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Academic literature on the topic 'Jaguars'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Jaguars"

1

Dobbins, Michael T., Michael K. Steinberg, Eben N. Broadbent, and Sadie J. Ryan. "Habitat use, activity patterns and human interactions with jaguars Panthera onca in southern Belize." Oryx 52, no. 2 (September 19, 2017): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605317000308.

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AbstractParts of southern Belize are designated as a corridor for the jaguar Panthera onca but the Maya region remains understudied. We therefore studied jaguar habitat use, activity patterns, and interactions with people in Blue Creek, a Maya village in a human-dominated tropical landscape in southern Belize. We used camera traps to detect jaguar presence, and interviews to assess local people's attitudes to and perceptions of jaguars. We recorded 28 independent photographic events during 1,200 camera-trap nights (i.e. a relative abundance index of 2.3 jaguars per 100 trap days). Seven individual jaguars were identified. Jaguars preferred lowland broad-leaf tropical forest and were detected more often during daylight, in contrast to findings from previous studies. Attitudes towards jaguars were largely positive: 88% of respondents (n = 48) did not fear jaguars living around the village, and 81% understood the positive effect that jaguars have on the ecosystem. Although 92% of respondents reported seeing a jaguar within the previous 2 years, attacks on livestock in the village were rare, with only two occurrences in the previous 3 years. Ecotourism has grown rapidly in Belize in recent years, and Blue Creek is home to several natural tourist attractions and an eco-lodge that brings tourists, school groups, and researchers to the village. Ecotourism has provided an economic incentive for village investment in conservation, and 94% of respondents stated that preservation of wildlife, including jaguars, was beneficial to their well-being.

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Gutiérrez-González, Carmina E., and Carlos A. López-González. "Jaguar interactions with pumas and prey at the northern edge of jaguars’ range." PeerJ 5 (January 18, 2017): e2886. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2886.

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We present the first study that evaluates jaguar-puma interactions in the arid lands of northern Mexico, where jaguars have their northernmost breeding population and both predators are persecuted for livestock depredation. We tested whether jaguars are the dominant species in this unique ecosystem, where: (1) pumas outnumber jaguars, (2) pumas are better adapted to arid environments, and (3) jaguars and pumas are of similar size. We analyzed four years of data with two approaches; a two species conditional occupancy model and an activity patterns analysis. We used camera location and prey presence as covariates for jaguar and puma detection and presence probabilities. We also explored overlap in activities of predators and prey. Where both species were detected, peccary presence was positively correlated with both jaguar and puma presence, whereas in areas where jaguars were detected but pumas were not, deer presence explained the probability of jaguar presence. We found that both predators were more likely to co-occur together than to be found independently, and so we rejected the hypothesis that jaguars were the dominant species in our study area. Predators were mainly nocturnal and their activity patterns overlapped by 60%. Jaguar, as compared with puma, overlapped more with deer and calves; puma overlapped with calves more than with other prey, suggesting a preference. We believe exploring predator relationships at different scales may help elucidate mechanisms that regulate their coexistence.

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Vélez, Karin. "“By means of tigers”: Jaguars as Agents of Conversion in Jesuit Mission Records of Paraguay and the Moxos, 1600–1768." Church History 84, no. 4 (November 13, 2015): 768–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640715000955.

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In the mid-1600s, the Jesuit Antonio Ruiz de Montoya reported that man-eating jaguars were helping to convert Guaraní Indians to Catholicism. This article tests his claim by aggregating multiple mentions of jaguars found in the accounts and letters of Jesuit missionaries in the reductions of Paraguay and the Moxos from the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, including the writing of Jesuits Antonio Ruiz de Montoya, François-Xavier Eder, Alonso Messia, and Martín Dobrizhoffer. Cumulatively, their predator sightings and references suggest that, indeed, the actions of real jaguars were transforming local religious beliefs. The presence of jaguars in Jesuit records also reveals the complexity of missionary and indigenous attitudes towards animals. Jesuits often associated jaguars with pre-Christian jaguar-shaman rituals, but also considered them to be divine instruments. Indigenous peoples sometimes preserved older practices, but also occasionally took real jaguars as an impetus to convert to Christianity. Both Jesuits and indigenous peoples reacted to jaguar incursions with violence as well as spiritual reflection. Most importantly, the prominence of active jaguars on this contested religious frontier suggests that animals should be viewed as more than symbols in Christian history. Jesuit records indicate that jaguars were key third players in zones where Europeans and indigenous populations met.

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Figel, Joe J., Elvira Durán, and David Barton Bray. "Conservation of the jaguar Panthera onca in a community-dominated landscape in montane forests in Oaxaca, Mexico." Oryx 45, no. 4 (July 31, 2011): 554–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605310001353.

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AbstractWe examined the presence of the jaguar Panthera onca, and human–jaguar interactions, in a community-dominated montane tropical forest landscape with formally recognized indigenous/community conserved areas in the Sierra Norte of Oaxaca state, Mexico. We used camera traps to detect jaguars, and social data were collected through informal interviews and 46 semi-structured and 106 structured interviews with community leaders and members. During June 2007–June 2008 camera traps registered two jaguars in the four study communities after 1,164 trap nights, with a photo-capture rate of 7.8 jaguar captures per 1,000 trap nights. Interviews documented 86 jaguar sightings since 1990. Despite some history of livestock predation, 68% of the interviewed farmers indicated jaguar presence was positive, 20% that jaguar presence was both positive and negative, and 12% thought jaguars were a negative presence. All of the respondents with negative attitudes had either owned cattle previously or lost cattle to predation. Despite ongoing risks to jaguars the emergence of community-conserved areas, local conservation initiatives, and a community-imposed hunting ban are supported by 93% of community members. An emerging culture of conservation in the study communities suggests there is an opportunity for jaguar conservation on community lands that should be explored elsewhere in jaguar range countries.

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Fort, Jessica L., Clayton K. Nielsen, Andrew D. Carver, Ricardo Moreno, and Ninon F. V. Meyer. "Factors influencing local attitudes and perceptions regarding jaguars Panthera onca and National Park conservation in Panama." Oryx 52, no. 2 (October 17, 2017): 282–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605317001016.

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AbstractThroughout its range in Latin America the jaguar Panthera onca is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, and conflict with humans. Protected areas in Panama harbour some of the last remaining suitable habitat for jaguars and are vital to conservation. However, no previous studies had assessed which factors in particular affect the tolerance of rural Panamanians towards jaguars and National Park conservation, which is important to jaguar persistence. Whether these factors are consistent with previous research on human–carnivore coexistence is unclear. To address this we estimated the number of instances of depredation of cattle by jaguars, and assessed attitudes and perceptions of rural Panamanians. We conducted semi-structured interviews in two disparate study areas: Cerro Hoya National Park and Darién National Park. Depredation events were more frequent in the latter, but only residents of the former reported conflict between people and coyotes Canis latrans. Positive perceptions of jaguars and National Parks, and criticism of park management, increased with level of education and land ownership. Men were more open to receiving help on their farms to mitigate impacts of jaguars, and more tolerant of the presence of jaguars, than women. Residents from both study areas indicated high appreciation for their respective National Parks. We provide recommendations to improve community outreach and education initiatives, and suggest priority areas for future mitigation efforts concerning human–jaguar interactions in Panama.

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Hidalgo-Mihart, Mircea G., Fernando M. Contreras-Moreno, Alejandro Jesús de la Cruz, and Rugieri Juárez-López. "Validation of the Calakmul–Laguna de Terminos corridor for jaguarsPanthera oncain south-eastern Mexico." Oryx 52, no. 2 (February 15, 2017): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605316001083.

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AbstractThe fragmentation of jaguarPanthera oncapopulations as a result of habitat loss is considered to be one of the main challenges for the conservation of the species. Corridors have been proposed as a means of maintaining connectivity and the long-term viability of jaguar populations. The corridor that connects the jaguar conservation units of Calakmul and Laguna de Terminos in Mexico has been considered to be a link for the movement of individuals between these units but its functionality had yet to be verified. During 2012–2014 we divided the corridor into four sections, where we used camera traps to verify the corridor's functionality. We obtained 106 photographs of jaguars, proving the presence of jaguars (including resident jaguars and females) in three of the corridor sections. We did not record any individuals in more than one section of the corridor. The presence of several resident jaguars and females throughout the corridor suggests that portions of the corridor should be incorporated into the Calakmul and Laguna de Terminos jaguar conservation units. Nevertheless, to confirm that the corridor is fully functional it is necessary to obtain evidence of movement of jaguars among the various sections of the corridor. Our results suggest that the area should be included in regional conservation strategies.

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Gaitán, Carlos A., Vivian R. González-Castillo, Gerber D. Guzmán-Flores, Andrea L. Aguilera, and Manolo J. García. "Visitation patterns of jaguars Panthera onca (Carnivora: Felidae) to isolated water ponds in a tropical forest landscape." Therya 12, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.12933/therya-21-915.

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Jaguar populations have declined dramatically in the last century. The Maya Biosphere Reserve (MBR) within the Selva Maya (SM) is a priority area for jaguar conservation. Influential factors in the jaguar seasonal distribution include the availability of surface water in wetlands such as the “aguadas” and the availability of prey. Aguadas are formed by isolated depressions in the landscape and serve as a water supply for wildlife during dry periods. The goal of this study was to describe the visitation patterns of jaguars to aguadas in a Tropical forest at Dos Lagunas Protected Biotopo, a core zone of the MBR, Guatemala. We used camera-trap data from seven aguadas during the dry seasons 2014-2017. We determined visitation rates (VR, records for 1,000 trap-days) and activity patterns (AP) of jaguars for all years, aguadas, and sexes. We tested for significant differences in AP between sexes, and we estimated the coefficient of overlap (D) for female and male jaguar activity. We recorded 14 individuals (five females, eight males, and one unsexed) in 60 visit events. Jaguars have significant more diurnal activity at aguadas, and showed a VR = 13.1 for 1,000 trap-days. VR varied between aguadas (VR = 9.5 – 19.4), years (VR = 1.9 – 39.2) and sexes (VR = 6.1 for females and 5.5 for males). We did not find significant differences in the AP of female and male jaguars (P > 0.05). The coefficient of overlap between activity of females and males was D = 0.77 (95 % confidence interval: 0.70 to 0.84; P > 0.05). Aguadas may represent regular sites of jaguar home-ranges overlap for the important resources they provide for wildlife during the dry season. Aguadas could play an important role in the conservation and management of jaguar populations since the spatial distribution of these bodies of water is scattered, but ecologically important for jaguars within the MBR and the SM. Aguadas also, are important landscape features that could influence the spatial interactions of individuals. We encourage jaguar researchers to increase investigation on jaguars visiting aguadas and other wetlands in the SM to better understand the jaguar activity patterns and sex-specific habitat requirements.

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Torres-Romero, Erik Joaquin, Gerardo Ceballos, Francisco Botello, José Ignacio González Rojas, Anthony J. Giordano, and José Vicente López-Bao. "Jaguar conservation in the American continent: the role of protected landscape and human-impacted biomes." Revista de Biología Tropical 71, no. 1 (February 22, 2023): e50507. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v71i1.50507.

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Introduction: Worldwide, expanding human activities continue to be a threat to many large-bodied species, including jaguars. As these activities continue, it is critical to understand how home range sizes will be impacted by human-modified landscapes. Objective: To evaluate the importance of protected and unprotected land on home-range size across their range. Methods: We used home range data from 117 jaguars in several habitat protection categories and human biome types. We used a Generalized Linear Mixed Model to test home range and spatial overlap with conservation categories and human biomes. Results: Most home-ranges were in Jaguar Conservation Units (62 %), followed by Protected Areas (21 %), Indigenous People's Lands (10 %) and Jaguar Movement Corridors (3 %), where 76 % of the jaguars lived inside one the first three conservation types. However, outside of conserved land, Rangeland, Cropland, Seminatural land and other human biomes were also important (24 % of the individuals). Jaguars in Rangeland, Cropland and Seminatural land had the largest home ranges. Conclusions: Although conservation land was dominant, human-impacted lands appear to play a considerable role in satisfying the spatial requirements of jaguars.

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De La Torre, J. Antonio, Marina Rivero, Gamaliel Camacho, Luis Arturo Álvarez-Márquez, and Rodrigo A. Medellín. "First assessment of the conservation status of the jaguar Panthera onca in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas, Mexico." Oryx 53, no. 1 (September 27, 2018): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605318000558.

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AbstractAlthough the Near Threatened jaguar Panthera onca ranges from the south-west USA to central Argentina, populations outside Amazonia are generally small and isolated. One such area, the Sierra Madre de Chiapas in the state of Chiapas, Mexico, is potentially an important area for jaguar conservation but information on the species in this region is limited and its conservation status is unknown. In this study we documented the occurrence and abundance of jaguars in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas complex. We compiled all available records of the species within the region and conducted a camera-trap survey during August 2015–December 2016. Interviews were conducted to determine the perception of the jaguar by cattle owners and to obtain information on any livestock predation. We found that jaguars still occur throughout the Sierra Madre de Chiapas landscape, including the plains on the Pacific Coast of Chiapas, but its abundance in the region is low. On the basis of our findings we have incorporated the Sierra Madre de Chiapas in Mexico's National Jaguar Conservation Strategy, and recommend that international organizations include this area in their priorities for jaguar conservation. To improve coexistence between jaguars and the communities of the Sierra Madre de Chiapas, strategies need to be developed, in collaboration with the local communities, to improve livestock practices for reduction of predation by jaguars, to strengthen government conservation policies and to implement educational and communication programmes about the importance of this species in the region.

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Foster, Rebecca J., and Bart J. Harmsen. "Dietary similarity among jaguars (Panthera onca) in a high-density population." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 10, 2022): e0274891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274891.

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Prey remains found in carnivore scats provide generalised dietary profiles of sampled populations. The profile may be biased if individual diets differ and some individuals are over- or under-represented in the sample. Quantifying individual contributions allows us to recognise these potential biases and better interpret generalised profiles. Knowing the dietary differences or similarity between individuals can help us to understand selection pressures and identify drivers of distribution and abundance. Using the results of individual faecal genotyping, we re-interpreted our previously-published generalised dietary profile of an elusive, neotropical felid, the jaguar (Panthera onca; Foster et al. (2010)). We quantified individual sample sizes, assessed whether the generalised profile was influenced by the inclusion of scats originating from the same individual and prey carcass (pseudo-replication), and quantified the distribution of prey species among individuals. From an original sample of 322 jaguar scats from a high-density jaguar population in Belize, we identified 206 prey items (individual prey animals) in 176 independent scats representing 32 jaguars (26 males, 3 females, 3 unknown sex). The influence of pseudo-replication in the original dietary profile was minimal. The majority of scats (94%) came from male jaguars. Eight males accounted for two-thirds of the prey items, while 24 jaguars each contributed <5% of the prey items. With few exceptions, the jaguars followed the same broad diet, a 2:1:1 ratio of nine-banded armadillos (Dasypus noveminctus), other vertebrates ≤10kg, and ungulates, primarily peccaries (Tayassu pecari and Pecari tajacu). We noted prey switching between wild and domestic ungulates for individuals spanning protected forests and farmland. This first scat-based study exploring individual variation in jaguar diet highlights the importance of armadillos and peccaries for male jaguars in Belize, the need for research on their roles in supporting high-density jaguar populations, and the need for more data on female diet from across the jaguar range.

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More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Jaguars"

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McDole, Erin. "Fish Introduction to Jaguars (Panthera onca): Response of Zoo Visitors and Jaguars." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04062007-211443/.

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Gomes, Andreia Fernandes. "Clínica e cirurgia de animais de companhia e animais selvagens." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/29290.

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O presente relatório foi realizado no âmbito do estágio curricular, sendo dividido em três partes. A primeira parte é referente à casuística das atividades seguidas ao longo dos quatro meses de estágio no Hospital Veterinário de Loulé apresentada sob a forma de gráficos e tabelas sendo que, há uma separação por área clínica e as suas respetivas especialidades e por espécie animal. A segunda parte diz respeito à revisão bibliográfica cujo título é: “Reprodução de jaguares em cativeiro” no qual, são mencionadas todos os aspetos importantes relativos à espécie (anatomofisiologia, endocrinologia reprodutiva, gametogénese, mecanismos importantes até a ocorrência do parto, aspetos importantes relativamente às crias), métodos de reprodução natural, métodos de reprodução assistida, métodos de contraceção e patologias reprodutivas encontradas na espécie sendo que, é mencionada também o que é a conservação e a sua importância na preservação de espécies em vias de extinção e, qual o papel do médico veterinário na área. A terceira parte consiste na descrição da metodologia utilizada no Loro Parque para culminar o nascimento de duas crias. O crescimento contínuo da população humana levou a taxas insustentáveis de consumo de recursos naturais, resultando na perda da biodiversidade da Terra. O jaguar (Panthera onca) foi uma das espécies que pagou um preço bastante alto. A desflorestação e a caça são os principais perigos para esta espécie, pois originam uma redução do seu habitat e da disponibilidade das suas presas naturais. Atualmente dispersam-se por apenas 40% das áreas anteriormente ocupadas. A redução da população e a fragmentação do Habitat favorece as dificuldades reprodutivas da espécie. Por isso os seus programas de conservação dependem em grande medida do apoio dos parque e Zoos na implementação de estratégias de reprodução assistida. Algumas delas serão revistas neste Relatório; Abstract: Pet and wild animals clinic and surgery - Captive jaguar breeding This report was performed in the curricular internship's ambit, and it's divided into three parts. The first part is regarding the caseload of activities followed throughout the four months of internship in the Loulé's Veterinary Hospital. It's presented in graphics and tables, existing a separation by clinical area and its respective specialties and animal species. The second part concerns the bibliographic review whose title is: "Jaguar reproduction in captivity" and in which the most important subjects concerning the species are mentioned (such as anatomy-physiology, reproductive endocrinology, gametogenesis, important pre-delivery mechanisms, cub related important aspects, natural reproduction methods, assisted reproduction methods, contraception methods and reproductive pathologies whose can be found in the species, is that the definition of conservation and its importance in the preservation of endangered species is also mentioned, as well as the veterinarian's role in this area. The third part consists of the description of the methodology used by Loro Parque to culminate the birth of two cubs. The human population's sustained growth led to unsustainable rates of natural resource consumption and the loss of the Earth's biodiversity. The jaguar (Panthera onca) was one of the species that paid a very high price. Deforestation and hunting are the main dangers for this species, as they cause a reduction in their Habitat and the availability of their natural prey. Currently, they are spread over only 40% of the areas previously occupied. The decline of the population and the fragmentation of the Habitat favors the reproductive difficulties of the species. That is why their conservation programs depend to no small extent on the support of parks and zoos to implement assisted reproduction strategies. Some of them will be reviewed in this Report.

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Foster, Rebecca. "The ecology of jaguars (Panthera onca) in a human-influenced landscape." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/66711/.

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Despite intense persecution over the last century, the jaguar (Panthera onca) has sustained a wide geographic distribution, perhaps due to its elusive nature and rather flexible ecology. This study investigated jaguar ecology under anthropogenic pressures in Belize, Central America. A suite of methods including camera-trap surveys, diet analysis, discussions with local stakeholders, and population simulations were used to study a population of jaguars spanning the boundary of a protected forest. Camera-trap data combined with capture-recapture population models are increasingly used to estimate the density of mammals such as jaguars with individually identifiable coat patterns. A review of current methods highlighted problems associated with estimating the sizes of lowdensity populations. Simulations to assess the robustness of the method found that camera failure can negatively or positively bias the abundance estimate, depending on the particular nature of capture histories. The most commonly used model estimator in the literature was nevertheless robust to failures of up to 10% of trap-occasions. Pooling trap-occasions reduced the effect of camera failure. Sub-sampling data from large-scale surveys indicated a threshold survey area of ~170 km2, below which estimates of density were inflated and unreliable. For surveys exceeding this threshold size, jaguar density varied across the landscape from the protected forest to the human-influenced lands such that <30% contiguous forest precipitated reduction. Reduced densities with distance from contiguous forest and proximity to human habitation may result principally from direct conflicts with people. The influence of anthropogenic factors on the coexistence of jaguars and pumas (Puma concolor) was investigated by comparing their habitat use and feeding ecology. Diet was analysed from the largest sample to date of scats from one area identified to species. Jaguars and pumas made similar use of the secondary rainforest, despite differences in diet. Although both cats relied heavily on one species of small prey (5-10 kg), for jaguars this was the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) while for pumas it was the paca (Agouti paca). Both cats took some larger prey, mainly white-lipped peccaries (Dictolyes pecari) by jaguars and red brocket deer (Mazama americana) by pumas. Energetics models indicated that reproduction may be limited for either species if large prey are unavailable for females with dependents. Outside the forest block, jaguars rarely ate large wild prey species; instead, a diet of smaller wild prey was supplemented with large domestic stock. Pumas were scarce outside the protected forest, possibly reflecting a reluctance to utilise domestic species near human developments and competition with humans for their preferred prey of paca and deer, which are also prized regionally as game species. Human-induced mortality of jaguars outside the protected forest was mainly associated with livestock predation. Both sexes were equally active on pastures and were persecuted at a similar rate. Many of those killed were young individuals in good body condition, suggesting high turnover rates augmented by immigration. Population simulations indicated that the observed levels of human-induced mortality could be maintained only with immigration from the protected forest. Without natal dispersers (2-4 year olds) immigrating in, the hunted population had zero probability of persisting beyond 20 years. Simulations indicated that the jaguar populations inhabiting the two main protected forest blocks in Belize could persist in isolation and maintain low levels of emigration to the unprotected population. However the probability of all three populations persisting for 100 years fell to ~50% if the migration of natal dispersers from the protected to unprotected population exceeded ~12% per year.

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Zimmermann, Alexandra. "Jaguars and people : a range-wide review of human-wildlife conflict." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a5287544-710d-461e-8f65-da2c7590188c.

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Conflict with livestock farmers is the most serious threat to the survival of the jaguar (Panthera onca) across its range of 19 countries of the Americas. In this thesis I examine the needs for mitigating human-jaguar conflict at a range-wide scale by: a) reviewing the state of knowledge on the topic, b) modelling the risk of conflict across the range, c) analysing a series of empirical field case studies, and d) proposing appropriate approaches for different levels of conflict. Findings from 43 published studies and 117 expert-described cases show that human-jaguar conflict occurs on large cattle ranches, mixed farms and smallholdings alike. Depletion of prey and poor livestock husbandry are reported as the key reasons for depredation, regardless of ecological, cultural or socio-economic context. Attitudes and tolerance towards jaguars are not necessarily linked to losses, so recent research has focussed on understanding the behaviours of farmers. With 65% of the remaining jaguar range outside of protected areas, effective strategies for coexistence with farmers are essential. By combining geospatial datasets with expert-based information, spatial patterns of human-jaguar conflicts were presented in a predictive model of conflict hotspots. Around 85% of the total jaguar range, 72% of the total Jaguar Conservation Units area and 90% of the Jaguar Corridor area overlap with livestock, and 15% of the jaguar range has risk of conflict. Regions in which jaguars are repeatedly persecuted may become ecological traps and decimate populations. An aggregate study of 17 case studies across seven countries exposed a very large variety of geographic, agronomic and socio-economic contexts. Both within and across case studies there are considerable differences in farmers’ experiences with livestock losses, concerns about depredation, levels of tolerance and attitudes, as well as social norms towards jaguars in each community. No situational factors could be used to predict how farmers perceive jaguars and deal with depredation. The only pattern consistent across case studies was that attitudes towards jaguars are most likely predicted by a factor of perceived loses combined with the social norms of the community. In most scenarios, correctly balanced strategies of improving husbandry combined with behaviour-influencing methods may be the best way forward. To this end, a conceptual model is proposed, which distinguishes three levels of conflict and explains the importance of addressing any underlying history of grievances or incompatibility of values as part of any human-wildlife conflict mitigation strategy.

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Saunders, Nicholas J. "The jaguars of culture : symbolizing humanity in Pre-Columbian and Amerindian societies." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315510.

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Marchini, Silvio. "Human dimensions of the conflicts between people and jaguars (Panthera onca) in Brazil." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543030.

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Harmsen, Bart Johannes. "The use of camera traps for estimating abundance and studying the ecology of Jaguars." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439502.

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Polisar, John R. "Jaguars, pumas, their prey base, and cattle ranching ecological perspectives of a management issue /." Connect to this title online, 2000. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/ane2744.

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Martínez, Gutiérrez Patricia Guadalupe. "Patrones geográficos de distribución y abundancia de presas de los grandes carnívoros del Neotrópico." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/456313.

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El objetivo general fue generar modelos espaciales de predicción de abundancia de presas de jaguares y pumas en el Neotrópico. Primero identificamos a las principales especies presa consumidas en la región Neotropical mediante una revisión bibliográfica. También evaluamos si el método tradicional de identificación del depredador a través de la apariencia de las excretas generaba un sesgo en la información disponible. Encontramos que sí generaba un sesgo, así que nos basamos en estudios que usaron métodos altamente fiables de identificación. Elegimos al pecarí de collar, al pecarí de labios blancos, al oso hormiguero gigante y a la paca común para generar los modelos espaciales de predicción de abundancia. Primeramente, usamos al pecarí de collar para probar si la posición de las poblaciones de la especie con respecto al centroide de su nicho ecológico describía las abundancias mejor que su posición en relación al centroide geográfico de su distribución. También evaluamos la forma de la relación entre la abundancia y la distancia al centroide del nicho (DCN), probando si ésta definía la abundancia máxima esperada en cada sitio mejor que la abundancia media. Además, evaluamos si la inclusión de la influencia humana (IH) al modelo ayudaba a explicar mejor la variación geográfica de la abundancia poblacional que la DCN por sí sola. Por último, seleccionamos el mejor modelo para generar un modelo espacial de predicción de abundancia. Posteriormente, evaluamos la importancia de la IH no solamente para determinar los patrones de abundancia a gran escala, sino también como predictor de la distribución de las tres especies de presa restantes: el pecarí de labios blancos, el oso hormiguero gigante y la paca común. Específicamente, evaluamos si al añadir la IH al conjunto de variables ambientales mejoraban las predicciones de los modelos de nicho. Además, analizamos la relación entre la DCN y la IH con las abundancias poblacionales de las distintas especies, y evaluamos cuál era el mejor modelo para cada especie, si el que incluía ambos factores, o el que incluía solamente alguno de ellos. Finalmente, usamos el mejor modelo para generar la predicción espacial de abundancia de cada especie. No encontramos una relación significativa entre la abundancia de pecarí de collar y la distancia al centroide geográfico. Por el contrario, las abundancias poblacionales de la mayoría de las especies disminuyeron al alejarse del centroide de su nicho ecológico. La excepción encontrada a este patrón (i.e. la paca común) pudo deberse a que la especie se ve muy influenciada por factores locales no incluidos a escala espacial gruesa. Más allá de las variables ambientales, la IH fue un factor muy relevante a considerar en los modelos de abundancia, ya que en la mayoría de las especies ésta disminuyó al aumentar el nivel de IH. La excepción encontrada a este patrón (i.e. el oso hormiguero gigante) pudo deberse al grado de tolerancia de la especie a la presión humana. Además, para las dos especies de pecaríes la relación abundancia-DCN, así como la relación abundancia-IH presentaron tanto altas como bajas abundancias cerca de las condiciones óptimas y sólo bajas lejos de éstas. En estos casos el mejor modelo dependió del cuantil analizado (abundancia máxima vs. abundancia mediana) y de la tolerancia de la especie a la presión humana. Finalmente, las áreas en las que se espera una mayor abundancia de las cuatro presas se localizaron principalmente en la subregión Amazónica de la región Neotropical.
The general objective was to generate spatial models of abundance predictions of prey of jaguars and cougars in the Neotropics. First, we identified the main prey in the Neotropical region through a literature review. We also assessed if the traditional method of predator identification in the field through faeces appearance would bias the information available. We found that it had an effect, thus we used studies based on high-confidence identification methods. We selected the collared peccary, the white-lipped peccary, the giant anteater, and the spotted paca to generate the spatial models of abundance predictions. First, we used the collared peccary to evaluate whether the geographic variation in the population abundance was related to the location with respect to the centroid of its ecological niche or to the centroid of its geographic range. Moreover, we assessed the shape of the abundance-niche centrality relationship, testing whether the distance to the niche centroid (DNC) defined the maximum expected abundance better than the mean abundance. Furthermore, we tested whether including human influence (HI) improved the relationship between abundance and DNC. Finally, we created a spatial model of abundance predictions of collared peccary using the best model. Secondly, we assessed the importance of HI not only in determining the large-scale patterns of abundance, but also in determining the distribution of the other three prey species: the white-lipped peccary, the giant anteater, and the spotted paca. Specifically, we evaluated whether the addition of HI to the set of environmental variables improved the predictions of the niche models. In addition, we analyzed the relationships between abundance and DNC, abundance and HI, and abundance and both factors together. We used the best abundance model obtained for each species to generate spatial predictive maps of the population abundance. We did not find a significant relation between the abundance of collared peccary and the distance to the geographic centroid. On the contrary, the population abundance of most of the species decreased as the DNC increased. The exception found to this pattern (i.e. the spotted paca) might be related to a greater influence of local factors not included on broader scales. Moreover, beyond the environmental variables, the HI was a very important factor to consider in abundance models, because in most of the species abundance decreased as HI increased. The exception found to this pattern (i.e. the giant anteater) might be related to the degree of tolerance to human pressures. Furthermore, the two peccary species showed both low and high abundances towards the most favorable conditions, whereas the less favorable were characterized only by low abundances. In these cases the best model depended on the quantile analyzed (maximum abundance vs. median abundance), and on the degree of tolerance to human pressures. Finally, high predicted prey-abundance areas were located mainly in the Amazonian subregion of the Neotropical region.

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Cavalcanti, Sandra Maria Cintra. "Predator-Prey Relationships and Spatial Ecology of Jaguars in the Southern Pantanal, Brazil: Implications for Conservation and Management." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/112.

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The Pantanal wetland of Brazil is an important area for the conservation of jaguars (Panthera onca) and a stronghold for the species. Although our knowledge of jaguar ecology has increased since the first field studies in the mid 1980’s, a detailed study of this cryptic species remains challenging. In the following chapters, we investigated the ecology of jaguars in the southern Pantanal of Brazil. In Chapter II, we examined the foraging ecology of jaguars, documenting predation rates, patterns, and species killed. We found individual jaguars differed in the selection of their prey. There were differences in the proportion of native prey versus cattle killed by individual cats. We found that cattle (31.7%), caiman (24.4%), and peccaries (21.0%) comprised the majority of their kills. The mean predation rate on all prey for all jaguars combined was 5.1 ± 5.0 (SD) days between kills. In Chapter III, we described jaguar habitat use and spatial patterns of predation in relation to vegetation and other landscape attributes. Jaguars used some habitats disproportionatelly to their availability both in the wet and dry seasons. Forest and shrubland habitats were generally selected by jaguars. However, the type of vegetation did not have an influence on the locations of prey killed. Contrary to expectations, jaguars did not select forested habitats nor did they avoid open fields to make kills, but killed prey in these habitats proportionatelly to their availability. Our results do not support earlier findings about jaguar habitat use in the southern Pantanal but illustrate the highly opportunistic nature of jaguars. In Chapter IV, we examined space use, site stability and fidelity, movement rates, and interactions of jaguars. Our results suggested a pattern of spatial avoidance among females during the wet season. Among males, home range overlap was extensive, both in the wet and dry seasons, suggesting males did not retain exclusive ranges. Our study provided insights into the dynamic land tenure system of jaguars. Future research would benefit from radio-collaring a large number of individuals and monitoring them over a longer time span to provide a better understanding of their spatial ecology and social interactions.

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Books on the topic "Jaguars"

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Guidone, Julie. Jaguars =: Jaguares. Pleasantville, NY: Gareth Stevens Pub., 2009.

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Watt, Melanie. Jaguars. Austin, Tex: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1998.

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Michael, Green. Jaguars. Mankato, Minn: Capstone Press, 1996.

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Walker, Sally M. Jaguars. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Company, 2009.

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Welsbacher, Anne. Jaguars. Edina, Mn: ABDO publishing, 2000.

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Gish, Melissa. Jaguars. Mankato, MN: Creative Education, 2011.

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(Firm), Grolier Educational, ed. Jaguars. Danbury, Conn: Grolier Educational, 2001.

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Ringstad, Arnold. Jaguars. Mankato, MN: Amicus High Interest, 2014.

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Otfinoski, Steven. Jaguars. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2011.

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Stone, Lynn M. Jaguars. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Enterprises, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Jaguars"

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Rabinowitz, Alan. "Borderland Jaguars." In An Indomitable Beast, 151–64. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-227-3_11.

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Spencer, Charles S., and Elsa M. Redmond. "Lightning and Jaguars." In Cultural Evolution, 145–75. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4173-8_6.

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Isfahani-Hammond, Alexandra. "Haunting pigs, swimming jaguars." In Colonialism and Animality, 201–16. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge advances in critical diversities: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003013891-9.

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Hoogesteijn, Rafael, Almira Hoogesteijn, and Edgardo Mondolfi. "Jaguar predation and conservation: cattle mortality caused by felines on three ranches in the Venezuelan Llanos." In Mammals as Predators, 391–407. Oxford University PressOxford, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198540670.003.0020.

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Abstract The most important prey species taken by jaguar are given for the Llanos area of Venezuela, and compared with dietary analyses conducted elsewhere. In three studies carried out in seasonally flooded savannah, cattle constituted 35, 48 and 56% of total prey killed by jaguar. Causes predisposing jaguars to prey on cattle are deforestation (loss of habitat), poaching of the jaguar and its prey, and rudimentary herd management. In two studies, 75% and 53% of jaguars killed while preying on cattle exhibited man-inflicted wounds diminishing the cat’s ability to hunt normally. Physical and ecological features are described for three cattle ranches on seasonally flooded savannah. Mortality and loss of calves caused by felines on these well-managed ranches are compared with other causes. On one ranch calf mortality increased following measures aimed at the conservation of jaguars and other fauna. However, predation rates were considerably less than other causes of pre- and post natal calf mortality and accounted for 6% of all calf losses or deaths. On another ranch, in an area of greater agricultural development and poaching, feline predation caused 30% of total calf losses or deaths. Predation was less significant on a third ranch. Counter-measures to diminish predation included fencing areas of gallery forest to restrict access by cattle, pasturing pregnant cows or cows with small calves in open fields or savannah away from forested areas, and controlling the poaching of jaguars and their wild prey. Translocation and sport hunting of jaguars were found to be unsatisfactory methods for controlling predation problems.

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"NUCLEAR JAGUARS." In Strange Glow, 1–4. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvc776px.4.

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"Front Matter." In Jaguars' Tomb, i—vi. Vanderbilt University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1f8xcgg.1.

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Gladhart, Amalia. "INTRODUCTION." In Jaguars' Tomb, 1–22. Vanderbilt University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1f8xcgg.4.

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Igarzábal, María Celina. "HIDDEN VARIABLES." In Jaguars' Tomb, 31–54. Vanderbilt University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1f8xcgg.5.

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HARRINGTON, EVELYNNE. "Uncertainty." In Jaguars' Tomb, 173–244. Vanderbilt University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1f8xcgg.7.

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"Table of Contents." In Jaguars' Tomb, vii—viii. Vanderbilt University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1f8xcgg.2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Jaguars"

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Ellenberger, Christine, Elizabeth DiMeo, Michelle Macauley, Tiffany Shaw, and Ted Foltz. "JEA Scores Twice-2 Major HDDs Launched from Jaguars Stadium Parking Lot." In Pipelines 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480878.046.

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Corner, Sarah, Maciej Parys, Anneke Moresco, Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan, and Dalen Agnew. "Abstract TMEM-020: OVARIAN ADENOCARCINOMA IN JAGUARS (PANTHERA ONCA): A NATURALLY-OCCURRING MODEL OF HUMAN INHERITED OVARIAN CANCER?" In Abstracts: 11th Biennial Ovarian Cancer Research Symposium; September 12-13, 2016; Seattle, WA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.ovcasymp16-tmem-020.

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Han, Youngsun, Seokjoong Hwang, and Seon Wook Kim. "Jaguar." In the internation symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1117201.1117246.

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Zhang, Wenxiao, Bo Han, and Pan Hui. "Jaguar." In MM '18: ACM Multimedia Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3240508.3240561.

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Dalton, Brandon, Chen-Hsiang Yu, and Mira Yun. "Jaguar." In UIST '17: The 30th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3131785.3131826.

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Diamond, Sara, Jorge Gutierrez, David Eisenmann, John Anderholm, Cassidy Curtis, and Kirk Bodyfelt. "Son Of Jaguar." In SIGGRAPH '17: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3078280.3105236.

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Can, Gulcan, Jean-Marc Odobez, and Daniel Gatica-Perez. "Is That a Jaguar?" In the 2014 International ACM Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2660114.2660117.

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Bonnet, Phillippe, Ivan Oprencak, Praveen Seshadri, Hubert Siu, Kyle Buza, Zhiyuan Chan, Victor Cheng, et al. "The Cornell Jaguar project." In the 1999 ACM SIGMOD international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/304182.304583.

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Mioto, J. A., and L. C. Ribotta. "Atividade Sísmica nas Proximidades do Reservatório da Barragem de Jaguari, Rio Jaguari (SP)." In 4th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.313.297.

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Szczupak, D., D. Brunson, J. Carling, J. Cooke, M. Joyce, N. Massey, and C. White. "The Jaguar AJ V8 Engine." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/970914.

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Reports on the topic "Jaguars"

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Jennifer Mae-White Day, Jennifer Mae-White Day. Dogs, Cats, and Scats: Saving Jaguars, One Poop at a Time. Experiment, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/1894.

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Chan, Ethan. JAGUAR developer's manual. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1021696.

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Adams, Brian M., Lara E. Bauman, Ethan Chan, Sophia Lefantzi, and Joseph Ruthruff. DAKOTA JAGUAR 3.0 user's manual. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1088053.

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Adams, Brian M., Sophia Lefantzi, Ethan Chan, and Joseph R. Ruthruff. DAKOTA JAGUAR 2.1 user's Manual. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1021697.

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Bonnet, Philippe, and Johannes Gehrke. Jaguar: Extending the Predator Database System with JAVA. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada399529.

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Covert, Timothy T., Michael David Willis, and Gregg Arthur Radtke. LIHE Spectral Dynamics and Jaguar Data Acquisition System Measurement Assurance Results 2014. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1191878.

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Clemens, Michael, and Jeffrey Williamson. Closed Jaguar, Open Dragon: Comparing Tariffs in Latin America and Asia before World War II. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9401.

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Mansur, E., S. Dare, and C. Ferreira Filho. The Jaguar nickel deposit: a potential link between IOA and IOCG deposits within the Carajás Mineral Province? Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329169.

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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Geología de la Plancha 48 La Jagua de Ibirico. Escala: 1:100.000. Producto. Versión año 2002, 2003. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/10.143.2000.229.

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Orrego-Varón, Mayra, Jeimar Tapasco, Carlos E. Ludeña, Andrés Álvarez, Silvia Calderón, Germán Romero, Stephanie Croft, et al. Impactos económicos del cambio climático en Colombia: Especies nativas. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006182.

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Esta infografía resume los resultados del estudio "Impactos económicos del cambio climático en Colombia: especies nativas y biocomercio" el cual analiza el efecto que tiene el cambio climático sobre un conjunto de especies nativas de Colombia, medido en términos de pérdida o ganancia económica de las especies de bio-comercio, algunas especies de manglares y un polinizador natural. Usando modelos de nicho ecológico que revelan las probabilidades de ocurrencia de 17 especies para periodos tricentrales (2020-2049, 2040- 2069 y 2070-2099), y estimando el valor económico de cada una de ellas tomando en cuenta su rendimiento potencial a nivel nacional, su precio y distribución (probabilidades de ocurrencia). Se encontró que las especies de uso más favorecidas con el cambio climático fueron totumo, jagua, prontoalivio y gualanday y entre las menos favorecidas está bálsamo de Tolú, encontrando un balance positivo para las especies de uso frente al cambio climático para todos los escenarios evaluados. Las regiones donde estas especies se ven más favorecidas son Andina y Orinoquía.

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