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1

Vargová, Blažena, Juraj Kurimský, Roman Cimbala, Michal Kosterec, Igor Majláth, Natália Pipová, Piotr Tryjanowski, Łukasz Jankowiak, and Viktoria Majlathova. "Ticks and radio-frequency signals: behavioural response of ticks (Dermacentor reticulatus) in a 900 MHz electromagnetic field." Systematic and Applied Acarology 22, no. 5 (May 5, 2017): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.22.5.7.

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The electromagnetic field (EMF) is present in the environment throughout the world and encompasses both natural and human-made sources of electromagnetic fields. It has been shown that EMF influences a variety of biological systems, including the behavioural responses of both vertebrates and invertebrates. As such, determining the effects of the EMF on the ecosystem in detail may be important for understanding the ecology and biology of organisms, particularly those, such as ticks, that are important in disease transmission. Our main goal was to determine if the tick, Dermacentor reticulatus, interacts with the EMF. An experimental behavioural test of tick sensitivity to radio frequency power radiation was performed under laboratory conditions. Tests were performed in an electromagnetic compatibility laboratory in a radio frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) anechoic chamber. Ticks were irradiated using a Double-Ridged Waveguide Horn Antenna with 900 MHz RF-EMF. The applied radio-frequency power was tuned below the proposed limit for public exposure to mobile phone base stations. We found that exposure induces an immediate tick locomotor response manifested either in a previously unreported jerking movement of the whole body or in jerking of the first pair of legs. Overall, ticks exhibited significantly greater movement in the presence of the RF-EMF. Significant sex differences relative to RF-EMF exposure were observed in both response variables. In the presence of RF-EMF, body jerking by females was greater than in males and vice versa for leg jerks. This study represents the first experimental evidence of a behavioural response of D. reticulatus ticks to exposure to RF-EMF.
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2

Raingruber, Bonnie. "JERKING AWAKE." Palliative and Supportive Care 7, no. 4 (November 26, 2009): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951509990563.

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3

Donaldson, Ian. "Falstaff's Buff Jerkin." Shakespeare Quarterly 37, no. 1 (1986): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2870196.

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4

Cheng, Xiang Bin, and Wei Min Zhang. "Study of Vehicle Jerking Problem during Clutch Engagement Based on Numerical Value Analysis Method." Key Engineering Materials 693 (May 2016): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.693.205.

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The impact caused by clutch engagement or disengagement leads to vehicle jerking problem. To solve the jerking vibration, the model of the power train and the process of the clutch engagement is built up, and the numerical relations between jerking vibration and key factors (such as the stiffness of clutch disc, the stiffness and damper of side shaft and flywheel) are established, the validity of the model is verified by comparing simulation results and results of measurement, finally the key factors influencing the vibration amplitude and frequency are identified by vehicle tests.
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5

Kraynik, Ya B., V. V. Mulyk, and D. A. Okun. "Relationship between quantitative indicators of motor actions and technical and tactical indicators in young football players 13-14 years of different playing roles." Health, sport, rehabilitation 5, no. 4 (December 27, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/hsr.2019.05.04.05.

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<p><strong>Purpose.</strong> To determine the relationship between individual motor exercises and the quality of the technical and tactical actions of young football players of 13-14 years of different playing roles.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>the study was conducted during a football competition. The study involved 11 football players 13-14 years old. Physical actions were analyzed during 10 games of the Kharkov football championship. The individual characteristics of young athletes in terms of diagnostics are analyzed, a statistical analysis of the degree of influence of various parameters of movements was carried out and relationship of indicators was carried out.</p><p><strong>Results. </strong>Our correlation analysis results allow us to take into account the influence of the use of individual exercises on the performance of technical and tactical actions of young football players of 13-14 years of different playing roles when building the training process.</p><p><strong>Conclusions. </strong>The conducted correlation analysis of the indicators of special motor actions and the technical and tactical indicators of young football players of 13-14 years of different playing roles determined that in the wing back defenders there is a more relationship between jerks at 15-20 m and dribbling; central defenders have established average correlation between the amount of jerking at 15-20m and the quality of performing short, medium and long ball passes; in wing back midfielders, the implementation of the number of jerks by 15-20 m affects all we study motor actions; in central midfielders the performance of the number of jerks affects the performance of short, medium and long passes; for forwards, a more correlation between technical and tactical actions is established between the number of types of running movements and tackles, including head games.</p><p>Further research will be aimed at developing complexes of exercises of special physical preparation, taking into account the influence on the performance of technical and tactical actions of young players 13-14 years of different playing roles.</p>
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6

Cherian, E. V., K. V. Shenoy, G. Shetty, and N. R. Ambati. "The child with jerking eyes and gait." Case Reports 2013, jan30 1 (January 30, 2013): bcr2012008236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2012-008236.

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7

Coebergh, Jan A. F. "An unusual case of action-induced jerking." Neurology 91, no. 8 (August 20, 2018): 361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000006043.

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8

Ghosh, Debabrata. "The Eye Jerking Trick, No Need To Panic." Pediatric Neurology 51, no. 3 (September 2014): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.05.026.

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9

Waterman-Storer, Clare, Devin Y. Duey, Kari L. Weber, John Keech, Richard E. Cheney, E. D. Salmon, and William M. Bement. "Microtubules Remodel Actomyosin Networks in Xenopus Egg Extracts via Two Mechanisms of F-Actin Transport." Journal of Cell Biology 150, no. 2 (July 24, 2000): 361–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.150.2.361.

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Interactions between microtubules and filamentous actin (F-actin) are crucial for many cellular processes, including cell locomotion and cytokinesis, but are poorly understood. To define the basic principles governing microtubule/F-actin interactions, we used dual-wavelength digital fluorescence and fluorescent speckle microscopy to analyze microtubules and F-actin labeled with spectrally distinct fluorophores in interphase Xenopus egg extracts. In the absence of microtubules, networks of F-actin bundles zippered together or exhibited serpentine gliding along the coverslip. When microtubules were nucleated from Xenopus sperm centrosomes, they were released and translocated away from the aster center. In the presence of microtubules, F-actin exhibited two distinct, microtubule-dependent motilities: rapid (∼250–300 nm/s) jerking and slow (∼50 nm/s), straight gliding. Microtubules remodeled the F-actin network, as F-actin jerking caused centrifugal clearing of F-actin from around aster centers. F-actin jerking occurred when F-actin bound to motile microtubules powered by cytoplasmic dynein. F-actin straight gliding occurred when F-actin bundles translocated along the microtubule lattice. These interactions required Xenopus cytosolic factors. Localization of myosin-II to F-actin suggested it may power F-actin zippering, while localization of myosin-V on microtubules suggested it could mediate interactions between microtubules and F-actin. We examine current models for cytokinesis and cell motility in light of these findings.
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10

Jerin, Ismoth Ara, and Noorzahan Begum. "Effect of Nigella Sativa (Kalozira) Oil on Pain in Long Evans Rats." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 13, no. 1 (August 23, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v13i1.37840.

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Background: For thousands of years, Nigella sativa has been used in many countries as a spice as well as a protective and curative remedy for numerous health disorders. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) suppressed pain in animal models.Objective: To assess the effects of Nigella sativa oil on pain after single administration with three increasing doses in rat models.Methods: This experimental study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from March 2016 to February 2017. For this, 20 (twenty) Long Evans rats (200±20) of both sexes were divided into control ( 10 ml/kg of 1% solution of Tween 20) and experimental groups (NSO 0.5, with 0.5 ml/ kg NSO; NSO 1, with 1 ml/kg NSO; NSO 1.5, with 1.5 ml/kg NSO) with 5 rats in each group.. To assess nociceptive pain, central analgesic system and inflammatory pain ,early phase (1st-5th minutes); inter phase (6th-15th minutes) and on late phase (16th-60th minutes) of formalin test respectively were observed. All the agents were given intraperitoneally in a single dose just one hour before the formalin test. In all phases, total frequency of jerking and total duration of flexing and licking of right hind paw were counted after administration of subcutaneous formalin (50 µL, 2.5%) injection. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test.Results: In early phase, NSO significantly reduced the jerking (p ≤0.001, in all doses) and flexing and licking (p≤0.001, in higher 2 doses). In interphase, jerking was significantly (p ≤ 0.01) lowered after 1.5 ml/kg of NSO but flexing and licking were significantly lowered by at all 3 doses (p ≤0.05, p ≤0.001, p ≤0.001,). In addition, in late phase jerking and flexing and licking were reduced by higher 2 doses (p ≤0.001, ) and all 3 doses respectively (p ≤0.001, in all doses).Conclusion: From this study, it may be concluded that, NSO possess analgesic effect and higher two doses were more effective than lower doses.J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2018, June; 13(1): 1-7
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11

Coale, Sam. "Jerkin’ the gherkin: Philip Roth’s hands-on humor." Arquivo Maaravi: Revista Digital de Estudos Judaicos da UFMG 5, no. 9 (October 30, 2011): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1982-3053.5.9.117-120.

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12

Klunker, W. "Cough, jerking of head forward and knees upward—Theridion." British Homoeopathic journal 80, no. 3 (July 1991): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-0785(05)80245-5.

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13

Gupta, Madhulika, and Haylee Begin-Dyck. "780 Perceived Deprivation Of Social Touch And Sleep Symptoms: Results From A Pre-COVID19 Community Study." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A303—A304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.777.

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Abstract Introduction The impact of social isolation and touch deprivation on sleep symptoms (insomnia, nightmares) during the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID19) pandemic has been recognized. These results however may have been confounded by various other disease-related factors that can directly impact sleep eg., medical complications associated with COVID19; trauma response and the economic impact of the pandemic. We examined previously unpublished data, from an earlier Canadian community-based survey (1997–1998) of psychosomatic factors (including sleep symptoms), associated with perceived touch deprivation (PTD). Methods 360 consecutive consenting participants (316 community volunteers,44 psychiatric outpatients; 270 women; 94% white; mean±SD age: 38.3±14.5 years) completed a large battery of questions related to psychosomatic factors and the skin. The methods are described in previous publications [Gupta MA 2004; Gupta MA 2006] from this study. PTD was measured with the following item (rated on a 10-point Likert-type scale where “0” denoted “not at all” and rating of “9” denoted “very markedly”): “At the present time I wish I could get more hugs from others”’. Some of the sleep ratings in the survey read as follows: Insomnia1: “How long do you generally take to fall asleep at night?”(rating of “1” denoted “immediately”, “2” denoted ”1hour”). Secondly, participants rated how frequently they experienced the following sleep symptoms using a 4-point scale: “Awakenings from sleep”(Insomnia 2); “Dreams”; “Nightmares: “Snoring”; and “Jerking of arms or legs” (rating of “1” denoted “Never”, “2” denoted “Sometimes”, “3” denoted “Often”, 4 denoted “Always”). Results PTD scale scores (mean±SD: 3.81±2.85; range 0–9) correlated significantly with the following: Insomnia1 (r=0.219, p&lt;0.001); Insomnia2 (r=0.130, p=0.014); Nightmares (r=0.118, p=0.018); Limb jerking (r=0.209, p&lt;0.001), and age (r=-0.208, p&lt;0.001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis using PTD as dependent variable and all sleep ratings, age and sex as independent variables revealed the following predictors for PTD: Insomnia1(β=0.171,t=3.3267, p=0.001), Limb jerking (β=0.151,t=2.876, p=0.004), age (β= -0.179, t= -3.456, p=0.001). Conclusion In a pre-COVID19 community study, PTD was more problematic among the younger age group, and correlated with sleep onset and maintenance difficulties, nightmares and limb jerking, highlighting the importance of social touch in sleep. Support (if any) None
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14

Tatum, Kelsey B., Stephan U. Schuele, Jessica W. Templer, Tara L. Becker, and William O. Tatum. "True abdominal epilepsy is clonic jerking of the abdominal musculature." Epileptic Disorders 22, no. 5 (October 2020): 582–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/epd.2020.1196.

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15

Casault, Colin, Katayoun Alikhani, Neelan Pillay, and Marcus Koch. "Jerking & confused: Leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 receptor encephalitis." Journal of Neuroimmunology 289 (December 2015): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.10.010.

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16

Yu, Xin Xin, and Jon Stone. "Functional myoclonus: Time to stop jerking around with negative diagnosis." Parkinsonism & Related Disorders 51 (June 2018): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.04.029.

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17

Kiechl, Stefan, Martin Furtner, Michael Knoflach, Philipp Werner, and Johann Willeit. "Kaleidoscopic vision and a jerking leg on the ski slope." Lancet 370, no. 9602 (December 2007): 1878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61783-8.

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18

Ozcan, Beyza, Sumru Kavurt, Husniye Yucel, Ahmet Yagmur Bas, and Nihal Demirel. "Rhythmic Myoclonic Jerking Induced by Midazolam in a Preterm Infant." Pediatric Neurology 52, no. 6 (June 2015): e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.02.019.

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19

Bhaskar, P. A. "Scrotal pain with testicular jerking: an unusual manifestation of epilepsy." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 50, no. 9 (September 1, 1987): 1233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.50.9.1233.

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20

Harvey, P. "Serotal pain with testicular jerking: an unusual manifestation of epilepsy." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 51, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.51.1.160.

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21

Mercolini, Federico, Fabiana Scarabel, Valentina Di Leo, Margherita Nosadini, Irene Toldo, and Stefano Sartori. "Baby Jerking: A Teaching Video-Recorded Case of Febrile Myoclonus." Movement Disorders Clinical Practice 2, no. 4 (July 14, 2015): 429–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mdc3.12203.

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22

Chan, Eugene Y., and Natalina Zlatevska. "Jerkies, tacos, and burgers: Subjective socioeconomic status and meat preference." Appetite 132 (January 2019): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2018.08.027.

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23

Lin, Cheng, Shengxiong Sun, and Wenfei Jiang. "Active Anti-jerking Control of Shifting for Electric Vehicle Driveline." Energy Procedia 104 (December 2016): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.12.059.

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24

Cuellar, Norma G., Debra Whisenant, and Marietta P. Stanton. "Hypnic Jerks." Sleep Medicine Clinics 10, no. 3 (September 2015): 393–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2015.05.010.

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25

Wilson, Jack M. "More jerks." Physics Teacher 27, no. 1 (January 1989): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.2342641.

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26

Greenhalgh, T. "Physical jerks." BMJ 312, no. 7032 (March 16, 1996): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.312.7032.713.

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27

Flores-Garduño, E., Stefan C. Mancas, Haret C. Rosu, and M. Perez-Maldonado. "Planar motion with Fresnel integrals as components of the velocity." Revista Mexicana de Física 66, no. 5 Sept-Oct (September 1, 2020): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.66.585.

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We analyze the two-dimensional motion of a rigid body due to a constant torque generated by a force acting on the body parallel to the surface on which the body moves extending an old note of Ferris-Prabhu [Am. J. Phys. 38, 1356-1357 (1970)] and supplementing it with a short discussion of the jerking properties.
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28

Gnadt, James W., Christopher T. Noto, and Jagmeet S. Kanwal. "Tectal etiology for irrepressible saccades: a case study in a Rhesus monkey." F1000Research 2 (September 10, 2013): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-85.v2.

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Brain circuits controlling eye movements are widely distributed and complex. The etiology of irrepressible square wave saccades is not fully understood and is likely different for different neuropathologies. In a previous study, spontaneously occurring irrepressible saccades were noted after a cerebrovascular accident that damaged the rostral superior colliculus (SC) and its commissure in a Rhesus monkey. Here, we tracked and quantified the development of similar symptoms in a Rhesus monkey caused by a lesion in the rostromedial SC and its commissure. We documented the changes in these saccadic intrusions while the monkey attempted fixation of a target on three consecutive days post-onset. On the first day, eye jerk amplitude was ~10 degrees and the direction was ~30 degrees above the left horizontal meridian. On the second day, the amplitude decreased to 6.5 degrees and the direction shifted towards vertical, ~20 degrees to the left of the vertical meridian. Size, but not direction, of the eye jerks continued to decrease until intrusions dissipated within one month. Histological examination after ~6 months from the first appearance of the intrusions revealed a lesion in the commissure of the SC. Results from this and the previous study confirm the involvement of the commissure of the SC as the common target for triggering this neuropathy. Our data suggest that commissural fibers play an important role in maintaining normal visual stability. Interrupting the commissure between the two superior colliculi causes saccadic intrusions in the form of irrepressible jerking of the eyes, probably by disrupting inhibitory signals transmitted through the commissure. Furthermore, disappearance of the symptoms suggests that inhibitory fields within the SC are plastic and can expand, possibly via inputs from inter-collicular and nigrotectal pathways.
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Almedallah, Dana Khaled, Dana Yousef Alshamlan, and Erum Mubbashir Shariff. "Acute Opioid-Induced Myoclonic Reaction after Use of Fentanyl as an Anesthetic Drug for an Emergency Cesarean Section." Case Reports in Neurology 10, no. 2 (May 30, 2018): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000486891.

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Myoclonus is an abnormal involuntary movement that has been previously reported with administration of high doses of opioids for prolonged periods of time. In this case, however, we report an acute myoclonic reaction and review the literature on the possible causative pathophysiology. We report the case of a 24-year-old woman who was admitted for postdated cesarean section. She started to have abnormal involuntary movements after administration of an epidural anesthesia containing 700 μg of fentanyl with 115 mL (0.5) bupivacaine and 40 mL (2%) lidocaine. Upon examination, the patient was conscious, alert, and oriented. Her vital signs were stable. Her movements can be described as generalized, sudden, involuntary, jerking movements, involving the upper limbs, head, torso as well as the lower limbs. The frequency of these jerks was about every 1–2 min lasting for 10 s. There was no change in level of consciousness during these abnormal movements. The rest of the neurological examination was normal. Laboratory values showed normoglycemia and normal serum biochemistry. A routine electroencephalogram showed no epileptiform activity. Brain imaging was normal. Based on history, examination, and laboratory findings, we made the diagnosis of drug-induced myoclonus, which in this clinical scenario was secondary to fentanyl. We discontinued fentanyl and, gradually, the intensity and frequency of the abnormal movements decreased and disappeared after a few hours. A clear definitive explanation of the acute effect of opioids is still to be reached. It involves an interaction of complex neuroanatomical pathways and neurophysiological receptors. Nonetheless, a unanimous effort is needed to raise awareness about the role of opioids in the development of abnormal movements and their clinical management, to insure that they do not go unnoticed in the clinical scenarios, and to further add more scientific content that could help in reaching an explanatory theory.
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30

Baroncini, V., R. Felice, and G. Iacovoni. "Variable frame rate control jerkiness-driven." Journal of Real-Time Image Processing 4, no. 2 (October 31, 2008): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11554-008-0103-z.

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31

Jerin, Ismat Ara, and Noorzahan Begum. "Erratum: Effect of Nigella sativa (Kalozira) oil on pain in Long Evans rats. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol 2018, June;13(1):1-7." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 13, no. 2 (December 26, 2018): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v13i2.39486.

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The author of this article brought attention to publishers that there were errors on page 1,3,4,5 published in previous issue. These errors have been corrected to enhance credibility to readers and the whole corrected article has been published in this issue of JBSP. The online version of the original article can be found at doi:http:/ /dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp,v13i1.37840(http://banglajol.info/ index.php/JBSP/article/view/37840) Background: For thousands of years, Nigella sativa has been used in many countries as a spice as well as a protective and curative remedy for numerous health disorders. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) suppressed pain in animal models. Objective: To assess the effects of Nigella sativa oil on pain after single administration with three increasing doses in rat models. Methods: This experimental study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from March 2016 to February 2017. For this, 20 (twenty) Long Evans rats (200±20) of both sexes were divided into control ( 10 ml/kg of 1% solution of Tween 20) and experimental groups (NSO 0.5, with 0.5 ml/kg NSO; NSO 1, with 1 ml/kg NSO; NSO 1.5, with 1.5 ml/kg NSO) with 5 rats in each group. To assess nociceptive pain, central analgesic system and inflammatory pain early phase (1st-5th minutes); inter phase (6th-15th minutes) and late phase (16th-60th minutes) of formalin test respectively were observed. All the agents were given intraperitoneally in a single dose just one hour before the formalin test. In all phases, total frequency of jerking and total duration of flexing and licking of right hind paw were counted after administration of subcutaneous formalin (50 mL, 2.5%) injection. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. Results: In early phase, NSO significantly reduced the jerking (p ≤0.001, in all doses) and flexing and licking (p ≤0.001, in higher 2 doses). In interphase, jerking was significantly (p ≤0.01) lowered after 1.5 ml/kg of NSO but flexing and licking significantly lowered by all 3 doses (p ≤0.05, p ≤ 0.001, p≤ 0.001). In addition, in late phase jerking and flexing and licking was reduced by higher 2 doses (p ≤0.001) and all 3 doses respectively (p ≤ 0.001, in all doses). Conclusion: From this study, it may be concluded that, NSO possess analgesic effect and higher two doses were more effective than lower doses. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2018, December; 13(2): 84-90
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32

Chakraborty, Subhankar. "Multiple ring enhancing lesions in a patient with unilateral limb jerking." Open Medicine 9, no. 3 (June 1, 2014): 391–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-013-0284-0.

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AbstractMultiple ring enhancing lesions (MREL) in the brain can be caused by a variety of diseases including infections, inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. We present the case of a patient with new onset unilateral jerking movement of the arm who was found to have sixteen ring enhancing lesions (RELs) in the brain on MRI. Further workup revealed a primary small cell lung cancer. The differential diagnosis of multiple ring enhancing lesions is discussed. The astute clinician should be aware of this rare but important radiological finding.
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33

Echebarria, S. G. "1.119 New altered motion types in jerking, sympathetic, spasmlike movement disorders." Parkinsonism & Related Disorders 13 (January 2007): S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1353-8020(08)70390-0.

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34

Cleather, Daniel J., Jon E. Goodwin, and Anthony M. J. Bull. "Intersegmental Moment Analysis Characterizes the Partial Correspondence of Jumping and Jerking." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 27, no. 1 (January 2013): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e31825037ee.

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35

Cleather, Daniel J., Jon E. Goodwin, and Anthony M. J. Bull. "Hip and knee joint loading during vertical jumping and push jerking." Clinical Biomechanics 28, no. 1 (January 2013): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2012.10.006.

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36

Hanaoka, Yoshiyuki, Tomoyuki Akiyama, Harumi Yoshinaga, Ryousuke Miyamoto, Toshitaka Kawarai, Ryuji Kaji, and Katsuhiro Kobayashi. "Monozygotic twins with DYT-TOR1A showing jerking movements and levodopa responsiveness." Brain and Development 43, no. 7 (August 2021): 783–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.braindev.2021.03.005.

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37

Rahman, Md Mizanur, Noorzahan Begum, Taskina Ali, Mahadi Abdur Rouf, and Shahriar Masood. "Vitamin B12 and ketorolac on pain in Long Evans rats." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 11, no. 2 (December 14, 2016): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v11i2.30653.

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Background: Effects of vitamin B12 on pain have been demonstrated in different animal and human studies. But comparison of these effects with similar effects of ketorolac tromethamine (KT) and their combination have not been established.Objective: To assess the effects of vitamin B12 on pain and also to compare them with those of the combinations of vitamin B12 with KT in rat models.Methods: This experimental study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from March 2015 to February 2016. For this, 20 (twenty) Long Evans rats (215±35 gm) of both sexes were divided into control (A, with 5 ml/kg normal saline) and experimental (B1, with 15 mg/kg B12; B2, with 10 mg/kg KT; B3, with B12+KT) groups with 5 rats in each group. All the drugs and vitamin were administered intraperitoneally in a single dose just one hour before formalin test. To evaluate the treatments’ effect on nociceptive pain, early phase (1st- 5th minutes); on central analgesic system, interphase (6th-15th minutes); and on inflammatory pain, late phase (16th-60th minutes) of the formalin test, were observed. In all phases, total frequency of jerking and total duration of flexing and licking of the right hind paw were counted after administration of subcutaneous formalin (50 ?l, 2.5%) injection. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. In the interpretation of results, p?0.05 was considered as significant.Results: B12 lowered only the jerking frequency and KT lowered both jerking frequency and flexinglicking duration significantly (p?0.001) in the late phase of formalin test. On the other hand, combination of B12 and KT significantly (p?0.001) lowered both the study variables in all 3 phases of formalin test.Conclusion: From this study it may be concluded that, vitamin B12 possess analgesic effects and combination of B12 with KT is more effective than those of their individual administration.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2016, December; 11(2): 63-69
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38

Chokroverty, Sudhansu, Sushanth Bhat, and Divya Gupta. "Intensified Hypnic Jerks." Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology 30, no. 4 (August 2013): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wnp.0b013e31829dde98.

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39

Carey, Brian. "Justice for Jerks." Social Theory and Practice 42, no. 4 (2016): 748–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/soctheorpract201642426.

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40

Haupt, R. L. "Jerks at work." IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 46, no. 2 (April 2004): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/map.2004.1305580.

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41

EGGENBERGER, E. "Macrosquare wave jerks." Acta Ophthalmologica 87 (September 2009): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.3164.x.

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42

TELOS, NANCY. "Proactive: Spiritual care for terminal restlessness." Palliative and Supportive Care 3, no. 3 (September 2005): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951505050376.

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According to the Journal of Pain and Palliative Care Pharmacology, 25–88% of all hospice patients, caregivers, and hospice staff will observe significant changes in a patient's behaviors. Some of the changes include picking at sheets or Depends, restlessness movements of the arms and legs, confusion, tight clutching at caregiver's hands, and twitching and jerking. These signs are usually categorized as terminal restlessness. Sometimes, the cause is a medical condition that can be treated.
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43

Eisermann, Monika, Claude Lardeux, Muriel Nicloux, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Jean-Francois Vanbellinghen, Jean-Francois Magny, Anna Kaminska, and Alexandre Lapillonne. "Not All Myoclonic Jerking and Tonic Posturing in the Neonate Is Epilepsy." Journal of Pediatrics 164, no. 3 (March 2014): 664–664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.10.073.

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44

Kloke, Marianne, Ulrich Bingel, and Siegfried Seeber. "Complications of spinal opioid therapy: myoclonus, spastic muscle tone and spinal jerking." Supportive Care in Cancer 2, no. 4 (July 1994): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00365731.

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45

Sathe, Harshal, Sagar Karia, Avinash Desousa, and Nilesh Shah. "Hypnic jerks possibly induced by escitalopram." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 6, no. 03 (March 2015): 423–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.158797.

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ABSTRACTHypnic jerks or sleep starts are benign myoclonic jerks that usually occur on falling asleep. Various factors like excessive caffeine intake, physical, and emotional stress can increase their frequency. Here we report a case of a female who suffered from hypnic jerks with use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drug escitalopram and responding to treatment with clonazepam.
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46

Koehl, M. A. R. "The quirks of jerks." Nature 396, no. 6712 (December 1998): 621–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/25231.

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47

Wang, Jun, Qing Nian Wang, Xiao Hua Zeng, Chuan Li, and Song Shan Liu. "Dynamic Coordinated Shifting Control for Hybrid Electric Vehicle." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 615–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.615.

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Building a dynamic coordinated shifting control model of hybrid electric bus, analyzing of dynamic coordinated shifting process to achieve good perfomance by coordinated control of main motor and engine, clutch control, active synchronous motor, automatic transmission and so on. This article provides motor torque compensation algorithm to achieve no torque interrupted and motor active synchronization algorithm to reduce the shift time. From the results show that the control strategy realizes no torque interrupted and greatly reduces the jerking to achieve the smooth operation in the shifting process.
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48

Hafezi-Moghadam, Ali, Kennard L. Thomas, Alyson J. Prorock, Yuqing Huo, and Klaus Ley. "L-Selectin Shedding Regulates Leukocyte Recruitment." Journal of Experimental Medicine 193, no. 7 (April 2, 2001): 863–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.193.7.863.

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The physiologic role of L-selectin shedding is unknown. Here, we investigate the effect of L-selectin shedding on firm adhesion and transmigration. In a tumor necrosis factor α–induced model of inflammation, inhibition of L-selectin shedding significantly increased firm adhesion and transmigration by a lymphocyte function–associated antigen (LFA)-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1–dependent mechanism. We examined the quality of leukocyte rolling and L-selectin–mediated signaling. Blockade of L-selectin shedding significantly reduced the “jerkiness” of leukocyte rolling, defined as the variability of velocity over time. A low level of jerkiness was also observed in the rolling of microbeads conjugated with L-selectin, a model system lacking the mechanism for L-selectin shedding. Inhibition of L-selectin shedding potentiated activation of LFA-1 and Mac-1 induced by L-selectin cross-linking as shown by activation epitope expression and binding of ICAM-1–conjugated beads. We conclude that inhibition of L-selectin shedding increases leukocyte adhesion and transmigration by (a) increasing leukocyte exposure to the inflamed endothelium by decreasing jerkiness and (b) promoting leukocyte activation by outside-in signaling. These observations help to resolve the apparent discrepancy between the minor contribution of L-selectin to rolling and the significant leukocyte recruitment defect in L-selectin knockout mice.
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Nakajima, Nobuhito, Masayuki Ueda, Hiroshi Nagayama, and Yasuo Katayama. "Hypoglycemia-induced spontaneous unilateral jerking movement in bilateral internal capsule posterior limb abnormalities." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 338, no. 1-2 (March 2014): 220–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2013.12.041.

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Iyer, Rajesh Shankar. "Proximal Upper Limb Jerking: Important Clinical Sign to Diagnose Epilepsy With Myoclonic Absences." Pediatric Neurology 71 (June 2017): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2017.03.001.

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