Journal articles: 'Jeu de barre'

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Hulida, E., V. Lendіel, M. Smolinska, and O. Mulko. "THE INFLUENCE OF PRESSURE, NOSE DIAMETER AND TILT ANGLE LENGTH WHOLE SHOULDER." Fire Safety 35 (February 26, 2020): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20786662.35.2019.02.

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The results of the analysis of the technical and reference literature related to the technical fire extinguishing means showed that there is no complete data regarding the technical characteristics of the carriage trunks, which relate to the length of the continuous water jet depending on the fluid pressure, the diameter of the nozzle, the angle of its inclination and placement heights above the ground. The firefighting barrel trunks are mainly used for localization and extinguishing of open fires (for example, in open warehouses of timber, forest fires, etc.). In the process of eliminating such fires, it is necessary to control the flow of a continuous jet into the fire cell by changing the pressure, the diameter of the nozzle, the angle of the barrel and the like. Therefore, to solve this problem in terms of controlling the process of extinguishing a fire, the task is to conduct experimental studies and to obtain on the basis of the experimental results of an empirical mathematical model, which would take into account the influence on the length of the continuous jet of the above factors. According to the results of experimental studies, to obtain a mathematical model for determining the length of flow of a continuous stream of water by a flap barrel from the variables that influence the process of its control during the elimination of fire. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: 1) to carry out experimental studies to determine the length of the flow of continuous jet of water with a pallet barrel from the variables that affect the process of its management in the elimination of fire; 2) mathematically process the results of the experiment and obtain a mathematical model to determine the flow length of a continuous stream of water supplied by a carriage shaft; 3) to develop a methodology for controlling the process of choosing the length of a continuous stream of water, which is fed by a carriage barrel when extinguishing a fire. Experimental studies were conducted using a fractional experiment to solve the first problem. For experimental research used: 1) fire truck MAZ AC-4-60 (5309) -505M; 2) PLS-20P carriage barrel; 3) fire hoses for connecting the carriage barrel to the centrifugal pump of the fire tanker; 4) roulette at 5 m; 5) a goniometer for measuring and setting the angle of the barrel relative to the earth's surface; 6) barrel nozzles d = 25 mm and d = 32 mm. Based on the results of the experiment, a nonlinear mathematical model was developed to determine the flow length of a continuous stream of water supplied by a carriage shaft. The model developed also takes into account the effect on the length of the jet supply the height of placement of the carriage trunk above the ground. The mathematical model for determining the flow length of a continuous jet of water with a carriage trunk gave the opportunity to develop a method of controlling the flow length of a continuous jet of water. Conclusions and specific suggestions: The results of experimental studies to determine the length of the flow of continuous jet of water by a barrel trunk from variable factors made it possible to clarify the technical capabilities of carriage trunks and to develop a method of controlling the process of water supply in the event of fire elimination. A nonlinear mathematical model was developed to determine the flow length of a continuous jet of water by a carriage barrel, the adequacy of which was tested according to the Fisher criterion. To control the process of water supply, depending on the required distance to the fire, a step-by-step method is proposed to increase or decrease the length of the continuous flow of water by a flap barrel.

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-Raoult, H. "Surveillance de température du jeu de barres d'un équipement moyenne tension." Revue de l'Electricité et de l'Electronique -, no. 09 (2003): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3845/ree.2003.115.

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Dupuis, Olivier. "Analyse comparée de l’escrime, des barres et du jeu de paume." e-Phaïstos IV, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ephaistos.626.

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Tahani, Mojtaba, Mohammad Hojaji, and Seyed Vahid Mahmoodi Jezeh. "Turbulent jet in crossflow analysis with LES approach." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 88, no. 6 (October 3, 2016): 717–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-10-2014-0167.

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Purpose This study aims to investigate effects of sonic jet injection into supersonic cross-flow (JISC) numerically in different dynamic pressure ratio values and free stream Mach numbers. Design/methodology/approach Large Eddy simulation (LES) with dynamic Smagorinsky model is used as the turbulence approach. The numerical results are compared with the experimental data, and the comparison shows acceptable validation. Findings According to the results, the dynamic pressure ratio has critical effects on the zone related to barrel shock. Despite free stream Mach number, increasing dynamic pressure ratio leads to expansion of barrel shock zone. Consequently, expanded barrel shock zone would bring about more obstruction effect. In addition, the height of counter-rotating vortex pair increases, and the high-pressure area before jet and low-pressure area after jet will rise. The results show that the position of barrel shock is deviated by increasing free stream Mach number, and the Bow shock zone becomes stronger and close to barrel shock. Moreover, high pressure zone, which is located before the jet, decreases by high free stream Mach number. Practical implications In this study, LES with a dynamic Smagorinsky model is used as the turbulence approach. Effects of sonic JISC are investigated numerically in different dynamic pressure ratio values and free stream Mach numbers. Originality/value As summary, the following are the contribution of this paper in the field of JISC subjects: several case studies of jet condition have been performed. In all the cases, the flow at the nozzle exit is sonic, and the free stream static pressure is constant. To generate proper grid, a cut cell method is used for domain modelling. Boundary condition effect on the wall pressure distribution around the jet and velocity profiles, especially S shape profiles, is investigated. The results show that the relation between representing the location of Mach disk centre and at transonic regime is a function of second-order polynomial, whereas at supersonic regime, the relationship is modelled as a first-order polynomial. In addition, the numerical results are compared with the experimental data demonstrating acceptable validation.

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Misawa, S., S. Kuwabara, Y. Sekiguchi, T. Suichi, H. Amino, and S. Kusunoki. "Eculizumab for Guillain-Barre syndrome: Randomized clinical trial (JET-GBS study)." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 381 (October 2017): 183–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.527.

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BENEDOSSO, FEDERICA. "AZIMUTHAL CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PHOTONS AND CHARGED HADRONS IN p+p AND d+Au COLLISIONS AT $\sqrt{^SNN} = 200\ {\rm GeV}$." International Journal of Modern Physics E 16, no. 07n08 (August 2007): 2018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301307007398.

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We present a systematic analysis of azimuthal correlations between inclusive photons detected in the STAR Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter and tracks measured in the Time Projection Chamber in p + p and d + Au collisions. These measurements provide insight in basic properties of jet fragmentation in p + p and d + Au collisions at RHIC energies and also serve as a reference for medium-modified fragmentation in nuclear collisions. The on-line trigger on high-pT photons in the Barrel Calorimeter provides a substantial sample of triggered events with photons at high-pT. Even at this pT, the photon sample is dominated by π0 decays, allowing to explore jet fragmentation with a leading π0 in detail.

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Yuxian, Zhang, Yang mengke, Wang Hong, and Liu Binbin. "Design and Finite Element Analysis of Water Jet Energy Accumulator Barrel." MATEC Web of Conferences 153 (2018): 06011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815306011.

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In order to solve the yielding failure problem of water jet energy accumulator barrel due to high pressure, the prestressed composite structure design and the theory of equal strength are used to determine the parameters of accumulator barrel, such as the internal cylinder of the composite cylinder, the radii of the inner and outer cylinders, the radius of sub-layer and the optimal interference. Then the ANSYS software is used to analyze the cylinder model with the finite element method, the equivalent stress of the effective node along the wall thickness of the simulation model is obtained by path extraction method and the distribution curves of the equivalent stress along the wall thickness with different internal pressure are also obtained. By analyzing the simulated results and curves, the design parameters of accumulator barrel meet the expected strength requirement.

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Masud, Numair, Amy Ellison, Edward C. Pope, and Jo Cable. "Cost of a deprived environment – increased intraspecific aggression and susceptibility to pathogen infections." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 20 (September 17, 2020): jeb229450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.229450.

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ABSTRACTA lack of environmental enrichment can be severely detrimental to animal welfare. For terrestrial species, including humans, barren environments are associated with reduced cognitive function and increased stress responses and pathology. Despite a clear link between increased stress and reduced immune function, uncertainty remains on how enrichment might influence susceptibility to disease. For aquatic vertebrates, we are only now beginning to assess enrichment needs. Enrichment deprivation in fish has been linked to increased stress responses, agonistic behaviour, physiological changes and reduced survival. Limited data exist, however, on the impact of enrichment on disease resistance in fish, despite infectious diseases being a major challenge for global aquaculture. Here, using a model vertebrate host–parasite system, we investigated the impact of enrichment deprivation on susceptibility to disease, behaviour and physiology. Fish in barren tanks showed significantly higher infection burdens compared with those in enriched enclosures and they also displayed increased intraspecific aggression behaviour. Infections caused hosts to have significantly increased standard metabolic rates compared with uninfected conspecifics, but this did not differ between enriched and barren tanks. This study highlights the universal physiological cost of parasite infection and the biological cost (increased susceptibility to infection and increased aggression) of depriving captive animals of environmental enrichment.

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Haggerty, John S. "The sPHENIX Barrel Upgrade: Jet Physics and Beyond." Nuclear Physics A 904-905 (May 2013): 925c—928c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2013.02.166.

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Maxmen, Amy. "Clifton E. Barry, III: TB's strategic opponent." Journal of Experimental Medicine 206, no. 3 (March 16, 2009): 494–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.2063pi.

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Василевич, Дмитрий Владимирович, Вячеслав Вячеславович Лахвич, and Вячеслав Яковлевич Родак. "Influence of water pressure and abrasive materials nature on the duration of the high-pressure abrasive water jet cutting in building structures." Journal of Civil Protection 4, no. 4 (November 20, 2020): 397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.33408/2519-237x.2020.4-4.397.

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Purpose. Improving the efficiency of abrasive water jet cutting by choosing rational process parameters and abrasive material. Methods. Full-scale tests within the program of a full-factor experiment on cutting a high-pressure barrel into building structures, statistical data processing. Findings. Experimental data on the time of the high-pressure cutting barrel into building structures made of various materials have been obtained. Application field of research. The research results can be used by fire rescue units in emergency response.

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Lyså, Ida Marie. "Komparativ forskning på (barne)institusjoner – forskningsfokus og forståelser av barn og barndom." BARN - Forskning om barn og barndom i Norden 36, no. 2 (October 11, 2018): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/barn.v36i2.2781.

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I denne prøveforelesningen1vil jeg på ingen måte gi en fullstendig oversikt over foreliggende forskning på (barne)institusjoner, men heller vise til et mindre utvalg forskning på feltet fra skandinavisk/nordisk kontekst, for slik å åpne opp for diskusjon rundt vekselvirkninger mellom produksjon av kunnskap, forskningsfokus og forståelser av barn og barndom – og hvilke implikasjoner slike forståelser kan ha for komparativ forskning, spesielt i forskjellige kulturelle settinger. Prøveforelesningens tittel presenterer et stort tematisk felt, og jeg har derfor gjort noen avgrensninger: (barne)institusjoner tolkes her som institusjoner for barn, eksempelvis barnehage, skole, fritidsinstitusjoner, helserelaterte institusjoner mm. I denne presentasjonen er det naturlig å fokusere på barnehage, da dette har vært tema for min avhandling. Utvalgt forskning på barnehagen som institusjon, spesielt fra norsk og dansk kontekst, vil brukes som utgangspunkt for analysen, og bidrag fra andre kulturelle kontekster vil benyttes for å problematisere og eksemplifisere tematikken. Med samfunnsvitenskapelig forskning vil jeg spesielt trekke på nyere barndomssosiologi (childhood studies – et multi-/inter-disiplinært forskningsfelt sammensatt av blant annet sosiologi, antropologi og geografi) fra et antropologisk ståsted, i tillegg til litteratur fra et annet relativt nytt forskningsfelt – pedagogisk antropologi. Jeg vil bruke teoretiske innspill fra sosiologien og antropologen Pierre Bourdieu for å diskutere poeng i presentasjonen, og da spesielt hans fokus på vitenskapelig refleksivitet. Forskning oppstår ikke i et vakuum – vår vitenskapsteoretiske forståelse og tilnærming er tett sammenvevd med historisk tid, vår posisjonering som forsker og vitenskapsteoretiske retninger i de forskningsfelt vi er en del av. Refleksivitet må derfor strekke seg utover feltsituasjonen og utover den individuelle forsker. Jeg ønsker med dette å reflektere rundt noen «sannheter» og forståelser knyttet til tverrkulturell komparativ forskning på (barne)institusjoner som muligens tas for gitt.

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Howe, Christopher. "Book Reviews." Journal of Economic Literature 37, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.37.1.184.r26.

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The China Circle: Economics and Electronics in the PRC, Taiwan, and Hong Kong. Edited by Barry Naughton. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1997. Pp. x, 316. $49.95, cloth. ISBN 0–8157–5998–3, cloth; 0–8157–5999–1, pbk. JEL 98–0750

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Martin, P., J. R. Roy, L. Noreau, and K. Y. Lo. "The Shaping of the Optical Jet of the Galaxy NGC 4258." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 120 (1989): 359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s025292110002409x.

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SUMMARY.Hα + [NII] and red continuum CCD images as well as high resolution aperture synthesis CO maps were obtained in order to study the optical jet of the barred spiral galaxy NGC 4258. The CO observations show two clouds near the center of the galaxy; these clouds outline a channel and the Hα jet follows this channel. The observations are consistent with the jet being in or making a small angle with the galaxy plane. It is concluded that the interstellar medium may play an important role in making jets detectable optically and in shaping their forms.

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Bates, Robert. "A Review of Douglass C. North, John Joseph Wallis, and Barry R. Weingast's Violence and Social Orders: A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History." Journal of Economic Literature 48, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 752–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.48.3.752.

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In Violence and Social Orders: A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History, Douglass C. North, John Joseph Wallis, and Barry R. Weingast probe the organizational foundations of development. Outlining the properties of the “natural” and “open entry” societies, they highlight as well the conditions under which societies can move from one to the other, thereby achieving political order and economic prosperity.

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Yellen, Janet L. "Symposium on the Budget Deficit." Journal of Economic Perspectives 3, no. 2 (May 1, 1989): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.3.2.17.

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Is the ballooning federal budget deficit a serious economic problem? The papers in this symposium provide four perspectives on this issue. Robert Barro and Robert Eisner disagree sharply with the “majority” opinion concerning deficits. In contrast, Edward Gramlich and Douglas Bernheim are more sympathetic to the view that budget deficits lower national saving and thus contribute to a reduction in future living standards.

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Harrington, Fred H. "Caribou, military jets and noise: The interplay of behavioural ecology and evolutionary psychology." Rangifer 23, no. 5 (April 1, 2003): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.23.5.1683.

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Whether a human activity is likely to have a negative impact on a species depends largely on how stimuli from that activity are interpreted and acted upon by individuals, within the context of their behavioural ecology. The interpretations and decisions made by individuals in response to these stimuli are largely governed by neural systems evolved by the species as adaptations to common and recurrent selective pressures. In this paper I will review previous findings concerning the responses of caribou to overflights by military jet aircraft in Labrador/Quebec and Alaska, casting them in an evolutionary psychological framework. One prediction from such an exercise is that identical stimuli (noise from jet overflights) that elicit similar responses (short-distance avoidance) can have quite different population consequences for sedentary (woodland) and migratory (barren-ground) ecotypes. For a female woodland caribou, which shares her calving range with a resident predator population, an increase in movements following disturbance may significantly increase her calf's exposure to predators. Similar movements by a female barren-ground caribou, which has fewer predators to contend with, may have only a negligible impact on her calf's predation risk. Thus woodland caribou may be more vulnerable to negative impacts of military jet noise during calving periods, dependent on predator density.

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Beentjes, Ivan, Jay T. Bender, Adam J. Hawkins, and Jefferson W. Tester. "Chemical Dissolution Drilling of Barre Granite Using a Sodium Hydroxide Enhanced Supercritical Water Jet." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 53, no. 2 (August 2, 2019): 483–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-019-01912-7.

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Cochoy, Franck, and Aurélie Lachèze. "L’usage des codes-barres 2D comme self-marketing : travail du consommateur, ou curiosité en jeu ?" Sciences de la société, no. 82 (May 1, 2011): 59–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/sds.2038.

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Bhagat, Apurva, Harshal Gijare, and Nishanth Dongari. "Modeling of a reaction control jet interacting with high-speed cross-flow in slip flow regime." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 233, no. 13 (April 15, 2019): 5029–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410019836901.

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Numerical investigation of a sonic reaction control jet interacting with the high-speed cross-flow has been carried out over a generic missile body. Simulations are performed in the early-hypersonic slip flow regime for air, CO2, and helium jet gases. An open source computational fluid dynamics tool, OpenFOAM is used to model the steady state, three-dimensional compressible Navier–Stokes equations with k-ω shear stress transport turbulence model. The conventional computational fluid dynamics solver is extended with additional features, such as transport of species, nonequilibrium boundary conditions for velocity slip and temperature jump, and a heat load calculation utility based on the sliding friction effect. The extended solver is validated with the direct simulation Monte Carlo results for the case of a sonic argon jet injected into hypersonic nitrogen cross-flow. The extended solver is able to accurately capture all the qualitative flow features like separation shock, bow shock, and barrel shock, and it also improves heat load predictions in the slip flow regime. The main objective of the present work is to study the effect of rarefaction and change in jet gas species on the complex flow topology, heat load distribution, and spread of jet gas on the missile body. Heat load predictions are found to be strongly dependent on the slip velocity of molecules in addition to the temperature gradient near the wall. The strength of a bow shock and a barrel shock is higher for helium jet, compared to air and CO2 jets, which spread more along the missile body, and weaker shocks and reduced heat load is generated. The current work is significant from the perspective of the thermal design of spacecraft surfaces and positioning of the optical sensors.

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Liu, Sheng, Xuan Yu Sheng, and Yi Tong Shang. "Modification Design by Replacing Perforated Shells Barrel Based with 406 Steel Based on Finite Element Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3622–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3622.

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Steel 406 is a high strength steel, generally used for military equipment. Finite element analysis software was used to comparatively analysis perforating gun between the original structure and modified structure. AUTODYNE software was used to compare the speed, total energy and kinetic energy of the two jet structure. It was proved that the use of 406 steel instead of high-strength material, decreasing the thickness of 6.75mm, the structural strength meets the requirements, the stability of the structure to meets the requirements. Jet speed and kinetic energy increases，while total energy reduce little. The maximum speed increases 5.9%. After replacing material, the weight of the guns was reduced, jet penetration depth increased, so the revised design was better.

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Qiu, Ming, Peng Si, Jie Song, and Zhenqiang Liao. "Recoil Reduction Method of Gun with Side to Rear Jet Controlled by Piston Motion." Symmetry 13, no. 3 (February 28, 2021): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13030396.

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Excessive recoil severely restricts the loading of high-power traditional guns on modern vehicles. To reduce the recoil without breaking the continuous firing mode and reducing the projectile velocity, a recoil reduction method that controls the lateral ejecting of propellant gas by a piston was proposed. The recoil reduction device is symmetric about the barrel axis. First, a one-dimensional two-phase flow model of interior ballistic during the gun firing cycle was established. Next, the MacCormack scheme was used to simulate, and the piston motion was gained. Then the propagation of the rarefaction wave in the barrel was presented. Finally, the propulsion difference between the piston-controlled gun and the traditional gun was discussed. The results showed that the recoil momentum was reduced by 31.80%, and the muzzle velocity was decreased by just 1.30% under the reasonable matching of structural parameters.

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Hannon, John R., Lee R. Lynd, Onofre Andrade, Pahola Thathiana Benavides, Gregg T. Beckham, Mary J. Biddy, Nathan Brown, et al. "Technoeconomic and life-cycle analysis of single-step catalytic conversion of wet ethanol into fungible fuel blendstocks." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 23 (November 25, 2019): 12576–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1821684116.

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Technoeconomic and life-cycle analyses are presented for catalytic conversion of ethanol to fungible hydrocarbon fuel blendstocks, informed by advances in catalyst and process development. Whereas prior work toward this end focused on 3-step processes featuring dehydration, oligomerization, and hydrogenation, the consolidated alcohol dehydration and oligomerization (CADO) approach described here results in 1-step conversion of wet ethanol vapor (40 wt% in water) to hydrocarbons and water over a metal-modified zeolite catalyst. A development project increased liquid hydrocarbon yields from 36% of theoretical to >80%, reduced catalyst cost by an order of magnitude, scaled up the process by 300-fold, and reduced projected costs of ethanol conversion 12-fold. Current CADO products conform most closely to gasoline blendstocks, but can be blended with jet fuel at low levels today, and could potentially be blended at higher levels in the future. Operating plus annualized capital costs for conversion of wet ethanol to fungible blendstocks are estimated at $2.00/GJ for CADO today and $1.44/GJ in the future, similar to the unit energy cost of producing anhydrous ethanol from wet ethanol ($1.46/GJ). Including the cost of ethanol from either corn or future cellulosic biomass but not production incentives, projected minimum selling prices for fungible blendstocks produced via CADO are competitive with conventional jet fuel when oil is $100 per barrel but not at $60 per barrel. However, with existing production incentives, the projected minimum blendstock selling price is competitive with oil at $60 per barrel. Life-cycle greenhouse gas emission reductions for CADO-derived hydrocarbon blendstocks closely follow those for the ethanol feedstock.

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PARATE, Bhupesh Ambadas, Sunil CHANDEL, and Himanshu SHEKHAR. "Estimation of Recoil Energy of Water-Jet Disruptor." Problems of Mechatronics Armament Aviation Safety Engineering 11, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1991.

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Water is used as a liquid projectile in a disruptor for destruction of various dangerous objects such as improvised explosive devices (IED’s). This weapon is light weight and experiences certain recoil during a firing action. As there is motion between a projectile and a barrel, a recoil is experienced by the weapon. The recoil of weapon works on a conservation of momentum equation which is based on Newton’s second law of motion. A water-jet is created due to intense gas generation by a propellant burning inside the cartridge. The gas energy obtained by burning the propellant is responsible for pushing the projectile in a forward direction through the barrel. Due to gas generation by propellant burning, there is forward motion of the projectile. An attempt is made to determine the theoretical recoil velocity, its energy for the projectile in a water-jet application. The minimum and maximum recoil velocities of a water-jet varies from 2.311 m/s to 2.611 m/s. The order of magnitude for the recoil velocities is small and can be compared with a recoil of small calibre weapons that these weapons experienced during a firing mode. Based on recoil velocities, minimum and maximum kinetic energies of recoil parts are determined as 3.73 kJ and 4.77 kJ, respectively. The maximum gas force experienced by the projectile is worked out as 13.46 kN. The minimum and maximum energies to overcome the resistance force are determined as 14.657 J and 18.711 J, respectively. A small exercise for spring design is also covered.

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Shahani, Gitanjali. "Of "Barren Islands" and "Cursèd Gold": Worth, Value, and Womanhood in The Sea Voyage." Journal for Early Modern Cultural Studies 12, no. 3 (2012): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jem.2012.0034.

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Fuchs-Eisner, Laura. "« Mettre une fausse barbe au second degré » : La figure du jeune terroriste dans deux romans d’YB." ALTERNATIVE FRANCOPHONE 2, no. 1 (November 6, 2017): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/af29340.

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Le motif du terrorisme constitue le fil rouge à travers l’œuvre d’Y.B. C’est notamment la figure du jeune terroriste (franco-) algérien qui domine ses romans. Fortement teintés par la satire et l’humour noir, les textes d’Y.B. évitent pourtant la tentation du pathos en cherchant « la vraie contestation [qui] vient par la forme » (Y.B. 1998, 15). C’est l’exagération comique du discours de l’autre qui lui sert à le démasquer et à démontrer ces côtés grotesques. Après une brève vue d’ensemble du contexte socio-historique et de l’œuvre d’Y.B., l’article cherche à démontrer comment ses romans s’approchent de la figure du terroriste tout en constituant une réflexion sur la forme appropriée d’un tel projet. Pour démontrer comment les préoccupations politiques d’Y.B. l’amènent à une critique sévère des pouvoirs et comment son jeu satirique et son ton ironique créent la distance nécessaire à l’articulation des nuances, les romans ‘parisiens’ Allah Superstar (2003) et Bugsy Pinsky contre le complot juif (2010) seront analysés en plus de détail.

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Duggan, John, and César Martinelli. "The Political Economy of Dynamic Elections: Accountability, Commitment, and Responsiveness." Journal of Economic Literature 55, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 916–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20150927.

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We survey the literature on dynamic elections in the traditional settings of spatial preferences and rent seeking under perfect and imperfect monitoring of politicians. We define stationary electoral equilibrium, which encompasses notions used by Barro (1973), Ferejohn (1986), Banks and Sundaram (1998), and others. We show that repeated elections mitigate the commitment problems of politicians and voters, and that a responsive democracy result holds under general conditions. Term limits, however, attenuate the responsiveness finding. We also touch on related applied work, and we point to areas for fruitful future research, including the connection between dynamic models of politics and economics. ( JEL D72, D82, D83)

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Ohanian, Lee E. "The Great Recession in the Shadow of the Great Depression: A Review Essay on Hall of Mirrors: The Great Depression, the Great Recession, and the Uses and Misuses of History, by Barry Eichengreen." Journal of Economic Literature 55, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 1583–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20161344.

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This essay compares the Great Depression to the Great Recession in light of Barry Eichengreen's new book Hall of Mirrors. Eichengreen discusses these two episodes from a historical, Keynesian perspective, and concludes that policies that increase aggregate demand, such as larger fiscal deficits, would have promoted a much stronger and faster recovery from the Great Recession. I review these episodes from a neoclassical approach, which provides a very different perspective on why recoveries from these episodes were so slow and incomplete. I also argue that supply-side policies, rather than demand-side policies, are more likely to restore prosperity today. (JEL E32, E52, E62, F44, G01, N12, N22)

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Guichon, Jean-Michel, Edith Clavel, James Roudet, and Vincent Mazauric. "Modélisation de jeux de barres basse tension en vue de la conception." Revue internationale de génie électrique 6, no. 5-6 (December 30, 2003): 731–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rige.6.731-769.

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Sun, Mingbo, Yuan Liu, and Zhiwei Hu. "Turbulence decay in a supersonic boundary layer subjected to a transverse sonic jet." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 867 (March 21, 2019): 216–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.158.

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The turbulence state in a supersonic boundary layer subjected to a transverse sonic jet is studied by conducting direct numerical simulations. Turbulence statistics for two jet-to-cross-flow momentum flux ratios $(J)$ of 2.3 and 5.5 based on the previous simulation (Sun & Hu, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 850, 2018, pp. 551–583) are given and compared with a flat-plate boundary layer without a jet $(J=0.0)$. The instantaneous and time-averaged flow features around the transverse jet in the supersonic boundary layer are analysed. It is found that, in the near-wall region, turbulence is suppressed significantly with increasing $J$ in the lateral boundary layer around the jet and the turbulence decay is retained in the downstream recovery region. The local boundary-layer thickness decreases noticeably in the lateral downstream of the jet. Analysis of the cross-flow streamlines reveals a double-expansion character in the vicinity of the jet, which involves the reattachment expansion related to the flow over the jet windward separation bubble and the jet lateral expansion related to the flow around the jet barrel shock. The double expansion leads to the turbulence decay in the jet lateral boundary layer and causes a slow recovery of the outer layer in the far-field boundary layer. A preliminary experiment based on the nanoparticle laser scattering technique is conducted and confirms the existence of the turbulence decay phenomenon.

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HALLER, MERRICK C., and R. A. DALRYMPLE. "Rip current instabilities." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 433 (April 25, 2001): 161–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112000003414.

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A laboratory experiment involving rip currents generated on a barred beach with periodic rip channels indicates that rip currents contain energetic low-frequency oscillations in the presence of steady wave forcing. An analytic model for the time-averaged flow in a rip current is presented and its linear stability characteristics are investigated to evaluate whether the rip current oscillations can be explained by a jet instability mechanism. The instability model considers spatially growing disturbances in an offshore directed, shallow water jet. The effects of variable cross-shore bathymetry, non-parallel flow, turbulent mixing, and bottom friction are included in the model. Model results show that rip currents are highly unstable and the linear stability model can predict the scales of the observed unsteady motions.

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Martinez Viedma, Maria, and Brett Pickett. "Characterizing the Different Effects of Zika Virus Infection in Placenta and Microglia Cells." Viruses 10, no. 11 (November 18, 2018): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10110649.

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Zika virus (ZIKV) is a neuropathic virus that causes serious neurological abnormalities such as Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults and congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) in fetuses, which makes it an important concern for global human health. A catalogue of cells that support ZIKV replication, pathogenesis, and/or the persistence of the virus still remains unknown. Here, we studied the behavior of the virus in human placenta (JEG-3) and human microglia (HMC3) cell lines in order to better understand how different host tissues respond during infection. We quantified the host transcriptional response to ZIKV infection in both types of cells at 24 and 72 h post-infection. A panel of 84 genes that are involved in the innate or adaptive immune responses was used to quantify differential expression in both cell lines. HMC3 cells showed a unique set of significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared with JEG-3 cells at both time points. Subsequent analysis of these data using modern pathway analysis methods revealed that the TLR7/8 pathway was strongly inhibited in HMC3 cells, while it was activated in JEG-3 cells during virus infection. The disruption of these pathways was subsequently confirmed with specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) experiments that characterize their role in the viral life cycle, and may partially explain why ZIKV infection in placental tissue contributes to extreme neurological problems in a developing fetus.

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MATÉ, B., I. A. GRAUR, T. ELIZAROVA, I. CHIROKOV, G. TEJEDA, J. M. FERNÁNDEZ, and S. MONTERO. "Experimental and numerical investigation of an axisymmetric supersonic jet." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 426 (January 10, 2001): 177–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112000002329.

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A comprehensive study of a steady axisymmetric supersonic jet of CO2, including experiment, theory, and numerical calculation, is presented. The experimental part, based on high-sensitivity Raman spectroscopy mapping, provides absolute density and rotational temperature maps covering the significant regions of the jet: the zone of silence, barrel shock, Mach disk, and subsonic region beyond the Mach disk. The interpretation is based on the quasi-gasdynamic (QGD) system of equations, and its generalization (QGDR) considering the translational–rotational breakdown of thermal equilibrium. QGD and QGDR systems of equations are solved numerically in terms of a finite-difference algorithm with the steady state attained as the limit of a time-evolving process. Numerical results show a good global agreement with experiment, and provide information on those quantities not measured in the experiment, like velocity field, Mach numbers, and pressures. According to the calculation the subsonic part of the jet, downstream of the Mach disk, encloses a low-velocity recirculation vortex ring.

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Beketaeva, Asel, Amr H. Abdalla, and Yekaterina Moisseyeva. "Investigation of Vortex Structures for Supersonic Jet Interaction Flowfield." Applied Mechanics and Materials 798 (October 2015): 546–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.798.546.

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The three-dimensional supersonic turbulent flow in presence of symmetric transverse injection of round jet is simulated numerically. The simulation is based on the Favre-averaged Navier-Stokes equations coupled with Wilcox’s turbulence model. The numerical solution is performed using ENO scheme and is validated with the experimental data that include the pressure distribution on the wall in front of the jet in the plane symmetry. The numerical simulation is used to investigate in detail the flow physics for a range of the pressure ratio . The well-known primary shock formations are observed (a barrel shock, a bow shock, and the system of λ-shock waves), and the vortices are identified (horseshoe vortex, an upper vortex, two trailing vortices formed in the separation region and aft of the bow shock wave, two trailing vortices that merge together into one single rotational motion). During the experiment the presence of the new vortices near the wall behind the jet for the pressure ratio is revealed.

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Witherden, Deborah, Nicolai van Oers, Caroline Waltzinger, Arthur Weiss, Christophe Benoist, and Diane Mathis. "Tetracycline-controllable Selection of CD4+ T Cells: Half-Life and Survival Signals in the Absence of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Molecules." Journal of Experimental Medicine 191, no. 2 (January 17, 2000): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.191.2.355.

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A system that allows the study, in a gentle fashion, of the role of MHC molecules in naive T cell survival is described. Major histocompatibility complex class II–deficient mice were engineered to express Eα chains only in thymic epithelial cells in a tetracycline (tet)-controllable manner. This resulted in tet-responsive display of cell surface E complexes, positive selection of CD4+8– thymocytes, and generation of a CD4+ T cell compartment in a class II–barren periphery. Using this system, we have addressed two unresolved issues: the half-life of naive CD4+ T cells in the absence of class II molecules (3–4 wk) and the early signaling events associated with class II molecule engagement by naive CD4+ T cells (partial CD3 ζ chain phosphorylation and ZAP-70 association).

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Chai, Xiaochuan, Prahladh S. Iyer, and Krishnan Mahesh. "Numerical study of high speed jets in crossflow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 785 (November 13, 2015): 152–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.612.

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Large-eddy simulation (LES) and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) are used to study an underexpanded sonic jet injected into a supersonic crossflow and an overexpanded supersonic jet injected into a subsonic crossflow, where the flow conditions are based on the experiments of Santiago & Dutton (J. Propul. Power, vol. 13 (2), 1997, pp. 264–273) and Beresh et al. (AIAA J., vol. 43, 2005a, pp. 379–389), respectively. The simulations successfully reproduce experimentally observed shock systems and vortical structures. The time averaged flow fields are compared to the experimental results, and good agreement is observed. The behaviour of the flow is discussed, and the similarities and differences between the two regimes are studied. The trajectory of the transverse jet is investigated. A modification to Schetz et al.’s theory is proposed (Schetz & Billig, J. Spacecr. Rockets, vol. 3, 1996, pp. 1658–1665), which yields good prediction of the jet trajectories in the current simulations in the near field. Point spectra taken at various locations in the flowfield indicate a global oscillation for the sonic jet flow, wherein different regions in the flow oscillate with a frequency of $St=fD/u_{\infty }=0.3$. For supersonic jet flow, no such global frequency is observed. Dynamic mode decomposition of the three-dimensional pressure field obtained from LES is performed and shows the same behaviour. The DMD results indicate that the $St=0.3$ mode is dominant between the upstream barrel shock and the bow shock for the sonic jet, while the roll up of the upstream shear layer is dominant for the supersonic jet.

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Спесивцев, Виктор Васильевич, and Людмила Евгеньевна Сердюкова. "ВОЗБУЖДЕНИЕ ГАРМОНИЧЕСКИХ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫХ ВОЛН В ТВЕРДОМ ОБРАЗЦЕ МАТЕРИАЛА ПРИ КОНВЕКТИВНОМ НАГРЕВЕ." Aerospace technic and technology, no. 2 (April 22, 2019): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2019.2.04.

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The article discusses the method and means of exciting harmonic temperature waves in a solid sample material during convective heating, it is typical for the working conditions of heat-stressed assemblies and parts in power plants systems. A supersonic jet of combustion products is used as a heat transfer agent. The scheme of power supply feed and control of the mode of operation of the gas generator is considered, which makes it possible to reliably regulate the modes of its operation and to obtain stable values of the heat transfer agent temperature. For determining the temperature of the heat transfer agent, the method of accounting for losses in the combustion chamber with using pulse coefficients is considered. To create a variable thermal effect, the property of the supersonic (barrel) section was used, consisting of the substantial non-uniformity of the distribution of gas-dynamic parameters along its length. The movement of the sample relative to the jet must be carried out at a variable speed. For determining this pattern, we analyzed the coordinates of the shock-wave structure in order to transform its linear coordinates into phase ones. The property of the logarithmic spiral is used. It is established that the growth coefficient of the logarithmic spiral for the first barrels from the nozzle exit varies slightly. The scheme of the device for the excitation of the temperature wave in the sample. The sample is placed on the worktable, which reciprocates relative to the jet (the section of the first half of the second barrel is used). The worktable drive carried out by a cam rotating at a constant speed. The cam profile is carried out along sections of the spiral branches (right and left), in this case, the pressure of the gas jet on the working surface changes according to a harmonic law. The heat transfer coefficient is proportional to the pressure. To determine the thermophysical characteristics of the material in the experiment, it is sufficient to measure the phase shift between the temperature oscillations of the second surface in the sample and the heat flow oscillations (gas pressure on the obstacle). The accuracy of such measurements is higher than when measuring parameters with continuous heating of the sample

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Cyr, Don, Lester Kwong, and Ling Sun. "An Examination of Tail Dependence in Bordeaux Futures Prices and Parker Ratings." Journal of Wine Economics 12, no. 3 (August 2017): 252–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jwe.2017.18.

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AbstractThis paper explores the nonlinearities of the bivariate distribution of Bordeaux en primeur, or wine futures, prices and Parker “barrel ratings” for the period of 2004 through 2010. In particular, copula-function methodology is introduced and employed to examine the nature of the bivariate distribution. Our results show a significant nonlinear relationship between Parker ratings and wine prices, characterized by significant positive tail dependence and higher correlation between high ratings and high prices. Marginal distributions for Parker ratings and wine prices are then identified and Monte Carlo simulation is employed to operationalize the relationship for risk-management purposes. (JEL Classifications: C19, G13, L66)

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Battaglini, Marco, and Stephen Coate. "Inefficiency in Legislative Policymaking: A Dynamic Analysis." American Economic Review 97, no. 1 (February 1, 2007): 118–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.97.1.118.

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This paper develops an infinite horizon model of public spending and taxation in which policy decisions are determined by legislative bargaining. The policy space incorporates both productive and distributive public spending and distortionary taxation. The productive spending is investing in a public good that benefits all citizens (e.g., national defense) and the distributive spending is district-specific transfers (e.g., pork-barrel spending). Investment in the public good creates a dynamic linkage across policymaking periods. The analysis explores the dynamics of legislative policy choices, focusing on the efficiency of the steady-state level of taxation and allocation of spending. (JEL D72, E62, H20, H50)

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Niyazov, N., N. Dzhamankizov, A. Asanov, and Yu Ismanov. "Fundamentals of the Theory of Power Pulse Device." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/67/16.

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The article discusses a mathematical model of a power impulse device, which allows you to select the characteristics of the ejected liquid jet, such as the velocity at the moment of ejection, the pressure created in the nozzle of the power impulse device, etc., by changing the parameters of the device. A feature of the proposed mathematical model, which significantly distinguishes it from the previously considered models, is that the model was considered for the case of unsteady motion. This state of the medium in a power impulse device is the most characteristic, therefore the results obtained are more general. It is shown that, in contrast to the steady motion of a liquid, in the case of unsteady motion, an additional term appears, which can be defined as a head having an inertial character. It can be seen from the proposed mathematical model that the presence of an inertial head leads to the appearance of a flow deceleration effect, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the total liquid head in the direction of the flow. The pressure generated in the barrel acts against the direction of the hydraulic resistance. All of the above is applicable only for a certain moment in time or for the case when the acceleration of the fluid is constant. If the acceleration changes, then the action of the heads along the fluid flow is a function of time. This circumstance makes it possible to apply the result obtained with unsteady motion to create devices that form a high-pressure jet. A distinctive feature of the considered model is that it analyzes the behavior of the fluid in the power impulse device for two cases: 1. the volume of fluid in the barrel of the power impulse unit is greater than the volume of the nozzle; 2. the volume of fluid in the barrel is less than or equal to the volume of the nozzle. The results of the analysis showed that in the first case, the initial velocity of liquid ejection significantly exceeds this velocity in the second case. That is, it is the first case that is of practical importance.

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LUNDSTRÖM, PATRIK, and JOHAN ÖINERT. "SKEW CATEGORY ALGEBRAS ASSOCIATED WITH PARTIALLY DEFINED DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS." International Journal of Mathematics 23, no. 04 (April 2012): 1250040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x12500401.

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We introduce partially defined dynamical systems defined on a topological space. To each such system we associate a functor s from a category G to Topop and show that it defines what we call a skew category algebra A ⋊σ G. We study the connection between topological freeness of s and, on the one hand, ideal properties of A ⋊σ G and, on the other hand, maximal commutativity of A in A ⋊σ G. In particular, we show that if G is a groupoid and for each e ∈ ob (G) the group of all morphisms e → e is countable and the topological space s(e) is Tychonoff and Baire. Then the following assertions are equivalent: (i) s is topologically free; (ii) A has the ideal intersection property, i.e. if I is a nonzero ideal of A ⋊σ G, then I ∩ A ≠ {0}; (iii) the ring A is a maximal abelian complex subalgebra of A ⋊σ G. Thereby, we generalize a result by Svensson, Silvestrov and de Jeu from the additive group of integers to a large class of groupoids.

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Omel’chenko, A. V., V. N. Uskov, and M. V. Chernyshev. "An approximate analytical model of flow in the first barrel of an overexpanded jet." Technical Physics Letters 29, no. 3 (March 2003): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1565647.

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Knittel, Christopher R., and Robert S. Pindyck. "The Simple Economics of Commodity Price Speculation." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20140033.

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The price of crude oil never exceeded $40 per barrel until mid-2004. By July 2008 it peaked at $145 and by late 2008 it fell to $30 before increasing to $110 in 2011. Are speculators partly to blame for these price changes? Using a simple model of supply and demand in the cash and storage markets, we determine whether speculation is consistent with data on production, inventory changes, and convenience yields. We focus on crude oil, but our approach can be applied to other commodities. We show speculation had little, if any, effect on oil prices. (JEL G13, G18, G23, G31, Q35, Q38)

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Lizzeri, Alessandro, and Nicola Persico. "The Provision of Public Goods Under Alternative Electoral Incentives." American Economic Review 91, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.91.1.225.

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Politicians who care about the spoils of office may underprovide a public good because its benefits cannot be targeted to voters as easily as pork-barrel spending. We compare a winner-take-all system—where all the spoils go to the winner—to a proportional system—where the spoils of office are split among candidates proportionally to their share of the vote. In a winner-take-all system the public good is provided less often than in a proportional system when the public good is particularly desirable. We then consider the electoral college system and show that it is particularly subject to this inefficiency. (JEL D82, L15)

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Battaglini, Marco, and Stephen Coate. "A Dynamic Theory of Public Spending, Taxation, and Debt." American Economic Review 98, no. 1 (February 1, 2008): 201–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.1.201.

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This paper presents a political economy theory of fiscal policy. Policy choices are made by a legislature that can raise revenues via an income tax and by borrowing. Revenues can be used to finance a public good, whose value is stochastic, and pork-barrel spending. Policymaking cycles between a “business- as-usual” regime in which legislators bargain over pork, and a “responsible policymaking” regime in which policies maximize the collective good. Transitions between regimes are brought about by shocks in the value of the public good. Equilibrium tax rates are too high, public good provision is too low, and debt levels are too high. (JEL D72, E62, H20, H50, H60)

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Ranjan, Abhash, Mrinal Kaushik, Dipankar Deb, Vlad Muresan, and Mihaela Unguresan. "Assessment of Short Rectangular-Tab Actuation of Supersonic Jet Mixing." Actuators 9, no. 3 (August 21, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act9030072.

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This work explores the extent of jet mixing for a supersonic jet coming out of a Mach 1.8 convergent-divergent nozzle, controlled with two short rectangular vortex-generating actuators located diametrically opposite to each other with an emphasis on numerical methodology. The blockage ratio offered by the tabs is around 0.05. The numerical investigations were carried out by using a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package and all the simulations were performed by employing steady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations and shear-stress transport k−ω turbulence model on a three-dimensional computational space for more accuracy. The numerical calculations are administered at nozzle pressure ratios (NPRs) of 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, covering the overexpanded, the correctly expanded and the underexpanded conditions. The centerline pressure decay and the pressure profiles are plotted for both uncontrolled and the controlled jets. Numerical schlieren images are used to capture the barrel shock, the expansion fans and the Mach waves present in the flow field. Mach contours are also delineated at varying NPRs indicating the number of shock cells, their length and the variation of the shock cell structure and strength, to substantiate the prominent findings. The outcomes of this research are observed to be in sensible concurrence with the demonstrated exploratory findings. A reduction in the jet core length of 75% is attained with small vortex-generating actuators, compared to an uncontrolled jet, corresponding to nozzle pressure ratio 5. It was also seen that the controlled jet gets bifurcated downstream of the nozzle exit at a distance of about 5 D, where D is the nozzle exit diameter. Furthermore, it was fascinating to observe that the jet spread increases downstream of the nozzle exit for the controlled jet, as compared to the uncontrolled jet at any given NPR.

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Armstrong, Imomotimi. "Of Barrenness and Witchcraft: The Songs of the Legi Women’s Association." Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jef-2021-0004.

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Abstract Witchcraft and barrenness are two critical issues that African women have had to grapple with since precolonial times. Therefore, the focus of attention in this paper is the songs of the Legi voluntary association among the Ịjọ of Nigeria’s oil-rich Niger Delta region. The Legi women’s group is made up of adult women who are barren and/or have been tagged witches by their community. The women of the association compose songs about their experiences in society and sing them at burials. For the women of the Legi Association, art is a means of showing support for or solidarity with a member of the group whose father or mother has died. Moreover, the members of the association perform their songs at burials that are unconnected with them to celebrate with those who invite them.

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Roberts, S. J., M. S. Lowery, and G. N. Somero. "Regulation of binding of phosphofructokinase to myofibrils in the red and white muscle of the barred sand bass, Paralabrax nebulifer (Serranidae)." Journal of Experimental Biology 137, no. 1 (July 1, 1988): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.137.1.13.

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The binding of phosphofructokinase (PFK) to myofibrils from the white muscle of the fish Paralabrax nebulifer (Girard, 1854) is sensitive to factors known to be allosteric regulators of PFK activity. PFK in Triton-X-100-extracted muscle remains bound to myofibrils at pH 7.0 and is fully solubilized by increasing the pH to 8.0. The curve describing the pH-dependence of PFK binding to myofibrils is similar in its steepness to pH versus activity curves of PFK at low temperature. Nucleotides are also potent modulators, preventing the association of PFK with myofibrils at concentrations between 20 and 60 mumol l-1 of ATP, ADP, MgATP or GTP, listed in order of effectiveness. PFKs in the red and white muscle extracts differ in their pH-dependence of binding to myofibrils, and their kinetic and regulatory properties (response to citrate, pH and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate). Reversible binding of PFK to myofibrils may be important in the control of glycolysis, especially in the highly glycolytic white muscle fibres.

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Бекетаева, А. О., P. Bruel, and А. Ж. Найманова. "Детально-сравнительный анализ взаимодействия сверхзвукового потока с поперечной газовой струей при больших параметрах нерасчетности." Журнал технической физики 89, no. 10 (2019): 1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2019.10.48166.12-19.

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The interaction of the spatial supersonic turbulent gas flow with a sound jet injected perpendicularly was widely studied both numerically and experimentally. However, there are only a few studies of the detail analysis of the formation and distribution of vortex structures from moderate till high pressure ratio (the ratio of pressure in the jet to pressure in the main flow).The aim of this paper is the study and identify the system of the vortex forming behind the injected sound jet in a transverse supersonic flow from the point of view of the mixing efficiency. For that the three-dimensional Favre-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, coupled with the turbulence model are solved numerically on the basis of the third-order ENO scheme. The three-dimensional Favre-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, coupled with the turbulence model are solved numerically on the basis of the third-order ENO scheme. The presence of well known vortex structures are shown: two oppositely rotating vortices in front of the jet; horseshoe vortex; two pairs of the vortex in the mixing zone of the jet and the main flow, where one of them is located in the wake behind the jet and other in the lateral line of the jet. Also, the pressure ratio parameters are determined at which the additional pairs of vortices appear. Where, the first of them is formed on the edge of the Mach disk as a result of the interaction of the decelerated jet flow behind the Mach disk with the high-speed ascending flow behind the barrel. And, the second is due to the interaction of the ascending jet flow with the main gas flow. As a result of comparative analysis the criterion of the pressure ratio parameters are found under which a clear picture of additional horn vortices is observed near the wall in the region behind the jet. The graph of the dependence of the angle of inclination of the bow shock wave on the parameter of pressure ratio is obtained. Satisfactory agreement of the pressure distribution on the wall in front of the jet in the symmetry plane with experimental data is established.

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Lado-Pazos, Vanesa. "“Finished with All That”: The Death of the Southern Lady and the Emergence of the New Woman in Ellen Glasgow’s Fiction." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio FF – Philologiae 38, no. 2 (December 29, 2020): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/ff.2020.38.2.81-92.

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Na przestrzeni lat Ellen Glasgow uczyniła z życia kobiet temat wielu powieści. Przyjmując perspektywę gender studies, w artykule zaproponowano porównanie różnych modeli kobiecości na przykładzie głównych bohaterek trzech powieści z trzech epok: The Battle-Ground (1902), Virginia (1913) i Barren Ground (1925). Opracowanie przedstawia ewolucję kreacji kobiecych od konserwatywnego modelu kobiety z Południa do postępowego modelu nowej kobiety. Interakcja tych bohaterek z różnymi patriarchalnymi instytucjami, a także jej wynik, potwierdza wyższość modelu nowej kobiety nad modelemkobiety z Południa i przedstawia przejście Glasgow pod względem gatunkowym od powieści sentymentalnej do realistycznej.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Jeu de barre'

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