Relevant bibliographies by topics / Jamaica – Population

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Jamaica – Population'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Jamaica – Population"

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Govia, Ishtar, Janelle N. Robinson, Rochelle Amour, et al. "Mapping Long-Term Care in Jamaica: Addressing an Ageing Population." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (2021): 8101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13148101.

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Jamaica’s ageing population, high prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and associated functional impairments suggest the need for a sustainable long-term care (LTC) system. This paper describes the current LTC system in Jamaica. A review of empirical and grey literature on LTC was supplemented with consultations and interviews and group discussions for knowledge exchange, impact and engagement events with stakeholders being conducted as part of a project on dementia care improvement. Four key findings emerged: (1) Jamaica’s LTC system depends substantially on informal care (both unpaid and paid); (2) there is a need for strategic coordination for LTC across the state, cross-ministerial, private, and volunteer sectors; (3) compulsory insurance and social protection schemes appear to exacerbate rather than narrow socioeconomic inequalities in LTC; and (4) there is a lack of systematic LTC data gathering and related information systems in both the private and public sector—for both institutional and community-based care. For LTC in Jamaica and the broader Caribbean region to be sustainable, more evidence-informed policies and practices that address inequalities in access to services, ability to pay for care, direct support from government, and the risk of needing LTC are needed.
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Hickling, Frederick W. "Psychiatry in Jamaica." International Psychiatry 7, no. 1 (2010): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600000928.

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The intense historical relationship linking Jamaica and Britain to 300 years of the transatlantic slave trade and 200 years of colonialism has left 2.7 million souls living in Jamaica, 80% of African origin, 15% of mixed Creole background and 5% of Asian Indian, Chinese and European ancestry. With a per capita gross domestic product of US$4104 in 2007, one-third of the population is impoverished, the majority struggling for economic survival. The prevailing religion is Protestant, although the presence of African retentions such as Obeah and Pocomania are still widely and profoundly experienced, and the powerful Rastafarian movement emerged as a countercultural religious force after 1930. The paradox and contradictions of five centuries of Jamaican resistance to slavery and colonial oppression have spawned a tiny, resilient, creative, multicultural island people, who have achieved a worldwide philosophical, political and religious impact, phenomenal sporting prowess, astonishing musical and performing creativity, and a criminal underworld that has stunned by its propensity for violence.
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Reid, Sonya, Kayon Donaldson-Davis, Douladel Willie-Tyndale, et al. "Breast Cancer in Jamaica: Trends From 2010 to 2014—Is Mortality Increasing?" JCO Global Oncology, no. 6 (September 2020): 837–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.20.00022.

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PURPOSE This study sought to provide a detailed analysis of breast cancer–specific mortality in Jamaica on the basis of reported deaths between 2010 and 2014. METHODS A cross-sectional study was done to analyze breast cancer–specific mortality data from the Registrar General’s Department, the statutory body responsible for registering all deaths across Jamaica. RESULTS A total of 1,634 breast cancer–related deaths were documented among Jamaican women between 2010 and 2014, which accounted for 24% of all female cancer deaths. The age-standardized breast cancer mortality rate increased from 21.8 per 100,000 in 2010 to 28 per 100,000 in 2014 for the total female population. The overall difference in breast cancer mortality rates between the 2014 and 2010 rates was not statistically significant ( P = .114). Analysis of the year-by-year trend reflected by the annual percentage of change did show, however, a statistically significant increasing trend in breast cancer mortality ( P = .028). Mortality rates varied by age, with statistically significant annual increases observed in the 35-44–, 65-74–, and ≥ 75-year age groups ( P = .04, .03, and .01, respectively). CONCLUSION Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death among Jamaican women. Despite global advances in breast cancer screening and management, breast cancer remains a major public health challenge and represents a public health priority in Jamaica. The increasing breast cancer–specific mortality in Jamaica over the 5-year period contrasts with decreasing mortality rates among US women with breast cancer. This study highlights the critical need to address the implementation of a national organized breast cancer screening program in Jamaica and to focus future research efforts on the biology of breast cancer, especially among young Jamaican women.
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Morrison, Belinda F., William Aiken, Richard Mayhew, Yulit Gordon, and Marvin Reid. "Prostate Cancer Screening in Jamaica: Results of the Largest National Screening Clinic." Journal of Cancer Epidemiology 2016 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2606805.

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Prostate cancer is highly prevalent in Jamaica and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Our aim was to evaluate the patterns of screening in the largest organized screening clinic in Jamaica at the Jamaica Cancer Society. A retrospective analysis of all men presenting for screening at the Jamaica Cancer Society from 1995 to 2005 was done. All patients had digital rectal examinations (DRE) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) tests done. Results of prostate biopsies were noted. 1117 men of mean age 59.9 ± 8.2 years presented for screening. The median documented PSA was 1.6 ng/mL (maximum of 5170 ng/mL). Most patients presented for only 1 screen. There was a gradual reduction in the mean age of presentation for screening over the period. Prostate biopsies were requested on 11% of screening visits; however, only 59% of these were done. 5.6% of all persons screened were found to have cancer. Of the cancers diagnosed, Gleason 6 adenocarcinoma was the commonest grade and median PSA was 8.9 ng/mL (range 1.5–1059 ng/mL). Older men tend to screen for prostate cancer in Jamaica. However, compliance with regular maintenance visits and requests for confirmatory biopsies are poor. Screening needs intervention in the Jamaican population.
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Garraway, Eric, and B. E. Freeman. "THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF IPS GRANDICOLLIS (EICHHOFF) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN JAMAICA." Canadian Entomologist 122, no. 2 (1990): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent122217-3.

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AbstractIps grandicollis (Eichhoff) was first recorded from Jamaica in 1978 and has become a potential pest in Pinus plantations in the island. Its distribution there is determined by the occurrence of suitable food, but not by altitude or rainfall. Developmental mortality due to predators, parasites, and resin did not limit population numbers within logs: control resulted ultimately from competition among egg-laying females and among larvae for space in suitable logs. However, when the entire Jamaican population was considered, dispersive loss of adults played a major part in the limitation of numbers. A cyclic budget revealed that a minimum of 44% of the population was lost during dispersal. Dispersive loss in the males (77.3%) was higher than that in the females (35.4%), and this difference may be related to the primary role of the males in finding suitable logs.
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Cerbon, Danielle, Matthew Schlumbrecht, Camille Ragin, Priscila Barreto Coelho, Judith Hurley, and Sophia George. "Comparing breast cancer characteristics and outcomes between black U.S.-born patients and black immigrant patients from individual Caribbean islands." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): e13633-e13633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e13633.

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e13633 Background: Caribbean-born black immigrants (CBI) represent 57% of all black immigrants in the US; they come mainly from Haiti, Jamaica, Dominican Republic (DR), and Cuba. Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women living in the Caribbean, however, our previous retrospective cohort of 1131 black women with BC shows that CBI have a better overall survival compared with US-born black (USB). The Caribbean has a majority of African ancestry; nonetheless, different ancestral populations differ in genetic composition, making the Caribbean a distinct population with several health disparities within it. Therefore, we stratified our study by each Caribbean country compared to USB patients with the objective of further studying the difference in BC outcomes between USB patients and CBI. Methods: We identified BC patients through a Safety Net and Private Hospital Tumor Registries. We selected the most populace sites: Haiti, Jamaica, Bahamas, Cuba and DR; and used data from 1,082 patients to estimate hazard rations (HRs) using Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan Meier analysis for overall survival; Chi Squared and independent sample t-test to verify associations in categorical variables. Results: The study has 250 Haitian, 89 Jamaican, 43 Bahamian, 38 Dominican, 38 Cuban and 624 USB women. Haitians underwent less surgery (HB 61.2% vs USB 72.9%; P = 0.001) and had less triple negative BC (18% vs USB 27.8%; P = 0.006). Bahamians were the youngest at diagnosis (50.5 years vs. USB 57.6 P < 0.001) and presented at more advanced stages (stage 3/4, 54.3% vs USB 35.3%; P = 0.02). Jamaicans and DR underwent more radiation therapy (43.8%, P = 0.002 and 44.7%, P = 0.028 vs. USB 28%). Jamaican women had a better overall survival compared to USB patients (median of 154.93 months, 95% CI: 114.1-195.5 vs 98.63 months, 95% CI: 76.4-120.8; Log-Rank Mantel Cox P = 0.034). Favorable factors for survival were: radiation therapy in Haitian and USB (aHR = 0.45, 95% 0.27-0.77; P = 0.004); and surgery in USB (aHR = 0.26 (0.19-0.36), p < 0.001), Bahamians (aHR = 0.05 (0.01-0.47), p = 0.008) and Jamaicans (aHR = 0.08 (0.03-0.24), p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study underlines the vast heterogeneity in the Caribbean population and demonstrates that Jamaican immigrants with BC have a higher overall survival compared to USB patients, proposing that genetic and other cancer related factors inherent to country of origin impact survival within Caribbean immigrants and highlighting the need for further studies in this immigrant sub-group.
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Saqib, Najam-us. "M. A. Ayuh. Made in Jamaica: The Development of Manufacturing Sector. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 1981. xxii+128 pp." Pakistan Development Review 25, no. 1 (1986): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v25i1pp.93-95.

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Jamaica, known in the world for her rich deposits of bauxite ore, is a small Caribbean country with an area of 10991 square kilometers and a population of just over two million individuals. This beautifu11and, which was described by Columbus as "The fairest isle that eyes have beheld" has developed a remarkably diversified manufacturing sector starting from a modest industrial base. Jamaica's manufacturing industry enjoyed a respectable growth rate of about 6 percent per annum during the good old days of the euphoric '50s and '60s. However, those bright sunny days ''when to live was bliss" were followed by the chilling winter of much subdued progress. The rise and fall of growth have aroused considerable interest among economists and policy• makers. The book under review probes the causes of this behaviour by analysing key characteristics of Jamaican manufacturing sector and tracing its path of evolution.
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Whitehorne-Smith, Patrice, Sharyn Burns, Ben Milbourn, Wendel Abel, and Robyn Martin. "Cross-sectional mixed-methods study protocol exploring the enablers and barriers for people with severe and enduring mental illness in Jamaica when accessing healthcare for chronic physical illness." BMJ Open 10, no. 8 (2020): e038245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038245.

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IntroductionExtant international research suggests that people with severe and enduring mental illness (PWSEMI) experience increased rates of chronic physical illness (CPI), reduced life expectancy and higher mortality than those in the general population. The high prevalence of CPI among PWSEMI is associated with a number of barriers that this population experiences when accessing physical healthcare. Although substantial research has been conducted in North America, Europe and Australia, there appears to be a paucity of research exploring CPI among PWSEMI in the Caribbean region, although this region has reported very high rates of non-communicable diseases within its populations. The current study will be situated in Jamaica and will explore the enablers and barriers to PWSEMI accessing healthcare for CPI.Methods and analysisA convergent mixed-method design will explore the enablers and barriers to accessing healthcare for CPI among PWSEMI. This cross-sectional study will collect data from PWSEMI, caregivers and family members, community health aides, primary care physicians, psychiatrists and health policymakers.Ethics and disseminationThe study findings will provide baseline data describing the prevalence of CPI among PWSEMI in Jamaica and will identify enablers for, and barriers to, PWSEMI accessing CPI care. Findings will be disseminated widely in Jamaica and internationally to key stakeholders through publications and conferences. Institutional ethical approval was granted from Jamaica’s Ministry of Health and Wellness Medico-legal Ethics Review Panel (# 2019/49), the Curtin University Human Research and Ethics Committee (HRE 2020–0022) and the University of the West Indies FMS Ethics Committee (ECP 101, 19/20).
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Ryden, David Beck. "Manumission in Late Eighteenth-Century Jamaica." New West Indian Guide 92, no. 3-4 (2018): 211–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-09203054.

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Abstract Manumission touched comparatively few slaves, but it proved to be an essential institution for the growth of Jamaica’s free population-of-color. Heretofore, there have been no systematic studies of manumission records for the eighteenth century. This paper analyzes manumission deeds filed as official records in the island’s Secretary’s office during the 1770s. These documents are scrutinized in light of Edward Long’s 1774 discussion on the free population and the manumission process. Despite white anxiety over the growth of the free-population-of-color, the data show that a wide cross-section of Jamaica’s free-population liberated enslaved people for a variety of reasons, including cash payments that reflected market imperatives. While most enslaved people could never hope to find freedom in this fashion, the constancy of manumission had an enormous bearing on the makeup of the free population.
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Golding, J., K. Foster-Williams, K. Coard, and D. Ashley. "A Cluster of Central Nervous System Defects in Jamaica." Human & Experimental Toxicology 9, no. 1 (1990): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719000900104.

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1 Information was collected on all stillbirths and neonatal deaths on the island of Jamaica during the 12-month period between September 1986 and August 1987. 2 There were 33 such deaths with anencephaly, spina bifida and hydrocephalus out of an estimated 54 400 total births. 3 There was a statistically significant cluster in respect to time of conception in one small rural area of the island. 4 There were no obvious differences between parents involved in the cluster and the rest of the population, but particular Jamaican fruit and vegetables have been shown to be teratogenic in animals. It is postulated that the cluster may have been associated with an unripe crop.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Jamaica – Population"

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Lehnert, Matthew Steven. "Ecology and population biology of the Jamaican Giant Swallowtail, Papilio (Pterourus) homerus Fabricius (Lepidoptera : Papilionidae), in the Cockpit Country, Jamaica." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0012104.

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Crooks, Donneth. "Development and Testing of the Elderly Social Vulnerability Index (ESVI): A Composite Indicator to Measure Social Vulnerability in the Jamaican Elderly Population." FIU Digital Commons, 2009. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/186.

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Over the last two decades social vulnerability has emerged as a major area of study, with increasing attention to the study of vulnerable populations. Generally, the elderly are among the most vulnerable members of any society, and widespread population aging has led to greater focus on elderly vulnerability. However, the absence of a valid and practical measure constrains the ability of policy-makers to address this issue in a comprehensive way. This study developed a composite indicator, The Elderly Social Vulnerability Index (ESVI), and used it to undertake a comparative analysis of the availability of support for elderly Jamaicans based on their access to human, material and social resources. The results of the ESVI indicated that while the elderly are more vulnerable overall, certain segments of the population appear to be at greater risk. Females had consistently lower scores than males, and the oldest-old had the highest scores of all groups of older persons. Vulnerability scores also varied according to place of residence, with more rural parishes having higher scores than their urban counterparts. These findings support the political economy framework which locates disadvantage in old age within political and ideological structures. The findings also point to the pervasiveness and persistence of gender inequality as argued by feminist theories of aging. Based on the results of the study it is clear that there is a need for policies that target specific population segments, in addition to universal policies that could make the experience of old age less challenging for the majority of older persons. Overall, the ESVI has displayed usefulness as a tool for theoretical analysis and demonstrated its potential as a policy instrument to assist decision-makers in determining where to target their efforts as they seek to address the issue of social vulnerability in old age. Data for this study came from the 2001 population and housing census of Jamaica, with multiple imputation for missing data. The index was derived from the linear aggregation of three equally weighted domains, comprised of eleven unweighted indicators which were normalized using z-scores. Indicators were selected based on theoretical relevance and data availability.
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Ekundayo, Olaniyi J. "Factors associated with sexual debut and depression among adolescents in rural Jamaica." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008r/ekundayo.pdf.

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Scott, Penelope Anne. "The efficacy of a mass media population control campaign in Jamaica's national development." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34612.

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In 1983 the Jamaican Parliament officially endorsed a National Population Policy which made the island the first in the Caribbean region to formulate such a policy. The Population Policy defined Jamaica's accelerating population as a negative constraint on the country's national development. One of the aims therefore, of the Policy was the introduction of replacement fertility i.e. a two child family. This was stipulated as a prerequisite to limit Jamaica's population growth. In an effort to disseminate the message of the two child family three mass media campaigns were conducted in the nineteen eighties. This thesis examines the efficacy of this replacement fertility campaign strategy in Jamaica's national development. The campaign's efficacy will be examined on the basis of its conceptualisation and implementation. This thesis constructs the argument that firstly, the conceptualisation of the media campaign was based on academically discredited views and assumptions on the role of the media in development. This position is substantiated in two ways. Firstly, through a semiotic analysis of the advertising campaign which revealed the implicit level of expectations concerning the campaign as well as the media's role in development. Secondly, through interviews with campaign planners and policy makers which disclosed the explicit expectations regarding the media and the campaign's function in development. It is argued that the ideological nature of the campaign's mythic structure, deciphered through the semiotic analysis, implies a role for the media in development which is consistent with the views of communication scholars who were advocates of the currently discredited Modernisation based model of communication in national development. An analysis of interviews with the campaign planners and policymakers demonstrates that their expressed views on the role of the media in development are identifiable with assumptions on this role inherent in the Modernisation paradigm. The thesis argues secondly, that the misinformed criteria and expectations directing the campaign are further reinforced by several features of the campaign design and implementation. It is shown that certain principles and practices of campaign design such as audience research, pretesting and interpersonal communication, which are academically proven ingredients of successful campaigns, were neglected in the campaign's construction. This calls into question the integrity of the campaign as a mechanism of social intervention. Further challenges to the campaign's efficacy are raised by findings from a social survey among the target group. This survey sought to assess the audience's view on the two child family; patterns of mass media use; sources of information on family planning; the credibility of these sources compared with the credibility of the media; contraceptive use and information needs on contraception.
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Sharma, Sangita. "Development of a food frequency questionnaire for assessing nutrient intakes in African origin populations in Cameroon, Jamaica and Manchester, UK." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1996. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.634431.

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Zaatari, Darine. "Individual biological traits and behavior in economic games in two populations Lebanon and Jamaica /." 2007. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.13449.

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Books on the topic "Jamaica – Population"

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Slave population and economy in Jamaica, 1807-1834. The Press, University of the West Indies, 1995.

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Economic structure and demographic performance in Jamaica, 1891-1935. Garland Pub., 1987.

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Belisario, I. M. Sketches of character, in illustration of the habits, occupation and costume of the negro population, in the islandof Jamaica, drawn after nature and lithography. [s.n.], 1989.

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Isaacs, Karl. Dred: A collection of poems, written in authentic Jamaican dialect, with illustrations, depicting the rich culture of a prominent segment of the Jamaican population. FOUR-G Publisher, 1995.

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Knowlton, Nancy. Case study of natural population collapse: Post-hurricane predation on Jamaican staghorn corals. Smithsonian Institution Press, 1990.

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Sharma, Sangita. Development of a food frequency questionnaire for assessing nutrient intakes in African origin populations in Cameroon, Jamaica and Manchester, UK. University of Manchester, 1996.

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Roberts, George W. The Population of Jamaica. Cambridge University Press, 2013.

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Jamaica, Statistical Institute of, ed. Population projections, Jamaica, 1980-2015. Statistical Institute of Jamaica, 1986.

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National report on population Jamaica. The Institute, 1994.

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Planning Institute of Jamaica. Population Unit. and Jamaica. Population Policy Coordinating Committee., eds. A statement of national population policy, Jamaica. Planning Institute of Jamaica, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Jamaica – Population"

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"Jamaica." In World Population Prospects. UN, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/9c5e78e3-en.

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"Jamaica." In World Population Policies 2019. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/4223b15c-en.

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"Jamaica." In World Population Policies 2015. UN, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/eada27b7-en.

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"Jamaica." In World Population Policies 2017. United Nations, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/9789210049702c096.

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"Jamaica." In World Population Prospects 2019 - Volume II: Demographic Profiles. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/888a395b-en.

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"Jamaica." In World Population Prospects 2017 - Volume II: Demographic Profiles. United Nations, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/9789210001021c132.

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"Jamaica." In Statistical Papers - United Nations (Ser. A), Population and Vital Statistics Report. UN, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/a650a604-en.

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"Jamaica." In Statistical Papers - United Nations (Ser. A), Population and Vital Statistics Report. UN, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/01344cff-en.

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Walker, Christine. "Kingston." In Jamaica Ladies. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469658797.003.0003.

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Chapter Two focuses on the urban and seafaring pursuits of a diverse group of women living in early eighteenth-century Kingston. Women of European, Euro-African, and African descent comprised a considerable portion of the city’s free population. They worked in a range of occupations. Some were wealthy merchants who participated in privateering ventures while others operated small-scale shops and taverns. The majority of Kingston’s women entrepreneurs were also enslavers. After gaining a monopoly on the slave trade with the Spanish Empire, the South Sea Company made Kingston its base. The city’s female inhabitants readily exploited their access to the burgeoning market in captive Africans. By the mid-eighteenth century, slaveholding was nearly ubiquitous among Kingston’s free and freed women, who treated enslaved people as crucial laborers and as valuable property.
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Walker, Christine. "Conclusion." In Jamaica Ladies. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469658797.003.0008.

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The book concludes in the 1760s, the era when most of the scholarship on Jamaica begins. It uses a unique set of letters written by a Euro-African woman, Mary Rose, to her former paramour and patron, Rose Fuller, to frame a moment of violence and change in the colony. Between 1760 and 1761, enslaved people launched a massive uprising called Tacky’s Revolt on the island. Tacky’s Revolt challenged slaveholder hegemony and threatened British power in Jamaica. Rose occupied a liminal position in colonial society during this moment of crisis. She was a free woman of European and African descent of middling wealth who commanded enslaved people and worked as a rancher to earn additional income. Yet, her authority was fragile and dependent on Fuller’s support. Rose thus foregrounds the precarious position occupied by free and freed women with African ancestry at a moment when some local officials, together with imperial authorities, determined that white solidary was the solution to extinguishing slave insurgencies. The local government sought to limit the material wealth held by free people of Euro-African descent. Yet, this population continued to grow, adding to the diverse group of women who remained deeply invested in slaveholding.
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Conference papers on the topic "Jamaica – Population"

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Diaz Barriga, Maria Elena, and Nickolas J. Themelis. "The Potential and Obstacles for Waste-to-Energy in Island Settings." In 19th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec19-5443.

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Rapid economic development and also population growth of urban centers in developing island nations have resulted in the generation of large amounts of MSW that in the past were dumped at uninhabited areas indiscriminately. Also, islands have very limited space for new, sanitary landfills. This study examines islands where WTE has been implemented successfully (Bermuda, Martinique, St. Barth) and several others (Jamaica, Mauritius, Rhodes) where WTE has been considered and is in various stages of implementation. The study showed that the per capita generation of MSW increases as GDP per capita increases. Also, it is usually recommended that the waste management system be improved one step at a time, that is, to go from dumps to sanitary landfills, to waste to energy; it is interesting to note that the three islands examined in this study went directly from dumps to WTE. This phenomenon can be partly attributed to the scarcity of land for new landfills, but may also be due to the desire to develop a local and renewable energy source.
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Khotimah, Siti Nurul, and Dwi Ernawati. "Motivation on Early Detection of Cervical Cancer in Women of Reproductive Age: A Scoping Review." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.65.

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ABSTRACT Background: Cervical cancer ranked the fourth most cancer incidence in women. WHO announced that 311,000 women died from the disease in 2018. Cervical cancer screening uptake remains low, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This scoping review aimed to investigate the motivation for early detection of cervical cancer in women of reproductive age. Subjects and Method: A scoping review method was conducted in eight stages including (1) Identification of study problems; (2) Determining priority problem and study question; (3) Determining framework; (4) Literature searching; (5) Article selection; (6) Critical appraisal; (7) Data extraction; and (8) Mapping. The research question was identified using population, exposure, and outcome(s) (PEOS) framework. The search included PubMed, ResearchGate, and grey literature through the Google Scholar search engine databases. The inclusion criteria were English-language and full-text articles published between 2010 and 2020. A total of 275 articles were obtained by the searched database. After the review process, twelve articles were eligible for this review. The quality of searched articles was appraised by Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. The data were reported by the PRISMA flow chart. Results: Seven articles from developing countries (Jamaica, Nepal, Africa, Nigeria, Libya, and Uganda) and five articles from developed countries (England, Canada, Sweden, and Japan) met the inclusion criteria with cross-sectional studies. The selected existing studies discussed 3 main themes related to motivation to early detection of cervical cancer, namely sexual and reproductive health problems, diseases, and influence factors. Conclusion: Motivation for cervical cancer screening uptake is strongly related to the early detection of cervical cancer among reproductive-aged women. Client-centered counseling and comprehensive sexual and reproductive health education play an important role in delivering information about the importance of cervical cancer screening. Keywords: motivation, cervical cancer, screening, early detection, reproductive-aged Correspondence: Siti Nurul Khotimah. Health Sciences Department of Master Program, Universitas Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Siliwangi (Ringroad Barat) No. 63, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55292. Email: Sitinurulkhotimah1988@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281227888442. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.65
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Reports on the topic "Jamaica – Population"

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Araujo, María Caridad, Marta Rubio-Codina, and Norbert Schady. 70 to 700 to 70,000: Lessons from the Jamaica Experiment. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003210.

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This document compares three versions of the same home visiting model, the well-known Jamaica model, which was gradually scaled-up from an efficacy trial (proof of concept) in Jamaica, to a pilot in Colombia, to an at-scale program in Peru. It first describes the design, implementation and impacts of these three programs. Then, it analyzes the threats to scalability in each of these experiences and discusses how they could have affected program outcomes, with a focus on three of the elements of the economic model of scaling in Al-Ubaydli, et al. (Forthcoming): appropriate statistical inference, properties of the population, and properties of the situation. The document reflects on the lessons learned to mitigate the threats to scalability and on how research and evaluation can be better aligned to facilitate and support the scaling-up process of early child development interventions. It points out those attributes that interventions must maintain to ensure effectiveness at scale. Similarly, political support is also identified as indispensable.
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S. Abdellatif, Omar, Ali Behbehani, and Mauricio Landin. Jamaica COVID-19 Governmental Response. UN Compliance Research Group, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52008/jmc0501.

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The International Health Regulations (2005) are legally binding on 196 States Parties, Including all WHO Member States. The IHR aims to keep the world informed about public health risks, through committing all signatories to cooperate together in combating any future “illness or medical condition, irrespective of origin or source, that presents or could present significant harm to humans.” Under IHR, countries agreed to strengthen their public health capacities and notify the WHO of any such illness in their populations. The WHO would be the centralized body for all countries facing a health threat, with the power to declare a “public health emergency of international concern,” issue recommendations, and work with countries to tackle a crisis. Although, with the sudden and rapid spread of COVID-19 in the world, many countries varied in implementing the WHO guidelines and health recommendations. While some countries followed the WHO guidelines, others imposed travel restrictions against the WHO’s recommendations. Some refused to share their data with the organization. Others banned the export of medical equipment, even in the face of global shortages. The UN Compliance Research group will focus during the current cycle on analyzing the compliance of the WHO member states to the organizations guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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