Journal articles: 'Jaws Signal processing'

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Wang, Hui Jun, and Guan Li. "A Design of the Bone Conduction Ultrasonic Hearing Device." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 2330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.2330.

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In view of the fact that the traditional gas conduction hearing AIDS does not function to the patients with ear canal jams, this paper introduces a kind of ultrasonic hearing devices. Through the ultrasonic voice signals sent by the bone conduction modulation, the hearing-impaired patients can get a certain degree of hearing. The device, with TM320VC5410 as signal processing unit, modulates the voice signals with ultrasonic and transmit the signals through the bone conduction headphone to human auditory nerves. The experimental results show that the hearing devices can help patients with severe deafness recognize sound and voice. As a result, it is of high application value.

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Moore, Jonathan, and Adam Hill. "Dynamic Diffuse Signal Processing for Sound Reinforcement and Reproduction." Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 66, no. 11 (November 16, 2018): 953–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2018.0054.

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Snyder, Heidi Link, Igor Bačík, Jack R. Bennink, Grainne Kearns, Timothy W. Behrens, Thomas Bächi, Marian Orlowski, and Jonathan W. Yewdell. "Two Novel Routes of Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing (TAP)-independent Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Antigen Processing." Journal of Experimental Medicine 186, no. 7 (October 6, 1997): 1087–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.186.7.1087.

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Jaw1 is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident protein representative of a class of proteins post translationally inserted into membranes via a type II membrane anchor (cytosolic NH2 domain, lumenal COOH domain) in a translocon-independent manner. We found that Jaw1 can efficiently deliver a COOH-terminal antigenic peptide to class I molecules in transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP)-deficient cells or cells in which TAP is inactivated by the ICP47 protein. Peptide delivery mediated by Jaw1 to class I molecules was equal or better than that mediated by the adenovirus E3/19K glycoprotein signal sequence, and was sufficient to enable cytofluorographic detection of newly recruited thermostabile class I molecules at the surface of TAP-deficient cells. Deletion of the transmembrane region retargeted Jaw1 from the ER to the cytosol, and severely, although incompletely, abrogated its TAP-independent peptide carrier activity. Use of different protease inhibitors revealed the involvement of a nonproteasomal protease in the TAP-independent activity of cytosolic Jaw1. These findings demonstrate two novel TAP-independent routes of antigen processing; one based on highly efficient peptide liberation from the COOH terminus of membrane proteins in the ER, the other on delivery of a cytosolic protein to the ER by an unknown route.

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Abdullah, S., M. Loman, and N. Jamaluddin. "Signal Processing Method for Evaluating Fatigue Damage in a Piping System." Journal of Applied Sciences 9, no. 13 (June 15, 2009): 2381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2009.2381.2389.

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Zhang, Mingfeng, Hengwei Lu, Gang Ren, Sarah Smith, James Beauchamp, and Mark Bocko. "A Matlab-Based Signal Processing Toolbox for the Characterization and Analysis of Musical Vibrato." Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 65, no. 5 (May 26, 2017): 408–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2017.0010.

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Sun, Meng-Jia, Yingying Liu, Yaming Yan, Rui Li, Qiang Shi, Yong Sheng Zhao, Yu-Wu Zhong, and Jiannian Yao. "In Situ Visualization of Assembly and Photonic Signal Processing in a Triplet Light-Harvesting Nanosystem." Journal of the American Chemical Society 140, no. 12 (March 9, 2018): 4269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b12519.

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Castello, M. E., P. A. Aguilera, O. Trujillo-Cenoz, and A. A. Caputi. "Electroreception in Gymnotus carapo: pre-receptor processing and the distribution of electroreceptor types." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 21 (November 1, 2000): 3279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.21.3279.

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This paper describes the peripheral mechanisms involved in signal processing of self- and conspecific-generated electric fields by the electric fish Gymnotus carapo. The distribution of the different types of tuberous electroreceptor and the occurrence of particular electric field patterns close to the body of the fish were studied. The density of tuberous electroreceptors was found to be maximal on the jaw (foveal region) and very high on the dorsal region of the snout (parafoveal region), decaying caudally. Tuberous type II electroreceptors were much more abundant than type I electroreceptors. Type I electroreceptors occurred exclusively on the head and rostral trunk regions, while type II electroreceptors were found along as much as 90 % of the fish. Electrophysiological data indicated that conspecific- and self-generated electric currents are ‘funnelled’ by the high conductivity and geometry of the body of the fish. These currents are concentrated at the peri-oral zone, where most electroreceptors are located. Moreover, within this region, field vector directions were collimated, constituting the most efficient stimulus for electroreceptors. It can be concluded that the passive properties of the fish tissue represent a pre-receptor device that enhances exafferent and reafferent electrical signals at the fovea-parafoveal region.

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Gil Jiménez, Víctor P., and M. Julia Fernández-Getino García. "Simple Design of Wireless Sensor Networks for Traffic Jams Avoidance." Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/380794.

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Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are usually approached by exhaustive measuring and complex signal processing including medium-high cost hardware deployment. In this paper, a novel design of a wireless sensor network system using magnetometers and microphones for the detection and avoidance of traffic jams is described and analyzed. The system, which can also be used for traffic monitoring and surveillance, is simple, energy efficient, and accurate which allows to be implemented with a reduced hardware cost. In order to reduce the maintenance tasks, mini solar panels would also be installed for powering up the motes in the near future.

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Jebashini, P., R. Uma, P. Dhavachelv, and Hon Kah Wye. "A Survey and Comparative Analysis of Multiply-Accumulate (MAC) Block for Digital Signal Processing Application on ASIC and FPGA." Journal of Applied Sciences 15, no. 7 (June 15, 2015): 934–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2015.934.946.

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Sonmezocak, Temel, and Serkan Kurt. "Machine learning and regression analysis for diagnosis of bruxism by using EMG signals of jaw muscles." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 69 (August 2021): 102905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102905.

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Nistor, S., and A. S. Buda. "Using Different Mapping Function In GPS Processing For Remote Sensing The Atmosphere." Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jaes-2015-0024.

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Abstract Due to development of GPS technology and by using the combination LC of L1 and L2 frequency the first order effect of the ionosphere tends to be canceled. Thus the main source of errors in the atmosphere which causes the delay in GPS signal is the neutral part of the atmosphere, usually referred to tropospheric delay. In general, the delay is computed at the zenith direction and it is referred to zenith tropospheric delay. The zenith tropospheric delay consist of two parts: zenith hydrostatic delay and zenith wet delay. The zenith hydrostatic delay can be very well modeled which accounts for nearly 90% to 100% of the atmospheric delay. The zenith wet delay is due to the water vapor and represents the “harder” part that need to be modeled caused by “unmixed” condition of the wet atmosphere. The influence of the zenith wet delay is around 0-40 cm. The aim of the article is to present the results obtain on the network of three station which were spread around the Oradea city using different types of mapping functions. The mapping functions are: global pressure and temperature – GPT2 and Vienna mapping function – VMF1. For the vertical studies to obtain the highest accuracy, the recommended mapping function is VMF1.

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Kalani, Hadi, Sahar Moghimi, and Alireza Akbarzadeh. "Toward a bio-inspired rehabilitation aid: sEMG-CPG approach for online generation of jaw trajectories for a chewing robot." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 51 (May 2019): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2019.02.022.

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Hung, Chung-Wen, Shi-Xuan Zeng, Ching-Hung Lee, and Wei-Ting Li. "End-to-End Deep Learning by MCU Implementation: An Intelligent Gripper for Shape Identification." Sensors 21, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030891.

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This paper introduces a real-time processing and classification of raw sensor data using a convolutional neural network (CNN). The established system is a microcontroller-unit (MCU) implementation of an intelligent gripper for shape identification of grasped objects. The pneumatic gripper has two embedded accelerometers to sense acceleration (in the form of vibration signals) on the jaws for identification. The raw data is firstly transferred into images by short-time Fourier transform (STFT), and then the CNN algorithm is adopted to extract features for classifying objects. In addition, the hyperparameters of the CNN are optimized to ensure hardware implementation. Finally, the proposed artificial intelligent model is implemented on a MCU (Renesas RX65N) from raw data to classification. Experimental results and discussions are introduced to show the performance and effectiveness of our proposed approach.

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Koc, Duygu, Arife Dogan, and Bulent Bek. "Bite Force and Influential Factors on Bite Force Measurements: A Literature Review." European Journal of Dentistry 04, no. 02 (April 2010): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697833.

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Maximum voluntary bite force is an indicator of the functional state of the masticatory system and the level of maximum bite force results from the combined action of the jaw elevator muscles modified by jaw biomechanics and reflex mechanisms. The measurement of bite force can provide useful data for the evaluation of jaw muscle function and activity. It is also an adjunctive value in assessing the performance of dentures. Technological advances in signal detection and processing have improved the quality of the information extracted from bite force measurements. However, these measurements are difficult and the reliability of the result depends on a number of factors, such as presence of pain and temporomandibular disorders, gender, age, cranio-facial morphology, and occlusal factors. In addition to these physiological factors, recording devices and techniques are important factors in bite force measurement. Therefore, one should be careful when comparing the bite force values reported in the research. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:223-232)

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Ventura, Ricardo V., Rafael Z. Lopes, Lucas T. Andrietta, Fernando Bussiman, Julio Balieiro, Roberto carvalheiro, Fabyano Silva, Luiz Brito, and Anderson Alves. "402 Audio information retrieval for describing gait patterns in Brazilian horses." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.048.

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Abstract The Brazilian gaited horse industry is growing steadily, even after a recession period that affected different economic sectors in the whole country. Recent numbers suggested an increase on the exports, which reveals the relevance of this horse market segment. Horses are classified according to the gait criteria, which divide the horses in two groups associated with the animal movements: lateral (Marcha Picada) or diagonal (Marcha_Batida). These two gait groups usually show remarkable differences related to speed and number of steps per fixed unit of time, among other factors. Audio retrieval refers to the process of information extraction obtained from audio signals. This new data analysis area, in comparison to traditional methods to evaluate and classify gait types (as, for example, human subjective evaluation and video monitoring), provides a potential method to collect phenotypes in a reduced cost manner. Audio files (n = 80) were obtained after extracting audio features from freely available YouTube videos. Videos were manually labeled according to the two gait groups (Marcha Picada or Marcha Batida) and thirty animals were used after a quality control filter step. This study aimed to investigate different metrics associated with audio signal processing, in order to first cluster animals according to the gait type and subsequently include additional traits that could be useful to improve accuracy during the identification of genetically superior animals. Twenty-eight metrics, based on frequency or physical audio aspects, were carried out individually or in groups of relative importance to perform Principal Component Analysis (PCA), as well as to describe the two gait types. The PCA results indicated that over 87% of the animals were correctly clustered. Challenges regarding environmental interferences and noises must be further investigated. These first findings suggest that audio information retrieval could potentially be implemented in animal breeding programs, aiming to improve horse gait.

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Mishra, S., D. Bhattacharya, A. Gupta, and V. R. Singh. "ADAPTIVE TRAFFIC LIGHT CYCLE TIME CONTROLLER USING MICROCONTROLLERS AND CROWDSOURCE DATA OF GOOGLE APIs FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W7 (September 20, 2018): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w7-83-2018.

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Abstract. Controlling of traffic signals optimally helps in avoiding traffic jams as vehicle volume density changes on temporally short and spatially small scales. Nowadays, due to embedded system development with the rising standards of computational technology, condense electronics boards as well as software packages, system can be developed for controlling cycle time in real time. At present, the traffic control systems in India lack intelligence and act as an open-loop control system, with no feedback or sensing network, due to the high costs involved. This paper aims to improve the traffic control system by integrating different technologies to provide intelligent feedback to the existing network with congestion status adapting to the changing traffic density patterns. The system presented in this paper aims to sense real-time traffic congestion around the traffic light using Google API crowdsource data and hence avoids infrastructure cost of sensors. Subsequently, it manipulates the signal timing by triggering and conveying information to the timer control system. Generic information processing and communication hardware system designed in this paper has been tested and found to be functional for a pilot run in real time. Both simulation and hardware trials show the transmission of required information with an average time delay of 1.2 seconds that is comparatively very small considering cycle time.

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Esmaielzadeh, Sajad, Hassan Ahmadi, and Seyed Abbas Hosseini. "Damage Detection of Concrete Gravity Dams using Hilbert-Huang Method." Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2018-0012.

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Abstract Damage detection in concrete gravity dams using Hilbert-Huang Method, as one of the most common signal processing techniques, is studied in this research. After considering a typical geometry for dams, damage is modelled by a reduction in the modulus of elasticity in the dam’s body (in three levels of damage) and in different areas of the structure. The dam is excited by a horizontal earthquake and the primary natural frequencies of the dam are calculated by applying Hilbert-Huang Method to the measured response, which is the acceleration of five points in the system. Based on the changes in the frequencies of the damaged and undamaged structure, a parameter, called relative frequency error, has been introduced. The results show that the proposed criterion used in this study can not only properly identify the location of damage but also predict the severity of the structural damage in concrete gravity dams accurately.

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Hayati, Dwi, and Sri Yulianto Joko Prasetyo. "Prediksi Spasial Wilayah Resiko Tanah Longsor Di Jawa Tengah Berdasarkan SAVI, OSAVI, DVI, NDVI Menggunakan Krigging." Indonesian Journal of Computing and Modeling 1, no. 2 (October 15, 2018): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24246/j.icm.2018.v1.i2.p80-86.

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Landslides are the process of moving rock periods (soil) due to gravity. On the spatial prediction of landslide occurrence in the District in Central Java based on vegetation index using kriging. The vegetation index is the amount of green vegetation values obtained from the processing of digital signal data of the brightness value of several satellite sensor data channels. Some of the vegetation index algorithms used are SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index), OSAVI (Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index), DVI (Difference Vegetation Index), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). Kriging is one of the prediction and interpolation methods in geostatistika, consisting of two types of ordinary kriging when only one variable and cokriging when there are more than one variable observed. Kriging functioning formation of color gradient pattern on map result of data interpolation. In this research it was found that the occurrence of landslide in the sample area correlated with low, medium, high, DVI vegetation index of DVI, NDVI, SAVI, OSVII. Banjarnegara Regency is prone to landslides in medium category, Wonosobo Regency in High category, Magelang Regency in High category, Kebumen Regency in Low category, Purworejo Regency in Low category. So it can be concluded that landslides are affected or associated with low tree cover seen by NDVI, DVI, SAVI, OSAVI vegetation indices.

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Mishra, Sumit, Devanjan Bhattacharya, and Ankit Gupta. "Congestion Adaptive Traffic Light Control and Notification Architecture Using Google Maps APIs." Data 3, no. 4 (December 14, 2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data3040067.

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Traffic jams can be avoided by controlling traffic signals according to quickly building congestion with steep gradients on short temporal and small spatial scales. With the rising standards of computational technology, single-board computers, software packages, platforms, and APIs (Application Program Interfaces), it has become relatively easy for developers to create systems for controlling signals and informative systems. Hence, for enhancing the power of Intelligent Transport Systems in automotive telematics, in this study, we used crowdsourced traffic congestion data from Google to adjust traffic light cycle times with a system that is adaptable to congestion. One aim of the system proposed here is to inform drivers about the status of the upcoming traffic light on their route. Since crowdsourced data are used, the system does not entail the high infrastructure cost associated with sensing networks. A full system module-level analysis is presented for implementation. The system proposed is fail-safe against temporal communication failure. Along with a case study for examining congestion levels, generic information processing for the cycle time decision and status delivery system was tested and confirmed to be viable and quick for a restricted prototype model. The information required was delivered correctly over sustained trials, with an average time delay of 1.5 s and a maximum of 3 s.

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Meilano, Irwan, Agidia L. Tiaratama, Dudy D. Wijaya, Putra Maulida, S. Susilo, and Intan H. Fitri. "Analisis Potensi Gempa di Selatan Pulau Jawa Berdasarkan Pengamatan GPS." Jurnal Lingkungan dan Bencana Geologi 11, no. 3 (December 24, 2020): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.34126/jlbg.v11i3.352.

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ABSTRAKPulau Jawa merupakan salah satu pulau yang memiliki kepadatan penduduk tinggi dengan aktivitas tektonik yang sangat aktif. Hal ini dikarenakan Pulau Jawa terletak di zona konvergensi Lempeng Indo-Australia dan Lempeng Eurasia. Aktivitas tektonik ini menghasilkan kegempaan di zona subduksi dan sesar di daratan Penelitian ini menganalisis pola vektor kecepatan yang dihasilkan melalui pengolahan data stasiun pengamatan GPS (Global Positioning System) CORS (Continuously Operating Reference Station) BIG (Badan Informasi Geospasial) di wilayah Pulau Jawa bagian selatan. Data koordinat harian dianalisis dengan metode PCA (Principal Component Analysis) untuk memisahkan sinyal tektonik berupa data deret waktu global dan non-tektonik berupa data deret waktu lokal dengan penerapan aturan pemilihan varian dominan nilai eigen dalam pembetukan PC (Principal Component) dan orthogonal vektor eigen sebagai bobot dalam meminimalkan korelasi. Hasil dari data deret waktu global dan lokal digunakan untuk menghitung besar kecepatan pergeseran dari tahun 2011 sampai 2018. Hasil pengolahan menunjukkan besar resultan vektor kecepatan pada data awal berselang 0,06 sampai 10,46 mm/tahun, pada data global antara 0,06 mm/ tahun sampai 10,39 mm/tahun, dan data lokal sebesar 0,0037 sampai 1,99 mm/tahun. Variasi spasial vektor kecepatan pengamatan GPS data domain PCA menunjukkan variasi pergeseran horizontal di wilayah Banten bergerak ke arah timur laut; Jawa Barat, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, dan Jawa Tengah bergerak ke arah tenggara; dan Jawa Timur bergerak ke arah timur laut. Hasil dari inversi data pergeseran terhadap slip pada zona subduksi, menunjukkan terjadinya kekurangan slip atau terjadi coupling pada zona subduksi Jawa bagian timur dan barat, sementara terjadi kelebihan slip pada bagian tengah yang merupakan efek postseismic dari gempa Pangandaran 2006.Kata kunci: GPS, PCA, potensi gempa, vektor kecepatanABSTRACTJava is one of the island that has a high population density with very active tectonic activity. This is because Java Island is located in the convergence zone of the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. This tectonic activity produces seismicity in subduction zones and inland faults. This study analyzes the velocity vector patterns generated through data processing of the GPS (Global Positioning System) CORS (Continuously Operating Reference Station) BIG (Geospatial Information Agency) observation station in the southern part of Java. Daily coordinate data were analyzed using PCA (Principal Component Analysis) method to separate time series of tectonic signals as global data and non-tectonic time series data as local data by applying the rules for selecting dominant variants of eigen values for PC formation and orthogonal eigen vectors as weights in minimizing correlations. The results from global and local time series data were used to calculate the magnitude of the displacement velocity from 2011 until 2018. The processing results show the resultant velocity vector in the initial data intermittent 0.06 to 10.46 mm/year, global data from 0.06 to 10.39 mm/year, and local data of 0.0037 to 1.99 mm/year. The spatial variation of the velocity vector in PCA domain data shows the horizontal displacement in the Banten region to the northeast; West Java, Yogyakarta Special Region, Central Java to southeast; and East Java moving to northeast. The results of the inversion of the surface displacement to slip data in the subduction zone show that there is a slip deficiency or coupling occurs in the subduction zones of Eastern and Western Java, while there is excess slip in the Central Java which is a post-seismic effect of the 2006 Pangandaran earthquake.Keywords: earthquake potential, GPS, PCA, velocity vector

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Hatakeyama, Yutaka, Kazuhiko Kawamoto, and Fangyan Dong. "Selected Papers from IWACIII 2009." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 14, no. 3 (April 20, 2010): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2010.p0239.

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The International Workshop on Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics (IWACIII), honoring Prof. Kaoru Hirota on his 60th birthday, was held at the Tokyo Institute of Technology in November 2009. The workshop featured 8 invited talks and 30 papers published in IWACIII 2009 proceedings. This special JACIII issue features 10 papers from these proceedings, dealing with data mining, robotics, fuzzy systems, signal and image processing, and industrial applications. A paper by Prof. Koczy was chosen as the best paper of this workshop. This workshop is chaired by Professor Toshihiro Kaino, Professor Yasufumi Takama, and Professor Hajime Nobuhara. The workshop is sponsored by Fuji Technology Press Co., Ltd., Suzhou KTI Semiconductor Manufacturing Machine Co., Ltd., R&D Center of VEST, Mycom, Inc., Computing, Designing, and Integration Co., Ltd., Japan Association of Service Science (JASS), TOKYO TECH Pursuing Excellence, Hirota Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology. As guest editor of this special issue, we thank all of the contributors and referees for their fine work and candid reviews. The second IWACIII will be held in 2011 in Suzhou, China. We invite you to submit your research papers and to plan to take participate in IWACIII 2011.

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Talavera, Edgar, Alberto Díaz-Álvarez, José Eugenio Naranjo, and Cristina Olaverri-Monreal. "Autonomous Vehicles Technological Trends." Electronics 10, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10101207.

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One of the technologies widely considered to be the most promising for reducing a number of traffic-related problems, including traffic jams, safety within and outside of cities, among others, is the autonomous vehicle [...]

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Ibeagha-Awemu, Eveline M., Mengqi Wang, Nathalie Bissonnette, Philip Griebel, Pier-Luc Dudemaine, Duy N. Do, and Yongjiang Mao. "23 Differential microRNA expression in jejunal tissue and jejunal lymph nodes following naturally occurring Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in Holstein cows." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.038.

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Abstract Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causal agent of Johne’s disease (JD), a chronic intestinal disease affecting ruminants worldwide. This study investigated miRNA expression in jejunal intestine (JE) and jejunal lymph nodes (JELN), and the potential regulatory roles of miRNAs during JD progression. JE and JELN tissues were collected from 5 MAP positive (JD subclinical stage) Holstein cows and 5 MAP negative cows. Following miRNA sequencing, bioinformatic processing with a standard pipeline and functional analysis with ClueGo, 272 and 333 miRNAs were identified in JE and JELN, respectively. Compared with MAP negative cows, 13 and 71 miRNAs were differently expressed (DE) (P < 0.05) in MAP infected JE and JELN, respectively. The most up-regulated and down-regulated miRNAs were bta-miR-485 (fold change = 6.18) and bta-miR-451 (fold change = -6.81), and bta-miR-331-5p (fold change = 35.56) and bta-miR-2285bk (fold change = -61.25) in JE and JELN, respectively. In JE, some DE miRNAs (miR-147 and miR-199a-5p) have been associated with glucose metabolism while several DE miRNAs in JELN have associations with immune response to disease (e.g. miR-146a and miR-146b have been associated with bovine mastitis and miR331-5p and miR-184 are important for human cancers). Target genes of JELN DE miRNAs were enriched (P < 0.05) for more gene ontology terms (n = 180) and KEGG pathways (n = 123) as compared with JE (n = 90 and 25, respectively). Furthermore, JELN DE miRNAs were uniquely enriched in several immune related pathways including immune response regulating/activating signal transduction, T-cell/B-cell receptor signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, TNF signaling pathways, etc., suggesting potential regulatory roles for JELN DE miRNAs in the host immune response to JD. In addition, interactions between DE miRNAs and DE mRNAs (expressed in the same samples) demonstrated important functions for miR-2284/2285 family members in JELN response to MAP infection. In conclusion, these results suggest site specific regulatory roles for miRNAs during MAP infection.

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Remijn, Gerard B., Mitsuru Kikuchi, Yuko Yoshimura, Kiyomi Shitamichi, Sanae Ueno, Tsunehisa Tsubokawa, Haruyuki Kojima, Haruhiro Higashida, and Yoshio Minabe. "A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study on Cortical Hemodynamic Responses to Normal and Whispered Speech in 3- to 7-Year-Old Children." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 60, no. 2 (February 2017): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2016_jslhr-h-15-0435.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess cortical hemodynamic response patterns in 3- to 7-year-old children listening to two speech modes: normally vocalized and whispered speech. Understanding whispered speech requires processing of the relatively weak, noisy signal, as well as the cognitive ability to understand the speaker's reason for whispering. Method Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to assess changes in cortical oxygenated hemoglobin from 16 typically developing children. Results A profound difference in oxygenated hemoglobin levels between the speech modes was found over left ventral sensorimotor cortex. In particular, over areas that represent speech articulatory body parts and motion, such as the larynx, lips, and jaw, oxygenated hemoglobin was higher for whisper than for normal speech. The weaker stimulus, in terms of sound energy, thus induced the more profound hemodynamic response. This, moreover, occurred over areas involved in speech articulation, even though the children did not overtly articulate speech during measurements. Conclusion Because whisper is a special form of communication not often used in daily life, we suggest that the hemodynamic response difference over left ventral sensorimotor cortex resulted from inner (covert) practice or imagination of the different articulatory actions necessary to produce whisper as opposed to normal speech.

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Delnavaz, Aidin, and Jérémie Voix. "Flexible piezoelectric energy harvesting from jaw movements." Smart Materials and Structures 23, no. 10 (September 16, 2014): 105020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/10/105020.

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Ward, Carol V., J. Michael Plavcan, and Fredrick K. Manthi. "Anterior dental evolution in the Australopithecus anamensis–afarensis lineage." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1556 (October 27, 2010): 3333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0039.

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Australopithecus anamensis is the earliest known species of the Australopithecus –human clade and is the likely ancestor of Australopithecus afarensis . Investigating possible selective pressures underlying these changes is key to understanding the patterns of selection shaping the origins and early evolution of the Australopithecus –human clade. During the course of the Au. anamensis–afarensis lineage, significant changes appear to occur particularly in the anterior dentition, but also in jaw structure and molar form, suggesting selection for altered diet and/or food processing. Specifically, canine tooth crown height does not change, but maxillary canines and P 3 s become shorter mesiodistally, canine tooth crowns become more symmetrical in profile and P 3 s less unicuspid. Canine roots diminish in size and dimorphism, especially relative to the size of the postcanine teeth. Molar crowns become higher. Tooth rows become more divergent and symphyseal form changes. Dietary change involving anterior dental use is also suggested by less intense anterior tooth wear in Au. afarensis . These dental changes signal selection for altered dietary behaviour and explain some differences in craniofacial form between these taxa. These data identify Au. anamensis not just as a more primitive version of Au. afarensis , but as a dynamic member of an evolving lineage leading to Au. afarensis , and raise intriguing questions about what other evolutionary changes occurred during the early evolution of the Australopithecus –human clade, and what characterized the origins of the group.

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Jiang, Shan, Geng Zhang, Yu Zhang, Dong-Bo Pan, and Wen-Ze Xiong. "Study on the Lyapunov Stability of a Time-Discrete Macro Traffic System with Variable Delay and Feedback Control." Electronics 10, no. 19 (September 25, 2021): 2346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10192346.

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This paper constructs and analyzes a time-discrete macro traffic system with bounded variable delay and feedback control strategy. By theoretical analysis using the Lyapunov theorem, a stable condition of the macro traffic system is derived under which traffic jams can be suppressed. The traffic developing properties of the new traffic system for different variable delay and feedback control parameters are illustrated through simulation. The results show that variable delay can easily lead a traffic system to evolve into a traffic jam, and the feedback control strategy can enhance the stability of the traffic system with respect to variable delay. Moreover, the traffic unstable level caused by variable delay is less than the unstable extent caused by the constant upper bound of variable delay; still it is more serious than the traffic fluctuation caused by the constant lower bound of variable delay.

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Karygianni, L., M. Follo, E. Hellwig, D. Burghardt, M. Wolkewitz, A. Anderson, and A. Al-Ahmad. "Microscope-Based Imaging Platform for Large-Scale Analysis of Oral Biofilms." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 24 (October 5, 2012): 8703–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02416-12.

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ABSTRACTA microscopic method for noninvasively monitoring oral biofilms at the macroscale was developed to describe the spatial distribution of biofilms of different bacterial composition on bovine enamel surfaces (BES). For this purpose, oral biofilm was grownin situon BES that were fixed at approximal sites of individual upper jaw acrylic devices worn by a volunteer for 3 or 5 days. Eubacteria,Streptococcusspp., andFusobacterium nucleatumwere stained using specific fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) probes. The resulting fluorescence signals were subsequently tested by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and monitored by an automated wide-field microscope-based imaging platform (Scan∧R). Automated image processing and data analysis were conducted by microscope-associated software and followed by statistical evaluation of the results. The full segmentation of biofilm images revealed a random distribution of bacteria across the entire area of the enamel surfaces examined. Significant differences in the composition of the microflora were recorded across individual as well as between different enamel surfaces varying from sparsely colonized (47.26%) after 3 days to almost full surface coverage (84.45%) after 5 days. The enamel plates that were positioned at the back or in the middle of the oral cavity were found to be more suitable for the examination of biofilms up to 3 days old. In conclusion, automated microscopy combined with the use of FISH can enable the efficient visualization and meaningful quantification of bacterial composition over the entire sample surface. Due to the possibility of automation, Scan∧R overcomes the technical limitations of conventional CLSM.

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Oralbekova, Zhanar, Zarına Khassenova, Bakhyt Mynbayeva, Makpal Zhartybayeva, and Kazizat Iskakov. "Information system for monitoring of urban air pollution by heavy metals." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 22, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 1590. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i3.pp1590-1600.

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The authors of the article formulated the information monitoring system of Almaty city (The Republic of Kazakhstan). One of the urgent problems of the modern world is the ecological safety of the urban environment. The well-known unfavorable natural and anthropogenic factors of the Almaty city include the following: geographical and climatic features of the area, the lack of technologies for monitoring atmospheric air and traffic jams. All of the above factors increase the emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, in particular, toxic heavy metals. A promising direction for solving this problem is the development of real-time monitoring using a mathematical model of data assimilation and the creation of software that allows you to assess the state of the system in real time. In this regard, this article describes the developed information system for the algorithm of data assimilation that optimizes the process of monitoring atmospheric air pollution with heavy metals.

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Nasse, Jason S., and Joseph B. Travers. "Adrenoreceptor modulation of oromotor pathways in the rat medulla." Journal of Neurophysiology 112, no. 3 (August 1, 2014): 580–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00091.2014.

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Regulation of feeding behavior involves the integration of multiple physiological and neurological pathways that control both nutrient-seeking and consummatory behaviors. The consummatory phase of ingestion includes stereotyped oromotor movements of the tongue and jaw that are controlled through brain stem pathways. These pathways encompass not only cranial nerve sensory and motor nuclei for processing feeding-related afferent signals and supplying the oromotor musculature but also reticular neurons for orchestrating ingestion and coordinating it with other behaviors that utilize the same musculature. Based on decerebrate studies, this circuit should be sensitive to satiety mechanisms mediated centrally by A2 noradrenergic neurons in the caudal nucleus of the solitary tract (cNST) that are potently activated during satiety. Because the first observable phase of satiety is inhibition of oromotor movements, we hypothesized that norepinephrine (NE) would act to inhibit prehypoglossal neurons in the medullary reticular formation. Using patch-clamp electrophysiology of retrogradely labeled prehypoglossal neurons and calcium imaging to test this hypothesis, we demonstrate that norepinephrine can influence both pre- and postsynaptic properties of reticular neurons through both α1- and α2-adrenoreceptors. The α1-adrenoreceptor agonist phenylephrine (PE) activated an inward current in the presence of TTX and increased the frequency of both inhibitory and excitatory miniature postsynaptic currents. The α2-adrenoreceptor agonist dexmedetomidine (DMT) inhibited cNST-evoked excitatory currents as well as spontaneous and miniature excitatory currents through presynaptic mechanisms. The diversity of adrenoreceptor modulation of these prehypoglossal neurons may reflect their role in a multifunctional circuit coordinating both ingestive and respiratory lingual function.

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Fazriyanti, Lina, Arif Tahjono, and Febty Febriani. "Analisis Anomali Sinyal Geomagnetik Menggunakan Metode Detrended Fluctuation Analysis Pada Gempa Bumi Magnitudo 6,1 di Lebak, Banten." Al-Fiziya: Journal of Materials Science, Geophysics, Instrumentation and Theoretical Physics 3, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/fiziya.v3i1.15091.

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Abstrak. Secara geografis Pulau Jawa berhadapan langsung dengan zona tumbukan lempeng Eurasia dan Indo-Australia yang menyebabkan wilayah tersebut rawan terjadinya gempa bumi, salah satunya gempa tersebut yaitu di Lebak, Banten dengan magnitudo 6,1. Maka diperlukan usaha untuk meminimalisir resiko gempa bumi, seperti pengamatan prediksi jangka pendek melalui fenomena medan magnetik bumi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis apakah terdapat anomali sinyal geomagnetic Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) sebelum gempa bumi terjadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data geomagnetik periode Januari hingga Februari 2018 di Lebak, Banten dengan metode yang digunakan adalah Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA). Pengamatan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lanjutan berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu yang dilakukan dengan metode spectral density ratio. Berdasarkan pengolahan data diperoleh nilai α pada masing-masing komponen, untuk komponen H memperoleh nilai α= 1.99, komponen D dan Z memperoleh nilai α = 1.2 hingga 1.6. Berdasarkan analisis dari ketiga komponen tersebut, menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan nilai α yang disajikan oleh panel komponen D dan Z. Pada saat yang sama, hasil spectral density ratio mengalami kenaikan nilai rasio Z/D. Nilai dari indeks DST (Disturbance Strom Time) menunjukkan tidak terjadi aktivitas badai geomagnet global sebelum dan sesaat terjadinya gempa bumi M = 6,1. Dengan hasil yang diperoleh ini menunjukkan terdapat adanya kemunculan anomali sinyal geomagnetic Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) pada 7 dan 11 hari sebelum gempa bumi bermagnitudo 6,1. Abstract. Geographically, Java Island is dealing directly with the Eurasian and Indo-Australian plate collision zones which cause the area to be prone to earthquakes, one of which is the earthquake in Lebak, Banten with a magnitude of 6.1. So efforts are needed to minimize the risk of earthquakes, such as observing short-term predictions through the phenomenon of the earth's magnetic field. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether there is an anomaly of ultra low frequency (ULF) geomagnetic signals before an earthquake occurs. This research uses geomagnetic data from January to February 2018 in Lebak, Banten with the method used is detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). Observations made in this study are advanced studies based on previous research conducted with the spectral density ratio method. Based on data processing, the value of α is obtained for each component, for component H obtains the value α = 1.99, components D and Z get the value α = 1.2 to 1.6. Based on the analysis of the three components, it shows a decrease in the value of α presented by panel components D and Z. At the same time, the spectral density ratio results in an increase in the value of the Z / D ratio. The value of the DST (Disturbance Storm Time) index indicates that there was no global geomagnetic storm activity before and during the earthquake M = 6.1. The results obtained indicate that there is an anomaly of ultra low frequency (ULF) geomagnetic signal anomaly 7 and 11 days before the magnitude 6.1 earthquake.

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"Designing a Model on Smart Traffic Control System." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, no. 3 (January 10, 2020): 1065–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.c8124.019320.

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Lots of Traffic Congestion during office hours or some special Occasion also during heavy traffic usually results in uncertainty and dispute, auto crashes, waste of time and resources, and release more carbon into the ecosystem so to avoid heavy traffic jams and to avoid them to wait on signal. Proposed idea will be given more advantage to reduce waiting time on the signals and vehicle will be easily pass with the help of speed management notification on on Digital Gadget. Each vehicle is furnished with RFID and with the help of distance sensor location of vehicle signal system can easily detected and system will provide notification to a person who drives a vehicle on their mobile phone or Digital gadget, according to that person will manage the speed of the vehicle to reduce waiting time on signals with the help of this system. It reduces everyday congestion, by regulating traffic flows and prioritizing traffic to demand in running time. Reducing the pollution throughout the urban area and polluting also in our system if the traffic density is more or if there is a traffic jam, then we would be uploading the status on the GPS which would indicate that there is a traffic jam at a particular signal. Prevent Maximum amount of traffic flow & can prevent traffic congestions. Real time measurement of speed of vehicle to control the traffic congestion is possible through image processing. Huge amount of processing algorithms are present to detect the speed of vehicle.by using image processing algorithm we easily detect the number of vehicle and speed and motion of particular vehicle.

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Trochim, Brygida, Marta Borowska, and Janusz Szarmach. "Analysis of X-rays in bone remodelling around Active and Replace dental implants." Signal, Image and Video Processing, July 1, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11760-021-01971-w.

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AbstractPurpose of the study: The purpose of the study was to examine on the basis of radiographic images of bone tissue, whether there are differences in the rate of bone remodelling using different shapes of implants in the mandible and maxilla. Moreover, the study also compares texture features obtained on the basis of these images for healthy bone tissue, bone directly after implantation and after a 12-month period of prosthetic loading. Materials and Methods: The subject of the analysis was radiovisiogram images obtained from the Medical University of Bialystok from the Department of Dental Surgery. They are radiovisiogram photographs of 146 people aged 18–74, treated implantally due to missing teeth. The whole group of patients received two types of implants (Active and Replace) of the same company, made of titanium, intraosseous, screw-in. Results: It has been shown that both in the upper jaw and the mandible, the values of texture parameters obtained for bone images made after one year of prosthetic loading are closer to healthy tissue than immediately after implantation. These values for the mandible were relatively closer to those obtained on the basis of healthy tissue than those for the upper jaw. The bone around the implant with a single threading achieved better results in the mandible than the one with a double threading. Conclusion: The type of bone tissue and the shape of the implant have an impact on the achieved osseointegration. With the passage of time and the process of bone remodelling, the damaged tissue returns to its normal structure.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Jaws Signal processing'

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