flow samples are taken at the catchment outlet behind a small dam and at the two most important tributaries to characterise mobilisation processes and the sediment and nutrient concentrations. The interpretation of data from the Schaefertal demonstrate for the period of investigation the importance of high flow situations that are caused by snow melt. Catchment conditions characterised by frozen soils lead to a modification of the measured hydrograph, especially through the occurrence of fast surface or near-surface components. The peak flow of the eight high flow events which are employed for interpretation vary between 30 and 270 l s-1, with total runoff volumes in a range from 1 to 50 mm. The sediment concentrations that are observed at the catchment outlet are below 650 mg l-1 for the two events without frozen soil and therewith distinct below the maximum of around 6000 mg l-1 for events with frozen or partly frozen soil conditions. Solely, one event with rainfall on unfrozen soil is characterised by high sediment concentration which is caused by channel maintenances and easy mobilisation of material from the channel banks. According to this, the sediment yields vary for the single events and achieve up to 17 t. The most important trigger is the generation of erosive surface runoff on the slopes by reduction of the hydraulic conductivity of the frozen soils. The comparison of the sediment concentrations of high flow events and the biweekly sampling as well as hysteresis curves of the single events clarify the differing dynamics of sediment export situations. The soil frost affected events show an anti-clockwise direction of the discharge-sediment relationship which points to a sediment source on the slope, whereas the hysteresis curves of unfrozen soil conditions are oriented clockwise. For these events a sediment source near the channel or the channel bank is probable. These assumptions are also supported by a differentiated phosphorus enrichment ratio in the exported sediment. Furthermore, a dynamic in the progress of the single events can be observed which is caused by the temporal variability of the runoff generation and confirms the related spatial heterogeneity of sediment sources. Contrary to the Schaefertal with several snow melt events per year, in the Russian catchment the snow cover is accumulated over the entire winter and one snow melt flood occurs in March or during the first half of April. The interpretation of multiannual data document the importance of the spring snow melts for the runoff generation and sediment export from the catchment Lubazhinkha. The sediment yield of three observed snow melt events varies between 50 and 630 t in dependency on the hydrological conditions. The event related sediment load of at least 0.3 t ha-1 is above the values that were measured in the Schaefertal but in the range of other studies with comparable soils and land use. Detailed analyses of the measurements of the snow melt in spring 2003 document the dynamic within one event. A sediment concentration at the catchment outlet from 6 to 540 mg l-1 led to a total event sediment yield of 190 t. The maximum concentrations of sediment and phosphorus peak with the discharge. In contrast, the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is delayed compared to the runoff peak due to the slow snow melt development under forest stands and mobilisation of DOC from the organic rich topsoil of these forest areas. A differentiation of runoff components allows a further interpretation of event specific dynamic of sediment sources and transport pathways. In case of low discharge (< 2.5 mm d-1) the material transfer is dominated by dissolved forms and enters the channel passing the soil as slow runoff. Fast runoff components or surface runoff dominate situations with higher amounts of discharge in which sediment and nutrient sources are mobilised with temporal dynamic. Besides this event internal dynamic inter-annual variability exists that is a result of weather conditions in the specific winter. Similar to the Schaefertal, the development of frozen soils and the related modification of infiltration characteristics of the soils play an important role in the Lubazhinkha catchment. Other important triggers are snow water equivalent, snow melt dynamic and specific soil frost characteristics, i.e. depth of penetration. The variability of these boundary conditions led to a high inter-annual differentiation of runoff generation and sediment loads. Thus, for the snowmelt 2004 with above average winter air temperatures and only partly frozen soils, as well as low snow water equivalent, a comparable low sediment load was observed. In addition, the hysteresis curves of the discharge-sediment concentration relationship indicate differences in the sediment sources for the single snow melt events which are in dependency of the abovementioned factors. For both catchments the established monitoring system and selected parameters provide an insight into runoff generating processes and relevant triggers. Occurrences of soil frost and snow melt dynamics are most important factors. Wintry conditions led to high sediment and nutrient yields in both catchments. The interpretation of physical and chemical parameters of discharge allows the identification of spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of sediment source areas. Several demands for a model approach arise from these findings of catchment monitoring which are especially related to the spatial differentiated estimation of surface runoff generating areas and soil erosion through snow melt water. The basis for the model system “IWAN” (Integrated Winter erosion And Nutrient load model) is the hydrological model WASIM ETH Ver.2 and the nutrient load model AGNPS 5.0. The linking of these two raster-based models facilitates the utilisation of continuous, spatial differentiated information for surface runoff to estimate soil erosion. By this, the high parameter sensitivity of the SCS-CN approach in AGNPS is replaced with sensitivities distributed among different parameters of the soil water calculation in WASIM and the concurrent calculation of a plausible process based spatial differentiated runoff generation. The implementation of a module to estimate the soil temperature forms the basis for an improved calculation of soil water flows and runoff generation under winter conditions. This module calculates the topsoil temperature based on values of air temperature and considers exposition and land use. The calculated soil temperature of the previous day is assumed in case of a snow cover of more than 5 mm water equivalent. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil is set to zero if the calculated soil temperature drops below freezing and surface runoff begins after the water free soil pore volume is filled up. The goodness of fit for the Schaefertal shows a correlation coefficient of 0.62 to 0.81 and for the Lubazhinkha catchment values in a range between 0.82 and 0.91. The spatial and temporal differentiated information of surface runoff is fundamental to a new developed calculation of rill erosion during snow melt situations which replaces the empirical erosion estimation of AGNPS. One rill for each raster cell is simulated on the assumption of a non-cohesive soil through water saturation and that soil frost does not hinder the deepening of the triangular rill profile. The soil erodibilty is a function of root parameters and diameter of water stable aggregates. The erosivity of the snow melt runoff in the rill is calculated in dependency of surface roughness and soil aggregate diameter. A spatial differentiated estimation of soil erosion is possible in combination with the routed surface runoff from the modified WASIM. In addition to the erosion estimation, the model system IWAN comprises a user interface for data conversion as well as pre- and post-processing options. The results of the model system application for both catchments demonstrate that the dominant processes of runoff generation as well as sediment loss are matched. For the Schaefertal a modelling agreement of r² equalling 0.94 and 0.91 is realised for the year of calibration 1994 and the year of validation 1995, respectively. With the exception of 1996 all periods of high flow and the falling dry of the channel in summer from 1996 until 2003 are represented satisfactorily with the calibrated set of parameters. On this basis, the total runoff volume of the observed and above discussed snow melt events has been modelled with a high degree of accuracy. The spatially differentiated calculation of soil moisture and soil frost occurrence results in a variable fraction of surface runoff on the total runoff for these events. Runoff volume, slope and flow length show positive sensitivities in the new snow melt erosion module. However, parameter combinations and non-linear algorithms, especially for root parameters and the Manning coefficient, may lead to more complex sensitivity properties. Thus, the simulation of soil erosion in the Schaefertal was first conducted with a set of parameters that was calibrated with results of erosion plot experiments. The average values of calculated erosion vary between 0.0006 and 0.96 t ha-1 for the six events from the Schaefertal. However, the median values and high standard deviations prove that most of the cells have low erosion values. The results for events with frozen soils are characterised by significant higher values of erosion. Despite similar total runoff volume i.e. of the events from 20.01.2001 and 26.02.2002 differences occur because of distinctions in runoff concentration on the north and south exposed slope. The spatial results are positively compared to field mapping in addition to a plausibility control of the calculated values. The adjustment of the calculated values for sediment load against the observations is done with calibration of the Manning coefficient for one randomly selected event. The sediment load in some footslope areas caused by runoff concentration is especially high and in the range of 0.0 to 13.84 t for single events. The event sediment yield is generally underestimated with the exception of the event on 26.02.2002. The total absolute error for the three winter seasons is 11 t. The difference between simulated and observed sediment load is highest for the 26.12.2002. This distinction may originate in the temporal variability and spatial heterogeneity of surface roughness against the background of soil frost influences and tillage operations. The general distribution of modelled sediment sources, transport pathways and connecting points to the channel are confirmed by field observations. However, a quantification of the spatial model results on the basis of the observed single events is not possible. For the Lubazhinkha catchment two sets of hydrological parameters are identified for the year of calibration 2004 which achieve satisfying results in comparison to the observed discharge. Although one of these set of parameters performed better in reproducing the peak flows of the snow melt situations, the spatial distribution of surface runoff generating areas was not plausible. Contrary, the second set of parameters characterises the lateral water flows and thus the important spatial soil moisture distribution in a more realistic way. However, the snow melt peak flows for the years of validation 2003 and 2005 are overestimated. The difference between the years, which was identified on the basis of the interpretation of the observations, is matched as well as the dynamic of runoff generation. Surface runoff generation on the flat interfluves areas and saturated areas in valley bottoms are modelled satisfactorily as well as the delayed runoff generation under forest stands. The model system simulates erosion sums of 10 to 280 t d-1 for a total of ten days with surface runoff in a range of 0.3 to 24.1 mm d-1 in the entire modelling period of three years. Considering the variable area of 5 to 46 % on which erosion takes place, the values of effective erosion vary between 0.1 and 0.32 t ha-1 for single days and between 0.44 to 0.92 t ha-1 for multi-day snow melts. The simulated sediment load at the catchment outlet range from 6.7 to 365.8 t per day and sums up to 246.2 t for the snow melt 2003. For the year 2004 99.9 t and for 2005 757.9 t are calculated. In comparison to the observations for the calibration year 2004, the sediment load is overestimated by 10 t or 12 %. The deviation for 2003 is -9 %, with the same set of parameters. The result for 2005 is with an error of 33 % not as good as in the two other years. Overall, the days of snow melt with a low amount of erosion cause additional mobilisation of sediment from the channel banks and contrary, high amount of erosion on the slopes result in deposition processes on the forest and pasture areas near in the valley bottom and in the channel itself. Thus, high sediment loads are estimated for the bottom slopes and the small V-shaped first order valleys. The sediment loads for the two sub-catchments differ significantly because of the spatially differentiated processes of runoff generation and soil erosion. For the days with runoff generation in forest areas higher sediment yields are calculated for the Lubazhinkha-subcatchment which is characterised by a higher degree of forested areas. Differences in slope-channel interaction and variations between the two subcatchments illustrated the overall high process relevance of the model results. The model system IWAN estimates for the Schaefertal and the Lubazhinkha catchment the spatial and temporal dynamics of surface runoff generation and the related erosion processes during snow melt episodes with high plausibility. The model approach demonstrates an option between model result aggregation at the catchment outlet and intensive spatial field observation and measurement within a catchment. The satisfactory modelling of processes for the Schaefertal, as well as for the Lubazhinkha catchment, forms the basis for the calculation of climate and land use scenarios. An analysis of the existing long-term dataset from the Schaefertal approves the general trend of warming, especially in the winter half year. Contrary, the instrument error for rainfall measurements disallows an identification of a trend in the present data. A total of 13 years with defined deviation of +2.5 to -2.5 °C and five years with a deviation of +0.5 °C from the average air temperature in winter (Jd 330-90) were selected from the data set. In contrast to the utilisation of weather generators, this selection provides a dataset with a combination of air temperature and rainfall/snow that is in accordance with typical atmospheric situations. The amount of rainfall for the winter period of the scenario years deviates -45 % to +75 % from the long term average of winter. The model results substantiate the role of weather situations such that an increased amount of rainfall does not automatically result in above-average runoff. Snow cover dynamics and soil frost occurrence are the controlling factors. The number of days with snow and the duration of each snow period are significant higher for scenarios with negative temperature deviation compared to the scenarios with positive deviation. Overall the results of the hydrological calculation of the scenarios show that extreme positive and negative deviations lead to increased surface runoff probability. The sums of erosion for single days with surface runoff varies between 4 to 141 t d-1 and are in direct relation to runoff volume due to the unchanged set of parameters. Generally the calculated sums of erosion for situations without soil frost are lower than with soil frost, but both types are in the range of values of the measured and modelled reference events. Also the calculated sediment yields from 0.03 to 13.15 t d-1 for the scenario days are in the range of the measurements. A higher variability could be expected when considering modifications to vegetation period or crop rotations. An interpretation of erosion and sediment yield on the basis of snow melt periods clarifies those scenarios with extreme deviations also tend to higher sediment export from the catchment. Transformation processes in the agricultural sector of Russia trigger fundamental changes in land use. Based on an analysis of the development of the past 15 years for the Lubazhinkha catchment a significant modification of the pasture, arable land and forest areas is probable in the future. This dynamic is reflected in five scenarios with area-specific changes in land use distribution. The variations range from scenarios with a foreign investor who extends the arable land to all suitable soils in the catchment, an expansion of forest areas in the frame of a governmental forest protection program to the development of small family farms with local market structures because of tourism. The calculated total runoff for the scenarios varies between 276.4 and 293.3 mm for the entire simulation period 2003 to 2005. Small positive or negative deviations occur compared to the as-is state in relation to the variable forest area and combined evapotranspiration. Contrary, the surface runoff shows large deviations of more than 20 mm for the three snow melt periods. These differences are pronounced for the scenario with highest portion of forest and pasture area in the years 2003 and 2005 that are characterised by soil frost and high water equivalent in snow. With only few exceptions the scenarios lead to an increase in simulated sediment yield at the catchment outlet. Moreover, the results document that a decrease of erosion on the slopes does not consequently result in a yield reduction. In the case of low sediment input from the slopes additional material from the channel bed and banks may attribute significantly to the sediment loading. An area specific comparison of two scenarios clarifies the importance of localisation of land use changes and the according connectivity of surface runoff areas and erosion areas to the channel. The scenarios document the increasing importance of extreme events that can be expected due to climate change. Additionally, the link of slope and channel processes, as attribute of a catchment, has to be considered in planning of management measures. The results prove for both catchments that the model system IWAN can be applied for estimating future potential sediment sources and sediment yield after successful calibration. Further research is needed in the question of transferability of the monitoring approach to other environments with a different, more complex hydrological catchment reaction and linked sediment sources and transport mechanisms. The model system IWAN can be improved by a dynamic calculation of rill network generation on the slope and a modification of the sediment transport algorithms. The transfer of the model system to other catchments has to be accompanied by a comprehensive sensitivity and uncertainty analysis especially respecting the model chain within IWAN
Sanchez, Baeza Paula Veronica [Verfasser], Iwan [Akademischer Betreuer] Schaap, Mikael [Akademischer Betreuer] Simons, Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Janshoff, Sarah [Akademischer Betreuer] Köster, Klaus-Armin [Akademischer Betreuer] Nave, and Tiago Fleming [Akademischer Betreuer] Outeiro. "Actin turnover regulates mechanical properties of oligodendrocytes and myelin formation / Paula Veronica Sanchez Baeza. Betreuer: Iwan Schaap. Gutachter: Iwan Schaap ; Mikael Simons ; Andreas Janshoff ; Sarah Köster ; Klaus-armin Nave ; Tiago Fleming Outeiro." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077362390/34.
Full textGrin, Iwan [Verfasser], and Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Linke. "Assisted Secretion of a Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesin from Salmonella / Iwan Grin ; Betreuer: Dirk Linke." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1197058044/34.
Full textPleiner, Christoph M. ""Du übtest mit mir das feuerfeste Lied" : Eros und Intertextualität bei Claire und Iwan Goll /." Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39023782v.
Full textParfentev, Iwan [Verfasser]. "Elucidation of protein interactions in complex samples by protein-protein cross-linking of synaptosomes / Iwan Parfentev." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1215906110/34.
Full textIwan, Katharina [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Carell. "Massenspektrometrische Analyse der chemischen Prozesse an nicht-kanonischen RNA- und DNA-Nukleosiden / Katharina Iwan ; Betreuer: Thomas Carell." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1202713017/34.
Full textBurgener, Iwan. "Chemotaktische Aktivität und chemotaktische Faktoren im Liquor cerebrospinalis von Hunden mit Steroid-responsiver Meningitis-Arteriitis /Iwan Burgener." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1998. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
Full textGurjanow, Iwan [Verfasser], Matthias [Gutachter] Ludwig, and Ulrich [Gutachter] Kortenkamp. "MathCityMap - eine Bildungs-App für mathematische Wanderpfade : theoretische Grundlagen, Entwicklung und Evaluation / Iwan Gurjanow ; Gutachter: Matthias Ludwig, Ulrich Kortenkamp." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1236723384/34.
Full textKorinth, Florian [Verfasser], Jürgen [Gutachter] Popp, and Iwan [Gutachter] Schie. "Raman-Differenzspektroskopie mit zwei verschiedenen Anregungswellenlängen zur untergrundfreien und bildgebenden Untersuchung von biologischen Proben / Florian Korinth ; Gutachter: Jürgen Popp, Iwan Schie." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1238141757/34.
Full textBischoff, Lars [Verfasser], Georgios [Gutachter] Matziolis, Ulrich C. [Gutachter] Smolenski, and Georgi Iwan [Gutachter] Wassilew. "Unterstützung der Propriozeption durch Kinesiotaping am Beispiel der vorderen Kreuzbandruptur / Lars Bischoff ; Gutachter: Georgios Matziolis, Ulrich C. Smolenski, Georgi Iwan Wassilew." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1239177399/34.
Full textKocun, Marta [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Janshoff, Ulf [Akademischer Betreuer] Diederichsen, and Iwan [Akademischer Betreuer] Schaap. "Mechanical properties of pore-spanning membranes prepared from giant vesicles / Marta Kocun. Gutachter: Andreas Janshoff ; Ulf Diederichsen ; Iwan Schaap. Betreuer: Andreas Janshoff." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1043939237/34.
Full textPrajapati, Sabin [Verfasser], Kai [Akademischer Betreuer] Tittmann, Peter [Gutachter] Rehling, and Iwan Assoc [Gutachter] Schaap. "Structural and biophysical characterization of human pyruvate dehydrogenase multi-enzyme complex / Sabin Prajapati ; Gutachter: Peter Rehling, Iwan Assoc. Schaap ; Betreuer: Kai Tittmann." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149958928/34.
Full textFricke, Lutz [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Gil, Vincent [Akademischer Betreuer] Geoghegan, Thomas [Gutachter] Gil, and Iwan-Michelangelo [Gutachter] D'Aprile. "Narrative identity and normative frameworks : towards an ethics of vulnerability / Lutz Fricke ; Gutachter: Thomas Gil, Iwan-Michelangelo D'Aprile ; Thomas Gil, Vincent Geoghegan." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160593280/34.
Full textLux, Jennifer [Verfasser], Georgios [Gutachter] Matziolis, Gunther O. [Gutachter] Hofmann, and Georgi Iwan [Gutachter] Wassilew. "Vergleich des klinisch-radiologischen und biomechanischen Outcomes nach Operation des juvenilen Hallux valgus / Jennifer Lux ; Gutachter: Georgios Matziolis, Gunther O. Hofmann, Georgi Iwan Wassilew." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2019. http://d-nb.info/117738678X/34.
Full textLi, Sai [Verfasser], Iwan [Akademischer Betreuer] Schaap, Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Janshoff, Bert de [Akademischer Betreuer] Groot, and Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Enderlein. "Atomic force microscopy study on the mechanics of influenza viruses and liposomes / Sai Li. Gutachter: Andreas Janshoff ; Bert de Groot ; Jörg Enderlein. Betreuer: Iwan Schaap." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1044172320/34.
Full textPanou, Iliana [Verfasser], Tina [Akademischer Betreuer] Pangrsic, Nils [Akademischer Betreuer] Brose, and Iwan [Akademischer Betreuer] Schaap. "The role of tryptophan-rich basic protein (WRB) in inner hair cell synaptic transmission and hearing / Iliana Panou. Gutachter: Nils Brose ; Iwan Schaap. Betreuer: Tina Pangrsic." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/105213596X/34.
Full textBraunger, Julia [Verfasser], Claudia [Akademischer Betreuer] Steinem, Sarah [Akademischer Betreuer] Köster, and Iwan [Akademischer Betreuer] Schaap. "Ezrin activation in vitro: Investigation of ezrin's conformation and the interaction between ezrin and F-actin / Julia Braunger. Gutachter: Claudia Steinem ; Sarah Köster ; Iwan Schaap. Betreuer: Claudia Steinem." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104577622X/34.
Full textNakwache, Kamal [Verfasser], Georgios [Gutachter] Matziolis, Gunther O. [Gutachter] Hofmann, and Georgi Iwan [Gutachter] Wassilew. "Vergleich der klinischen und radiologischen Ergebnisse nach Implantation der Genesis II Knieendoprothese mittels Standardinstrumenten oder patientenspezifischer Instrumente (PSI) / Kamal Nakwache ; Gutachter: Georgios Matziolis, Gunther O. Hofmann, Georgi Iwan Wassilew." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1207272574/34.
Full textAbouelmaati, Sherif Abdelfattah Abdelaziz [Verfasser], Helmut [Akademischer Betreuer] Peitsch, and Iwan-Michelangelo [Akademischer Betreuer] D'Aprile. "Intellektuellen-Rolle in Günter Grass Werken : „Die Plebejer proben den Aufstand“(1966), „Örtlich betäubt“(1969), „Aus dem Tagebuch einer Schnecke“(1972), und „Ein weites Feld“(1995) / Sherif Abdelfattah Abdelaziz Abouelmaati ; Helmut Peitsch, Iwan-Michelangelo D'Aprile." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1218402156/34.
Full textTsai, I.-Chen, and 蔡一真. "a micromorphological study of spikelet epidermis of Chloridoideae iwan." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74825569081892031582.
Full textGao, Jhih-Sian, and 高誌賢. "Application of Iwan Friction Model to Linear Guide Sliders." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5hpp6m.
Full text國立中興大學
機械工程學系所
106
Friction affects the motion of linear guide sliders and leads to hysteretic behavior. The classical friction models, such as the Coulomb friction model, viscous friction model and Stribeck friction model, do not distinguish the the difference between the pre-sliding motion and gross-sliding motion. Compared with the classical friction models, the Iwan friction model matches pre-sliding motion in the real condition more closely. In this study, a model called the Iwan friction model which is independent of velocity is applied to linear guide sliders in pre-sliding motion. The Iwan friction model is introduced, including its parameters. Then, it is combined with a mass (linear guide slider) to form a mathematical model and is used for simulation. To validate the mathematical model, an experiment of a linear guide slider subjected to a harmonic force is carried out, and the Iwan parameters are sought by the experimental results. After substituting the fitting parameters into the model and computing the energy dissipation and the displacement, they are compared with those of the experiment. The compared results show that (1) the displacement can be described by the Iwan friction model when the frictional force is in the middle between 0 and maximum stiction force, and (2) the relationship between the energy dissipation and force amplitude can be described by the Iwan friction model but it cannot be described by the viscous friction model. At this stage, (1) the Iwan friction model cannot describe the displacement and the energy dissipation simultaneously by using the same Iwan parameters, and (2) the experimental results show that the pre-sliding motion of linear guide slider is not fully independent of velocity.
Hui, Tsai Shu, and 蔡淑慧. "The Comparsion of Option Pricing Strategies on treasury Bonds of iwan." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07108690801876250731.
Full textOllesch, Gregor. "Erfassung und Modellierung der Schneeschmelzerosion am Beispiel der Kleineinzugsgebiete Schäfertal (Deutschland) und Lubazhinkha (Russland)." Doctoral thesis, 2008. https://tubaf.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A22724.
Full textSoil erosion by water is a ubiquitous problem that impairs the agricultural productivity, diminishes soil functionality and may harmfully affect neighbouring environmental compartments. Surface waters are especially affected by the sediment, sediment bounded and soluble nutrients as well as pollutants mobilised by soil erosion. The knowledge about erosion processes and sediment loads is of high relevance for the protection of the soil and water and has moreover an economic dimension. Generally, a slope or catchment can be divided into three zones: erosion, transport and sedimentation. However, runoff generating processes and roughness or topography triggered runoff concentration lead to an individual differentiation. Furthermore, spatial and temporal discontinuities of processes or connectivities and thresholds modify the erosion and sediment characteristics. Relief and soil as structural elements of a catchment control accordingly the soil moisture differentiation and in an essential way the runoff generation and sediment load. In temperate and cold climates an important portion of runoff is generated in winter and can be affected by soil frost and snowmelt. However, only little knowledge exists about the processes and dimension of sediment and nutrient emissions under these wintry conditions. Systematic research exists particularly in Russia and Norway. The related deficits are also reflected in existing model approaches to estimate soil erosion and sediment fields from catchments. On the one hand neither the snow development or snow melt nor the modification of the soil water flow in case of frozen soil is considered. On the other hand the erosivity of the snow melt runoff and the modification of the soil erodibility through, for example frost-thaw cycles, is adequately reflected. It is the main focus of the presented work to identify, by analysing data from a German and a Russian catchment, the dominant processes and triggers of runoff generation and diffuse pollution under winter conditions. The results are implemented into a model system which is utilised to analyse spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of processes and to estimate the effects of climate and land use change on sediment loads in the two target areas. The 1.44 km² catchment Schaefertal is located in the eastern lower Harz Mountains approx. 150 km SW of Berlin, Germany. Cambisols and Luvisolos have developed from periglacial slope deposits on greywacke and argillaceous shale. These slopes are utilised agriculturally with a crop rotation of mainly winter grain and canola. The thalweg is dominated by hydromorphic soils and pasture. The climate is slightly continental with an annual average temperature of 6.8°C and 680 mm total annual precipitation. In addition to long-time hydro-meteorological measurements, since several years research into sediment and nutrient emissions is conducted. A routine biweekly sampling of the runoff at the catchment outlet is supplemented by automatic high flow sampling especially during snow melt flows. Besides suspended sediment concentration, phosphorus species and dissolved organic carbon are sampled and analysed following standard methods. Also in the Russian catchment Lubazhinkha the main focus is the characterisation of runoff generation and sediment/nutrient transport during snowmelt events. The catchment is located about 100 km south of Moscow, Russia in the transition zone from southern Taiga to forest steppe. The area of 18.8 km² is utilised half by agriculture and one third by forestry. The recent spatial differentiation of this land use is triggered by the relief determined erosive shortening and hydromorphic characteristics of the dominant grey forest soils. Climate and hydrology are dominated by snow cover accumulation and snow melt; annual average temperature is 4.4°C and the annual precipitation sum is 560 mm. High flow samples are taken at the catchment outlet behind a small dam and at the two most important tributaries to characterise mobilisation processes and the sediment and nutrient concentrations. The interpretation of data from the Schaefertal demonstrate for the period of investigation the importance of high flow situations that are caused by snow melt. Catchment conditions characterised by frozen soils lead to a modification of the measured hydrograph, especially through the occurrence of fast surface or near-surface components. The peak flow of the eight high flow events which are employed for interpretation vary between 30 and 270 l s-1, with total runoff volumes in a range from 1 to 50 mm. The sediment concentrations that are observed at the catchment outlet are below 650 mg l-1 for the two events without frozen soil and therewith distinct below the maximum of around 6000 mg l-1 for events with frozen or partly frozen soil conditions. Solely, one event with rainfall on unfrozen soil is characterised by high sediment concentration which is caused by channel maintenances and easy mobilisation of material from the channel banks. According to this, the sediment yields vary for the single events and achieve up to 17 t. The most important trigger is the generation of erosive surface runoff on the slopes by reduction of the hydraulic conductivity of the frozen soils. The comparison of the sediment concentrations of high flow events and the biweekly sampling as well as hysteresis curves of the single events clarify the differing dynamics of sediment export situations. The soil frost affected events show an anti-clockwise direction of the discharge-sediment relationship which points to a sediment source on the slope, whereas the hysteresis curves of unfrozen soil conditions are oriented clockwise. For these events a sediment source near the channel or the channel bank is probable. These assumptions are also supported by a differentiated phosphorus enrichment ratio in the exported sediment. Furthermore, a dynamic in the progress of the single events can be observed which is caused by the temporal variability of the runoff generation and confirms the related spatial heterogeneity of sediment sources. Contrary to the Schaefertal with several snow melt events per year, in the Russian catchment the snow cover is accumulated over the entire winter and one snow melt flood occurs in March or during the first half of April. The interpretation of multiannual data document the importance of the spring snow melts for the runoff generation and sediment export from the catchment Lubazhinkha. The sediment yield of three observed snow melt events varies between 50 and 630 t in dependency on the hydrological conditions. The event related sediment load of at least 0.3 t ha-1 is above the values that were measured in the Schaefertal but in the range of other studies with comparable soils and land use. Detailed analyses of the measurements of the snow melt in spring 2003 document the dynamic within one event. A sediment concentration at the catchment outlet from 6 to 540 mg l-1 led to a total event sediment yield of 190 t. The maximum concentrations of sediment and phosphorus peak with the discharge. In contrast, the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is delayed compared to the runoff peak due to the slow snow melt development under forest stands and mobilisation of DOC from the organic rich topsoil of these forest areas. A differentiation of runoff components allows a further interpretation of event specific dynamic of sediment sources and transport pathways. In case of low discharge (< 2.5 mm d-1) the material transfer is dominated by dissolved forms and enters the channel passing the soil as slow runoff. Fast runoff components or surface runoff dominate situations with higher amounts of discharge in which sediment and nutrient sources are mobilised with temporal dynamic. Besides this event internal dynamic inter-annual variability exists that is a result of weather conditions in the specific winter. Similar to the Schaefertal, the development of frozen soils and the related modification of infiltration characteristics of the soils play an important role in the Lubazhinkha catchment. Other important triggers are snow water equivalent, snow melt dynamic and specific soil frost characteristics, i.e. depth of penetration. The variability of these boundary conditions led to a high inter-annual differentiation of runoff generation and sediment loads. Thus, for the snowmelt 2004 with above average winter air temperatures and only partly frozen soils, as well as low snow water equivalent, a comparable low sediment load was observed. In addition, the hysteresis curves of the discharge-sediment concentration relationship indicate differences in the sediment sources for the single snow melt events which are in dependency of the abovementioned factors. For both catchments the established monitoring system and selected parameters provide an insight into runoff generating processes and relevant triggers. Occurrences of soil frost and snow melt dynamics are most important factors. Wintry conditions led to high sediment and nutrient yields in both catchments. The interpretation of physical and chemical parameters of discharge allows the identification of spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of sediment source areas. Several demands for a model approach arise from these findings of catchment monitoring which are especially related to the spatial differentiated estimation of surface runoff generating areas and soil erosion through snow melt water. The basis for the model system “IWAN” (Integrated Winter erosion And Nutrient load model) is the hydrological model WASIM ETH Ver.2 and the nutrient load model AGNPS 5.0. The linking of these two raster-based models facilitates the utilisation of continuous, spatial differentiated information for surface runoff to estimate soil erosion. By this, the high parameter sensitivity of the SCS-CN approach in AGNPS is replaced with sensitivities distributed among different parameters of the soil water calculation in WASIM and the concurrent calculation of a plausible process based spatial differentiated runoff generation. The implementation of a module to estimate the soil temperature forms the basis for an improved calculation of soil water flows and runoff generation under winter conditions. This module calculates the topsoil temperature based on values of air temperature and considers exposition and land use. The calculated soil temperature of the previous day is assumed in case of a snow cover of more than 5 mm water equivalent. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil is set to zero if the calculated soil temperature drops below freezing and surface runoff begins after the water free soil pore volume is filled up. The goodness of fit for the Schaefertal shows a correlation coefficient of 0.62 to 0.81 and for the Lubazhinkha catchment values in a range between 0.82 and 0.91. The spatial and temporal differentiated information of surface runoff is fundamental to a new developed calculation of rill erosion during snow melt situations which replaces the empirical erosion estimation of AGNPS. One rill for each raster cell is simulated on the assumption of a non-cohesive soil through water saturation and that soil frost does not hinder the deepening of the triangular rill profile. The soil erodibilty is a function of root parameters and diameter of water stable aggregates. The erosivity of the snow melt runoff in the rill is calculated in dependency of surface roughness and soil aggregate diameter. A spatial differentiated estimation of soil erosion is possible in combination with the routed surface runoff from the modified WASIM. In addition to the erosion estimation, the model system IWAN comprises a user interface for data conversion as well as pre- and post-processing options. The results of the model system application for both catchments demonstrate that the dominant processes of runoff generation as well as sediment loss are matched. For the Schaefertal a modelling agreement of r² equalling 0.94 and 0.91 is realised for the year of calibration 1994 and the year of validation 1995, respectively. With the exception of 1996 all periods of high flow and the falling dry of the channel in summer from 1996 until 2003 are represented satisfactorily with the calibrated set of parameters. On this basis, the total runoff volume of the observed and above discussed snow melt events has been modelled with a high degree of accuracy. The spatially differentiated calculation of soil moisture and soil frost occurrence results in a variable fraction of surface runoff on the total runoff for these events. Runoff volume, slope and flow length show positive sensitivities in the new snow melt erosion module. However, parameter combinations and non-linear algorithms, especially for root parameters and the Manning coefficient, may lead to more complex sensitivity properties. Thus, the simulation of soil erosion in the Schaefertal was first conducted with a set of parameters that was calibrated with results of erosion plot experiments. The average values of calculated erosion vary between 0.0006 and 0.96 t ha-1 for the six events from the Schaefertal. However, the median values and high standard deviations prove that most of the cells have low erosion values. The results for events with frozen soils are characterised by significant higher values of erosion. Despite similar total runoff volume i.e. of the events from 20.01.2001 and 26.02.2002 differences occur because of distinctions in runoff concentration on the north and south exposed slope. The spatial results are positively compared to field mapping in addition to a plausibility control of the calculated values. The adjustment of the calculated values for sediment load against the observations is done with calibration of the Manning coefficient for one randomly selected event. The sediment load in some footslope areas caused by runoff concentration is especially high and in the range of 0.0 to 13.84 t for single events. The event sediment yield is generally underestimated with the exception of the event on 26.02.2002. The total absolute error for the three winter seasons is 11 t. The difference between simulated and observed sediment load is highest for the 26.12.2002. This distinction may originate in the temporal variability and spatial heterogeneity of surface roughness against the background of soil frost influences and tillage operations. The general distribution of modelled sediment sources, transport pathways and connecting points to the channel are confirmed by field observations. However, a quantification of the spatial model results on the basis of the observed single events is not possible. For the Lubazhinkha catchment two sets of hydrological parameters are identified for the year of calibration 2004 which achieve satisfying results in comparison to the observed discharge. Although one of these set of parameters performed better in reproducing the peak flows of the snow melt situations, the spatial distribution of surface runoff generating areas was not plausible. Contrary, the second set of parameters characterises the lateral water flows and thus the important spatial soil moisture distribution in a more realistic way. However, the snow melt peak flows for the years of validation 2003 and 2005 are overestimated. The difference between the years, which was identified on the basis of the interpretation of the observations, is matched as well as the dynamic of runoff generation. Surface runoff generation on the flat interfluves areas and saturated areas in valley bottoms are modelled satisfactorily as well as the delayed runoff generation under forest stands. The model system simulates erosion sums of 10 to 280 t d-1 for a total of ten days with surface runoff in a range of 0.3 to 24.1 mm d-1 in the entire modelling period of three years. Considering the variable area of 5 to 46 % on which erosion takes place, the values of effective erosion vary between 0.1 and 0.32 t ha-1 for single days and between 0.44 to 0.92 t ha-1 for multi-day snow melts. The simulated sediment load at the catchment outlet range from 6.7 to 365.8 t per day and sums up to 246.2 t for the snow melt 2003. For the year 2004 99.9 t and for 2005 757.9 t are calculated. In comparison to the observations for the calibration year 2004, the sediment load is overestimated by 10 t or 12 %. The deviation for 2003 is -9 %, with the same set of parameters. The result for 2005 is with an error of 33 % not as good as in the two other years. Overall, the days of snow melt with a low amount of erosion cause additional mobilisation of sediment from the channel banks and contrary, high amount of erosion on the slopes result in deposition processes on the forest and pasture areas near in the valley bottom and in the channel itself. Thus, high sediment loads are estimated for the bottom slopes and the small V-shaped first order valleys. The sediment loads for the two sub-catchments differ significantly because of the spatially differentiated processes of runoff generation and soil erosion. For the days with runoff generation in forest areas higher sediment yields are calculated for the Lubazhinkha-subcatchment which is characterised by a higher degree of forested areas. Differences in slope-channel interaction and variations between the two subcatchments illustrated the overall high process relevance of the model results. The model system IWAN estimates for the Schaefertal and the Lubazhinkha catchment the spatial and temporal dynamics of surface runoff generation and the related erosion processes during snow melt episodes with high plausibility. The model approach demonstrates an option between model result aggregation at the catchment outlet and intensive spatial field observation and measurement within a catchment. The satisfactory modelling of processes for the Schaefertal, as well as for the Lubazhinkha catchment, forms the basis for the calculation of climate and land use scenarios. An analysis of the existing long-term dataset from the Schaefertal approves the general trend of warming, especially in the winter half year. Contrary, the instrument error for rainfall measurements disallows an identification of a trend in the present data. A total of 13 years with defined deviation of +2.5 to -2.5 °C and five years with a deviation of +0.5 °C from the average air temperature in winter (Jd 330-90) were selected from the data set. In contrast to the utilisation of weather generators, this selection provides a dataset with a combination of air temperature and rainfall/snow that is in accordance with typical atmospheric situations. The amount of rainfall for the winter period of the scenario years deviates -45 % to +75 % from the long term average of winter. The model results substantiate the role of weather situations such that an increased amount of rainfall does not automatically result in above-average runoff. Snow cover dynamics and soil frost occurrence are the controlling factors. The number of days with snow and the duration of each snow period are significant higher for scenarios with negative temperature deviation compared to the scenarios with positive deviation. Overall the results of the hydrological calculation of the scenarios show that extreme positive and negative deviations lead to increased surface runoff probability. The sums of erosion for single days with surface runoff varies between 4 to 141 t d-1 and are in direct relation to runoff volume due to the unchanged set of parameters. Generally the calculated sums of erosion for situations without soil frost are lower than with soil frost, but both types are in the range of values of the measured and modelled reference events. Also the calculated sediment yields from 0.03 to 13.15 t d-1 for the scenario days are in the range of the measurements. A higher variability could be expected when considering modifications to vegetation period or crop rotations. An interpretation of erosion and sediment yield on the basis of snow melt periods clarifies those scenarios with extreme deviations also tend to higher sediment export from the catchment. Transformation processes in the agricultural sector of Russia trigger fundamental changes in land use. Based on an analysis of the development of the past 15 years for the Lubazhinkha catchment a significant modification of the pasture, arable land and forest areas is probable in the future. This dynamic is reflected in five scenarios with area-specific changes in land use distribution. The variations range from scenarios with a foreign investor who extends the arable land to all suitable soils in the catchment, an expansion of forest areas in the frame of a governmental forest protection program to the development of small family farms with local market structures because of tourism. The calculated total runoff for the scenarios varies between 276.4 and 293.3 mm for the entire simulation period 2003 to 2005. Small positive or negative deviations occur compared to the as-is state in relation to the variable forest area and combined evapotranspiration. Contrary, the surface runoff shows large deviations of more than 20 mm for the three snow melt periods. These differences are pronounced for the scenario with highest portion of forest and pasture area in the years 2003 and 2005 that are characterised by soil frost and high water equivalent in snow. With only few exceptions the scenarios lead to an increase in simulated sediment yield at the catchment outlet. Moreover, the results document that a decrease of erosion on the slopes does not consequently result in a yield reduction. In the case of low sediment input from the slopes additional material from the channel bed and banks may attribute significantly to the sediment loading. An area specific comparison of two scenarios clarifies the importance of localisation of land use changes and the according connectivity of surface runoff areas and erosion areas to the channel. The scenarios document the increasing importance of extreme events that can be expected due to climate change. Additionally, the link of slope and channel processes, as attribute of a catchment, has to be considered in planning of management measures. The results prove for both catchments that the model system IWAN can be applied for estimating future potential sediment sources and sediment yield after successful calibration. Further research is needed in the question of transferability of the monitoring approach to other environments with a different, more complex hydrological catchment reaction and linked sediment sources and transport mechanisms. The model system IWAN can be improved by a dynamic calculation of rill network generation on the slope and a modification of the sediment transport algorithms. The transfer of the model system to other catchments has to be accompanied by a comprehensive sensitivity and uncertainty analysis especially respecting the model chain within IWAN.:Gliederung Gliederung V Liste der Abbildungen VII Liste der Tabellen XII 1 Einleitung und Fragestellung 3 1.1 Bodenerosion und Sedimentfracht in Einzugsgebieten 3 1.1.1 Abflussbildung, Bodenerosion und Sedimentaustrag 3 1.1.2 Winterliche Situationen 5 1.2 Modellierungsansätze 13 1.2.1 Modelle und Modellkopplungen 13 1.2.2 Probleme der Modellanwendung 17 1.3 Wissensdefizite und Zielstellung 23 2 Untersuchungsgebiete und Methoden 25 2.1 Schäfertal 25 2.1.1 Naturraum 25 2.1.2 Methoden 28 2.2 Lubazhinkha 31 2.2.1 Naturraum 31 2.2.2 Methoden 36 2.3 Datenverarbeitung 38 3 Ergebnisse und Diskussion des Monitorings in den Einzugsgebieten 41 3.1 Schäfertal 41 3.1.1 Abflussbildung 41 3.1.2 Stoffausträge bei Hochwasserereignissen 45 3.2 Lubazhinkha 54 3.2.1 Bedeutung der Schneeschmelze für den Stoffaustrag 54 3.2.2 Stoffdynamik während der Schneeschmelze 57 4 Modellentwicklung 69 4.1 Zielstellungen der Modellmodifikation und -entwicklung 69 4.2 WASIM-AGNPS 70 4.2.1 Wasserhaushaltsmodell WASIM 70 4.2.2 Stofftransportmodell AGNPS 72 4.2.3 Schnittstelle WASIM-AGNPS 74 4.3 Modifikation von WASIM für winterliche Abflussbildung 76 4.3.1 Grundlagen 76 4.3.2 Datenerhebung 77 4.3.3 Sensorauswahl 77 4.3.4 Ergebnisse 79 4.3.5 Empirisches Modell 82 4.3.6 Bodentemperaturteilmodul 83 4.3.7 Anpassung mit Daten aus dem Einzugsgebiet Lubazhinkha 85 4.4 Schneeschmelzerosionsmodell (SMEM) 87 4.4.1 Rillenprofil 87 4.4.2 Bodenerosion 90 4.4.3 Technische Umsetzung 96 4.5 Modellsystem IWAN 97 4.5.1 Schnittstelle SMEM-AGNPS 97 4.5.2 Graphische Benutzeroberfläche 99 5 Modellergebnisse und Diskussion 105 5.1 Schäfertal 105 5.1.1 Bodentemperatur 105 5.1.2 Hydrologie 108 5.1.3 Schneeschmelzerosion 113 5.1.4 Sedimentfracht 120 5.2 Lubazhinkha 126 5.2.1 Hydrologie 126 5.2.2 Schneeschmelzerosion 133 5.2.3 Sedimentfracht 137 6 Szenariorechnungen 143 6.1 Klimaszenarien Schäfertal 143 6.1.1 Szenarienauswahl 143 6.1.2 Modellergebnisse und Diskussion 148 6.2 Landnutzungsszenarien Lubazhinkha 158 6.2.1 Szenarienauswahl 158 6.2.2 Modellergebnisse und Diskussion 163 7 Schlussfolgerungen 169 7.1 Einzugsgebiete 169 7.2 Modellsystem IWAN 172 7.3 Szenarien 176 7.4 Forschungsbedarf 178 8 Zusammenfassung 179 9 Summary 189 10 Literatur 199 Appendix 207 Abkürzungen Modellübersicht Quellcode (VBA)
Chih-cheng, Chan, and 詹志成. "The impact of devaluation of the RMB on Mainland China''s and iwan''s exports--A comparative analysis." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37139793242608666244.
Full text淡江大學
大陸研究所
83
1979年至1992年間, 人民幣對美元匯率貶值幅度達287%, 人民幣匯率大幅 地貶值對中共有何經濟後果? 對兩岸以美國及日本為主的出口市場有何消 長之影響? 這是本文主要的研究目的。本文結合了「匯率決定理論」、「 發展中國家的匯率決定經驗」、「計劃經濟國家的匯率經驗」以及「中共 匯率制度的發展」, 探討人民幣匯率貶值對中共經濟的影響。其次, 本文 分別建立了海峽兩岸以美國及日本為目的市場之出口函數, 藉以衡量人民 幣匯率貶值對兩岸出口競爭消長的影響。本文研究結論有四: 1.發展中國 家及計畫經濟國家的匯率決定經驗可做為研究人民幣匯率演變的參考。 2.人民幣匯率在1980年以後大幅貶值, 但仍然呈現高估狀態。 3.人民幣 匯率貶值對中共之物價水準、出口獲利能力、國際收支餘B、外匯儲備以 及償債能力均有影響。 4.人民幣匯率貶值有利於中共對美、日兩國的出 口; 對臺灣則為不利。 During the period of 1979 and 1992, exchange rate of RMB to U.S. dollars devalued 287%.What impacts on Taiwan''s and Mainlandhina'' s exports to U.S.A and Japan?What impacts on Mainlandina''s economics? These are the main theme of this thesis. This thesis adopts the theory of exchange rate determinationBexperiences of developing countries and centrally planned economics and development of exchange rate management of mainland China.This thesis also building up Taiwan''s and Mainland China''s export functions to U.S.A. and Japan. Four conclusions are derived: 1.The experiences of developing countries and centrallylanned economics can be referenced. 2.The RMB devalued sharply,but is still overvalued. 3.The devaluation of the RMB impacts on Mainland China''srice level,earnings of exports,banlance of payments,foreign exchange reserves and ability to refund foreign debts. 4.The devaluation of the RMB is beneficial to the exports of Mainland China, but is''nt to Taiwan.
"Nonlinear Dynamics of Uncertain Multi-Joint Structures." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.38816.
Full textDissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Mechanical Engineering 2016
Iwan, Peter [Verfasser]. "Untersuchung der enzymatischen Synthese von (R)-(-)-Phenylacetylcarbinol mit geeigneten Muteinen der Pyruvatdecarboxylase aus Zymomonas mobilis / vorgelegt von Peter Iwan." 2002. http://d-nb.info/964217775/34.
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