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Journal articles on the topic 'Japanese garden'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 April 2022

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1

Golosova, Elena. "JAPANESE GARDEN AS ECOLOGY AND MYSTICISM SYNTHESIS." LIFE OF THE EARTH 42, no. 4 (November 25, 2020): 443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1773.0514-7468.2020_42_4/443-450.

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The article examines a number of causal relationships, historical events and traditional beliefs directly influenced on the Japanese garden structure and layout. The data on the adaptation of the Chinese theory of Feng Shui by the Japanese ethnic group are presented. Based on the survey of 27 landscape architecture objects in Kyoto, created over 1000 years from the Heian period to the end of the Meiji period, the author concludes that one of the most important Japanise garden planning concept is the mountain and water polarity on the North-South axis in gardens.

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Mulyadi, Budi. "Perbandingan Taman Jepang Dan Taman Jawa." KIRYOKU 3, no. 1 (June 14, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/kiryoku.v3i1.8-16.

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(Title: Comparison Of Japanese Garden And Java Garden). The purpose of this paper is to find out the similarities and differences between Japanese garden and Java garden This research is research model that use literary review research model to collect the data. The paper shows that there are the similarities and differences between Japanese garden and Java garden. Seen from the concept Japanese Gardens do not recognize straight or symmetrical lines. Japanese gardens are deliberately designed asymmetric so that none of the elements become dominant while the Java garden concept is more concerned with beauty by planting many types of flowers that contain elements of philosophy seen from its elements, Japanese garden has 7 elements, namely water, stone, plants, water containers, bridges, sand and lanterns while the Java park has water elements, plants, buildings and organisms

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Goto, Seiko, Yuki Morota, Congcong Liu, Minkai Sun, Bertram Emil Shi, and Karl Herrup. "The Mechanism of Relaxation by Viewing a Japanese Garden: A Pilot Study." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 13, no. 4 (June 5, 2020): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586720924729.

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Aim: To explore people’s visual attention and psychological and physiological responses to viewing a Japanese garden (an asymmetrically designed garden) and an herb garden (a symmetrically designed garden). Background: There are few studies of eye movements when observing different style gardens, and how they are connected to the interpretation of the space, and physiological and psychological responses. Method: Thirty subjects were recruited and their physiological and psychological responses to viewing the garden types were assessed using a heart-rate monitor and questionnaire. Eye movements while viewing projected slide images of the gardens were tracking using an eye-tracking monitor. Results: A significant decrease in heart rate was observed when subjects were viewing the Japanese garden as opposed to viewing the herb garden. Mood was significantly improved in both gardens, but eye-gaze patterns differed. The Japanese garden elicited far more comments about expectations for the coming season; unlike the herb garden, it also induced memories of viewing other landscapes. Conclusion: The physiological and psychological responses to viewing gardens differs based on the quality of landscape design and the prior experience of viewers.

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Han, Hae-Young, Eui-Je Lim, and Jae-Hyun Rho. "Formative Characteristics of the Soudang (素宇堂) Historic House <italic>Byeoldang</italic> Garden in Uiseong." Journal of People, Plants, and Environment 25, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 49–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2022.25.1.49.

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Background and objective This study aimed to estimate the creation period and creators of Soudang historic house Byeoldang (Annexe) Garden (素宇堂古宅別堂庭園, Unification as ‘SB Garden’ from now on) located in Uiseong-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do through a literature research and field survey, and establish the construction style and value of the garden through research and analysis of its spatial and visual characteristics and garden design. The findings are as follows. Methods The research method was a combination of literature study, field survey, and comparative review. The architectural history of SB Garden were analyzed through a literature survey, and the spatial configuration of Soudanggotaek and the visual and planting design characteristics of SB Garden were derived through field survey. Also the form and style of SB Garden were identified through comparative studies between Japanese garden style cases, and Japanese gardens created in Korea during the late Joseon and Japanese colonial period. Results It is estimated that SB Garden was built between 1890 and 1920, during the late Joseon Dynasty and the early days of Japanese colonial rule, by Lee Jang-seop (1854–1907) and Lee Hong (1887–1972). Comprehensively considering the form of its small hills, the shape of the pond and the introduction of yarimizu, the presentation of oddly-shaped stones and stone structures (stone settings), the introduction of stone bridges and stone lanterns, the strolling route and stepping stones, and the tree species introduced and their planting methods, the hills of SB Garden are different in form and technique from seokgasan created in Korean traditional gardens. Through the hills, the intention of making a garden is detected, with the motif of “garden of cranes and turtles.” Conclusion The foundation from which SB Garden can be considered a Korean traditional garden is very weak, and this garden is evaluated as a modern garden completed by introducing a Japanese garden style in modern times. Specifically, SB Garden is considered to be a stroll-style garden that enables users to appreciate it by connecting the three gardens with stepping stones and stone bridges, including the garden of cranes and turtles (a sort of pond garden), the tea garden centered on the Byeoldang (Annexe), and the stone garden.

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Stauskis, Gintaras. "JAPANESE GARDENS OUTSIDE OF JAPAN: FROM THE EXPORT OF ART TO THE ART OF EXPORT." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 35, no. 3 (September 30, 2011): 212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tpa.2011.22.

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Since the 19th century, a Japanese garden as a cultural phenomenon with a millennium-old history of religion and philosophy-based landscaping art has been exported to different regions of the globe and built in countries far from the land of its origin. The article focuses on two aspects of Japanese gardens: the basic and more specific principles of planning and design of a traditional Japanese garden, and the related discourse of a tradition of exporting its planning and design cultural tradition outside of Japan. Based on analysed international examples of Japanese-style gardens, the specific traits of planning the landscape of these gardens were identified. The narrative of multiple psycho-emotional effects that these gardens have on their users and visitors is disclosed in correlation with the specific aspects of their planning and design. The culture of exporting a Japanese garden tradition overseas is discussed and the important principles for introducing a Japanese garden to a remote cultural context are spotlighted. The concluding remarks on the user-oriented culture of exporting a Japanese garden as a complete planning and design system of landscape architecture, reflect author’s aspiration to open a wider cross-professional discussion and research on the topic. Santrauka Japonijos sodai – tai tūkstantmetes tradicijas turintis filosofija ir religija grįstas kraštovaizdžio architektūros kultūrinis reiškinys, kurio pavyzdžiai nuo XIX a. yra eksportuojami ir įrengiami skirtinguose pasaulio regionuose. Kraštovaizdžio architektūros požiūriu straipsnyje nagrinėjami du Japonijos sodų aspektai: esminiai šių sodų suplanavimo ir įrengimo principai bei specifiniai bruožai, taip pat Japonijos sodų meninės tradicijos eksporto ir sklaidos užsienyje klausimai. Visame pasaulyje garsių Japonijos sodų pavyzdžių apžvalga ir pasirinktų Baltijos jūros regiono pavyzdžių tyrimas atskleidžia esminius šių sodų suplanavimo principus, kurie sietini su lankytojams formuojamu psichologiniu emociniu poveikiu. Aptariant Japonijos sodų eksporto į kitus etninius ir geografinius regionus klausimus iškeliama jų integravimo į skirtingą kultūrinį kontekstą problema. Straipsnis apibendrinamas baigiamosiomis nuostatomis, kurios apibrėžia tolesnio Japonijos sodų meno diskurso lauką nuo vartotojo poreikių iki vientisos kraštovaizdžio sistemos eksporto galimybių, išreiškia autoriaus siekį atverti šia tema platesnį tyrimų ir diskusijų lauką.

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6

Michener, David C. "JAPANESE GARDEN DESIGN." Landscape Journal 17, no. 1 (1998): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/lj.17.1.94.

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Ding, Yang, Olena Semykina, Andriy Mykhailenko, Olga Ushakova, and Oleksandr Khliupin. "Modern Chinese and Japanese garden as a symbol of national identity in the context of globalism." Landscape architecture and art 19, no. 19 (December 30, 2021): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2021.19.09.

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The article considers examples of modern gardens and parks with elements of Chinese and Japanese landscape design, analyzes the degree of their similarity with historic gardens. A comparative analysis of historic gardens and modern gardens and parks is carried out in order to prove which elements of traditional oriental landscape design are cited the most. A set of elements that embody national identity in modern Chinese and Japanese gardens is argued. It is shown how, over time, including under the direct influence of multiculturalism and in connection with the typification of pavilions for mass construction, the concentrated national features of eastern gardens were gradually smoothed out. As the most recognizable elements of modern Chinese gardens, pavilions, sculpture, compositions of stones, Japanese gardens – gates-torii, pagodas, compositions of boulders, "dry gardens", landscaping with sakura, coniferous trees, and Japanese maples were identified. Compared to Chinese gardens, in a modern Japanese garden outside of Japan there may be no buildings at all or their number is minimal, and the natural environment itself is more natural. On the contrary, the Chinese garden outside of China showcases the art of landscape design and the craftsmanship of man-made landscape paintings.

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Fowler, Michael. "Mapping sound-space: the Japanese garden as auditory model." Architectural Research Quarterly 14, no. 1 (March 2010): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135510000588.

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Japanese culture, through its art, language and religion, is a result of accumulated flows of knowledge from China and Korea. The traditions of garden design and garden construction, similarly, are ‘a space of flows’ from classical Chinese models though, after centuries of development and refinement, have become distinctly reflective of Japanese culture and aesthetics. The first recorded instance of this knowledge flow reaching Japan appears in the eleventh century. The first treatise on Japanese garden design, Sakuteiki (garden making), is attributed to Tachibana no Toshitsuna, a court official and designer of gardens. Though the treatise contains no illustrations, much of the text is precise, and its content reflective of the cultural and aesthetic predilections of the Confucianist Heien court. Other treatises may have been extant during the Heien period (794–1185), though they are now lost.

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Ivashko, Yuliia, and Peng Chang. "Modern trends in landscape design: the return to Eastern traditions?" Środowisko Mieszkaniowe, no. 32 (2020): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25438700sm.20.022.12886.

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This paper discusses the analysis of modern landscaping trends. Today’s challenges and environmental issues that reduce landscaping area in large cities force us to search for new landscaping trends. Amid global environmental problems, the popularity of green areas attached to private homes is increasing. Despite avant-garde trends, there is a growing interest in traditional oriental gardens, both Chinese and Japanese, based on the principles of harmony between human and nature. At the same time, the arrangement of modern Chinese-style private gardens in Ukraine and other Post-Soviet territories, without a deep understanding of fundamental methods, including ‘one lake, three mountains’, ‘garden in a garden’, ‘mountains–water’, sets such gardens apart from true Chinese design. By comparing the historical Chinese pavilions and modern Chinese-style arbours, their non-conformity has been proven, and it recommended to arrange modern Chinese-style gardens based on the use of time-honoured traditions.

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Ding, Yang, Polina Zueva, Indre Grazuleviciute-Vileniske, Hanna Yablonska, and Marek Początko. "A traditional Japanese garden and its lessons for modern times." Landscape architecture and art 19, no. 19 (December 30, 2021): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2021.19.08.

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The study focuses on the origins and characteristics of traditional Japanese landscape design and its features. A comparative analysis of historical Chinese and Japanese horticultural traditions is carried out, as a result of which it is proved that in both cases the basis was religious syncretism with regional characteristics. A comparative analysis of Chinese and Japanese gardens has shown how, over time, they drifted further and further from each other, the Chinese garden continued to improve its hedonistic orientation, while the Japanese garden followed the path of maximum asceticism, the aesthetics of empty space, symbolism, that is, which helped maximize concentration and self-contemplation.

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Goto, Seiko, Thomas J. Gianfagia, John P. Munafo, Eijiro Fujii, Xuting Shen, Minkai Sun, Bertram Emil Shi, Congcong Liu, Hiroshi Hamano, and Karl Herrup. "The Power of Traditional Design Techniques: The Effects of Viewing a Japanese Garden on Individuals With Cognitive Impairment." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 10, no. 4 (December 18, 2016): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586716680064.

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Purpose: This study is to examine how viewing a Japanese garden affects Japanese patients with dementia. Background: In a previous study, authors explored the effect on individuals with Alzheimer’s disease of viewing an indoor Japanese garden at a nursing home in the United States and reported that viewing the garden significantly reduced the heart rate, evoked short-term and long-term memories, and improved behavioral symptoms. However, it was unclear whether these effects were caused by the design of Japanese garden or unfamiliarity of the design to Caucasians. Methods: We constructed a Japanese garden on the rooftop of a hospital in Japan and assessed with a total of 25 subjects on the following categories: (1) eye movement, (2) heart rate, and (3) behavior under four different conditions: (a) open view of the site before construction of the Japanese garden (the control space), (b) open view of the Japanese garden, (c) view of the Japanese garden through closed door, and (d) view of Japanese garden through closed door with the chrysanthemum scent. Findings/Results: Viewers’ eyes scanned larger area while viewing the Japanese garden, and viewing the Japanese garden significantly reduced heart rate and improved behavioral symptoms than the control space. We also found that the effect of viewing the same Japanese garden differed across three conditions: the view through an open door, a closed door, and a closed door with added scent.

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Ortland, Eherhard. "The Aesthetics of Nature and the Art of Gardening in Japan." Dialogue and Universalism 7, no. 3 (1997): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du199773/48.

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A Japanese garden is an artistically shaped piece of the environment as well as a representation of nature. In the aesthetic experience of Japanese gardens it is possible to conceive of the relation between nature and art in a way different from anything accessible within the horizon of European aesthetics alone. In a Japanese garden the artificially shaped nature does not suffer a loss of its proper quality of naturalness, but seems to be even more natural according to the criteria underlying the aesthetic appreciation of the beauty of nature itself. These gardens demonstrate human labor as something which does not necessarily collide with natural beauty. Here, a work of art can be experienced as bemg potentially reconciled with the very idea of nature in its most beautiful state of self-realization.

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Senoglu, Buket, Hilmi Ekin Oktay, and Isami Kinoshita. "Visual Effect of Modern Buildings on a Traditional Japanese Garden." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 3, no. 8 (June 28, 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i8.1393.

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Even though heritage gardens have been preserved successfully in Japan, these gardens, especially the ones in Tokyo, have been surrounded by modern high-rise buildings that have entered the scenery of the gardens dramatically. This situation has become an issue from the perspective of cultural heritage preservation. This paper aimed to define the effect of modern buildings on a Japanese heritage garden called Hama-rikyu Gardens in the context of user perception by a questionnaire on site. Results indicated that the modern buildings should be eliminated from the scenery of the garden in the future since the participants preferred unspoiled views. eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i8.1393

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Othman, Noriah, Mohd Hisham Ariffin, Noralizawati Mohamed, and Mohd Ali Waliyuddin A. Razak. "Visitors’ Preferences for Malaysian Botanical Gardens’ Landscapes." Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies 3, no. 12 (July 18, 2018): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i12.122.

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Botanical gardens are bio-diverse flora-based natural attractions. Visitors to two prominent Malaysian botanical gardens were surveyed about their preferences for human oriented gardens’ landscape designs.There were significant differences in the preferences for garden landscapes with poorly maintained man-made structures and jungle-like garden landscapes(National Botanical Gardens), and the Japanese garden landscape (Penang Botanical Gardens) among Malays, Chinese and Indians (p<0.10). There were significant differences in preferences between males and females (p<0.10) for garden landscapes with man-made structures(National Botanical Gardens) and landscapes having open spaces (Penang Botanical Gardens).Keywords: Landscape, Human Oriented, Botanical Gardens, PreferenceseISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

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Carvalho, Tiago Mesquita. "O Jardim Japonês na Estética da Natureza Contemporânea." Philosophica: International Journal for the History of Philosophy 16, no. 32 (2008): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philosophica2008163227.

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This paper aims to depict the main philosophical lines that, deriving from Japanese Zen Buddhist precepts, guided and allowed the development of the Japanese garden. Some necessary historical, geographical and cultural references will have to be drawn if an acute portrait of its specificity is to be made; nonetheless, as it should be clear along the article, its guiding lines are universal, as the spread and influence of the Japanese gardens in other cultural contexts illustrates it. And that could only be due to the aesthetic and ontological autonomy, relevance and fertility that fosters this style of gardening. The vision that crosses the Japanese garden will also be exposed through the resemblances and differences with other authors, namely Kant and the concepts sustained by his Critique of Judgment, which therefore mutually enriches the clash of both perspectives.

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Михайлова, Р. Д., О. В. Вишневська, and С. В. Ясько. "ТРАДИЦІЇ ЯПОНСЬКОГО САДОВО-ПАРКОВОГО МИСТЕЦТВА В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНОГО МІСТА (НА ПРИКЛАДІ КИЄВА)." Art and Design, no. 4 (February 15, 2021): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2617-0272.2020.4.12.

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The purpose of the article is to analyze the Japanese art of gardening in its tangible and intangible dimensions. The phenomenon of landscape art is considered in the context of the values of authenticity, typology and its aesthetic value in the city. Methodology.The research uses general scientific methods of analysis; comparative method, typological systematization, historical-chronological method, methods of art analysis. The results. To clarify the essence of the Japanese gardening art phenomenon, this work presents the history and conditions of its origin, its stages of development, as well as the current state. Also, typical garden and park architectural and planning solutions, based on traditional Japanese designs and most often used in the arrangement of parks and gardens, were revealed. Various models of a Japanese park/garden and its temporary transformations in an urban environment were considered; as well as options for design architectural and spatial solutions, most common in modern landscape art. A variant of the design solution for the Kyoto park in Kyiv was revealed, among other things. As a result, a general picture of the current level of development of the Japanese garden park was formed, and its features as an art and design object were emphasized. The scientific novelty of the work is to study the Japanese tradition of landscaping in modern cities and to identify objective approaches to determining its landscape-spatial and artistic elements, taking into account specific varieties on the example of Kyoto Park in Kyiv. Practical significance. Scientific research of the history, traditions and types of formation of a Japanese park / garden in a modern city can be used in architectural and spatial landscape solutions to create specific patterns with expressive artistic features.

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Sammons, Toni. "Letter in a Japanese Garden." Women's Review of Books 4, no. 1 (October 1986): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4019936.

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Nakane, Shiro. "Structure in the Japanese Garden." Antioch Review 64, no. 2 (2006): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4614971.

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Awano, Takashi. "A study on the preservation situation and spatial characteristics of Japanese style garden built in Taiwan during the Japanese rule." Impact 2020, no. 6 (November 16, 2020): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2020.6.70.

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Japanese well developed cultural and aesthetic styles have influenced architecture, décor and landscaping around the world. Japanese influence has been particularly marked in eastern Asian countries such as Taiwan, where the nation's colonisation efforts between 1895 and 1945 led to a trend for garden design and landscaping at the time to demonstrate strong characteristics of Japanese style. The gardens created during this time showed a unique blend of Japanese and Taiwanese influences not otherwise found in landscape architectural history. Associate Professor Takashi Awano, from the Department of Landscape Architecture Science at Tokyo University of Agriculture, leads a study that looks into the preservation status, the construction and design processes and the characteristics of land allocation and design of Japanese gardens in palaces, official residences and other key locations during the Japanese occupation of Taiwan

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Goto, Seiko, Lidija Ristovska, and Eijiro Fujii. "The Japanese garden at Sonnenberg: the first traditional private Japanese garden in North America." Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes 34, no. 4 (October 2, 2014): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14601176.2013.849053.

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Chen, Dexin, Jon Bryan Burley, Trisha Machemer, and Robert Schutzki. "Ordination of Selected Traditional Japanese Gardens, Traditional Chinese Gardens, and Modern Chinese Gardens." International Journal of Culture and History 8, no. 1 (February 20, 2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijch.v8i1.18250.

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Designers and academics are interested in the characteristics, differences, and similarities between built environments such as garden types. This investigation aims to examine the ordination of traditional Japanese gardens in Kyoto, the classical Chinese gardens in Suzhou and the modern Chinese gardens in Xiamen. A hundred and thirty-four variables were selected for the ordination. According to a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) ordination, the first three principal components covered 70.77 percent of the sample variance: the first principal component (traditional Asian values to non-Asian dimension) and second principal component (a complexity to simplicity dimension) divides the gardens into three identifiable groups; the first and the third principal component (a hardscape to softscape dimension) indicates the similarities of traditional Japanese gardens and classical Chinese gardens; the second and third principal component implies the similarities of traditional Japanese gardens and modern Chinese gardens.

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Kumazaki, R., and Y. Kunii. "DRAWING AND LANDSCAPE SIMULATION FOR JAPANESE GARDEN BY USING TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNER." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-4/W5 (May 13, 2015): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-4-w5-233-2015.

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Recently, many laser scanners are applied for various measurement fields. This paper investigates that it was useful to use the terrestrial laser scanner in the field of landscape architecture and examined a usage in Japanese garden. As for the use of 3D point cloud data in the Japanese garden, it is the visual use such as the animations. Therefore, some applications of the 3D point cloud data was investigated that are as follows. Firstly, ortho image of the Japanese garden could be outputted for the 3D point cloud data. Secondly, contour lines of the Japanese garden also could be extracted, and drawing was became possible. Consequently, drawing of Japanese garden was realized more efficiency due to achievement of laborsaving. Moreover, operation of the measurement and drawing could be performed without technical skills, and any observers can be operated. Furthermore, 3D point cloud data could be edited, and some landscape simulations that extraction and placement of tree or some objects were became possible. As a result, it can be said that the terrestrial laser scanner will be applied in landscape architecture field more widely.

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Fowler, Michael. "Transmediating a Japanese Garden through Spatial Sound Design." Leonardo Music Journal 21 (December 2011): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/lmj_a_00060.

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There have been numerous artists, architects and designers whose encounters with traditional Japanese garden aesthetics have produced creative works. The author examines John Cage's Ryoanji, a musical translation of the famous karesansui garden in Kyoto, as an important musical precedent and uses it to position his own methodologies for transmediating the spatial predilections of the Japanese garden Sesshutei. He also documents various mapping techniques and data visualizations used to inform his recent multi-channel sound installation/performance environment, Sesshutei as a spatial model.

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Raggett, Jill, Jiro Takei, Marc P. Keane, Marc P. Keane, and Wybe Kuitert. "Sakuteiki: Visions of the Japanese Garden." Garden History 30, no. 1 (2002): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1587333.

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SATO, Akira. "The Japanese Garden in Foreign Countries." Journal of the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architects 49, no. 3 (1985): 167–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jila1934.49.167.

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Kumazakia, R., and Y. Kunii. "3D MODELING OF COMPONENTS OF A GARDEN BY USING POINT CLOUD DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B5 (June 15, 2016): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b5-305-2016.

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Laser measurement is currently applied to several tasks such as plumbing management, road investigation through mobile mapping systems, and elevation model utilization through airborne LiDAR. Effective laser measurement methods have been well-documented in civil engineering, but few attempts have been made to establish equally effective methods in landscape engineering. By using point cloud data acquired through laser measurement, the aesthetic landscaping of Japanese gardens can be enhanced. This study focuses on simple landscape simulations for pruning and rearranging trees as well as rearranging rocks, lanterns, and other garden features by using point cloud data. However, such simulations lack concreteness. Therefore, this study considers the construction of a library of garden features extracted from point cloud data. The library would serve as a resource for creating new gardens and simulating gardens prior to conducting repairs. Extracted garden features are imported as 3ds Max objects, and realistic 3D models are generated by using a material editor system. As further work toward the publication of a 3D model library, file formats for tree crowns and trunks should be adjusted. Moreover, reducing the size of created models is necessary. Models created using point cloud data are informative because simply shaped garden features such as trees are often seen in the 3D industry.

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Kumazakia, R., and Y. Kunii. "3D MODELING OF COMPONENTS OF A GARDEN BY USING POINT CLOUD DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B5 (June 15, 2016): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b5-305-2016.

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Laser measurement is currently applied to several tasks such as plumbing management, road investigation through mobile mapping systems, and elevation model utilization through airborne LiDAR. Effective laser measurement methods have been well-documented in civil engineering, but few attempts have been made to establish equally effective methods in landscape engineering. By using point cloud data acquired through laser measurement, the aesthetic landscaping of Japanese gardens can be enhanced. This study focuses on simple landscape simulations for pruning and rearranging trees as well as rearranging rocks, lanterns, and other garden features by using point cloud data. However, such simulations lack concreteness. Therefore, this study considers the construction of a library of garden features extracted from point cloud data. The library would serve as a resource for creating new gardens and simulating gardens prior to conducting repairs. Extracted garden features are imported as 3ds Max objects, and realistic 3D models are generated by using a material editor system. As further work toward the publication of a 3D model library, file formats for tree crowns and trunks should be adjusted. Moreover, reducing the size of created models is necessary. Models created using point cloud data are informative because simply shaped garden features such as trees are often seen in the 3D industry.

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Ferraz, Marcos Vieira, Camila Junqueira Fernandes, David Luciano Rosalen, Renata Gimenes, Gustavo De Nóbrega Romani, Claudia Fabrino Machado Mattiuz, and Kathia Fernandes Lopes Pivetta. "Analysis and characterization of a japanese garden in Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil." Ornamental Horticulture 22, no. 1 (April 18, 2016): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/oh.v22i1.825.

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The Japanese Garden of the Fábio Barreto Municipal Forest/Zoo in Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil, was analyzed. Among the vegetation elements, 362 individuals (trees and shrubs) were identified, covering 80 species, 69 genera and 41 families. The Shannon-Weaver biodiversity index of the area was 3.48. Many plants (50%) are not of Asian origin, mischaracterizing the garden. Some elements such as the pagoda, a stone lamp, Mount Fuji and the bridges to the island in the center of one of the lakes were according with the philosophy of a Japanese garden; however, other aspects like commemorative plates, trash containers and concrete benches were uncharacteristic. The survey conducted to know the visitor profile and value for local respondents concluded that most visitors have high school education (42%), are women (52%) or are between 41 and 60 years old (44%). Most (88%) are unaware of the principles that guide the Japanese garden style. The style of the garden is not fully characteristic and showed maintenance problems.

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Cui, Lihua, Christoph D. D. Rupprecht, and Shozo Shibata. "Climate-Responsive Green-Space Design Inspired by Traditional Gardens: Microclimate and Human Thermal Comfort of Japanese Gardens." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 2736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052736.

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Urban green spaces can provide relaxation, exercise, social interaction, and many other benefits for their communities, towns, and cities. However, green spaces in hot and humid regions risk being underutilized by residents unless thermal environments are designed to be sufficiently comfortable. Understanding what conditions are needed for comfortable outdoor spaces, particularly how people feel in regard to their thermal environment, is vital in designing spaces for public use. Traditional gardens are excellent examples of successful microclimate design from which we can learn, as they are developed over the generations through observation and modification. This study analyzed how Japanese gardens affect people’s thermal stress on extremely hot summer days. Meteorological data was collected in three Japanese gardens, and human thermal comfort was evaluated through physiological equivalent temperature (PET). Statistical analysis examined the relationship between spatial configurations of the gardens and thermal comfort. Our study revealed that Japanese gardens can efficiently ameliorate thermal stress. Spatial analysis showed that garden elements affect thermal comfort variously depending on time of the day and spatial distribution.

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Koshio, Kaihei, Tae-Soon Kim, Jeong-Hwa Shin, Won-Seob Song, and Hee-Ock Boo. "The Role of Garden Plants in Modern Culture - Focusing Japanese Garden Plants -." Korean Journal of Plant Resources 24, no. 3 (June 30, 2011): 330–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2011.24.3.330.

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TSUKANO, Michiya, and Shoichiro SENDAI. "The Roof Garden in Japanese Modern Architecture." Transactions of Japan Society of Kansei Engineering 13, no. 1 (2014): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5057/jjske.13.127.

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Bullen, Richard. "Chinese sources in the Japanese tea garden." Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes 36, no. 1 (August 25, 2015): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14601176.2015.1076667.

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SUZUKI, Makoto, Taketoshi KAWAHARA, and Bernard JEANNEL. "The Japanese Garden of Maulévrier in France." Journal of the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architects 51, no. 5 (1987): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jila1934.51.5_19.

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Van Tonder, Gert J., Michael J. Lyons, and Yoshimichi Ejima. "Visual structure of a Japanese Zen garden." Nature 419, no. 6905 (September 26, 2002): 359–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/419359a.

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SEO, Youngdae, and Yukihiro MORIMOTO. "Fractal on Design Elements of Japanese Garden." Journal of the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture 60, no. 5 (1996): 615–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jila.60.615.

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van Tonder, Gert J., and Michael J. Lyons. "Visual Perception in Japanese Rock Garden Design." Axiomathes 15, no. 3 (September 2005): 353–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10516-004-5448-8.

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Tiddens, Paul, and Raymond Cloyd. "Susceptibility of Three Rose Genotypes to Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Adult Feeding." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 32, no. 3 (May 1, 2006): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2006.014.

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Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) adults are a major insect pest of cultivated roses, causing extensive feeding damage to both foliage and flowers. Insecticides are primarily used to minimize adult injury to roses; however, insecticides may be harmful to natural enemies and their use may be restricted, particularly in public gardens. An alternative management strategy is the use of rose genotypes that express some level of herbivore tolerance. However, there is little information on rose genotypes that are tolerant or less susceptible to adult Japanese beetle leaf feeding. This study evaluated the susceptibility of three new rose genotypes introduced into the Crasberg Rose Garden at the Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, Illinois, U.S. The genotypes were Rosa ‘Radrazz’ Knock Out™, Rosa ‘Crimson Bouquet,’ and Rosa ‘Love and Peace.’ Two laboratory experiments, a no-choice and multiple-choice leaf-feeding assay, were conducted in 2002 and 2003 to assess susceptibility of the new rose and two established genotypes to Japanese beetle adult feeding. Although there were significant statistical differences between the rose genotypes, in almost all cases the mean percentage damage rating exceeded 50%. Mean percentage damage ratings for the 2002 and 2003 no-choice experiments ranged from 15% to 78% and 60% to 75%, respectively. Mean percentage damage ratings for the 2002 and 2003 multiple-choice experiments ranged from 34% to 58% and 47% to 53%, respectively. These results indicate that all the rose genotypes tested are susceptible to Japanese beetle adult feeding and may not be appropriate selections for use in areas with established Japanese beetle populations.

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Desranleau, Josée, and Peter Jacobs. "From conception to reception: transforming the Japanese garden in the Montreal Botanical Garden." Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes 29, no. 3 (September 2009): 200–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14601170701788916.

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YOKOYAMA, Keiko, and Makoto SUZUKI. "Sprout of Modern Japanese Garden Design Observed through the Transformation of Yurinso-garden." Journal of The Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture 67, no. 5 (2004): 393–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jila.67.393.

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Winther, Bert. "ISAMU NOGUCHI: THE MODERNIZATION OF JAPANESE GARDEN DESIGN." Nippon Teien Gakkaishi 1993, no. 1 (1993): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5982/jgarden.1993.30.

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Goto, Seiko. "The Introduction of Japanese Garden to United States." Nippon Teien Gakkaishi 2007, no. 18 (2007): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5982/jgarden.2007.18_25.

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KIM, Jongyong, and Inhwan PARK. "Characteristic Comparative Analysis of Japanese Garden in Korea." Landscape Research Japan Online 10 (2017): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jilaonline.10.134.

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Vela Castillo, José. "Un jardín rocoso. Cinco estampas de Ryōan-ji." VLC arquitectura. Research Journal 7, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vlc.2020.10901.

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<p>Five (woodblock) prints of Ryōan-ji presents five approaches to the famous dry garden located in the homonymous temple in Kyoto. The aim has been to explore through them different peculiarities of this garden, and by extension, of Japanese dry gardens of Zen inspiration. The fields explored include narrative (Kawabata), music (Cage and Takemitsu), cinema (Ozu, Iimura) and architecture (Isozaki and Mies, in passing). The main intention has not been to give a unitary vison of Ryōan-ji. Instead, like the dazzle at the end of a haiku, I tried to build a mechanism of partial enlightenments, to show, at least partially, its complex essence. A mechanism which, simultaneously, sheds light on the narrative, the music and the architecture presented. The real protagonist of the text is the particular spatiality that this garden brings to life and the temporality that goes along with it; but also the constant correspondences of the play of traces and possible meanings disseminated across the different media.</p>

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SAKAI, Taku, Satoshi YAMAMOTO, and Hisayuki MAENAKA. "A Research on a Gaze Time at the Garden Path Walk in Japanese Garden." Journal of The Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture 67, no. 5 (2004): 365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jila.67.365.

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Cesereanu, Ruxandra. "Garden of Paradise. Japanese Identity in Sei Shonagon’s The Pillow Book." Caietele Echinox 40 (June 28, 2021): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/cechinox.2021.40.17.

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"This text focuses on the identity of the Japanese garden as an accomplished aesthetic act, in the manner depicted in the official diary of Sei Shonagon’s, a lady living at the Japanese imperial court, around the year 1000. Nature is sieved through an aesthetics of concentric circles, in which human life turns into a painstakingly pen crafted page, strictly owing to the perfection of artistic integration in the nature. But Nature, and more specifically the garden that Sei Shonagon details with refinement in The Pillow Book, is a specific clue to the concept of Japanese identity. traditional sensitivity in their relationship to the world. With a tendency to integrate with nature or their environment and to depend on others, they favor the relationship to others, as well as that between humankind and the world, which determines their identity. It is through integration into the circumstantial dimension that human beings form themselves and become aware of themselves. It follows that collective identity is stronger and more dominant than individual identity. This human way of being constitutes an essential aspect of Japanese culture and is represented in the architecture of traditional Japanese houses. Reflection on the spatiality specific to the Japanese lifestyle can promote a deep dialogue about human identity between different cultures."

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Suenaga, Hiromi, Kanako Murakami, Nozomi Murata, Syoriki Nishikawa, Masae Tsutsumi, and Hiroshi Nogaki. "The Effects of an Artificial Garden on Heart Rate Variability among Healthy Young Japanese Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24 (December 17, 2020): 9465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249465.

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Spending time in nature might positively influence mental health by inducing a relaxed state. Recently, gardens have been created on hospital rooftops in Japan to help inpatients recover from various physical and mental aliments. However, there is little evidence regarding any positive physiological effects of artificial gardens designed for health. The purpose of this study was to assess the psychological and cardiovascular responses incited by artificial natural environments. Japanese university students (n = 38) participated in a one-group pretest post-test experiment conducted at the Yamaguchi Flower Expo in Japan in October 2018, designed to assess whether exposure to four environments (forest, flowers, ocean, and artificial garden for health) influenced heart rate variability measures. After pretesting to determine baseline measurements, participants completed a circuit through the four natural environments. Following circuit completion, post-testing determined that the low frequency/high frequency ratio was significantly lower in the overall sample and the four areas had similar influences on heart rate variability. Findings suggest that exposure to nature by walking through natural areas and in rooftop artificial gardens might enhance the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

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Goto, Seiko. "The first Japanese garden in the Western world: the garden in the Louisiana Purehase Exposition." Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes 27, no. 3 (July 2007): 244–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14601176.2007.10435951.

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48

Jackson, Reginald. "Gallows Hospitality: Visiting Hangman Takuzō’s Garden Theatre." TDR/The Drama Review 62, no. 3 (September 2018): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram_a_00777.

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How does hospitality look and feel at a performed hanging? On a nightly basis, Japanese performance artist Hangman Takuzō would hang himself in his Tokyo garden. For a small fee, audience members witnessed the hangings, but were also welcomed as guests, invited to share refreshments, eroding the border between morbid performance ritual and everyday gestures of fellowship.

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Nagata, Hiroshi. "Reflexive Resolution in Nonlogophoric Garden Path Sentences in Japanese." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 2 (April 1996): 563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.2.563.

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This study was done to establish a garden path effect Japanese speakers might experience when resolving the reflexive, jibun, involved in biased (as opposed to unbiased) nonlogophoric sentences. The reflexive in the biased sentences was manipulated to be bound to a subject of a subordinate sentence (subordinate-subject) despite its being ordinarily associated with a subject of a matrix sentence (matrix-subject). Such manipulation was not performed for the unbiased sentences. Thus the speakers given the former sentences were expected to be garden-pathed. 56 students identified quickly and accurately, when given a marker, the antecedent of the reflexive with the marker given to them either immediately after a subordinate verb phrase or immediately after the end of a sentence following a matrix verb. Findings showed a clear interaction between sentence type and marker position. The rate of subordinate-subject as the judged antecedent of the reflexive remained low (19.1% on average) across the two marker positions for the speakers given the unbiased sentences, whereas for those given the biased sentences it increased from 16.7% to 40.5%. This indicates that the speakers actually go down a garden path and need a certain length of time to attain the ultimate interpretation of the sentences.

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Arnautova, Elena M., Nikolay N. Nosov, Alexander I. Shmakov, and Alexander V. Rodionov. "Introgressive-interspecies complex Musa basjoo sensu lato: results of genetic diversity research by molecular phylogeny methods." Turczaninowia 23, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.23.4.10.

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In this article, we compare the phylogenetic position of various specimens of the Japanese banana (Musa basjoo) originating from the greenhouses of the St. Petersburg Botanical Garden of Peter the Great and from the Kyoto Garden using the analysis of marker sequences ITS1–5.8S rRNA–ITS2 and trnL–trnF. Samples of M. basjoo grown in the Peter the Great Botanical Garden originate from China and have some morphological differences from typical Japanese ones. In addition, we used sequences from the international GenBank database. According to the results of the analysis of ITS sequences, the M. basjoo samples form a single clade with M. itinerans and M. tonkinensis, possibly corresponding to the subsection in the section Musa. At the same time, M. basjoo from Peter the Great Botanical Garden differs in the primary sequence of the ITS1–5.8S rRNA–ITS2 from Japanese one forming a lowly supported clade with M. tonkinensis. Two M. basjoo samples collected in China, whose sequences are taken from the GenBank database, fall into a separate subclade within M. basjoo clade, possibly being a special species from this affinity group. According to the trnL–trnF chloroplast sequences, most of the M. basjoo samples also fall into the clade with M. itinerans. However, one M. basjoo specimen from the Genbank database is monophyletic with M. acuminata from a completely different clade. Possibly, the affinity group of M. basjoo is a compound hybrid complex containing plants that differ in the composition of the maternal genome.

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