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Journal articles on the topic 'Jacket substructure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Han, Chen, Zhou, Zhang, and Gho. "Strength Performance of an Eccentric Jacket Substructure." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 8 (August 10, 2019): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7080264.

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An eccentric jacket substructure is comprised of circular hollow section tubular joints with complete overlap of braces. The joint is formed with the lap brace overlapping the diagonal through the brace joining the chord face. In this study, the jacket substructure is subjected to a static vertical load due to self-weight and facilities, and four horizontal loads to simulate the environmental loads applied at four different horizontal angles. The maximum stresses at each level of the eccentric jacket are found lower than that of the traditional jacket. For the eccentric jacket substructure, the high stress critical area is mostly located at the short segment of the diagonal through brace joining the chord face. From the parametric study, the ultimate strength of the joint with the complete overlap of braces of the eccentric jacket reduces with increasing the gap size-to-through brace diameter ratio, ξ. With the short segment of the through-brace joining the chord face, the high-stress area is transferred from the joint intersection of the chord and the braces to the lap brace and the diagonal through-brace. It could; therefore, be concluded, based on the strength performance, that the eccentric jacket performed better with maximum stresses and high-stress critical areas.

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2

Tran, Thanh-Tuan, Sangkyun Kang, Jang-Ho Lee, and Daeyong Lee. "Directional Bending Performance of 4-Leg Jacket Substructure Supporting a 3MW Offshore Wind Turbine." Energies 14, no. 9 (May 10, 2021): 2725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092725.

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A comprehensive investigation of the directional bending performance of a 4-leg jacket substructure, supporting a 3 MW offshore wind turbine, has been carried out in this study. The jacket substructure with a Pratt bracing system which is already installed in the southwest offshore wind farm in South Korea has been chosen as a reference support structure. A numerical model of the 3MW support structure (i.e., tower, transition piece, and jacket structure) is configured, and its structural performances are evaluated under the conditions of (1) extreme environmental loads (Env), (2) critical Design Load Cases (DLCs), and (3) a total of 288 combined load cases (CBs). For the case of Env (i.e., wind, wave, and current loads), loading directions varying from 0° to 360° at intervals of 15° are considered. The DLCs are provided from the 3 MW wind turbine manufacturer, in a 6 × 12 matrix format. The selected 4-leg jacket substructure in this study showed the smallest bending stiffness at the loading angles of 135° and 315° under the condition of Env, and at the loading angles between 105° and 150° under the CBs. From these results, critical bending directionality of the 4-leg jacket substructure is identified. This study also found that the effects of Env loads are not small compared to the total structural responses of the 4-leg jacket substructure which is supporting a 3 MW offshore wind turbine.

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3

Häfele, Jan, Cristian G. Gebhardt, and Raimund Rolfes. "A comparison study on jacket substructures for offshore wind turbines based on optimization." Wind Energy Science 4, no. 1 (January 22, 2019): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-4-23-2019.

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Abstract. The structural optimization problem of jacket substructures for offshore wind turbines is commonly regarded as a pure tube dimensioning problem, minimizing the entire mass of the structure. However, this approach goes along with the assumption that the given topology is fixed in any case. The present work contributes to the improvement of the state of the art by utilizing more detailed models for geometry, costs, and structural design code checks. They are assembled in an optimization scheme, in order to consider the jacket optimization problem from a different point of view that is closer to practical applications. The conventional mass objective function is replaced by a sum of various terms related to the cost of the structure. To address the issue of high demand of numerical capacity, a machine learning approach based on Gaussian process regression is applied to reduce numerical expenses and enhance the number of considered design load cases. The proposed approach is meant to provide decision guidance in the first phase of wind farm planning. A numerical example for a National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 5 MW turbine under FINO3 environmental conditions is computed by two effective optimization methods (sequential quadratic programming and an interior-point method), allowing for the estimation of characteristic design variables of a jacket substructure. In order to resolve the mixed-integer problem formulation, multiple subproblems with fixed-integer design variables are solved. The results show that three-legged jackets may be preferable to four-legged ones under the boundaries of this study. In addition, it is shown that mass-dependent cost functions can be easily improved by just considering the number of jacket legs to yield more reliable results.

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4

Wong, Geoff, Phillip Howard, and Shaun Holmes. "Float-on/float-off wharves: one prepared earlier." APPEA Journal 53, no. 2 (2013): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12101.

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The recently considered concepts for a wharf development identified a number of options, including conventional wharf topside modules on steel tubular piled foundations, steel-jacket-type modules anchored to the seabed, concrete caissons, and a hybrid wharf substructure with a Gravity Base Structure (GBS) connected into a steel jacket sub-frame. Due to the unprecedented demand for site-based skilled labour and a marine construction plant on the Australian coast from numerous major resource projects, further consideration was given to the pre-assembled hybrid wharf alternative and the associated cost, fabrication yard availability, and transport issues. To overcome the potential limits and risks of constructing and sea-towing a concrete base structure, the preferred option is to use a multi-cell steel base instead of concrete. The GBS method of construction is to use mature technology in the offshore oil and gas industry and can take advantage of modularisation of the substructure and topsides by fully fitting out larger units in overseas fabrication yards. For alternate wharf applications, the GBS has the potential of allowing pre-assembly and pre-commissioning of equipment and systems, or the ability to enhance the substructure installation in readiness for topsides installation (either floatover integral topsides or modular lift). It also opens up a wide choice of existing fabrication yards and shops in China or Korea that either fabricate wharf or jacket substructure components now, or are in close proximity to existing loading-dock facilities. This can result in considerable schedule and cost savings by reducing site (offshore) labour and plant costs.

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5

Lin, Tsung-Yueh, Yi-Qing Zhao, and Hsin-Haou Huang. "Representative Environmental Condition for Fatigue Analysis of Offshore Jacket Substructure." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 20, 2020): 5494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205494.

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The 20-year cumulative fatigue damage of an offshore jacket substructure was estimated under the long-term local environmental conditions in the Taiwan Strait. Because of the nonlinearity of wave load for slender members of the structure, time-domain simulations of the dynamic finite element model were conducted for each sea state. By utilizing the Dirlik method to process the stress signals, the fatigue damages of joints were computed. Concerning the computational time, we propose a probability-based method of using a representative combination of environmental conditions in this study, which can considerably reduce the required number of evaluations prior to determining fatigue damage, thereby improving the process of preliminary design. The results show that only three sea states among 120 can represent 28% of the average damage ratio, and up to 17 sea states fully resolved the fatigue life.

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6

Augustyn, Dawid, Ursula Smolka, Ulf T. Tygesen, Martin D. Ulriksen, and John D. Sørensen. "Data-driven model updating of an offshore wind jacket substructure." Applied Ocean Research 104 (November 2020): 102366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2020.102366.

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7

Sun, Min Young, Ki Yeol Lee, and Byung Young Moon. "A Study on the Structural Analysis of Jacket Substructure Related to Offshore Wind Power Environment." Advanced Materials Research 1125 (October 2015): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1125.387.

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The currently applied structure and fatigue assessment of support structure for offshore wind energy converter was based on common design rules. The accurate evaluation for environments of sea floor as to installation of support structure, loads of generator, dynamic loads in operation, and offshore environmental loads might be an essential requirement to acquire a safety design for the substructure. This study aims at dedicating to offshore-relevant technology fields by suggesting design methods of structures and estimating their safety in relation to the structural analysis of the substructure requiring high safety to various environment conditions. Especially, with respect to 5MW Offshore Wind Power System, this study will provide information about major wind directions and duration in combination with the developing wave climate at the test field. In this study in the dynamic analysis for 5MW offshore wind power substructure which is considered to be proper in Korea, it is expected that reliability of domestic technology is confirmed with respect to its structural stability.

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8

김호선, Kwak, Dongyoup, 윤세웅, and 장화섭. "Seismic Analysis of Jacket Substructure of Offshore Wind Turbine Applying Conditional Mean Spectrum." Journal of Wind Energy 10, no. 1 (March 2019): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33519/kwea.2019.10.1.005.

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9

Zhang, Jianhua, Won-Hee Kang, Ke Sun, and Fushun Liu. "Reliability-Based Serviceability Limit State Design of a Jacket Substructure for an Offshore Wind Turbine." Energies 12, no. 14 (July 18, 2019): 2751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12142751.

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The development of a structurally optimized foundation design has become one of the main research objectives for offshore wind turbines (OWTs). The design process should be carried out in a probabilistic way due to the uncertainties involved, such as using parametric uncertainties regarding material and geometric properties, and model uncertainties in resistance prediction models and regarding environmental loads. Traditional simple deterministic checking procedures do not guarantee an optimized design because the associated uncertainties are not fully considered. In this paper, a reliability analysis framework is proposed to support the optimized design of jacket foundations for OWTs. The reliability analysis mainly considers the serviceability limit state of the structure according to the requirements of the code. The framework consists of two parts: (i) an important parameter identification procedure based on statistical correlation analysis and (ii) a finite element-simulation-based reliability estimation procedure. The procedure is demonstrated through a jacket structure design of a 3 MW OWT. The analysis results show that the statistical correlation analysis can help to identify the parameters necessary for the overall structural performance. The Latin hypercube sampling and the Monte Carlo simulation using FE models effectively and efficiently evaluate the reliability of the structure while not relying on a surrogate limit state function. A comparison between the proposed framework and the deterministic design shows that the framework can help to achieve a better result closer to the target reliability level.

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10

Lai, Wen-Jeng, Chin-Yu Lin, Chin-Cheng Huang, and Rong-Mao Lee. "Dynamic Analysis of Jacket Substructure for Offshore Wind Turbine Generators under Extreme Environmental Conditions." Applied Sciences 6, no. 10 (October 21, 2016): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app6100307.

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11

Chian, Chi-Yu, Yi-Qing Zhao, Tsung-Yueh Lin, Bryan Nelson, and Hsin-Haou Huang. "Comparative Study of Time-Domain Fatigue Assessments for an Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Substructure by Using Conventional Grid-Based and Monte Carlo Sampling Methods." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 10, 2018): 3112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113112.

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Currently, in the design standards for environmental sampling to assess long-term fatigue damage, the grid-based sampling method is used to scan a rectangular grid of meteorological inputs. However, the required simulation cost increases exponentially with the number of environmental parameters, and considerable time and effort are required to characterise the statistical uncertainty of offshore wind turbine (OWT) systems. In this study, a K-type jacket substructure of an OWT was modelled numerically. Time rather than frequency-domain analyses were conducted because of the high nonlinearity of the OWT system. The Monte Carlo (MC) sampling method is well known for its theoretical convergence, which is independent of dimensionality. Conventional grid-based and MC sampling methods were applied for sampling simulation conditions from the probability distributions of four environmental variables. Approximately 10,000 simulations were conducted to compare the computational efficiencies of the two sampling methods, and the statistical uncertainty of the distribution of fatigue damage was assessed. The uncertainty due to the stochastic processes of the wave and wind loads presented considerable influence on the hot-spot stress of welded tubular joints of the jacket-type substructure. This implies that more simulations for each representative short-term environmental condition are required to derive the characteristic fatigue damage. The characteristic fatigue damage results revealed that the MC sampling method yielded the same error level for Grids 1 and 2 (2443 iterations required for both) after 1437 and 516 iterations for K- and KK-joint cases, respectively. This result indicated that the MC method has the potential for a high convergence rate.

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12

Liu, Ding-Peng, Tsung-Yueh Lin, and Hsin-Haou Huang. "Improving the Computational Efficiency for Optimization of Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Substructure by Hybrid Algorithms." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 8 (July 22, 2020): 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8080548.

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When solving real-world problems with complex simulations, utilizing stochastic algorithms integrated with a simulation model appears inefficient. In this study, we compare several hybrid algorithms for optimizing an offshore jacket substructure (JSS). Moreover, we propose a novel hybrid algorithm called the divisional model genetic algorithm (DMGA) to improve efficiency. By adding different methods, namely particle swarm optimization (PSO), pattern search (PS) and targeted mutation (TM) in three subpopulations to become “divisions,” each division has unique functionalities. With the collaboration of these three divisions, this method is considerably more efficient in solving multiple benchmark problems compared with other hybrid algorithms. These results reveal the superiority of DMGA in solving structural optimization problems.

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13

Fan, Ting-Yu, Szu-Han Chen, and Chin-Cheng Huang. "Strength Analysis for a Jacket-type Substructure of an Offshore Wind Turbine Under Extreme Environment Conditions." International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 414–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2020.ty07.

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14

Plodpradit, Pasin, Van Dinh, and Ki-Du Kim. "Coupled Analysis of Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Structures with Pile-Soil-Structure Interaction Using FAST v8 and X-SEA." Applied Sciences 9, no. 8 (April 19, 2019): 1633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9081633.

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The coupled analysis between a turbine in operating condition and a complex jacket support structure was formulated in this paper for the reliable evaluation of offshore wind turbine structures including pile-soil-structure interactions (PSSIs). Discussions on the theoretical and simulation aspects of the coupled analysis are presented. The dynamic coupled analysis was implemented in X-SEA program and validated with FAST v8 (fatigue, aerodynamics, structures and turbulence) developed by NREL, USA. By replacing the sub-structural module in the FAST with the component of offshore substructure in the X-SEA, the reaction forces and the turbine loads were calculated in each time step and the results from X-SEA were compared with that from FAST. It showed very good agreement with each other. A case study of a NREL 5MW offshore wind turbine on a jacket support structure was performed. Coupled dynamic analyses of offshore wind turbine and support structures with PSSI were carried out. The results showed that in the coupled analysis, the responses of the structure are significantly less than in the uncoupled analysis. The support structure considering PSSI exhibited decreased natural frequencies and more flexible responses compared to the fixed-support structure. The implemented coupled analysis including PSSI was shown to be more accurate and computationally efficient.

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15

He, Jia-Hao, Ding-Peng Liu, Cheng-Hsien Chung, and Hsin-Haou Huang. "Identification of Multiple Local Damage to an Offshore Jacket Substructure Using a Novel Strain Expansion–Reduction Approach." Applied Sciences 10, no. 22 (November 11, 2020): 7991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10227991.

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Modal parameter monitoring is a widely used structural health monitoring method. However, among other limitations, this method cannot effectively identify slight damage under ambient conditions. This study proposed a novel strain expansion–reduction approach for identifying damage. To verify the feasibility of the proposed method, we numerically and experimentally tested the method using a rigid acrylic frame. The frame was artificially damaged at various depths to reflect various damage scenarios. The increase in the damage index provided an accurate estimation of damage severity. For the case with merely 0.5% damage zone in one slat, the index is increased by 259% of the intact case. When the damage zone was doubled, the index increases significantly by 467% of the intact case, demonstrating excellent sensitivity of the proposed method. To guarantee practical use, the numerical model of the proposed method was applied to an offshore wind turbine jacket substructure and successfully identified multiple damage sites and the damage severity with extremely high (>10) damage index.

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16

Fan, Ting-Yu, Chin-Yu Lin, Chin-Cheng Huang, and Tung-Liang Chu. "Time-Domain Fatigue Analysis of Multi-planar Tubular Joints for a Jacket-Type Substructure of Offshore Wind Turbines." International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering 30, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17736/ijope.2020.jc762.

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17

Arianti, Erdina, and Abd Ghofur. "Teknologi Decommissioning Anjungan Lepas Pantai Terpancang Pasca-Operasi." INOVTEK POLBENG 9, no. 2 (November 28, 2019): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.35314/ip.v9i2.1040.

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Berdasarkan data SKK MIGAS (hingga 2019) Indonesia memiliki 613 anjungan lepas pantai terpancang, 54,65% berusia lebih dari 20 tahun, kemudian 24,63% berada di antara 16 hingga 20 tahun. Enam unit platform yang dioperasikan di Laut Jawa siap untuk dinonaktifkan. Kewajiban untuk melakukan decommissioning pada anjungan pasca-operasi tercantum dalam peraturan IMO dan juga Peraturan Pemerintah (Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No. 17 tahun 1974 dan No. 35 tahun 2004). Ada tiga alternatif metode decommissioning untuk struktur jacket (substructure), sedangkan untuk bangunan atas umumnya diangkut ke darat untuk daur ulang. Ada empat jenis transportasi yang diusulkan dalam makalah ini: monohull (bentuk kapal dan ponton), jack-up dan catamaran. Diskusi tentang masing-masing jenis untuk keuntungan dan kerugian disajikan di sini, di mana penilaian dibatasi dari sisi teknis, yaitu stabilitas, propulsi, luas permukaan dek dan kapasitas beban. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, catamaran memiliki keunggulan teknis yang lebih baik dibandingkan jenis lainnya.

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18

Sun, Min-Young, Ki-Yeol Lee, and Byoung-Young Moon. "A Study on the Structural Analysis of Jacket Type of Substructure With respect to 5MW Offshore Wind Power Generation." Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering 1, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5574/jaroe.2015.1.1.063.

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19

Fowai, Issa, Zhang Jianhua, Ke Sun, and Bin Wang. "STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF JACKET FOUNDATIONS FOR OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES IN TRANSITIONAL WATER." Brodogradnja 72, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21278/brod72106.

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Most of the offshore wind turbines (OWT) recently installed in Europe, China and North America are in shallow water. However, unlocking the full potential of OWT lies in deeper waters. Jacket substructures have presented themselves as a reliable foundation concept for transitional water depth. This study focuses on the structural static and dynamic analysis of the traditional jacket substructures (with X and K bracing) and the recently patented three-legged twisted jackets (with a twisted angle of 30 and 60 degrees) for deployment in transitional water (beyond 60 m). To facilitate comparison, the dimensions of all the jackets remain the same, while, the geometric configurations are distinct. Static analysis was implemented to better understand the global load bearing behaviour of the jackets. First, the global displacement patterns at the tower top are compared. The individual reactions at mud-line were investigated, followed by the evaluation of the maximum von Mises stress. Subsequently, this research went on to investigate the effect of dynamic loading. In this dynamic analysis, three main critical points were considered, including the wave point (67 m), the platform and the tower top. A modal analysis was performed to compute the mode shapes and natural frequencies for all the jackets. The first five modes of all the jackets were also checked against the results available for the OC4 project. A similar analytical approach was adopted for the structural design of monopile or tripod foundations for offshore wind turbines. The results showed that in the static analysis both the traditional jackets and the twisted jackets were safe under the provided load combination. The twisted jacket proved to possess excellent structural behaviour compared to the traditional four-legged jackets, while maintaining the merits of lower material usage with fewer nodes. Analysing the von Mises stress revealed that the maximum stress occurred at the transition piece and close to the working platform. The modal analysis results of the jackets demonstrated that the twisted jackets (30 and 60 degrees) with the first natural frequency of 0.29 and 0.31 Hz fell under the soft-stiff design category whereas the traditional four-legged jackets were classified as stiff-stiff designs. The discovered structural performance of OWTs equipped with various jacket foundations contributes to the preliminary structural selection and optimal design of foundations of OWTs to be installed in transitional water.

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20

Pacek, Dawid, and Adam Wiśniewski. "NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF BULLET IMPACT ONTO ARAMID LAYERS PLACED ON SUBSTRATA SIMULATING HUMAN BODY." PROBLEMY TECHNIKI UZBROJENIA, no. 3 (December 6, 2016): 61–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.0535.

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Essential aspects of numerical analysis for bullet hitting elastic layers of aramid fabric placed on a plastic substratum imitating the human body are presented in the paper. A review of results for bullet-proof vests tested on various substrata is included in the paper with justification of their use. It is explained why the ballistic plasticine is used as a substructure imitating the human body in most standards binding in the world for testing individual protections. Methods for modelling the fabrics with results of own numerical analyses are presented. As mutual reaction of yarns creating the interweaving of the fabric has an essential impact on its deformation then it is represented in simulations by a model that directly describes its mezzo-structure. Simulations were carried out by using an explicit procedure for integration of motion equations in program ANSYS AUTODYN v.16. The results of hitting by 9 mm bullet Parabellum FMJ (Full Metal Jacket) into the layers of Twaron® T750 fabric placed on ballistic plasticine are presented. Results of simulation and bulletproof resistance tests are compared.

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21

Wandji, W. Njomo, C. Pavese, A. Natarajan, and F. Zahle. "Reduction of fatigue loads on jacket substructure through blade design optimization for multi-megawatt wind turbines at 50 m water depths." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 753 (September 2016): 042022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/753/4/042022.

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22

Ahmadi, Hamid, and Adel Alizadeh Atalo. "Geometrical effects on the degree of bending (DoB) of multi-planar tubular KK-joints in jacket substructure of offshore wind turbines." Applied Ocean Research 111 (June 2021): 102678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2021.102678.

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23

Ahmadi, Hamid, and Ali Ziaei Nejad. "Geometrical effects on the local joint flexibility of two-planar tubular DK-joints in jacket substructure of offshore wind turbines under OPB loading." Thin-Walled Structures 114 (May 2017): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2017.02.001.

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24

Samaei, Seyed Reza, Madjid Ghodsi Hassanabad, Mohammad Asadian Ghahfarrokhi, and Mohammad Javad Ketabdari. "Structural health monitoring of offshore structures using a modified modal strain energy method (Case study: four-leg jacket substructure of an offshore wind turbine)." مهندسی دریا 16, no. 32 (November 1, 2020): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/marineeng.16.32.119.

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25

Plodpradit, Pasin, Van Nguyen Dinh, and Ki-Du Kim. "Tripod-Supported Offshore Wind Turbines: Modal and Coupled Analysis and a Parametric Study Using X-SEA and FAST." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 6 (June 9, 2019): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7060181.

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This paper presents theoretical aspects and an extensive numerical study of the coupled analysis of tripod support structures for offshore wind turbines (OWTs) by using X-SEA and FAST v8 programs. In a number of site conditions such as extreme and longer period waves, fast installation, and lighter foundations, tripod structures are more advantageous than monopile and jacket structures. In the implemented dynamic coupled analysis, the sub-structural module in FAST was replaced by the X-SEA offshore substructure analysis component. The time-histories of the reaction forces and the turbine loads were then calculated. The results obtained from X-SEA and from FAST were in good agreement. The pile-soil-structure interaction (PSSI) was included for reliable evaluation of OWT structural systems. The superelement concept was introduced to reduce the computational time. Modal, coupled and uncoupled analyses of the NREL 5MW OWT-tripod support structure including PSSI were carried out and the discussions on the natural frequencies, mode shapes and resulted displacements are presented. Compared to the uncoupled models, the physical interaction between the tower and the support structure in the coupled models resulted in smaller responses. Compared to the fixed support structures, i.e., when PSSI is not included, the piled-support structure has lower natural frequencies and larger responses attributed to its actual flexibility. The models using pile superelements are computationally efficient and give results that are identical to the common finite element models.

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26

Häfele, Jan, Rick R. Damiani, Ryan N. King, Cristian G. Gebhardt, and Raimund Rolfes. "A systematic approach to offshore wind turbine jacket predesign and optimization: geometry, cost, and surrogate structural code check models." Wind Energy Science 3, no. 2 (August 23, 2018): 553–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-3-553-2018.

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Abstract. The main obstacles in preliminary design studies or optimization of jacket substructures for offshore wind turbines are high numerical expenses for structural code checks and simplistic cost assumptions. In order to create a basis for fast design evaluations, this work provides the following: first, a jacket model is proposed that covers topology and tube sizing with a limited set of design variables. Second, a cost model is proposed that goes beyond the simple and common mass-dependent approach. And third, the issue of numerical efficiency is addressed by surrogate models for both fatigue and ultimate limit state code checks. In addition, this work shows an example utilizing all models. The outcome can be utilized for preliminary design studies and jacket optimization schemes. It is suitable for scientific and industrial applications.

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27

Chen, I.-Wen, Bao-Leng Wong, Yu-Hung Lin, Shiu-Wu Chau, and Hsin-Haou Huang. "Design and Analysis of Jacket Substructures for Offshore Wind Turbines." Energies 9, no. 4 (April 2, 2016): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en9040264.

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28

Perez-Collazo, Carlos, Deborah Greaves, and Gregorio Iglesias. "A Novel Hybrid Wind-Wave Energy Converter for Jacket-Frame Substructures." Energies 11, no. 3 (March 13, 2018): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11030637.

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29

Brandt, Sebastian, Matteo Broggi, Jan Hafele, Cristian Guillermo Gebhardt, Raimund Rolfes, and Michael Beer. "Meta-models for fatigue damage estimation of offshore wind turbines jacket substructures." Procedia Engineering 199 (2017): 1158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.292.

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30

Augustyn, Dawid, Ronnie R. Pedersen, Ulf T. Tygesen, Martin D. Ulriksen, and John D. Sørensen. "Feasibility of modal expansion for virtual sensing in offshore wind jacket substructures." Marine Structures 79 (September 2021): 103019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2021.103019.

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31

이두호, ZIGoangseup, 최병렬, 김정규, 최한식, and 하성열. "Integrated Construction of Jacket Substructures to Reduce Construction Cost for Offshore Wind Turbines." Journal of Wind Energy 10, no. 2 (June 2019): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33519/kwea.2019.10.2.006.

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32

Dührkop, Jan, Thomas von Borstel, Tim Pucker, and Martin Bjerre Nielsen. "Influence of soil and structural stiffness on the design of jacket type substructures." Stahlbau 85, no. 9 (September 2016): 612–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stab.201610413.

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33

Gho, Wie Min, and Ye Yang. "Ultimate Strength of Completely Overlapped Joint for Fixed Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Substructures." Journal of Marine Science and Application 18, no. 1 (March 2019): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11804-019-00074-w.

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Henkel, M., J. Häfele, W. Weijtjens, C. Devriendt, C. G. Gebhardt, and R. Rolfes. "Strain estimation for offshore wind turbines with jacket substructures using dual-band modal expansion." Marine Structures 71 (May 2020): 102731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2020.102731.

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Häfele, Jan, Clemens Hübler, Cristian Guillermo Gebhardt, and Raimund Rolfes. "A comprehensive fatigue load set reduction study for offshore wind turbines with jacket substructures." Renewable Energy 118 (April 2018): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.10.097.

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Schaumann, Peter, Karsten Schürmann, Andreas Pittner, and Michael Rethmeier. "Automatically Welded Tubular X‐Joints for Jacket Substructures: Prediction of the Technical Fatigue Crack Location." ce/papers 3, no. 3-4 (September 2019): 823–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.1140.

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Tian, Shizhu, Hongxing Jia, and Yuanzheng Lin. "Hybrid simulation of a carbon fibre–reinforced polymer-strengthened continuous reinforced concrete girder bridge." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 11 (February 1, 2017): 1658–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433217691772.

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The behaviour of bridge columns strengthened using carbon fibre–reinforced polymer composites has been studied extensively. However, few investigations have been conducted regarding the influence of carbon fibre–reinforced polymer-strengthened columns on the seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete continuous girder bridges. This article details the hybrid simulations of a continuous reinforced concrete girder bridge whose columns are strengthened by carbon fibre–reinforced polymer jackets. In the hybrid simulations, one ductile column is selected as the experimental element, which is represented by a 1/2.5-scale specimen, and the remaining bridge parts are simultaneously modelled in OpenSees (the Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation). After combining the experimental element and the numerical substructure, the hybrid analysis model is developed with the established hybrid simulation system. The displacements of the bridge and the lateral force–displacement response of the experimental element in hybrid simulation are obtained. Compared with the results of numerical simulation, the stability and accuracy of the established hybrid simulation system are demonstrated. Meanwhile, the comparative hybrid simulation results of the as-built bridge and the carbon fibre–reinforced polymer-strengthened bridge also prove the effectiveness of the carbon fibre–reinforced polymer jackets’ confinement in the continuous reinforced concrete girder bridge.

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Gómez-Soberón, Consuelo M., Bertha Olmos-Navarrete, Manuel Jara-Díaz, and José Manuel Jara-Guerrero. "Damage Variation in Highway Bridge Piers for Rehabilitation with Different Reinforced Options." Key Engineering Materials 569-570 (July 2013): 254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.569-570.254.

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Bridges are considered as vital components that require a high degree of protection to guarantee their functionality, even after significant earthquakes. So, the damage evaluation of current conditions of these structures is considered a necessary tool for inspection, maintenance and rehabilitation. Seismic fragility curves of a common highway bridge structure, with simple-supported girders, for different seismic scenarios, are evaluated in this paper. The selected bridge is a RC system with rectangular piers, forming a frame substructure; the bridge piers reinforcement is designed using steel jackets. Damage fragility curves are again evaluated for the reinforced system and compared with the initial condition; for that, a non-linear analyses with Ruaumoko program are accomplished, using a Takeda constitutive model and the damage index proposed by Parket al. As an external seismic action, artificial accelerograms are obtained based on signals registered in the most hazardous earthquake zone of Mexico. The probability changes of a certain damage level are verified for the obtained results.

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Kaveh, Ali, and Sepehr Sabeti. "Optimal Design of Jacket Supporting Structures for Offshore Wind Turbines Using CBO and ECBO Algorithms." Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, November 15, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppci.11651.

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Structural optimization of offshore wind turbines is a tedious task due to the complexity of the problem. However, in this article, this problem is tackled using two meta-heuristic algorithms - Colliding Bodies Optimization (CBO) and its enhanced version (ECBO) - for a jacket supporting structure. The OC4 reference jacket is chosen as a case study to validate the methods utilized in this research. The jacket supporting structure is modeled in MATLAB and its optimal design is performed while both Ultimate Limit State (ULS) and frequency constraints are considered. In the present study, it is presumed that both wind and wave phenomena act in the same horizontal direction. As a result, all resultant forces and moments will act in-plane and the substructure can therefore be modeled in 2D space. Considerable weight reduction is obtained during the optimization process while fulfilling all constraints.

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MOON, Byung Young, Kuk Hwan SHIN, and Ki Yeol LEE. "Structural Analysis of Substructure with Jacket Type and Its Application for 5MW Offshore Wind Power Generation." DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science, peem (January 10, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dteees/peem2016/5043.

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Mejía Durán, M. R., A. A. Torres Acosta, M. G. Arroyo Contreras, and M. Rendón Belmonte. "Characterization of Mortar with Mineral Additives." MRS Proceedings 1612 (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.1121.

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ABSTRACTIt has been an increase on the number of concrete structures with corrosion induced damage in Mexico in recent years. It is also well known that cathodic protection (CP) is the only method that stops corrosion in an efficient way. Since the 1990’s Florida and other USA states have been installing in concrete pile substructures, in bridges and piers, a three part hybrid galvanic CP system. This hybrid galvanic CP system includes a thermal sprayed part (located at the aerial zone of the pile), a zinc mesh encapsulated in mortar and inside a glass fiber jacket (located at the change in ties zone), and a submerged zinc bulk anode (in the submerged zone). From a previous investigation performed by the present authors, it has been found that the mortar inside the fiberglass form may decrease the mesh anode activation and thus decrease the CP system efficiency. Therefore, this investigation includes an evaluation of different additions placed in mortar to increase its electrical and ionic conductivity to increase the efficiency of the entire hybrid system. Additions include carbon, zinc and alumina powders, and this investigation presents preliminary experimental results obtained from the tested mortars (i.e. mortar physical characterization: electrical resistivity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and total void content).

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