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1
Savage, Glenn C., and Bob Lingard. "Vale Professor Jack Keating – 16 March 1947–21 July 2012." Journal of Education Policy 28, no. 4 (2013): 409–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680939.2013.804265.
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Gunderman, Richard B., and Mervyn D. Cohen. "John A. ‘Jack’ Smith, MD (Aug. 25, 1937–March 21, 2015)." Pediatric Radiology 45, no. 10 (2015): 1576–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00247-015-3427-4.
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Carter, K. K., G. W. Adams, M. S. Greenwood, and P. Nitschke. "Early family selection in jack pine." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20, no. 3 (1990): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x90-042.
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Twenty open-pollinated families of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) were grown for 16 to 21 months in two different greenhouse regimes, one providing an extended growing season with natural photoperiod and one employing control of temperature and photoperiod to accelerate growth cycles. Height measurements during and at the end of greenhouse growth were compared with height of 7-year-old seedlings of the same families growing in field tests. For both greenhouse regimes, height at the end of the second growth cycle was positively correlated with 7-year field height. Greenhouse measurements correctly classified the majority of families into upper and lower groups based on field heights. Early family selection in jack pine appears to have applications in long-term breeding strategies.
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Lynes, Jennifer, Stephanie Whitney, and Dan Murray. "Developing benchmark criteria for assessing community-based social marketing programs." Journal of Social Marketing 4, no. 2 (2014): 111–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsocm-08-2013-0060.
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Purpose – This article aims to propose that increased guidance on the implementation of social marketing principles for sustainability issues can advance both implementation and empirical evaluation. The primary goal of this paper is to ignite further empirical investigation of social marketing for sustainability by first presenting benchmark criteria for one social marketing model – community-based social marketing (CBSM) – and second, applying this framework to the case study of musician Jack Johnson’s “All at Once” (AAO) campaign. Design/methodology/approach – The research design is twofold. First, based on Doug McKenzie-Mohr’s CBSM model, a series of 21 benchmarks for assessing the key components of an effective CBSM initiative was developed. Second, this tool was applied to information gathered from Jack Johnson’s extensive outreach promoting AAO initiatives including reports, videos as well as interviews and in-person meetings with the Jack Johnson team. Findings – Application of the benchmark criteria to the Jack Johnson case study showed that seven out of the 21 benchmarks were integrated into the AAO campaign; seven were partially integrated and seven were not integrated in the program’s design. In particular, the use of commitments, incentives, norms and social diffusion was clearly present as was a final evaluation of the full-scale implementation of the campaign. Originality/value – The CBSM benchmarks are meant as a starting point to further assess and compare the effectiveness of CBSM initiatives. Further research should be done to explore how criteria should be weighted and which of the 21 principles need to be present in the design and implementation of an effective CBSM program.
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Grossnickle, Steven C., and Terence J. Blake. "Acclimation of cold-stored jack pine and white spruce seedlings: effect of soil temperature on water relation patterns." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 15, no. 3 (1985): 544–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x85-089.
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Cold-stored jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) and white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings were planted in a controlled environmental chamber providing an air temperature of 22 °C and soil temperatures of 22, 16, or 10 °C. After 21 days, observation of root growth for white spruce seedlings was limited at all soil temperatures, whereas jack pine seedlings showed limited root growth at a soil temperature of 10 °C but not at 22 °C. During 21 days of observation after removal from cold storage, stomatal response patterns changed during the transition phase from darkness to first light. Jack pine seedlings showed increasing stomatal opening at first light with greater stomatal opening for seedlings in the 22 °C root-temperature treatment, while all white spruce seedlings exhibited a greater stomatal closure during darkness. In both species, seedlings at lower soil temperatures experienced greater initial water stress than seedlings at higher soil temperatures, the difference being associated with a greater water-flow resistance through the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum (SPAC). In both species, xylem pressure potentials increased with time at all temperatures; a change attributable to a decline in water-flow resistance through the SPAC. The decline in water-flow resistance was possibly due to either a change in the permeability of older suberized roots or, as in jack pine at the higher soil temperature, a significantly greater development of new unsuberized white roots.
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Jacobi, Matthias, Nikolaus Reischl, Karolin Rönn, Robert A. Magnusson, Emanuel Gautier, and Roland P. Jakob. "Healing of the Acutely Injured Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Functional Treatment with the ACL-Jack, a Dynamic Posterior Drawer Brace." Advances in Orthopedics 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1609067.
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Background. The injured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has a limited healing capacity leading to persisting instability. Hypothesis/Purpose. To study if the application of a brace, producing a dynamic posterior drawer force, after acute ACL injury reduces initial instability. Study Design. Cohort study. Methods. Patients treated with the ACL-Jack brace were compared to controls treated with primary ACL reconstruction und controls treated nonsurgically with functional rehabilitation. Measurements included anterior laxity (Rolimeter), clinical scores (Lysholm, Tegner, and IKDC), and MRI evaluation. Patients were followed up to 24 months. Results. Patients treated with the ACL-Jack brace showed a significant improvement of anterior knee laxity comparable to patients treated with ACL reconstruction, whereas laxity persisted after nonsurgical functional rehabilitation. The failure risk (secondary reconstruction necessary) of the ACL-Jack group was however 21% (18 of 86) within 24 months. Clinical scores were similar in all treatment groups. Conclusion. Treatment of acute ACL tears with the ACL-Jack brace leads to improved anterior knee laxity compared to nonsurgical treatment with functional rehabilitation.
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Little, L. R. "Investigating competitive interactions from spatial patterns of trees in multispecies boreal forests: the random mortality hypothesis revisited." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 1 (2002): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b01-141.
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Plant competition is expected to produce an overdispersed spatial pattern relative to the initial pattern of individuals. The spatial patterns of two boreal forest tree species, Populus tremuloides Michx. (trembling aspen) and Pinus banksiana Lamb. (jack pine), were examined for evidence of intraspecific and interspecific competition. Data consisting of species, position, and age of tree stems were obtained from a 21-year-old, 40 m × 30 m postfire area of boreal forest in northern Alberta, Canada. Tree stems were mapped and classified according to size (greater or less than 5 cm in diameter at ground height) and species. A variation on the random mortality hypothesis was used to detect overdispersed patterns indicative of competitive interactions. This was done by comparing the size of neighbouring stems with those expected when the size or "success" of a stem occurred randomly. The results showed roughly two scales of pattern. First, large seed-regenerating jack pine neighboured each other more often than expected, but jack pine and trembling aspen neighboured each other less than expected. Second, although the large jack pine appeared to be clustered as neighbours, they tended to associate at distances farther than expected. These results show little evidence of density-dependence patterns in the species at the site, and the interspecific association between jack pine and trembling aspen could be indicative of a heterogeneous habitat.Key words: triangulation, size variability, Pinus banksiana, Populus tremuloides, jack pine, trembling aspen.
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Lamontagne, Manuel, Hank Margolis, and Francine Bigras. "Photosynthesis of black spruce, jack pine, and trembling aspen after artificially induced frost during the growing season." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 28, no. 1 (1998): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x97-184.
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Light-saturated photosynthesis following artificial frosts was monitored for black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). None of the species exposed to -9°C in May or to -6 and -9°C in August recovered within the 23- and 14-day monitoring periods, respectively. Black spruce and jack pine treated at -6°C in May recovered within 5 and 23 days, respectively. Black spruce treated at -3°C in August recovered within 10 days. Frosts were applied to the upper and lower canopies of mature black spruce and jack pine in June and to mature trembling aspen in July. For black spruce, the lower canopy did not recover whereas the upper canopy partially recovered over the 10-day monitoring period. For jack pine and trembling aspen, there were no differences in recovery between canopy levels. Jack pine treated at -5.5°C recovered within the 10-day monitoring period whereas at -8.5°C, it only partially recovered. Although recovery period varied with species, phenological state, and frost temperature, gradual recovery of photosynthesis over 5-21 days seems a reasonable modelling algorithm for boreal tree species when growing season frosts lower than -3°C occur. However, cooling rates in our experiments were greater than those that normally occur in nature.
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Stergas, R. L., and K. B. Adams. "Jack pine barrens in northeastern New York: postfire macronutrient concentrations, heat content, and understory biomass." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 7 (1989): 904–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-137.
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Macronutrient concentrations (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg), ash, high heat, and ash-free high heat contents were determined for current-year jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) foliage, huckleberry (Gaylussaciabaccata (Wang.) K. Koch.) and blueberry (Vacciniumangustifolium Ait.) foliage, and reindeer lichen (Cladoniarangiferina (L.) Web.) thallus in four fire-regenerated jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) stands in northeastern New York aged 21, 29, 46, and 67 years. Macronutrient concentrations and heat contents were usually lowest in lichen, but other species patterns differed with the variable. Overall, differences in macronutrient concentrations for each species in an age sequence were not significant. Comparisons of live aboveground understory biomass, macronutrient content, and heat content through the age sequence showed no significant differences, but the influence of stand age may have been masked by large spatial variability. If the wildfires that regenerated these jack pine stands caused serious nutrient losses, the adverse effects were no longer detectable with the methodology used in this study.
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Morris, Dave M., Douglas E. B. Reid, Martin Kwiaton, Shelley L. Hunt, and Andrew M. Gordon. "Comparing growth patterns of jack pine and black spruce in mixed natural stands and plantations." Écoscience 21, no. 1 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2980/21-1-3646.
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Roden, David B., and Gordon A. Surgeoner. "Survival, Development Time, and Pupal Weights of Larvae of Gypsy Moth Reared on Foliage of Common Trees of the Upper Great Lakes Region." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 8, no. 3 (1991): 126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/8.3.126.
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Abstract Survival, development time, and pupal weights of larvae were determined for gypsy moth reared on foliage of red oak, sugar maple, white birch, trembling aspen, white spruce, black spruce, jack pine, and balsam fir. Mortality was >50% on sugar maple and balsam fir, 35% on jack pine, and ≤15% on the other species. Female larvae developed significantly faster on trembling aspen foliage (29 days at 21°C) than on that of other species. Larvae reared on foliage of trembling aspen, white birch, or a mixture of foliage of either species and that of other species produced larger pupae than did other foliage combinations. North. J. Appl. For. 8(3):126-128.
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Wu, F. Y., and K. Y. Lin. "Ising model on the union jack lattice as a free fermion model." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 21, no. 7 (1988): 1739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/21/7/536.
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Eliazar, Tabitha Trianda, and Sandra A. Aziz. "Guano and Rice-Hull Ash Application for Flowering Induction on Orange Jessamine (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack)." Journal of Tropical Crop Science 2, no. 3 (2015): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.2.3.14-21.
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Orange jessamine (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) has high economical values due to its medicinal properties. Orange jessamine leaves contain flavonoid, mexotionin and coumarin. Orange jessamine flowers contain scopoletin that can lower blood pressure and can be used as an anti-inflammatory agent and as anti-allergic. Orange jessamine is often used as an ornamental plant because it has beautiful flowers similar to jasmine, has nice scent, and red color fruits. The aim of this research is to study the effects of guano and rice-hull ash application on flowering induction of orange jessamine. The research was conducted at an organic experimental farm, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga (6°30' – 6°45' S, 106°30'-106°45' E) from December 2014 to June 2015 using randomized complete block design. The experiment used four treatments, i.e. guano at 0.4 kg per plant, combination of guano (0.4 kg per plant) and rice-hull ash (3.0 kg per plant), rice-hull ash 3.0 kg per plant and without fertilisation as control. The results showed that the application of rice-hull ash increased plant height and leaf number. Guano application significantly increased the intensity of leaf color in mature orange jessamine leaves. Rice-hull ash application increased flower number at 12 and 20 weeks after application.Keywords: chlorophyll, flower number, flower weight, NPK value, organic farming
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King, Cecile. "T helper cell differentiation: IL‐21 and T helper cell differentiation: Jack of all trades?" Immunology & Cell Biology 86, no. 7 (2008): 554–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/icb.2008.51.
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Nakamura, Takeshi, and Akira Hamano. "Seasonal differences in the vertical distribution pattern of Japanese jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus: changes according to age?" ICES Journal of Marine Science 66, no. 6 (2009): 1289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp114.
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Abstract Nakamura, T., and Hamano, A. 2009. Seasonal differences in the vertical distribution pattern of Japanese jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus: changes according to age? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1289–1295. The Japanese jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus, is commercially and ecologically one of the most important fishery resources in Japanese waters. A clear understanding of the age-dependent, vertical distribution pattern is important for the effective and sustainable management of this resource. In this study, acoustic surveys were conducted from June to November 2001 in the western Sea of Japan to clarify seasonal differences. The survey area included a number of artificial reefs at depths >100 m. To identify fish species and determine the characteristics of the water column, simultaneous biological sampling and oceanographic surveys were carried out. The vertical distribution of Japanese jack mackerel varied with their age and size and between seasons. In June and July, aggregations of juvenile (age 0; <10 cm in length) Japanese jack mackerel were found in a layer between 20 and 50 m deep associated with a temperature range of 19–21°C. However, the age-0 aggregations were not observed from August to November. Conversely, the age-1+ schools aggregated around the artificial reefs when the temperature was <19°C. It is suggested that there are seasonal differences in the vertical distribution pattern between the early life and adult stages of Japanese jack mackerel. Because of the different vertical distributions of these life stages, acoustic backscatter information is useful for determining the age of the observed fish.
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Ghosh, Nirupam, and A. Vasudevarao. "Coefficient estimates for certain subclass of analytic functions defined by subordination." Filomat 31, no. 11 (2017): 3307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1711307g.
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In this article we determine the coefficient bounds for functions in certain subclasses of analytic functions defined by subordination which are related to the well-known classes of starlike and convex functions. The main results deal with some open problems proposed by Q.H. Xu et al.([20], [21]). An application of Jack lemma for certain subclass of starlike functions has been discussed.
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Kidd, Kathryn R., Carolyn A. Copenheaver, and Audrey Zink-Sharp. "Frequency and factors of earlywood frost ring formation in jack pine (Pinus banksiana) across northern lower Michigan." Écoscience 21, no. 2 (2014): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2980/21-2-3708.
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Whitney, R. D. "Armillaria Root Rot Damage in Softwood Plantations in Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 64, no. 4 (1988): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc64345-4.
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Armillaria root rot. caused most likely by Armillaria obscura (Pers) Herink, killed 6-to 21-year-old white spruce, black spruce, jack pine and red pine saplings in each of 49 plantations examined in northern Ontario. Annual mortality in the four species over the last 2 to 6 years averaged 1.4%, 1.5%, 0.5% and 0.2%, respectively. In all but one of 25 white spruce and red pine plantations (43 to 58 years old) in eastern and southern Ontario. Armillaria root rot was associated with mortality. Accumulated mortality in white spruce and red pine (initially recorded in 1978) averaged 7.6% and 11.7%, respectively, as of 1986. Current annual mortality for all plantations ranged from 0% to 16%. Key words: root rot. Armillaria obscura, white spruce, black spruce, jack pine, red pine.
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Sánchez-Gómez, Rubén, Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias, et al. "Reliability Study of Diagnostic Tests for Functional Hallux Limitus." Foot & Ankle International 41, no. 4 (2020): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100719901116.
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Background: Functional hallux limitus (FHL) refers to dorsiflexion hallux mobility limitation when the first metatarsal head is under loading conditions but not in the unloaded state. The goal of the study was to evaluate 3 common manual tests (Buell, Dananberg, and Jack tests) for assessing first metatarsophalangeal joint (MPJ) mobility and determining the normal values needed to detect FHL, and clarify the signs and symptoms associated with this pathology. Methods: Forty-four subjects were included in this reliability study. Subjects were divided into healthy control (non-FHL) and FHL groups according to the Buell first MPJ limitation values in addition to signs and symptoms derived from the literature. In both groups, we measured the mobility in the Buell, Dananberg, and Jack tests using a goniometer; their intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), sensitivities, and specificity indexes were also calculated. Results: All techniques showed high reliability across measurement trials with ICCs ranging from 0.928 to 0.999. The optimal mobility grades for predicting FHL were 68.6 ± 3.7 degrees, 21 ± 5.9 degrees, and 25.5 ± 6.5 degrees (mean±SD) ( P < .05) for the Buell, Dananberg, and Jack tests, respectively. Conclusion: Normal and limited mobility values were established for assessing FHL using each technique. The sensitivity and specificity data were perfect for the Dananberg and Jack tests, thus identifying these tests as specific and valid tools for use in FHL diagnosis. Pinch callus was the sign most associated with FHL. Level of Evidence: Level II, comparative series.
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Ferdousi, Aleya, Md Oliur Rahman, and Md Abul Hassan. "Seed germination behaviour of six medicinal plants from Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 21, no. 1 (2014): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v21i1.19270.
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This paper focuses on seed germination of six indigenous medicinal plants of Bangladesh, namely Adenanthera pavonina L., Helicteres isora L., Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, Psoralea corylifolia L., Uraria lagopodioides (L.) Desv. and U. picta (Jacq.) Desv. ex DC. The minimum days taken to germinate seeds in Adenanthera pavonina L., Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, Psoralea corylifolia L., Uraria lagopodioides (L.) Desv. and U. picta (Jacq.) Desv. ex DC. are 12, 36, 10, 39 and 14, respectively. Seeds were not germinated in Helicteres isora L. indicating that seeds are not suitable for propagation, however, propagation through stem cutting in this species revealed that plants flowers and set fruits in the same year and take only six to seven months. Epigeal type of seed germination was observed in all cases.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v21i1.19270Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 21(1): 71-76, 2014 (June)
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Raza, Ghulam, Mohan B. Singh, and Prem L. Bhalla. "Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Commercial Soybean Cultivars." Plants 9, no. 1 (2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9010038.
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The efficient regeneration of plants from commercial genotypes is a pre-requisite for successful genetic transformation, to apply modern crop improvement techniques such as CRISPR-based genome editing. Plant regeneration through the somatic embryogenesis pathway offers an advantage over the organogenesis approach, avoiding the risk of developing chimeras. Plant genotype, explant type, and media compositions play an essential role in the in-vitro regeneration of plants. This study aimed to characterize the commercially grown Australian soybean genotypes for their potential to induce somatic embryos, embryo proliferation, maturation, germination, and plant regeneration. Overall, nine soybean cultivars belonging to different maturity groups were evaluated. Immature cotyledon ranging from 2–4 and 4–6 mm in size were used as explants for somatic embryogenesis induction. Maximum somatic embryo induction frequency (86%) was observed from 4–6 mm immature cotyledons of the cv. Jack (MG III), followed by 66%, 26%, 21%, and 6% in cultivars Williams (MG III), Snowy (MG III), MoonB1 (MG V), and PNR791 (MG V), respectively. On the other hand, cv. Snowy showed maximum somatic-embryo-inducing potential (67%) in 2–4 mm immature cotyledons followed by Williams, Jack, MoonB1, and PNR791. Somatic embryos from Jack, Williams, and Snowy cultivars were further tested for embryo proliferation, maturation, and germination. Maximum proliferation and maturation were observed in cv. Jack, followed by Snowy and Williams. However, cv. Snowy showed a significantly higher conversion of cotyledonary stage embryos to plantlets (85%), than both Jack and Williams cultivars (53% each). In conclusion, this study outlined a protocol for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from three soybean cultivars. Our findings suggest commercial cv. Snowy could be a good candidate for developing transgenic plants through somatic embryogenesis.
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Groot, Peter De, Gary G. Grant, Reginald W. Nott, and Dorothy R. Langevin. "SEASONAL AND DIURNAL FLIGHT ACTIVITY OF MALE EUCOSMA GLORIOLA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 130, no. 3 (1998): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent130377-3.
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AbstractMales of Eucosma gloriola Heinrich (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) were caught in pheromone traps for about 5 weeks from 17 May to 21 June in 1996 in three 6-year-old plantations of jack pine, Pinus banksiana Lamb. (Pinaceae), located near Ramsey, Ontario. Peak flight occurred during the first week of June. Pheromone trap catch was greatest about 1 h before and after sunset (2130 hours EDT). Moth flight began when all jack pine pollen cones and vegetative shoots were still under bud scales, and when flights were nearly completed the pollen cones had completed shedding pollen and needle pairs were visible on the new shoots. Pheromone traps placed near the top of trees caught the most males, suggesting that males search for females at tree-top level and that some visual or chemical cue(s) of the host tree may enhance the response of males to pheromone-baited traps.
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Wu, Harry X., Cheng C. Ying, and John A. Muir. "Effect of geographic variation and jack pine introgression on disease and insect resistance in lodgepole pine." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 5 (1996): 711–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-081.
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Incidence of western gall rust (Endocronartiumharknessii (J.P. Moore) Y. Hiratsuka), stalactiform blister rust (Cronartiumcoleosporioides Arth.), needle cast (Lophodermellaconcolor (Dearn.) Darker), and sequoia pitch moth (Synanthedonsequoiae (Hy. Edwards) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae)) attacks were investigated in a lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. ex Loud, van latifolia Engelm.) provenance–family test plantation located at Red Rock Tree Improvement Station, Prince George, British Columbia. This plantation contains 778 wind-pollinated families from 53 provenances in British Columbia, Alberta, and the Yukon Territory. Pest incidence was assessed in 1993 when the plantation was 21 years old. Provenance had a significant effect on resistance to the four disease and insect attacks. Regression models using latitude, longitude, and elevation as predictors accounted for 38% to 80% of the provenance variation in pest incidence. Geographic patterns of genetic variation in pest resistance essentially followed longitudinal and elevational clines. The most interesting finding is the strong relationship between pest incidence and provenance distance to the western limit of the natural range of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb,): the closer a lodgepole pine provenance is to the edge of jack pine distribution, the higher is its resistance to the pests. We hypothesize that jack pine introgression may have played a significant role in the evolution of pest defense in lodgepole pine. Effective selection and breeding for pest resistance in lodgepole pine may have to look beyond the intraspecific gene pool.
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Jiménez, Andrea A., Luis A. De Lucio, Amado A. Solano, Luis O. Escudero, and Cinthia E. Vasquez. "First record of Carangoides otrynter (Jordan & Gillbert, 1883) (Perciformes: Carangidae) in Pacasmayo, northern Peru." Check List 13, no. 3 (2017): 2147. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/13.3.2147.
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The Threadfin Jack (Carangoides otrynter) is recorded for the first time in the port of Pacasmayo, northern Peru (07°26′18″ S, 079°35′02″ W), based on specimens caught on 22 January 2016 by artisanal fishers. The biometric characteristics of two specimens are 26 and 21 cm total length and 281.82 and 168.12 g total weight, respectively. The presence of this species in the area could be associated with the entry of a Kelvin wave during the El Niño-Southern Oscillation event.
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Van Damme, Laird. "Sowing Method and Seed Treatment Effects on Jack Pine Direct Seeding." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 5, no. 4 (1988): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/5.4.237.
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Abstract Jack pine seed from local seed sources received six treatment combinations by Hilleshog AB of Sweden as follows: (1) control, no treatment, (2) pelleting, (3) coloring, (4) pelleting and coloring, (5) coloring and scenting, and (6) pelleting, coloring and scenting. Laboratory tests performed by Hilleshog AB, a Swedish agriculture seed treating company that pelleted the test seed, showed pelleting to slow the rate of germination, but germination capacity was greater than 90% after 21 days for all treatments. Treated seed were factorially combined with hand and mechanical sowing methods with Bracke scarification in May 1984 on a sandy jack pine site west of Thunder Bay. Another treatment consisted of manually made pyramidal impressions from a corrugated pallet, which compacted the upper-mid-slope region of the scalp. This treatment, randomized within the 2 × 6 factorial design was then hand sown with untreated seed. Percentage of stocked scalps 2 months after germination showed hand sowing to be superior to machine sowing (45% vs 36%). Hand-sown untreated seed performed slightly better than treated seed (58% vs 32%-49%), but differences between seed treatments were not significant when sown by machine. Best results were obtained from untreated seed sown onto the upper slope of a Bracke scalp stabilized by the corrugated pallet (79%). Microsite stabilization appears critical for successful stocking of jack pine and merits further study toward scarification machinery modification. North. J. Appl. For. 5:237-240, December 1988.
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Martin, Jennifer L., and Stith T. Gower. "Boreal mixedwood tree growth on contrasting soils and disturbance types." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, no. 4 (2006): 986–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-306.
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Mixedwood forests are an ecologically and economically important ecosystem in the boreal forest of northern Canada. The objectives of this study were to (i) compare the ageheight relationships for dominant tree species growing on two contrasting soil types and originating from different disturbances (logging versus wildfire), and (ii) determine the influence of competition on tree growth. Eight stands were selected that encompassed two age-classes replicated on two soil types (clay loam and sand) in a split-plot design. Four of the eight stands originated from logging (2126 years old), and <F"Times">the four others originated from wildfires (80 years old). Nonlinear ageheight analyses were used to compare annual height and radial increment growth of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). Species, soil type, and size class explained significant amounts of the measured variation in the ageheight models. Aspen, black spruce, and jack pine were 16%, 27%, and 19% taller, respectively, on clay soils than on sandy soils at the burned stand. Tree heights did not differ significantly among species or between soil types in logged stands. Diameter growth decreased as competition increased for black spruce and jack pine in the burned stands. The results for these three important boreal tree species are discussed in the context of sustainable forestry for boreal mixedwood forests.
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Bouriaud, Olivier, David Frank, and Jagtar S. Bhatti. "Assessing the influence of climate—water table interactions on jack pine and black spruce productivity in western central Canada." Écoscience 21, no. 3-4 (2014): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2980/21-(3-4)-3707.
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Molinares, Diana Margarita, Timothy T. Davis, Daniel A. Fung, et al. "Is the lateral jack-knife position responsible for cases of transient neurapraxia?" Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 24, no. 1 (2016): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.3.spine14928.
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OBJECT The lateral jack-knife position is often used during transpsoas surgery to improve access to the spine. Postoperative neurological signs and symptoms are very common after such procedures, and the mechanism is not adequately understood. The objective of this study is to assess if the lateral jack-knife position alone can cause neurapraxia. This study compares neurological status at baseline and after positioning in the 25° right lateral jack-knife (RLJK) and the right lateral decubitus (RLD) position. METHODS Fifty healthy volunteers, ages 21 to 35, were randomly assigned to one of 2 groups: Group A (RLD) and Group B (RLJK). Motor and sensory testing was performed prior to positioning. Subjects were placed in the RLD or RLJK position, according to group assignment, for 60 minutes. Motor testing was performed immediately after this 60-minute period and again 60 minutes thereafter. Sensory testing was performed immediately after the 60-minute period and every 15 minutes thereafter, for a total of 5 times. Motor testing was performed by a physical therapist who was blinded to group assignment. A follow-up call was made 7 days after the positioning sessions. RESULTS Motor deficits were observed in the nondependent lower limb in 100% of the subjects in Group B, and no motor deficits were seen in Group A. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between the 2 groups with respect to the performance on the 10-repetition maximum test immediately immediately and 60 minutes after positioning. Subjects in Group B had a 10%–70% (average 34.8%) decrease in knee extension strength and 20%–80% (average 43%) decrease in hip flexion strength in the nondependent limb. Sensory abnormalities were observed in the nondependent lower limb in 98% of the subjects in Group B. Thirty-six percent of the Group B subjects still exhibited sensory deficits after the 60-minute recovery period. No symptoms were reported by any subject during the follow-up calls 7 days after positioning. CONCLUSIONS Twenty-five degrees of right lateral jack-knife positioning for 60 minutes results in neurapraxia of the nondependent lower extremity. Our results support the hypothesis that jack-knife positioning alone can cause postoperative neurological symptoms.
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Janas, P. S., and D. G. Brand. "Comparative Growth and Development of Planted and Natural Stands of Jack Pine." Forestry Chronicle 64, no. 4 (1988): 320–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc64320-4.
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This study compares growth yield, and stem quality differences at age 21 between plantations spaced at 2.13 × 2.13 m (2204 stems/ha) and 4.27 × 4.27 m (548 stems/ha), and a nearby natural jack pine stand of identical age (initial density of 29 800 stems/ha). Merchantable volume/ha was greatest at the 2.13 m spacing, followed by the less dense plantation and natural stand. Total volume/ha (trees > 1.3 m height) was also greatest in the 2.13 m plantation, followed by the natural stand and the 4.27 m plantation. Individual tree mean merchantable volumes decreased with increasing density. Height growth decreased with increasing density. Height 4.27 m plantation relative to the 2.13 m plantation. Stem quality of the natural stand was markedly better than in both plantations. A comparison of an older natural stand and a plantation in the same area suggests that superiority of tree form of denser natural stands will continue through to rotation. High mortality in the natural stand was largely the result of snow and ice damage which caused patchy and irregular stocking. These results imply that widely spaced plantations of unimproved jack pine will produce large individual tree sizes, but at the expense of quality. Key words: Pinus banksiana, plantations, natural stands, stem quality growth and yield, stand density, mortality, spacing, silviculture.
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Weber, M. G. "Decomposition, litter fall, and forest floor nutrient dynamics in relation to fire in eastern Ontario jack pine ecosystems." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, no. 12 (1987): 1496–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x87-232.
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Decomposition, litter fall, and nutrient and organic matter turnover rates were determined in five eastern Ontario jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) stands having various burning histories, including wildfire. The stands included a 65-year-old age-class (stand No. 1), two stands within this age-class that were treated with nonlethal understorey fires in 1962 and 1963 (stand Nos. 2 and 3, respectively), a 21-year-old age-class (stand No. 4), and an 8-year-old age-class (stand No. 5) created by experimental burning plots within the 21-year-old age-class. Overstorey and understorey litter decomposition was assessed separately using the litterbag (1-mm mesh size) technique over a 2-year period. Overstorey litter weight loss did not vary among stands and understorey litter lost significantly more weight (P < 0.05) in the older age-classes (stands 1,2, and 3) compared with the younger stands (stands 4 and 5). Litterbag nutrient dynamics between overstorey and understorey were significantly different (P < 0.05) for P, K, and Cain all stands. Magnesium and N dynamics were the same in both litter types on all treatments, as was Fe, except in the 65-year-old stand where significantly more Fe was accumulated in understorey litter (P < 0.04) at the end of the litterbag exposure period. Three-year averages of annual litter fall ranged from 119 kg•ha−1•year−1 in the 8-year-old age-class to 4182 kg•ha−1•year−1 in the older stands. Nutrient inputs through litter fall reflect the developmental stage occupied by the younger stands along a continuum leading to equilibrium conditions of the 65-year-old age-class. Forest floor nutrient and organic matter residence times (or annual fractional turnover) were longest (least amount cycled) in the 8-year-old stand (57.6 years for organic matter), indicating harsh environmental controls over nutrient dynamics. Recovery for the 21-year-old age-class to turnover rates approaching equilibrium conditions (10-year residence time for organic matter) was rapid, demonstrating ecosystem stability in its interaction with fire. Detrimental effects on ecosystem processes can be expected if a stand-replacing fire recurs during early stages of jack pine ecosystem development.
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Preston, Caroline M., Jagtar S. Bhatti, and Charlotte E. Norris. "Chemical quality of aboveground litter inputs for jack pine and black spruce stands along the Canadian Boreal Forest Transect Case Study." Écoscience 21, no. 3-4 (2014): 202–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2980/21-(3-4)-3690.
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Bell, F. W., and D. G. Pitt. "Seasonal susceptibility of boreal plants: red raspberry phenology as a bioindicator of optimum within-season timing of glyphosate applications." Forestry Chronicle 83, no. 5 (2007): 733–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc83733-5.
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In Canada, forest managers operating under public licenses are under pressure from the public to cease using herbicides or at minimum reduce the quantity of active ingredient applied in the environment. Lacking in their decision-making toolbox is information about biological cues that could help optimize herbicide performance. In 1990, two rates of the herbicide glyphosate, 1.1 and 1.7 kg acid equivalent (a.e.) ha-1, were applied bi-weekly between July 21 and September 25 using a backpack sprayer to release jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) seedlings from red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L. var. strigosus (Michx.) Maxim.) competition. On average, the higher application rate reduced raspberry cover by at least 6% more than the lower rate (p < 0.01). Control of raspberry was poor with the earliest application, peaked with mid- to late-summer applications, and decreased with late-season applications. Peak jack pine performance, as measured by stem volume index, followed a mid-August application at the low rate. Earlier applications resulted in substantial herbicide injury and later applications were not as effective at reducing raspberry competition. The optimum timing for jack pine performance corresponded with the period between the beginning of raspberry's floricane senescence (i.e., end of full flowering) and the initiation of primocane senescence (i.e., fruit maturation). Seedlings released in mid-August maintained a growth advantage over other seedlings from the fifth through to the tenth year of this study. Discerning forest managers may choose to use phenological cues from the target species, such as red raspberry, as a bioindicator of glyphosate efficacy. Key words: forest vegetation management, herbicides, herbicide efficacy, phenology, Pinus banksiana, Vision®, glyphosate, Rubus idaeus
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Petrov, A. N., and E. L. Nevrova. "Extrapolative Estimation of Benthic Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) Species Diversity in Different Marine Habitats of the Crimea (Black Sea)." International Journal of Biodiversity 2013 (April 18, 2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/975459.
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Benthic diatoms species richness was analyzed based on 93 samples collected at 8 areas of Crimea (Black Sea) on sandy/muddy bottoms within depth range 6–48 m. Totally 433 species were found. Expected species richness Sexp was estimated by application of Jack-knife -1 and -2, Chao-2, and Karakassis-S∞ estimators. Magnitude of Sexp, resulted from S∞, displayed the most similar values to the observed species number (Sobs). Overestimation of Sobs (10–13%) occurred for small number of samples (<12), and slight underestimation (3–5%) occurred when sample numbers exceeded 40–43. The other estimators gave large overestimated results (Chao—from 21 to 70% higher than Sobs, Jack-knife—23–58%). The relationship between number of samples (X) and number of observed species (Y) was calculated considering all 93 samples: Y=79.01lnx+34.95. Accordingly, not less than 10 samples are required for disclosing about 50% of the total species richness (433); to detect 80% (347 species) not less than 46 samples should be considered. Different configurations of S∞ method were applied to optimize its performance. The most precise results can be achieved when the calculation of the Sexp is based on sequences of randomized samples with sampling lags of 10 to 15.
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Dillasamola, Dwisari, Surya Dharma, and Nurul Qalbi Al Khaira. "Perbandingan Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Defatting dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Benalu Kopi Scurrula Ferruginea (Jack) Danser terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Mencit Putih Jantan." Scientia : Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan 5, no. 2 (2015): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.36434/scientia.v5i2.31.
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Telah dilakukan penelitian terhadap aktivitas hipoglikemik dari ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak etanol defatting dari daun kering Scurrula ferruginea terhadap mencit putih jantan. Tujuan dari penggunaan 2 tipe ekstrak ini adalah untuk membandingkan pengaruhnya terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah. Pada penelitian ini digunakan 35 ekor mencit putih jantan dengan usia 2-3 bulan. Hewan percobaan dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok perlakuan, terdiri dari 1 kelompok kontrol (Na CMC 0,5%); 3 kelompok ekstrak etanol deffating masing-masing dengan dosis 2 mg / 20g, 4 mg / 20g dan 8 mg / 20g; dan 3 kelompok ekstrak etanol masing-masing dengan dosis 2 mg / 20gBB, 4 mg / 20gBB, dan 8 mg / 20gBB. Perlakuan dilaksanakan selama 21 hari. Kadar glukosa darah mencit dianalisis pada hari ke 7,14 dan 21 setelah perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan paling signifikan dari kadar glukosa darah terlihat pada kelompok yang diobati dengan ekstrak etanol dosis 4 mg / 20g (p <0,05). Ekstrak etanol menunjukkan hasil yang efektif dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dibandingkan dengan ekstrak etanol deffatting.
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Taufika, Rahmi, Sandra Arifin Aziz, and Maya Melati. "PRODUKSI FLAVONOID DAUN KEMUNING (Murraya paniculata L. Jack) PADA DOSIS PUPUK ORGANIK DAN INTERVAL PANEN YANG BERBEDA." Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat 27, no. 1 (2016): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bullittro.v27n1.2016.27-35.
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<p class="IsiabstrakIndonesia">Kemuning (<em>Murraya paniculata</em>) telah digunakan secara tradisional sebagai tanaman obat karena mengandung metabolit sekunder yang memiliki berbagai fungsi. Pemupukan dengan pupuk organik dan interval panen dapat meningkatkan produksi metabolit sekunder, terutama flavonoid. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi dosis pupuk organik dan interval panen yang berbeda terhadap produksi flavonoid daun kemuning. Penelitian dilaksanakan sejak Juni 2014 sampai Februari 2015 di Kebun Percobaan Organik IPB, Cikarawang, Bogor. Percobaan disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan faktor (1) pupuk organik menggunakan 8 kombinasi dosis pupuk kandang ayam (PA) dan abu sekam (AS) yaitu kontrol; 0 kg PA + 3 kg AS; 7 kg PA + 0 kg AS; 7 kg PA + 3 kg AS; 14 kg PA + 0 kg AS; 14 kg PA + 3 kg AS; 21 kg PA + 0 kg AS; 21 kg PA + 3 kg AS pertanaman dan (2) 3 interval panen (2, 3, dan 4 bulan). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji F dan taraf DMRT 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kombinasi dosis pupuk organik dengan berbagai dosis yang berbeda tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P&gt;0,05) terhadap semua parameter yang diamati. Perlakuan interval panen nyata meningkatkan produksi daun berupa berat basah dan kering daun total pada interval panen 4 bulan masing-masing sebesar 914,92 g tanaman<sup>-1</sup>, 258,53 g tanaman<sup>-1</sup>. Perlakuan interval panen memberikan pengaruh terhadap produksi senyawa flavonoid total, antosianin, protein, klorofil total, dan aktivitas antioksidan. Interval panen 2 bulan menghasilkan klorofil total tertinggi sebesar 1,72 mg g BB<sup>-1</sup>.Interval panen 4 bulan menunjukkan aktivitas enzim PAL (7,915 x 10<sup>-5</sup> mg CA eq g BB<sup>-1</sup>), produksi protein (7,96 mg tanaman<sup>-1</sup>), flavonoid total (682,82 mg tanaman<sup>‑1</sup>), antosianin (1,17 mg tanaman<sup>-1</sup>), dan aktivitas antioksidan (76,51%) tertinggi. Tidak ada interaksi antara pemberian pupuk organik dengan interval panen semua parameter pengamatan.</p>
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Stover, Dawn, David Creech, and F. Stephen. "THE FIRST FLOWERING EVENT OF CORPSE FLOWER, Amorphophallus titanum, IN TEXAS." HortScience 40, no. 3 (2005): 878f—879. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.3.878f.
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Amorphophallus titanum, corpse flower or titan arum, was discovered in 1878 in Sumatra, Indonesia by the Italian botanist Odoardo Beccari. The plant first bloomed in cultivation at Kew in 1889 and the first flowering event in the U.S. was a sensation in 1937 at the New York Botanical Garden. With fewer than thirty recorded flowering events in the U.S., the foul-smelling flower always excites the public and attracts great media attention. On 12 July 2004, a specimen at the SFA Mast Arboretum flowered successfully and Jack became the first-ever corpse flower to bloom in Texas. The SFA Mast Arboretum accessioned Jack as a small corm in June 2000. The plant has spent winters in a climate-controlled greenhouse and summers in a humid shade house and has annually produced a strong leaf stalk and umbrella like leaf blade before collapsing in December or January. In March 2004, the corm weighed 26 lb before placement in a larger pot. The inflorescence emerged in early June 2004, reached 61 inches 11 July, opened 12 July, and collapsed after 77 hours. Fresh pollen from a University of Connecticut plant was flown in but a pollination effort eight hours after opening failed. Jack's corm weighed 21 lb when moved into the greenhouse in November 2004, and remains dormant. Detailed information and a complete pictorial history are available at http://arboretum.sfasu.edu/events/amt/index.htm.
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Berghe, Eric P. van Den, and Mart R. Gross. "Length of breeding life of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 7 (1986): 1482–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-221.
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Since Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) die on the breeding grounds after spawning, duration of individual life may affect survival of deposited eggs. In addition, breeding life of both sexes has implications for estimates of size of spawning populations. We therefore examined the contributions of body size, population density, water level, season, and year to length of breeding life in individual coho salmon (O. kisutch). Age 3 breeding males and females lived an average of 9 days (range, 2–30 days), and 2-year-old "jack" males averaged 8 days (range, 2–21 days). Sixteen percent of the variance among age 3 males and 44% of the variance among females could be explained by the variables examined. Density of adults made a significant negative contribution to life-span, while water level, season, and year were insignificant. Body size was the most important variable in explaining breeding life-span, being positively related and accounting for 10% and 36% of the variance in 3-year-old males and females, respectively. In contrast, none of these variables explained the observed variation in jack male breeding life. The differences between the sexes and between 2- and 3-year-old males are consistent with levels of competition on the breeding grounds. We show that the results on individual body size and breeding life span can be used to offset biases in population estimates.
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Pelletier, Gervais, and Sylvie Laliberté. "Effect of embryo orientation on the developmental sequence of adventitious organogenesis in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)." Canadian Journal of Botany 78, no. 10 (2000): 1348–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b00-105.
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The developmental sequence of adventitious organogenesis in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) embryos was analysed depending on two explant orientations. Embryos were placed vertically (cotyledons downward) or horizontally on half-strength Schenk and Hildebrandt medium containing 10 µM 6-benzylaminopurine. Samples were harvested at 2- to 3-day intervals for a 21-day period and observed using light and electron microscopy. In vertically placed embryos, cotyledons were inserted into the medium and became necrotic, while buds and phylloids developed on the upper part of the hypocotyl and in the apical area, 14 and 9 days after culture initiation respectively. In horizontally cultured embryos, organogenesis started in the intercotyledonary areas (day 11) and spread to the abaxial surface of cotyledonary margins outside the medium (day 14). A few buds also developed on the adaxial surface of cotyledons, starting on day 16. In the apical area, phylloid formation started on day 18. Nodules were induced in tissues in contact with the medium for both orientations, but in distinct sites. Embryo orientation influenced the localization of induction sites and the time sequence of organogenesis. The pattern for the mobilization of proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides prior to organogenesis was similar for both orientations. A depletion in proteins and polysaccharides did not occur in tissues in contact with the culture medium.Key words: adventitious organogenesis, embryo culture, explant orientation, jack pine, microscopy, Pinus banksiana.
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Rao, M. S. "Twenty-one success sutras for chief executives." Human Resource Management International Digest 23, no. 2 (2015): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hrmid-01-2015-0006.
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Purpose – Provides chief executives with 21 tools for success in the turbulent global business environment. Design/methodology/approach – Illustrates the main points with the examples of such successful international leaders as Jack Welch, Steve Jobs, A. G. Lafley, Lakshmi Niwas Mittal, Jeff Bezos, Herb Kelleher and Tony Hsieh. Findings – Emphasizes the importance of valuing people, adapting to change, encouraging innovation and training for the future. Practical implications – Demonstrates how to overcome leadership challenges, including those from the increasing scope and pace of change and the growing internationalism of business. Social implications – Argues that successful chief executives are able to get the best out of their people and understand their customers, no matter what their background. Originality/value – Helps leaders to overcome volatility, complexity and ambiguity and even turn them to their advantage.
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Bhatti, Jagtar S., and Rachhpal S. Jassal. "Long term aboveground litterfall production in boreal jack pine (Pinus banksiana) and black spruce (Picea mariana) stands along the Boreal Forest Transect Case Study in western central Canada." Écoscience 21, no. 3-4 (2014): 301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2980/21-(3-4)-3699.
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Raffle, V. L., N. A. Anderson, G. R. Furnier, and R. L. Doudrick. "Variation in mating competence and random amplified polymorphic DNA inLaccaria bicolor(Agaricales) associated with three tree host species." Canadian Journal of Botany 73, no. 6 (1995): 884–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b95-096.
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We examined the population genetic structure of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor (Maire) Orton using single spore homokaryotic cultures from 33 basidiomes collected in northern Minnesota in association with red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) of three age-classes (0–20 years, 21–40 years, and > 41 years). Mating competence between cultures of isolates, as determined by the presence of clamp connections, revealed the presence of two subpopulations that were not freely interbreeding, one composed of 29 dikaryons, the other of 3 dikaryons. Phenetic cluster analysis using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers did not reveal differentiation between these subpopulations. Clustering failed to reveal genetically distinct groups based on incompatibility group, tree host species, or geographic origin of isolates. Key words: heterogenic incompatibility, RAPD, population genetics.
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McLoughlin, John Grant. "Solutions to Calendar." Mathematics Teacher 90, no. 7 (1997): 562–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.90.7.0562.
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Problems 1, 6, 26, and 27 were contributed by Harry Simon, 701 Viola Street, Eunice, LA 70535-4339. Problems 2, 7–11, 18, 19, 22, 25 and 31 were prepared by Bob Tex Kenney, P. 0. Box 454, Saipan, MP 96950. Problems 3, 4, 5, 21, and 23 were adapted from Mathematical Quickies by Charles W. Trigg (Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 1985). Problems 12–14 and 20 were offered by Morris Jack DeLeon, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431. Problem 15 was submitted by Enrico Uva, Outreach Schools, 1741 de Biencourt, Montreal, PQ H4E 1T4. Problems 16, 17, and 24 were adapted from The Moscow Puzzles: 359 Mathematical Recreations by Bons A. Kordemsky (Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 1992). Problems 29 and 30 were contributed by Mark Harbison, 5737 College Avenue, #23, San Diego, CA 92120.
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Niejenhuis, Annette van, and William H. Parker. "Adaptive variation in jack pine from north central Ontario determined by short-term common garden tests." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 11 (1996): 2006–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-226.
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To improve our understanding of adaptive variation in jack pine, Pinusbanksiana Lamb., from north central Ontario, 64 seed sources were grown in three common garden tests, and relationships were determined between seedling performance and environment at seed origin. Twenty-three growth and phenological variables were studied, including seedling heights, needle flushing dates, timing of shoot elongation, fall foliage colour change, and drought survival. Significant components of variation were expressed among seed sources for all growth traits and many phenological characters. Linear regressions were run between seedling traits and climatic variables as well as spatial, soil, and vegetative variables that described the environment at seed origin. Resulting coefficients of determination were as high as 0.30. Principal component analysis was used to summarize the variation, with 33% and 21% of the variation accounted for by the first and second components, respectively. Regressions and mapping of principal component analysis scores indicated that the patterns of variation in this portion of the range of jack pine were clinal in nature; the patterns could be predicted by environment at seed origin. The greater growth potential of seedlings from the southwestern portion of the range, in contrast with those of the north shore of Lake Superior, reflected clinal trends seen in previous studies. Multiple regressions were run on the first and second sets of factor scores produced from principal component analysis against the climate variables, resulting in coefficients of determination of 0.30 and 0.38, respectively. Including soil and vegetative variables in the models resulted in only slightly higher coefficients. Thus, climate at seed origin should be considered as the prime factor when seed transfers are necessary in this area.
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Turin, Sergey Y., Megan Fracol, Eric Keller, et al. "Gluteal Vein Anatomy: Location, Caliber, Impact of Patient Positioning, and Implications for Fat Grafting." Aesthetic Surgery Journal 40, no. 6 (2019): 642–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjz260.
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Abstract Background Deaths in gluteal autografting occur due to gluteal vein injuries, but data are lacking on the precise location and caliber of these veins. Objectives The authors sought to present the first in vivo study of gluteal vein anatomy utilizing magnetic resonance imaging. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging venography of 16 volunteer hemi-sections was conducted in the supine, prone, prone with a bump (jack-knife), and left and right decubitus positions in 1 session after a single contrast administration. Caliber and course of the superior and inferior gluteal veins (SGV/IGV) were analyzed vs bony landmarks and position changes. Results The SGV has a very short submuscular course before splitting into 2 smaller branches superolaterally. The IGV runs immediately deep to the gluteus maximus in the center of the buttock as a single large trunk, on average 56 mm deep (mean 27 mm of muscle belly and 30 mm subcutaneous fat). No intramuscular or subcutaneous branches greater than 2 mm were found. In the prone position, the IGV and SGV have an average caliber of 5.96 mm and 5.63 mm. Vessel caliber decreased by 21% and 27%, respectively, in the jack-knife position and by 14% and 15% in lateral decubitus. Conclusions The SGV and IGV are immediately deep to gluteus maximus approximately 6 cm deep with a caliber on the order of 6 mm in the prone position. The distribution of these vessels suggests there is no “safe zone” in the intramuscular or submuscular planes. The jackknife or lateral decubitus positions can decrease vein caliber by up to 27%, possibly reducing the risk of injury due to either traction or direct cannula impact.
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Morton, Carlos, and Antonio Prieto Stambaugh. "Los Sinpadre." Investigación Teatral. Revista de artes escénicas y performatividad 11, no. 17 (2020): 150–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25009/it.v11i17.2632.
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Los Sinpadre (título original Los Fatherless) es una obra inédita del reconocido dramaturgo chicano Carlos Morton, inspirada en un cuento del escritor Margarito Rodríguez. La versión original bilingüe, que trata sobre las pandillas juveniles de la zona fronteriza México-E.U.A., se estrenó en 1991 bajo la dirección de Cora Cardona en el Teatro Dallas (Texas). La versión que publicamos aquí, con permiso del dramaturgo, fue realizada en colaboración con Teatro La Fragua, compañía independiente con 40 años de trayectoria, ubicada en la ciudad de El Progreso, Honduras. Jack Warner, director de Teatro La Fragua, adaptó la obra al contexto local de las Maras Salvatrucha, conocidas pandillas criminales centroamericanas. La versión hondureña de Los Sinpadre se estrenó en 2006 bajo la dirección de Warner, pastor jesuita afiliado a la Teología de la Liberación. La obra representa un importante ejemplo de colaboración entre creadores chicanos y centroamericanos, unidos por la problemática de las pandillas juveniles.Recibido: 12 de diciembre de 2019Aceptado: 21 de enero de 2020
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Cabral-Solís, E. G., and E. Espino-Barr. "DISTRIBUCIÓN Y ABUNDANCIA ESPACIO- TEMPORAL DE LOS PECES EN LA LAGUNA DE CUYUTLÁN, COLIMA, MÉXICO." CICIMAR Oceánides 19, no. 1-2 (2004): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v19i1-2.15.
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Se analiza la abundancia en tiempo y espacio de los peces recolectados durante 18 muestreos mensuales en 21 estaciones distribuidas en la Laguna de Cuyutlán, México, durante el período de marzo a junio de 1999 y de octubre de 1999 a diciembre de 2000. Se recolectaron 1,719 organismos ícticos que pertenecen a 22 familias. Las especies más abundantes fueron: la mojarra rayada (Gerres cinereus) con 43.86 %, lebrancha (Mugil curema) con 24.89 %, mala capa (Diapterus peruvianus) con 6.34 %, sardina crinuda (Opisthonema libertate) con 5.29 % y con 3 % el jurel (Caranx caninus) y la piña (Oligo plitesaltus).La riqueza específica varió de 3.52 en mayo de 1999 a 15.48 en octubre de 2000. La equitatividad fluctuó de 0 en la estación 18, ubicada en el vaso de Palo Verde, a 0.93 en la estación 20 ubicada en el mismo vaso. El índice de diversidad presentó valores de 0.33 en mayo 1999 a 1.06 en octubre 2000. La laguna puede dividir se en dos vasos por sus características físicas y biológicas. La apertura de la Boca de Tepalcates aumentó la diversidad de especies de peces, pero habrá que dejar pasar el tiempo para conocer los cambios en biomasa. Time and space distribution and abundance of the fishes in the Cuyutlan Lagoon, Colima, Mexico Monthly sampling in 21 sites in the Cuyutlán Lagoon, México were carried out from March to June 1999 and October 1999 to December 2000, where 1,719 fish from 22 families were collected. The most abundant were: yellowfin mojarra (Gerres cinereus ) with 43.86 %, white mullet (Mugil curema ) in 24.89%, mojarra (Diapterus peruvianus ) with 6.34 %, Pacific thread herring (Opisthonema libertate ) with 5.29 % and with 3 % Pacific crevalle jack (Caranx caninus ) and long jaw leather jack (Oligoplites altus ). The specific richness changed from 3.52 in May 1999 to 15.48 in October 2000. The equitativity fluctuated from 0 in the 18th station named Palo Verde to 0.93 in the 20th site in the same area. The diversity index presented values from 0.33 in May 1999 to 1.06 in October 2000. By its physical and bio logical characteristics the lagoon can be divided in to two different areas. The opening of the channel Boca de Tepalcates increased the diversity of species of fish, but it will take time to know how the bio mass is going to change.
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Cabral-Solís, E. G., and E. Espino-Barr. "DISTRIBUCIÓN Y ABUNDANCIA ESPACIO- TEMPORAL DE LOS PECES EN LA LAGUNA DE CUYUTLÁN, COLIMA, MÉXICO." CICIMAR Oceánides 19, no. 1-2 (2004): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v19i1-2.15.
Full textAbstract:
Se analiza la abundancia en tiempo y espacio de los peces recolectados durante 18 muestreos mensuales en 21 estaciones distribuidas en la Laguna de Cuyutlán, México, durante el período de marzo a junio de 1999 y de octubre de 1999 a diciembre de 2000. Se recolectaron 1,719 organismos ícticos que pertenecen a 22 familias. Las especies más abundantes fueron: la mojarra rayada (Gerres cinereus) con 43.86 %, lebrancha (Mugil curema) con 24.89 %, mala capa (Diapterus peruvianus) con 6.34 %, sardina crinuda (Opisthonema libertate) con 5.29 % y con 3 % el jurel (Caranx caninus) y la piña (Oligo plitesaltus).La riqueza específica varió de 3.52 en mayo de 1999 a 15.48 en octubre de 2000. La equitatividad fluctuó de 0 en la estación 18, ubicada en el vaso de Palo Verde, a 0.93 en la estación 20 ubicada en el mismo vaso. El índice de diversidad presentó valores de 0.33 en mayo 1999 a 1.06 en octubre 2000. La laguna puede dividir se en dos vasos por sus características físicas y biológicas. La apertura de la Boca de Tepalcates aumentó la diversidad de especies de peces, pero habrá que dejar pasar el tiempo para conocer los cambios en biomasa. Time and space distribution and abundance of the fishes in the Cuyutlan Lagoon, Colima, Mexico Monthly sampling in 21 sites in the Cuyutlán Lagoon, México were carried out from March to June 1999 and October 1999 to December 2000, where 1,719 fish from 22 families were collected. The most abundant were: yellowfin mojarra (Gerres cinereus ) with 43.86 %, white mullet (Mugil curema ) in 24.89%, mojarra (Diapterus peruvianus ) with 6.34 %, Pacific thread herring (Opisthonema libertate ) with 5.29 % and with 3 % Pacific crevalle jack (Caranx caninus ) and long jaw leather jack (Oligoplites altus ). The specific richness changed from 3.52 in May 1999 to 15.48 in October 2000. The equitativity fluctuated from 0 in the 18th station named Palo Verde to 0.93 in the 20th site in the same area. The diversity index presented values from 0.33 in May 1999 to 1.06 in October 2000. By its physical and bio logical characteristics the lagoon can be divided in to two different areas. The opening of the channel Boca de Tepalcates increased the diversity of species of fish, but it will take time to know how the bio mass is going to change.
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Castaldo, G., G. Oriani, L. Cimino, et al. "Total discrimination of peritoneal malignant ascites from cirrhosis- and hepatocarcinoma-associated ascites by assays of ascitic cholesterol and lactate dehydrogenase." Clinical Chemistry 40, no. 3 (1994): 478–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/40.3.478.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract No laboratory test completely distinguishes malignant ascites (MA) from ascites associated with cirrhosis and (or) hepatocellular carcinoma (A/C-HC). Ascitic cytology is highly specific but has a diagnostic sensitivity of only 40-60%. We determined 11 ascitic analytes and cytology in 58 patients with cirrhosis, 15 with hepatocellular carcinoma, and 21 with MA (10 ovarian cancers, 4 mesotheliomas, 6 gastrointestinal neoplasias, 1 leukemia). Ascitic total protein, cholesterol, pseudouridine, and lactate dehydrogenase (LD), and the ascitic:serum ratios of total protein and of LD showed the most significant differences between the two groups of patients. Stepwise multiple linear discriminant analysis (applying the Wilks' lambda criterion) of several variables, corroborated by the "jack-knife" reallocation procedure, showed that the ascitic cholesterol and ascitic LD association correctly identified 100% of MA and A/C-HC; cytology had a diagnostic specificity of 100%, but identified only 48% of MA. This association may represent a primary tool for the discrimination of ascites of unknown origin, particularly in the presence of negative cytology findings.
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Ullah, Hakim. "CORRELATION OF FLEXIBLE FLATFOOT AND Q-ANGLE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS BY USING DENNIS METHOD." Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation 8, no. 2 (2020): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36283/pjr.zu.8.2/009.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Flat foot has been reported as the most occurring clinical foot complication among pediatrics with more than 40% prevalence worldwide. This rate of prevalence is increasing by 21% to 57% in children aged 3-6 years respectively. Therefore, aim of this study is to determine the correlation between flexible flat foot and Q-angle among secondary school students by using Dennis method. METHODOLOGY This cross sectional study was conducted on 52 participants, aged 11-16 years. Screening of flat foot among participants was determined through navicular drop test. The jack toe rising test was also used to discriminate in flexible and rigid flat foot. The participants having flexible flat foot were then recruited and evaluated on Dennis method of flat foot grading. RESULTS The demographic characteristics of participants were represented through frequency, mean and standard deviation. Moreover, strong correlation between flat foot and Q-angle was observed on right side, whereas moderate correlation was detected on left side of flat foot respectively (p<0.05). CONCLUSION It was concluded that flexible flat foot has strong association with Q-angle. However, future studies must be taken in to consideration for further assessment of flat foot.
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Tarroux, Emilie, and Annie DesRochers. "Frequency of root grafting in naturally and artificially regenerated stands of Pinus banksiana: influence of site characteristics." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40, no. 5 (2010): 861–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x10-038.
Full textAbstract:
We investigated the frequency of root grafting in naturally and artificially regenerated stands of jack pine ( Pinus banksiana Lamb.) in the western boreal forest of Quebec, Canada. Twelve 30–60 m2 plots were hydraulically excavated to determine effects of site characteristics on frequency and timing of root grafting. Naturally regenerated stands had grafted tree percentages similar to artificially regenerated stands (21%–71% across plots) but greater numbers of root grafts per tree (naturally regenerated, 0.73 graft·tree–1; artificially regenerated, 0.52 graft·tree–1). Mean percentages of grafted trees, number of grafts per tree, and the speed of graft formation were greater in sandy soils (61%, 0.71 graft·tree–1 and 2.43 years, respectively) compared with clay soils (44%, 0.54 graft·tree–1 and 2.97 years, respectively). Proximity of trees was a better predictor of root grafting than stand density, despite many root grafts being found with distant trees (>2 m) in artificially regenerated stands. Our results suggested that root grafts form early in stand development. Even if trees are initially separate entities, this relatively high level of root grafting produces stands where trees are extensively interconnected.