Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Japanese population'
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Williams, Mari. "Japanese population decline." Connect to resource, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/6454.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 13 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 13). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
Ishihara, Junichi. "Exploring Factors Affecting the Aging Prison Population in Japan." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1968005121&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textKinoshita, Futoshi. "Population and household change of a Japanese village, 1760-1870." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184818.
Full textWajiki, Yuichi. "Studies on Genetic Diversity and Its Maintenance in the Japanese Population of Japanese Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon)." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215226.
Full text陳國權 and Kwok-kuen Chan. "Population genetics of the Japanese eel: anguilla japonica (temminck & schlegel)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31234653.
Full textChan, Kwok-kuen. "Population genetics of the Japanese eel : anguilla japonica (temminck & schlegel) /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17545419.
Full textYuan, Qinghua. "Minisatellite M32 alleles show population specificity among Thai, Chinese and Japanese." Kyoto University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/124315.
Full textNaylor, Gregory Michael. "A comparison of gastritis between a UK and a Japanese population." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436436.
Full textSara, Stacey A. "The spatial distribution of Japanese beetles, Popillia japonica, in soybean fields /." View online, 2010. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131575445.pdf.
Full textTerao, Chikashi. "MBP and AIRE are genetic determinants for predisposition to rheumatoid arthritis in Japanese population." Kyoto University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/147344.
Full textHIRATA, HITOSHI, TAKANOBU NISHIZUKA, KATSUYUKI IWATSUKI, MICHIRO YAMAMOTO, MASAHIRO TATEBE, and SHUICHI KATO. "The Results of Volar Locking Plate Fixation for the Fragility Fracture Population with Distal Radius Fracture in Japanese Women." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/19488.
Full textOtani, Yosuke. "Feeding and reproductive strategies of ranging behavior in male Japanese macaques." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/189655.
Full textOzaki, Norio, Nakao Iwata, Kozo Kaibuchi, Masatoshi Takeda, Ryota Hashimoto, Toshiya Inada, Michio Suzuki, et al. "Resequencing and Association Analysis of the KALRN and EPHB1 Genes And Their Contribution to Schizophrenia Susceptibility." Thesis, Oxford University Press, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14925.
Full textDerrah, Richard. "GAKUNEN: TEACHER PRACTICES AT A PRIVATE JAPANESE HIGH SCHOOL IN THE EARLY 21st CENTURY." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/457873.
Full textPh.D.
This three-year study is an ethnography of communication of a private high school in Japan. The purpose of this study is to investigate how teachers at this private high school understand their environment in the context of changes in Japanese education and even larger changes in Japanese society. These changes include a decreasing population in Japan, shifting university admission policies, and changes to teacher licensing regulations. Methods of data collection include participant observations, interviews, artifact collection, and focus groups. Although the focus is on teachers, students and informants outside of the school are included in order to provide a fuller picture of the context in which the study is conducted. These data are viewed through the lens of Communities of Practice developed by Etienne Wenger and also through the Ethnography of Communication framework. The intended audience for this study includes people interested in cross-cultural studies, Japanese studies, educators teaching in or studying secondary education outside of Japan, teacher trainers, and western educators working in Japan as well as Japanese educators. The findings suggest that changes in student population numbers, university entrance requirements, and licensing procedures have all placed new demands upon teachers. Japan’s decreasing population places greater requirements upon teachers in private high schools to help with student recruitment, and one way to do this is by supporting efforts to brand the school name. In addition, shifting admission policies have placed an emphasis on the connection between high schools and their associated universities. Schools actively work to protect this relationship by introducing new elements to the curriculum in an attempt to better prepare students for the university experience. Finally, changes to teacher licensing regulations have introduced teacher training to private high schools as well as new members to the central community of practice in the school, the gakunen, or the group of teachers and students assigned to a year grade. The response to these new members has varied both among the newcomers and the teachers who were licensed before the changes were introduced. Further data collection and analysis reveal how other societal trends shape the local practices of teachers, and how the teachers in the gakunen community of practice work at times together, and at times to resolve conflicts with each other, students, and parents as they confront demands being placed on educators in Japan in the 21st century.
Temple University--Theses
Judge, Caren Ann. "Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum): Population dynamics and management for restoration of native plant communities." NCSU, 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06152005-111943/.
Full textJI, XIAOFEI, NAGAHIDE TAKAHASHI, ALEKSIC BRANKO, RYOKO ISHIHARA, TAKU NAGAI, AKIHIRO MOURI, SHINICHI SAITO, NOBUHISA MAENO, TOSHIYA INADA, and NORIO OZAKI. "AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SEROTONIN RECEPTOR 3B GENE (HTR3B) AND TREATMENT-RESISTANT SCHIZOPHRENIA (TRS) IN A JAPANESE POPULATION." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9647.
Full text小川, 一治, and Kazuharu OGAWA. "Analysis of leaf arrangement and light penetration in a Japanese cypress seedling population by the point quadrat method." 名古屋大学農学部付属演習林, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8665.
Full textSato, Yu. "Genetic research into Japanese golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos japonica) for conservation managements." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242652.
Full textNakamura, Noritaka. "Taxonomic and ecological studies on the root endophytic hyaloscyphaceous fungi associated with Fagaceae trees in Japanese secondary forests." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232350.
Full text0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第21149号
農博第2275号
新制||農||1059(附属図書館)
学位論文||H30||N5123(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科地域環境科学専攻
(主査)教授 田中 千尋, 教授 本田 与一, 准教授 刑部 正博
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Nishida, Makoto Marcio. "Two-Year Weight Loss but Not Body Mass Index Predicts Mortality and Disability in an Older Japanese Community-Dwelling Population." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253225.
Full textDodson, Thomas M. "Genetic and phenotypic variation in Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica) in the Eastern United States." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1247763089.
Full textHAMAJIMA, NOBUYUKI, HIROTAKA MATSUO, KENJI WAKAI, EMI MORITA, GUANG YIN, SAYO KAWAI, RIEKO OKADA, MARIKO NAITO, and SHINO SUMA. "ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS IN A JAPANESE POPULATION WERE SIGNIFICANTLY MODIFIED BY LRP2 rs2544390." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20552.
Full textShigetomi, Yosuke. "Study of Mid-Term Impact of Japanese Households on Formation of Low-Carbon Society from Consumption-Based Approach." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215644.
Full text0048
新制・課程博士
博士(エネルギー科学)
甲第19818号
エネ博第324号
新制||エネ||65(附属図書館)
32854
京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科エネルギー社会・環境科学専攻
(主査)教授 東野 達, 教授 宇根﨑 博信, 准教授 MCLELLAN,Benjamin
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Herpigny, Basile. "Comparative approach of population biology and functional ecology of Fallopia japonica, F. sachalinensis and F. xbohemica in Belgium." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209627.
Full textsusceptibles de sous-tendre des variations de capacité d'invasion, au sein du complexe de plantes envahissantes F. japonica, F. xbohemica et F. sachalinensis en Belgique. Ces trois taxons d'origine asiatique présentent un intérêt majeur en écologie des invasions car ils possèdent une aptitude à l'invasion contrastée bien qu'ils fassent partie du même complexe hybride, aient la même forme de vie, et la même distribution géographique.
En particulier, la thèse examine si Fallopia sachalinensis présente une combinaison particulière de traits fonctionnels liés à la capture et à l'utilisation des ressources susceptible d'expliquer sa capacité d'invasion plus faible. La thèse tâche également de déterminer si les hybrides sont intermédiaires entre les parents pour ces traits ou manifestent des propriétés originales susceptibles
d'entraîner un comportement plus invasif. Les traits fonctionnels pris en considération comprennent notamment l'architecture des parties aériennes, le SLA (surface foliaire spécifique), les teneurs foliaires en nutriments, la vitesse de décomposition des litières et la plasticité phénotypique de ces caractères. La stratégie scientifique repose sur trois approches complémentaires:
- des comparaisons in situ entre les taxons dans des sites ou ils coexistent;
- des cultures en conditions semi-contrôlées au jardin expérimental;
- une expérience de décomposition des litières.
Les résultats mettent en lumière la stratégie unique de capture et d'utilisation des ressources
de F. sachalinensis, ainsi que ses réponses plastiques moins adaptées (moins d'accroissement de la hauteur et de la surface foliaire totale en réponse a l'ombre, et de la biomasse et du nombre de tiges en réponse a une augmentation de la fertilité du sol). Cette stratégie contribue a sa capacité d'invasion plus faible en réduisant son efficacité d'utilisation et de capture de la lumière et des nutriments. D'autre part, l'hybride ne présente pas de valeurs transgressives pour les traits étudiés et est similaire à F. japonica en termes de traits et de plasticité. Toutefois, le nombre limité de
populations hybrides étudiées ne nous permet pas d'en conclure que l'hybride ne présente pas de
variation transgressive a l'échelle européenne. De plus, la variabilité génétique de l'hybride pourrait permettre une évolution future de sa capacité d'invasion, ce qui en fait une priorité pour la prévention et la gestion a l'échelle mondiale. / The objective of the thesis is to examine variation and evolution of functional traits that are susceptible to underlie variation of invasiveness in the invasive complex of Fallopia japonica, F. xbohemica and F. sachalinensis in Belgium. These three taxa originate from Asia and present a major interest in invasion ecology since they display contrasting invasiveness although they are part of the same hybrid complex, have the same life form and distribution area.
In particular, we ask if F. sachalinensis displays a specific combination of functional traits related to resource capture and use that is susceptible to explain its lower invasiveness. We also try to determine if the hybrids have intermediary trait values or if they show specific properties susceptible to increase their invasiveness. Functional traits measured include architecture, SLA (specific leaf area), nutrient foliar concentrations, litter decomposition rate and phenotypic plasticity of the same traits. Scientific strategy uses three different methods:
- in situ comparisons between the taxa in sites where they coexist;
- common gardens with semi controlled conditions;
- litter decomposition experiment.
Results show the unique strategy of F. sachalinensis concerning resource capture and use, as well as its less adaptive plastic responses (smaller increase of height and total leaf area in response to shade, and of biomass and shoot number in response to soil fertility). This strategy contributes to its lower invasiveness through a reduction in light and nutrient capture and use efficiency. The hybrid does not display transgressive variation for the studied traits and is similar to F. japonica concerning its traits and its plasticity. However, the limited number of hybrid accessions does not allow to conclude that the hybrid presents no transgressive variation throughout Europe. Moreover, genetic variability in the hybrid might allow future evolution of its invasiveness, making the hybrid a priority for prevention and management throughout the world.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Tanaka, Hideo, Kazuo Tajima, Toshiro Takezaki, Tetsuya Mitsudomi, Yasushi Yatabe, Toyoaki Hida, Isao Oze, et al. "Impact of smoking on lung cancer risk is stronger in those with the homozygous aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 null allele in a Japanese population." Thesis, Oxford University Press, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14923.
Full textPititto, Bianca de Almeida. "Efeitos de um programa de intervenção no estilo de vida sobre o perfil de risco cardiometabólico de uma população nipo-brasileira de alto risco cardiovascular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-04062009-160222/.
Full textIntroduction: High prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus type 2 and other cardiovascular risk factors, previously reported in the Japanese-Brazilian population, motivated an intervention program for change in lifestyle. Aims: To evaluate the effect of 2-year behavioral intervention on cardiometabolic profile of these individuals, independent of the glucose tolerance status at the beginning of the study. Methods: The availability of data regarding the period 2000-2005 provided information about the behavior of variables during the pre-intervention period. In 2005, 728 individuals started in the program; 650 were re-examined in 2006 and 500 in 2007. In each occasion, participants were scheduled for laboratory procedures, medical exams and visits with nutritionist and physical educator. Participants were scheduled for individualized dietary counseling and group sessions, focusing the achievement of the goals: 5% weight loss from baseline for individuals with excessive adiposity; 150 minutes/week of physical activities; intake £ 10% of saturated fat of total energy consumed per day; intake of 400g/day of fruits and vegetables. Results: Compared to the pre-intervention period, the changes in metabolic variables induced by the program were significantly more favorable. The impact of the program was dependent on the number of goals achieved in individuals without diabetes at baseline. Prevalence rates of glucose tolerance disturbances decreased after the first year of intervention (from 58.4% to 35.4%, p<0.001; and from 30.1% to 21.7%, p<0.001, respectively). After excluding individuals with diabetes at baseline, 71.7% of participants improved or maintained their glucose tolerance status (non-progressors) after 2-year intervention. Lower levels of CRP and the diagnosis of glucose intolerance at baseline were associated with improvement or maintenance of glucose tolerance status, adjusted age and anthropometric variables. Changes in lifestyle and anthropometric variables after intervention were not associated with non-deterioration of glucose tolerance status. Conclusion: The intervention induced benefits on cardiometabolic profile of the japanese-Brazilians with high cardiovascular risk after the first and second years of the program, independent of the glucose tolerance status at baseline. Most of the participants maintained or improved the glucose tolerance status following the intervention. Our findings suggest that lower levels of CRP and the presence of glucose intolerance at baseline may be predictive characteristics of those who benefit from this intervention strategy regarding non-deterioration of glucose metabolism, independent of body adiposity. This study should encourage health care providers to make efforts to achieve and maintain a healthy diet and physically active lifestyle in subsets of the population at high cardiometabolic risk.
Kowles, Katelyn A. "Dynamics of aggregation formation in Japanese beetles, Popillia japonica /." View online, 2009. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131559299.pdf.
Full textKitamura, Keiko. "Demographic Genetics of North American and Japanese Beech Populations." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/182014.
Full textSakai, Hiromichi. "Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Japanese Populations of the Dagger Nematode, Xiphinema americanum-Group." Kyoto University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157725.
Full textOhashi(Arai), Yuuki. "Retinitis Pigmentosa with EYS Mutations Is the Most Prevalent Inherited Retinal Dystrophy in Japanese Populations." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/217740.
Full textHatase, Hideo. "Studies on migration, dynamics, and genetic variation in Japanese loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) nesting populations." Kyoto University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/149503.
Full text0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第9778号
農博第1290号
新制||農||852(附属図書館)
学位論文||H14||N3709(農学部図書室)
UT51-2002-M156
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻
(主査)教授 坂本 亘, 教授 田中 克, 教授 林 勇夫
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Taniguchi, Yukio. "Genetic Diversities among Founder Populations of the Endangered Avian Species, the Japanese Crested Ibis and the Oriental Stork in Japan." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/204565.
Full text0048
新制・論文博士
博士(農学)
乙第12986号
論農博第2826号
新制||農||1038(附属図書館)
学位論文||H28||N4961(農学部図書室)
32456
名古屋大学大学院農学研究科生化学制御専攻
(主査)教授 祝前 博明, 教授 今井 裕, 教授 廣岡 博之
学位規則第4条第2項該当
Burkitt, Timothy David. "A comparison of ecology between sympatric native red deer (Cervus elaphus linnaeus 1758) and introduced Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon nippon temminck 1836) populations in southwest Ireland." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497326.
Full textEmbrey, Monica. "A Place Like This: An Environmental Justice History of the Owens Valley - Water in Indigenous, Colonial, and Manzanar Stories." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2009. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/72.
Full textChang, Ko-Wei, and 張格唯. "Otolith microchemistry to explore population structure for the Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99911770056853520835.
Full text國立臺灣大學
海洋研究所
104
A population is the basic unit for fisheries management and conservation. Consequently, to achieve effective fisheries management it is necessary to explore population structures and the processes related to population dynamics. In this study, we investigated population structure of the Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus, an important fisheries species with several spatial and seasonal spawning units near Taiwan coastal waters. Based on genetic analysis of larval samples, a previous study suggested weak spatial but potential within-location seasonal structuring for this species. However, as larval mortality is usually high, it is unclear if the observed larval population structure would hold true at the adult stage. Here, we explored variation in concentrations of trace elements in the cores of otoliths using the LA-ICP-MS for both larval and adult Japanese anchovies. Specifically, our sampling design involved using 64 larvae collected from Tamsui and Ilan in the spring and from Ilan in autumn, and 54 adults from bycatch samples from Tamsui, Ilan, and Penghu, during 2010-2013. Principal component analysis indicated that otolith core elemental compositions for the larval samples showed significant annual changes, but there were no significant spatial or seasonal patterns in the elemental compositions for either larval or adult samples. Furthermore, classification of larval samples based on the linear discriminant functions resulted in low correct classification rates (33.3%), indicating weak relationships in otolith core elemental compositions between larvae and adults. The lack of spatial or seasonal structuring for the otolith core elemental concentrations may reflect homogeneous habitat conditions, which might partially result from the relative small spatial scale in our study design. Nonetheless, based both on the previous and our studies, the inconspicuous population structure suggests that the Japanese anchovy may be a homogeneous population.
Hsieh, Ming-Hui, and 謝明惠. "Long term changes of population genetic structure of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81650079251770543160.
Full text國立臺灣大學
漁業科學研究所
100
Population genetic analysis is commonly used to examine, manage, and conserve widespread species. The Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica) is widely distributed in East Asia and its population size has dramatically declined since the 1970s. Recent studies using microsatellite loci indicate that panmixia was observed in A. japonica. There is no significant differentiation in the temporal or spatial scale of A. japonica, yet the historical demographics are not k now, such as whether the species suffered genetic bottlenecks, genetic drift, and/or inbreeding depression. We used 7 polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci from 13 geographic locations in East Asia, spanning from 22°N to 40°N, from 1985 to 2012 to understand the genetic diversity of A. japonica. Our data show that A. japonica still exhibits high genetic diversity in terms of average allelic richness (14.78) and observed heterozygosity (0.68–0.85). Inbreeding is rare (FIS= 0.066), and there is no genetic differentiation among annual cohorts (FST= 0.0069). The estimated mean effective population size (Ne) among the 26 years is modest (24.7 to infinity). In conclusion, there is no significant differentiation among annual groups of A. japonica. Simulation studies suggest that the population genetics of A. japonica has been stable for the past two decades, but might experience bottleneck in the past. No evidence of genetic bottleneck is found in the 26 annual cohorts. Accordingly, these data suggest that the population of A. japonica, under the current situation, does not face severe threat of losing genetic diversity.
SANG, ZI-GANG, and 桑自剛. "Use mitochondrial DNA sequences to evaluate the population structure of Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica)." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33387153249304697189.
Full textJudge, Caren A. "Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) population dynamics and management for restoration of native plant communities /." 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06152005-111943/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
Full textHsu, Li-Ching, and 許麗卿. "Japanese Encephalitis Incidence and the seroepidemiology of Neutralizing Antibody in Taiwan:A Population–based study." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61508496694588428600.
Full text國立陽明大學
公共衛生研究所
103
Background: A mass Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccination program targeting children was launched in Taiwan in 1968, and the number of pediatric JE cases substantially decreased thereafter. Despite the high rate of pediatric vaccination, in recent years the number of confirmed cases of JE in adults has increased. The aim of this study was to elucidate the long-term trend of JE incidence, and to estimate the seroprevalence of JE-neutralizing antibodies in the general population. Methods: The first part of this study primarily incorporated a total of 2,948 confirmed cases of JE from 1966 to 2012 along with descriptive statistical descriptions to determine the incidence of confirmed JE cases and the associated long-term trend. The second part of this study involved subjecting serum samples collected from 6,594 participants enrolled in the 2002 Taiwanese Survey on the Prevalence of Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia, and Hypertension (TwSHHH) to estimate the JE neutralizing antibody, using descriptive statistics to describe the neutralizing antibody seropositive rates among different birth cohorts, and analyzing the factors that affect Japanese encephalitis virus-neutralizing antibodies in a logistic regression model. The intended third part of this study involved the detection of JE neutralizing antibodies in paired serum samples collected from 4,129 participants in the 2002 and 2007 TwSHHH programs and an analysis of the participants via a modified Poisson regression model method to determine the differences in JE antibodies over the 5-year period with respect to gender, birth cohort, place of residence (e.g., urban and rural areas), and differences in the education level. Based on recent relative studies, the townships in Taiwan were re-grouped according to the degree of urbanization and sub-divided into urban and non-urban areas in order to analyze the seroprevalence of JE. Results: The incidence of confirmed JE cases in Taiwan exhibited a significant downward trend from 1966 to 2012 but seemed to increase slightly after 1998.The average annual JE incidence rate of the group aged 30 years and older was 0.167 cases per 100,000 people between 2001 and 2012, which was higher than the 0.052 cases per 100,000 people among those aged under 30 years. Regarding the birth cohort, since 2003, the incidence of JE was higher in the populations born between 1963 and 1975 and before 1962. On the other hand, a seroepidemiological survey also found that the seropositive rate of JE was the lowest in the population born between 1963 and 1975, who generally received two or three doses of the vaccine and were administered the last booster dose more than 20 years ago, exhibited the lowest positive rate of JE-neutralizing antibodies (47.6% to 62.5%). The highest and second highest antibody rates were observed, respectively, in the oldest unvaccinated cohort (86%) and in the youngest cohort born between 1981 and 1986, who received four doses 10–15 years ago (74%). The seropositive rate was higher among men than that among women (73.28% vs. 68.87%); in particular, the seropositive rate was significantly higher for men born before 1962 than that for women. However, since the period from 2002 to 2007, the seropositive rate of JE decreased from 71.8% to 66.4%; after conducting a further modified Poisson regression model analysis of the general Taiwanese population during a 5-year period, the excess relative risk (RDR) of a decrease in JE neutralizing antibodies was found to be 7.48%. Conclusions: Over the past decade, the main age group of the confirmed JE cases in Taiwan shifted from young children to adults over 30 years of age. This trend might be due to waning immunity or immunosenescence. Regarding the birth cohort, the incidence rates and the seroprevalence of JE were higher and lower, respectively, in the population born between 1963 and 1975. Furthermore, individuals born before 1962 were higher incidence and seroprevalence of JE. This population is a high-risk group for Japanese encephalitis. In addition, from 2002 to 2007, the RDR of an overall decrease in JE-neutralizing antibodies was found to be 7.48%, thus demonstrating a sign of receding JE antibodies. The maximum RDR for a neutralizing antibody decrease was observed in the younger generation. The phenomenon in which the RDR gradually decreased with increasing age was thought to be due to wanning immunity or a decline in JE natural infection in the environment. However, the annunal JE confirmed cases were approximately 30 from 2002 to 2007. Therefore, in addition to increasing the monitoring of JE, we recommend the implementation of a small-scale Japanese encephalitis vaccination pilot study for adults in high-risk groups and an evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of vaccination for future adult vaccination policy.
Chen, Chao-Sheng, and 陳朝聖. "Variation of Mitochondrial Control-Region Sequences and Population Phylogeny in Japanese White-eyes Zosterops japonica." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50550329848059425073.
Full text國立中山大學
生命科學研究所
84
The Zosterops japonica of the family Zosteropidiae, is widespread in southeast Asia. Two subspecies are found in Taiwan. Among the two, Z. j. simplex is common in Taiwan mainland and the Z. j. batanis occurs in the Orchid island（蘭嶼 ）and the Green island 綠島）. Morphological differences in terms of the bill width, body size and feather color exist between the two subspecies. Using PCR（Polymerase Chain Reaction ）, I amplified the variable control region of the mitochondrial DNA and sequenced different populations of Z. japonica from Mainland China（大陸）, Kaohsiung（高雄）, Nantou （南投）, Taitung（臺東）, Orchid island and Green island. The length of mitochondrial DNA control region is about 1034 bp. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of the central region of control region, the separation of the China-Taiwan populations and the Orchid-Green island populations is distinct. Assuming an origin of the Z. japonica in southeast Asia, the birds might spread their range to Mainland China and the Philippines from their species origin.
田村, 高志, and Takashi Tamura. "Significant association of urokinase plasminogen activator Pro141Leu with serum lipid profiles in a Japanese population." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20376.
Full textTseng, Mei-Chen, and 曾美珍. "Study on Population Structure of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica, using Microsatellites as Genetic Marker." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68777068797058048873.
Full text國立臺灣大學
動物學研究所
91
Six novel microsatellite loci, containing (GA)15~17 or (GT)10~19 perfect tandem repeats, were isolated and characterized for the catadromous eel Anguilla japonica. The allelic size of the six loci range from 79 to 226 bp in length. All loci are polymorphic with a mean number of 14.7 alleles per locus and a mean heterozygosity of 0.67, suggesting higher polymorphism than that of freshwater and anadromous fishes, but lower than that of marine fishes. Genotype diversity of the six loci ranged from 0.22 to 0.61 with a mean value of approximately 0.5. Cross-species amplification showed that five of the six microsatellite primers proved to be useful in addressing questions of population genetics for all Anguilla species. The catadromous Japanese eel has an unusual life history, however, controversy remains as to whether its population structure belongs to panmixia or genetic differentiation. The present study used six polymorphic microsatellite loci as genetic markers by which we were firmly able to reject the null hypotheses of panmixia and isolation-by-distance. A significant level of genetic differentiation was determined by Fst and Rst statistics when adjusted using Bonferroni correction. Japanese eel populations shown on the unrooted Neighbor-joining tree are largely divided into three groups: a low-latitudinal group (Shantou in S China, Tanshui, and Fangliao in Taiwan), a mid-latitudinal group (Mikawa Bay in Japan), and a high-latitudinal group (Daecheon-myon in Korea, Yalu River, and Hangzhou in NE China). We agree that the member-vagrant hypothesis fits the elver migration model according to the assignment test. These results suggest that the Japanese eel is distinguishable into three management units (high-, mid-, and low-latitudinal groups) that will be beneficial for further applications of fisheries conservation in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The existence of temporal genetic variations was tested for 6 polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci of 89 Japanese eel Anguilla japonica collected from a single location in the Tanshui River Estuary, northern Taiwan during 1997-1999. The high Nei’s genetic identity coefficients (0.868-0.941) and exact test of temporal genetic structure revealed no significant differentiation (p > 0.05) among cohorts. Parameters of genetic diversity were examined including mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) (0.695-0.732) and change in the total number of alleles per year (na) (73-81). Significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium appeared in five of 6 loci, due to an insufficient number of heterozygous individuals in all cohorts. A total of 22 private and 14 solitary missing alleles were found in all 6 loci. The decrease in numbers of total alleles and private alleles and the increased number of solitary alleles in consecutive years suggested that genetic polymorphism was gradually decreasing. By Bayesian parameters assay, we found that the effective population was declining. The demographic decline estimated to be 3500-8000 years ago, is significant due to large-scale events such as oceangeographic changes since the most recent glacial stage. Because of its world wide distribution when compared to other freshwater eels, Anguilla marmorata can hardly form a single population. Unlike the temperate eel A. japonica, A. marmorata elver has two peaks of recruitment periods. The present report deals with the comparative study of genetic structure of A. japonica and A. marmorata, and the geographical and seasonal genetic variations of tropical elvers in Vietnam and Taiwan using polymorphic microsatellite markers. Genetic homogenity of the Taiwan elver samples between summer and winter of 2001 indicates that all progeny of A. marmorata belonging to the same spawning group. Although A. marmorata larvae are drifted by different current systems, its genetic structure is highly identical (I = 0.790~0.917). A higher polymorphism in microsatellites further confirm the single population hypothesis of previous studies based on mtDNA data sets. The strong gene flow (Nm>1) among samples of different localities indicates it is a panmictic population in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Comparison of population structures suggest different migration pattern of elver existed between A. japonica and A. marmorata.
Liao, Yi-Fen, and 廖怡芬. "Spatial and temporal analysis of population genetic structure of the Japanese eel in Taiwan and Japan." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36959587406518702706.
Full text國立臺灣大學
漁業科學研究所
96
We use 6 polymorphic microsatellite loci and otolith increments to analyze population genetic structure and leptocephalus stages duration of Japanese eel from Taiwan and Japan between 2001 to 2002. We collected Japanese glass eel from Taiwan between 2007 to 2008 for growth experiment. In this study, we aim to clarify how the eel populations are distributed. Results showed very low genetic differentiation among recruits with insignificant differences (overall FST = 0.00015, p = 0.60). In multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis, there are no specific spatial or temporal correlations between recruits, indicating no significant genetic differentiation in spatial and temporal scale. The mean larval durations of Japanese eel in Taiwan were significantly shorter than those in Japan (101.4 ± 9.0 d). The larval durations between early recruits (89.3 ± 8.3 d) and late recruits (92.4 ± 10.8 d) of Taiwan showed no significant difference (p = 0.36). There was also no significant genetic differentiation between samples with short or long larval durations (overall FST = 0.0026, P = 0.11), suggesting no correlation between larval duration and population genetic structure of Japanese eel. The mean total length and weight of early recruits, after 60 days culture, had no significant difference between groups reared at 25℃ and 31℃. The mean total length of late recruits reared under 31℃ is significantly longer than those reared under 25℃, but the mean weight under the two temperatures had no significant difference. Our results support the panmictic population of the Japanese eel. There may be no north and south populations between eels from Taiwan and Japan. The variation on length of leptocephalus stage is likely an acclimation, which depends on the environmental conditions, but not caused by heritability.
Green, Madelyn K. "The estimation of Japanese and Native American ancestry using dental metric measurements and morphological trait frequencies." Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/36527.
Full textChang, Kai-Chieh, and 張凱傑. "Temporal variation of population genetic structure of the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) elvers in the estuary of northern Taiwan." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86707295335817924903.
Full text國立臺灣大學
漁業科學研究所
93
Japanese eel Anguilla japonica is a catadromous fish, widely distributed in northeastern Asia, south from Taiwan, through mainland China, Korea and north to Japan. The spawning ground of the eel is located in the west of Mariana Islands (15°N, 140°E). The leaf-like larve leptocephali are drifted westward with North Equatorial Current and then turn northward with Kuroshio near Philippines. At arriving continental shelf, they metamorphose to glass eel, and become pigmented elver in the estuaries. Japanese eel is presumed not a single population due to their broad distribution. Previous studies based on Isozymes analyses found a geographic decline in the population of Japanese eel, but the results from mitochondrial DNA analyses found no significant differences among population genetic structure and concluded that Japanese eel is a panmictic population. Moreover, recent study by microsatellite DNA indicates that they may have different spawning populations among different locations but the temporal genetic variation still remained controversial. According to the otolith daily growth increments study, backcalculated hatching date discovered that elvers recruit to Taiwan coast at different winter months were spawned by different stocks. Therefore, present study aims to use polymorphic microsatellite loci in the genomic DNA to examine the temporal variation of population genetic structure of the eel in Taiwan. The Japanese eel elvers were collected at 4 consecutive months between November 2000 and March 2001 from the estuary of Tanshui River in Taiwan. The mean observed heterozygosity (H0) and change in the total number of alleles were compared among months. The genetic differentiation indices indicate that the difference in genetic structure was not significant among months (FST=0.001, P= 0.482). This implies that the elvers recruited to the estuary of north Taiwan in the different months were coming from the same spawning population. The population structure of Japanese eel elvers appearing in northern Taiwan remained temporally constant in the same geographic region among months.
椎野, 智子, and Tomoko Shiino. "COMMON VARIANTS IN BCL9 GENE AND SCHIZOPHRENIA IN A JAPANESE POPULATION: ASSOCIATION STUDY, META-ANALYSIS AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION ANALYSIS." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20403.
Full textHuang, Shang-Wei, and 黃尚偉. "An Estimation of Population of Taiwan During the Japanese Goverence Based on Prefecture and Province Jurisdiction - Related to Unifying Local Administrative Border." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jwza8q.
Full text國立暨南國際大學
經濟學系
96
Local administrative border in Taiwan during the Japanese governance, falls along with first-degree local administration unit has the change. Comes time by the beginning of the Japanese people changes frequently. In during short seven years, there were still seven changes in the first-degree local administrative border. Especially changed by May, 1895 to November three time is fiercest. Demonstrated at the beginning of the Japanese people comes when unsuitable and the Taiwan military force revolt is intense regarding the Taiwan manners and customs. First-degree local administrative border delimit, was the county govern from 1895 to 1900, the unit is the county, the province or the civil administration branch. Was the province govern from 1901 to 1919, the unit is the province. Was the prefecture govern from 1920 to 1945, the unit is the prefecture or the province. Second-degree local administrative border delimit, the political divisions the agency, institute or caresses cultivating bureau in the province governs the time. The political divisions the subprefecture in the province governs the time. The political divisions the city, the district, the subprefevture in the prefecture governs time. Third-degree local administrative border delimit, the political divisions the subagency in the county governs the time. The political divisions the district in the province governs the time. The political divisions the town, the village, and the district in the prefecture governs the time. Only has the county and the province governs the time disvision the towns and the villages in the fourth-degree local administrative division. But to 1919 up, the population computation unit still is Li-Pao-Hsiang-Ao(里堡鄉澳) which time divided for Zheng Chenggong and did not suppose the chief executive, therefore is not the official administrative unit. The different time but the same name administrative division representative significance is completely different. Complex it can be imagined. In 1920, administrative division have a big reform in Taiwan, division five prefects and two provinces. Foundation delimits which for today administrative division.. Ceremoniously, links the administrative division and the population statistic unit. This article will reorganize the evolution and the change in administrative division in Taiwan during the Japanese governance. Tries to "the prefect" to do the local administration unit to Taiwan under Japanese rule for 51 years administrative division population development Enable the Taiwan local administrative system to have an complete and the consistent foundation.
Shao, Chih-Tung, and 邵志桐. "Long term changes of habitat quality and its relation to Japanese eel Anguilla japonica of population decline in Yilan, Fengshan and Kaoping Rivers." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32346302386180892446.
Full text國立臺灣大學
漁業科學研究所
103
The Japanese eel Anguilla japonica is an important aquaculture species in Japan, Korea, Taiwan and China. Although artificial propagation has been successfully developed in Japan, the cost is still too high to reproduce glass eel for aquaculture. The glass eels needed are still for aquaculture completely depending on the wild stock caught at river mouths. However, eel stocks have been rapidly declining since the 1970s. Furthermore, with urbanization and constant expansion of industrialization in these countries, the natural habitats of eels have been severely damaged. In this study, Arc GIS and River Pollution Index (RPI) were integrated to establish the long-term changes (between 1970-2010) of river habitat quality index (HQI). The result show that during 1970-2010 the HQI of the Yilan River dreceased from 2.3 to 0.2, the HQI of the Fengshan River decreased from 5.1 to 1.7 and the HQI of the Kaoping Rivers decreased from 73.3 to 6.8. The HQIs of Yilan River, Fengshan River and Kaoping River decrease 92%, 68%, and 91%, respectively, in the past 4 decades. The quality of eel river habitat has been significantly decreased. To estimate the eel population size, according to the restocking projects of the Japanese eel from the Council of Agriculture during recent years, we collected the available data for the years 2001-2002 and 2011-2013 and use Chapman’s mark-recapture method to calculate the eel abundance. It was found that the total population size were around 2429 eels in Yilan River, 5495 eels in Fengshan River and 12016 eels in Kaoping River. The Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that the relationships between HQI and the amount of resources in the existing rivers was significantly positively correlated (p<0.05). In conclusion, HQI could be used for the evaluation why fast and large-scale eel abundance evaluation.
Wang, Ho-An, and 王和安. "The Development of Mountain Areas and Population Structure in Southern Taiwan during the Japanese Occupation:A Case Study of Chia-Hsien and Liou-Guei Towns." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09990724525334937854.
Full text國立中央大學
歷史研究所
95
This article is based on a discussion of Hakka migration and the development of the camphor industry in Chia-Hsien and Liou-Guei Towns. The concepts of colonial governmentality and local elites are used to analyze the colonial policies of Japanese colonial authorities. Colonial policies for developing the mountain areas of Southern Taiwan included migration control, improvements in sanitation, managing the “Raw” aborigines, and developing the camphor industry. Moreover, this article will discuss Hakka migration from Hsinchu Prefecture (current Taoyuan, Hsinchu, and Miaoli counties) to Chia-Hsien and Liou-Guei Towns after 1895. Furthermore, the links between the migrants and camphor industry will be discussed in detail. The difference between the Hakka people of Chia-Hsien and Liou-Guei and of Kaohsiung was that the former were “instructed” to move from Hsinchu Prefecture to the towns by the Japanese colonial authorities, in order to meet economic needs and demands. In the past, the Japanese paid much attention to the development of camphor, while, at the same time, the Hakka people had professional knowledge and skills in camphor extraction, and Chia-Hsien and Liou-Guei Towns provided abundant and natural camphor resources. Therefore, these three related conditions established the foundation for the local camphor industry. Because Chia-Hsien and Liou-Guei Towns are located in mountain areas, in order to have effective development in camphor industry, the Japanese colonial authorities had to overcome and improve two big problems, attacks by the “Raw” aborigines and poor hygienic conditions. In order to obtain the needed resource of camphor, to manage the relationship with aborigines was crucial for the Japanese. Moreover, during the early days when Japanese came to Taiwan, many young people died of infectious diseases. As a result, in order to maintain sufficient labor force, one primary task was to improve the hygienic conditions, thus strengthening people’s (Japanese and Taiwanese) immune systems. During this period, the Taiwan Governor-General Office implemented the idea of colonial governmentality to migration control, improvements in sanitation, and management of “Raw” aborigines, thereby successfully developing the local camphor industry. Finally, for obtaining resources effectively, the colonial authorities made plans to introduce a new labor force (Hakka migrants) in large numbers, and they had to ensure that there was no loss in manpower due to the bad hygienic conditions. Due to the effective use of state power to manage conditions and improve the hygienic environment, the Japanese colonial authorities achieved success in the camphor industry. Regarding numbers migrants from Hsinchu Prefecture during the process of camphor industry development, there is one big issue to be discussed, “How many migrants moved to Chia-Hsien and Liou-Guei to participate in the work of the camphor industry due to the actions of the Japanese colonial authorities? How many migrants moved to this area without authorization and voluntarily?” The reasons for these immigration phenomena could be analyzed in much more details if the above two questions could be answered. After the successful development in camphor industry, the migrants and their descendants became leading figures in the society. Especially after World War II, these newcomers became local township heads, and the Hakka people took over the political power in the town. In addition, the Hakka immigrants also made a great impact upon local cultures. One instance is the introduction of Flag of Heroes, which brought in the belief in the Heroes cult. After the war, temple of “Chia-Hsien’s Heroes Pavilion for Rewarding Loyalty” was built, and it also became a popular local sacred site. Besides that, the essential food supply for camphor workers during the period, “taro”, was planted pervasively after WWII. This particular vegetable also turned out to be a key symbol for the current tourism and culture industries in Chia-Hsien Town, with a large “Chia-Hsien Taro Festival” being held annually nowadays.
Lee, Tsu-Chia, and 李祖嘉. "On the Reformation of the Japanese Local Self-government︰an inspection from its social context of low birth rate, population ageing, and local depopulation." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11815249889697666949.
Full text淡江大學
亞洲研究所碩士班
100
The main idea of this paper is to try to make an analysis on the Japanese local self-government reformation at the end of the 20th century. Furthermore, the research under that idea should be capable of providing a clear thread of the entire reformation as well as its social and history backgrounds, and of checking if the reformation succeeded in any goals it intended to achieve. During the globalization and the world-wide reformation of government administration, Japan made reformations on both central government and local self-government. The political centralization of the Japanese nation power began early from the Meiji era and resulted in various problems nowadays including the so-called Tokyo centralization. These problems accompanied by the depopulation in non-Tokyo areas and the rapid declining of the birth rate all over the country are responsible for the local devitalization in non-Tokyo areas. This research begins with the population ageing and the depopulation problems by means of both literature review and field research. In the field research, the problems people encountered and the efforts they made can be derived and shown at first hand. Under such knowledge and backgrounds, this research re-confirms the so-called ‘30% self-government’ phenomenon and therefore concludes that it is hard to say that the entire reformation succeeded in reaching any goals at any level. Nevertheless, the situation changed dramatically in recent years. The turning point is that the local citizens, instead of the central government itself or the political elites, start to make their ways to revitalize local area by their own hands to meet their particular needs. Such ideas are founded in the arguments, such as Osaka Metropolis Plan and the Federated State. The research illustrates the interaction between this kind of local revitalization activities and the Tokyo centralization phenomenon, and then takes one step further towards the future reformation of the Japanese local self-government.