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1
Saner, Raymond, and Lichia Yiu. "Jamaica’s development of women entrepreneurship: challenges and opportunities." Public Administration and Policy 22, no. 2 (December 2, 2019): 152–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pap-09-2019-0023.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess how far Jamaica has come regarding women economic empowerment, female entrepreneurship and its development policies in favour of women entrepreneurship development. Design/methodology/approach This exploratory study employs a mixed method approach to achieve its research objectives, consisting of literature review and corroboration with existing database and indices. Key insights of research on female entrepreneurship are used to reflect on published data to assess progress of female entrepreneurship development in Jamaica. The 2017 editions of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and Gender Entrepreneurship and Development Index were examined to gain a better understanding of how the Jamaican business environment has progressed or regressed over time and how the economic development and business environment impact female participation in Jamaica’s labour force and entrepreneurial initiatives. Findings The economic conditions in Jamaica and the role of females as domestic caregiver have made it difficult for women to enter the labour force even though Jamaican women are relatively better educated than men. Women remain at a disadvantage in the labour force. Jamaica’s legislation and budget allocations in favour of female entrepreneurship are analysed to identify where and how Jamaica is investing its efforts to improve women’s participation in the labour force. The authors conclude with suggestions on how the Jamaican government could facilitate further women entrepreneurship development to reach a more gender balanced inclusive socio-economic development. Originality/value While global policy has been promoting women empowerment through entrepreneurial development, little is known on the actual outcome of such human capital investment strategy and the critical vectors that contribute to such outcome. This scarcity of knowledge is also applicable to Jamaica. This paper attempts to contribute to women entrepreneurship research by reaching beyond the output-oriented perspective of various skill development programmes and attempts to link policy choice with overall macro results of entrepreneurship development in general and women entrepreneurship development in specific. The study thus provides a rare glimpse of the entrepreneurship ecosystem in Jamaica.
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Chin, Matthew. "Constructing “Gaydren”." Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 23, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-7703253.
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Drawing from the work of Jamaica’s Gay Freedom Movement (1977–84), this essay uses the term gaydren to consider the basis for activism around same-sex desire in Jamaica in the 1970s and 1980s. Gaydren is a combination of gay, a North Atlantic reference to subjects of same-sex desire, and bredren, a word initially constructed in Rastafarian lexicon as a masculinist expression of collective solidarity. Examining the construction of gaydren highlights the cultural work of Jamaican activists as they transform North Atlantic political discourses to align with the particular contingencies of sexual politics in Jamaica. As a form of political practice, gaydren challenges normative configurations of bredren and gay that emerge from political contexts that oppose white imperial domination to consider more nuanced approaches to both Jamaican and North Atlantic cultural influences.
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McFarlane, Donald A. "Cave bats in Jamaica." Oryx 20, no. 1 (January 1986): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300025874.
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Jamaica has 22 native mammal species. One of these is an endangered rodent, the Jamaican hutia Geocapromys browni; the rest are all bats. Fifteen of these bats depend entirely or significantly on caves as roost sites, including two endemic species and seven endemic subspecies. These cave-dwelling bats often form large colonies whose guano deposits are of significant economic value as fertilizer, but which are vulnerable to disturbance and roost destruction. The author, who has visited and worked in many of Jamaica's bat caves over the past eight years, is currently researching the evolution and development of the Antillean bat faunas.
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Chin, Matthew. "Antihomosexuality and Nationalist Critique in Late Colonial Jamaica." Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 24, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-8749794.
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This essay examines discourses of homosexuality in late colonial Jamaica through an analysis of the 1951 Police Enquiry, which leveraged accusations of homosexuality among Jamaica’s foreign police officers as a key component of its investigative work. With information from Jamaican state records, news media, literature, and social science studies, the essay argues that the inquiry mobilized divergent discourses of homosexuality across the Atlantic to enact an anticolonial nationalist form of sexual regulation. The inquiry drew not only from Jamaican figurations of homosexuality as the preserve of wealthy white foreign men but also from the Wolfenden Committee proceedings that led to the decriminalization of homosexuality in England and from the “Lavender Scare” that purged homosexuals from federal government employment in the United States. Despite its failing to reform Jamaica’s police force, the inquiry nevertheless foregrounds how sexual regulation operates through the interconnected workings of race, class, gender, and nation.
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Harris, Sasekea Yoneka. "Covid-19 impact on the Caribbean academic library: Jamaica's preliminary response to people, place, product and services." Library Management 42, no. 6-7 (February 9, 2021): 340–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lm-10-2020-0144.
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PurposeThis paper examined the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on people, place, product and services in Jamaican academic libraries. It also compares the Jamaican academic library’s COVID-19 experience with US academic library’s COVID-19 preliminary experience.Design/methodology/approachThe local academic libraries in higher education in Jamaica (also referred to in this paper as university libraries) were surveyed.FindingsGovernment mandates, university mandates and the absence of a vaccine influenced academic library response. The measures implemented, though unplanned and developed on-the-go, constituted a behavioural change model (BCM). COVID-19 has had a positive-negative impact on library people, place, product and services and has created a new normal for Jamaican academic libraries.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper captures the preliminary response of Jamaican academic libraries to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on library people, place, product and services. As such, a follow-up survey on changes, challenges, strengths, impact, lessons and plans would be a useful complement to this paper. As COVID-19 information is rapidly evolving, this preliminary response of Jamaica is neither the final nor complete response to the pandemic.Practical implicationsThe COVID-19 pandemic has revealed a gap in the literature on disaster management generally and pandemic management in particular, and on the management of health disasters in academic libraries; this paper seeks to fill this gap, albeit incrementally, through Jamaica's preliminary response to the COVID-19 pandemic.Originality/valueThis paper gives voice to the Caribbean academic library’s COVID-19 experience, through the voice of Jamaica. It is the first scholarly paper on the impact of COVID-19 on university libraries in the Jamaican / English-speaking Caribbean, and so presents the elements of the BCM implemented by Jamaica, which provides an important guide to Caribbean academic library leaders. The findings can also inform the Latin American and Caribbean section of international library papers on COVID-19 impact on academic libraries globally.
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Sinclair-Maragh, Gaunette. "Air Jamaica … more than a national airline." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20450621111110627.
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Subject area Hospitality and tourism management; strategic management; marketing, transportation system management and human resource management. Study level/applicability Undergraduate in business and management and hospitality and tourism management. Case overview This teaching case outlines the historical background, successes and challenges of the national airline of Jamaica. It shows how a national airline, which is a heritage asset and one that has provided nostalgic and sentimental value to the Jamaican people and its passengers, had to be divested. The airline has been faced with several challenges; the major one being high-operating costs, especially in light of the global economic recession. The case also highlights the various procedures carried out by the Government of Jamaica before and after the divestment arrangement and also by the acquirer, Caribbean Airlines. Expected learning outcomes The student should be able to: first, differentiate among the various strategic management terms and concepts used in the case; second, explain the importance of strategic decisions versus emotional decisions; third, assess the environmental factors that impacted Air Jamaica's operation; fourth, analyse the environmental factors that should have been considered by Caribbean Airlines before making the decision to acquire Air Jamaica; fifth, carry out a comparative analysis of the various corporate-level strategies to identify the best option for the Government of Jamaica; sixth, propose reasons why Caribbean Airlines acquired Air Jamaica. Supplementary materials Teaching note.
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Lawrence, O’Neil. "Through Archie Lindo’s Lens." Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 24, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 143–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-8749830.
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The “creation” of Jamaican national identity owed much to the artistic movement that preceded and followed independence in 1962. While depictions of the peasantry, particularly male laborers, have become iconic representations of “true” Jamaicans, the scholarship surrounding these works has conspicuously ignored any erotic potential inherent in them. Using the contemporaneous, mostly private homoerotic photographic archive of Archie Lindo as a point of entry, this essay questions and complicates the narrative surrounding nationalist-era art in Jamaica, particularly the ways the black male body was mobilized in the development of Jamaican art and visual culture.
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Duffus, Kaydene. "Recruitment of records management practitioners in Jamaica’s public sector and its implications for professional practice." Records Management Journal 27, no. 2 (July 17, 2017): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-10-2016-0039.
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Purpose This paper aims to highlight the recruitment practices in the records management (RM) profession in Jamaica’s public sector and their implications for professional practice. This paper is part of a larger doctoral study completed at the University College London that investigated the connection between RM education and national development. Design/methodology/approach The research is a qualitative mixed methods study, which mainly utilises data from 34 interviews done among RM practitioners and educators, and development administrators and analysts in Kingston and Spanish Town, Jamaica. Findings The study found that there is an urgent need for a change in how RM practitioners are recruited for their roles in Jamaica’s public sector. More coherent frameworks and a more coordinated effort are required to support for the recruitment of practitioners. Research limitations/implications This research is specific to the Jamaican case; therefore, it provides little basis for generalisation. Consequently, the study seeks to make no claims that the results in the Jamaican context are generalisable to other societies. Nonetheless, the conclusions and recommendations may be instructive in other environments. Social implications The study evaluated some of the existing practices for the recruitment of RM practitioners. As a result, the findings should enhance the knowledge about the human resources needs in RM in Jamaica. Originality/value In addition to providing some directions for future research, the study also gives voice to a diverse group. It brings together an analysis of national discourses around RM recruitment practices. This is done through the multifaceted views of Jamaican RM practitioners, development administrators and RM educators represented in the interviews.
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Perkins, Anna Kasafi. "Moral Dis-ease Making Jamaica Ill? Re-engaging the Conversation on Morality." International Journal of Public Theology 7, no. 4 (2013): 409–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-12341309.
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AbstractUsing the image of disease, this article argues that the moral misconduct of individual Jamaicans is symptomatic of a larger societal disease, which is making all of us ill to lesser or greater extents. The claim is that Jamaica and Jamaicans are suffering from an ailment in the country’s moral system that has affected all other functioning systems in the nation’s body politic: political, corporate, social, spiritual and personal. The article is a condensed version of the 2013 Grace Kennedy Foundation lecture.1 It takes as a launch pad the Reverend Dr Burchell Taylor’s 1992 Grace Kennedy Foundation lecture, entitled ‘Free for All? A Question of Morality and Community’, and it attempts to diagnose further the nature and meaning of moral deterioration in Jamaican society.
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Goffe, Tao Leigh. "Bigger than the Sound." Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 24, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 97–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-8749806.
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This essay examines the political economy of Caribbean cultural capital and the formation of reggae in Jamaica in the 1950s. Through study of the Afro-Asian intimacies and tensions embedded in the sound of preindependence Jamaica, the essay traces the birth of the “sound-system” to the networks of local small-retail grocery shops, ubiquitous across Jamaica, that were owned and operated by Jamaican Chinese shopkeepers and examines how they formed material infrastructures. In charting the hardwiring of speakers and how the sociality of the shop housed the production of a new sound, the essay argues that sonic innovation was derived from Afro-Jamaican servicepeople who returned from World War II with military technological expertise, which they applied to sound engineering, and from entrepreneurial guilds of Jamaican merchants and shopkeepers of Chinese, Afro-Chinese, and Indo-Chinese descent, who helped form the conditions of possibility for the production and global distribution of reggae. Thus the networks of Jamaican Chinese diasporic capital and talent, producing and performing, helped to engineer the electrical flows of reggae to rural areas and urban dancehall parties.
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Binns-Thompson, Shandelene Khadine Kedisha, Garry Hornby, and David Burghes. "Investigating the Impact of a Mathematics Enhancement Programme on Jamaican Students’ Attainment." Education Sciences 11, no. 9 (September 7, 2021): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11090516.
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Underperformance in mathematics has been an issue that plagues the education system in Jamaica. Studies in first world countries have shown that enrichment programs, including Mathematics Enhancement Programmes (MEPs,) have been positively impacting attainment in mathematics. This quasi-experimental research design study investigated the impact of an MEP on Jamaican students’ attainment in mathematics. A sample of seven grade one classes from two primary schools in representative areas in Jamaica were selected for the intervention group. The treatment involved teaching the Jamaican grade one mathematics standards using the MEP resources for nine months. A statistically significant improvement and large effect size of the intervention was found, indicating that the MEP had a substantial impact on students’ achievement and attitudes towards mathematics. This study has implications for designing enrichment programs geared at addressing mathematics underperformance in Jamaica and in similar countries.
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Besson, Jean. "The legacy of George L. Beckford’s plantation economy thesis in Jamaica." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 69, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1995): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002647.
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[First paragraph]Plantation Economy, Land Reform and the Peasantry in a Historical Perspective: Jamaica 1838-1980. CLAUS STOLBERG & SWITHIN WILMOT(eds.)- Kingston: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, 1992. 145 pp. (Paper n.p.)This interdisciplinary collection focuses on the integration of Jamaica's classical plantation economy with the world economy, and the impact of the plantation economy on the peasantry, land reform, and agrarian modemization in Jamaica from emancipation in 1838 up to 1980. The eight papers comprising the volume were, as a one-page editorial "Introduction" outlines, presented at a symposium at the University of the West Indies, Mona, and are dedicated to the late Professor George Beckford whose work on persistent poverty in plantation economies championed the Jamaican peasantry. As such, the book is a welcome addition to the literature on the Caribbean plantation-peasant interface. However, the chapters are uneven in quality, with some reflecting analytical weaknesses and a lack of historical depth. Typographical errors, grammatical mistakes, and poor documentation are also noticeable. In addition, contrasting perspectives emerge among the contributors and this is not addressed by the editors.
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Robinson, Tracy. "Mass Weddings in Jamaica and the Production of Academic Folk Knowledge." Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 24, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-8749782.
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In Jamaica in the 1940s and 1950s, prominent women and women’s organizations led a notorious campaign to promote mass weddings. The campaign targeted working-class black Jamaicans living together in long-term heterosexual relationships and was aimed at improving the status of women and children and readying working-class Jamaicans for citizenship. This essay explores mass weddings as a form of women’s activism in the mid-twentieth century, and it reflects on M. G. Smith’s trenchant critique of mass weddings in his introduction to Edith Clarke’s iconic study My Mother Who Fathered Me. Smith identifies a governor’s wife as the instigator of the campaign, not the black Jamaican middle-class nationalist feminists who were responsible, yet his account has ascended to a form of academic folk knowledge that is oft repeated and rarely probed. As a valued resource for understanding late colonialism in the Caribbean, it has caricatured Caribbean feminist interventions in nationalist projects, and it contributes to the feminization of an enduring Caribbean “coloniality.”
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Coakley, John. "‘The Piracies of Some Little Privateers’: Language, Law and Maritime Violence in the Seventeenth-Century Caribbean." Britain and the World 13, no. 1 (March 2020): 6–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/brw.2020.0335.
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Prior to the eighteenth century, the words ‘pirate’ and ‘privateer’ had no comprehensive English legal meanings. Scholars today who attempt to determine who in history was a ‘pirate’ run afoul of this language problem; this article aims to clarify it by tracing the etymology of ‘privateer’ in late seventeenth-century English Jamaica, where the word saw a great deal of use. Seeing Jamaica as a laboratory for language use and legal development, rather than simply a site of problematic lawlessness within the empire, it reconsiders the consolidation of English state power at the turn of the century. This article argues that ‘pirate’, an ancient but ill-defined word in early modern England, generally referred to a sea robber who acted unlawfully, but that much lawful sea raiding also occurred under various names. In about 1660, the word ‘privateer’ was born, first taking root in the new English colony of Jamaica, where it referred to the island's growing community of private seafarers. After an Anglo-Spanish treaty in 1670, Jamaicans gradually conflated ‘privateer’ and ‘pirate’, a process that culminated in a law that promised death to both. The law spread from the periphery to the metropolitan centre, but English imperial officials, prompted by the events of the Glorious Revolution, repurposed the Jamaican words, clarifying and distinguishing them to exert greater control over state violence.
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Reid, Sonya, Kayon Donaldson-Davis, Douladel Willie-Tyndale, Camelia Thompson, Gilian Wharfe, Tracey Gibson, Denise Eldemire-Shearer, and Kenneth James. "Breast Cancer in Jamaica: Trends From 2010 to 2014—Is Mortality Increasing?" JCO Global Oncology, no. 6 (September 2020): 837–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.20.00022.
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PURPOSE This study sought to provide a detailed analysis of breast cancer–specific mortality in Jamaica on the basis of reported deaths between 2010 and 2014. METHODS A cross-sectional study was done to analyze breast cancer–specific mortality data from the Registrar General’s Department, the statutory body responsible for registering all deaths across Jamaica. RESULTS A total of 1,634 breast cancer–related deaths were documented among Jamaican women between 2010 and 2014, which accounted for 24% of all female cancer deaths. The age-standardized breast cancer mortality rate increased from 21.8 per 100,000 in 2010 to 28 per 100,000 in 2014 for the total female population. The overall difference in breast cancer mortality rates between the 2014 and 2010 rates was not statistically significant ( P = .114). Analysis of the year-by-year trend reflected by the annual percentage of change did show, however, a statistically significant increasing trend in breast cancer mortality ( P = .028). Mortality rates varied by age, with statistically significant annual increases observed in the 35-44–, 65-74–, and ≥ 75-year age groups ( P = .04, .03, and .01, respectively). CONCLUSION Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death among Jamaican women. Despite global advances in breast cancer screening and management, breast cancer remains a major public health challenge and represents a public health priority in Jamaica. The increasing breast cancer–specific mortality in Jamaica over the 5-year period contrasts with decreasing mortality rates among US women with breast cancer. This study highlights the critical need to address the implementation of a national organized breast cancer screening program in Jamaica and to focus future research efforts on the biology of breast cancer, especially among young Jamaican women.
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Cook, Loraine D. "An Overview of Changes in Jamaica’s Secondary Education System (1879-2017)." Caribbean Journal of Education 42, no. 1&2 (April 27, 2021): 139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46425/c542126338.
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Using a post-colonial lens, this paper describes the changes and constants in Jamaica’s educational system between the 19th and the early 21st century using academic literature and secondary data from the Ministry of Education. High schools initially emerged in Jamaica for the upper and middle classes only, based on the families’ income level, thus excluding children from the lower income bracket. Over time, breaking the glass ceiling for lower-income students became more possible as education included students moving from elementary to high school based on merit. This still restricted a large body of lower-income students who needed the tools and merit for success in the exit examination to high schools. In the 21st century there is more direct intervention in the Jamaican school system through funding and policies that change the high school education structure available to lower-income families, making it more possible for upward mobility on the social ladder. While there may be legacies of the colonial era, Jamaica has made significant strides in moving away from her turbulent past.
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Rashford, John. "Jamaican Food: History, Biology, Culture." Ethnobiology Letters 1 (August 3, 2010): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14237/ebl.1.2010.76.
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Jones, Margaret. "A ‘Textbook Pattern’? Malaria Control and Eradication in Jamaica, 1910–65." Medical History 57, no. 3 (May 30, 2013): 397–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2013.20.
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AbstractIn 1965 Jamaica was declared free of malaria by the World Health Organisation (WHO), thus ending centuries of death and suffering from the disease. This declaration followed the successful completion of the WHO’s Malaria Eradication Programme (MEP) on the island, initiated in 1958. This account first explores the antecedent control measures adopted by the government up to the MEP. These, as advocated by the previous malaria ‘experts’ who had reported on the disease on the island concentrated on controlling the vector and the administration of quinine for individual protection. Although Jamaica suffered no catastrophic epidemics of island-wide scope, malaria was a constant cause of mortality and morbidity. Major change came in the wake of the Second World War within the changing political context of national independence and international development. In 1957 the Jamaican government joined the global WHO programme to eradicate malaria. The Jamaican campaign exposes many of the problems noted in other studies of such top–down initiatives in their lack of attention to the particular circumstances of each case. Despite being described as ‘a textbook pattern’ of malaria eradication, the MEP in Jamaica suffered from a lack of sufficient preparation and field knowledge. This is most obviously illustrated by the fact that all literature on the programme sent to Jamaica in the first two years was in Spanish. That the MEP exploited the technological opportunity provided by dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) with advantage in Jamaica is not disputed but as this analysis illustrates this success was by no means guaranteed.
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Phillips, Gareth. "A Proposed Certification Process For Business Teachers In Jamaica." College Teaching Methods & Styles Journal (CTMS) 3, no. 1 (July 22, 2011): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ctms.v3i1.5272.
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This paper proposes subject area certification requirement for business educators within the Jamaican education system and identifies the workplace skills and competencies for business educators and business students in Jamaica.
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Modest, Wayne, and Rivke Jaffe. "New Roots." African Diaspora 7, no. 2 (2014): 234–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18725465-00702004.
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This article explores contemporary ontologies of blackness in the Caribbean island of Jamaica. Approaching blackness as an ontological issue – an issue that pertains to the being, or the existence, of a category of people – we emphasize the spatial dimension of such ontologies. Drawing on Jamaican contemporary art and popular music, we propose that the site of blackness, as it is imagined in Jamaica, has shifted from Africa towards ‘the ghetto.’ Tracing changing Jamaican perspectives on race and nation, the article discusses how self-definitions of ‘being black’ and ‘being Jamaican’ involve the negotiation of historical consciousness and transnational connectivity. During much of the twentieth century, various Jamaican social and political movements looked primarily to the African continent as a referent for blackness. In the twenty-first century, the urban space of the ghetto has become more central in Jamaican social commentary and critique. By tracing the historical shifts of the spatial imaginary onto which racial belonging and authenticity are projected, we seek to foreground the mutability of the relation between blackness and Africanness.
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Osborne, Myles. "“Mau Mau are Angels … Sent by Haile Selassie”: A Kenyan War in Jamaica." Comparative Studies in Society and History 62, no. 4 (September 29, 2020): 714–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417520000262.
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AbstractThis article traces the impact of Kenya's Mau Mau uprising in Jamaica during the 1950s. Jamaican responses to Mau Mau varied dramatically by class: for members of the middle and upper classes, Mau Mau represented the worst of potential visions for a route to black liberation. But for marginalized Jamaicans in poorer areas, and especially Rastafari, Mau Mau was inspirational and represented an alternative method for procuring genuine freedom and independence. For these people, Mau Mau epitomized a different strand of pan-Africanism that had most in common with the ideas of Marcus Garvey. It was most closely aligned with, and was the forerunner of, Walter Rodney, Stokely Carmichael, and Black Power in the Caribbean. Theirs was a more radical, violent, and black-focused vision that ran alongside and sometimes over more traditional views. Placing Mau Mau in the Jamaican context reveals these additional levels of intellectual thought that are invisible without its presence. It also forces us to rethink the ways we periodize pan-Africanism and consider how pan-African linkages operated in the absence of direct contact between different regions.
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Hickling, Frederick W. "Psychiatry in Jamaica." International Psychiatry 7, no. 1 (January 2010): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600000928.
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The intense historical relationship linking Jamaica and Britain to 300 years of the transatlantic slave trade and 200 years of colonialism has left 2.7 million souls living in Jamaica, 80% of African origin, 15% of mixed Creole background and 5% of Asian Indian, Chinese and European ancestry. With a per capita gross domestic product of US$4104 in 2007, one-third of the population is impoverished, the majority struggling for economic survival. The prevailing religion is Protestant, although the presence of African retentions such as Obeah and Pocomania are still widely and profoundly experienced, and the powerful Rastafarian movement emerged as a countercultural religious force after 1930. The paradox and contradictions of five centuries of Jamaican resistance to slavery and colonial oppression have spawned a tiny, resilient, creative, multicultural island people, who have achieved a worldwide philosophical, political and religious impact, phenomenal sporting prowess, astonishing musical and performing creativity, and a criminal underworld that has stunned by its propensity for violence.
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Peck, Stewart B. "Historical biogeography of Jamaica: evidence from cave invertebrates." Canadian Journal of Zoology 77, no. 3 (September 1, 1999): 368–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z98-220.
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The Jamaican fauna of obligately subterranean invertebrates contains 25 species of terrestrial troglobitic onychophorans, arachnids, isopods, and hexapods and 16 species of freshwater - brackish water stygobites, mostly crustaceans. Cladistic analyses of the faunas are not available. In place of this, general track analysis of the cave-restricted terrestrial faunas suggests closest relationships with Jamaican forest faunas, followed by other West Indian forest or cave faunas, and lastly Central American forest faunas. Over-water dispersal best accounts for the presence of the terrestrial epigean ancestors of the fauna in Jamaica, and they must have arrived after Jamaica became emergent in the early Miocene (about 20 Ma). The terrestrial cave fauna then descended from the epigean ancestors. In contrast, the aquatic fauna invaded from the sea, but also after the Miocene emergence. There is no evidence for a macro-vicariance origin of the cave-evolved fauna from one existing in cave environments at the time when Jamaica separated from proto-Middle America. The troglobites probably arose on Jamaica through habitat shift or Pleistocene climatic change (both micro-vicariance mechanisms). Seven terrestrial and three aquatic species seem to be phylogenetic relicts. These relicts also have a stronger relationship to other Antillean islands than to Central America. This fauna shows no evidence of a South American origin. There is a very significant species-area linear regression for Greater Antillean stygobites but not for troglobites (probably because Hispaniola is not sufficiently studied).
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O’Kane, Finola. "The Irish-Jamaican Plantation of Kelly’s Pen, Jamaica." Caribbean Quarterly 64, no. 3-4 (October 2, 2018): 452–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00086495.2018.1531557.
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Mair, Christian. "Creolisms in an emerging standard." English World-Wide 23, no. 1 (June 13, 2002): 31–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.23.1.03mai.
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After showing that standardisation processes in spoken and written usage in Jamaica must be seen as distinct from each other, the paper focuses on the role of the creole substrate in the formation of the emergent written standard in Jamaica. The approach is corpus-based, using material from the Caribbean component of the International Corpus of English and, occasionally, from other digitised text data-bases. Jamaican Creole lexicon and grammar are shown to exert an influence on written English usage, but, generally speaking, direct borrowing of words and rules is much rarer than various forms of indirect and mediated influence, and the over-all impact of the creole is as yet limited. While probably no longer a typical English-speaking society (cf. Shields-Brodber 1997), Jamaica will continue to be an English-using one.
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van Ee, Benjamin W., and Paul E. Berry. "A Phylogenetic and Taxonomic Review of Croton (Euphorbiaceae s.s.) on Jamaica Including the Description of Croton jamaicensis, a New Species of Section Eluteria." Systematic Botany 34, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364409787602203.
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The greater Caribbean region has played an important role in the early diversification of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae s.s.). Jamaica is also important to Croton taxonomy because several of the earliest described species were based on material from the island. The Jamaican species of Croton are found in five distinct clades indicating that there were at least five separate over-water dispersal events of the genus to the island. Croton jamaicensis (section Eluteria Griseb.), a new species endemic to limestone hills along the southern coast of Jamaica, is described and illustrated. The species is phylogenetically most closely related to C. laurinus Sw. and C. grisebachianus Müll. Arg., both also endemic to Jamaica. Several lectotypifications and novel synonymies are required to clarify the taxonomy of the species of Croton that have been described from Jamaica, some of which are widespread in the region. La región del Caribe ha jugado un papel importante en la diversificación inicial de Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae s.s.). Jamaica también es importante para la taxonomia de Croton dado que varias de las primeras especies descritas fueron basadas en material de la isla. Las especies Jamaicanas de Croton se encuentran en cinco clados distintos indicando que hubieron por lo menos cinco eventos de dispersión sobre agua del género a la isla. Croton jamaicensis (sección Eluteria Griseb.), una nueva especie endémica a colinas de caliza de la costa sur de Jamaica, es descrita e ilustrada. La especie es filogenéticamente mas cercanamente relacionada a C. laurinus Sw. y C. grisebachianus Müll. Arg., ambas también endémicas a Jamaica. Varias lectotipificaciones y nuevas sinonimias son requeridas para clarificar la taxonomia de las especies de Croton que se han descrito de Jamaica, algunas de las cuales están ampliamente distribuidas en la región.
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Morrison, Belinda F., William Aiken, Richard Mayhew, Yulit Gordon, and Marvin Reid. "Prostate Cancer Screening in Jamaica: Results of the Largest National Screening Clinic." Journal of Cancer Epidemiology 2016 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2606805.
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Prostate cancer is highly prevalent in Jamaica and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Our aim was to evaluate the patterns of screening in the largest organized screening clinic in Jamaica at the Jamaica Cancer Society. A retrospective analysis of all men presenting for screening at the Jamaica Cancer Society from 1995 to 2005 was done. All patients had digital rectal examinations (DRE) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) tests done. Results of prostate biopsies were noted. 1117 men of mean age 59.9 ± 8.2 years presented for screening. The median documented PSA was 1.6 ng/mL (maximum of 5170 ng/mL). Most patients presented for only 1 screen. There was a gradual reduction in the mean age of presentation for screening over the period. Prostate biopsies were requested on 11% of screening visits; however, only 59% of these were done. 5.6% of all persons screened were found to have cancer. Of the cancers diagnosed, Gleason 6 adenocarcinoma was the commonest grade and median PSA was 8.9 ng/mL (range 1.5–1059 ng/mL). Older men tend to screen for prostate cancer in Jamaica. However, compliance with regular maintenance visits and requests for confirmatory biopsies are poor. Screening needs intervention in the Jamaican population.
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Ellis, Harold. "Mary Seacole: Self Taught Nurse and Heroine of the Crimean War." Journal of Perioperative Practice 19, no. 9 (September 2009): 304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/175045890901900907.
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Mary Jane Seacole was born Mary Grant in Kingston Jamaica in 1805. Her father was a Scottish army officer and her mother a free Jamaican black, (slavery was not fully abolished in Jamaica until 1838). Her mother ran a hotel, Blundell Hall, in Kingston and was a traditional healer. Her skill as a nurse was much appreciated, as many of her residents were disabled British soldiers and sailors. It was from her mother that Mary learned the art of patient care, and she also assisted at the local British army hospital.
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Harry, Otelemate G. "Jamaican Creole." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 36, no. 1 (May 18, 2006): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002510030600243x.
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Jamaican Creole is one of the major Atlantic English-lexifier creoles spoken in the Caribbean. In Jamaica, this creole is popularly labelled as ‘Patwa’ (Devonish & Harry 2004: 441). There is a widely-held view in Jamaica that a post-creole continuum exists. The continuum is between Jamaican English and Jamaican Creole (Meade 2001: 19). Many scholars holding this view find it necessary to distinguish among acrolectal, mesolectal and basilectal varieties (Irvine 1994, Beckford-Wassink 1999, Patrick 1999, Meade 2001, among others). Major phonological differences are found between the two extremes. However, a discussion of the phonological differences in the continuum and problems with the theoretical notion of a ‘post-creole continuum’ is beyond the scope of this paper. The aim of this paper is to provide an adequate description of some salient aspects of the synchronic phonetics and phonology of Jamaican Creole based on the speech forms of two native Jamaican Creole speakers, Stacy-Ann Watt, a post-graduate female student at the University of West Indies, Mona, and Racquel Sims, 22 year old female from the parish of St Catherine. Both come from the Eastern parishes of the island.
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Karagiannis, Nikolaos. "Tourism, linkages, and economic development in Jamaica." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 15, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09596110310470257.
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This article offers, briefly, a production‐oriented development framework for Jamaica, based on growth‐promoting linkages between tourism, commodity production sectors, and complementary and related service industries. These linkages can boost the Jamaican endogenous competency and industrial competitiveness, while improving the country’s macroeconomic performance. Alternative development policy considerations are also within the scope of this article.
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Lindsay, Keisha. "Amy Bailey, Black Ladyhood, and 1950s Jamaica." Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 24, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 128–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-8749818.
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This essay explores how and with what effect Amy Bailey, a teacher, women’s rights activist, and public intellectual, cofounded the Housecraft Training Centre to educate working-class Jamaican women in cooking, cleaning, childcare, and other “domestic sciences.” Newspaper articles, unpublished interviews, and other texts reveal that Bailey used the center to articulate a vision of working-class black ladyhood that advanced black women’s sense of racial dignity by valorizing elitist, patriarchal narratives at work in 1950s Jamaica. In doing so, Bailey ultimately fostered, as well as stymied, the possibility that Jamaica would come to realize what its national ethos professed—that it was an increasingly plural, prosperous, and egalitarian state well positioned for political independence from Britain.
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Pss, Pss. "Jamaica." NACLA Report on the Americas 36, no. 2 (September 2002): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10714839.2002.11722506.
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Toomer, Richard. "Jamaica." International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 7, no. 3 (October 20, 2014): 457–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2014.910540.
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AGUIRRE-SANTORO, JULIÁN, KERON C. ST E. CAMPBELL, and GEORGE R. PROCTOR. "A new species of Hohenbergia (Bromeliaceae) endemic to the Dolphin Head Mountains in western Jamaica." Phytotaxa 247, no. 2 (February 19, 2016): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.247.2.5.
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Recent botanical expeditions to the Dolphin Head Mountains in western Jamaica allowed the collection of different specimens of a new species, Hohenbergia rohan-estyi, an enigmatic plant that resembles the also Jamaican-endemic H. negrilensis. In this study, we describe H. rohan-estyi and include notes on its geographical distribution, habitat, conservation status and taxonomy. The length of the stipes and number of flowers per spike permit the differentiation of H. rohan-estyi from H. negrilensis. In addition, the geographic distributions of these two species do not overlap, as H. rohan-estyi inhabits mountainous forests of the Dolphin Head region while H. negrilensis occurs in coastal areas of western Jamaica. Finally, H. rohan-estyi is the third species of Hohenbergia reported as endemic to the Dolphin Head Mountains, indicating the importance of this area in the evolution and conservation of the genus in Jamaica and the Caribbean.
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Kelly-Williams, Suzette, Ilene R. Berson, and Michael J. Berson. "Tablet Nuff but Life Still Rough: Technology for Early Childhood Sustainable Development in Jamaica." Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dcse-2017-0001.
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Abstract Early childhood education has a role to play in constructing a sustainable society. In particular, increasing global attention has focused on how early childhood may help alleviate poverty among children and their families and promote economic growth. Part of this discourse involves the use of technology as a means to improve the quality of early childhood education and optimize the potential for information and communication technology (ICT) to serve as an agent of development. Jamaica’s appropriation of technology as part of the early childhood development agenda has emulated Western notions of success. However, the introduction of technology innovations has cultural implications. This study describes and explains perceptions, beliefs and practices about technology among four early childhood teachers in a Jamaican infant school. The findings consider issues for capacity building, including teacher professional development in Jamaica.
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Brown-Blake, Celia. "The right to linguistic non-discrimination and Creole language situations." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 23, no. 1 (April 18, 2008): 32–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.23.1.03bro.
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There has been a proposal to include language as a basis upon which discrimination should be proscribed in the Constitution of Jamaica. The proposal was considered in 2001 by a parliamentary committee which articulated certain concerns largely about the legal ramifications of a right not to be discriminated against on the ground of language. Central to the committee’s concerns are the nature and extent of the legal obligations that may arise for the state in a situation in which English is the de facto official language but in which Jamaican Creole, a largely oral, low status vernacular, not highly mutually intelligible with English, is the dominant language for a majority of Jamaicans. This article explores the concerns of the parliamentary committee. It draws upon legal decisions and principles from other jurisdictions in the area of discrimination involving language and attempts an assessment of the applicability of such principles to the Jamaican language situation and Creole language situations in general.
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DeGrasse-Johnson, Nicholeen, and Christopher A. Walker. "Roots to Routes." Cultural and Pedagogical Inquiry 11, no. 3 (December 13, 2019): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18733/cpi29500.
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Presented as a retrospective dialogue between the two co-authors, this essay highlights the history of the National Dance Theatre Company (NDTC), and the Visual and Performing Arts School of Dance, Edna Manley College (EMCVPA). The essay traces the post-independence evolution of modern dance in Jamaica. Furthermore, it examines the intersections, the respective roles, functions and contributions of the two major institutions which have shaped Jamaica’s distinctive, modern dance teaching and public performances. By concentrating on their lived experiences, the co-authors explore themes of identity, educational modern dance’s history and philosophies, and Jamaican dance’s cultural and aesthetic dimensions. Finally, the essay invites a reimagining of the Caribbean contemporary dance which values folk, traditional and popular dance as sources for art and scholarship.
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Erskine, Noel Leo. "Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment." International Journal of Public Theology 7, no. 4 (2013): 389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-12341307.
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AbstractThis article argues that Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment represents a breakthrough of grace as it re-enacts, for Jamaica as a nation, the divine miracle and humility of the incarnation: God speaking to Jamaicans in their own language, Patwa, just as Jesus Christ chose to be with a peasant family, Joseph and Mary. Jamaicans have always prayed and worshipped in Patwa, intuitively believing that God understands Patwa; yet, the translation of the New Testament into Patwa suggests that, as well as listening to and understanding God’s children when they speak to God in Patwa, God also speaks Patwa, not as a foreigner but as one who embraces and understands the nuances of Jamaican language and culture. The article looks at the formation of Jamaican Patwa in the nexus between Africa and Europe and questions in what ways Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment may serve as a source of liberation. Questions raised in the article include whether the translation of the New Testament in Patwa will reverse notions, among Jamaicans, of an inherent superiority of the English language; whether it is possible that Jamaicans will now begin to understand that no language or culture is excluded from being the bearer of Scripture or divine truth, and that no language or culture has an exclusive access to divine truth. The article also considers what this translation into the language of the masses of Jamaicans teaches concerning the nature of God and the missio Dei.
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Ashby-Mitchell, Kimberly, Douladel Willie-Tyndale, and Denise Eldemire-Shearer. "Proportion of Dementia Explained by Five Key Factors in Jamaica." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 78, no. 2 (November 10, 2020): 603–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-200601.
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Background: Dementia has no known cure and age is its strongest predictor. Given that populations in the Caribbean are aging, a focus on policies and programs that reduce the risk of dementia and its risk factors is required. Objective: To estimate the proportion of dementia in the Jamaican setting attributable to key factors. Methods: We analyzed the contribution of five modifiable risk factors to dementia prevalence in Jamaica using a modified Levin’s Attributable Risk formula (low educational attainment, diabetes, smoking status, depression, and physical inactivity). Four sources of data were used: risk factor prevalence was obtained from the Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey, 2008, relative risk data were sourced from published meta-analyses, shared variance among risk factors was determined using cross-sectional data from the Health and Social Status of Older Persons in Jamaica Study. Estimated future prevalence of dementia in Jamaica was sourced from a published ADI/BUPA report which focused on dementia in the Americas. We computed the number of dementia cases attributable to each risk factor and estimated the effect of a reduction in these risk factors on future dementia prevalence. Results: Accounting for the overlapping of risk factors, 34.46% of dementia cases in Jamaica (6548 cases) were attributable to the five risk factors under study. We determined that if each risk factor were to be reduced by 5% –10% per decade from 2010–2050, dementia prevalence could be reduced by up to 14.0%. Conclusion: As the risk factors for dementia are shared with several of the main causes of death in Jamaica, a reduction in risk factors by even 5% can result in considerable public health benefit.
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Jackson, M., S. Walker, JK Cruickshank, S. Sharma, J. Cade, J.-C. Mbanya, N. Younger, TF Forrester, and R. Wilks. "Diet and overweight and obesity in populations of African origin: Cameroon, Jamaica and the UK." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 2 (February 2007): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007246762.
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AbstractObjectivesTo determine the relationship of diet to overweight and obesity among populations of African origin.Design and settingCross-sectional data were obtained from adults aged 25–74 years in rural Cameroon (n = 686), urban Cameroon (n = 975), Jamaica (n = 924) and Afro-Caribbeans in the UK (n = 257). Dietary data were collected using food-frequency questionnaires specifically designed for each site. Body mass index (BMI) was used as a measure of overweight.ResultsThe expected gradient in the distribution of overweight across sites was seen in females (rural Cameroon, 9.5%; urban Cameroon, 47.1%; Jamaica, 63.8%; UK, 71.6%); however, among males overweight was less prevalent in Jamaica (22.0%) than urban Cameroon (36.3%). In developing countries increased risks of overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg m− 2) were influenced by higher energy (urban Cameroonian men) and protein (Jamaican women) intakes. No dietary variables were associated with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg m− 2) in Cameroon or Jamaica. In the UK, energy intakes were inversely related with overweight whereas increased risks of being overweight were associated with higher protein (men) and fat (women) intakes. Similarly, whereas higher protein and fat intakes in UK men and women were associated with obesity, carbohydrate intakes were associated with decreased risks of obesity in men.ConclusionsDiet and overweight were associated in the UK but few dietary variables were related to overweight in Jamaica and the Cameroon. These findings suggest that associations between diet and overweight/obesity are not generalisable among populations.
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Donovan, Stephen K., and Elizabeth R. Davis-Strickland. "A possible lepadomorph barnacle from the Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of Jamaica, West Indies." Journal of Paleontology 67, no. 1 (January 1993): 158–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002233600002134x.
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Fossil barnacles are poorly known from the West Indies in general and Jamaica in particular. The only records from Jamaica to date have been of occasional balanomorphs collected from Neogene deposits (Newman and Ladd, 1974; Morris, in press). It is therefore significant to report what may be the first fossil lepadomorph from the island, preserved as a scaled peduncle. This is also the oldest known Jamaican, and probably Caribbean, barnacle, coming from the Upper Cretaceous. This specimen was discovered by the junior author in the Geology Museum, University of the West Indies at Mona. Barnacle terminology used herein follows that of Newman et al. (1969).
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Hickling, Frederick W. "Owning our madness: Contributions of Jamaican psychiatry to decolonizing Global Mental Health." Transcultural Psychiatry 57, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461519893142.
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The contentious debate on evidence-based Global Mental Health care is challenged by the primary mental health program of Jamaica. Political independence in 1962 ushered in the postcolonial Jamaican Government and the deinstitutionalization of the country’s only mental hospital along with a plethora of mental health public policy innovations. The training locally of mental health professionals catalyzed institutional change. The mental health challenge for descendants of African people enslaved in Jamaica is to reverse the psychological impact of 500 years of European racism and colonial oppression and create a blueprint for the decolonization of GMH. The core innovations were the gradual downsizing and dismantling of the colonial mental hospital and the establishment of a novel community mental health initiative. The successful management of acute psychosis in open medical wards of general hospitals and a Diversion at the Point of Arrest Programme (DAPA) resulted in the reduction of stigma and the assimilation of mental health care into medicine in Jamaica. Successful decentralization has led to unmasking underlying social psychopathology and the subsequent development of primary prevention therapeutic programs based on psychohistoriographic cultural therapy and the Dream-A-World Cultural Therapy interventions. The Jamaican experience suggests that diversity in GMH must be approached not simply as a demographic fact but with postcolonial strategies that counter the historical legacy of structural violence.
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Harris, Sasekea Yoneka. "SWOT analysis of Jamaican academic libraries in higher education." Library Management 39, no. 3/4 (June 11, 2018): 246–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lm-07-2017-0068.
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Purpose Academic libraries do not operate in a vacuum; they must co-exist with change and competition on all levels. In order to succeed, they must know their internal strengths in order to take advantage of opportunities, whilst avoiding threats and addressing weaknesses. A SWOT analysis of Jamaican academic libraries can yield strategic insights for academic library praxis in Jamaica, the Caribbean, and the globe. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Survey and discussion group were engaged for the five local academic libraries in higher education in Jamaica. Findings Human resources and support are the most recurrent themes in the reported strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Research limitations/implications This paper focused on local academic libraries in higher education (university level) in Jamaica. A survey of academic libraries at all levels, and using more detailed strategic analytical tools, would be a useful follow up. Practical implications This paper provides academic library managers and the national/regional library associations with a situational analysis of Jamaican academic librarianship, which can be used to inform future planning and management of library and information services. Additionally, the findings can inform the Latin America and Caribbean section of international library documents on trends, issues and future position of academic libraries globally. Originality/value This paper is of value as it is the first published scholarly documentation on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in academic librarianship in Jamaica. In this regard, it makes a useful contribution to the dearth of literature on SWOT analyses of academic libraries per country. It may also represent a starting point for looking at solutions and emerging challenges in a Caribbean academic library environment and should help to focus on the need for continuing innovation.
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Thompson, Samantha, Abinwi Nchise, Oneurine Ngwa, Allison B. Conti, Victor Mbarika, and Evan Duggan. "Jamaica's Internet Story based on the GDI Framework." International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector 7, no. 3 (July 2015): 59–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisss.2015070104.
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In this paper the authors examine the diffusion of the Internet in Jamaica through the lens of the Global Diffusion of the Internet (GDI) framework, which characterizes Internet diffusion along six dimensions: Pervasiveness, Geographical Dispersion, Sectoral Absorption, Connectivity Infrastructure, Organizational Infrastructure, and Sophistication of Use. Jamaica, like most developing nations, has faced numerous challenges to expanding its Internet and other information infrastructures over the past decade (; ). However, much of these efforts have yielded positive outcomes. For instance, the liberalization of the telecommunications sector in the late 1990's has led to increased access to the Internet and related applications for Jamaican citizens. The authors use this development as baseline for examining the pivotal role the Internet can play in economic, political, and social development through e-commerce, e-government, tele-education, and tele-medicine and discuss some “unintended” consequences of the Internet in Jamaica such as the use of technology to facilitate sex tourism. The authors conclude by offering implications of our study for research, practice and policy development.
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Donovan, Stephen K., Harold L. Dixon, Ron K. Pickerill, and Eamon N. Doyle. "Pleistocene echinoid (Echinodermata) fauna from southeast Jamaica." Journal of Paleontology 68, no. 2 (March 1994): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000022939.
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A previously undocumented echinoid fauna occurs in the terrigenous clastic sedimentary sequence of the Old Pera Beds (Lower Pleistocene) and the overlying Port Morant Formation (Upper Pleistocene) at Old Pera, parish of St. Thomas, southeast Jamaica. The fauna is comprised of complete tests (particularly from two horizons in the Port Morant Formation), test fragments, and radioles, and includes: Cidaris (Tretocidaris) bartletti (A. Agassiz); Eucidaris tribuloides (Lamarck); diadematoid indet. gen. and sp.; Echinometra viridis A. Agassiz; Echinometra? sp.; Clypeaster rosaceus (Linné); a juvenile C. subdepressus? (Gray); mellitid indet. gen. and sp.; clypeasteroid sp.; Schizaster doederleini Chesher; Meoma ventricosa (Lamarck); and irregular indet. gen. and sp. Schizaster doederleini is still extant in the Caribbean, but is not known to live in Jamaican waters. Schizaster doederleini and Meoma ventricosa are the first nominal spatangoids to be reported from the Jamaican Pleistocene.
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Jones, Christopher Cannon. "“A verry poor place for our doctrine”: Religion and Race in the 1853 Mormon Mission to Jamaica." Religion and American Culture 31, no. 2 (2021): 262–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rac.2021.9.
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ABSTRACTThis article examines the first Mormon mission to Jamaica in January 1853. The missionaries, facing opposition from both black and white Jamaicans, returned to the United States after only a month on the island, having made only four converts. Latter-day Saints did not return to Jamaica for another 125 years. Drawing on the missionaries’ personal papers, church archives, local newspaper reports, and governmental records, I argue that the 1853 mission played a crucial role in shaping nineteenth-century Mormonism's racial theology, including the “temple and priesthood ban” that restricted priesthood ordination and temple worship for black men and women. While historians have rightly noted the role twentieth-century missions to regions of the African Diaspora played in ending the ban, studies of the racial restriction's early scope have been discussed in almost exclusively American contexts. The mission to Jamaica, precisely because of its failure, helped shape the ban's implementation and theological justifications. Failing to make any inroads, the elders concluded that both Jamaica and its inhabitants were cursed and not worthy of the missionaries’ time, which anticipated later decisions to prioritize preaching to whites and to scale back and ultimately abandon efforts to proselytize people of African descent.
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Waller, Lloyd, and Aldrane Genius. "Barriers to transforming government in Jamaica." Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 9, no. 4 (October 19, 2015): 480–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-12-2014-0067.
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Purpose – This study aims to highlight the barriers inhibiting the implementation of initiatives that seek to transform the efficiency, effectiveness and service delivery of government processes and systems through the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs, e-Government) in Jamaica. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology used for this study was “Qualitative Description”. Qualitative Description is guided by the Qualitative Descriptive Research Design and is epistemologically located within the Interpretivist Paradigm. The data collected for this study were based on the principle of judgmental sampling. In total, 23 experts working at various levels of e-Government implementation in Jamaica were interviewed for this study. Findings – It can be argued from the data analyzed that the factors which undermine the use of ICTs to improve government efficiency, effectiveness and public service delivery in Jamaica include: technical issues (ICT infrastructure, privacy and security), social issues (culture and the digital divide) and financial issues. Organizational issues such as top management support, resistance to change to electronic ways, lack of collaboration, lack of qualified personnel and training courses were not identified as barriers to e-Government in Jamaica. Research limitations/implications – The direct implications of the study are confined to the shores of Jamaica. Practical implications – This study provides government agencies in Jamaica with an opportunity to identify the practical gaps in e-Government implementation. At the global level, the study provides international development agencies that are currently funding, and those that have an interest in funding e-Government initiatives in Jamaica, with an understanding of the challenges to e-Government implementation in the country. Additionally, the study provides an opportunity for scholars doing cross-national qualitative study to compare and contrast the e-Government barriers identified in Jamaica with other countries and to further determine factors which may contribute to these similarities and differences and explore a possible holistic solution to these barriers. Social implications – The study draws attention to the problem of exclusion for those citizens affected by the digital divide, the problem of infrastructure and/or structural challenges such as poverty and are unable to access e-Government services. The study also highlights the problem of trust in the government by Jamaican citizens and the implication of this trust issue for e-Government implementation in the country. Originality/value – The study addresses the global scholarly and policy gap in the literature, as it relates to Caribbean experiences with barriers to e-Government implementation and, therefore, provides data for global comparative analysis. The study also contributes to global attempts to holistically understand the e-Government phenomenon by extending the current discourse to the Caribbean.
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Moseley-Wood, Rachel. "The Other Jamaica: Music and the City in Jamaican Film." Caribbean Quarterly 61, no. 2-3 (June 2015): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00086495.2015.11672557.
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Forsythe-Brown, Ivy, Robert Joseph Taylor, Linda M. Chatters, Ishtar O. Govia, Niki Matusko, and James S. Jackson. "Kinship Support in Jamaican Families in the USA and Jamaica." Journal of African American Studies 21, no. 2 (March 29, 2017): 187–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12111-017-9355-7.
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Zack, Michael. "Jamaica Picture." English Journal 89, no. 6 (July 2000): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/821279.
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