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Journal articles on the topic 'Javelina'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Engeman, Richard M., Michael J. Pipas, Kenneth S. Gruver, Jean Bourassa, and Lee Allen. "Plot placement when using a passive tracking index to simultaneously monitor multiple species of animals." Wildlife Research 29, no. 1 (2002): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr01046.

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We evaluated a passive tracking index (PTI) when plots were placed on lightly used dirt roads versus placement on naturally occurring bare ground in natural habitat. PTIs were calculated before and after removal of coyotes and some non-target species during another study that evaluated capture devices. Six mammals were simultaneously monitored with the PTI: coyotes, raccoons, white-tailed deer, feral swine, javelina, and rabbits. PTIs from road plots were significantly higher than from off-road plots, except for deer and javelina, for which no differences were detected. After removal of coyotes, PTIs were significantly lower, both from on- and off-road plots. For coyotes and raccoons, the decline in index values primarily reflected population reductions. For animals hunted for sport (deer, swine, javelina), population reductions were minor compared with coyotes, and their declines in index values likely reflected conditioned responses to the activity and shooting that accompanied evaluations of the capture devices. We conclude that the PTI is sensitive to changes in population or changes in activity in response to an event for a variety of species, and it is most useful when placed on lightly used dirt roads.

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2

Lehman, Thomas M., Steven L. Wick, and Jonathan R. Wagner. "Hadrosaurian dinosaurs from the Maastrichtian Javelina Formation, Big Bend National Park, Texas." Journal of Paleontology 90, no. 2 (March 2016): 333–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2016.48.

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AbstractRare remains of hadrosaurian dinosaurs previously reported from the Maastrichtian Javelina Formation of West Texas had been attributed tentatively to either Edmontosaurus or Kritosaurus. Three recently recovered specimens include substantial skull parts and postcranial skeletal elements sufficient to recognize three distinct hadrosaurs. Two species are found in the lower part of the Javelina Formation; one of these is identified as Kritosaurus sp., confirming the earlier referral of specimens to this taxon. The most complete of these specimens combines features thought to be diagnostic of both K. navajovius Brown, 1910 and ‘Naashoibitosaurus’ ostromi Hunt and Lucas, 1993 and exhibits some unique attributes such that its specific identity remains uncertain. A second species, documented by a single specimen found near the base of the Javelina Formation, is inadequate to confidently identify but appears to represent a ‘solid-crested’ saurolophine with frontals having upturned processes along the midline, similar to those that brace the posterior side of the narial crest in Saurolophus. A third hadrosaur is represented at a bonebed in the uppermost part of the Javelina Formation. Its remains are sufficient to justify designation as a new species ?Gryposaurus alsatei. The skull roof elements are similar to those in species of Gryposaurus, and although no parts of the narial crest are preserved, the bordering elements indicate that ?G. alsatei was a ‘flat-headed’ saurolophine. Referral of ?G. alsatei to Gryposaurus would constitute a significant temporal range extension for the genus into late Maastrichtian time, and if correct, this long-lived lineage of hadrosaurs persisted nearly to the end of Cretaceous time in West Texas. ?G. alsatei was a contemporary of Edmontosaurus, the sole terminal Cretaceous hadrosaur in the northern Great Plains region, and neither possessed the ornate narial crest that characterized many earlier hadrosaurs.

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3

Hebel, Kurt J. "Javelina: An Environment for Digital Signal Processing Software Development." Computer Music Journal 13, no. 2 (1989): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3680039.

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4

Maeda, Masato, Eiji Shamoto, Toshimichi Moriwaki, and Haruo Nomura. "Measurement of Applied Force and Deflection in the Javelin Throw." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 15, no. 4 (November 1999): 429–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.15.4.429.

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The present paper presents a new sensor to measure 6 components of force and 2 components of deflection applied to the javelin during the throw. Since the javelin is deflected and vibraled during throwing, measurement of force and deflection applied to the javelin will provide important information for throwers in how to better throw the javelin and to design javelins with better dynamic characteristics. The sensor is designed not to significantly change the static and dynamic characteristics of the javelin. The force sensor performs well in terms of linearity and crosstalk, and the javelin equipped with this sensor has similar characteristics to ordinary javelins. The present paper also presents an example of measurement in the javelin throw.

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5

Shender, Lisa A., Rick Gerhold, Susan Sanchez, and M. Kevin Keel. "Alternaria Fungal Dermatitis in a Free-ranging Javelina (Pecari tajacu)." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 47, no. 3 (July 2011): 796–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.796.

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6

Ticer, Cindy L., Thomas E. Morrell, and James C. Devos Jr. "Diurnal Bed-Site Selection of Urban-Dwelling Javelina in Prescott, Arizona." Journal of Wildlife Management 65, no. 1 (January 2001): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3803286.

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7

Estrada-Ruiz, Emilio, and Hugo I. Martínez-Cabrera. "A New Late Cretaceous (Coniacian-Maastrichtian) Javelinoxylon Wood From Chihuahua, Mexico." IAWA Journal 32, no. 4 (2011): 521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000074.

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We describe a new fossil wood from the San Carlos Formation (Coniacian- Maastrichtian) in Chihuahua, northern Mexico. This Malvaceae s.l. wood is diffuse porous, vessels are solitary and in radial multiples, simple perforation plates, small alternate intervessel pits, vessel-ray parenchyma pits that are rounded with reduced borders, septate and nonseptate fibers, homocellular and heterocellular rays, and storied rays and vessel elements. These features support its inclusion within the genus Javelinoxylon, Malvaceae s.l., which occurs in other Upper Cretaceous localities in northern Mexico (Olmos Formation) and Texas (Aguja and Javelina Formations). This San Carlos fossil wood is the earliest occurrence of storied structure in the fossil record and the earliest angiosperm record for the State of Chihuahua, Mexico.

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8

Murry, Phillip A., Dale A. Winkler, and Louis L. Jacobs. "An azhdarchid pterosaur humerus from the Lower Cretaceous Glen Rose Formation of Texas." Journal of Paleontology 65, no. 1 (January 1991): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000020291.

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Pterosaurs are rare components of Texas Cretaceous faunas. The best known is Quetzalcoatlus northropi, from the Javelina Formation (Maastrichtian) of Big Bend National Park, with a wingspan of some 11-12 m (Lawson, 1975; Langston, 1986; Busbey and Lehmann, 1989). Texas pterosaur specimens of less spectacular proportions include a pteranodontid partial humerus (USNM 13804) from the Eagle Ford Formation (late Cenomanian-late Turonian) of Austin (Gilmore, 1935; Bennett, 1989) and a first wing phalanx of a pterodactyloid from the Buda Formation (Cenomanian) of Hays County (Langston, 1974; Lawson, 1975). Pterosaur bones were also recorded at localities near Forestburg, Montague County (Zangerl and Denison, 1950), in the Antlers Formation (Winkler et al., 1990), although these specimens are undiagnostic hollow bone fragments.

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9

Churcher, C. S. "Pleistocene mammals from Extinction Cave, Belize." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, no. 3 (March 2020): 366–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2018-0178.

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A small mammalian fauna is recorded from Extinction Cave (also called Sibun Cave), east of Belmopan, on the Sibun River, Belize, Central America. The animals recognized are armadillo (†Dasypus bellus), American lion (†Panthera atrox), jaguar (Panthera onca), puma or mountain lion (Puma concolor), Florida spectacled bear (†Tremarctos floridanus), javelina or collared peccary (Pecari tajacu), llama (Camelidae indet., †?Palaeolama mirifica), red brocket deer (Mazama americana), bison (Bison sp.) and Mexican half-ass (†Equus conversidens); sabre-toothed cat (†Smilodon fatalis) may also be represented. “†” indicates an extinct taxon. Bear and bison are absent from the region today. The bison record is one of the more southerly known. The bear record is almost the most westerly known and a first for Central America.

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10

Lehman, Thomas M., and Thomas A. Shiller. "An angiosperm woodland in the Javelina Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Big Bend National Park, Texas, U.S.A." Cretaceous Research 115 (November 2020): 104569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104569.

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11

Whiting, William C., Robert J. Gregor, and Marie Halushka. "Body Segment and Release Parameter Contributions to New-Rules Javelin Throwing." International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 7, no. 2 (May 1991): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.7.2.111.

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Eight male javelin throwers were filmed while throwing new-rules javelins during competition at five meets over a 2-year period. Body segment kinematics and javelin release parameters were assessed relative to their contribution to throwing performance. The data suggest that successful throws, as judged by distance thrown, are characterized by higher release speeds, longer last-step lengths, less flexion of the front-leg knee during the final plant phase, and an orderly progression of peak speeds at the hip, shoulder, and elbow from the onset of double leg support until release. Individual variability in performance was associated with differences measured between several throwing variables. Limitations inherent to two-dimensional analysis were identified that highlighted the need for three-dimensional investigation of the javelin throw.

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12

PÉREZ-CRESPO, VÍCTOR ADRIÁN, JOAQUÍN ARROYO-CABRALES, PEDRO MORALES-PUENTE, EDITH CIENFUEGOS-ALVARADO, and FRANCISCO J. OTERO. "Diet and habitat of mesomammals and megamammals from Cedral, San Luis Potosí, México." Geological Magazine 155, no. 3 (November 10, 2016): 674–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756816000935.

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AbstractUsing carbon and oxygen isotopic relationships from dental enamel, diet and habitat were inferred for both mesomammals and megamammals that lived in Cedral (San Luis Potosi, north-central México) during Late Pleistocene time. δ13C and δ18O values show that bison, some horses and mammoth were eating C4 plants and lived in open areas, while tapir, camel and some llamas ate C3 plants and inhabited closed areas. All other studied herbivores (pronghorn, glyptodont, mylodont ground sloth, javelina, mastodon, and other llamas, horses and mammoth) had a C3/C4 mixed diet, living in areas with some percentage of tree coverage. On the other hand, American lion and dire wolf ate either C4 or mixed-diet herbivores, and short-faced bear ate C3 herbivores. At Cedral, more humid conditions existed than presently, allowing the presence of a forested area near the grassland.

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13

Hunt, Rebecca K., and Thomas M. Lehman. "Attributes of the ceratopsian dinosaur Torosaurus, and new material from the Javelina Formation (Maastrichtian) of Texas." Journal of Paleontology 82, no. 6 (November 2008): 1127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000055335.

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A bone bed in the middle part of the Javelina Formation (Maastrichtian) in Texas yielded parts of about 37 identifiable ceratopsid dinosaur bones, mostly appendicular and limb girdle elements belonging to one juvenile and two adult individuals of Torosaurus cf. utahensis. The bone bed is a lag assemblage comprising large immobile parts of the skeletons accumulated in an abandoned stream channel. In general form and proportions the postcranial bones are similar to those in Pentaceratops sternbergi and are not as robust as those in Torosaurus latus or Triceratops horridus. A few cranial elements are preserved, including parts of a parietal, squamosal, maxilla, and two dentaries. The form of the parietal fragment is comparable to that of a more nearly complete specimen of Torosaurus cf. utahensis collected nearby at about the same stratigraphic level. The bone bed material provides a basis for the first skeletal reconstruction of this enigmatic horned dinosaur. Most characters used in diagnoses of T. utahensis and T. latus are inadequate. Only the raised bar along the squamosal/parietal suture, present in T. latus; and the midline epiparietal, absent in T. latus, may discriminate the two species.

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Hunt, Rebecca K., and Thomas M. Lehman. "Attributes of the Ceratopsian Dinosaur Torosaurus, and New Material from the Javelina Formation (Maastrichtian) of Texas." Journal of Paleontology 82, no. 6 (November 2008): 1127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/06-107.1.

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15

Wheeler, E. A., and T. M. Lehman. "LATE CRETACEOUS WOODY DICOTS FROM THE AGUJA AND JAVELINA FORMATIONS, BIG BEND NATIONAL PARK, TEXAS, USA." IAWA Journal 21, no. 1 (2000): 83–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000239.

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Angiosperm woods occur throughout Upper Cretaceous (84–66 million years old) continental strata of Big Bend National Park, Texas, USA. Vertebrate remains occur along the same stratigraphic levels, providing a rare opportunity to reconstruct associations of sedimentary facies, wood remains, and vertebrate remains. The wood collection sites span a vertical stratigraphic succession that corresponds to an environmental transect from poorly-drained coastal salt- or brackish water swamps to progressively better drained freshwater flood-plains lying at increasingly greater distance from the shoreline of the inland Cretaceous sea and at higher elevations. The eight dicot wood types of the Aguja Formation differ from the five types of the Javelina Formation, paralleling a change from a fauna dominated by duckbill and horned dinosaurs to a fauna dominated by the large sauropod, Alamosaurus. These woods increase the known diversity of Cretaceous woods, and include the earliest example of wood with characteristics of the Malvales. The lower part of the upper shale member of the Aguja contains numerous narrow axes, some seemingly in growth position, of the platanoid/ icacinoid type, and of another wood that has a suite of features considered primitive in the Baileyan sense. Duckbill dinosaur remains are common in the facies with these woods. In contrast to other Cretaceous localities with dicot wood, Paraphyllanthoxylon is not common. Dicotyledonous trees are most abundant at the top of the Aguja and the lower part of the Javelina Formations in sediments indicating well-drained inland fluvial flood-plain environments. One locality has logs and insitu stumps, with an average spacing of 12–13 metres between each tree, and trees nearly 1 metre in diameter. To our knowledge this is the first report of anatomically preserved in situ Cretaceous dicot trees. Javelinoxylon wood occurs at all levels where remains of the giant sauropod Alamosaurus occur. The vertebrate faunas of the late Cretaceous of New Mexico and Texas are said to comprise a ʻsouthernʼ fauna distinct from the ʻnorthern faunaʼ of Alberta and Montana. The wood remains are consistent with such provincialism. It has been suggested that dicots were not commonly trees in the late Cretaceous of the northern part of the western interior of North America. The Big Bend woods provide direct evidence for dicot trees having more than a subordinate role in Cretaceous vegetation at lower latitudes. Most of the dicot wood types of Big Bend are characterized by high proportions of parenchyma, over 50% in one type. Whether these high proportions of parenchyma are correlated with the higher CO2 levels of the Cretaceous and /or the pressures exerted by aggressive browsing by large dinosaur herbivores is unknown.

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16

Wick, Steven L., and Thomas M. Lehman. "A new ceratopsian dinosaur from the Javelina Formation (Maastrichtian) of West Texas and implications for chasmosaurine phylogeny." Naturwissenschaften 100, no. 7 (June 1, 2013): 667–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-013-1063-0.

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17

Best, Russell J., Roger M. Bartlett, and Richard A. Sawyer. "Optimal Javelin Release." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 11, no. 4 (November 1995): 371–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.11.4.371.

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This paper reports a study of the optimal release of men's and women's new and old rule javelins involving modeling, simulation, optimization (including sensitivity analysis), and simulation evaluation. Because of the lack of repro-ducibility in earlier results of two-dimensional flight simulation research, the paper presents a continuation of the two-dimensional model used previously. As expected, each javelin was found to have a different optimal release for a given individual, and the optimal release varied with the thrower's nominal release speed. A limited degree of simulation evaluation was achieved by comparison of the model and simulation results with measured throws. Within the constraints of measurement error, this tended to support both the adequacy of the two-dimensional model and the results of the simulations for such high standard throws. However, further experimental studies to quantify the angle of yaw (sideslip) in measured wind conditions are recommended to assess any changes needed to the two-dimensional model of javelin throwing and to determine the advisability of including this three-dimensional aspect of javelin release in future simulations.

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Hubbard, Mont, and LeRoy W. Alaways. "Optimum Release Conditions for the New Rules Javelin." International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 3, no. 3 (August 1987): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.3.3.207.

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Changes in the rules for construction of the men's javelin have dramatically altered the pitching moment profile as a function of angle of attack. Thus the optimal release conditions are different for the new javelin. Optimal release conditions are presented for nominal release velocities in the range 20 < vn < 35 m/s. Although the optimal release angle remains roughly constant near 30° over this speed range, the optimal angle of attack and pitching angular velocity change substantially with speed. The main effects of the rule change have been (a) to decrease the achievable range at a nominal velocity vn = 30 m/s by about 10% by making it impossible to take advantage of the javelin's potentially large aerodynamic lift forces, and (b) to make the flight much less sensitive to initial conditions.

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Hubbard, Mont, and Stephane Laporte. "Damping of Javelin Vibrations in Flight." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 13, no. 3 (August 1997): 269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.13.3.269.

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Javelin vibrations in flight are caused by large forces applied transversely to the javelin's long axis during its acceleration. These decay throughout the early portion of the flight but can have substantial effects on aerodynamic lift and drag forces. Vibration decay is due to two main factors: aerodynamic dissipation and material, or hysteretic, damping. The relative contributions of these two factors are identified using theoretical models and laboratory experiments. With models for vibration decay, flight simulations can include realistic, if hypothetical, vibrational effects on the achievable range.

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20

Stuempfle, Kristin J., Martin D. Hoffman, and Tamara Hew-Butler. "Association of Gastrointestinal Distress in Ultramarathoners With Race Diet." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 23, no. 2 (April 2013): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.23.2.103.

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Context:Gastrointestinal (GI) distress is common during ultrarunning.Purpose:To determine if race diet is related to GI distress in a 161-km ultramarathon.Methods:Fifteen (10 male, 5 female) consenting runners in the Javelina Jundred (6.5 loops on a desert trail) participated. Body mass was measured immediately prerace and after each loop. Runners reported if they had nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and/or diarrhea after each loop. Subjects were interviewed after each loop to record food, fluid, and electrolyte consumption. Race diets were analyzed using Nutritionist Pro.Results:Nine (8 male, 1 female) of 15 runners experienced GI distress including nausea (89%), abdominal cramps (44%), diarrhea (44%), and vomiting (22%). Fluid consumption rate was higher (p = .001) in runners without GI distress (10.9 ± 3.2 ml · kg−1 · hr−1) than in those with GI distress (5.9 ± 1.6 ml · kg−1 · hr−1). Runners without GI distress consumed a higher percentage fat (p = .03) than runners with GI distress (16.5 ± 2.6 vs. 11.1 ± 5.0). In addition, fat intake rate was higher (p = .01) in runners without GI distress (0.06 ± 0.03 g · kg−1 · hr−1) than in runners with GI distress (0.03 ± 0.01 g · kg−1 · hr−1). Lower fluid and fat intake rates were evident in those developing GI distress before the onset of symptoms.Conclusions:A race diet with higher percentage fat and higher intake rates of fat and fluid may protect ultramarathoners from GI distress. However, these associations do not indicate cause and effect, and factors other than race diet may have contributed to GI distress.

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Muhammad Zia ul Haq, Tasleem Arif, and Muhammad Akhtar Nawaz. "Angular Kinematics and Physical Fitness Analysis of Tall height and Short Height Javelin Throwers- A Case Study of The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan." Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 829–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v6i2.1255.

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This study was designed to compare the physical fitness and angular position of the university level javelin throwers. Eight tall height and (n = 08) short height javelin throwers were selected for data collection. A handgrip dynamometer, stadiometer, and weight balance were used for the measurements of physical fitness. Two video cameras a Kinovea software was utilized for video analysis of the Javelin throws. The selected variables were stature, body mass, standing broad jump, maximum bench press handgrip strength, the javelin throw distance. The angle of knee joint, elbow joints, and stride length was selected variables while performing the javelin throw. An independent t-test was applied to find mean difference among tall and short height javelin thrower. The result showed the distance of javelin throw, handgrip strength, maximum bench press, vertical jump, and standing broad jump of tall height throwers were significantly higher than short height javelin throwers. On the other hand, the tall height throwers were also significantly higher in extension of right elbow, right knee, and stride length than the short height at the time of the javelin release from hand. It was concluded the longer arms, body mass, and angular kinematics of javelin throwers are associated with the better performance. It is suggested the physical fitness would be include in the selection of javelin throw and angular movement of the right knee and elbow focused on training of javelin thrower.

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22

Cui, Wei, and Ji He Zhou. "Kinematic Analysis on Chinese Outstanding Javelin Athlete Ma Qun’s Final Force." Applied Mechanics and Materials 865 (June 2017): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.865.409.

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This paper mainly used the three dimensional photograph analysis method to analyze the best performance of Ma Qun and to acquire relevant kinematics parameters of his last exertion when throwing a javelin (mainly including the loss rate of body horizontal gravity speed, torso angle, right shoulder angle, length and time of the fourth step, the angle of javelin shooting, the posture angle, the stretch angle, attack angle, the shooting speed and height and so on),in order to analyze the recording in a more convenient way, we divide Ma Qun’s final exertion movement in his javelin throwing (by his right hand) into7 moments and 3 stages. During the javelin shooting stage, the initial javelin shooting speed of Ma Qun is 27.60 m/s, slower than the world’s excellent javelin athletes’ speed of 29.00m/s. The best angle of throwing javelin is about 32.00°, with the posture angle remain as 29.45°. And the javelin shooting angle of Ma Qun is 36.81° and his posture angle is 38.21°, both higher than the average index of the world’s excellent javelin athletes, casting a negative impact on his performance. After the comparison of relevant data between Ma Qun and excellent male javelin athletes all over the world, Ma Qun’s advantages and shortages have been found out, thus can help providing kinematics indicators and technical guidance for the training of Chinese athletes.

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Laraudogoitia, J. P. "Achilles’ Javelin." Erkenntnis 62, no. 3 (January 2005): 427–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10670-004-3776-0.

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Maeda, Masato, Haruo Nomura, Eiji Shamoto, and Toshimichi Moriwaki. "Dynamic analysis in javelin throwing considering javelin elasticity." Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences) 42, no. 4 (1997): 270–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.kj00003391590.

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Maeda, Masato, Haruo Nomura, Eiji Shamoto, and Toshimichi Moriwaki. "Measurement of force applied to javelin in javelin throwing." Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences) 39, no. 2 (1994): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.kj00003392016.

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Laela, Ana, Samsuddin Samsuddin, and Hernawan Hernawan. "Model of Javelin Throwing Learning for SMK Students." Journal Physical Education, Health and Recreation 5, no. 1 (October 29, 2020): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/pjkr.v5i1.19257.

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The aim of the study was to produce and develop a javelin learning model for SMK students. This research uses the method of Research and Development (R&D) of Borg and Gall, the subject of this research and development is the student/I SMK Negeri 2 Rangkas Bitung. In limited trials (small group trials) use subjects 20 students/I and a large group trial using 40 subjects while the effectiveness test was using the 40 subjects. In the test of the effectiveness of learning models using the instrument assessment instruments how to hold the javelin, prefix attitude, throwing movements, the final attitude/recovery using rubric/portfolio (Process Assessment). Analysis of the data in this study using test-T, the results of the initial test before given the treatment of a javelin learning model amounting to 52.93 then after giving the treatment of the learning model in javelin increased to 89.90. In the test of significance differences with application. Keywords: Learning Model, javelin throw

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Jiang, Min, and Ji He Zhou. "Optimization Calculation of Javelin Throwing Results." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 764–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.764.

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On the basis of javelin wind tunnel experiment, we established mathematical model of javelin flight to conduct a computer optimization and got the conclusions. When the initial velocity is in the range of 25m/s-30m/s, the best throwing condition is: the throwing angle is 40°, the angle of attack is 11°. The javelin throwing condition is not zero angle of attack was necessary and sufficient for obtained aerodynamic efficiency.

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Kobayashi, Takuto, Kazuya Seo, Shoya Kaneda, Kasumi Sasaki, Kento Shinji, Shogo Oyama, Hiroyuki Okuizumi, Yasufumi Konishi, Hiroaki Hasegawa, and Shigeru Obayashi. "Measurement of the Aerodynamic Forces Acting on a Non-Spinning Javelin Using an MSBS." Proceedings 49, no. 1 (June 15, 2020): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020049144.

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Using the world’s largest magnetic suspension and balance system (MSBS) and a low-turbulence wind tunnel, we successfully measured the aerodynamic forces acting on a non-spinning women’s javelin. It was found that the drag and the lift increased as the angle of attack was increased up to 18°. The pitching moment increased for angles of attack up to about 9°, and then decreased, becoming negative above 12°, indicating nose-down rotation. We used a pseudo supporting rod to simulate a javelin attached to a support, as used in a conventional setup, and confirmed that this interferes with the javelin by creating differences between the aerodynamics forces acting on the javelin with and without the pseudo supporting rod.

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Maeda, Masato. "Effects of release parameters on flight distance in the javelic ball throw as an event leading to the javelin throw." Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences) 64, no. 2 (December 16, 2019): 749–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.18088.

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Annisa, Chilmia Ayu, M. Fadjar Raharjo, Ahmad Zahid, Charles P. H. Simanjuntak, Aries Asriansyah, and Reiza M. Aditriawan. "Diet and Feeding Habits of the Javelin Grunt Pomadasys kaakan (Cuvier, 1830) in Pabean Bay West Java." Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada 20, no. 1 (May 27, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jfs.31498.

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The Pabean Bay is an estuary area that inhabited by many fish species such as javelin grunt (Pomadasys kaakan Cuvier, 1830). The purposes of this study were to identify food item and determine the feeding habit of the javelin grunt in The Pabean Bay, West Java. Fishes were collected monthly from June to December 2016 using gill nets and trap nets. Observation food is in vitro by conducting an examination of the stomach and the intestines of an example and refer on the books of the identification by Carpenter and Niem. Analysis of fish diet includes index of relative importance, niche breadth, and niche overlap. Fishes were grouped into three groups based on the size length. The result showed that the javelin grunt was crustacivore. Generally, the diet of javelin grunt consists of Acetes sp., Penaeus sp., Portunus sp., Clupeid, Ambassid, Sciaenid, Gobiid, Sillaginid, and unidentified organisms. Penaeus sp. was the main food and could be found on each size of group in monthly observation. The proportion of index of relative importance value was changed in regard of length size groups of A (41-85 mm: 12.105), B (86-130 mm: 13.804), and C (131-175 mm: 7.561). The niche breadth of javelin fish was higher in the larger ones and a high diet overlap among size groups was found. According to prey item and feeding habit, the javelin grunt can be classified as benthic crustacean feeder.

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Antti, Mero, Paavo V. Komi, Tapio Korjus, Enrique Navarro, and Robert J. Gregor. "Body Segment Contributions to Javelin Throwing during Final Thrust Phases." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 10, no. 2 (May 1994): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.10.2.166.

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This study investigated body segment contributions to javelin throwing during the last thrust phases. A 3-D analysis was performed on male and female javelin throwers during the finals of the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona. The subjects were videotaped from the right sight of the throwing area by two NAC high-speed cameras operating at 100 frames per second. Both men’s and women’s grip of javelin and body center of mass displayed a curved pathway to the right from the left (bracing) foot during the final foot contact. The position of the body center of mass decreased at the beginning of the final foot contact, but after the decrease period it began to increase. Simultaneously with the increase, the peak joint center speeds occurred in a proper sequence from proximal to distal segments and finally to the javelin at release. Release speed correlated significantly with throwing distance in both male and females.

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Kim, Tae-Sam, Ji-Seon Ryu, and Jae-Myoung Park. "The Kinematic Characteristics of Javelin in Korean Male Javelin Throwers Following Rank." Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics 23, no. 2 (June 30, 2013): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5103/kjsb.2013.23.2.099.

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MAEDA, Masato. "Effects of release parameters when throwing a wooden javelin in javelin throw." Proceedings of the Symposium on sports and human dynamics 2016 (2016): B—11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeshd.2016.b-11.

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MAEDA, Masato. "Rotational speed around the longitudinal axis of the javelin in javelin throw competitions." Proceedings of the Symposium on sports and human dynamics 2018 (2018): D—5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeshd.2018.d-5.

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SEO, Kazuya, and Masanari ITO. "Optimal release conditions for the javelin and the effect of the javelin tip." Proceedings of the Symposium on sports and human dynamics 2019 (2019): B—7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeshd.2019.b-7.

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W.A., Al-lami. "Systematic Directivity for Selecting Special Javelin Throw Exercises." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 4 (February 28, 2020): 4046–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i4/pr201517.

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Ganse, Bergita, and Hans Degens. "Accelerated Decline in Javelin Throwing Performance in Master Athletes 70 Years and Older – Do Changes in Technique Play a Role?" Sports Medicine International Open 02, no. 03 (June 2018): E79—E83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0635-0584.

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AbstractWhile many older adults are immobile and frail, others still participate in competitive sports. World records of javelin throw decrease with increasing age. It is, however, unknown 1) whether the decline is linear or, as in sprint performance, accelerates beyond the age of 69; and 2) to what extent frailty-related changes in throwing technique contribute to decreasing performance. We plotted current world records against age and assessed the performance of 27 male javelin throwers 69 years and older during three master athletics championships. Three to six throws were filmed, and the best throw of each athlete selected. A step-wise linear regression was applied to assess contributions of age, angle of release, angle of attitude, angle of attack and elbow angle just before the pull to performance. The ageing-related decline in javelin-throw performance accelerated after age 69. Age was the main predictor of performance (adjusted R2=0.68), with a small contribution of elbow angle (adjusted R2 increased to 0.76) and angle of attack (R2=0.82; all P<0.001) in the older athletes. None of the technique-related parameters correlated with age. Although the technique had some influence on javelin-throwing performance, the accelerated decline was not associated with a characteristic ageing-related change in technique.

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Munendra, Adhen Willy, and Ria Lumintuarso. "PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN LEMPAR LEMBING UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA (SMP)." Jurnal Keolahragaan 3, no. 2 (October 28, 2015): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jk.v3i2.6224.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan model pembelajaran lempar lembing untuk siswa SMP yang layak digunakan. Model pembelajaran yang dikembangkan diharapkan untuk digunakan guru SMP sebagai salah satu bentuk pembelajaran lempar lembing yang baik dan efektif. Penelitian pengembangan ini dilakukan dengan mengadaptasi langkah-langkah penelitian pengembangan sebagai berikut: (1) studi pendahuluan, (2) analisis terhadap informasi yang telah dikumpulkan, (3) mengembangkan produk awal (draf produk), (4) validasi ahli dan revisi, (5) uji coba skala kecil dan revisi, (6) uji coba lapangan skala besar dan revisi, dan (7) diseminasi produk hasil pengembangan. Uji coba skala kecil dilakukan 20 siswa terhadap siswa kelas 8 SMP Negeri 2 Karangnongko Klaten. Uji coba skala besar dilakukan terhadap 60 siswa kelas 8 SMP Negeri 1 Karangnongko dan SMP Negeri 1 Kemalang Klaten. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini berupa buku panduan dan CD model pembelajaran lempar lembing untuk siswa SMP, yang berisikan sepuluh model permainan, yaitu permainan: (1) kasvol; (2) bola estafet; (3) target papan; (4) target bola; (5) lempar angka; (6) perang bola; (7) parsim; (8) tardus; (9) pahsim, dan (10) pahdus. Dari hasil penilaian para ahli materi, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa model pembelajaran lempar lembing yang disusun sangat baik dan efektif, sehingga layak digunakan untuk pembelajaran lempar lembing pada siswa SMP. Kata kunci: pengembangan, model pembelajaran lempar lembing DEVELOPING A JAVELIN THROWING TEACHING MODEL FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS Abstract This research aims to produce a javelin throwing teaching model for junior high school students. This javelin throwing teaching model is expected to be used by teacher as a form of good and effective javelin throwing teaching. This research and development was conducted by adapting the steps of research development including: (1) preliminary study, (2) analysis of the gathered information, (3) developing the initial product, (4) expert’s validation and revision, (5) small scale trials and revision, (6) large-scale field trial and revision, and (7) dissemination of the product. The small scale trial was conducted in Karangnongko Klaten 2 State Junior High School with 20 second grade students. The large scale trial was conducted in Karangnongko Klaten 1 State Junior High School and Kemalang Klaten 1 State Junior High School with 60 second grade students The data were analysed using the descriptive quantitative and descriptive qualitative analyses The product of this research is a guide book and CD of javelin throwing teaching model for junior high school students, which contain ten games models, namely, the game model of: (1) kasvol; (2) relay; (3) board target; (4) ball target; (5) figures throwing; (6) ball war; (7) parsim; (8) tardus; (9) pahsim, and (10) pahdus. From the assessment of the subject-matter experts evaluation, it can be concluded that the developed javelin throwing teaching model is a good effective and feasible for the teaching of javelin throwing to junior high school students. Keywords: development, javelin throwing teaching model

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Yu, Z., C. S. Kochanek, B. M. Peterson, Y. Zu, W. N. Brandt, E. M. Cackett, M. M. Fausnaugh, and I. M. McHardy. "On reverberation mapping lag uncertainties." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 4 (December 11, 2019): 6045–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3464.

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ABSTRACT We broadly explore the effects of systematic errors on reverberation mapping lag uncertainty estimates from javelin and the interpolated cross-correlation function (ICCF) method. We focus on simulated light curves from random realizations of the light curves of five intensively monitored AGNs. Both methods generally work well even in the presence of systematic errors, although javelin generally provides better error estimates. Poorly estimated light-curve uncertainties have less effect on the ICCF method because, unlike javelin , it does not explicitly assume Gaussian statistics. Neither method is sensitive to changes in the stochastic process driving the continuum or the transfer function relating the line light curve to the continuum. The only systematic error we considered that causes significant problems is if the line light curve is not a smoothed and shifted version of the continuum light curve but instead contains some additional sources of variability.

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Gregor, Robert J., and Marilyn Pink. "Biomechanical Analysis of a World Record Javelin Throw: A Case Study." International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 1, no. 1 (February 1985): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.1.1.73.

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As part of an ongoing project to evaluate elite track and field throwers in the United States, the javelin competition was filmed during the 1983 Pepsi Invitational Track Meet. A high-speed video camera (Spin Physics SP2000) was positioned orthogonal to the javelin runway to record the release of all throws. During this competition, Tom Petranoff’s world record (99.72 m) was filmed at 200 fields per second. Subsequent frame-by-frame digitization yielded results consistent with reports in the literature. Release velocity was 32.3 m/s and represents one of the highest values ever reported. Angle of release was .57r, javelin attitude at release was .64r» and angle of attack was .07r. While optimum values for these release parameters, in light of published results, remain open to discussion, the results presented here represent unique information on a world record performance and can serve as a basis of comparison for future performances.

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Best, Russell J., Roger M. Bartlett, and Richard A. Sawyer. "Javelin release-applied optimal control." Journal of Biomechanics 25, no. 7 (July 1992): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(92)90505-u.

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42

Mohed S, Hager, Mohammed Jasim M, and Raghdeh Esmaeel K. "The Effect of Educational Tools Exercises on Certain Joints’ Angles in Javelin Performance and Achievement." American International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences 1, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijhass.v1i1.56.

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The study included a number of axes that concentrated on selecting the exercises used in the educational process by the physical education professors and mixing them using wires and plastic nets. These methods help achieving the goals of the educational exercises. The educational exercises included all the technical stages of the Javelin, and have simultaneously concentrated on its difficult aspects, since some of the stages require more than spears and medical balls, but rather tools that help the students learn the initial applications from holding the javelin to the release step, and help the students be precise with the track of the spear through the movement of the plastic, spear-like sticks in certain measurements through parallel-fixed wires, and curved-fixed as well. These tracks well help the students focus on how to perform in the technical stages without much thinking about carrying the tools or the gravity, and concentrate on struggling with steering the spear while running. After mastering the fixed tracks, the Javelin is now performed on the plastic nets. Then, the student do the Javelin using the legal tools on the legal field. The educational exercises along the helping tools were applied on the experiment group for four weeks, an average of two educational units per week. Then it was compared with the original group, and as the statistics show, the experimental group has exceeded the original group. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3376371

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43

Breeze, Andrew. "The Name of Truro, Cornwall." Antiquaries Journal 86 (September 2006): 317–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500000159.

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Kim, Woo-Jin. "The Relationship between the Distance and Kinematical Parameters of Javelin in Korean Male Javelin Throwers." Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics 24, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5103/kjsb.2014.24.3.217.

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Al-lami, Wael. "EFFECT OF EXERCISES ACCORDING TO THE BIOMECHANICS RECOMMENDATIONS FOR JAVELIN THROW." SCIENCE AND SPORT: current trends 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36028/2308-8826-2020-8-3-42-49.

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The purpose is to select and develop an exercise program adapted to the rate of contribution of biomechanical variables affecting the result in javelin throwing. Methods and organization of the research 1. Consideration of biomechanical variables in the development of javelin training process for the Iraqi national team has made a great contribution to sport performance. 2. We used data of a biomechanical analysis and a specialized physical fitness test to identify the levels of technical performance and physical fitness of the research participants. 3. The outcomes of the initial level of technical performance and specialized physical fitness enabled the development of models of technical performance and physical fitness with individual characteristics for participants in the experimental group. 4. Mathematical treatment of the educational experiment results revealed statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups. Results Exercises designed by the researcher in accordance with the contribution of the variables to the result positively affect not only performance of participants in the experimental group, but also modification of important variables in the throwing technique. Conclusion Javelin throw is a complex coordinated motor action. Its result depends on both the level of specialized physical fitness and technical excellence of an athlete. A biomechanical analysis of the technique of research participants, computerized processing of the results of technique analysis, and the creation of an experimental training program for athletes based on comparison with the criteria of outstanding throwers’ technique enabled improvement of sport performance and biomechanical variables of the javelin throw technique by the end of the experiment.

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Komi, Paavo V., and Antti Mero. "Biomechanical Analysis of Olympic Javelin Throwers." International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 1, no. 2 (May 1985): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.1.2.139.

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A two-dimensional film analysis was performed on five men and six women finalists in the javelin throw of the Los Angeles Olympic Games of 1984. In addition to the great interindividual variation in the measured kinematic and kinetic parameters, the results indicated that in men the winner had the highest release velocity of javelin (29.12 m × s−1), and that a significant (p < .01) relationship could be obtained between the release velocity and throwing distance. Despite great variation in throwing distance in women (55.88 m - 69.56 m) the release velocities were in relatively small range (20.73 m × s−1 - 23.62 m × s−1). High impact loading was specific to the last foot contact on the ground. It was characterized by a short duration (0.032 s) and high velocity knee flexion (12.66 ± 2.11 and 12.27 ± 3.81 rad × s−1, respectively, for men and women). The respective knee extension velocities averaged 5.80 ± 2.00 and 7.60 + 5.17 rad × s−1. Despite the fact that a small number of analyzed world-class throws revealed only some biomechanical differences between good and poorer performance, the results can be used to identify some new criteria for successful performance in javelin throw.

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Lee, Jong-Hoon. "Kinematical Analysis of Woman Javelin Throwing." Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics 12, no. 2 (August 30, 2002): 345–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5103/kjsb.2002.12.2.345.

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Neary, Michael O., Bernd O. Christiansen, Peter Cappello, and Klaus E. Schauser. "Javelin: Parallel computing on the internet." Future Generation Computer Systems 15, no. 5-6 (October 1999): 659–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-739x(99)00017-5.

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Farjoun, Yossi, and John Neu. "The Optimal Shape of a Javelin." Studies in Applied Mathematics 115, no. 3 (October 2005): 339–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9590.2005.00317.x.

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LeBlanc, M. K., and M. E. Feltner. "SEGMENTAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO JAVELIN SPEED 892." Medicine &amp Science in Sports &amp Exercise 29, Supplement (May 1997): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199705001-00891.

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