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Journal articles on the topic 'Jesuit'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Williamson, Adam. "We Faithful Few." General: Brock University Undergraduate Journal of History 5 (April 11, 2020): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/tg.v5i1.2385.

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This article focuses on the Jesuit missions into Elizabethan England and the Jesuit relationship with the Catholic gentry and why the gentry were crucial to Jesuit mission’s survival. This is done by looking at the various ways that the gentry class were involved with and supported the Jesuit’s efforts. Gentry homes were an important aspect of gentry support because of their multi-purpose functions in hiding the priests from state authorities, their ideal place for planning operations and for holding mass because of their hidden countryside location. The gentry class were also personally invol

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2

Chauca Tapia, Roberto. "Sobre letrados chinos y bogas amazónicos: La participación indígena en la producción del conocimiento cartográfico y geográfico jesuita en Asia y América." Revista de Historia y Geografía, no. 34 (September 13, 2016): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07194145.34.353.

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ResumenEn el campo de la producción cartográfica jesuita en América, la contribución indígena ha sido difícil de examinar y, en consecuencia, tradicionalmente obliterada. La situación de la producción científica jesuita en Asia es, sin embargo, completamente distinta, pues allí la discusión ha girado en torno al grado de influencia mutua ejercida tanto por la comunidad misionera europea como por la intelligentsia local. Una comparación entre ambas empresas misioneras, con particular énfasis en los jesuitas de China y del Amazonas español, nos ayudará a poner en mejor perspectiva hasta qué nive

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Lamal, Nina, and Jan Machielsen. "Jesuits and Print: the Polemical Example of John Hay." Journal of Jesuit Studies 10, no. 3 (2023): 405–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10030001.

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Abstract This introductory article employs the Scottish Jesuit John Hay as a starting point for a wider exploration of the relationship between Jesuits and print, the theme of this special issue. Hay demonstrates how important print could be to a Jesuit’s self-worth and identity. In this, as contemporary catalogs of Jesuit publications attest, he was not alone, but he was a controversial outlier. Hay’s superiors prevented him from continuing a vociferous polemical exchange and appeared to guide him towards a more suitable subject: translations of missionary reports. Hay’s career in print point

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4

Tutino, John. "Capitalism, Christianity, and Slavery: Jesuits in New Spain, 1572–1767." Journal of Jesuit Studies 8, no. 1 (2020): 11–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-0801p002.

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Abstract The Jesuits arrived in New Spain in the 1570s and soon became participants in a dynamic world of silver capitalism at the center of the early modern global economy. They launched money-making enterprises to sustain their missions, churches, and schools (colegios) that relied upon enslaved African producers alongside indigenous workers in complex labor arrangements. The diversity of labor at the Jesuit-run Santa Lucía and Xochimancas estates contrast with the heavier reliance on enslaved African labor at Jesuit sugar plantations in Brazil. The article analyzes a key eighteenth-century

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Melean, Jorge Troisi. "“Esclavos y jesuitas: explotación, control y negociación en la Argentina colonial”." REVISTA PLURI 1, no. 1 (2019): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.26843/rpv112018p161-170.

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El territorio que actualmente ocupa la Argentina correspondía a la Provincia jesuítica del Paraguay, donde se erigieron los colegios de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Corrientes, La Rioja, Salta, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán, la Universidad de Córdoba y la residencia de Catamarca. Hacia 1767, más de 3.500 esclavos afroamericanos se encontraban trabajando en cada una de las propiedades de los colegios y residencias del territorio argentino colonial, una porción de la Provincia jesuítica del Paraguay. Los esclavos constituían un factor esencial del sistema jesuita. Prácticamente un 30% del cap

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McCoog, Thomas M. "‘Laid up Treasure’: The Finances of the English Jesuits in the Seventeenth Century." Studies in Church History 24 (1987): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400008378.

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A frequent criticism of the Society of Jesus, and one which Martin Grene, the Jesuit apologist whose An Account of the Jesuites Life and Doctrine was published in 1661, was especially eager to refute, was the possession of immense wealth. Grene’s rebuttal began with a distinction between an individual Jesuit and a Jesuit institution. The former was forbidden to accept any financial compensation for his apostolic services. What he did, he did freely. Grene stressed that the work was done by the Society gratuitously and simply for the love of God. The Jesuits sought no reward but relied on the p

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7

Altic, Mirela. "Changing the Discourse: Post-Expulsion Jesuit Cartography of Spanish America." Journal of Jesuit Studies 6, no. 1 (2019): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00601008.

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The suppression of the Jesuit order influenced the overall production and content of post-expulsion Jesuit cartography, however, important differences in terms of content and discourse can be seen in terms of maps by former Jesuits created in Europe (esp. the Italian Peninsula and Central Europe) as well as the origin of Jesuit mapmakers (Creole / non-Creole). The reasons for this included the cartographic sources that the Jesuits used in exile, the new intellectual circles within which they exchanged geographic and cartographic knowledge, and the reception Jesuit maps had among former Jesuits

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Grendler, Paul F. "Jesuit Schools and Universities in Europe 1548–1773." Brill Research Perspectives in Jesuit Studies 1, no. 1 (2019): 1–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25897454-12340001.

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Abstract Paul F. Grendler, noted historian of European education, surveys Jesuit schools and universities throughout Europe from the first school founded in 1548 to the suppression of the Society of Jesus in 1773. The Jesuits were famed educators who founded and operated an international network of schools and universities that enrolled students from the age of eight or ten through doctoral studies. The essay analyzes the organization, curriculum, pedagogy, culture, financing, relations with civil authorities, enrollments, and social composition of students in Jesuit pre-university schools. Gr

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9

Rothman, Adam. "The Jesuits and Slavery." Journal of Jesuit Studies 8, no. 1 (2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-0801p001.

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Abstract Despite extensive historiography, most people are not aware that the Society of Jesus owned people. Even Jesuit historiography sometimes neglects that complicated history. The historiography of slavery, however, has long tapped into Jesuit sources and produced a rich scholarship on Jesuit debates over slavery and their slaveholding practices across the Americas. This essay places Jesuit slaveholding in the context of the Jesuits’ global history and argues that genealogical research and calls for reconciliation provide an opportunity to renew and reorient scholarship towards the social

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10

Stanevičius, Ignas. "Jesuit Fathers Beyond the Iron Curtain: Directions and Challenges of Lithuanian Jesuit Exiles in the 20th Century." Lietuvos istorijos studijos 53 (June 25, 2024): 74–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lis.2024.53.5.

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The article examines the directions and challenges of the activities of Lithuanian Jesuits in exile from 1931 to 1990. The study utilizes archival Jesuit documents such as annual meeting reports, meeting protocols, correspondence, and memoirs. In 1948, with the approval of the Jesuit leadership in Rome, the Jesuits established a vice-province that brought together all the priests separated from the native Lithuanian Jesuit province. The challenges of emigration compelled the monks to adapt to the everyday life of the new world, nurture the spirit of Jesuit life, and preserve their national ide

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Grendler, Paul F. "Jesuit Schools in Europe. A Historiographical Essay." Journal of Jesuit Studies 1, no. 1 (2014): 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00101002.

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The article surveys recent scholarship on Jesuit schools and universities in Europe from 1548 to 1773. It focuses on the period after the death of Ignatius of Loyola because that is when crucial decisions that shaped Jesuit schools were made. Diego Laínez made the most important decision in 1560 when he ordered that all Jesuits would teach. The goal of Jesuit teaching went beyond saving souls: Jesuit schools had the secular purpose of improving civil society by educating boys to earn a living and to fill leadership positions. Much recent scholarship has focused on Jesuit mathematical scholarsh

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Cañeque, Alejandro. "In the Shadow of Francis Xavier: Martyrdom and Colonialism in the Jesuit Asian Missions." Journal of Jesuit Studies 9, no. 3 (2022): 438–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-09030007.

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Abstract This article focuses on the violent deaths of the Jesuit missionaries Rodolfo Acquaviva, Marcello Mastrilli, and Diego Luis de San Vítores, who were killed in the course of their evangelical endeavors in India, Japan, and the Mariana Islands, respectively. It elucidates the ways in which the figure of St. Francis Xavier intersected with the Jesuit ideal of martyrdom, while situating the three martyred Jesuits within the history of Iberian imperialism and colonialism. Xavier became the dominant Jesuit image of apostolic sanctity, and he greatly energized the evangelical zeal of many Je

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Montón-Subías, Sandra. "The Habit Does Make the Monk: Jesuit Dress in the Marianas Mission 1668–1700." Journal of Jesuit Studies 11, no. 2 (2024): 204–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-11020002.

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Abstract This article explores some of the body modifications that occurred in the Mariana Islands during the initial decades of the Jesuit mission. It focuses on Jesuit vestments and the use of Indigenous CHamoru palm-weaving in a cultural background where the CHamoru dress code clashed with Jesuit mindsets. The article also analyzes the imposition of clothing on the CHamorus by the Jesuits and the imposition of nakedness on the Jesuits by the CHamorus as punitive measures within a colonial environment where the Jesuits sought to dismantle traditional lifeways while the CHamorus endeavored to

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Deželak Trojar, Monika. "Jezuitska dramatika in gledališče na Slovenskem." Jezik in slovstvo 65, no. 3-4 (2024): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/jis.65.3-4.167-182.

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Jesuit theatre was a pan-European phenomenon in the early modern period, originating from the Jesuits’ educational and pastoral activity. The Jesuits’ drama activity in Ljubljana, Klagenfurt, Gorica and Trieste followed general European trends; it was an intermediate link between theatre performances at Protestant estates school and later performances by visiting German and Italian theatre troupes in Slovenia. It represents the first proper and organised theatre in Slovenia on which reliable archival sources have been preserved. Since Jesuit theatre in Ljubljana operated for over 170 years, of

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Sander, Christoph. "Medical Topics in the De anima Commentary of Coimbra (1598) and the Jesuits’ Attitude towards Medicine in Education and Natural Philosophy." Early Science and Medicine 19, no. 1 (2014): 76–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733823-00191p03.

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Early-modern Jesuit universities did not offer studies in medicine, and from 1586 onwards, the Jesuit Ratio studiorum prohibited digressions on medical topics in the Aristotelian curriculum. However, some sixteenth-century Jesuit text books used in philosophy classes provided detailed accounts on physiological issues such as sense perception and its organic location as discussed in Aristotle’s De anima II, 7–11. This seeming contradiction needs to be explained. In this paper, I focus on the interst in medical topics manifested in a commentary by the Jesuits of Coimbra. Admittedly, the Coimbra

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Špániová, Marta, and Lucia Lichnerová. "Jesuit libraries and popular Jesuit literature in Kingdom of Hungary in the 17th century. Interconnection between Hungarian and Polish Jesuit book culture." Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi 15, no. 2 (2021): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33077/uw.25448730.zbkh.2021.662.

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The authors present the characteristics of Jesuit libraries in the Kingdom of Hungary in terms of their content, with special focus on works by the most influential Jesuit authors, which were among the most numerous ones in Hungarian Jesuit libraries. The authors also draw attention to the most popular titles published by the Hungarian Jesuits in the 17th century, which can be considered bestsellers of Baroque Catholic literature not only in the Kingdom of Hungary, but also abroad. Many of them also found their readers in Poland and were translated into Polish. Furthermore, the authors point t

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Altic, Mirela. "Sacred Landscapes of Greater Syria: Joseph Besson’s 1660 Jesuit Perspective." Journal of Jesuit Studies 11, no. 2 (2024): 226–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-11020003.

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Abstract Joseph Besson’s 1660 account of Jesuit missions in Syria offers a rare glimpse into the region’s cultural landscape from the perspective of French Jesuits living among diverse communities of Jews, Christians (Greek-Orthodox and Catholic), and Muslims. Drawing on unpublished Jesuit relations from 1625 to 1659 and an unsigned map of Syria, this article explores Besson’s portrayal of Greater Syria, a region encompassing modern-day Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, and western Jordan, within the Ottoman empire. A detailed analysis reveals that the map is likely an original Jesuit creatio

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Kainulainen, Jaska. "Virtue and Civic Values in Early Modern Jesuit Education." Journal of Jesuit Studies 5, no. 4 (2018): 530–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00504003.

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The article suggests that by offering education in the studia humanitatis the Jesuits made an important contribution to early modern political culture. The Jesuit education facilitated the establishment of political rule or administration of civic affairs in harmony with Christian virtues, and produced generations of citizens who, while studying under the Jesuits, learned to identify piety with civic values. In educating such citizens the Jesuit pedagogues relied heavily on classical rhetoric as formulated by Cicero (106–43 bc), Quintilian (35–100), and Aristotle (384–322 bc). The article depi

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Benite, Zvi Ben-Dor. "“Western Gods Meet in the East”: Shapes and Contexts of the Muslim-Jesuit Dialogue in Early Modern China." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 55, no. 2-3 (2012): 517–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341244.

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AbstractThis essay is concerned with the possibilities and limitations of the Jesuit-Islamic dialogue in China in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. It presents and discusses evidence for the interest of Chinese Muslims and Jesuits in each other almost from the outset, immediately after Matteo Ricci’s arrival in China. Muslims read Jesuit material and even incorporated it in their own works. Chinese Muslims were not, however, interested in Jesuit doctrines because of a shared monotheist faith: Chinese Muslims clearly saw Christianity not as a sister faith but as a Western one, and that w

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20

Colombo, Emanuele. "“Infidels” at Home." Journal of Jesuit Studies 1, no. 2 (2014): 192–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00102003.

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Drawing from published and unpublished Jesuit sources—treatises, handbooks, reports, and letters—this article explores the Jesuit apostolate to Muslim slaves in Naples and in different cities of Spain during the seventeenth century. Under the blanket of missionary rhetoric, a Jesuit viewpoint not otherwise available is found in these sources, which highlight their missionary methods and strategies and clarify the special status of the apostolate to Muslim slaves in the Jesuit mind. While Europe was the setting of missions to Muslim slaves, and the missions were considered a variation of the so

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Verhoeven, Timothy. "“A Perfect Jesuit in Petticoats”: The Curious Figure of the Female Jesuit." Journal of Jesuit Studies 2, no. 4 (2015): 624–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00204005.

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This article investigates one of the most curious figures in the anti-Jesuit arsenal, the female Jesuit, or Jesuitess. In the middle decades of the nineteenth century, opponents of the Jesuits in a range of nations warned that the bedrock institutions of society were vulnerable to infiltration by this figure who in their mind combined Jesuit cunning with feminine charm. This made the female Jesuit, in words that were repeated in exposés of the Society, even more dangerous than the male Jesuit. Perhaps paradoxically, the female Jesuit tells us a great deal about the imagined nature of Jesuit ma

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Graczyk, Waldemar. "Okoliczności powstania oraz przejawy działalności religijnej i kulturowej jezuitów w Płocku w XVII i XVIII wieku." Biuletyn Historii Wychowania, no. 31 (March 1, 2019): 51–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/bhw.2014.31.4.

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The goal of this article is to present the circumstances accompanying the establishment of the Jesuit collegium in Płock. The author analyses the economic, political and cultural bases of the foundation as well as the role played in this venture by bishops Andrzej Noskowski and Marcin Szyszkowski. Finally, in 1616 the Jesuit foundation in Płock was approved by the Polish Parliament. The article includes a description of the working methods employed by the Jesuit teachers, the curricula, as well as the extra-curricular forms of affecting the local community of the Jesuit Society Collegium – the

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Schloesser, Stephen. "Recent Works in Jesuit Philosophy." Journal of Jesuit Studies 1, no. 1 (2014): 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00101007.

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The works considered in this review essay trace the vicissitudes of Jesuit particularism and reflect broader changes in intellectual and cultural history over the past twenty years. Reevaluations of “scientific revolution,” “Enlightenment(s),” and “modernity” itself have provided the preconditions for the possible reframing of Jesuit “philosophical” practices (including “natural philosophy”). Five of these books treat the work of Francisco Suárez in the late-sixteenth and early-seventeenth centuries, a test-case for the problem of periodizing the “modern.” Three other works provide snapshots o

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Stuczynski, Claude B. "Jesuits and Conversos as a “Tragic Couple”: Introductory Remarks." Journal of Jesuit Studies 8, no. 2 (2021): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-0802p001.

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Abstract This article introduces the phenomenon of Jesuit-converso interactions, mostly in the early modern Iberian world. It summarizes the shifting attitudes of the Society of Jesus vis-à-vis New Christians of Jewish origin as actual or potential Jesuits and maps the multifaceted and variegated interplay between Jesuit priests and converso laymen, understood as a “tragic couple” relationship. This brief survey emphasizes the historiographical contribution of the last generations of Jesuit scholars, and of the five articles included in this special issue of the Journal of Jesuit Studies, to d

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Schmidt, Kelly L. "A National Legacy of Enslavement: An Overview of the Work of the Slavery, History, Memory, and Reconciliation Project." Journal of Jesuit Studies 8, no. 1 (2020): 81–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-0801p005.

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Abstract As the Jesuit mission in the United States expanded to the west in the early nineteenth century, the Society bought, owned, hired, sold, and forcibly moved enslaved people to support their activities. Enslaved people lived and labored at Jesuit schools, scholasticates, churches, and farms in Missouri, Kentucky, Louisiana, and Kansas. Aspects of their lives, including names and family relationships, can be gleaned from Jesuit and other archival materials. These records show what daily life was like for enslaved people owned by the Jesuits as they built communities, sought to protect th

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Dzhurinskiy, Alexander Naumovich. "Pedagogical Ideas and Practices of the Jesuits of The Late Middle Ages (XV–XVII Centuries)." Siberian Pedagogical Journal, no. 5 (November 11, 2021): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/1813-4718.2105.10.

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The article examines the pedagogical activity of the Jesuits at the first stage of the development of the Order of St. Loyola. The Jesuit Order intended to monopolize the education and training of the young generations of the ruling strata. The Jesuits were looking for a “third way” between the formulas of Roman Catholic pedagogy and secular approaches to education and training. The congregation of Jesuits used the ideological pedagogical potential of the Renaissance and the Reformation, interpreting it from a conservative standpoint. The article examines the activities of Jesuit colleges: man

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Loshtyn, Nazarii. "Library of the Jesuit College in Lviv and Its Fate after the Dissolution of the Society of Jesus." Kyivan Academy, no. 18 (June 3, 2022): 109–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18523/1995-025x.2021.18.109-139.

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The Library of the Jesuit college in Lviv is known as the biggest and best-equipped library in the city. It was founded at the beginning of the 17th century, and after one hundred years, there were approximately 12,000 books. But there was a huge loss of books after a great fire in 1734. After that Jesuits restored their book collection. Historiography says that there were approximately 10,000 books in the library at the time of the dissolution of the Society of Jesus. Unfortunately, it is impossible to verify the information about 10,000 books because historians still cannot find an old

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Ignacio García S.J., José. "The Contributions of European Jesuits to Environmental Sciences." Journal of Jesuit Studies 3, no. 4 (2016): 562–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00304002.

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Jesuit activity in the fields of the natural sciences manifest in the origins of the Society both as teachers and as missionaries. In particular, entomology, botany, meteorology, and geography attracted the attention of the early Jesuits. Always involved in scientific inquiry, the number of Jesuits today working in these fields has diminished tremendously. During the twentieth century though Jesuits established reputable institutions of agricultural education in both France and Spain. This article discusses the recent development of the discipline of ecology and other Jesuit contributions in t

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Nelles, Paul. "Cosas y cartas: Scribal Production and Material Pathways in Jesuit Global Communication (1547–1573)." Journal of Jesuit Studies 2, no. 3 (2015): 421–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00203003.

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This article analyzes some of the social mechanisms and material processes involved in Jesuit global communication in the first decades of the Society’s history. The exchange of administrative correspondence, news-sheets (quadrimestres), and edifying letters from the overseas missions was coordinated by the Society’s Roman secretary, Juan Alfonso de Polanco. Communication made significant material demands on both Rome and key transmission nodes on the Jesuit network. In 1560, a decentralized system of scribal production of news and letters was established. Particular pressure was placed on Lis

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Loach, Judi. "Ménestrier on Emblems in the Context of “Erudite Images” and His Wider “Philosophy of Images”." Journal of Jesuit Studies 11, no. 1 (2023): 100–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-11010005.

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Abstract This paper shows how Ménestrier’s theorizing on emblems developed from his practice as devisor of decorative schemes and festivals, as indeed did that of fellow Jesuits. It explains his concern for developing a theoretical framework (whereas fellow Jesuits usually published collections of emblems with little theory) in terms of the influence exerted by his Jesuit training in Aristotelian philosophy and Thomist theology and the example set by the (ex-)Jesuit theorist Emanuele Tesauro. It puts Ménestrier’s theory and practice of emblems within the context of his more general concern for

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Šapro-Ficović, Marica, and Željko Vegh. "The History of Jesuit Libraries in Croatia." Journal of Jesuit Studies 2, no. 2 (2015): 283–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00202008.

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The purpose of this study is to provide a historical overview of the Jesuit libraries in Croatia from their foundation to the present. The first known libraries were at Jesuit high schools, called “colleges,” established during the seventeenth century. This article deals with foundation of libraries at the Jesuit colleges in Zagreb, Varaždin, Požega, Rijeka, and Dubrovnik, emphasizing their role supporting education and the dissemination of knowledge. These libraries were witness to a strong influence of Jesuits colleges on the spiritual, educational, and intellectual life of many Croats. High

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Darowski, Roman. "FILOSOFIJA LIETUVOS JĖZUITŲ MOKYKLOSE NUO XVI IKI XVIII AMŽIAUS." Problemos 73 (January 1, 2008): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/problemos.2008.0.2022.

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Straipsnį sudaro svarbiausios autoriaus atliktų sistemingų tris dešimtmečius trukusių Lenkijos ir Lietuvos jėzuitų mokyklose puoselėtos filosofijos tyrimų išvados. Aptariamas laikotarpis nuo jėzuitų veiklos Lietuvoje pradžios antrojoje XVI a. pusėje iki XVIII a. pabaigos. Tiriamo laikotarpio jėzuitų filosofijoje išskiriamos dvi kryptys – filosofija, tiesiogiai susijusi su dėstymu, t. y. dėstyta jėzuitų mokyklose, ir pilietinė filosofija, tiesiogiai su dėstymu nesusijusi. Autorius aptaria žymiausius jėzuitų filosofus, jų puoselėtų teorijų ištakas bei reikšmę, sąsajas su Aristotelio doktrina ir

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Kádár, Zsófia. "Inner Mission: Mission Landscape of the Provincia Austriae around 1650." Jesuit Educational Quarterly 1, no. 2 (2025): 335–52. https://doi.org/10.51238/5bfz3t4.

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The Austrian Jesuit Province (1563–1773) operated within the geopolitical complexities of Ottoman-occupied Hungary, sustaining Catholic communities and engaging with Protestant, Orthodox, and Muslim populations. This study examines the mid-17th-century Jesuit missionary network, analyzing personnel, mobile and stable missions, and their broader impact. Using Jesuit catalogues and reports, it reconstructs the role of missions within the province’s institutional framework and explores how frontier experiences influenced Jesuits seeking missions further afield. By situating these efforts within b

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Thompson, D. G. "General Ricci and the Suppression of the Jesuit Order in France 1760–4." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 37, no. 3 (1986): 426–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900021485.

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The issue in the series of crises leading to the suppression of the Jesuit order in France in 1764 was the absolute obedience owed under the Jesuit Institute by every French Jesuit to the superior general of the Society of Jesus resident in Rome. On the eve of the suppression, the French law courts and the Crown reasoned that Jesuit subjects of the king of France ought not to owe such obedience to a foreign superior living on foreign soil. In the eyes of the secular authorities, the French Jesuits' connection with their superior general constituted a threat to the security of the French state.

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Kruglova, Maria S. "LOST IN TRANSLATION: MATTEO RIPA AND HIS ROLE IN CHINESE RITES CONTROVERSY." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 4 (18) (2021): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2021-4-117-130.

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The activity of the Catholic missionary Matteo Ripa is placed here in the context of the Chinese rites controversy (CRC), a religious dispute regarding Christian tolerance of Chinese ancestral worship rituals. I trace the distortions in the literature by analyzing three versions of Ripa’s memoirs entitled Giornale. Contrary to a widespread view, Ripa was neither a Jesuit nor a professional artist. Ripa took an active part in the CRC and opposed the members of the Jesuit Order. Ripa’s memoirs, written upon his return from China, have become a truly real weapon in the struggle between Catholic o

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González-Bolado, Jaime. "Two Unpublished Letters on the Jesuit Mission Press in Late Sixteenth-Century Japan." East Asian Publishing and Society 13, no. 1 (2023): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22106286-12341370.

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Abstract This article presents a few unpublished notes, included in two different Jesuit letters, which provide new details about the Jesuit Mission Press in late sixteenth-century Japan. Information about the problems that the Jesuits faced in the internal administration of the printing press and the tools that they employed to run it can be found in these notes, which may be useful for those interested in the Jesuit Mission Press, and in general, in the history of book-production in Japan.

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Bernauer, James. "Rebellion of the Righteous: Jesuit Partisanship for Jews." Journal of Jesuit Studies 5, no. 2 (2018): 224–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00502003.

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This essay rescues the memory of Jesuit partisanship for Jews and Judaism from a widespread indifference, both scholarly and popular. This memory complicates a long history of Jesuit hostility to Jews and is at the source of a new inter-religious identity for Jesuits. Jesuit rescuers of Jews during the period of the Holocaust crossed traditional borders in embracing a reverence and respect for Jews and Judaism. Both German Jesuit and French Jesuit resistance to Nazism are examined. The Jesuit righteous and resisters formed a spiritual alliance with such important scholars as Augustin Cardinal

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Maryks, Robert Aleksander. "“Idźcież już precz!” [Come on, get out already!]: The Origins and Development of the Earliest Anti-Jesuit Literature in the Commonwealth of Poland–Lithuania, 1577–1614." Journal of Jesuit Studies 10, no. 1 (2023): 26–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10010004.

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Abstract This article is the first account in English of the origins and development of the earliest anti-Jesuit literature in the Commonwealth of Poland–Lithuania from the publication in 1577 of the first anti-Jesuit work, Jakub Niemojewski’s (c.1532–84) Diatribe abo kolacyja przyjacielska z ks. Jezuitami poznańskimi o przedniejsze różnice wiary krzescijańskiej (Diatribe or a friendly supper with Poznań Jesuit fathers about the main differences of the Christian faith), until the publication in 1614 of the most famous and most influential anti-Jesuit work not only in Poland but also in other p

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Jovaiša, Liudas. "Life after Death: Fates of the Jesuits of Kražiai College after 1773 and Former Jesuits." Senoji Lietuvos literatūra 44 (December 20, 2017): 96–152. https://doi.org/10.51554/sll.2017.28837.

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The paper is devoted to the fate, both collective and individual, of the Jesuits who were members of the community of the College of Kražiai (including the Mission of Varniai) at the crucial moment of the suppression of the Society of Jesus in 1773. In addition, the activities and lives of the former Jesuits who were active in Kražiai later, are also examined.The major part of the Jesuit community of the College of Kražiai was dispersed after the official announcement of the suppression of the Society of Jesus had taken place. Most Jesuit fathers and students probably left Kražiai due to the f

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Abascal Sherwall Raull, Pablo. "The Jesuit colleges and its destiny after their expulsion of New Spain (1572-1814): A Historiographical Essay." Signos Históricos 25, no. 50 (2024): 204–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/shis.v25n50.06.

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Historiography devoted to Jesuit schools in New Spain and their destiny after the Jesuits expulsion has gone through different stages since 1930 to the present. In order to analyze what has been produced, the article shows a general overview of how histo-riography has treated New Spain’s Jesuit schools and their destiny after the expulsion. Likewise, it ends with an analysis of current historiographical trends and why it is an increasingly rich field to explore.Keywords: colleges; jesuits; New Spain; historiography; temporalities

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Vélez, Karin. "“By means of tigers”: Jaguars as Agents of Conversion in Jesuit Mission Records of Paraguay and the Moxos, 1600–1768." Church History 84, no. 4 (2015): 768–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640715000955.

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In the mid-1600s, the Jesuit Antonio Ruiz de Montoya reported that man-eating jaguars were helping to convert Guaraní Indians to Catholicism. This article tests his claim by aggregating multiple mentions of jaguars found in the accounts and letters of Jesuit missionaries in the reductions of Paraguay and the Moxos from the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, including the writing of Jesuits Antonio Ruiz de Montoya, François-Xavier Eder, Alonso Messia, and Martín Dobrizhoffer. Cumulatively, their predator sightings and references suggest that, indeed, the actions of real jaguars were tr

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Gutiérrez Ramírez, Eduardo. "Las interacciones entre la Compañía de Jesús y los vecinos de Santiago. Apoyo y enfrentamiento en los primeros años de la orden en Chile (1593-1647)." Revista de Historia y Geografía, no. 37 (January 30, 2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07194145.37.1072.

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ResumenEn el presente trabajo se analiza la interacción entre jesuitas y vecinos de Santiago, durante los primeros años de la Compañía en el territorio. Asimismo, se analiza de qué manera la Guerra Defensiva habría influenciado la percepción que en Santiago se tenía de la orden, y cómo esto ayudó o dificultó la actividad jesuita durante sus inicios en Chile. Las fuentes utilizadas en este trabajo corresponden al fondo jesuitas de Chile, así como a recopilaciones de documentos extranjeros relacionados con la estadía jesuita en Chile. La investigación se ha realizado considerando a la Compañía d

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Ferkov, Oksana. "BETWEEN FAITH, CHARITY AND SCIENCE: PHARMACIES AND MEDICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE JESUITS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE HUMENNÉ-UNGVÁR COLLEGE (1613 – 1773)." Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History, no. 1 (52) (June 29, 2025): 69–73. https://doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(52).2025.330060.

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In this article, the author highlights a little-studied but important aspect of Jesuit activity – their involvement in medical practice and pharmacy management, based on the example of Humenné and Uzhhorod (Ungvár) during the period from 1613 to 1773. Although the Society of Jesus is primarily associated with religious, educational, and missionary activities, Jesuits also actively participated in providing medical assistance, demonstrating humanistic principles in their practice. Medicine and pharmacology, including the maintenance of pharmacies, were not the main purpose of the order but beca

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Hsia, Ronnie Po-chia. "Jesuit Foreign Missions. A Historiographical Essay." Journal of Jesuit Studies 1, no. 1 (2014): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00101004.

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A review of recent scholarship on early modern Jesuit missions, this essay offers a reflection on the achievements and desiderata in current trends of research. The books discussed include studies on Jesuit missions in China (Matteo Ricci), on the finances of the eighteenth-century Madurai mission in India, the debates over indigenous missions in the Peruvian province in the sixteenth and early seventeenth century, on print and book culture in the Jesuits’ European missions, and finally a series of studies on German-speaking Jesuit missionaries in Brazil, Chile, and New Granada.

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Ellis-Marino, Elizabeth. "Catechization and Conversion." Journal of Jesuit Studies 1, no. 2 (2014): 212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00102004.

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The conversion of large portions of the German-speaking world from Protestantism to Catholicism in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries is considered to be one of the successes of the European Counter-Reformation and of the Jesuits. However, Catholicization programs, especially those supported by the territorial governments, were not received without resistance. In both embattled and secure areas, the Jesuits viewed their schools as primary to their mission to reclaim Protestants and to solidify Catholic faith. Drama was one of the most visible ways that Jesuit teachers could rea

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de Saldanha, Antonio Vasconcelos. "Grace and Disgrace in the Kangxi Emperor’s Court: a Review of the Eulogium Europeorum doctorum of 1711." Asian Review of World Histories 12, no. 2 (2024): 236–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22879811-bja10075.

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Abstract This text focuses on the eulogium of the Europeorum doctorum, a significant tribute from the Imperial Board of Mathematics to the three generations of Jesuit missionaries who served the imperial court of China. The eulogium, produced in 1711, coincided with the imperial gift to the Jesuit’s “Portuguese Church” of three calligraphic compositions of religious inspiration commemorating the inauguration of the new church of the Portuguese mission in Beijing (Nantang 南堂). This event holds great importance in the context of Jesuit history and Chinese-European relations, and the presentation

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Kreigere-Liepiņa, Laura. "Polish Jesuit books from the Riga Jesuit College Library (1583–1621) in the context of Polish and Latvian cultural and historical heritage." Biblioteka, no. 25 (34) (December 30, 2021): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/b.2021.25.5.

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The Riga Jesuit College library (1583‒1621) is one of the libraries relocated by Swedish King Gustav II Adolf from Riga to Sweden in 1621 and donated to the newly founded library at Uppsala University. The Riga Jesuit College was an institution in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, where a strong alliance existed between the Jesuits in Poland and Livonia. They held the same beliefs, had common duties, and used many of the same books. The library consisted of many Polish editions and books from Polish Jesuit colleges, and formed a significant element of the intellectual milieu of the Riga Jesu

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Grendler, Paul F. "The Culture of the Jesuit Teacher 1548–1773." Journal of Jesuit Studies 3, no. 1 (2016): 17–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00301002.

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The culture of the Jesuit teacher consisted of his daily pedagogical attitudes, habits, and practices. In 1560, General Laínez decreed that the schools were the most important ministry and that all Jesuit scholastics and priests must teach. All taught grammar and humanities classes in the lower school for three to five years, and some Jesuits spent most of their careers teaching in the upper school. Learning to manage a classroom of fifty to one hundred boys with the aid of student helpers called decurions was part of teacher culture. Jesuit teacher culture strongly emphasized competition. It

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Pieragastini, Steven. "Jesuits in Modern Far East." Journal of Jesuit Studies 10, no. 4 (2023): 561–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10040002.

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Abstract This special issue of the Journal of Jesuit Studies explores the “new” Jesuit mission to China, established in the 1840s. This, following the Society’s suppression in Europe and the broader banishment of Christianity in China. The introduction provides a snapshot of the critical themes threading through the essays. These include the dynamic interplay between the “old” and “new” Jesuit missions to China, featuring intriguing discussions on cultural “accommodation” and indigenization. The unique role of Shanghai as a vital Jesuit hub in East Asia is examined, underscoring its strategic

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Wu, Hsin-fang. "The Bureau of Sinology and Its Early Development, 1927–1934." Journal of Jesuit Studies 10, no. 4 (2023): 671–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10040008.

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Abstract In 1927, the Jesuit-run Bureau of Sinology was founded in Shanghai to assist missionaries in their apostolic work via education and publications. The bureau’s establishment was part of a longstanding effort to resume the Jesuit tradition of developing intellectual apostolate and pursuing Sinological studies. However, the bureau was soon beset by internal crises that limited its functionality. The bureau also competed with the Synodal Commission, which Celso Costantini (1876–1958), the first apostolic delegate to China, had established in the same year and with a similar objective. The

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