Academic literature on the topic 'Jakun (Malaysian people)'

Rennellia elliptica, popularly dubbed as Malaysian Ginseng, is widely used in traditional medicine among the local Jakun community in Endau-Rompin State Park, Pahang, Malaysia. The decoction of the roots is traditionally taken for treatment of body aches, as postpartum tonic, as aphrodisiac and for the treatment of jaundice. In the effort of searching new botanical drugs and drug candidates from tropical rainforest, the team from this laboratory had conducted a sizeable phytochemical and biological screening program of tropical plant at Endau Rompin State Park, Pahang with the help from the indigenous people. R. elliptica showed strong antiplasmodial activity in vitro with the IC50 value of 4.04µg/mL. The comprehensive study on the root extract of R. elliptica in this laboratory yielded seventeen compounds from four different classes, including 2 new pyranoanthraquinones, one new anthraquinone, eleven known anthraquinones, one lactone triterpenoid, one coumarin and one phenolic acid. The chemical profile of the root extract was established using HPLC and the selected marker compounds were used as external standards and quantified using standard calibration curve. Nordamnacanthal 5, damnacanthal 7, 2-formyl-3-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone 6, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone 11 and 1,2-dimethoxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone 3 were determined at 3.57, 10.32, 4.47, 12.18 and 4.09 µg/g, respectively. Owing to the toxicity of dichloromethane, the extraction of the desired marker compounds was attempted using accelerated solvent extraction and soxhlet extraction using ethanol and water at different compositions. R. elliptica root extract and the isolated anthraquinones showed potential antiplasmodial activity, and the active compounds were probed for their mode of action. In addition, the dichloromethane root extract of R. elliptica and the selected anthraquinones were screened for anticancer, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities as well as toxicity study in vitro. The review summarizes the findings on Rennellia elliptica which includes phytochemistry, toxicity and its biological activities. The chemotaxonomic significance of Rennellia elliptica is also discussed

Kajian ini berfokuskan kepada pemilihan bahasa dan penguasaan bahasa Melayu anak-anak pasangan kahwin campur Orang Asli Jakun di Bukit Ibam, Pahang. Komuniti Orang Asli yang terkenal dengan pengamalan gaya hidup tradisional dilihat semakin terbuka menerima amalan kahwin campur yang semakin menular pada masa kini. Maka, kecenderungan anak-anak pasangan Orang Asli yang berkahwin campur untuk tidak menggunakan bahasa Melayu dalam komunikasi sehari-hari dilihat berada pada tahap yang membimbangkan. Justeru, kajian ini mengaplikasikan Teori Analisis Domain Fishman untuk menilai pemilihan bahasa dan penguasaan bahasa Melayu anak-anak pasangan Orang Asli yang berkahwin campur. Namun, kajian ini hanya memberikan tumpuan kepada domain kekeluargaan sahaja. Reka bentuk kualitatif digunakan untuk mendapatkan data melalui tiga kaedah iaitu kajian kepustakaan, soal selidik dan temu bual. Sebanyak 14 kata panggilan dalam kekeluargaan disenaraikan untuk melihat pemilihan bahasa anak-anak Orang Asli. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan bahawa anak-anak Orang Asli hasil daripada perkahwinan campur di Bukit Ibam lebih memilih menggunakan bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa utama dalam komunikasi berbanding bahasa Jakun. Hal ini secara tidak langsung telah mempengaruhi tahap penguasaan bahasa Melayu yang baik dari segi membaca dan menulis. Namun, bahasa Jakun masih digunakan oleh sesetengah individu yang berusaha memelihara kelestarian bahasa Jakun dalam kalangan Orang Asli di Bukit Ibam. Penguasaan bahasa Melayu yang baik perlu dijadikan sebagai pengukur kepada masyarakat Orang Asli yang lain dalam usaha memartabatkan penggunaan bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa kebangsaan di Malaysia. This research focuses on the language selection and Malay language proficiency of mixed marriages children of Orang Asli Jakun couples in Bukit Ibam, Pahang. The Orang Asli Jakun community, which is famous for practicing traditional lifestyles, is seen to be more open to accepting the practice of mixed marriages, which is increasingly practised nowadays. Therefore, the tendency of mixed marriage children not using the Malay language in daily communication is worrisome. Thus, this research applied Fishman's Domain Analysis Theory to assess the language selection and Malay language proficiency of mixed marriages chidlren of the Orang Asli Jakun, focusing only on the family domain. Qualitative researcg design was employed to obtain data through three methods, namely literature review, questionnaire and interview protocol. Fourteen (14) family-related terms were listed to examine the children's language selection. The results revealed that these children in Bukit Ibam preferred to use Malay language as the main language of communication compared to Jakun language. This has indirectly affected their level of mastery of the Malay language in terms of reading and writing. However, Jakun language is still used by some community members who are trying to preserve the Jakun language among the Orang Asli in Bukit Ibam. Good mastery of the Malay language among the Orang Asli Jakun’s children should be the yardstick for other communities of the indigenous peoples to master the language, and as an effort to dignify the use of Malay language as the national language in Malaysia.

Abstract: The Jakun tribe is one of the Orang Asli tribes in Malaysia. The Orang Asli community, especially the Jakun people, have their own dialect. The dialect spoken by them is indeed different from other dialects and even differences in pronunciation are detected among themselves who come from the same race in different places. Although the difference is not very significant, but it is enough to cause confusion and annoyance between them. Therefore, this study aims to identify and analyze the differences in the pronunciation of glottal stops in the question words of the Jakun dialect in Kampung Sentosa, Lenga and Kampung Bukit Panjang, Bukit Kepong. This study applies qualitative methods that involve several research instruments such as interview methods, observation methods and library methods. The snowball sampling method and the respondent acquisition i.e. NORMs were used in this study to obtain respondents who coincided with the desired characteristics. The findings of the study showed that eight (8) question words were listed to see the differences in glottal stop pronunciation between Kampung Sentosa, Lenga and Kampung Bukit Panjang, Bukit Kepong. As a result, the aspect of length has been identified distinguishing the way of pronunciation of glottal stops between the two villages and it is elaborated in the findings section of the study. Keywords: Jakun Tribe; Dialect; Glottal Stops; Question Words; Aspect of Length Abstrak: Suku kaum Jakun merupakan salah satu suku kaum Orang Asli di Malaysia. Masyarakat Orang Asli khususnya kaum Jakun ini mempunyai dialeknya yang tersendiri. Dialek yang dituturkan oleh mereka ini sememangnya mempunyai perbezaan dengan dialek yang lain malah perbezaan cara sebutan juga turut dikesan dalam kalangan mereka sendiri yang datang dari kaum yang sama di penempatan yang berbeza. Walaupun perbezaan tersebut tidak terlalu ketara, namun perkara tersebut sudah cukup untuk menimbulkan kekeliruan dan kegusaran antara mereka. Oleh hal yang demikian, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti dan menganalisis perbezaan sebutan hentian glotis dalam kata tanya dialek suku kaum Jakun di Kampung Sentosa, Lenga dan Kampung Bukit Panjang, Bukit Kepong. Kajian ini mengaplikasikan kaedah kualitatif yang melibatkan beberapa instrumen kajian seperti kaedah temu bual, kaedah pemerhatian dan kaedah kepustakaan. Kaedah persampelan bola salji dan pendekatan pemerolehan responden, iaitu NORMs turut digunakan dalam kajian ini bagi mendapatkan responden kajian yang bertepatan dengan ciri yang dikehendaki. Dapatan kajian telah menunjukkan sebanyak lapan (8) kata tanya telah disenaraikan bagi melihat perbezaan sebutan hentian glotis antara Kampung Sentosa, Lenga dan Kampung Bukit Panjang, Bukit Kepong. Hasilnya, aspek kepanjangan telah dikenal pasti membezakan cara sebutan hentian glotis antara kedua-dua kampung dan perkara tersebut dihuraikan dengan lebih terperinci dalam bahagian dapatan kajian. Kata kunci: Kaum Jakun; dialek; hentian glotis; kata tanya; kepanjangan

This article investigates the history of the ethnonyms Temoq, Semelai, Semaq Beri and Jakun, which label Orang Asli groups in the south-central lowlands of Peninsular Malaysia. It combines ethnographic and historical accounts and census analysis to argue that each of these ethnonyms, in the twentieth century, became attached to the groups that now carry them by R.J. Wilkinson and other colonial administrator/anthropologists who were primarily concerned with finding traces of supposed primitive ancestors of modern humans, but who determined that language had to be used as a proxy toward that end. Clarifying the basis of that classification makes the system of ethnonyms that became official somewhat clearer. The article delves deepest into the genesis of ‘Temoq’, through an analysis of the ethnography of H.D. Collings and through the linguistics of the word. It argues that the Semelai word tmoʔ derives from the Malay word tembok [təmboʔ], meaning ‘tattered and dissolute in appearance’, and has been used by the Semelai to achieve social distance from the Temoq, who the Semelai also call /smaʔ bri/ ‘forest people’. It further suggests that the people now known as Temoq may themselves have once been known as ‘Semelai’.

Malaria continues to kill over a million people each year. Malaria is caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium and is one of the leading infectious diseases in many tropical regions including Malaysia. Many of the local people in the rural areas still use plants as remedies against fever and other symptoms of malaria as reported herein. Although the potentials of plants to be useful in traditional healthcare are acknowledged, currently survey and documentation of medicinal plants used by Jakun people in Endau-Rompin, Johor is lacking. As such there is an urgent need to document information on herbal remedies traditionally used for treatment diseases such as malaria and malaria-like symptoms. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by the indigenous people in Kg. Peta, Endau-Rompin, Johor for the treatment of malaria and malaria-like symptoms infection was conducted. Data was collected from key informants in that community using a semi-structured interview. Investigation was carried out on the names of plants (vernacular), plant parts used, methods of preparations and how it is administered were all recorded. The result of the survey revealed that 10 plant species from 9 families were regarded for treating malaria and malaria-like symptoms. Leaves and plant sap are the most frequently used plant parts while decoction is the most common methods involved in the preparation. This study acknowledges the local people’s knowledge about malaria and the traditional treatment practices used by the local people in the study area. Herbal remedies are commonly used by the local people because it is cost-effective and more accessible. Hence, the need for documentation of these plants to avoid knowledge erosion and lost in the succeeding generations make this study highly necessary.

PrimaTourismis a well-known aspect of nature tourism that provides valuable benefits for the primate species conservation. Malaysia, with its rich diversity of more than 25 primate species inhabited in the country, holds significant potential for enhancing primate-based tourism. However, the information on primate species in potential tourism spots like Tasik Chini remains limited, with only a few data on their behaviour and ecology. Additionally, the lack of comprehensive information on the primate species poses challenges in identifying potential PrimaTourismproduct. Thus, this study aimed to assess primate diversity and explore the perception of PrimaTourism among local people in Tasik Chini. A survey and interview session were conducted over five days in two villages around Tasik Chini (Kampung Gumum and Felda Chini), involving a total of 32 respondents. Most respondents reported the presence of two common primate species in their area: the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) and the pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina). The result suggested a significant majority (81%) of respondents expressed support for the dusky leaf monkey (Trachypithecus obscurus) as an ideal primate species for PrimaTourism in Tasik Chini, citing its attractive coloration and favoring the development of primate-based tourism. Overall, these findings can serve as essential baseline data for implementing primate tourism in the area, engaging the local community to attract tourists to Tasik Chini effectively and eventually serve as a conservation tool for the primate species.