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Journal articles on the topic 'Jan Gehl'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 January 2023

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1

Mansur Garda, Juan Carlos. "Jan Gehl, Ciudades para la gente: [reseña]." Estudios: filosofía, historia, letras 16, no. 126 (2018): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.5347/01856383.0126.000289544.

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2

Vershinina, I. A. "Jan Gehl’s concept of human planning." Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science 26, no. 1 (2020): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2020-26-1-29-45.

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The article discusses the concept of human planning proposed by Danish architect Jan Gehl. He criticizes the main trajectory of urban development in the twentieth century and points out that for several decades architects were more concerned about creating space for the free movement of cars. With this approach, the interests of pedestrians are ignored; as a result people are gradually squeezed out of the streets by cars because of streets’ low comfort for them. Gehl suggests revising the priorities of urban planning and creating urban space for pedestrians to intensify social interactions. He believes that creating conditions for walking and increasing the number of public spaces can help to improve citizens’ quality of life. Gehl‘s proposals today become the basis for the reorganization of some cities in the world, including Moscow.
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3

Torbaty, Khatereh, and Atefeh Hashemian. "Identifying Effective Factors in Transformation of Khajoo Bridge Into A Successful Linear Public Space Based on Jan Gehl’s Criteria." Current World Environment 10, Special-Issue1 (2015): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.10.special-issue1.21.

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Khajoo Bridge in Isfahan is one of these successful historical examples. Taking it as a sample, we have tried to identify reasons _ with an aim to find proper applicable approach_ behind the preservation of liveliness in this bridge in past and present .To begin we first explained the meaning of city design and criteria of desirable city space according to Jan Gehl ( a famous Danish architect, sociologist, and urban design consultant). Then we searched, studied and analyzed related documents and observations for better understanding of functions and liveliness of Khajoo Bridge. our comprehensive researches showed that elements used in designing and building of the khajoo bridge have been in agreement with Jan Gehl’s criteria of desirable place (protection, comfort, joy). Evaluation of functions and personality of Khajoo Bridge during different eras also revealed that, by employing humanity, culture and architecture, design of the Khajoo Bridge is most harmonious with the third criteria of Jan Gehl for a desirable place (joy). Taking this approach (joyous-entertaining-life giving) has contributed to the sustention of the Khajoo Bridge in many years.
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4

Garfinkel-Castro, Andrea, and Matthew Wheelwright. "Review: People Cities: The Life and Legacy of Jan Gehl." Journal of Planning Education and Research 38, no. 3 (2017): 386–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x17724873.

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5

Karapuda, Michał. "Cities for people – introduction to the concept of the city by Jan Gehl." Kultura i Wartości 26 (January 22, 2019): 287–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/kw.2018.26.287-303.

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Capelli, Charles, and Damien Chardonnet-Darmaillacq. "Entretien avec Jan Gehl?: «?There is much more to walking than walking?»." Espaces et sociétés 179, no. 4 (2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/esp.179.0017.

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Erten, Erdem. ""Önce Yaşam, Sonra Kent Mekânı, Sonra Yapılar!": Jan Gehl ve "İnsan İçin Kentler"." Meltem �zmir akdeniz akademisi dergisi, no. 9 (October 1, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32325/iaad.2021.8.

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8

McNeill, Donald. "Fine Grain, Global City: Jan Gehl, Public Space and Commercial Culture in Central Sydney." Journal of Urban Design 16, no. 2 (2011): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2011.548977.

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9

Lutt, Frederick. "People cities: The life and legacy of Jan Gehl, by Annie Matan and Peter Newman." Journal of Urban Affairs 41, no. 4 (2018): 570–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2018.1507215.

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10

Cárdenas Merino, Diego Pablo, and Jessica Solange Fuentealba Quilodrán. "Mapeos de Gehl aplicados en las escaleras de Melipulli – Puerto Montt." Revista de Arquitectura 27, no. 42 (2022): 90–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5354/0719-5427.2022.66692.

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Las escaleras de Puerto Montt constituyen en su conjunto, un elemento arquitectónico que articula a la ciudad, respondiendo a la condición topográfica de ella, y que permite otros usos más allá del tránsito peatonal. En ellas se dan instancias de recreación, de sociabilización y de apreciación del paisaje. A pesar del valor que poseen, la percepción ciudadana sobre estos elementos es de inseguridad o peligro, lo que se puede deber a la falta de atención desde la institucionalidad y por las malas prácticas que algunos peatones desarrollan en ellas. Ante la actual falta de espacios públicos habilitados en el centro histórico de Puerto Montt, las escaleras y su diversidad de usos cobran aún más sentido. Esta investigación indagó sobre 3 escaleras en particular como un ensayo metodológico que otorga datos concretos para estudios diversos. La metodología aplicada fue mixta, combinando datos cuantitativos y cualitativos, con un enfoque etnográfico, cuya base considera las herramientas brindadas por Jan Gehl para estudiar la ciudad y sus espacios públicos, y el croquis como instrumento de observación. De esta forma, se identificaron patrones de uso del peatón.
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Acasandre, Andreea, and Diana Bancov. "Investigating Age and Gender Stereotypes." Logos Universality Mentality Education Novelty: Political Sciences & European Studies 6, no. 1 (2020): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumenpses/6.1/17.

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This research focuses on the presence of stereotypes regarding age and gender, using as case study the book Cities for people, by Jan Gehl. Recognized worldwide as one of the most important supporters for the rapprochement of the public urban space towards its citizens, Jan Gehl dedicated most of his career to the importance of the human factor in the planning of cities. This study represents a content analysis of the ways in which the characters from the Cities for people book are being presented according to gender and age. The research represents a quantitative analysis of all the images in the book, comprising individuals or groups of people (collective characters) involved in different types of actions. The results of the study highlight an a relatively equal presence of both genders (48.8% feminine characters and 51.2% masculine characters). Most of the images present individual characters, which gives us the opportunity to clearly see their general image, socio-demographic characteristics (relative age and gender) or carried actions. However, there is a significant percentage of nearly 21% of the images in which the characters are presented as part of a crowd, as collective characters, which causes an increased degree of un-individualization. Even in these cases, non the less, there can be frequently observed a relatively homogeneous mass of people, most of them male adults. The biggest discrepancy highlighted by the study of the images of this book is with regard to the distribution of the main age categories (children, adolescents, adults and seniors). When it comes to these categories, Cities for people gives a greater attention to the adults, a category of people which is present in nearly 50% of the images. The other 50% is divided between children, adolescents and seniors, the most disadvantaged of them being, surprisingly, the children’s category (present in only 12.1% of the images).
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12

Szmygin, Katarzyna. "Cyclists as the element that creates the city." Budownictwo i Architektura 15, no. 4 (2016): 017–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/bud-arch_16_154_02.

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The active participation of cyclists in the transformation of urban structures is becoming a commonly discussed subject nowadays. More bike lanes are being constructed, city bike stations, as well as grade-separated crossroads for cyclists and drivers are being created. Cyclists have been increasingly taken into consideration in the changes taking place within the city. Along with the revolution introduced by a Danish architect and urban planner Jan Gehl has changed thinking about cyclists. All of his regeneration and restoration projects focused primarily on structures that allow cyclists and pedestrians move without any obstacles. Article will discuss the founding of the cyclists-friendly city, the polish requirements for cycling infrastructure, as well as show examples of Polish and foreign properly designed solutions.
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Machado, Giancarlo Marques Carraro. "Cidade para quais pessoas? Sobre as contradições da reforma do Vale do Anhangabaú." Tempo Social 34, no. 1 (2022): 153–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/0103-2070.ts.2022.190441.

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O artigo reconstitui algumas das principais mediações e embates em torno do recente projeto de reforma do Vale do Anhangabaú – um dos espaços públicos mais expressivos e disputados de São Paulo – para, consequentemente, problematizar os sentidos de certos léxicos incorporados por diferentes gestões municipais a fim de garantir a coalizão necessária para execução da obra. O destaque fica para o conceito de cidade para pessoas, propagado por Jan Gehl, arquiteto e urbanista dinamarquês. Com tal objetivo, espera-se, pois, refletir sobre a seguinte questão: para quais pessoas o Vale do Anhangabaú estaria sendo reformado? A proposta será possível com base na análise de documentos e de publicações disponibilizadas por setores da Prefeitura de São Paulo; de reportagens jornalísticas propagadas em canais diversos; de posicionamentos de agentes ligados a múltiplas esferas da sociedade civil; além, ainda, do diálogo com autores vinculados aos estudos urbanos.
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Machado, Giancarlo Marques Carraro. "Cidade para quais pessoas? Sobre as contradições da reforma do Vale do Anhangabaú." Tempo Social 34, no. 1 (2022): 153–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/0103-2070.ts.2022.190441.

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O artigo reconstitui algumas das principais mediações e embates em torno do recente projeto de reforma do Vale do Anhangabaú – um dos espaços públicos mais expressivos e disputados de São Paulo – para, consequentemente, problematizar os sentidos de certos léxicos incorporados por diferentes gestões municipais a fim de garantir a coalizão necessária para execução da obra. O destaque fica para o conceito de cidade para pessoas, propagado por Jan Gehl, arquiteto e urbanista dinamarquês. Com tal objetivo, espera-se, pois, refletir sobre a seguinte questão: para quais pessoas o Vale do Anhangabaú estaria sendo reformado? A proposta será possível com base na análise de documentos e de publicações disponibilizadas por setores da Prefeitura de São Paulo; de reportagens jornalísticas propagadas em canais diversos; de posicionamentos de agentes ligados a múltiplas esferas da sociedade civil; além, ainda, do diálogo com autores vinculados aos estudos urbanos.
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15

Oliveira, Luciana, and Maria Augusta Justi Pisani. "Espaços públicos de propriedade privada: os Pops de Nova York." Paisagem e Ambiente, no. 39 (October 20, 2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2359-5361.v0i39p113-132.

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Este artigo discute as implicações da transferência de responsabilidade da proposição e gestão dos espaços coletivos, da esfera pública para a esfera privada, e qual o impacto e/ou contribuição dessa transferência para a paisagem urbana e a qualidade de vida. O objeto de estudo é o sistema de bonificação utilizado em Nova York para criação de espaços de propriedade privada de uso coletivo, denominados POPS (Privately Owned Public Spaces). A pesquisa realizou levantamento quantitativo e qualitativo com base nos preceitos teóricos de Jan Gehl (2006), na Park Avenue. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que as praças corporativas dos edifícios contribuem para o sistema de espaços livres para uso público e enobrecem a paisagem urbana local. Porém, a apropriação dos espaços livres pela população depende do grau de acessibilidade e permeabilidade visual entre os POPS e as circulações públicas, as calçadas.
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16

Aita Pippi, Luis Guilherme, and Alice Rodrigues Lautert. "PRAÇAS COMO ESPAÇOS PÚBLICOS RELEVANTES." Revista Projetar - Projeto e Percepção do Ambiente 4, no. 1 (2019): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21680/2448-296x.2019v4n1id16796.

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Praças são espaços livres públicos muito comuns e frequentados nas cidades em geral. As praças podem ser utilizadas de diversas formas, tanto para realização de atividades culturais, manifestações artísticas e políticas, comércio, descanso, lazer e recreação, entre outros. Elas se caracterizam como um importante espaço de reunião e ponto de encontro na cidade, sendo sua maior função a de caráter social. O arquiteto, urbanista e paisagista possui o desafio de trabalhar com praças e seu entorno, a fim de proporcionar melhorias nesse espaço público, de modo a influenciar positivamente a qualidade de vida e a relação dos usuários com a cidade. Esse artigo aborda alguns conceitos que fornecem importantes diretrizes para projetos referentes ao espaço livre público, focando nas praças. São apresentados estudos realizados por profissionais da área, como Jan Gehl, William Whyte e Jane Jacobs, que ao longo dos anos trazem importantes contribuições para a área do planejamento urbano. É retratado também um estudo de caso da revitalização do Largo São Francisco, no centro de São Paulo, através de um projeto-piloto que aplicou tais ideias na sua realização. Percebe-se que esses conceitos abordados se mostram pertinentes ao exercício de projetar, a fim de qualificar e fortalecer as novas praças como espaços livres públicos relevantes nas cidades brasileiras.
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17

Pérez Mateos, Àngels, Àngel Cebollada Frontera, and Ana Vera Martín. "Actividad comercial y uso del espacio público en los centros urbanos: un análisis clúster." Documents d'Anàlisi Geogràfica 67, no. 3 (2021): 561–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/dag.683.

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La relación entre espacio público y actividad comercial es constitutiva en los centros urbanos. De este modo, los establecimientos se concentran en espacios urbanos de mayor atracción (calles comerciales, centros comerciales y mercados) y también forman parte de los procesos socioespaciales de dichos entornos. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el papel de la actividad comercial en el uso del espacio público basándonos en la dimensión humana del urbanista Jan Gehl (2010). Para ello se utilizan las variables del censo de la actividad comercial, flujos de peatones y la caracterización física de las calles de los siete centros urbanos trabajados. De esta manera, se obtendrán resultados del análisis clúster que evidencian las múltiples relaciones entre los distintos usos comerciales, los rasgos de las calles y su espacio público y el paso diario de peatones, así como la naturaleza independiente y explicativa que ha mostrado esta última variable en el análisis.
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Rodrigues Valandro, Roberta, Angela Pereira Barros, Tarcísio Dorn de Oliveira, and Pedro Luís Büttenbender. "CIDADES PARA QUEM?" PIXO - Revista de Arquitetura, Cidade e Contemporaneidade 6, no. 22 (2022): 488–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.15210/pixo.v6i22.2590.

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A presente pesquisa busca proporcionar uma convergência relacional entre os 12 Critérios que determinam um bom espaço público, segundo a obra Cidade para Pessoas de Jan Gehl, no recorte do Município de Pejuçara/RS. Estão demonstrados quais critérios são utilizados ou negligenciados nas três praças municipais: Visconde de Rio Branco, Caetano Ferigolo e Savino Costa Beber, o que vai diretamente ao encontro do tema e objetivo do estudo. A pesquisa conta com os seguintes métodos: estudo bibliográfico a partir de livros e periódicos, entrevistas e conversas informais com a comunidade, e por fim houve a descrição de tudo que foi analisado e observado no ambiente. Os resultados apontam que a Administração Municipal realiza a manutenção dos ambientes, porém ainda necessita de melhorias. Por fim, há apontamentos de sugestões de aprimoramento para o bem-estar e qualidade de vida da população na forma de novos layouts.
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Steger, Antonia. "Aneinander-Vorbeigehen – Eine Interaktionsanalyse flüchtiger urbaner Begegnungen." Zeitschrift für germanistische Linguistik 47, no. 2 (2019): 313–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2019-0014.

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Abstract Public space can be understood as a place where strangers encounter each other in certain ways. This has been the common conceptual understanding of the public sphere in sociology and urban studies since Georg Simmel (cf. works by Jane Jacobs, William H. Whyte, Hans Paul Bahrdt, Jan Gehl, Richard Sennett, and many more). However, this understanding of public space often centers around unclear notions of how these encounters are interactively structured. So far, research on this topic has mainly addressed what Goffman termed focused interactions, such as talks between strangers in public. His notion of unfocused interactions, for fleeting encounters, has yet to receive adequate academic attention. Thus, the aim of this article is to engage in an in-depth empirical study of fleeting encounters in public places by drawing on three examples of people passing each other along city streets. Based on video recordings, the multimodal interaction analysis shows that when people pass each other they engage in interactional processes expressed through bodily dimensions, which carry specific social implications. Gaze, along with other visually accessible bodily behaviors, is the most important interactive resource people use to make themselves accountable for passing strangers without making contact. The analysis suggests that through passing each other, strangers generate specific kinds of interactive relations that are typical within the public sphere. Fleeting encounters thus prove to be highly structured, interactively achieved processes through which strangers establish their situated relations in a way that allows them to remain as separate interactional units.
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Baunkilde, Mikkel, Lars Bertelsen, and Kristine Samson. "Sensitiv urbanitet - Fra arkitektonisk planlægning til foldningernes by." Periskop – Forum for kunsthistorisk debat, no. 16 (December 5, 2017): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/periskop.v14i16.97891.

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I de seneste år er begreber som det flydende og det processuelle blevet inddraget i byens teoretisering og design. Inden for bysociologien skriver forskeren John Pløger, at byen er som et rum, der formes af intersubjektivitet, latente kræfter, processer og praksisser. Pløger peger på, at arkitekturens virkningsmåder er “affektive, kropslige og kognitive”. Byen, som også er en fysisk og kvantificerbar størrelse, bliver intensiveret, når mennesker oplever og sanser arkitekturen.Det er derfor ikke længere nok at forstå byens rum og bygninger i relation til enmålbar menneskelig skala, som eksempelvis arkitekten Jan Gehl har argumenteretfor. Vi må også være bevidste om, at byens rum og arkitektur stimulererdet sensitive ved at bringe brugeren i en særlig stemning. I denne forstand erarkitekturen orienteret mod at skabe atmosfærer og artikulere den æstetiske ogindividbundne sansning.I denne artikel ønsker vi at vise, hvordan orienteringen imod det æstetiske,sanselige og processuelle karakteriserer vores tids byudvikling. Vi operererderfor med en kvalitativ forståelse af rummet, hvor det enkelte arkitektoniskeværk indgår i utallige relationer til sine omgivelser. Inspireret af urbanistenPhilippe Boudon er udgangspunktet, at “every building is perceived in relation tothe presence of its neighbours”.
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Padilla-Etienne, Patricia Elizabeth. "El espacio público como complemento de las infraestructuras urbanas. Aproximaciones para una intervención con perspectiva de género." Quivera Revista de Estudios Territoriales 24, no. 2 (2022): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36677/qret.v24i2.19429.

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Las infraestructuras urbanas son elementos esenciales para el funcionamiento de las ciudades. Estas redes horizontales permiten que los asentamientos humanos sean territorios competitivos y sostenibles. Sin embargo, no existe un modelo de cuidad basado en las infraestructuras que permita una planeación urbana integral y un ordenamiento territorial congruente con el espacio público. La línea 3 del Tren Eléctrico Urbano de Guadalajara, obra reciente que forma parte de un plan maestro de movilidad para la ciudad, brinda traslados seguros y eficientes a miles de personas al día. Sin embargo, al salir de las estaciones los espacios públicos carecen de diseño urbano, disminuyendo la experiencia del usuario. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la función de los espacios públicos aledaños a la estación Plaza Patria, generando una transición imperceptible hacia lugares de transbordo, descanso, esparcimiento y convivencia, donde el arte, la cultura y la naturaleza se fusionen con la imagen urbana, permitiendo a la población femenina, a partir de un diseño participativo, apropiarse del espacio de manera segura. La metodología utilizada parte de los seis pasos para transformar el espacio público de Jan Gehl, lo que permitirá proponer proyectos integrales centrados en las personas. Los resultados hasta el momento son conceptuales, partiendo de la recolección de datos, del sustento teórico-metodológico y del trabajo de campo.
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22

Høghøj, Mikkel. "Annie Matan and Peter Newman, People Cities: The Life and Legacy of Jan Gehl. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2017. 192pp. £30.00 hbk. £22.83 Kindle edition." Urban History 46, no. 3 (2019): 563–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926819000476.

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23

Lutt, Frederick E. "How to study public life, by Jan Gehl and Birgitte Svarre; Public space and the challenges of urban transformation in Europe, edited by Ali Madanipour, Sabine Knierbein, and Aglaee Degros." Journal of Urban Affairs 39, no. 1 (2017): 135–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12219.

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24

Woźnicka, Urszula. "Progress in the development of the semi-empirical calibration of neutron probes based on Monte Carlo modeling." Geology, Geophysics and Environment 46, no. 3 (2021): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/geol.2020.46.3.251.

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The method of the semi-empirical calibration of a neutron well logging probe was developed by Jan Andrzej Czubek on the concept of the general neutron parameter (GNP) and tested positively at the neutron calibration station in Zielona Góra, Poland. The neutron probe responses in a wide range of neutron parameters (and thus lithology, porosity and saturation) were also computed using the Monte Carlo method. The obtained simulation results made it possible to determine the calibration curves using the Czubek concept in a wider range than by means of the original method. The very good compatibility of both methods confirms the applicability of the GNP as well as the Monte Carlo numerical experiments, which allow for a significant extension of the semi-empirical calibration in complex well geometries taking into account e.g., casing or invaded zones.
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25

Schulz-Stübner, Sebastian. "Händedesinfektion: Warum kompliziert, wenn es auch einfach geht?" kma - Klinik Management aktuell 24, no. 05 (2019): 60–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1691989.

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Heutzutage werden oftmals berührungsfreie, elektrisch betriebene Händedesinfektionsmittelspender anstelle von mechanischen Geräten eingesetzt. Doch sind sie im Alltag wirklich besser? Dieser Frage ging ein Schweizer Team um Jan Roth nach.
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Mehrholz, Jan. "Parametrisch oder nichtparametrisch, das ist die Frage!" physiopraxis 6, no. 07/08 (2008): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1308344.

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In der Rubrik Wissenschaft erklärt geht es weiter um Begriffe aus der Statistik. Um etwas beweisen zu können, muss man zunächst das Gegenteil ablehnen. Wie man dies macht, beschreibt Jan Mehrholz in diesem Artikel.
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Siebert, Jan P., Mikkel Juelsholt, Damian Günzing, Heiko Wende, Katharina Ollefs, and Christina S. Birkel. "Correction: Towards a mechanistic understanding of the sol–gel syntheses of ternary carbides." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 9, no. 7 (2022): 1575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2qi90018a.

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Pazera, Pawel. "Editorial." Informationen aus Orthodontie & Kieferorthopädie 50, no. 03 (2018): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0648-7951.

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Liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen,Ich freue mich, Ihnen in der Herbstausgabe der IOK abwechslungsreiche Artikel aus der Kieferorthopädie mit nationalen und internationalen Autoren vorstellen zu dürfen:Im ersten Beitrag berichtet Jan Danz über primäre kongenitale Retention von Zähnen und die Folgen für die kieferorthopädische Therapie. Er geht dabei auf die molekularen Grundlagen der Expression der PTH1-Rezeptor-Mutation mit autosomal dominanter Vererbung ein.
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Menke, Karl-Heinz. "Joseph Ratzingers Antwort auf die religionsgeschichtliche Relativierung des Christentums." Roczniki Teologiczne 66, no. 2 (2019): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rt.2019.66.2-3.

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Odpowiedź Josepha Ratzingera na religijno-historyczną relatywizację chrześcijaństwa
 Joseph Ratzinger – autor dokumentu „Dominus Iesus”, opublikowanego przez papieża Jana Pawła II na przełomie tysiącleci, sprzeciwia się relatywizacji twierdzeń prawdy chrześcijańskiej, ponieważ jest ona tworzona z perspektywy religii porównawczej. Rozróżnia on między religią ascendentną, wytworzoną (zwaną także „azjatycką” lub „związaną z mistycyzmem”) a descendentną, objawioną religią (zwaną również „monoteistyczną”). Pierwszy model jest zdeterminowany relatywizacją wszelkich wypowiedzi dogmatycznych na rzecz prawdy transcendentnej, którą każdy może interpretować na swój sposób. Natomiast drugi model wychodzi od Boga, a nie od człowieka. Jest on − czy to w formie judaizmu, chrześcijaństwa czy islamu − monoteistyczny. Opiera się bowiem na personalnym objawieniu się jedynego Stwórcy w skończoności przestrzeni i czasu. Judaizm utożsamia jedyną prawdę o Bogu z historią doświadczoną i zapamiętaną przez lud Izraela; islam utożsamia jedyną prawdę o Bogu z księgą Koranu, zaś chrześcijaństwo z osobą Jezusa Chrystusa. Według Josepha Ratzingera to ogromna różnica, czy daną osobę czy księgę uważa się za samoobjawienie się Absolutu, tj. Boga. Dzieje się tak, ponieważ osoba nie jest obiektem. Jedyną logiką, która może sprostać osobie, jest dia-logika, tj. komunikacja wewnętrzna czy też interakcja. Chrześcijaństwo, które pozostaje wierne swojemu pochodzeniu i swojej prawdziwej naturze, nigdy nie może − jak podkreśla emerytowany Papież − dystansując się od egiptologa z Heidelbergu, Jana Asmanna, używać jakiejkolwiek przemocy wobec dysydentów. Albowiem Bóg, o którym świadczą chrześcijanie, nie jest nikim innym niż człowiekiem, który o sobie powiedział: „Ten, który mnie widział, widział Ojca” (J 14,9). Nie jest On nikim innym jak Odkupicielem, który pozwala się ukrzyżować, zamiast narzucać coś przez przemoc, i obiektywnie jest najlepszy, jakiego można sobie życzyć.
 
 Joseph Ratzingers Antwort auf die religionsgeschichtliche Relativierung des Christentums
 Joseph Ratzinger – Verfasser des von Papst Johannes Paul II. zur Jahrtausendwende publizierten Lehrschreibens ‚Dominus Iesus‘ - wendet sich gegen die religionsvergleichende Relativierung des christlichen Wahrheitsanspruchs. Er unterscheidet zwischen einer aszendenten (auch ‚asiatisch‘ oder ‚mystizistisch‘ genannten) und einer deszendenten (auch ‚monotheistisch‘ oder ‚revelatorisch‘ genannten) Spielart der Religionen. Erstere ist bestimmt durch die Relativierung aller dogmatischen Aussagen zugunsten einer transzendenten Wahrheit, die jeder auf je eigene Weise interpretieren darf. Die deszendente Spielart hingegen geht von Gott, nicht vom Menschen aus. Sie ist – ob in Gestalt des Judentums, des Christentums oder des Islam − wesentlich monotheistisch. Denn sie beruht auf der personalen Selbstoffenbarung des einen und einzigen Schöpfers in der Endlichkeit von Raum und Zeit. Das Judentum identifiziert die eine und einzige Wahrheit Gottes mit der von Israel erfahrenen und erinnerten Geschichte; der Islam mit dem Buch ‚Koran‘; das Christentum mit der Person Jesu Christi. Es macht – so erklärt Joseph Ratzinger – einen gewaltigen Unterschied, ob eine Person oder ein Buch als Selbstoffenbarung des Absoluten bezeichnet wird. Denn eine Person ist kein Gegenstand. Die einzige Logik, die einer Person gerecht wird, ist die Dia-Logik bzw. Inter-Kommunikation bzw. Inter-Aktion. Ein Christentum, das seinem Ursprung und Wesen treu bleibt, kann, so betont der emeritierte Papst in Absetzung von dem Heidelberger Ägyptologen Jan Asmann, gar keine Gewalt gegenüber Andersdenkenden ausüben. Denn der Gott, den Christen verkünden, ist kein anderer als der Mensch, der von sich gesagt hat: „Wer mich sieht, sieht den Vater“; ist kein anderer als der Erlöser, der sich lieber kreuzigen lässt als irgendetwas, und mag es das objektiv Beste sein, mit Gewalt zu erzwingen.
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Baran, Dominika. "'Rainbow plague' or 'rainbow allies'?" Gender and Language 16, no. 3 (2022): 286–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/genl.21097.

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The anti-genderism register, which demonises the LGBTQ+ community as promoters of so-called 'gender ideology', has spread in recent decades across right wing populist discourses around the world. In Poland, it is an important resource in right wing constructions of national identity, which appeal to a historicised account of Poland as the guardian of European Christianity. However, there is also a counternarrative that envisions Poland as a progressive member of the European Union with secular politics and respect for diversity in all its forms. In this context, the Polish lexeme tecza 'rainbow' is a floating signifier whose meanings are struggled over by opposing discourses of LGBTQ+ rights and their place in Polish public life. Drawing on an analysis of 521 texts from five media outlet types on the right and left wing sides of the political spectrum, this article examines the contestation of tecza as a site where the very meaning of present-day Polishness is discursively negotiated.Rejestr antygenderyzmu, ktory demonizuje spolecznosc LGBTQ+ jako promotorow tak zwanej ,,ideologii gender", w ostatnich dziesiecioleciach rozprzestrzenil sie w prawicowych dyskursach populistycznych na calym swiecie. W Polsce stanowi on istotny element prawicowych konstrukcji tozsamosci narodowej, odwolujacych sie do uhistorycznionego ujecia Polski, postrzeganej jako straznika europejskiego chrzescijanstwa. Istnieje jednak kontrnarracja, prezentujaca Polske jako postepowego czlonka Unii Europejskiej, jako kraj zdolny do prowadzenia swieckiej polityki oraz poszanowania dla roznorodnosci we wszelkich jej przejawach. W takim kontekscie polski leksem ,,tecza" jest ,,plynna znaczaca", o ktorej rozumienie walcza przeciwstawne dyskursy praw LGBTQ+ i ich miejsca w polskim zyciu publicznym. W oparciu o analize 521 tekstow z pieciu rodzajow mediow, zarowno z prawicowej jak i lewicowej strony spektrum politycznego, niniejszy artykul analizuje kontestacje sensu ,,teczy" jako miejsca, w ktorym dyskursywnie negocjowane jest samo znaczenie wspolczesnej polskosci.
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Peranginangin, Rosmawaty, Nurul Haq, Widodo Farid Ma'ruf, and Arham Rusli. "Ekstraksi Gelatin dari Kulit Ikan Patin (Pangasius Hypopthalmus) secara Proses Asam." Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan 10, no. 3 (2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jpbkp.v10i3.376.

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Ekstraksi gelatin dari kulit ikan patin (Pangasius hypopthalmus) telah dilakukan dengan perlakuan perendaman kulit dalam asam sitrat dalam berbagai pH yaitu.‑ 2, 3 dan 4 dengan variasi lama perendaman 12, 24 dan 36 jam. Kulit kemudian dicuci sampai pH netral dan gelatin diekstraksi pada suhu 70 dan 90 derajad Celcius selama 2 jam. Filtrat dikeringkan dalam oven suhu 50 derajad Celcius selama 36‑48 jam sehingga diperoleh lembaran gelatin. Penentuan perlakuan yang terbaik untuk ekstraksi gelatin dipilih berdasarkan rendemen, viskositas, kekuatan gel dan pH gelatin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan perendaman dalam asam sitrat pH 3 selama 12 jam, suhu ekstraksi 90 derajad Celcius selama 2 jam memberikan hasil yang terbaik yang diperlihatkan dari rendemen 9,36%, viskositas 10,1 cps, kekuatan gel 202,55 bloom dan pH 6,7.
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Nur'aeni, Dyanti, Eko Prabowo Hadisantoso, and Dede Suhendar. "Adsorpsi Ion Logam Mn2+ dan Cu2+ Oleh Silika Gel dari Abu Ampas Tebu." al-Kimiya 4, no. 2 (2019): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/ak.v4i2.5087.

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Silika gel telah diekstaksi dari abu ampas tebu menggunakan metode sol-gel kemudian digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk menurunkan kadar ion logam Mn2+ dan Cu2+. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pengabuan ampas tebu pada suhu 700 selama 6 jam dilanjutkan pembuatan larutan natrium silikat dengan melarutkan abu ampas tebu dalam larutan NaOH disertai pengadukan dan pemanasan selama 1 jam. Natrium silikat yang terbentuk ditambahkan larutan HCl hingga larutan mencapai pH 7. Gel akan terbentuk setelah diperam selama 18 jam, kemudian disaring dan dicuci dengan akua dm, serta dikeringkan dalam oven dan digerus. Proses adsorpsi dilakukan dengan memasukkan silika gel ke dalam larutan ion logam Mn2+ dan Cu2+, kemudian didiamkan selama beberapa waktu. Setelah adsorpsi, larutan sisa dianalisis menggunakan AAS untuk mengetahui jumlah ion logam Mn2+ dan Cu2+ yang teradsorpsi dalam silika gel. Karakterisasi terhadap silika gel hasil ektraksi menunjukan terdapat gugus silanol, siloksi dan siloksan pada pengujian menggunakan FTIR dan karakterisasi menggunkan XRD menunjukkan silika gel berfasa amorf. Hasil adsorpsi ketiga variasi menunjukan adanya kompetisi antara ion logam Mn2+ dan Cu2+ dalam memperebutkan sisi aktif dari silika gel, dimana ion logam Cu2+ lebih dulu teradsorpsi dari pada ion logam Mn2+. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa silika gel dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk menurunkan kadar ion logam Mn2+ dan Cu2+ dalam limbah cair.
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Damopolii, Niki Sirwanto, Bertie Kaseger, Lena Damongilala, et al. "Analisis Kimia dan Uji Organoletik Selai Rumput Laut Euchema Spinosum." Media Teknologi Hasil Perikanan 9, no. 3 (2021): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/mthp.9.3.2021.29920.

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Eucheuma spinosum as a quality processed product that has added value. Jam is an ingredient with a gel or semi-gel consistency that is made from the pulp of the fruit. The gel or semi-gel consistency in jam is obtained from the interaction of pectin compounds derived from fruit or pectin added from outside, sucrose and acid sugars. This study aims to analyze the chemistry, including water content test, ash content test, and crude fiber test and organoleptic test for seaweed Eucheuma spinosum jam. In chemical analysis tests and organoleptic tests of Eucheuma spinosum seaweed jam, the water content in Euchema spinosum seaweed jam obtained the lowest results (A2B3), which was 29.75% while the largest (A2B2) was 34.50%, the ash content In Euchema spinosum seaweed jam got the greatest result from treatment (A1B3) by 1%, the crude fiber content in Euchema spinosum seaweed jam got the greatest result in treatment (A2B2 and A2B3) which was 0.015% and the lowest (A1B2) which was equal to 0 , 05%, the Organoleptic Test for the highest appearance test was found in A1B1 with a mean value of 8.69, A2B2 taste with a mean value of 8.44, A1B3 aroma with a mean value of 8.00 and treatment of 150 gr sugar - 0 ml, and A1B1 texture with a value Average 8.56. Eucheuma spinosum sebagai suatu produk olahan yang bermutu dan memiliki nilai tambah. Selai adalah bahan dengan konsistensi gel atau semi gel yang dibuat dari bubur buah. Konsistensi gel atau semi gel pada selai diperoleh dari interaksi senyawa pektin yang berasal dari buah atau pektin yang ditambahkan dari luar, gula sukrosa dan asam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kimia yang diantaranya uji kadar air, uji kadar abu, dan uji serat kasar dan uji organoleptik selai rumput laut eucheuma spinosum. Dalam pegujian analisis kimia dan uji organoleptik selai rumput laut eucheuma spinosum di dapatkan hasil kadar air pada selai rumput laut Euchema spinosum mendapatkan hasil terendah (A2B3) yaitu sebesar 29,75% sedangkan yang terbesar (A2B2) yaitu sebesar 34,50%, Kadar abu pada selai rumput laut Euchema spinosum mendapatkan hasil terbesar dari perlakuan (A1B3) sebesar 1%, Kadar serat kasar pada selai rumput laut Euchema spinosum mendapatkan hasil paling besar pada perlakuan (A2B2 dan A2B3) yaitu sebesar 0,015% dan terendah (A1B2) yaitu sebesar 0,05%, Uji Organoleptik untuk uji kenampakan tertinggi terdapat pada A1B1 dengan nilai rerata sebesar 8,69 , rasa A2B2 dengan nilai rerata 8,44 , aroma A1B3 dengan nilai rerata 8.00 dan perlakuan 150 gr gula – 0 ml, dan tekstur A1B1 dengan nilai rerata 8.56.
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Harlis, Wa Ode, Nasaruddin Nasaruddin, Nurhasana Nurhasana, and Resman Resman. "Efektivitas Gel Tepung Cacing Tanah (<i>Lumbricus rubellus</i> Hoff.) Sebagai Penyembuh Luka Sayat Pada Mencit (<i>Mus muscullus</i> L.)." BioWallacea : Jurnal Penelitian Biologi (Journal of Biological Research) 9, no. 2 (2022): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/biowallacea.v9i2.25504.

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Cuts are wounds that occur due to being cut by a sharp instrument. Earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus Hoff.) contain antibacterial compounds, arachidonic acid and proteins that help the growth of skin tissue. The formulation in the form of a gel is easier to use and has soothing, moisturizing properties, and easily penetrates the skin so that it provides a healing effect. This study aims to determine the effect of earthworm flour gel on wound healing in mice (Mus muscullus L.). This type of research is an experimental study with a completely randomized design (CRD). A total of 20 male mice were divided into 5 groups, namely positive control (Kalmicetine 10%), negative control (without treatment), K1 (earthworm flour gel concentration 3%), K2 (earthworm flour gel concentration 4%) and K3 (earthworm flour gel with a concentration of 4%). earthworm flour 5% concentration). The results showed that the average length of time for wound healing for each group was 11.75 days or 282 hours for a 3% concentration, 11.25 days or 270 hours for a 4% concentration, and 11 days or 264 hours for a 5% concentration, compared to positive control (Kalmicetine). 10%) 12 days or 288 hours and negative control for 14 days or 336 hours. The results of the study concluded that earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus Hoff.) flour gel was effective in accelerating the healing of cuts.Keywords: Cuts, Lumbricus rubellus, gelAbstrakLuka sayat adalah luka yang terjadi karena teriris oleh instrument yang tajam. Cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubellus Hoff.) mengandung senyawa antibakteri, asam arakidonat dan protein yang membantu pertumbuhan jaringan kulit. Formulasi dalam bentuk gel lebih mudah digunakan dan mempunyai sifat yang menyejukan, melembabkan, dan mudah berpenetrasi pada kulit sehingga memberikan efek penyembuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gel tepung cacing tanah terhadap penyembuhan luka sayat pada mencit (Mus muscullus L.). Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Sebanyak 20 ekor mencit jantan dibagi dalam 5 kelompok yaitu kontrol positif (Kalmicetine 10%), kontrol negatif (tanpa perlakuan), K1 (gel tepung cacing tanah konsentrasi 3%), K2 (gel tepung cacing tanah konsentrasi 4%) dan K3 (gel tepung cacing tanah konsentrasi 5%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata lama waktu penyembuhan luka setiap kelompok adalah 11,75 hari atau 282 jam untuk konsentrasi 3%, 11.25 hari atau 270 jam untuk konsentrasi 4%, dan 11 hari atau 264 jam untuk konsentrasi 5%, dibandingkan kontrol positif (Kalmicetine 10%) 12 hari atau 288 jam dan kontrol negatif selama 14 hari atau 336 jam. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa gel tepung cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubellus Hoff.) efektif dalam mempercepat penyembuhan luka sayat.Kata Kunci: Luka sayat, Lumbricus rubellus, gel
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Ferreira, Elaine Barros, Marcia A. Ciol, Christiane Inocêncio Vasques, et al. "Gel of chamomile vs. urea cream to prevent acute radiation dermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer: a randomized controlled trial." Journal of Advanced Nursing 72, no. 8 (2016): 1926–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jan.12955.

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Marcus, Jan, and Tim Krieger. "Rückkehr zum G9 am Gymnasium?" WiSt - Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium 48, no. 1 (2019): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/0340-1650-2019-1-40.

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Nahezu alle 16 Bundesländer hatten seit der Jahrtausendwende das achtjährige Gymnasium eingeführt. Durch einen strafferen Lehrplan wollte man damit junge Fachkräfte früher für den Arbeitsmarkt gewinnen. Doch dieses Vorhaben ging nur teilweise auf. Seit kurzem geht der Trend wieder in die andere Richtung. Niedersachen ist schon 2014 zum G9 zurückgekehrt. In Bayern ist zu diesem Schuljahr erstmals wieder ein G9-Jahrgang gestartet, wobei es künftig eine Überholspur kurz vor der Oberstufe geben soll. In den neuen Bundesländern ist das achtjährige Gymnasium dagegen seit jeher weit verbreitet. Die Ökonomen Jan Marcus und Tim Krieger sind unterschiedlicher Meinung, welche der beiden Gymnasiallösungen die richtige ist.
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Wimarsela, Sonia, Robert Junaidi, and Idha Silviyati. "Sintesis Silika Gel dari Abu Cangkang dan Serabut Kelapa Sawit Terimobilisasi Difenilkarbazon dengan Metode Sol-Gel." Jurnal Penelitian Inovatif 1, no. 2 (2021): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54082/jupin.24.

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Abu cangkang dan serabut kelapa sawit memiliki kadar silika tinggi yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku sintesis silika gel. Silika gel mempunyai situs aktif berupa gugus silanol (Si-OH) dan siloksan (Si-O-Si) di permukaan. Dengan adanya gugus –OH memberikan peluang untuk memodifikasi gugus tersebut menjadi gugus lain yang lebih aktif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menghasilkan silika gel dengan nilai daya serap uap air yang lebih tinggi dan berfungsi lebih optimum sebagai adsorben. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan yaitu persiapan bahan baku, sintesis silika gel dan modifikasi, dan analisis silika gel. Sintesis silika gel dilakukan dengan variasi konsentrasi H2SO4 1 - 5 M, waktu pematangan gel 12 dan 18 jam, dan massa difenilkarbazon 0,12 dan 0,18 g. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan kondisi optimal sintesis silika gel terimobilisasi difenilkarbazon dicapai pada konsentrasi H2SO4 1 M, waktu pematangan gel 18 jam, dan massa difenilkarbazon 0,12 g. Pada kondisi ini diperoleh keasaman permukaan 6,15 mmol/g, luas permukaan 16,6150 m2/g, kadar air 8,4%, dan daya serap 10,960 mg/g.
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Lamek, Marcin. "Miasta dla ludzi Jana Gehla – o społecznych konsekwencjach planowania przestrzennego." Dialogi Polityczne, no. 25 (October 14, 2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/dp.2018.015.

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Azizah, Sapta Nur, Rahmad Nuryanto, and Taslimah Taslimah. "Pengaruh Variasi pH Sol terhadap Karakteristik Produk pada Pembuatan Elektrolit Padat NaMn2−xCoxO4 dengan Metode Sol-Gel." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 18, no. 2 (2015): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.18.2.39-43.

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Penelitian tentang pengaruh variasi pH sol terhadap karakteristik elektrolit padat NaMn2−xCoxO4 telah dilakukan. Keuntungan penggunaan elektrolit padat adalah material ini tidak menyebabkan kebocoran elektrolit sebagaimana elektrolit cair yang digunakan pada baterai, sehingga dapat meningkatkan keselamatan baterai. Pembuatan elektrolit padat dilakukan dengan metode sol-gel, yaitu dengan mencampurkan larutan natrium asetat, mangan asetat, kobalt asetat dan polivinil alkohol (PVA), pengadukan larutan selama 1 jam, penambahan NH4OH 0,5 M untuk mengkondisikan pH sol mejadi 8,3; 9,3 dan 10,3. Lalu, sol diaduk kembali selama 2 jam dan selanjutnya diuapkan pada suhu 60°C selama 40 jam. Gel yang diperoleh dikeringkan pada suhu 175°C selama 12 jam dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 800°C selama 4 jam. Hasil yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi menggunakan difraktrometer sinar-X (XRD), mikroskop elektron (SEM-EDS) dan LCR meter. Disimpulkan bahwa senyawa komponen penyusun elektrolit padat terdiri dari NaMnO2, Co2O3 dan Co3O4. Variasi pH sol mempengaruhi konduktivitas listrik elektrolit padat, peningkatan pH meningkatkan nilai konduktivitas listrik. pH 9,3 merupakan pH optimum untuk menghasilkan produk, dengan nilai konduktivitas listrik tertinggi yaitu 373 × 10-8 Scm-1, dengan formula NaMn1,557Co0,443O4 dan ukuran aglomerat 1,591 μm.
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Rýdlová, Ladislava, Tereza Škorpilová, Gabriela Juhászová, and Aleš Rajchl. "Assessment of possibilities of strawberry jam reformulation." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 14 (July 28, 2020): 554–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1326.

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The prevalence of excessive weight gain, obesity, and associated diseases are permanently increasing. Therefore, the interest in food products with a composition suitable for people with the aforementioned health problems is also on the rise. The changes in food composition, nowadays often called reformulation, are mainly focused on reducing the amount of salt, sugar, or fat. Strawberry spreads with different sugar (10 – 40%) and strawberry (20 – 50%) content were prepared and the influence of strawberry jam composition on gel stiffness, colour, and sensory parameters was studied. This study aimed to determine the sensorial and technological limits (sugar and strawberry content) of strawberry jam reformulation. Carrageenan was chosen as a suitable gelling agent for the preparation of these reformulated strawberry products. strawberry spreads. The applicable concentration of carrageenan for the ideal stiffness of strawberry spreads was 2%. The results of the maximum compression force show a statistically significant increase of gel stiffness with increasing addition of strawberry puree, the effect of sugar content was also statistically significant (p = 0.05). This study showed that strawberry spreads with low strawberry and/or sugar content are sensorially acceptable.
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Hartati, Juli, Sitti Ahmiatri Saptari, and Arif Tjahjono. "Analysis Crystal Structure of La0.7Ba(1-xSrx)0.3MnO3 by Sol-Gel Method." Al-Fiziya: Journal of Materials Science, Geophysics, Instrumentation and Theoretical Physics 3, no. 1 (2020): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/fiziya.v3i1.15029.

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Abstrak.Penelitian tentang struktur kristal bahan La0.7(Ba1-xSrx)MnO3 menggunakan metode sol-gel telah berhasil dilakukan. Bahan-bahan dasar yang digunakan dicampur di atas hot plate diaduk sambil ditetesi ammonia solution sehingga mencapai pH 7, selanjutnya didiamkan sampai diperoleh bentuk gel. Gel dikeringkan pada suhu 120°C, selanjutnya dilakukan pra-kalsinasi dengan suhu 650°C selama 6 jam, dilanjutkan dengan kalsinasi pada suhu 1000°C selama 12 jam, dan kemudian disinter pada temperatur 1200°C selama 12 jam. Hasil refinement data XRD memberikan informasi bahwa struktur kristal La0.7(Ba1-xSrx)MnO3 adalah rombohedral dengan space grup R-3c. Penambahan substitusi ion Sr2+ mengakibatkan terjadinya penurunan intensitas dan pergeseran puncak ke arah sudut yang lebih besar. Hal ini disebabkan karena pengaruh jari-jari ion Sr2+ yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan jari-jari ion Ba2+ . Abstract.In this research, La0.7(Ba1-xSrx)0.3MnO3 compound (x = 0; 0.2; 0.3; and 0.5) by sol-gel method has been investigated. The compound used is mixed on a hot plate until reached a pH 7 when dropped ammonia solution, then let stand until turn into a gel. Dehydrated gel at 120°C, pra-calcination at 650°C for 6 hours, calcination t 1000°C for 12 hours, and sintering at 1200°C for 12 hours. The result of refinement XRD pattern shown that samples are single phase with rhombohedral crystal structure with R-3c space group. The intensity decrease and peak list shift to larger angle when Sr-substitution increased, it’s caused ionic radii of Sr2+ is smaller than Ba2+ .
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Gushchin, A. N., and M. N. Divakova. "Microclimate as the basis for creating a comfortable urban environment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1061, no. 1 (2022): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1061/1/012001.

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Abstract The article deals with the question of the extent to which the urban microclimate determines the state of comfort of the urban environment. To determine the comfort of the urban environment, the criterion of the Dutch urbanist Jan Gel is used. The article discusses the spatial and temporal scales of microclimatic phenomena and notes that the main characteristics of the microclimate are spatial and temporal variability. Specific examples demonstrate how microclimatic phenomena can affect the comfort of the urban environment. The article discusses the possibilities contained in regulatory documents for regulating the microclimate in urban conditions.
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43

Surya, Sara, and Rosiana Rizal. "Formulasi dan Uji Stabilitas Fisik Gel AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acid) Kombinasi BHA (Beta Hydroxy Acid) Sebagai Ekspolieting dalam Penanganan Melasma." Syntax Literate ; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia 6, no. 3 (2021): 1409. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v6i3.2303.

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Melasma adalah hiperpigmentasi simetris kelainan dengan etiopatogenesis multifaktor diduga akibat interaksi antara faktor genetik, lingkungan, dan juga fototipe kulit. Terapi yang sering digunakan dalam penangganan melasma salah satunya yaitu chemical peeling. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acid) Kombinasi BHA (Beta Hydroxy Acid) dalam sediaan gel dan untuk mengetahui stabilitas gel selama penyimpanan pada suhu 40±2o C. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. AHA yang digunakan Glycolic Acid 10% dan BHA yang digunakan adalah Salicylic Acid 1% diformulasi menjadi sediaan gel dengan basis karbopol. Sediaan gel dilakukan uji stabilitas selama 21 hari dan dilakukan stabilitas dipercepat metode cycling test dengan menyimpan sediaan gel pada suhu 5±2 oC selama 24 jam, lalu dipindahkan ke dalam oven yang bersuhu 40±2oC selama 24 jam. Perlakuan ini terhitung 1 siklus dan dilakukan sebanyak 6 siklus (12 hari). Selanjutnya dilakukan pengamatan organoleptik, homogenitas, daya sebar, daya lekat, daya tercuci dan viskositas. Hasil uji stabilitas menunjukkan sediaan gel kombinasi AHA dengan BHA baik secara fisik, homogenitas, daya sebar, daya tercuci, viskositas dan pH selama 21 hari penyimpanan, tetapi tidak stabil pada pengujian cycling test karena terjadi perubahan stabilitas sediaan pada parameter viskositas dan pH. Pengaruh kombinasi konsentrasi pada sediaan gel terhadap stabilitas sediaan gel mempengaruhi pH dan viskositas.
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Haq, Afnan Bin, Zafar Iqbal Shaikh, Sadia Malik, Amir Ashraf, Syed Sajid Ali Shah, and Ayesha Anwar. "Comparison of the Efficacy of Tazarotene 0.1% Cream Versus Clindamycin 1% Gel in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 72, no. 5 (2022): 1682–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v72i5.6764.

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Objective: To compare the efficacy of Tazarotene 0.1% cream versus Clindamycin 1% gel in treating acne vulgaris.&#x0D; Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of the Study: Dermatology Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Jul 2018.&#x0D; Methodology: One hundred and fifty-four patients of both genders who had moderate acne vulgaris for more than four weeks were divided into two Groups. In both Groups, patients applied one-fourth fingertip unit of Tazarotene 0.1% cream in the evening once daily and Clindamycin 1% gel over the affected area in the morning once daily for 12 weeks. The Global Acne Grading System Score (GAGS score) was used for severity and efficacy assessment.&#x0D; Results: The majority of the patients belonged to 13-25 years of age, i.e., 61(79.2%) and 54(70.1%) in Group-A (Tazarotene 0.1% cream) and Group-B (Clindamycin 1% gel), respectively. The efficacy of topical Tazarotene cream (0.1%) was better than topical Clindamycin 1% gel, and the difference was statistically significant with a p-value less than 0.01. GAGS score &lt;10 was observed in 54.5% and 33.8% of patients in Group-A and Group-B, respectively.&#x0D; Conclusion: Topical Tazarotene cream (0.1%) was more effective than topical Clindamycin 1% gel in treating acne vulgaris.
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Hartmann, Christian. "„Find it“ – Paradigmenwechsel in der Diagnostik." osteopathisch Zeitschrift für Osteopathen 01, no. 01 (2017): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-105751.

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ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit dem ersten Aspekt des von Jane Stark im vorangegangen Artikel erwähnten Zitats „Find it, fix it and leave it alone“. Es geht also um Stills diagnostisches Vorgehen und seine Bedeutung für die Medizingeschichte.
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Nurhaeni, Nurhaeni, Desi Hardianti, Jaya Hardi, Diharnaini Diharnaini, and Khairunnisa Khairunnisa. "RECOVERY REMAZOL YELLOW MENGGUNAKAN GEL KITOSAN TERTAUT SILANG GLUTARALDEHID." KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia 4, no. 3 (2019): 254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2018.v4.i3.11851.

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Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang recovery Remazol yellow menggunakan gel kitosan tertaut silang glutaraldehid. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan persentasi recovery Remazol yellow menggunakan kitosan tertaut silang glutaraldehid terhadap pengaruh pH, waktu kontak dan konsentrasi larutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), pada variasi pH 2, 3, 4, 5 dan 6; variasi waktu kontak 6, 12, 18, 24 dan 30 jam; serta variasi konsentrasi larutan zat warna Remazol yellow 10, 15, 20, 25 dan 30 ppm, dan setiap perlakuan dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali pengulangan. Persentasi recovery terbaik diperoleh pada pH 6, waktu kontak 24 jam dan konsentrasi Remazol yellow 30 ppm dengan persentasi recovery masing-masing 77,39%, 79,68% dan 86,46%. Kata kunci : kitosan, glutaraldehid, recover, remazol yellow, tertaut silang
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Rahmayuni zein, Ulfa, Lia Anggresani, and Yulianis. "Pengaruh waktu sintering terhadap hidroksiapatit berpori tulang ikan tenggiri dengan proses sol-gel." CHEMPUBLISH JOURNAL 5, no. 1 (2020): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/chp.v5i1.8686.

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Hidroksiapatit berpori cocok untuk merekontruksi tulang, karena adanya pori dapat menjadi media pembentukan jaringan sel tulang yang tumbuh. Tulang ikan tenggiri memiliki sumber kalsium yang besar sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pembuatan hidroksiapatit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat mekanik yang baik dari hidroksiapatit berpori dari tulang ikan tenggiri pada variasi waktu sintering 4, 5 dan 6 jam dengan proses sol-gel. Hasil analisa XRF didapatkan kalsium oksida(CaO) sebanyak 50.814%. Hidroksiapatit dibuat dengan mencampurkan CaO, HCl, H3PO4 dan etanol, yang difurnace pada suhu 600oC. Hasil analisa XRD didapatkan senyawa Hydroxyapatite yang sesuai dengan standard ICSD No 01-075-3727. Hidroksiapatit dicampurkan dengan larutan kitosan pada variasi waktu sintering untuk menghasilkan hidroksiapatit berpori. Kemudian dianalisa SEM, PSA dan Hardness Tester. Analisia SEM pada semua variasi waktu sintering 4,5 dan 6 jam didapatkan morfologi partikel tidak seragam. Analisa PSA pada variasi waktu sintering 4, 5 dan 6 jam didapatkan ukuran partikel yaitu 1,051µm, 0,798µm, 1,069µm. Nilai Hardness Tester didapatkan pada variasi waktu sintering 4, 5 dan 6 yaitu 29,9 Newton(N), 49,5N dan 21,4N. Disimpulkan variasi waktu tahan sintering pada waktu 5 jam memiliki sifat mekanik yang baik terhadap pembuatan hidroksiapatit berpori.
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48

Thilmany, Jean. "Printed Life." Mechanical Engineering 134, no. 01 (2012): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2012-jan-5.

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This article discusses the advancement in bioprinting technology that would enable three-dimensional printing of living organs for transplant. Today, artificial or replacement tissue is commonly grown on collagen scaffolds that contain biological starter cells. The goal here is the growing of a biocompatible piece of tissue to repair or replace a patient’s own damaged body part, such as bone, cartilage, blood vessels, or skin. In future, bioprinting technology will allow making living organs for transplant. The method is much the same as additive manufacturing, in which a printer deposits a material, layer by layer, until a three-dimensional object is made. For bioprinting, the material used is likely to be living cells taken directly from the patient’s body and infused into an ink or gel to keep them alive. After printing, the material is incubated in a cell culture that mimics human body conditions until it fuses or becomes otherwise usable for implant.
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49

Rahmawati, Yuniarti Dewi, and Muhamad Hasdar. "Kualitas Viskositas Dan Kekuatan Gel Gelatin Kulit Domba Yang Dihidrolisis Mengunakan Larutan NaOH." AGRISAINTIFIKA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian 1, no. 1 (2017): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32585/ags.v1i1.41.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas viskoitas dan kekuatan gel gelatin kulit domba yang hidrolisis menggunakan larutan NaOH. Penelitian ini mengunakan kosentasi larutan NaOH (1%, 2%, 3%, 4% dan 5% b/v) dengan lama perendaman 3 jam. Desain penelitian mengunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola searah. Kualitas viskositas terbaik dengan nilai 2,35 ± 0,03 cP dan kualitas kekuatan gel terbaik dengan nilai 123,26 ± 0,63 bloom. Kualitas viskositas dan kekuatan gel pada penelitian ini masih memenuhi syarat GMIA. Kata kunci : gelatin, kekuatan gel, kulit domba, NaOH, viskositas
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50

Wibowo, Adi, Soenarjo Soenarjo, and Hari Hendriarto Satoto. "Perbandingan Penggunaan Triamcinolone Acetonide Dan Gel Larut Air Pada Pipa Endotrakea Terhadap Angka Kejadian Nyeri Tenggorok." JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia) 6, no. 3 (2014): 170–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jai.v6i3.9122.

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Latar Belakang : Salah satu komplikasi pemasangan pipa endotrakea adalah nyeri tenggorok paska operasi akibat kerusakan mukosa trakea. Pemberian lubrikasi pada pipa endotrakea diharapkan mampu mengurangi angka kejadian nyeri tenggorok. Triamcinolon acetonide gel mengandung kortikosteroid disamping dapat sebagai agen lubrikasi juga mempunyai efek anti inflamasi.Tujuan : Membandingkan efek lubrikasi pipa endotrakea dengan triamcinolone acetonide gel dan gel larut air terhadap angka kejadian nyeri tenggorok paska intubasi.Metode : 50 pasien yang menjalani operasi elektif dengan anestesi umum di RSUP Dr.Kariadi Semarang dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi dibagi secara acak menjadi 2 kelompok. Induksi menggunakan propofol 2 mg/kgBB iv, rokuronium 0,6 mg/kgBB iv dan fentanyl 1 mcg/kgBB iv kemudian dilakukan intubasi dilakukan intubasi dengan pipa endotrakea high volume low pressure non kinking dengan ukuran 7.0 untuk perempuan dan 7,5 untuk laki-laki. Kelompok 1 (K1) diberikan triamcinolone acetonide in orabase 0,1 % pada pipa endotrakea, kelompok 2 (K2) diberikan gel larut air pada pipa endotrakea (K-Y jelly) masing-masing diberikan 0,5 cc dilubrikasikan pada pipa endotrakea sepanjang 15 cm dari ujung distal. Selanjutnya cuff dikembangkan dengan udara dalam spuit 20 cc sampai tidak terdengar kebocoran udara napas. Rumatan anestesi dengan isofluran 1-1,5 % dalam O2 dan N2O 50% dan pelumpuh otot rokuronium intermiten. Analgetik diberikan ketorolak 30 mg dan tramadol 2 mg/kgBB iv. Selesai operasi, ekstubasi pipa endotrakea dilakukan saat pasien sudah sadar. Dilakukan observasi nyeri tenggorok 1 jam, 6 jam dan 24 jam setelah ekstubasi.Hasil : Angka kejadian nyeri tenggorok paska intubasi endotrakea pada kelompok 1 lebih kecil dibandingkan pada kelompok 2, tetapi tidak bermakna secara statistik (p&gt;0,05).Kesimpulan : Pemberian lubrikasi pipa endotrakea dengan triamcinolone acetonide gel dapat mengurangi angka kejadian nyeri tenggorok
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