Academic literature on the topic 'Japanese managers'
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Journal articles on the topic "Japanese managers":
1
Powell, Gary N., and Yasuaki Kido. "Managerial Stereotypes in a Global Economy: A Comparative Study of Japanese and American Business Students' Perspectives." Psychological Reports 74, no. 1 (February 1994): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.74.1.219.
Abstract:
This study examined stereotypes of American managers, Japanese managers, and a “good manager” held by 264 Japanese and 249 American business students. Although neither the American nor Japanese managerial stereotype resembled that of a good manager in either sample, the stereotypes of a good manager were considerably different for these samples. Japanese students' preferences for a Japanese versus an American manager were consistent with their beliefs about who was the better manager. American students' preferences were less consistent.
2
Warner, Malcolm. "How Japanese Managers Learn." Journal of General Management 17, no. 3 (March 1992): 56–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030630709201700305.
3
Wong, May M. L. "Internationalizing Japanese Expatriate Managers." Management Learning 32, no. 2 (June 2001): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350507601322005.
4
Ishii, Kumi. "Account-Giving in the Eyes of the Manager: Successful Management of Failing Events in Multinational Organizations (MNOs)." International Journal of Business Communication 58, no. 1 (November 1, 2017): 106–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329488417735647.
Abstract:
Employees in multinational organizations (MNOs) face differences in accounts provided by other members, yet an inappropriate account could damage the account-giver’s career. This study examines account-giving in the eyes of the manager in an MNO context. A thematic analysis was conducted on the expected account-giving from 23 Japanese and 20 American managers in the United States. The results show that American managers typically view the out-of-control account as appropriate, whereas Japanese managers expect an apology in an untoward situation. In addition, this study gives insights to the apology account expected by Japanese managers. They expect an explicit apology for the lack of immediate communication rather than for the failing project. More interestingly, many Japanese managers expect an implicit form of apologies through self-reflection. Other findings including cultural amalgamation in MNOs and practical implications for MNO members are discussed along with the implications for the existing account taxonomy.
5
GROTENHUIS, F. D. J., J. A. NEUIJEN, and C. DWIATMADJA. "CULTURE, LEADERSHIP-STYLES AND STRESS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF JAPANESE AND AMERICAN JOINT VENTURES IN INDONESIA." Journal of Enterprising Culture 07, no. 02 (June 1999): 127–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495899000091.
Abstract:
This exploratory study examined differences between Japanese- and American joint ventures in Indonesia in relation to culture. Especially leadership-styles and stress are examined as effects of differences in national cultures. It was expected that the Japanese management-style would better fit in with the expectations of Indonesian workers and that the level of stress experienced by Indonesian workers would subsequently be lower in these Japanese/Indonesian joint-ventures, compared to the American/Indonesian joint-ventures in our study. In decision making we expected the Japanese managers to focus more on consensus, which would result in a more 'human-oriented' leadership-style. American managers on the other hand would be more 'task-oriented' as a result of their focus on goal-attainment. Result indicate that the leadership-style of Japanese managers fits in better with the expectations of Indonesian workers than do the leadership-styles of American managers. However, we found that both Japanese and Indonesian managers are more human-oriented than American managers and more task-oriented as well. They simply seem to be more active than the American managers. Indonesian employees managed by American managers experienced less stress than Indonesian employees managed by Japanese or Indonesian managers.
6
Shimizu, Katsuhiko. "A Quasi-Global Mindset: Psychological and Structural Factors That Made Japanese MNCs Succeed in the West and Struggle in China." World Journal of Business and Management 4, no. 1 (April 10, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/wjbm.v4i1.12981.
Abstract:
The aim of this study is examining why many Japanese MNCs, which are embedded in Eastern cultures, were successful in the late 1970s and 1980s in Western markets, but have struggled in Eastern emerging markets such as China since the mid-2000s. The success of Japanese MNCs in Western developed countries, whose cultural, institutional, and business environments are very different from the Japanese market, suggests that Japanese managers were developing global mindsets. Thus, their recent struggle in China, which should have more commonalities with Japanese markets than Western markets, is a puzzle and should provide important implications for both researchers and practitioners. Based on the results of exploratory interviews with senior executives of ten large Japanese MNCs, we proposed the idea of a quasi-global mindset, which characterizes Japanese managers’ mindsets that are not truly global but are subjectively global. To the extent that managers erroneously believe they have a global mindset and that traditional organizational structures and systems block opportunities to recognize the problem, managers cannot understand the real problems and thus falsely attribute difficulties to the external environment. This study provides important implications to Japanese MNC managers as well as other MNC managers in terms of articulating the importance as well as the difficulties in obtaining true global mindset.
7
Lin, Wenling. "Performance of Institutional Japanese Equity Fund Managers." Journal of Portfolio Management 32, no. 4 (July 31, 2006): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2006.644203.
8
Wolff, Michael F. "Managers at Work: Working in Japanese Laboratories." Research-Technology Management 32, no. 1 (January 1989): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08956308.1989.11670567.
9
Everett, James E., and Bruce W. Stening. "The Overseas Assignment Preferences of Japanese Managers." Environment and Behavior 21, no. 2 (March 1989): 151–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916589212002.
10
Helms, Marilyn M. "JAPANESE MANAGERS: THEIR CANDID VIEWS ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP." Competitiveness Review 13, no. 1 (January 2003): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb046449.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Japanese managers":
1
Kojima, Koji. "Determinants of managers' choices in the Japanese banking industry /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8799.
2
Lai, Longlong. "Charismatic Leadership of Chinese and Japanese Managers a comparative research study /." St. Gallen, 2007. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/05600721001/$FILE/05600721001.pdf.
3
Keeley, Timothy. "Host country national managers in Japanese subsidiares in Southeast Asian countries and Austalia (Malaysia, and Singapore and Thailand)." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/106895/1/T%28BS%29%20214%20Host%20country%20national%20managers%20in%20Japanese%20subsidiaries%20in%20Southeast%20Asian%20countries%20and%20Australia%20%28Malaysia%20and%20Singapore%20and%20Thailand%29.pdf.
Abstract:
This thesis focuses on how well host country national (HCN) managers are integrated into the management process of Japanese subsidiaries in Southeast Asia and Australia as well as in that of the parent companies themselves. It appears that in the majority of Japanese subsidiaries in Southeast Asia and Australia management control is firmly in the hands of Japanese parent company national (PCN) managers. The most important decisions are made by Japanese employees who are either working temporarily at the overseas subsidiary or at the parent company in Japan.
HCN managers play a minor role in the decision making process, their function is limited mainly the gathering of relevant information or making minor day-to-day
operational decisions. The conclusions are based on a review of the relevant literature and quantitative as well as qualitative data gathered specifically for this research. The data was gathered in two phases, one in 1994 and the other in 1996. Information was obtained from HCN and PCN managers at Japanese subsidiaries in Australia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. The research instruments included
questionnaires and in-depth interviews.
4
Mestre, Michel. "First-line management : the critical link between goal perception and performance : a multicultural study of Canadian and Japanese first-line managers." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2003. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/8006/.
Abstract:
The need to be and stay competitive has corporations reassessing their organisation and management processes. Productivity, performance management and motivation include goals as one of their basic building blocks. These concepts, when operationalised, highlight the role and effectiveness of fîrst-line managers, who directly control the majority of human resources. Changes in organisational design such as leaner and flatter management structure, combined with employee empowerment, further underscore the pivotal role of first-line managers. They represent a key link in the management chain. Yet, it is evident that the focus or nature of goals, specifically at the first-line management level, is left largely untouched in the literature. Many disciplines explore the topic of goals. The number of variables that affect the outcome explodes as each field conveys its own perspective. Existing research either investigates goals in a controlled environment, anecdotal by relating corporate practices or case studies of a general nature, or posits a paradigm from the perspective of the author's discipline. Some research addresses the features of goals whilst others concentrate on the factors affecting outcome. This situation has raised the question as to the nature and focus of goals: the 'end' or the 'means'? It is acknowledged that there is a lack of research dealing with the 'actual' focus of goals. The objective of this thesis is to fill this gap in the literature with respect to the first-line manager's perception of goals. This study aims to ascertain the nature of goals as perceived by first-line managers. A survey conducted in Canada and Japan contrasts first-line managers' responses as well as provides a valuable insight on the effect that different management practices have on the nature of goals. It is evident that much has been written about Japanese practices at the corporate level as a whole, but little information is available on individual performance orientation, particularly at the first-line management level. The data collected in this research furnishes a deeper insight on goals and some factors that affect performance, as perceived by first-line managers. Goals can take a variety of forms and focus. As such, it was deemed imperative not to bias responses by producing pre-selected categories but to employ open-ended questions. The use of phenomenological mapping is not intended to test a particular hypothesis but aims to understand the situation by allowing the data to speak for itself. The results supply a first-hand understanding as to the actual focus of first-line managers, unadulterated by theories and speculations. A number of fmdings have evolved. The choice between 'end' or 'means' goals is related to basic management philosophies which are characteristic of the two populations. The general conclusion is that the values of the organisation are reflected in the type of goals being pursued. The same values are also reflected in the training received - or absence of it - and, eventually, are evident in the nature of goals being set. This duality of perspective is also found in the literature. On one hand, goal or outcome oriented employees willing to make tough decisions are key managerial characteristics to be displayed by individuals who want to progress within the organisation. On the other hand, many preach the basic philosophy that employees are a key resource which should be developed to achieve better results. These two concepts are expounded independently of each other in the literature. The general fïeld of research does not provide any criteria to measure the superiority of one System over the other; their mutual exclusivity is usually implied. It suffices to say that output goals are necessary under both Systems but not suffïcient to assure adequate attention to the human side of the equation. The research does widen the existing literature in a number of areas. Firstly, it illustrates how corporate managerial practices and values influence the outlook of first-line managers; while such a phenomenon has been postulated in the past. The results of the survey demonstrate it categorically. Secondly, it demonstrates how two viable perspectives of goals, the 'end' or the 'means', are as present in the academic thinking as, they are in the work environment. Thirdly, the goal perspective of first-line managers, indicates that a different focus may be necessary to be commensurate with their respective roles and responsibilities as compared to the rest of the organisation. The apparent dichotomy in the literature, between 'end' goals and 'means' goals, is also found between the responses of the two populations. The results clearly show that there is a need to rethink corporate practices in the area of human development, especially at the first-line management level. In addition to providing insights on goals, adequacy and recognition, this research implicitly raises the issue of the role which corporations should play in moulding human behaviour, and more specifically that of first-line managers. Conversely, there is the question of the degree to which individuality and personal responsibility for skill development should be left to the individual to decide. Better understanding of the nature of goals in the mind of first-line managers should enable organisations to effectively address the practice of goal setting and the management process entailed. There are some limitations within the research. The qualitative nature of the research, due to the use of open-ended questions, requires interpretative analysis of responses. The choice of categories, while free-flowing from the data, could also be considered as subjective. However, external audit of the tabulation, through the independent evaluation performed by an interrater, proved the process to be consistent. Through triangulation between existing published practices, plant visits and interviews as well as the internal consistency between the responses to different questions, the results of the tabulation exhibit congruity. The thesis comprises fifteen chapters, organised into four major sections. Part I contains the theoretical content of the research. It provides the backdrop for the importance of goals and the relationship with productivity, the different paradigms being put forth, a detailed discussion on the nature of goals and the key role of first-line managers. Part II describes the design of the survey and the analytical procedures employed. Part III presents the actual tabulation of the data with observations related to the results. Part IV analyses and discusses the major findings in context with the theories expounded and as well, provides conclusions and recommendations for future research.
5
Ma, Zaixin. "How do the Chinese and Japanese manage their joint ventures? : a comparative perspective." Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3805/.
Abstract:
Studies of international joint ventures (IJVs) in China continue to accumulate. Many were originally informed from various historical, economic, political, sociological, and geographical perspectives. More recently, international management theory and research has made some progress. Attention may likewise switch from the initial founding of I.lVs towards their subsequent operation and management and eventual maturation. In addition, it will become more possible to compare different international approaches and perspectives upon such. For that reason, this study seeks to explore and explain why conflicting interests arise in Japanese Affiliated Enterprises (JAEs) in China and how Chinese and Japanese perspectives differ. It therefore applies a theoretical model of IJV founding and development derived from the works of Harrigan, Parkhe and others to a sample of eighty-one JAEs and four short case studies. It concentrates upon the variables of founding motives, partner selection, control and conflict, performance, and investment environment and places their development into an overall context. A range of historical, economic, political, cultural, and personality factors are identified in the process and future developmental/research possibilities specified.
6
Sjöstedt, Emil, and Leonard Zeilon. "Swedish firms achieving legitimacy on the Japanese market : A qualitative study on how Swedish firms manage to achieve legitimacy on the Japanese market." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85716.
Abstract:
The purpose of this thesis was to investigate how Swedish firm operating on the Japanese market can achieve legitimacy in consideration to the cultural context. The thesis has an exploratory purpose where the methodology was based on a qualitative method with and inductive approach. The thesis conducted a multiple case study through semi-structured interviews. The theoretical framework provides the reader with relevant concepts regarding external and internal factors influencing legitimacy. A conceptual framework was developed in order to connect the theoretical concepts with each other. Through interviews with Swedish firms established on the Japanese market empirical data was collected. The analysis chapter thereafter discusses the similarities and differences between the theoretical concepts and the empirical data. The findings of the study reveal that there are many differences in conducting business in Japan compared to Sweden, and that Swedish firms have to adapt accordingly. The thesis concludes that there are several indications of activities that can be connected towards achieving legitimacy on the Japanese market. By understand the cultural differences and accustom the Swedish firms’ business practices to align with Japanese firms, relationships and networks can be strengthened and further result in achieving legitimacy on the Japanese market.
7
Ichinose, Hiroki. "Re-structuring the Middle Manager : A Study of the Introduction and Implementation of coaching in the Japanese Corporation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504019.
8
Sakurai, Yuka. "Problems and Prospects in Cross-Cultural Interactions in Japanese Multinational Corporations in Australia Author Sakurai, Yuka." Phd thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/48184.
Abstract:
As multinational corporations (MNCs) are extending their international operations they need to examine issues such as the localisation of human resource policies and management, and the effective use of local and expatriate managers. Examination of expatriate studies indicates a lack of attention given to the relationships between expatriate managers and local managers or the perspectives of local managers working in MNCs. This thesis attempts to fill these gaps by focusing on the cross-cultural interactions between expatriate and local managers. This thesis addresses the importance of positive cross-cultural understanding between Japanese expatriate managers and local managers in Japanese subsidiaries in Australia, and its effect on work-related outcomes such as job satisfaction and commitment to the organisation. It identifies macro and micro factors which are associated with levels of job satisfaction and commitment of Japanese expatriate managers and Australian managers with special focus on economic functions of industry, communication, and mutual perceptions. Conceptual models for predicting organisational commitment for Japanese expatriate and Australian managers are developed, and the validity of the models is empirically tested. ¶ ...
9
Praisankul, Suragrai, and 林正大. "Managing Cultural Differences Between Japanese Managers and Thai Subordinates in Akiyoshi." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12546650989565726826.
Abstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
企業管理碩士專班
99
The purpose of this study was to investigate the similarities and differences between Japanese and Thai cultures in order to solve management problems arising from conflicts in values, beliefs, and working attitudes of Japanese manager and Thai employees in Akiyoshi restaurant. Another aim was to also find out how to apply management theories and cultural dimensions to create effective working process in the organization. In order to learn about Japanese and Thai cultures, both quantitative and qualitative research methods were applied. Questionnaires examined Japanese and Thai cultures and values were sent out and forty responses were received. In addition, secondary researches, focused on Hofstede’s and Trompenaars’ cultural dimensions, were carried out in order to learn more about the two cultures. After understanding how the two cultures similar or differ, management theories; such as high/low context communication, leadership styles, and motivation theories, were applied and useful implications on Akiyoshi were explained. Finally, it was discovered that Japanese and Thai cultures have many similarities and differences. As a result, it is important for Akiyoshi’s management team to learn and understand these cultural values and beliefs, in order to avoid conflicts and dysfunction in the workplace.
10
Mekratri, Yaowarej. "East meets east : cross-cultural communication between Japanese managers and Thai subordinates." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/31566.
Abstract:
This research mainly examines the superior-subordinate relationship between
Japanese managers and Thai subordinates working in joint ventures in Thailand,
especially the management style of the Japanese and the reactions of the Thais,
Cultural adaptation of Japanese expatriates and Thai subordinates is also explored.
Through this study, we gain better understanding of the Japanese-Thai interpersonal
relationships, communication patterns, work ethics, and other cultural values with
particular emphasis on recurring themes such as concepts about work, vertical
relationship, authority and supervision style, and gender issues. The in-depth
interviews were conducted with ten Japanese managers, six Thai managers, and 12
Thai subordinates in Thailand in 2001.
Findings show that although there are some similarities in Japanese and Thai
cultural values at work, conflicts, frictions, and misunderstandings still exist between
Japanese superiors and Thai subordinates because of their cultural differences. Both
parties also have some stereotypes and negative myths of the other party.
Concerning concepts about work, Japanese superiors prefer immediate
actions from their Thai subordinates when problems arise whereas when the Thais
encounter some difficulties in solving problems, they hesitate to inform their
superiors. Since there is no clear job description in Japan, the Thais often feel
uncomfortable when their job responsibilities overlap with their colleagues.
Moreover, unlike Japanese people, Thai employees do not have a strong commitment
to the company.
Vertical relationship explores how the Japanese and the Thais build and
maintain their relationships at work and after work hours. The Japanese believe that
relationships should follow job accomplishment while the Thais think that good
relationships should be established before working. After-hour activities are
suggested as means to strengthen relationships between superiors and subordinates.
Furthermore, Japanese superiors tend to use different strategies to supervise
their Thai subordinates; those strategies include scolding, expecting expression of
opinions, information sharing, and delegation of authority in decision making
processes. However, the strategies seem not to work properly in Japanese-Thai joint
ventures due to cultural differences at work.
Although gender can be a barrier in career advancement in Japan, Japanese
expatriates do not see this as the case in Thailand. However, most of the Thai female
subordinates complained that women were less likely to get promotions while Thai
male subordinates thought that career advancement was blocked because managerial
positions were occupied by and reserved for Japanese expatriates.
At the end, three cases are presented to illustrate how Japanese superiors and
Thai subordinates adjust in intercultural work settings. Each case consists of two
individuals' work experience and adaptability. We can see the importance of
individual differences as some Japanese superiors and Thai subordinates realize
cultural differences and try to adjust to the intercultural work settings while others
hold back and, finally, resign from the company.
To avoid conflicts and misunderstandings, and to work together effectively,
Japanese managers and Thai subordinates should realize their cultural differences and
learn the other's culture. If problems arise, they should be open-minded and willing to
help each other solve the problems.Graduation date: 2004
Books on the topic "Japanese managers":
1
Hiura, Atsuko. Japanese managers' anxieties and the organisational structure. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1997.
2
Kawatani, Takashi. Communication handbook for Malaysian and Japanese managers. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Centre for Japan Studies at ISIS Malaysia, 1996.
3
Tomita, Teruhiko. Roles of Japanese-style middle management and their potential applicability in global perspective. Shiga, Japan: Shiga University, Faculty of Economics, 1992.
4
Tolich, Martin. Managing the managers: Japanese management strategies in the U.S. Davis, CA: University of California, Institute of Government Affairs, 1997.
5
Makoto, Kumazawa. Portraits of the Japanese workplace: Labor movements, workers, and managers. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press, 1996.
6
Hasegawa, Yōzō. Rediscovering Japanese business leadership: 15 Japanese managers and the companies they're leading to new growth. Singapore: Wiley, 2010.
7
Miyai, Jinnosuke. On being a Japanese manager in a foreign firm. Tokyo: Sophia University, 1985.
8
Renshaw, Jean R. Kimono in the boardroom: The invisible evolution of Japanese women managers. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
9
Kaplan, Steven N. 'Outside' intervention in Japanese companies: Its determinants and its implications for managers. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1993.
10
Thome, Katarina. Crusaders of the Rising Sun: A study of Japanese managers in Asia. Singapore: Longman, 1992.
Book chapters on the topic "Japanese managers":
1
Ho, Swee-Lin. "Demystifying the social world of Japanese women." In Friendship and Work Culture of Women Managers in Japan, 1–45. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: The Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese studies series: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315104218-1.
2
Kotera, Yasuhiro, and William Van Gordon. "How Japanese managers use NLP in their daily work." In Emotional Intelligence and Neuro-linguistic Programming, 53–71. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2019. |: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22180-3.
3
Yui, Tsunehiko, and Richard A. Colignon. "Entrepreneurs and Managers in the Development of Japanese Business." In Comparative Entrepreneurship Initiatives, 36–73. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230314368_3.
4
Yamaguchi, Kazuo. "Determinants of the Gender Gap in the Proportion of Managers Among White-Collar Regular Employees." In Advances in Japanese Business and Economics, 47–81. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7681-8_2.
5
Hamaguchi, Nobuaki, and Silvio Y. M. Miyazaki. "Dissemination of Japanese Quality Control in Brazil." In Brazil—Japan Cooperation: From Complementarity to Shared Value, 177–201. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4029-3_7.
Abstract:
AbstractUntil the 1980s, Brazilian industrialization was oriented toward the domestic market. Although competitive pressure was weak, exporting companies and local subsidiaries of multinationals deployed the Japanese quality control model, which was considered the hallmark of the Japanese industry’s competitiveness. Individual companies and local business associations were the leading promoters of quality control, with the collaboration of JUSE. The first boom fell short of expectations because of the lack of understanding from corporate managers and some inter-cultural problems for workers in introducing Total Quality Control. The market liberalization since the 1990s set new ground for competitiveness-seeking quality control, supported by the government. The second boom did not materialize because of the industrial paradigm change for machine-based productivity gains, while Japanese style quality control is human-based. Still, we find that Japanese style quality control has been effectively used in non-industrial sectors such as public administration and healthcare. We argue that Japanese technical cooperation capitalizing on quality control methods will enhance Brazil’s labor productivity and social well-being.
6
Jackson, Sharon. "How Managers Make Sense of CSR: The Impact of Eastern Philosophy in Japanese Owned Transnational Corporations." In Leadership through the Classics, 487–503. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32445-1_32.
7
Yoshihara, Hideki. "Global Operations Managed by Japanese and in Japanese." In Multinationals in a New Era, 153–65. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403907622_11.
8
Tamura, Norie. "The Third Way of Seed Governance: The Potential of the Seed Commoning in Japan." In Seeds for Diversity and Inclusion, 175–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89405-4_12.
Abstract:
AbstractAs both material entities and “packages” of genetic information, seeds are a common—a co-managed natural resource—in communities and regions all over the world. In this analysis of Japan’s national potential for a commons approach to seed sovereignty, Norie Tamura looks through the lens of institutional change. In 2017, the revocation of the Main Crop Seeds Act, a law upholding the state-run seed system, triggered a major backlash in Japanese civil society. Many in the movement called for a revival of state control without fully recognizing the part it plays, for instance, in agricultural industrialization. Yet simultaneously, a range of seed commons exist in Japan at the village and prefectural level, as well as through the network maintained by the Japan Organic Agriculture Organization. For seed commoning to spread and consolidate in Japan, Tamura asserts a need for reintegrating the producer–user divide and fostering open communication between seed and civil sectors.
9
Kruze, Uldis. "Stage Manager of Japan’s “Bubble Economy” Political World (1986–1989)." In Shin Kanemaru and the Tragedy of Japan's Political System, 61–72. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137457370_5.
10
Murao, Osamu. "Exchanging Disaster Science Expertise Between Countries—A Japanese Personal Perspective." In The Demography of Disasters, 233–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49920-4_12.
Abstract:
Abstract Having experienced firsthand the catastrophic Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011, Tohoku University founded the International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS) in 2012. IRIDeS staff, with a broad array of relevant specializations, conducts world-class research on disaster science and disaster mitigation in collaboration with organizations from many countries. As a member of IRIDeS, Prof. Osamu Murao, the founder and manager of the International Strategy for Disaster Mitigation Laboratory (ISDM), has conducted several international collaborative research projects. This chapter briefly reports on the activities of the IRIDeS and ISDM and highlights key factors for successful international collaborative research and exchange experiences with other countries. The author recounts his initial collaborative research experience in a long-term project examining Taiwan’s recovery from the impact of the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake which was the foundation of the international research collaboration at ISDM. The chapter concludes with a summary of the valuable lessons learned from the author’s participation in this research.
Conference papers on the topic "Japanese managers":
1
Kaminaka, Tomohiro, Zubir Azhar, and Dayana Jalaludin. "MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS AND LODGING BUSINESS MODEL IN JAPANESE RYOKANS." In GLOBAL TOURISM CONFERENCE 2021. PENERBIT UMT, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/gtc.2021.11.049.
Abstract:
The lodging sector in Japan has experienced a shrinking market size of traditional lodging providers (known as ryokans). Ryokans, which account for about 40% of Japanese lodging market, have operated their lodging businesses based on a unique business model that has been in existence for over 1,000 years. About 30% of ryokans are in a declining stage, where they are unable to break away from the traditional business models and are in a negative spiral of continuing deficits. The intent of this paper is to understand how ryokans innovate their business model while maintaining some of their traditional fundamental elements. This paper adopts a multiple-case study approach based on the two high-performing ryokans with long histories. Our findings add the ryokans’ commercial-cultural context to existing literature that describes the role of management control systems (MCS) in supporting business model innovation. Understanding the achievement of their business model innovation from a long-term perspective of about thirty years provides our paper with theoretical originality. We conclude that the weights of formal and informal controls in MCS are equal in the long term regardless of the direction of their business model innovation. In recent years, tourism policy has encouraged ryokans to use management accounting information to overcome their low-profit businesses. Our practical suggestions complement the tourism policy that presupposes the use of management accounting information alone, and support ryokan managers to use it as a part of MCS.
2
Sasa, Kenji, Masao Mitsui, and Masahiko Tamura. "Survey and Analysis on Safety of Ship Mooring Operations in Japanese Ports Facing Open Seas." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77387.
Abstract:
Ships have two major roles, namely navigation in oceans and cargo handling in ports. Various factors must be considered to maintain the safety of ships in all situations, from oceans to ports. The case of ferry ports was already presented by the authors. However, some important factors are still unknown, and thus, a nationwide survey is conducted to clarify them. The first survey is a questionnaire, in which responders point out various problems that prevent the maintenance of safety in ports. In particular, there are many ports with insufficient facilities because of the financial deficit. There are also differences in awareness on how to improve the current situation between the shipping companies (users) and local governments (port managers). The second survey, interviews during visits, is conducted in three ports. Detailed situations regarding mooring difficulties are detected. Those points are summarized with the aim to improve safety considering the standards of port planning under a financial deficit situation.
3
Filho, Cid Alledi, Eliana Napolea˜o Cozendey Silva, Martius Vicente R. Rodriguez, and Osvaldo L. Gonc¸alves Quelhas. "Continuous Improvement Based on Learning Capacity of Petroleum Industry." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0513.
Abstract:
Oil industry, as well as all organizations, is facing challenges of a new paradigm: the incessant endeavors of continuous improvement. It is calling attention of all organizations that seek business sustainability. Improvement programs proliferate and aim to qualify the organization to gain new victories. However, how to implement continuous improvement in oil industry? Where should it begin? How to proceed? How to guarantee that the accomplished efforts will lead to positive results for the organization? Knowledge Management has been one of the main issues in several publications, and many authors affirm that knowledge is the key for organizations’ success. According to Garvin, organizations see their improvement plans fail because most of them have not learnt the basic lesson: to improve continuously, organizations need first to know how to learn. There is no improvement without learning. And a company that learns is not quickly built. It is necessary planning, perseverance, commitment and processes which accumulate results. Occidental managers, according to Nonaka, have difficulty to understand the symbolism of Japanese slogans as tools to create a learning atmosphere. The authors of this paper have developed a visual methodology, based on symbolism and key words, which is intended to make easier the assimilation of the concepts of knowledge management, more specifically, the concepts of Garvin, Nonaka and Takeuchi, for use and improvement of the capacity of an organization “learn how to learn”, seeking the construction of the necessary learning atmosphere.
4
Themelis, Nickolas J. "Current Status of Global WTE." In 20th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec20-7061.
Abstract:
This paper is based on data compiled in the course of developing, for InterAmerican Development Bank (IDB), a WTE Guidebook for managers and policymakers in the Latin America and Caribbean region. As part of this work, a list was compiled of nearly all plants in the world that thermally treat nearly 200 million tons of municipal solid wastes (MSW) and produce electricity and heat. An estimated 200 WTE facilities were built, during the first decade of the 21st century, mostly in Europe and Asia. The great majority of these plants use the grate combustion of as-received MSW and produce electricity. The dominance of the grate combustion technology is apparently due to simplicity of operation, high plant availability (>90%), and facility for training personnel at existing plants. Novel gasification processes have been implemented mostly in Japan but a compilation of all Japanese WTE facilities showed that 84% of Japan’s MSW is treated in grate combustion plants. Several small-scale WTE plants (<5 tons/hour) are operating in Europe and Japan and are based both on grate combustion and in implementing WTE projects. This paper is based on the sections of the WTE Guidebook that discuss the current use of WTE technology around the world. Since the beginning of history, humans have generated solid wastes and disposed them in makeshift waste dumps or set them on fire. After the industrial revolution, near the end of the 18th century, the amount of goods used and then discarded by people increased so much that it was necessary for cities to provide landfills and incinerators for disposing wastes. The management of urban, or municipal, solid wastes (MSW) became problematic since the middle of the 20th century when the consumption of goods, and the corresponding generation of MSW, increased by an order of magnitude. In response, the most advanced countries developed various means and technologies for dealing with solid wastes. These range from reducing wastes by designing products and packaging, to gasification technologies. Lists of several European plants are presented that co-combust medical wastes (average of 1.8% of the total feedstock) and wastewater plant residue (average of 2% of the feedstock).
5
Yamada, Yasuyuki, Yukari Kinooka, Takeshi Ebara, and Motoki Mizuno. "Descriptive Evidence of the Work-Family Compensation among Japanese Midwives: Using the Multiple Role Map Program." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100353.
Abstract:
Working midwives actively perform various roles including midwife, manager, mother, marital partner and friend. From the “compensation” perspective, they try to cope with dissatisfaction caused in one role (e.g. midwife role) by obtaining satisfaction in other roles (e.g. mother role). Although the episodes about compensation were useful information for the practical career support, the previous studies didn’t show enough evidence. Hence, this study aimed to collect compensation episodes from Japanese working midwives and to show the descriptive evidence by using Multiple Role Map (MRM) program. The participants were female midwives working in a university hospital in Japan. We conducted the MRM program to all of the midwives working in the hospital and collected eighteen MRM sheets from them (recovery rate = 100%). According to the spreadsheet and descriptive episodes, major contents of compensable dissatisfactions were fatigue, frustration, pressure, distress and job stressors caused in the midwife and manager roles. Meanwhile, these dissatisfactions were compensated by satisfactions received in the friend, marital partner and mother roles and the private time. To obtain more practical findings for the career support, we will develop a statistical scoring method with the MRM data and conduct a validation study comparing the scores and external criterion for standardized health outcomes.
6
Gutierrez-Calderon, Pablo Jesus. "Maestro y discípulos: Japón y el pabellón para la Exposición Internacional de París de 1937." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.648.
Abstract:
Resumen: En 1937, Japón presentaba para la Exposición Internacional de París un pabellón que rompía con los modelos de arquitectura tradicional y vernácula que había construido en anteriores exposiciones. El descaro de la propuesta generó no poca controversia en el país nipón debido al lenguaje empleado, alejado de las tipologías y sistemas constructivos autóctonos para introducir un nuevo modelo, aplicando nuevos materiales como acero y vidrio. Entre el primer proyecto presentado a concurso, obra de Kunio Mayekawa y el proyecto finalmente construido, obra de Junzo Sakakura, aparecerá un común denominador en la figura del maestro: Le Corbusier. El artículo analiza la influencia que supuso el maestro en la realización de los proyectos. Mientras Mayekawa evolucionaba buscando su propio camino, Sakakura diseñará el pabellón en el estudio de la calle de Sèvres, influenciado por las enseñanzas y sugerencias de Le Corbusier, para conseguir aunar en su arquitectura la profunda tradición japonesa con la modernidad. El pabellón puede considerarse pionero de la arquitectura moderna japonesa que entra a formar parte de la escena internacional, alzándose con uno de los premios de arquitectura otorgados por la organización francesa, junto a los pabellones de Aalto y J. L. Sert. Abstract: In 1937, a Japanese Pavilion was presented to the International Exhibition in Paris. This pavilion broke with the traditional and vernacular architecture that Japan had built in previous exhibitions. The audacity of the proposal generated a lot of controversy in the japanese country, due to its language, away from the native typologies and constructive systems. Indeed, the approach introduced a new model, using new materials such as steel and glass. The first project submitted to the competition, designed by Kunio Mayekawa, and the final built project, designed by Junzo Sakakura, have a common denominator represented by the figure of the Master: Le Corbusier. The article analyzes the influence of the Master in the ejecution of the projects. While Mayekawa progressed looking for its own way, Sakakura designed the pavilion in Sèvres Street Studio, influenced by the training and suggestions of Le Corbusier. Then, he managed to combine in its architecture deep Japanese tradition with modernity. The pavilion can be considered as a pioneering work of modern Japanese architecture that becomes part of the international scene ,indeed, it was awarded with one of the architectural prizes granted by the French organization, together with the pavillions designed by Aalto and J.L.Sert. Palabras clave: Mayekawa; Sakakura; Le Corbusier; Pabellón japonés; Arquitectura moderna. Keywords: Mayekawa; Sakakura; Le Corbusier; Japanese Pavilion; Modern Architecture. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.648
7
Soneda, Naoki, Kenichi Nakashima, Kenji Nishida, and Kenji Dohi. "High Fluence Surveillance Data and Recalibration of RPV Embrittlement Correlation Method in Japan." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-98076.
Abstract:
Neutron irradiation embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels is one of the key aging phenomena that need to be properly managed and considered in the plant operations. The current embrittlement correlation method in Japan, JEAC 4201-2007, was developed in 2007 using the surveillance database as of the end of year 2006. Since then, some new surveillance data were compiled, and some of the data from the materials irradiated to high fluences of 6×1019 – 1×1020 n/cm2, E>1MeV showed larger amount of embrittlement than the predictions of JEAC4201-2007 method. The microstructural changes in such materials were examined to identify the embrittlement mechanism of RPV steels at high fluences, and the modification of the JEAC4201-2007 was performed. This paper describes the summary of the microstructural characterization, and the details of the revision of the JEAC4201-2007. The revised embrittlement correlation method work well to the current Japanese surveillance data together with newly determined margins.
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Ota, Takashi, and Koji Dozaki. "An Approach to Controlling Inaccessible Regions for Inspection Defined by Rules on Fitness-For-Service in Japan." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75585.
Abstract:
On September 2007, Primary Water Stress Corrosion Cracking (PWSCC) flaws were found on the dissimilar metal weld of the steam generator (SG) inlet pipe nozzles of Tsuruga-2. Following the Tsuruga-2, similar cases were found in some other plants. These cracks were located in inaccessible regions by Ultrasonic Testing (UT) examination applied from the outer surface. Triggered by these cases, the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency (NISA), Japanese regulator of nuclear industries, directed nuclear power plant owners to investigate current status of these inaccessible regions for inspection defined by rules on fitness-for-service in Japan, and required to show developing plan on alternative measures of inspection for UT-exempted welds. On the other hand, the study to manage inaccessible regions in the rules on fitness-for-service has been started. The authors consider and propose a possible approach for modified rules of inspection in order to make control of these inaccessible regions.
9
Field, David P., and Jim Stephens. "Japanese-Russian Arms Reduction Co-Operation Barge Mounted Low Level Liquid Waste Treatment Plant — Suzuran/Landysh." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4867.
Abstract:
Basic Technical Details: Displacement: 5000 tonnes; Width: 23.2m; Height: 6.6m; Length: 65m; Draught: 3.5m; Processing Throughput: 7000m3/year. In October 1993, the Governments of Japan and the Russian Federation signed an Intergovernmental Agreement to reduce the threat of nuclear weapons in the Former Soviet Union. Towards achieving this goal, the Japanese Government had initially allotted $100 million towards, which was increased to $200 million in 1999. The main objective of the Suzuran project is to process low-level liquid radioactive waste, which has been in storage for some years, and prevent it from being dumped into the seas shared by Japan and Russia. The construction and completion of the Suzuran, in the Russian Far East, is the brainchild of the Japanese Government, and is the first successful international project of its kind in Russia. Suzuran neatly solves the problem of making safe the liquid radioactive waste being derived from general purpose and missile nuclear submarines of the Russian Pacific Fleet as they are decommissioned and dismantled. The project was administered by the Technical Secretariat of the Japan-Russia Committee for Co-operation on Reducing Nuclear Weapons, who appointed Crown Agents as their agent and RWE NUKEM as their Technical Consultants to manage the project on a day to day basis and oversee the tender, construction and commissioning. This project is unique and complex in that it is, in reality, two projects. Firstly, the construction of a sea-going barge and, secondly, the construction of a complex radioactive liquid waste processing facility. Changes in the Russian Radiation Regulations during the course of the project, required the design to be altered significantly; for example, the facility had to be mounted within the structure of the vessel. Numerous regulators, design and testing institutes were involved throughout the project, to ensure it complied with both Russian and International regulations. Suzuran is the only floating complex that can operate independently for up to 30 days away from base. It is also exceptional in having the greatest throughput capacity of any project of its type and in being fully actively commissioned and licensed to operate, as part of the original contract. Other similar projects, which have a lower throughput and are land-based, have been handed over prior to completion of active commissioning. The international project was particularly complex since it involved not only Japan and Russia but also a Japanese-American contractor, who subcontracted the construction work to Russian shipyards. The Amurski Shipyard at Komsomolsk-na-Amur constructed the Vessel and the processing Facility was constructed in America and shipped to Russia where it was installed on the Barge. The Barge was then towed down the Amur River and down the Russian East Coast to Bolshoi Kamen where it was inactively and actively commissioned. The completed Barge was completed and is now operating, following a one-year warranty period. The project required everyone’s close co-operation and understanding. Particularly onerous was the need to comply with comprehensive Russian regulations, both for sea-going vessels as well as for nuclear facilities. This is a success story in itself. The official Handover ceremony of Suzuran was held in November 2000 and is now operating at the Far Eastern Shipyard, Zvezda. This paper will describe the history and process involved in establishing the Barge project for the treatment of Low Level Liquid Radioactive Waste.
10
Georgieva, Veronika. "INFLUENCE OF A BALANCED DIET ON MUSCLE MASS IN MEN." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/90.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Following a balanced diet is essential, not only for maintaining a good body shape, but it is also crucial for our health. By controlling our nutrition, we can reduce the symptoms and also the progression of many diseases such as diabetes, anemia, cardiovascular disease, movement disorders, and more. Of particular importance is the right proportion of the main energy sources - carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, which aim to reduce excess body fat and increase muscle mass. In search of an answer to whether a balanced diet is enough, we studied 20 volunteers to build a harmonious body. The present study focuses on the diagnosis and control of the main physical indicators of managed 20 to 30 years and how they are affected by 50 days balanced diet combined with and without strength training, divided into two groups - basic and experimental. Anthropometric parameters were measured using a body composition analyzer from the Japanese company TANITA. Based on the indicators of daily caloric intake and kilograms of muscle mass, the required daily intake of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats is calculated. In the main group, after 50 days, a decrease in body weight was reported on average by 5.87% (6.07 kg). What is concerning is the fact that body fat was reduced by only 1.8%, while muscle loss was 4.83% (3.73 kg). In the experimental group, which was on the same diet, but included strength training, the muscle mass was increased by 4.14% (3 kg) and a decrease in total fat by 3.05%. No significant differences are observed in total body weight - 0.89% (0.68 kg), due to the increase in muscle mass. After the research, we concluded that following a diet is not enough to build a harmonious body. This should be used in combination with a training process aimed at increasing muscle mass and lower in total body fat.
Reports on the topic "Japanese managers":
1
Young, Craig. Problematic plant monitoring in Arkansas Post National Memorial: 2006–2019. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286657.
Abstract:
Managers are challenged with the impact of problematic plants, including exotic, invasive, and pest plant species. Information on the cover, distribution, and location of these plants is essential for developing risk-based approaches to managing these species. Based on surveys conducted in 2006, 2011, 2015, and 2019, Heartland Network staff and contractors identified a cumulative total of 28 potentially problematic plant taxa in Arkansas Post National Memorial. Of the 23 species found in 2019, we characterized 9 as very low frequency, 7 as low frequency, 5 as medium frequency, and 2 as high frequency. Cover of all species was low with a single species slightly exceeding a 1-acre threshold based on a midpoint estimate. Efforts to control the woody invasive black locust, Chinese privet, and hardy orange appear to have successfully reduced the cover of these plants across the Memorial Unit. Japanese stiltgrass may have been increasing as recently as 2015, but a combination of recent flooding and control efforts may have stemmed the spread of this invasive grass. Efforts to control localized patches of Chinaberry tree also appear to have reduced the cover of this species. Outside of the problematic species currently subject
2
Young, Craig. Problematic plant monitoring in Pea Ridge National Military Park: 2006–2021. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293656.
Abstract:
Managers are challenged with the impact of problematic plants, including exotic, invasive, and pest plant species. Information on the cover and frequency of these plant species is essential for developing risk-based approaches to managing them. Based on surveys conducted in 2006, 2013, 2018, and 2021, Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network staff and contractors identified a cumulative total of 38 potentially problematic plant species in Pea Ridge National Military Park. Of the 35 species found in 2021, we characterized 13 as very low frequency, 9 as low frequency, 9 as medium frequency, and 4 as high frequency. Of these 35 species, midpoint cover estimates of 4 medium frequency and all 4 high frequency species exceeded the 10-acre threshold. The 10-acre threshold represents a limit beyond which eradication of a problematic plant species is likely not possible. Clearing of eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana) continues to be evident in our observations, and sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) appears to have increased as clearing progressed. The rapid increase in Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) appears to be parkwide. Because of the number, extent, and cover of problematic plants in the park, control efforts should focus on early detection treatments and strategic treatment of high priority, widespread species to protect features of the park’s natural and cultural landscapes. High priority species may include plant species capable of rapid spread, species at low population levels, and species that can be effectively controlled.
3
Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Cape Hatteras National Seashore: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2290019.
Abstract:
The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and monitoring is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. The first year of conducting this monitoring effort at four SECN parks, including 52 plots on Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA), was 2019. Twelve vegetation plots were established at Cape Hatteras NS in July and August. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Cape Hatteras National Seashore in 2019. Data were stratified across four dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Tidal Wetlands, Maritime Nontidal Wetlands, Maritime Open Uplands, and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands) and four land parcels (Bodie Island, Buxton, Hatteras Island, and Ocracoke Island). Noteworthy findings include: A total of 265 vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across 52 vegetation plots, including 13 species not previously documented within the park. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Tidal Wetlands: saltmeadow cordgrass Spartina patens), swallow-wort (Pattalias palustre), and marsh fimbry (Fimbristylis castanea) Maritime Nontidal Wetlands: common wax-myrtle (Morella cerifera), saltmeadow cordgrass, eastern poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans var. radicans), and saw greenbriar (Smilax bona-nox) Maritime Open Uplands: sea oats (Uniola paniculata), dune camphorweed (Heterotheca subaxillaris), and seabeach evening-primrose (Oenothera humifusa) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: : loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), common wax-myrtle, and live oak (Quercus virginiana). Five invasive species identified as either a Severe Threat (Rank 1) or Significant Threat (Rank 2) to native plants by the North Carolina Native Plant Society (Buchanan 2010) were found during this monitoring effort. These species (and their overall frequency of occurrence within all plots) included: alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides; 2%), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica; 10%), Japanese stilt-grass (Microstegium vimineum; 2%), European common reed (Phragmites australis; 8%), and common chickweed (Stellaria media; 2%). Eighteen rare species tracked by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (Robinson 2018) were found during this monitoring effort, including two species—cypress panicgrass (Dichanthelium caerulescens) and Gulf Coast spikerush (Eleocharis cellulosa)—listed as State Endangered by the Plant Conservation Program of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (NCPCP 2010). Southern/eastern red cedar was a dominant species within the tree stratum of both Maritime Nontidal Wetland and Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat types. Other dominant tree species within CAHA forests included loblolly pine, live oak, and Darlington oak (Quercus hemisphaerica). One hundred percent of the live swamp bay (Persea palustris) trees measured in these plots were experiencing declining vigor and observed with symptoms like those caused by laurel wilt......less
4
De la Veha Shiota González, Vania. Working Paper PUEAA No. 10. Japanese Investment in Mexico: Challenges for the 2020 Decade. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.008r.2022.
Abstract:
Japanese investment is essential for Mexico not just because it has represented a viable economic diversification option, but the investments have been made in one of the most significant Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contributing industries. Moreover, it is very prestigious, and it has managed to attach itself to local and global companies which, especially in the Bajío region, consolidate local and regional production networks. One of the features that contribute to the good prestige of Japanese investment is, without a doubt, its capacity to plan for the short, medium and long-term. That means challenges such as government and technological changes are factors that both Japanese firms and different government levels take into consideration to make decisions. In this context, this article aims to reflect on the course of Japanese investment in Mexico for the 2020 years, taking into account its historical background, its current state and the international context.
5
Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Fort Pulaski National Monument: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2288716.
Abstract:
The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and monitoring is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. 2019 marks the first year of conducting this monitoring effort on four SECN parks, including Fort Pulaski National Monument (FOPU). Twelve vegetation plots were established at Fort Pulaski National Monument in August. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Fort Pulaski National Monument in 2019. Data were stratified across two dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Tidal Wetlands and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands). Noteworthy findings include: Sixty-six vascular plant taxa were observed across 12 vegetation plots, including six taxa not previously known from the park. Plots were located on both Cockspur and McQueen’s Island. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Tidal Wetlands: smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora), perennial saltmarsh aster(Symphyotrichum enuifolium), and groundsel tree (Baccharis halimifolia) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), and cabbage palmetto (Sabal palmetto). Four non-native species identified as invasive by the Georgia Exotic Pest Plant Council (GA-EPPC 2018) were found during this monitoring effort. These species (and their overall frequency of occurrence within all plots) included: Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica; 17%), bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum; 8%), Vasey’s grass (Paspalum urvillei; 8%), and European common reed (Phragmites australis; 8%). Two rare plants tracked by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (GADNR 2013) were found during this monitoring effort. These include Florida wild privet (Forestiera segregata) and Bosc’s bluet (Oldenlandia boscii). Southern/eastern red cedar and cabbage palmetto were the most dominant species within the tree stratum of the maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type. Species that dominated the sapling and seedling strata of this type included yaupon, cabbage palmetto, groundsel tree, and Carolina laurel cherry (Prunus caroliniana). The health status of sugarberry (Celtis laevigata)—a typical canopy species in maritime forests of the South Atlantic Coastal Plain--observed on park plots appeared to be in decline, with most stems experiencing elevated levels of dieback and low vigor. Over the past decade, this species has been experiencing unexplained high rates of dieback and mortality throughout its range in the Southeastern United States; current research is focusing on what may be causing these alarming die-off patterns. Duff and litter made up the majority of downed woody biomass (fuel loads) across FOPU vegetation plots.
6
Zhao, Hui Yan, Sungha Kim, ChangSop Yang, and Mi Ju Son. Comparing acupoint catgut embedding and acupuncture therapies in simple obesity: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0014.
Abstract:
Review question / Objective: How effective are acupoint catgut embedding therapy sole or with other treatment? Condition being studied: Simple obesity. Information sources: We will search for trials from the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and the Cumulative index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Trials will also be searched from three Korean medical databases (Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS], Science-On and KoreaMed), a Chinese database (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI]) and a Japanese database (CiNii). Ongoing trials, trials will be searched on the Clinical Trials. gov (http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov), and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/). We will also check the reference lists of reviews and the retrieved articles for additional studies. All bibliographic information and articles will be managed using EndNote (X8.2; Clarivate Analytics, Philadelphia). If the data of study are missing or insufficient, we will contact the corresponding authors by email.
7
Zhao, Hui Yan, Sungha Kim, ChangSop Yang, and Mi Ju Son. Comparing acupoint catgut embedding and acupuncture therapies in simple obesity: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0014.
Abstract:
Review question / Objective: How effective are acupoint catgut embedding therapy sole or with other treatment? Condition being studied: Simple obesity. Information sources: We will search for trials from the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and the Cumulative index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Trials will also be searched from three Korean medical databases (Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS], Science-On and KoreaMed), a Chinese database (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI]) and a Japanese database (CiNii). Ongoing trials, trials will be searched on the Clinical Trials. gov (http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov), and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/). We will also check the reference lists of reviews and the retrieved articles for additional studies. All bibliographic information and articles will be managed using EndNote (X8.2; Clarivate Analytics, Philadelphia). If the data of study are missing or insufficient, we will contact the corresponding authors by email.
8
Yoozbashizadeh, Mahdi, and Forouzan Golshani. Robotic Parking Technology for Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Control Around Park & Rides. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1936.
Abstract:
A lack or limited availability for parking may have multiple consequences, not the least of which is driver frustration, congestion, and air pollution. However, there is a greater problem that is not widely recognized by the public, namely the negative effect on the use of transit systems due to insufficient parking spaces close to key transit stations. Automated parking management systems, which have been successfully deployed in several European and Japanese cities, can manage parking needs at transit stations more effectively than other alternatives. Numerous studies have confirmed that quick and convenient automobile access to park-and-ride lots can be essential to making public transit competitive with the automobile in suburban areas. Automated parking systems use a robotic platform that carries each vehicle to one of the locations in a custom designed structure. Each location is designed compactly so that considerably more vehicles can be parked in the automated garages than the traditional parking lots. Central to the design of these systems are three key technologies, namely: 1. Mechanical design and the operation of vehicle transfer, i.e., the robotic platform 2. Structural and architectural requirements to meet safety and earthquake standards, among other design imperatives, 3. Automation and intelligent control issues as related to the overall operation and system engineering. This article concerns the first technology, and more specifically the design of the robotic platform for vehicle transfers. We will outline the overall design of the robot and the shuttle, followed by a description of the prototype that was developed in our laboratories. Subsequently, performance related issues and scalability of the current design will be analyzed.