Academic literature on the topic 'Jaws Prognathism'
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Journal articles on the topic "Jaws Prognathism"
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Vukicevic, Vladanka, and Djordje Petrovic. "Relationship between head posture and parameters of sagittal position and length of jaws." Medical review 69, no. 9-10 (2016): 288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1610288v.
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Introduction. Head posture in relation to the cervical spine is correlated with the morphology of the face and jaw, the position and the mutual relationship of the maxilla and mandible, their length and inclination. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the head posture and parameters of the sagittal position and length of the jaws. Material and Methods. The study included 90 subjects (30 for I, II and II skeletal class each) between the ages of 8 and 14 years, who were examined at the Department of Dentistry of Vojvodina in Novi Sad. Each subject had the lateral cephalogram made, and the analysis was performed by means of the computer program ?Onyx Ceph.? The following parameters were analyzed: craniocervical angle, angle of maxillary prognathism, angle of mandibulary prognathism, the difference angles of maxillary and mandibulary prognathism, length of maxillae, and length of mandible. Results. The angle of maxillary prognathism was in positive correlation with the craniocervical angle in the patients with class I and II, and they were negatively correlated in the patients with class III. The angle of mandibulary prognathism was in positive correlation with the craniocervical angle in the patients with class I and III, but they were negatively correlated in the patients with class II. The patients with class II had a statistically significant positive correlation between the craniocervical angle and length of the maxilla, and a significant, but negative correlation between the craniocervical angle and length of the mandible. Conclusion. Increased extension of the head in relation to the cervical spine can be a contributing factor to the formation of class II malocclusion.
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Cutovic, Tatjana, Nebojsa Jovic, Ljiljana Stojanovic, et al. "A cephalometric analysis of the cranial base and frontal part of the face in patients with mandibular prognathism." Vojnosanitetski pregled 71, no. 6 (2014): 534–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp121212011c.
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Bacground/Aim. The literature suggests different views on the correlation between the cranial base morphology and size and saggital intermaxillary relationships. The aim of this study was to investigate the cranial base morphology, including the frontal facial part in patients with mandibular prognathism, to clarify a certain ambiguities, in opposing viewspoints in the literature. Methods. Cephalometric radiographies of 60 patients were analyzed at the Dental Clinic of the Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia. All the patients were male, aged 18-35 years, with no previous orthodontic treatment. On the basis of dental and sceletal relations of jaws and teeth, the patients were divided into two groups: the group P (patients with mandibular prognathism) and the group E (the control group or eugnathic patients). A total of 15 cephalometric parametres related to the cranial base, frontal part of the face and sagittal intermaxillary relationships were measured and analyzed. Results. The results show that cranial base dimensions and the angle do not play a significant role in the development of mandibular prognathism. Interrelationship analysis indicated a statistically significant negative correlation between the cranial base angle (NSAr) and the angles of maxillary (SNA) and mandibular (SNB) prognathism, as well as a positive correlation between the angle of inclination of the ramus to the cranial base (GoArNS) and the angle of sagittal intermaxillary relationships (ANB). Sella turcica dimensions, its width and depth, as well as the nasal bone length were significantly increased in the patients with mandibular prognathism, while the other analyzed frontal part dimensions of the face were not changed by the malocclusion in comparison with the eugnathic patients. Conclusion. This study shows that the impact of the cranial base and the frontal part of the face on the development of profile in patients with mandibular prognathism is much smaller, but certainly more complex, so that morphogenetic tests of the maxillomandibular complex should be included in further assessment of this impact.
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Cutovic, Tatjana, Nebojsa Jovic, Ruzica Kozomara, et al. "Cephalometric analysis of the middle part of the face in patients with mandibular prognathism." Vojnosanitetski pregled 71, no. 11 (2014): 1026–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1411026c.
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Background/Aim. The middle part of the face, that is the maxilla, has always been mentioned as a possible etiologic factor of skeletal Class III. However, the importance of the relationship of maxillary retroposition towards the cranial base is still unclear, although it has been examined many times. The aim of this study was to conduct cephalometric analysis of the morphology of maxilla, including the whole middle part of the face in patients with divergent and convergent facial types of mandibular prognathism, as well as to determine differences betweeen them. Methods. Lateral cephalometric teleradiograph images of 90 patients were analyzed at the Dental Clinic of the Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia. All the patients were male, aged 18-35 years, not previously treated orthodontically. On the basis of dentalskeletal relations of jaws and teeth, the patients were divided into three groups: the group P1 (patients with divergent facial type of mandibular prognathism), P2 (patients with convergent facial type of mandibular pragmathism) and the group E (control group or eugnathic patients). A total of 9 cephalometric parameters related to the middle face were measured and analyzed: the length of the hard palate - SnaSnp, the length of the maxillary corpus - AptmPP, the length of the soft palate, the angle between the hard and soft palate - SnaSnpUt, the angle of inclination of the maxillary alveolar process, the angle of inclination of the upper front teeth, the effective maxillary length - CoA, the posterior maxillary alveolar hyperplasia - U6PP and the angle of maxillary prognathism. Results. The obtained results showed that the CoA, AptmPP and SnaSnp were significally shorter in patients with divergent facial type of mandibular prognathism compared to patients with convergent facial type of the mandibular prognathism and also in both experimental groups of patients compared to the control group. SnaSnp was significantly shorter in patients with divergent facial type of mandibular prognathism compared to the control group, whereas SnaSnp was significantly smaller in patients with convergent facial type of mandibular prognathism compared to the control group. Additionally, there was a pronounced incisor dentoalveolar compensation of skeletal discrepancy in both groups of patients with mandibular prognathism manifested in the form of a significant upper front teeth protrusion, but without significant differences among the groups, while the maxillary retrognathism was present in most patients of both experimental groups. A pronounced UGPP was found only in the patients with divergent type of mandibular prognathism. Conclusion. The maxilla is certainly one of the key factors which contributes to making the diagnosis, but primarily to making a plan for mandibular prognathism treatment. Accurate assessment of the manifestation of abnormality, localization of skeletal problems and understanding of the biological potential are key factors of the stability of the results of surgical-orthodontic treatment of this abnormality.
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Cutovic, Tatjana, Jasna Pavlovic, and Ruzica Kozomara. "Radiographic cephalometry analysis of dimensions of condylar processus in persons with mandibular prognathism." Vojnosanitetski pregled 65, no. 7 (2008): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0807513c.
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Introduction/Aim. There are numerous factors that influence the formation of condylar processus: the growth and development of cranial base, growth and development of the jaws and alveolar extensions, teething, the way of intercuspidation, the overlap of incisors, functions of masticatory muscles, etc. Considering the fact that the above-mentioned factors significantly differ in persons with different morphological set of the face, we set a hypothesis that dimensions of condylar processus and the mandibular ramus considerably differ in persons with mandibular prognathism compared to eugnatic persons. The aim of this study was to establish the differences in dimensions of condylar processus between the above-mentioned groups. Methods. Six parameters representing the dimensions of the condylar processus were measured on profile teleradiographs of 30 eugnatic persons and 30 paersons with mandibular prognathism: the height of condylar processus, the height of head of the mandible, width of the head, width of the neck, height of the ramus without the condylar processus and the overall height of the ramus. Results. A considerable difference in the values of the parameters was found, as well as the distribution toward the values of reference. It was found that the height of the condylar processus was significantly greater in persons with mandibular prognathism, whereas the width of the head of the mandible, the width of the neck and the height of the ramus without the condylar processus was considerably decreased within the same group. The height of the head of the mandible and the overall height of the ramus was not significantly changed. Conclusion. In persons with mandibular prognathism, morphological features of the condylar processus are changed. The condylar processus lengthens on account of shortening of the lower part of the ramus, and the mentioned lengthening is the most prominent in its condylar neck area which is also the centre of its most intense growth.
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Jose Cherackal, George, Eapen Thomas, and Akhilesh Prathap. "Combined Orthodontic and Surgical Approach in the Correction of a Class III Skeletal Malocclusion with Mandibular Prognathism and Vertical Maxillary Excess Using Bimaxillary Osteotomy." Case Reports in Dentistry 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/797846.
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For patients whose orthodontic problems are so severe that neither growth modification nor camouflage offers a solution, surgery to realign the jaws or reposition dentoalveolar segments is the only possible treatment. Surgery is not a substitute for orthodontics in these patients. Instead, it must be properly coordinated with orthodontics and other dental treatments to achieve good overall results. Dramatic progress in recent years has made it possible for combined surgical orthodontic treatment to be carried out successfully for patients with a severe dentofacial problem of any type. This case report provides an overview of the current treatment methodology in managing a combination of asymmetrical mandibular prognathism and vertical maxillary excess.
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Ihde, Stefan K. A. "Fixed Prosthodontics in Skeletal Class III Patients With Partially Edentulous Jaws and Age-Related Prognathism." Implant Dentistry 8, no. 3 (1999): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008505-199903000-00005.
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Vukicevic, Vladanka, Jasna Pavlovic, Amila Vujacic, Brankica Martinovic, Mirjana Kostic, and Danijela Staletovic. "Radiographic cephalometry analysis of head posture and craniofacial morphology in oral breathing children." Vojnosanitetski pregled 74, no. 11 (2017): 1048–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp160127297v.
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Background/Aim. Nasal breathing plays an important role in overall physical growth and mental development, as well as in the growth of the craniofacial complex. Oral breathing over a long period of time, can cause changes in position of the head relative to the cervical spine and jaw relationship. It can cause an open bite and the narrowness of the maxillary arch due to increased pressure of strained face. The aim of this study was to analyze the position of the head and craniofacial morphology in oral breathing children, and compare the values obtained compared with those of the same parameters in nasal brething children. Methods. We analyzed the profile cephalometric radiographs of 60 patients who had various orthodontic problems. In the first group there were 30 patients aged 8?14 years, in which oral breathing is confirmed by clinical examination. In the second group there were 30 patients of the same age who had orthodontic problems, but did not show clinical signs of oral breathing. The analyses covered the following: craniocervical angle (NS/OPT), the length of the anterior cranial base (NS), anterior facial height (N-Me), posterior facial height (S-Go), the angle of maxillary prognathism (SNA), angle of mandibular prognathism (SNB), difference between angles SNA and SNB (ANB angle), the angle of the basal planes of the jaws (SpP/MP), cranial base angle (NSB), and the angle of facial convexity (NA/Apg). Results. The average value of the craniocervical angle (NS/OPT) was significantly higher in OB children (p = 0.004). There were significantly different values of SNA (p < 0.001), ANB (p < 0.001), NA/APg (p < 0.001) and length of the anterior cranial base (NS) (p = 0.024) between groups. Conclusion. Oral breathing children have pronounced retroflexion of the head in relation to the cervical spine compared to nasal breathing children, and the most prominent characteristics of the craniofacial morphology of skeletal jaw relationship of class II and increased facial convexity.
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Stojanovic, Zdenka, Predrag Nikolic, Angelina Nikodijevic, Jasmina Milic, and Milos Duka. "Analysis of variation of sagittal position of the jaw bones in skeletal class III malocclusion." Vojnosanitetski pregled 69, no. 12 (2012): 1039–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1212039s.
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Background/Aim. Skeletal Class III malocclusion is a discrepancy in the sagittal jaw relationship, due to imbalances in their development and/or position, resulting in the dominant appearance of the lower jaw in facial profile. The aim of this study was to determine variations in the sagittal position of the jaw bones to the cranial base in subjects with skeletal Class III, for the earliest possible diagnosis of malocclusion. Methods. Fifty children and as many adults with skeletal Class III, both sexes, were examined and selected, based on the findings of sagittal interjaw relationship (ANB) ? 0? from the cephalometric analysis of tele-x-ray profile head shots. The subjects were grouped according to age. The first group consisted of children aged 6-12 years, and another group, of adults aged 18-26 years. We measured the angles of maxillary prognathism (SNA), mandibular prognathism (SNB) and ANB. Based on these results, within the respective groups subclassification into the subgroups was done, among which a significant difference measured values was evaluated. In both groups a significant correlation of the determined values was evaluated. Results. An average SNA angle ranged 77.36 ? 3.58 in children and 77.32 ? 4.88 in adults, while an average SNB angle was 79.46 ? 3.91 in the group of children and 81.12 ? 3.76 in adults. An average ANB angle was -2.10 ? 2.07 in children, and -4.00 ? 2.34 in adults. In both groups, a significant correlation between the measured values and a significant difference in the values of all the measured parameters were found between patients from different subgroups (p < 0.01). Conclusion. The most common morphological variation of sagittal position of the upper jaw is its retrognatism, which is equally present in both children and adults. Sagittal position of the lower jaw in most of the adults was prognathic, while mandible prognathism in the children was less present.
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Kurokawa, Makoto, Hiroyuki Kanzaki, Hajime Tokiwa, et al. "The main occluding area in normal occlusion and mandibular prognathism." Angle Orthodontist 86, no. 1 (2015): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/111114-807.1.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To clarify whether the concept of main occluding area, where hard food is initially crushed, exists in patients who have a jaw deformity. Materials and Methods: Nineteen subjects with normal occlusion, 18 patients with mandibular prognathism, and 11 patients with mandibular prognathism who had undergone orthognathic surgery participated in this study. The main occluding area was identified by clenching Temporary Stopping. The coincidence, location of the main occluding area, and distance from the first molars to main occluding area were examined. Results: High coincidence of the main occluding area was obtained in all groups, signifying that the main occluding area exists even in these patients. Mandibular main occluding area was located on the first molar in all groups. Maxillary main occluding area in subjects with normal occlusion was located on the first molar. However, it was located on the second premolar and first molar in patients with mandibular prognathism, and on the first and second molars in patients with mandibular prognathism who had undergone orthognathic surgery. There was a statistically significant difference in distance from the maxillary first molar to the main occluding area among groups, but there was no difference in the distance from the mandibular first molar among groups. Conclusion: The main occluding area is more stable on the mandibular first molar than the maxilla in all groups.
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Sun, R., Y. Wang, M. Jin, L. Chen, Y. Cao, and F. Chen. "Identification and Functional Studies of MYO1H for Mandibular Prognathism." Journal of Dental Research 97, no. 13 (2018): 1501–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034518784936.
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Mandibular prognathism (MP) is regarded as a craniofacial deformity resulting from the combined effects of environmental and genetic factors, while the genetically predetermined component is considered to play an important role to develop MP. Although linkage and association studies for MP have identified multiple strongly associated regions and genes, the causal genes and variants responsible for the deformity remain largely undetermined. To address this, we performed targeted sequencing of 396 genes selected from previous studies as well as genes and pathways related with craniofacial development as primary candidates in 199 MP cases and 197 controls and carried out a series of statistical and functional analyses. A nonsynonymous common variant of MYO1H rs3825393, C>T, p.Pro1001Leu, was identified to be significantly associated with MP. During zebrafish embryologic development, expression of MYO1H orthologous genes were detected at mandibular jaw. Furthermore, jaw cartilage defects were observed in zebrafish knockdown models. Collectively, these data demonstrate that MYO1H is required for proper jaw growth and contributes to MP pathogenesis, expanding our knowledge of the genetic basis of MP.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Jaws Prognathism"
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Huang, Chun Yuan, and 黃俊源. "Comparison of the Mandibular Canal in Patients with Normal Jaw Relation, Retrognathism and Prognathism: Relevance to the Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j988b6.
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碩士<br>長庚大學<br>顱顏口腔醫學研究所<br>104<br>Background/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the position of the mandibular canal in relation to the buccal cortical bone in Chinese patients with the three dentofacial relationships: normal dentition, retrognathism, and prognathism.
Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography and lateral cephalograms of patients with normal dentation, retrognathism, and prognathism (n = 32 each group) were reviewed. Measurements of the shortest distance from the outer/buccal edge of the mandibular canal to the inner surface of the buccal cortex, and the distance from the lingula of the ramus to the distal root of the first molar were recorded. One-way ANOVA was performed to compare the three groups.
Results: No significant difference was observed between the three groups in the distribution of contact or fusion of the mandibular canal, or in the course of the mandibular canal on the right or left side. When the shortest distance at the lingula on the left side was > 2.1 mm, no instances of contact or fusion were observed. On the right side, 100% of the patients had no contact or fusion when the shortest distance was > 2.7 mm at the lingual. The mandibular canal was nearest the cortical bone at the point halfway between the lingula and the anterior ramus border.
Conclusions: The shortest distance from the outer/buccal edge of the mandibular canal to the inner surface of the buccal cortex, measured at the lingual, can predict contact or fusion. During sagittal split ramus osteotomy, surgeons should be very careful at the point halfway between the lingula and the anterior ramus border where the mandibular canal is nearest the cortical bone.
Book chapters on the topic "Jaws Prognathism"
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Kimbel, William H., Yoel Rak, Donald C. Johanson, Ralph L. Holloway, and Michael S. Yuan. "A.L. 444-2: The Skull as a Whole." In The Skull of Australopithecus afarensis. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195157062.003.0006.
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Among the largest Plio-Pleistocene hominin skulls found to date, A.L. 444-2 is bigger, though not by much, than an average female gorilla’s skull. At first glance, A.L. 444-2 assumes a somewhat simian appearance, the outcome of a relatively small braincase combined with an inclined frontal squama and prognathic jaws. However, this apelike appearance is offset by several distinctive hominin features: a very tall face that is much less prognathic than would be expected from the skull’s general simian-like appearance; a deep, vertical mandibulosymphyseal profile; delicate supraorbital elements; and the absence of a supratoral sulcus intervening between the frontal squama and the forward-jutting supraorbital element. Nevertheless, the characteristics that account for the skull’s hominin appearance demonstrate a certain uniqueness, which is manifested in the disproportion between the considerable total height of the face and the great size of its constituent elements (primarily the zygomatic and maxillary bones), on the one hand, and the delicateness of the supraorbital element and the almost negligible degree of its anterior projection, on the other. An apparent unevenness emerges along the vertical axis of the face between its upper portion—the orbits, including the elements above and between them—and its lower portion, that is, the elements below the level of orbitale down to gnathion. Undoubtedly, part of this appearance stems from the heavy, somewhat vertical, deep, and anteriorly bulbous symphyseal region of the mandible. The corresponding region in the African apes, in contrast, is transversely pinched, as its two sides converge downward toward the midline. Furthermore, the region slopes inferoposteriorly; in anterior view, it is tucked under the alveolar element and hence is less exposed than in A.L. 444-2. The preservation of the mandible of A.L. 444-2 and its occlusion with the upper dental arcade afford a unique opportunity to evaluate some of the characteristics of an entire A. afarensis skull. Two standard measurements can be recorded: the distance between gnathion and the estimated site of nasion—a measure of the total height of the face—which is 150 mm, and the distance between gnathion and basion, estimated at 157 mm.
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Temple, Christine M. "Klinefelter Syndrome." In Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities of Pediatric Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0025.
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Klinefelter syndrome (KS) was first identified by Dr. Harry Klinefelter in 1942 (Klinefelter, Reifenstein, and Albright 1942) in a report of nine tall men with hypogonadism, sparse body hair, gynecomastia, and infertility. The associated chromosome disorder 47XXY was identified several years later (Jacobs and Strong 1959). The full phenotype consists of hypogonadism, low testosterone levels, infertility, gynecomastia, sparse body hair, eunuchoid body habitus, long legs and arm span, and above-average height. However, except for hypogonadism (small testes), which is present in nearly all individuals with XXY, the physical phenotype may be quite variable. In live-born males, KS has an incidence of 1:500 to 1:1,000 (Bojesen, Juul, and Gravholt 2003; Hamerton, Canning, Ray, and Smith 1975; Ratcliffe, Bancroft, Axworthy, and McLaren 1982; Rovet, Netley, Keenan, Bailey, and Stewart 1996), with a further incidence of 1:300 in spontaneous abortions (Hassold and Jacobs 1984). Klinefelter syndrome is the most common of the sex chromosome abnormalities and the second most common chromosomal disorder after Down syndrome. The possibility that incidence is increasing has also been raised (Morris, Alberman, Scott, and Jacobs 2008). Despite this, possibly as a consequence of poor identification, the syndrome has been studied less extensively than, for example, Turner syndrome (45XO) and many other developmental disorders. Boys with KS are generally tall and long-limbed but with increasing height in the population, these characteristics alone are not necessarily distinguishing. Individuals with KS are generally not immediately identifiable, and many cases of KS remain unidentified throughout life. Up to two-thirds of cases may never be identified clinically (Lanfranco, Kamischke, Zitzmann, and Nieschlag 2004). There is no clearly identifiable facial appearance, although mandibular prognathism (a prominent lower jaw and extended chin) is reported on group analysis using radiographic cephalometry (Brown, Alvesalo, and Townsend 1993). Increased genetic screening now means that 10% of cases in the United Kingdom are diagnosed prenatally on the basis of karyotype, with a further 25% of cases diagnosed during childhood (Abramsky and Chapple 1997). However, this means that 65% of cases reach puberty undiagnosed. In Belgium, fewer than 10% of expected cases are diagnosed before puberty (Bojesen et al. 2003).