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Journal articles on the topic "Jatropha curcas seed oil"
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Wu, Jun, and Junhui Zhang. "Research and Development of Natural Vegetable Insulating Oil Based on Jatropha curcas Seed Oil." Energies 13, no. 17 (August 20, 2020): 4319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174319.
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Jatropha curcas is a natural non-food resource with high oil-content seeds, that has attracted worldwide attention as it is an ideal renewable resource for the production of biofuels. With the increasing use of vegetable insulating oil in related industries, it is valuable to develop the vegetable insulating oils from Jatropha curcas seed oil. This study explores how to use Jatropha curcas seed oil to prepare high-quality natural vegetable insulating oil. A six-step process is first established according to the optimization results of alkali refining, activated clay treatment and alumina treatment of Jatropha curcas seed oil, combined with cold treatment, water washing and high temperature decompression treatment. Physicochemical and electrical performance tests show that most of the properties of the prepared vegetable insulating oil are significantly improved compared with the original seed oil, and meet the standard requirements for vegetable insulating oil, especially with no sulfur corrosion, a breakdown voltage of 72 kV and an acid value (KOH, potassium hydroxide) of 0.012 mg/g.
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Abobatta, Waleed. "Jatropha curcas: an overview." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE 10 (February 28, 2019): 1650–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v10i0.8145.
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Jatropha curcas L. belongs to family Euphorbiaceae, Jatropha curcas is a valuable multi-purpose crop, historically it was used as medicine for wounds and leaves used as drinks against malaria, jatropha plants used to control soil degradation, alleviate erosion, desertification and increase soil fertility, however, in last decades there is more attention to use jatropha oil for produce biodiesel, Jatropha curcas is easily propagated by seeds or stem cutting, it is tolerant for drought for longtime, it is grow well with treated wastewater, also, it can be grown on marginal land. Jatropha curcas seed have about 32-40% valuable oil used to produce biofuel, therefore, it could be the source for biodiesel production particularly in arid and semiarid regions.
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Kurniawati, Dini, and Iis Siti Aisyah. "The Potent of Carrier Oil on Pretreatment of Crude Jatropha Curcas Oil." Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material, and Manufacturing Engineering 5, no. 1 (May 31, 2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jemmme.v5i1.12336.
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Jatropha curcas oil is a seed oil or bio-oil, which has advantages compared to others plant’s seed-oil. The advantage of this oil is due to the fact that Jatropha oil does not compete with the food sector. In this research, the potential carrier oil testing was conducted to seek a way in improving the performance of Jatropha oil as lubricant oil, coolant or biodiesel. For this purpose, Jatropha oil was mixed with the other carrier oils in the variation of 0 – 45 %. Each variation was tested to obtain kinematic viscosity and density values. The results of this research was the carrier oils has the potential to be used as the mixing material since it can improve the physical properties of Jatropha oil, before the next process. Kinematic viscosity and density of Jatropha oil decreases as more percentage of mixed carrier oil was added.
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Premjet, Duangporn, Abraham Kusi Obeng, Hah Young Yoo, Seung Wook Kim, and Siripong Premjet. "Physicochemical Characterization of Jatropha podagrica Seed Oil for Potential Biodiesel Production and other Industrial Applications in Thailand." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5001-09.
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Jatropha is considered as one of the most promising potential oil sources for biodiesel production and other industrial applications. However, research on the potential of Jatropha seed oil is mainly focused on Jatropha curcas, with other species receiving little attention. The physicochemical properties of J. podagrica seed oil was studied to determine its potential as feedstock for biodiesel production and other industrial applications in Thailand. The seed oil was extracted with n-hexane from milled kernels using the soxhlet extractor and subsequently characterised for free fatty acids, iodine value, viscosity, saponification value, density, and acid value. The fatty acid profile of the seed oil was also analysed using gas chromatography (GC). Analysis of the physical properties of the J. podagrica seed kernel showed lower average physical characteristics when compared to those of J. curcas seed kernel. J. podagrica seeds had high oil content comparable to J. curcas oil content. The main fatty acid components of the seed oil were oleic acid (15%) and linoleic acid (70%). Generally, the results of the physicochemical analysis indicated that J. podagrica seed oil would be very useful for the production of soap and shampoo in Thailand. To produce biodiesel from the seed oil, a two-step acid-catalysed transesterification process would be appropriate.
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Müller, M., Š. Horníčková, P. Hrabě, and J. Mařík. "Analysis of physical, mechanical and chemical properties of seeds and kernels of Jatropha curcas ." Research in Agricultural Engineering 61, No. 3 (June 2, 2016): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10/2014-rae.
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The research was performed to examine the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of seeds and kernels of Jatropha curcas. The test parameters were the dimensions of the seeds and kernels, required energy for oil extraction, determination of fatty acids in the oil by gas chromatography method, determination of the iodine value, determination of the acid value, determination of total polyphenols by the Folin & Ciocault reagent and determination of tocopherols and tocotrienols (vitamin E) by High-performance liquid chromatography. It was ascertained that the size of the seed and kernel varies considerably. Pressing of whole seeds needs more energy (50%) than pressing of kernels. From a chemical point of view it seems to be very appropriate for a production of biofuels. Jatropha curcas contains more polyphenols and vitamin E, which act as antioxidants, than the rape. Due to the low content of unsaturated fatty acids it is chemically suitable to replace the rape-seed oil with Jatropha curcas oil.
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Maurya, Ramanuj, Umesh Kumar, Ratna Katiyar, and Yadav Kumar. "Correlation and path coefficient analysis in Jatropha curcas L." Genetika 47, no. 1 (2015): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1501063m.
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Correlation and path analysis on 80 diverse accessions of J. curcas showed that seed weight/plant was significantly and positively associated with female flower/plant, male flower/plant, number of flower/plant, number of seed/plant, fruit weight/plant, seed width and negatively associated with oil content. Oil content was negatively and significantly correlated with all the traits studied with strong negative association with female flower/plant followed by male flower/plant, number of seed/plant, fruit weight/plant and seed weight/plant. Male flower per plant had the maximum direct effect on seed yield, followed by number of seeds/plant, seed width, number of fruits/plant and oil content. The results of the present investigations suggests that selection in J. curcas based on male flower/plant, number of fruit/plant, number of seeds/plant, seed width and oil content would be advantageous to achieve the desirable goals. The indirect selection through other component traits would also be rewarding to improve the seed yield.
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Cañadas-López, Álvaro, Diana Rade-Loor, and Carlos Molina-Hidrovo. "In situ assessment of Jatropha curcas germplasm under tropical dry forest conditions in Manabí-Ecuador." Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 73, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 9273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v73n3.85788.
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Jatropha germplasm accessions need an assessment of their traits to evaluate the nature and magnitude of the genetic variability among accessions. The objective of this research was to evaluate the phenotypic behavior of 130 Jatropha curcas L. (Jatropha) accessions and the genetic variability of selected Jatropha accessions. The selected variables were assessed between 2008-2014 based on the number of fruits per tree (FP), the number of seeds per fruit (SpF), weight of 100 dry seeds (100SW), seed length (SL), seed width (SW), smallest deviation standard as regular seed production (RP), highest deviation standard as irregular seed production (IP), seed oil content (Oil), seed production in g per tree (SP). Correspondence Analysis techniques were also applied in selected elite Jatropha accessions. The genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficient between seed length, seed width, 100-seed weight and oil content for selected Jatropha accessions were applied. Variance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation, heritability (broad-sense) and genetic advance were calculated for several Jatropha phenotypic characteristics. CP041, CP052, CP037, CP054, CP060, CP122, CP118, CP120, CP121 INIAP Jatropha accessions were selected basically for SP and FP. A high statistically significant correlation (genotypic and phenotypic) between seed length – seed width was obtained from the chosen Jatropha accessions. Genetic association in the characteristics of growth and production highlighted the low phenotypic diversity in the Jatropha Portoviejo Research Station (EEP) of the National Institute for Agricultural and Cattle Ranching Research (INIAP) germplasm bank. There is an urgent need to improve the germplasm resource by obtaining new accessions, mainly from countries considered as centers of origin of the species.
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Ružbarský, Juraj, Miroslav Müller, Jan Mareček, and Milan Geršl. "Jatropha curcas – Analysis of Gross Calorific Value." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 62, no. 6 (2014): 1381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201462061381.
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In recent years biofuels have obtained a considerable interest, due to the implementation of ruling and gradual replacement of fossil fuels. One of production steps at gaining the oil is a pressing process. Wastes come into being from this process. These wastes are used as feed, fertilizer prospectively as fuel. A contemporary scientific literature pays attention namely to one of prospective produces which is a produce of the tropical and subtropical zones Jatropa curcas. Tests were performed at Jatropha Curcas seeds of a brown colour (that means gnaw). The aim of a research is an analysis of Jatropa curcas seed from the utilization point of view of the gross calorific value. The basic instrument to evaluate the gross calorific value of each variant of the experiment was a calorimeter PARR 6200 and digital scales for accurate laboratory weighing.
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S, Bilal. "Production of biolubricant from Jatropha curcas seed oil." Journal of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science 4, no. 6 (September 30, 2013): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jcems2013.0164.
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Makinde, Aderemi I., Kehinde O. Oyekale, and David S. Daramola. "Impact of Seed Size on the Seedling Vigour, Dry Matter Yield and Oil Content of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.)." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 3 (February 15, 2020): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n3p197.
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Seed size is a trait of the plant that affects seed germination and seedling survival. This study aims to assess the growth response of J. curcas to different seed sizes. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of J. curcas seed sizes on the seedling vigour and seed component. The seeds were fractioned into three sizes visually into: large, medium and small and by 1000 seeds weight (SW). Seedling vigour was assessed by: germination % (G%), seedling length cm (SL), seedling vigour index, SVI, seedling growth rate, SGR, and speed of germination, SOG as well as proportion of cake, shell and oil content (OC) expressed as% of the seed. Results obtained shows that G% and the SOG were not affected by seed sizes but by other factors within the seed. However, seedling vigour expressed as SL, SVI and SGR increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with increase in seed sizes. Proportion of cake, shell and oil component of J. curcas seeds increased with increasing seed sizes while 60% of the seed is made up of the cake from where the oil is extracted. Dry matter yield, DMY significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased with increase in seed size from 6.41 g/plant in large seeds to 2.61 g/plant in small seeds. There is positive and strong significant correlation between, SW and DMY (r = 0.91**), yield increase (r = 0.82**), OC (r = 0.85**), % cake (r = 0.94**). Findings revealed that larger seed had higher potential of producing vigorous plants with eventual high crop yield and higher OC.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Jatropha curcas seed oil"
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Rizzardo, RÃmulo Augusto Guedes. "The africanized honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) for pollination and seed oil production in Jatropha curcas (L.)." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7808.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoThe purpose of this thesis was to investigate the feasibility of using the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) for pollination and yield increment in Jatropha curcas L. crops. Therefore, the floral biology and pollination process of J. curcas were studied as well as the foraging behavior and pollination efficiency of A. mellifera in this crop by the introduction of four colonies in a hectare. The work was carried out in a five years-old commercial plantation comprising 10ha, in the state of PiauÃ, (08Â32â19,0âS and 43Â56â19,7âW, 220 meters above sea level), Brazil, from March to July, 2009. Flowers were presented in protogynous inflorescences and the anthesis and most of pollen presentation took place mainly in the morning shift. Inflorescences last, in average, 20 days, with female flowers concentrating in the first third of the period and male flowers predominating in the second third, in a relation of 18.1:1 male/ female flower. Although this may favor xenogamy, the stigma receptivity lasts for, at least, five days ensuring the flower to reach the period of most pollen release in its own inflorescence, facilitating the occurrence of geitonogamy. Flowers pollinated up to four days after anthesis did not differ (p>0.05) in fruit setting to those pollinated in the first, second or third day after anthesis. Foraging by A. mellifera occurs throughout the day and peaks between 13h00min and 15h00min and is characteristic of nectar harvesting both in male and female flowers. Only one visit by A. mellifera to J. curcas flowers set 100% producing results similar (p>0,05) to those from manual xenogamy (96%), manual geitonogamy (94%) and open pollination (93%). However, only one visit by a bee was not enough to maximize the oil content per seed (213mg) in comparison to the open pollination and geitonogamy treatments (both 250mg). Besides that, it was possible to observe that geitonogamy led to greater oil production than xenogamy (237mg). It is concluded that A. mellifera is an efficient pollinator of this crop. The introduction of four honey bee colonies per hectare maximize oil production and produce the best results for all parameters studied. Furthermore, only one visit by the honey bee to J. curcas flowers was enough to prevent pollination deficit in this crop.
O objetivo desta tese foi investigar a possibilidade da utilizaÃÃo de Apis mellifera L. na polinizaÃÃo e incremento de produtividade da cultura do pinhÃo manso (Jatropha curcas L.). Para tanto, foi estudado a biologia floral e a polinizaÃÃo do pinhÃo manso bem como o comportamento forrageiro e a eficiÃncia polinizadora de Apis mellifera. O trabalho foi realizado em 10ha de plantio comercial jà estabelecido, com cinco anos de idade, no estado do PiauÃ, (08Â32â19,0âS e 43Â56â19,7âW e 220 metros de altitude), entre os meses de marÃo e julho de 2009. A antese das flores do pinhÃo manso, distribuÃdas em cimos com carÃter protogÃnico, ocorre basicamente no perÃodo matinal, bem como a maior oferta de pÃlen. As inflorescÃncias duram, em mÃdia, 20 dias, com maior concentraÃÃo de flores femininas no terÃo inicial e de masculinas, no terÃo mÃdio, com relaÃÃo de 18,1 flores masculinas para cada feminina. Embora esse fato favoreÃa a xenogamia, a receptividade do estigma por, pelo menos, cinco dias, garante a flor alcanÃar o perÃodo de maior oferta de pÃlen no prÃprio cimo, oportunizando a geitonogamia. As flores polinizadas atà o quarto dia frutificam da mesma forma que aquelas polinizadas no primeiro, segundo e terceiro dias apÃs antese, nÃo havendo diferenÃas significativas. O forrageamento por A. mellifera ocorre durante todo o dia, com maior pico entre 13h00m e 15h00m e à tÃpico de coleta de nÃctar, tanto nas flores masculinas quanto nas femininas. Apenas uma visita da abelha Ãs flores acarreta em 100% de vingamento, mostrando resultado semelhante, (p>0,05), aos tratamentos de xenogamia manual (96%), geitonogamia manual (94%), e polinizaÃÃo aberta (93%). PorÃm, uma visita apenas, nÃo à suficiente para produzir maior quantidade de Ãleo por semente (213mg), em comparaÃÃo com o tratamento de polinizaÃÃo aberta, e por geitonogamia (250mg). AlÃm disto, foi possÃvel constatar que hà maior produÃÃo de Ãleo por geitonogamia e nÃo por xenogamia (237mg). Conclui-se que a Apis mellifera à um polinizador eficiente da cultura. Sua introduÃÃo, com quatro colÃnias por hectare, maximiza a produÃÃo de Ãleo e produz os melhores resultados para todos os parÃmetros avaliados. AlÃm disso, apenas uma visita da abelha melÃfera Ãs flores do pinhÃo manso à suficiente para prevenir dÃficit de polinizaÃÃo.
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Jereissati, Camila Barbosa Pinheiro. "Proteomic analysis of plastids the endosperm of developing seeds of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.)." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=13786.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorJatropha curcas L. is a plant native to America and belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family. Currently it is gaining economical interest mainly because it is an oilseed crop with potential to produce biodiesel. However, presence of phorbol esters (a class of diterpenes) that are the major toxic constituents of the seeds, limits a better usage of the plant, by making the use of the residue, obtained after the oil extraction from the seeds, unfeasible for animal feed, due to its pro-carcinogenic activity and inflammatory action. Proteomic analysis of the plastids isolated from developing seeds of Jatropha is important because the synthesis of fatty acid as well as phorbol esters, the two most attractive compounds in the study of Jatropha curcas, occur in plastids. Proteomic analysis of this organelle is crucial to better understand and explore not only the biosynthetic pathway of these two compounds but other metabolic pathways , and addtionaly providing foundation for researchs that aimed to develope genotypes with more suitable characteristics for industrial applications. In this study, we performed a proteomic analysis of plastids isolated from the endosperm of developing Jatropha curcas seeds that were in the initial stage of deposition of protein and lipid reserves. Proteins extracted from the plastids were digested with trypsin, and the peptides were applied to an EASY-nano LC system coupled online to an ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap Velos mass spectrometer, and this led to the identification of 1103 proteins representing 804 protein groups, of which 923 were considered as true identifications, and this considerably expands the repertoire of J. curcas proteins identified so far. Of the identified proteins, only five are encoded in the plastid genome, and none of them are involved in photosynthesis, evidentiating the nonphotosynthetic nature of the isolated plastids. Homologues for 824 out of 923 identified proteins were present in three different plastids proteins databases i.e. PPDB, SUBA and PlProt, while homologues for 13 proteins were not found in any of these three databases but were marked as plastidial by at least one of the three prediction programs used (TargetP, ChloroP and PlantMPloc). Functional classification showed that proteins belonging to amino acids metabolism comprise the main functional class, followed by carbohydrate, energy, and lipid metabolisms. The small and large subunits of Rubisco were identified, and their presence in plastids is considered to be an adaptive feature counterbalancing for the loss of one-third of the carbon as CO2 as a result of the conversion of carbohydrate to oil through glycolysis. While several enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of several precursors of diterpenoids were identified, we were unable to identify any terpene synthase/cyclase, which suggests that the plastids isolated from the endosperm of developing seeds do not synthesize phorbol esters. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the major biosynthetic pathways and certain unique features of the plastids from the endosperm of developing seeds at the whole proteome level.
O pinhÃo manso (Jatropha curcas L.) à uma planta nativa da AmÃrica, pertencente à famÃlia Euphorbiaceae. Atualmente, ela desperta interesse econÃmico principalmente por se tratar de uma oleaginosa com potencial para a produÃÃo de biodiesel. Entretanto, a presenÃa de Ãsteres de forbol (uma classe de diterpeno), que sÃo os principais constituintes tÃxicos das sementes, limita uma melhor utilizaÃÃo dessa planta, por inviabilizar o uso do resÃduo de extraÃÃo do Ãleo das sementes na alimentaÃÃo animal, bem como, por apresentar atividade prÃ-carcinogÃnica e aÃÃo inflamatÃria. A anÃlise proteÃmica de plastÃdeos, isolados de sementes em desenvolvimento de pinhÃo manso, à uma importante vertente de estudo, pois tanto a sÃntese de Ãcidos graxos como dos Ãsteres de forbol, os dois compostos mais atrativos no estudo de Jatropha curcas, ocorrem nos plastÃdeos. O estudo proteÃmico dessa organela torna-se crucial para melhor compreender e explorar nÃo somente as vias biossintÃticas desses dois compostos, como de outras vias metabÃlicas, alÃm de proporcionar um conjunto de dados que pode ser utilizado em pesquisas voltadas para o desenvolvimento de genÃtipos com caracterÃsticas mais adequadas para aplicaÃÃes industriais. No presente trabalho, realizou-se uma anÃlise proteÃmica de plastÃdeos isolados do endosperma de sementes em desenvolvimento do pinhÃo manso, que estavam nos estÃgios iniciais de deposiÃÃo de lipÃdios e proteÃnas de reserva (25-30DAA), confirmados por meio de anÃlises histolÃgica e histoquÃmica. As proteÃnas extraÃdas dos plastÃdeos foram digeridas com tripsina e os peptÃdeos foram aplicados no sistema de nano-LC EASYII acoplado online ao espectrÃmetro de massa nano ESI LTQ-Orbitrap velos, o que resultou na identificaÃÃo 1103 proteÃnas, representando 804 grupos de proteÃnas, dos quais 923 foram consideradas identificaÃÃes verdadeiras. Isso expandiu consideravelmente o repertÃrio de proteÃnas do pinhÃo manso atà agora identificas. Dentre as proteÃnas identificadas, apenas 5 sÃo codificadas pelo genoma plastidial, e nenhuma delas està envolvida na fotossÃntese, o que evidencia a natureza nÃo fotossintÃtica dos plastÃdeos isolados. HomÃlogos de 824, dentre as 923 proteÃnas identificadas, estavam presentes nos bancos de dados PPDB, SUBA e PlProt, enquanto homÃlogos para 13 proteÃnas nÃo foram encontrados em nenhum dos trÃs bancos de dados plastidiais, mas foram detectados como plastidiais por pelo menos um dos trÃs programas de prediÃÃo de localizaÃÃo subcelular utilizados (TargetP, ChloroP, PlantMPloc). A classificaÃÃo funcional mostrou que a maioria das proteÃnas identificadas pertencia ao metabolismo dos aminoÃcidos, seguido dos metabolismos dos carboidratos, energÃtico e dos lipÃdios. As subunidades maiores e menores da Rubisco foram identificadas, e sua presenÃa nos plastÃdeos foi considerada uma caracterÃstica adaptativa para contrabalancear a perda de um terÃo do carbono na forma de CO2 como um resultado da conversÃo de carboidratos em Ãleo atravÃs da glicÃlise. Apesar de enzimas envolvidas na biossÃntese de diversos precursores dos diterpenÃides terem sido identificadas, nÃo foi detectado nenhuma terpeno sintase/ciclase, o que sugere que os plastÃdeos isolados do endosperma de sementes em desenvolvimento nÃo sintetizam Ãsteres de forbol, apesar de uma grande quantidade desse composto ser encontrada neste tecido. Como conclusÃo, o presente trabalho proporciona insights sobre as principais vias biossÃntÃticas, e sobre caracterÃsticas peculiares dos plastideos isolados do endosperma de sementes em desenvolvimento.
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Romuli, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Process optimisation of oil and protein recovery from Jatropha curcas L. seeds in terms of hulling, shelling and mechanical extraction for improved efficiency and product quality / Sebastian Romuli." Aachen : Shaker, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149278633/34.
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He, Wei. "Biochemical and genetic analyses of Jatropha curcas L. seed composition." Thesis, University of York, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1941/.
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Diminishing worldwide fossil fuel reserves coupled with the negative impact of their use on the environment has led to increased research and development of renewable energy sources. Renewable liquid biofuels are in demand for the transport sector, particularly if they can be used directly in existing internal combustion engines. Jatropha curcas L. is a perennial plant which belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family. J. curcas seeds contain about 30% oil which is suitable for biodiesel production, and therefore it has received global interest as a source of biofuel. However, to date J. curcas has not been put through any stringent breeding program for traits improvement and thus has not reached its full potential. Improving seed yield, seed oil quality and quantity is necessary for large scale biodiesel production, and developing other by products will add to the economic value of this crop. Apart from oil, J. curcas seeds also contain a high percentage of proteins, which makes the seed meal potentially useful as animal feed. However, seeds from most of the current global J. curcas plantations in Asia and Africa are characterized as non-edible, due to the existence of a few toxins or antinutrients. Phorbol esters have been considered as the main toxic agent. Edible provenances exist in Mexico which are devoid of phorbol esters. Among the other toxins, curcin (a type I ribosome inactivating protein) levels have not been reported for the edible and non-edible varieties. To improve our understanding of J. curcas natural variation and biochemical composition, seed samples were collected from a variety of locations in Madagascar, Mexico, and purchased from five other countries. Seed oil content, fatty acid composition and phorbol esters content were measured to establish the diversity in these traits. Seed oil content and fatty acid composition was found to vary in seeds collected from different sites, and oleate and linoleate composition were found to correlate strongly with cultivation site temperature indicating the importance of environmental conditions for the production of an optimal feedstock for biodiesel. Phorbol esters were found to be present in all seed samples originating from outside Mexico, and in the Mexican provenance Rosario Chiapas. All other Mexican samples lacked phorbol esters. This suggests that the presence of phorbol esters is a qualitative trait. AFLP analysis revealed that most genetic variation was present in Mexican samples, with all material originating from outside Mexico showing very limited genetic diversity. Edible samples and non-edible samples were found to be genetically distinct, with the edible samples forming a single cluster. The large amount of variation in oil quantity and quality in Madagascan samples, together with the limited genetic diversity in these samples, implies that J. curcas seed oil is largely influenced by environmental factors. Seed curcin levels were determined in the edible and non-edible varieties. The results showed that curcin levels are equally abundant in both varieties. This demonstrates that curcin is not playing any significant role in determining seed edibility and is consistent with the predominant role understood to be played by phorbol esters in determining this trait. The spatial and temporal expression of different curcin genes was further examined. Four curcin genes showed different patterns of expression with seed and leaf specific patterns of expression being identified. Further analyses revealed that CURCIN2 is induced in mature leaves in response to various abiotic stresses. Furthermore it appears that the induction of CURCIN2 in response to wounding is regulated via the JA (jasmonic acid) signalling pathway. Together these results represent a valuable addition to the knowledge base underpinning the development of J. curcas as an industrial crop through molecular breeding.
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Shah, Mohibullah. "Proteome analysis of developing seeds of Jatropha curcas L." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11638.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoPhysic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is an important crop due to its ability of storing high content of oil in the seeds, which can serve as raw material for biodiesel production. Because of the presence of toxic constituents like phorbol esters (PEs) and curcins, the seed cake produced as a result of oil extraction cannot be utilize for animal feed. Development of the genotypes better suited for the industrial applications and biodiesel production as well as with lower level of toxic constituents is being hampered by a lack of understanding about the a) proteins related to the biosynthesis and degradation of fatty acids (FAs) and triacylglycerides (TAGs), b) role of proteins deposited during seed development and c) proteins related to the synthesis and storage of toxic compounds during seed development. Agreeing with this, we have performed the anatomical analysis of the developing seeds of J. curcas, followed by the proteome analysis of the endosperm isolated from the seeds of J. curcas at five different developmental stages, which resulted into the identification of the 1517, 1256, 1033, 752 and 307 proteins, from Stage 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, respectively, summing up to a total of 1760 proteins. Proteins with similar expression pattern were grouped into five different clusters and protein quantification based on spectral counts was determined. Besides identification of the proteins involved in the biosynthesis and degradation of the FAs and TAGs, we also identified a large number of proteins involved in the metabolism of the carbohydrates, which are important for supplying energy and carbon source for the synthesis of TAGs in heterotrophic seeds. Among the members of different classes of seed storage proteins (SSPs), we have identified four SSPs named as nutrients reservoir, which in contrast to the other SSPs showed decreasing deposition pattern during seeds development and revealed to have special role during seed development. In addition, peptidases belong to different mechanistic classes were identified, which have a range of functions, highlighting the role in reserve mobilization during germination. Isoforms of curcin were also identified in this proteome analysis which were absent in our previous proteome analysis of the other tissues from these seeds, suggesting that the deposition of these toxic proteins only occur in the endosperm. Similarly, several enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of diterpenoid precursors were identified in this proteome analysis but, like in our previous proteome analysis of the other tissues from J. curcas seeds,we were unable to identify any terpene synthase/cyclase, enzymes responsible for the synthesis of PEs, which collectively suggesting that the synthesis of PEs may not occur in seeds of this plant. In conclusion, the strategy used here enabled us to provide a first in depth proteome analysis of the endosperm from J. curcas developing seeds, which along with providing information regarding important aspects of the seed development, also set the foundation of a proteomic approach to study biotechnologically important plant species.
PinhÃo manso (Jatropha curcas L.) à uma cultura importante devido à sua habilidade em armazenar alto conteÃdo de Ãleo nas sementes, as quais podem servir como matÃria-prima para a produÃÃo de biodiesel. Devido à presenÃa de constituintes tÃxicos como Ãsteres de forbol e curcina, a torta da semente produzida como resultado da extraÃÃo do Ãleo nÃo pode ser utilizada na alimentaÃÃo animal. O desenvolvimento de genÃtipos mais adequados a aplicaÃÃes industriais e à produÃÃo de biodiesel assim como apresentando baixos nÃveis de constituintes tÃxicos està sendo prejudicado pela falta de entendimento sobre a) proteÃnas relacionadas a biossÃntese e degradaÃÃo de Ãcidos graxos e triacilglicerÃis, b) o papel de proteÃnas depositadas durante o desenvolvimento da semente e c) proteÃnas relacionadas à sÃntese e reserva de compostos tÃxicos durante o desenvolvimento da semente. Diante disso, nÃs realizamos uma anÃlise anatÃmica de sementes em desenvolvimento de J. curcas, seguido por uma anÃlise proteÃmica do endosperma isolado de sementes dessa espÃcie em cinco diferentes estÃgios de desenvolvimento, o que resultou na identificaÃÃo de 1517, 1256, 1033, 752 e 307 proteÃnas, dos estÃgios 6, 7, 8, 9 e 10, respectivamente, somando um total de 1760 proteÃnas. ProteÃnas com padrÃo de expressÃo similar foram agrupadas em cinco grupos diferentes e a quantificaÃÃo das proteÃnas baseada na contagem dos espectros foi determinada. AlÃm da identificaÃÃo das proteÃnas envolvidas na biossÃntese e degradaÃÃo de FAs e TAGs, nÃs identificamos um grande nÃmero de proteÃnas envolvidas no metabolismo de carboidratos, as quais sÃo importantes para o fornecimento de energia e fontes de carbono para a sÃntese de TAGs em sementes heterotrÃficas. Entre os membros de diferentes classes de proteÃnas de reservas de sementes (SSPs), nÃs identificamos quatro SSPs denominadas reservatÃrios de sementes, que em contraste as outras SSPs mostraram decrÃscimo no padrÃo de deposiÃÃo e revelaram ter um papel especial durante o desenvolvimento da semente. Em adiÃÃo, peptidases pertencentes a diferentes classes mecanÃsticas foram identificadas destacando o papel da mobilizaÃÃo de reservas durante a germinaÃÃo. Isoformas da curcina ausentes em nossas anÃlises proteÃmicas prÃvias de outros tecidos da semente foram identificadas sugerindo que a deposiÃÃo dessas proteÃnas tÃxicas sà ocorre no endosperma. Similarmente, vÃrias enzimas envolvidas na biosÃntese de precursores de diterpenÃides foram identificadas nessa anÃlise proteÃmica, mas como em nossas prÃvias anÃlises proteÃmicas de outros tecidos de sementes de J. curcas, nÃs nÃo fomos capazes de identificar sintases/ciclases de terpenos, enzimas responsÃveis pela sÃntese de PEs, o que coletivamente sugere que a sÃntese desses compostos pode nÃo ocorrer nas sementes dessa planta. Em conclusÃo, a estratÃgia utilizada nos fornece a primeira anÃlise proteÃmica profunda do endosperma de sementes em desenvolvimento de J. curcas, o que alÃm de fornecer informaÃÃes sobre aspectos importantes do desenvolvimento da semente, tambÃm estabelece a base para uma pesquisa proteÃmica com o objetivo de estudar espÃcies vegetais importantes biotecnologicamente.
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Soares, Emanoella Lima. "Seed ontogeny and proteomic analysis of the internal integument of Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae)." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15250.
Full textAbstract:
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoThe economic importance of J. curcas is due to the high amount of oil accumulated in their seeds, specifically in the endosperm. In this context, the events related to the endosperm formation and the accumulation of toxic compounds in the seeds could help in the production of varieties that produce more oil and are less toxic. Thus, anatomical, proteomic and gene expression analysis were made with J. curcas seeds to contribute with the knowledge about physiologic events related with the formation of endosperm and the processes of synthesis and accumulation of phorbol esters. The anatomical analysis showed the maternal tissue responsible for the nutrients transfer to the endosperm and contributed to fill the gaps present in the literature about the anatomy of J. curcas seeds. The inner integument is the maternal tissue that presents the vasculature of the mother plant and is the responsible for the nutrition of the endosperm through the process of programmed cell death (PCD). Based on this result proteomic analysis of two anatomically different regions of the inner integument, named as proximal and distal, were performed. The identified proteins indicated that the inner integument pass through PCD in different degrees in the proximal and distal regions and that in this tissue there is a spatial distribution between catabolism and anabolism. In the proximal region especially hydrolases were identified and in the distal region storage proteins and proteins of biosynthetic pathways were prevalent. The gene expression analysis had two purposes: first, verify wether the transcripts levels of the genes likely involved in PCD, whose proteins were identified and quantified in the proteomic analysis, were related to the protein abundance and second, identify the site of synthesis of the committed enzyme in the phorbol esters biosynthesis, the casbene synthase, through a study with root, leaf, embryo, inner integument and endosperm and 14 putative genes of the mentioned enzyme. The results indicated that the proteins related to PCD must be controlled at transcript level. Nine putative genes from casbene synthase were expressed in roots and one of them was expressed in the leaf and embryo. This work denotes the role of PCD in the inner integument to the development of the seed and also demonstrates the transitory nature of storage of this tissue. In addition gives notation that the seed, despite of accumulates phorbol esters, do not synthesizes these compounds, but probably import them from roots.
A importÃncia econÃmica da espÃcie J. curcas deve-se a grande quantidade de Ãleo acumulada em suas sementes, especificamente no endosperma. Os eventos relacionados à formaÃÃo do endosperma e ao acÃmulo de compostos tÃxicos nas sementes podem auxiliar na produÃÃo de variedades com maior produÃÃo de Ãleo e menos tÃxicas. Visando isso, foram realizadas anÃlises anatÃmicas, proteÃmicas e de expressÃo de genes nas sementes de J. curcas para contribuir com o entendimento sobre os eventos fisiolÃgicos associados à formaÃÃo do endosperma e aos processos de sÃntese e acÃmulo dos Ãsteres de forbol. A anÃlise anatÃmica mostrou o tecido maternal responsÃvel pela transferÃncia de nutrientes para o endosperma e contribuiu para resolver lacunas existentes na literatura sobre a anatomia de sementes de J. curcas. O integumento interno à o tecido maternal que apresenta a vascularizaÃÃo da planta-mÃe e à o responsÃvel pela nutriÃÃo do endosperma atravÃs do processo de morte celular programada (PCD). Com base nesse resultado, realizou-se uma anÃlise proteÃmica do integumento interno na regiÃo proximal e distal ao endosperma, uma vez que as caracterÃsticas celulares indicativas de PCD nesse tecido se apresentavam diferentes nessas regiÃes. As proteÃnas identificadas indicaram que o integumento interno sofre PCD em diferentes graus nas diferentes regiÃes e que nesse tecido hà uma distribuiÃÃo espacial entre catabolismo e anabolismo, pois na regiÃo proximal identificaram-se principalmente hidrolases e na regiÃo distal proteÃnas de reserva e de vias biossintÃticas. A anÃlise de expressÃo de genes teve dois propÃsitos: primeiro, verificar se os nÃveis de transcritos de genes possivelmente relacionados à PCD, cujas proteÃnas foram identificadas e quantificadas na anÃlise proteÃmica, estavam relacionados à abundÃncia de proteÃnas e o segundo foi identificar o local de sÃntese da enzima comprometida na biossÃntese dos Ãsteres de forbol, a sintase do casbeno, atravÃs de um estudo com raiz, folha, embriÃo, integumento interno e endosperma e 14 genes candidatos à enzima mencionada. Os resultados indicaram que as proteÃnas relacionadas à PCD devem ser controladas no Ãmbito transcricional. Nove genes candidatos à sintase do casbeno foram expressos em raiz e um deles foi expresso na folha e no embriÃo. Este trabalho evidencia o papel da PCD no integumento interno para o desenvolvimento da semente, alÃm de demonstrar a natureza transitÃria de reserva desse tecido. Adicionalmente, dà indÃcios de que a semente, apesar de acumular Ãsteres de forbol, nÃo sintetiza esses compostos, mas possivelmente os importa das raÃzes.
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Madanayake, Buddhike Neminda. "Characterization and pre-treatment of Jatropha curcas seed cake for co-firing with coal." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37438/.
Full textAbstract:
In the light of growing concern over greenhouse gas emissions and limited fossil fuels, the use of renewable energy sources such as biomass is becoming more vital. Jatropha curcas seed cake, which is a waste product of biodiesel production, has been identified as a potential candidate to be co-fired with coal in existing boilers. There is a dearth of information on the effective utilisation of Jatropha curcas seed cake in this manner, and this research work contributes to bridging this knowledge gap. The seed cake received was divided into two distinct classes based on appearance and texture, identified as type A (harder and lower oil content) and type B (the more abundant class). As an initial step, the fundamental fuel properties of the seed cake were determined; these include the proximate and ultimate analyses, higher heating value (HHV) and inorganic content. The HHV of type A and type B was 20.76 MJ/kg and 24.06 MJ/kg, respectively; their dry ash content was 5.9% and 4.4%, respectively. K was the most abundant inorganic element present. The main hindrances to co-firing of a typical biomass with coal arise due to the difference in properties of biomass and coal. Torrefaction and leaching were carried out with the aim of bringing the thermochemical (primarily the HHV) and chemical (inorganic content) properties, respectively, of the seed cake closer to those of coal. An envelope of torrefaction conditions was recommended –~250°C for 45-60 min for the type A, and < 5 min at > 280°C to > 45 min at 220°C-250°C for the type B. These conditions ensured that the HHV of the type A and type B were enhanced to > 24.5 MJ/kg and > 27 MJ/kg, respectively, while not compromising excessively on the energy yield. Leaching at 20°C for < 24 h was considered adequate in the case of the untorrefied seed cake, and this result ed in a reduction of the potassium content (the most abundant and critical inorganic element in the seed cake) by 85%. Leachability of the torrefied biomass was markedly reduced, and leaching at least at 50°C was deemed necessary. Combustion modelling using Ansys Fluent 14.0 was carried out to assess the combustion and co-firing characteristics of untorrefied and torrefied Jatropha curcas seed cake. The effect of torrefaction on the devolatilisation characteristics, flame properties and consequently NOx pollutant formation was established. Compared to the torrefied biomass, the untorrefied seed cake devolatilised earlier, had a more dispersed flame and higher NO formation. The higher reactivity of the biomass was shown to have a positive effect on the devolatilisation rate of the less reactive coal under co-firing simulations.
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Sitorus, Henry Binsar Hamonangan. "The study of jatropha curcas oil-based biodegradable insulation materials for power transformer." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECDL0022/document.
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Ce travail porte sur la caractérisation physico-chimique de l'huile de Jatropha Curcas et sa capacité à remplacer l'huile minérale dans les transformateurs de puissance. Ce produit présente plusieurs avantages sur les autres huiles végétales comme l'huile de palme ou l'huile de colza, qui recommandent sa production et son utilisation. En effet, la plante de Jatropha Curcas peut être cultivée sur des sols pauvres à faibles précipitations, évitant ainsi d'utiliser des sols plus fertiles pour sa culture permettant ainsi aux petits exploitants de réserver leurs terres aux cultures de base. Cette plante peut pousser facilement dans des zones où les niveaux de précipitations annuelles sont nettement inférieures à celles requises par d'autres espèces telles que le colza, le tournesol, le soja, le maïs, le palmier à huile et d'autres. Elle peut être cultivée sur tous les types de sol en Indonésie, même sur des terres arides, dans de nombreuses régions de l'Indonésie orientale, inexploitées en raison des difficultés à planter d'autres cultures. En outre, l'huile de Jatropha Curcas est un produit non alimentaire. En faisant subir à l’huile de Jatropha Curcas brute une estérification à base alcaline avec de l'hydroxyde de potassium (KOH), on obtient de l’huile de méthylester de Jatropha Curcas (JMEO) dont la viscosité et l’acidité sont acceptables pour les équipements à haute tension en particulier pour les transformateurs de puissance. Les propriétés physico-chimiques et électriques de JMEO ont été mesurées ainsi que celles de l'huile minérale (MO) pour la comparaison. Pour les propriétés physico-chimiques, il s’agit de la densité relative, la teneur en eau, la viscosité, l'acidité, l'indice d'iode, la corrosivité, le point d'éclair, le point d'écoulement, la couleur, l'examen visuel, et la teneur en ester méthylique. Quant aux propriétés électriques, elles concernent la rigidité diélectrique sous différentes formes de tension (alternative, continu et choc de foudre), les phénomènes de pré-claquage et de claquage sous choc de foudre, les décharges glissantes sur les surfaces de carton comprimé, immergé dans JMEO et MO. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les tensions de claquage moyennes en continu et en choc de foudre des huiles JMEO et MO sont très proches ; la tension de claquage moyenne de JMEO est même plus élevée que celle de l'huile minérale (de type naphténique). La mesure des tensions de claquage des mélanges d'huiles «80% JMEO + 20% MO» et «50% JMEO et 50% MO» montrent que la tension de claquage du mélange «80% JMEO + 20% MO» est toujours supérieure à celle de l'huile minérale sous tensions alternative et continue. Cela indique que le mélange d'huile minérale et de JMEO avec un rapport de 20:80 ne dégrade pas ses performances. Le mélange d'huiles peut se produire lors du remplacement de l'huile minérale par JMEO dans les transformateurs installés et en exploitation. L'analyse des caractéristiques des streamers (la forme, le temps d'arrêt, le courant associé et la charge électrique) se développant dans les huiles JMEO et MO sous tension impulsionnelle de foudre, montre une grande similitude. Aussi, la longueur finale (Lf) et la densité des branches des décharges surfaciques se propageant sur le carton comprimé immergé dans l'huile de Jatropha Curcas de méthylester (JMEO) et de l'huile minérale (MO), sous tensions de choc de foudre positif et négatif (1,2/50 μs), pour deux configurations d'électrodes divergentes (électrode pointe haute tension perpendiculaire et tangente au carton, respectivement), sont fortement influencées par l'épaisseur du carton comprimé. Pour une épaisseur donnée, Lf augmente avec la tension et décroît lorsque l'épaisseur augmente. Lf est plus long lorsque la pointe est positive que lorsque la pointe est négative. Pour une tension et une épaisseur du carton comprimé donnée, les valeurs de Lf dans l’huile minérale et l’huile JMEO sont très proches. [...]This work is aimed at the investigation of the physicochemical characterization of Jatropha Curcas seeds oil and its capacity to be an alternative option to replace mineral oil in power transformers. This product presents several advantages that recommend both its production and usage over those of other vegetable oils as crude palm oil and rapeseeds oil. Indeed, it may be grown on marginal or degraded soils avoiding thus the need to utilize those more fertile soils currently being used by smallholders to grow their staple crops; and it will readily grow in areas where annual rainfall levels are significantly lower than those required by other species such as palm oil, rape-seeds oil, sunflower oil, soybeans oil, corn oil and others. For instance, these plants can grow on all soil types in Indonesia, even on barren soil. The barren soil types can be found in many parts of eastern Indonesia that remain untapped because of the difficulty planted with other crops. Moreover, jatropha curcas oil is nonfood crops. Jatropha Curcas oil was processed by alkali base catalyzed esterification process using potassium hydroxide (KOH) to produce Jatropha Curcas methyl ester oil (JMEO) has a viscosity and a acidity that are acceptable for high voltage equipment especially in power transformer. The physicochemical and electrical properties of JMEO were measured as well as those of mineral oil (MO) for comparison. The physicochemical properties cover relative density, water content, viscosity, acidity, iodine number, corrosivity, flash point, pour point, color, visual examination, and methyl ester content. Meanwhile the electrical properties cover dielectric strength under AC, DC and lightning impulse voltages, pre-breakdown / streamers under lightning impulse voltage, creeping discharge over pressboard immersed in JMEO and MO. The obtained results show that the average DC and lightning impulse breakdown voltages of JMEO and MO are too close, even the average AC breakdown voltage of JMEO are higher than that of mineral oil (napthenic type). The measurement of breakdown voltages of two oil mixtures namely “80% JMEO + 20% MO” and “50% JMEO and 50% MO” shows that the breakdown voltage of the first mixture (i.e., “80%JMEO+20%MO”) is always higher than that of mineral oil under both AC and DC voltages. This indicates that mixing 20:80 mineral oil to JMEO ratio does not degrade its performance. The mixing of oils can occur when replacing mineral oil by JMEO in installed transformers. The analysis of the streamers characteristics (namely; shape, stopping length, associated current and electrical charge) developing in JMEO and MO under lightning impulse voltages, shows that these are too close (similar). It is also shown that the stopping (final) length Lf and the density of branches of creeping discharges propagating over pressboard immersed in Jatropha Curcas methyl ester oil (JMEO) and mineral oil (MO), under positive and negative lightning impulse voltages (1.2/50 μs), using two divergent electrode configurations (electrode point perpendicular and tangential to pressboard), are significantly influenced by the thickness of pressboard. For a given thickness, Lf increases with the voltage and decreases when the thickness increases. Lf is longer when the point is positive than with a negative point. For a given voltage and thickness of pressboard, the values of Lf in mineral oil and JMEO are very close. It appears from this work that JMEO could constitute a potential substitute for mineral oil for electrical insulation and especially in high voltage power transformers
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Souza, Lívia Tereza de Andrade. "Síntese enzimática do biodiesel de Jatropha curcas pela rota etílica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97137/tde-04102012-110800/.
Full textAbstract:
O esperado crescimento na demanda de biodiesel no mercado mundial tem impulsionado uma evolução constante em seu sistema de produção de forma a torná-lo mais eficiente e ambientalmente favorável. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o potencial do óleo de pinhão manso para obtenção de biodiesel pela via enzimática empregando etanol com agente acilante. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, as atividades experimentais foram iniciadas pela adequação do óleo de pinhão manso bruto para sua utilização como matériaprima na reação de transesterificação, incluindo as etapas de degomagem, neutralização e secagem. O óleo tratado, após caracterização físico-química, foi utilizado nos testes de triagem do biocatalisador enzimático testando diferentes preparações de lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) tanto na forma livre como imobilizada em SiO2-PVA, para mediar à síntese de biodiesel em meio isento de solventes. Os testes indicaram que as lipases na forma imobilizada foram mais eficientes e permitiram selecionar os derivados imobilizados das lipases de Burkholderia cepacia e Pseudomonas fluorescens como as preparações mais adequadas para catalisar a síntese de biodiesel a partir do óleo de pinhão, com rendimentos reacionais de 93,18% e 85,67%, respectivamente. Na segunda etapa do trabalho, os derivados imobilizados selecionados foram testados na reação de interesse, mantendo-se fixa as condições reacionais (temperatura 45oC, 1:9 de razão molar óleo/etanol e 500 unidades de atividade lipolítica por grama de óleo), empregando reatores de vidro acoplados com condensador de refluxo, para evitar perda de etanol. O monitoramento da reação foi efetuado pela determinação dos ésteres etílicos formados (Cromatografia de fase gasosa) e viscosidade cinemática em amostras retiradas ao longo da reação. O produto transesterificado (biodiesel) foi purificado e submetido às análises para caracterização de suas propriedades físico-químicas, incluindo estudo reológico, espectroscopia de absorção na região do infravermelho (FTIR), análise termogravimétrica (TG) e ressonância magnética nuclear protônica (1H-RMN). Os resultados obtidos permitiram confirmar que a lipase de Burkholderia cepacia foi a preparação de lipase mais eficiente para mediar à síntese do biodiesel do óleo de pinhão manso, alcançando rendimento de transesterificação superior a 97% (72h). O biodiesel produzido manteve-se estável termicamente até 128oC e não sendo constatada contaminação do produto com glicerol ou água residual, assegurando a eficiência da etapa de purificação do produto transesterificado. Experimentos adicionais foram ainda efetuados sob irradiação de micro-ondas e os resultados obtidos indicaram que o aquecimento por micro-ondas constitui um procedimento potencial para a produção de biodiesel, tendo em vista a considerável redução do tempo global de reação. A estabilidade operacional da lipase imobilizada foi determinada em bateladas consecutivas sob aquecimento convencional e irradiação de micro-ondas, revelando um tempo de meia-vida do biocatalisador de 110 e 26,5h, respectivamente. A real contribuição da aceleração da reação por meio de irradiação de micro-ondas deverá ser reavaliada levando em consideração a acentuada perda da atividade sintética do biocatalisador.The expected increase in the biodiesel demand worldwide has brought a constant evolution in its production system in order to make it more efficient and environmentally favorable. The objective of present work was to verify the potential of Jatropha oil as raw material to produce biodiesel by enzymatic route using ethanol as acilant agent. To attain the proposed objective, the experimental activities were starting by treating the oil to attain suitable properties to be used in the transesterification reaction, including the degumming, neutralization and drying steps. The treated oil, after physico-chemical characterization was used to carry out a screening test to select the most suitable biocatalyst by means of testing different preparations of lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) in free form as well as immobilized in SiO2-PVA, to mediate the biodiesel synthesis in solvent free system. The assays indicated that the immobilized lipases were more efficient than free ones and allowed selecting the immobilized derivatives from Burkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas fluorescens as the most suitable preparations to catalyze biodiesel synthesis from Jatropha oil, attaining yields of 93.18% and 85.67%, respectively. In the second step, the selected immobilized derivatives were used to catalyze the reaction of interest maintaining the previous set conditions (temperature 45oC, 1:9 molar ratio oil/ethanol and 500 units of lipolytic activity per gram of oil) using a glass reactor coupled with condenser to avoid ethanol loss. The reaction was monitored by determining the formed ethyl esters by gas chromatography and viscosity in samples taken from the reactor during the reaction. The transesterified product (biodiesel) was purified and submitted to further analyses for physico-chemical properties, including rheological study, FTIR, TG and 1H NMR. The obtained results confirmed that the lipase from Burkholderia cepacia was the most efficient biocatalyst to mediate the biodiesel synthesis from Jatropha oil, attaining transesterification yields higher than 97% (72h. The product biodiesel was thermo stable up to 128oC and no residual glycerol or water contaminations were detected, assuring the efficiency of the down stream process. Additional experiments were performed under microwave irradiation and the results suggested that the microwave heating constitutes a potential procedure to enhance the reaction rate by reducing the global reaction time. The operational stability of the immobilized lipase was determined in repeated batch runs under conventional and microwave heating systems, revealing biocatalyst half-life time of 110 and 26.5 h, respectively. Therefore, the real contribution of the microwave irradiations to enhance the reaction should be revalued by taking into account the lost of the biocatalyst activity.
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Tee, Meng Y. "The economics of an alternative bio-energy feedstock - the case of Jatropha curcas." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/2334.
Full textBooks on the topic "Jatropha curcas seed oil"
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Mwamba, C. K. Photo-documentation on the promotion of soap and fuel production from Jatropha Curcas oil. Lusaka, Zambia: National Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, 2002.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Jatropha curcas seed oil"
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Winkler, Elisabeth, Nikolaus Foidl, Georg M. Gübitz, Ruth Staubmann, and Walter Steiner. "Enzyme-Supported Oil Extraction from Jatropha curcas Seeds." In Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, 449–56. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2312-2_39.
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Rao, D. Muralidhara, S. Anitha, A. Aravinda, B. Karunakar, and N. Devanna. "Biopesticidal Properties of Seed, Seed Cake and Oil of Jatropha curcas L. Against the Polyphagous Lepidopteran Pest Helicoverpa armigera." In Jatropha, Challenges for a New Energy Crop, 369–82. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4806-8_20.
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Krist, Sabine. "Jatropha Seed Oil." In Vegetable Fats and Oils, 377–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30314-3_58.
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Chakrabarti, P. P., and R. B. N. Prasad. "Biodiesel Production from Jatropha curcas Oil." In Jatropha, Challenges for a New Energy Crop, 463–90. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4806-8_25.
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Heinrich, Gregor. "Jatropha curcas L. – An Alternative Oil Crop." In Biokerosene, 237–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53065-8_11.
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Ye, Jian, Yan Hong, Jing Qu, and Chunming Wang. "Improvement of J. curcas Oil by Genetic Transformation." In Jatropha, Challenges for a New Energy Crop, 547–62. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4915-7_29.
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Grover, Atul, Sweta Singh, Abhinav Singh, and Madhu Bala. "Jatropha: From Seed to Plant, Seed, Oil, and Beyond." In Jatropha, Challenges for a New Energy Crop, 323–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3104-6_16.
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Narváez C., Ricardo A., Valeria Ramírez, Diego Chulde, Sebastián Espinoza, and Jesús López-Villada. "Microwave Pyrolysis Process Potential of Waste Jatropha Curcas Seed Cake." In Renewable Energy in the Service of Mankind Vol I, 91–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17777-9_9.
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Mastan, Shaik G., Mangal Singh Rathore, Swati Kumari, Reddy P. Muppala, and Nitish Kumar. "Genetic Engineering for the Improvement of Oil Content and Associated Traits in Jatropha curcas L." In Jatropha, Challenges for a New Energy Crop, 95–110. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3104-6_6.
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Madanayake, Buddhike Neminda, Carol Eastwick, Suyin Gan, and Hoon Kiat Ng. "The Effects of Torrefaction Parameters on the Thermochemical Properties of Jatropha curcas Seed Cake." In World Sustainable Energy Days Next 2014, 155–62. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-04355-1_19.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Jatropha curcas seed oil"
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Murad, Muhamad Nasir, Safian Sharif, Erween Abd Rahim, and Rozaini Abdullah. "Comparative evaluation of physicochemical properties of jatropha curcas seed oil for coolant-lubricant application." In 3RD ELECTRONIC AND GREEN MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017 (EGM 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5002380.
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Adeniyi, Adekunle Tirimisiyu, and Ijoma Onyemaechi. "Non-Edible Oil Based Surfactant For Enhanced Oil Recovery." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207155-ms.
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Abstract After the primary and secondary oil recoveries, a substantial amount of oil is left in the reservoir which can be recovered by tertiary methods like the Alkaline-Surfactant Flood. Reasons for having some unproduced hydrocarbon in the reservoir include and not limited to the following; forces of attraction fluid contacts, low permeability, high viscous fluid, poor swept efficiency, etc. Although, it is possible to commence waterflooding together chemical injection at the start of production. Reservoir simulation with commercial simulator, could guide in selecting the most appropriate period to commence chemical flooding. In this study, the performance of a new synthetic surfactant produced from Jatropha Curcas seed was compared with that of a selected commercial surfactant in the presence of an alkaline and this shows that the non-edible Jatropha oil is a natural, inexpensive and a renewable source of energy for the production of anionic surfactants and a good substitute for commercial surfactants like Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS). The Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) surfactant showed no precipitation or cloudiness during stability test and was able to reduce the Interfacial Tension (IFT) to 0.018 mN/m and 0.020 mN/m in the presence of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide respectively as alkaline at low surfactant concentration. The optimum alkaline surfactant formulation in terms of oil recovery performance obtained from the core flooding experiment corresponds to a concentration of sodium carbonate (0.5wt%), sodium hydroxide (0.5wt%) mixed in distilled water and Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) surfactant (1wt%). The injection of 0.5 percentage volume of alkaline surfactant slug produced an incremental oil recovery of 26.7% and 29% respectively. With these incremental oil recoveries, increasing demand for hydrocarbons product could be met, and returns on investment portfolio will be improved.
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Wu, Yuangen, Guangli Wang, Shuyi Qiu, and Xiao Wang. "Improving the Yield of Crude Oil from Jatropha Curcas Seeds by Solvent Tolerant Fungus in Solid-State Fermentation." In 2009 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/appeec.2009.4918427.
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Worapun, Ittipon, Kulachate Pianthong, Prachasanti Thaiyasuit, and Chawalit Thinvongpituk. "Effect on the use of ultrasonic cavitation for biodiesel production from crued Jatropha curcas L. seed oil with a high content of free fatty acid." In Fourth International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, edited by Chenggen Quan, Kemao Qian, Anand K. Asundi, and Fook S. Chau. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.851703.
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Chaturvedi, Shivani, Santosh Satya, Geetanjali Kaushik, and Arvind Chel. "Viable Tailored Organic Fertilizer Alternatives From Waste Produced by Bio-Diesel Extraction Process and Tobacco Industry." In ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54177.
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Rapid depletion of conventional sources of energy and the growing environmental concern of their use warrant urgent attention to look for suitable energy alternatives. In this regard the seeds of Jatropha curcas, constituting 40–50% bio-crude oil are considered as one of the most promising alternatives for the production of bio-diesel. It is estimated that about 1.5 tons de-oiled cake is produced from seeds obtained from one hectare of plantation, utilized for bio-diesel extraction process. Being non-edible due to its toxic contents, cost effective safe disposal of this by-product can only be possible if there is a meaningful utilization. India’s tobacco industry is the second largest in the world after China, having vast area under tobacco cultivation. The wastes from tobacco industry lead to significant environmental pollution that has severe impacts on both flora and fauna. A few studies on this aspect have revealed that Jatropha and tobacco bio-wastes have potential to be used as organic fertilizers. The present study aims at developing appropriate bio-processes and formulation that utilize Jatropha seed cake and waste of tobacco industry as organic fertilizer for improving the growth of Chrysanthemum, a flower variety valued for its beauty and fragrance and having wide applications in cosmetic and perfumery products. Pot experiments were carried out by adding specific proportions of Jatropha de-oiled cake and tobacco waste to normal garden soil. The growth and morphological parameters of Chrysanthemum plants grown in pots prepared by the treated soil were monitored for 4–5 months and the results were recorded. The results have been encouraging as the treatments lead to a significant enhancement in flower growth as well as yield. 11.5% increase in number of buds per plant was recorded for treated soil as compared to the control soil. The number of flowers per plant also recorded an increase of 16% to 24% due to the effect of formulation applied to the soil. Similar trends were observed for other parameters like flower size, flower head size, flower weight and ray floret number. Through experimentation new composted organic fertilizer formulations, tailored to specific commercial crop has been developed. The research findings would enable these bio-wastes to be used as a viable alternative to the energy intensive chemical fertilizers for floriculture, thus contributing to the mitigation of global climate change. This addition in the value chain would improve the financial viability of bio-diesel extraction process. This new synergistic organic fertilizer formulation when used as an alternative to nitrogenous chemical fertilizers would also provide an opportunity to earn carbon credits which is estimated to be € 67904 millions/year.
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Asmanizar, A. "Potency Of Jatropha Curcas Seed Crude Extract Againts Nezara Viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)." In 8th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research 2019. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.03.03.11.
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Irwan, Muh, Ramli Thahir, Arief Adhiksana, Marlinda, and Ramli. "The production of biofuels from jatropha curcas oil using ultrasound energy." In DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FOR INDUSTRY COMPETITIVENESS: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (ICOME 2017). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5046221.
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Yusuf, Nur’aini Raman, Ruzaimah Nik Mohamad Kamil, and Suzana Yusup. "Kinetic study of microwave-assisted alkaline hydrolysis of Jatropha curcas oil." In 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES (ICFAS2016). Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4968094.
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Widayat, Hantoro Satriadi, Aji Baharsyah, and Supriyandi. "Biodiesel production from jatropha curcas oil and palm oil by using undirect ultrasonic assisted." In 2016 International Conference on Sustainable Energy Engineering and Application (ICSEEA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icseea.2016.7873579.
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Rajan, R. R. Neela, R. Rajesh, and Medha R. Elayidom. "Optimization of production of transesterified Jatropha curcas oil using Response Surface Methodology." In 2016 International Conference on Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability (ICEETS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceets.2016.7582923.
Full textReports on the topic "Jatropha curcas seed oil"
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Ghosh, Arup, Jitendra Chikara, and Candace Wheeler. Determination of the Economic Viability & Technical Feasibility of Commercial Jatropha Curcas Production for Generation of Jatropha oil as Bio-Fuel Feedstock from Wasteland: Final Technical Report on Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Jatropha Cultivation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1320736.
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