Academic literature on the topic 'JEL Classification:Q56'

A Global Green New Deal (GGND)—that includes Arctic sea ice climate triage and carbon cycle climate restoration, and that, following Eisenberger (2020), would move us toward a renewable energy and materials economy (REME)—is necessary to turn our current civilization and species-threatening climate crises into an opportunity to stabilize our planet’s climate and advance to a new, more equitable and prosperous stage of human development. Imminent, potentially catastrophic, global climate impacts of Arctic sea ice loss, the first global climate “tipping point,” are reviewed, and practical and efficient potential climate triage methods for avoiding this are summarized. Longer-term carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and carbon capture, sequestration, and use (CCSU) methods, that would move us toward long-term carbon cycle climate restoration, are presented. A general reframing of climate policy and specific GGND policy proposals—that include Arctic sea ice climate triage and carbon cycle climate restoration that would rapidly move us toward a REME and avoid increasingly catastrophic climate impacts—are proposed. JEL Classification: Q53, Q54, Q55, Q56, Q58

This article expands the Sraffian framework to address environmental sustainability by showing how to define and measure what ecological economists call “throughput” and increases in throughput efficiency. In the process it clarifies issues that are often muddled in the steady-state and de-growth literatures. JEL classification: B51, Q55, Q56

Dans un contexte de mutations sociétales profondes post Covid, les aspirations majeures s’orientent vers un modèle de vie plus durable, alternatif et résilient. Ces changements de paradigmes imposent aux territoires ruraux de revoir leurs modèles de développement et d’attractivité. Cette étude aborde, à travers le modèle singulier des parcs naturels régionaux, cette approche d’une nouvelle ruralité en accord avec les aspirations et les valeurs sociétales. Classification JEL : L83, M14, Q51, Q56

L’analyse comparative de 13 aires marines protégées réparties sur 5 continents permet de montrer l’existence d’un modèle générique en grande partie implicite, puis d’en identifier les composantes. Elles portent sur les acteurs, ce qui légitime la décision, les temporalités et les vecteurs de la décision. Dans le registre de l’action, elles portent sur le rapport à l’espace, à la nature, à l’échange et sur le format de l’action. Ce modèle engendre des difficultés d’acceptation et des conflits : y répondre suppose de relever des défis d’adaptation locale et de réinvention globale. Différents processus d’adaptation ont été identifiés. Revenir sur ce modèle suppose d’interroger ses déterminants, parmi lesquels figurent des colonialités et des formes de colonialisme vert et bleu. Classification JEL : Q5, Q56, Q57, Q58

This paper summarizes a global Green New Deal program that can advance climate stabilization as well as rising mass living standards and an expansion of decent job opportunities. The core features of this program are massive global investments in energy efficiency and clean renewable energy so that clean energy supplants the existing fossil-fuel-dominant global energy system. Through annual investments in the range of 2 percent of global GDP in clean energy and a corresponding contraction in fossil fuel consumption, the global economy can maintain an absolute decoupling trajectory—i.e., economic growth proceeds while CO2 emissions fall to zero within 30–40 years. The paper also shows that a steady contraction of global GDP—i.e., “degrowth”—does not provide a viable climate stabilization framework. JEL Classification: Q54, Q56, Q58

<strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;</strong> Cette &eacute;tude utilise des donn&eacute;es annuelles couvrant la p&eacute;riode 1974-2014 pour examiner l&rsquo;effet conjoint de la d&eacute;gradation de l&rsquo;environnement et de la sant&eacute; sur la croissance &eacute;conomique en C&ocirc;te d&rsquo;Ivoire. Nous montrons &agrave; partir d&rsquo;un mod&egrave;le autor&eacute;gressif &agrave; retards &eacute;chelonn&eacute;s et du test de Granger, que la qualit&eacute; de l&rsquo;environnement et la sant&eacute;, n&rsquo;affectent pas conjointement la croissance &eacute;conomique. Ces r&eacute;sultats sugg&egrave;rent la formulation de Politiques conjointes vigoureuses de protection de l&rsquo;environnement, de la sant&eacute; et de promotion d&rsquo;une croissance durable. <strong>Mots cl&eacute;s : </strong>Croissance &eacute;conomique ; sant&eacute; ; &eacute;missions de (CO2) ; mod&egrave;le ARDL ; Test de Granger. Classification JEL: C32; I15; O13; O44; Q54; Q56 <strong>Abstract</strong> This study uses annual data covering the period 1974-2014 to examine the joint effect of environmental degradation and health on economic growth in C&ocirc;te d&#39;Ivoire. We show from an autoregressive step-lag model and the Granger test that environmental quality and health do not jointly affect economic growth. These results suggest the formulation of strong joint policies for the protection of environment, health and promotion of sustainable growth <strong>Keywords</strong>: (CO2) emissions; Economic growth; Health; ARDL model; Granger test. JEL Classification : C32 ; I15 ; O13 ; O44 ; Q54 ; Q56

La hipótesis de la Curva Ambiental de Kuznets sugiere la existencia una relación en forma de U invertida entre la degradación ambiental y el ingreso. Algunos economistas asumen que el crecimiento económico revertirá los impactos ambientales de las primeras etapas del desarrollo económico. No obstante, Perman y Stern (2003) argumentan que los métodos econométricos empleados en los primeros análisis de la EKC son inapropiados debido a las propiedades temporales de las series. Este artículo analiza la conformidad de la EKC para un panel de 46 países y 21 períodos mediante la implementación de pruebas de raíces unitarias y de cointegración a nivel individual y del panel. También se estima un Vector de Corrección de Errores. Los resultados obtenidos no corroboran la evidencia de una EKC común para el conjunto de países estudiados. Palabras claves: Curva ambiental de Kuznets, crecimiento económico, pruebas de raíz unitaria y cointegración en panel de datos. Clasificación JEL: Q53, Q56, C23 Abstract: The Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis suggests the existence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between environmental degradation and income. Several economists assume that the environmental impacts occurred during the first stages of the development process will be reverted as a result of economic growth. Yet Perman and Stern (2003) have argued that the econometric methods used in the earlier analysis of the EKC are inappropriate, given the time properties of the series. This article examines the appropriateness of the EKC for a panel of 46 countries and 21 periods by implementing individual and panel tests for unit roots and cointegration. An error correction model is also estimated. The results do not support evidence of a common EKC for the countries analyzed. Keywords: Environmental Kuznets curve, economic growth, unit root and cointegration tests in panel data. JEL Classification: Q53, Q56, C23 Résumé: L'hypothèse de la Courbe Environnementale de Kuznets (CEK) suggère l'existence d'une relation en U inversé entre la dégradation environnementale et le revenu. Plusieurs économistes estiment que les incidences négatives sur l'environnement qui sont produites pendant les premières étapes du processus de développement économique seront corrigées par les effets positifs de la croissance économique. Pourtant, Perman et Stern (2003) ont remis en cause la validité des méthodes économétriques employées dans les premières études de la CEK sur la base des propriétés des séries temporelles. Cet article examine la pertinence de la CEK en utilisant un panel de 46 pays et de 21 périodes et en conduisant des tests de racine unitaire et de cointégration aussi bien par pays que pour l.ensemble du panel. Un modèle à correction d'erreurs est également estimé. Les résultats ne soutiennent pas l.existence d'une CEK commune aux pays considérés dans le panel. Mots clés : Courbe Environnementale de Kuznets, croissance économique, racine unitaire et test de cointégration dans des données de panel. Classification JEL: Q53, Q56, C23

The planet is on a path to catastrophic warming which calls for structural changes in the operation of Global North economies, not merely a transformation of energy sources, the core of “green growth” approaches. Our research on inequality and working time shows that these are powerful drivers of carbon emissions that can be the center of a progressive agenda supplementing energy transition. Our work also shows that disproportionality in emissions sources presents a policy opportunity. We challenge Pollin’s view that only growth-centric approaches are politically viable, and argue that progressive politics has moved from growth-centricity to needs- and people-centered policies. In our response, we argue that the recent rise of the Green New Deal is a strong piece of evidence for our position. JEL Classification: Q5, Q54, Q56

<strong>Abstract: </strong>This paper investigates the impact of voluntary environmental information disclosure on firm profitability. Based on data for the period 2015&ndash;2018, we implement a two-stage panel endogenous switching regression model to deal with endogeneity issues. Our findings document that voluntary environmental information disclosure enhances firms&rsquo; performance. <strong>Keywords</strong>: Environment, Information Disclosure, Firm&rsquo;s Profitability, Panel Models, Endogenous Switching <strong>JEL Classification Number</strong>: Q56, D21, C23, C24

This paper explains how Nestlé used shared value concept to make agriculture more sustainable and achieve more profit by creating business value. Based on qualitative research, we use a case study approach to investigate the idea of shared value in achieving sustainable agriculture. We analyzed Nestlé programs in three areas: rural development, Environmental sustainability and Water field. We found that applying shared value concept by nestle make agriculture more sustainable and leads for business value.&#x0D; JEL Classification: M14, Q01, Q56.

O setor de transporte automotivo é um dos principais responsáveis pelas emissões de gases nocivos à saúde ou causadores do efeito estufa. Existem inúmeras propostas econômicas para a redução destas emissões, que se dividem basicamente entre regulamentação de emissões e impostos sobre combustível ou veículos. Apresentaremos neste trabalho um esquema de feebate, uma alternativa baseada num mercado de carbono em que um carro que tem emissões de poluentes abaixo de certo nível ganha um subsídio para sua compra, enquanto que outro que apresenta emissões acima paga um imposto. Este esquema é projetado para que no fim, contabilizados o imposto pago e o subsídio oferecido, faça com que o governo não tenha receita, nem despesas com este. Para mostrar sua eficácia, faremos simulações com base em estimações do mercado de automóveis brasileiro do período de 2008 a 2012 usando um modelo de escolhas discretas através de um logit multinomial aninhado, e faremos análises de bem estar.<br>The automotive transport sector is one of the main responsible for emissions of harmful gases and greenhouse gases. There are numerous economics proposals for reducing these emissions, which are basically divided between emission regulations and taxes on fuel or vehicles. We will present in this work a feebate scheme, an alternative based on a carbon market in which a car that has emissions of pollutants below a certain level gains a subsidy for its purchase, while another that presents emissions above a level pays a tax. This scheme is designed so that at the end, counting the tax paid and the subsidy offered, make the government have no revenue, nor expenses with it. To show its effectiveness, we will make simulations of this scheme based on estimates of the Brazilian auto market from 2008 to 2012 using a discrete choice model with a nested multinomial logit, and we will analise social welfare changes.