Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Język polski'
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Pawłowicz, Eleonora. "A comparative corpus analysis of english and polish equestrian specilized vocabulary concerning dressage and horse training." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5513.
Full textSojda, Sylwia. "Procesy uniwerbizacyjne w języku słowackim i polskim." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5068.
Full textWartini, Mirella. "Aspekt z określnikami krotności ograniczonej w języku rosyjskim i polskim (na materiale form czasu przeszłego)." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5202.
Full textMalinowski, Maciej. "Ortografia polska od II połowy XVIII wieku do współczesności : kodyfikacja, reformy, recepcja." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5290.
Full textBębeniec, Daria, and Daria Bębeniec. "Directional prepositions in Polish and English : towards a cognitive account." Rozprawa doktorska, UMCS, 2010. http://bc.umcs.pl/dlibra/publication/edition/5345/content.
Full textIwańska, Anna. "Redemittel zur Verbalisierung statistischer Ubersichtsformen im Polnischen und Deutschen." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5147.
Full textKarolak, Magdalena. "Studium porównawcze ekwiwalencji polskiego czasu przeszłego czasowników o aspekcie niedokonanym i czasów przeszłych w języku francuskim." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5247.
Full textPycia, Paulina. "Płeć w języku : na materiale współczesnego języka chorwackiego i polskiego." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5069.
Full textWilk, Gabriela. "Semantika truda v russko-pol'skom âzykovom sopostavlenii." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5387.
Full textBiały, Paulina. "Polish and english diminutives in literary translation : pragmatic and cross-cultural perspectives = Polskie i angielskie zdrobnienia w przekładzie literackim : perspektywa pragmatyczna i międzykulturowa." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/8626.
Full textZiembińska, Anna. "Parametryczne przymiotniki wymiaru w historii języka polskiego : analiza rozwoju semantycznego." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5920.
Full textIwańska-Siwek, Marta. "Wartościowanie alternatywnych form rodziny we współczesnej polszczyźnie." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/15065.
Full textHrabia, Michał. "L'itérativité dans la traduction automatique : analyse orientée objets des verbes de mouvement français traduits en polonais par jechać/jeździć : (sur la base des formes du présent)." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5605.
Full textWrona, Beata. "Język i styl młodego pokolenia w kontekście przemian kulturowych (na przykładzie dyskursu na forach internetowych)." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5479.
Full textSzymańska, Monika. "Regionalizmy językowe w świadomości użytkowników języka polskiego." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5300.
Full textKuraś, Sylwia. "Szkoła otwarta na dialog kultur : przykład twórczości Isaaca Bashevisa Singera na lekcjach języka polskiego." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5193.
Full textDarda-Gramatyka, Joanna. "Zdania stanowe z podmiotem lokatywnym w języku rosyjskim i polskim." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/4944.
Full textMachnik, Agnieszka. "Teksty Jana Pawła II : problematyka - recepcja - obecność w polonistycznym kanonie lektur szkolnych." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5254.
Full textBełza, Anna. "A questionnaire-based comparative study of Irish English and Polish speech act of requesting." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5206.
Full textAkopova-Krzaczyńska, Karina. "Obraz rodziny w gruzińskich i polskich podręcznikach do nauki języka ojczystego : studium porównawcze." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/16127.
Full textFlorea-Hygen, Mihaela-Claudia. "Obraz wartości w języku polskim : (na przykładzie podręczników do nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego)." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5317.
Full textHnatik, Katarzyna. "Exklamativsätze im Deutschen und Polnischen." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5165.
Full textJóźwiak-Dądela, Aleksandra. "O tłumaczeniu polskich związków frazeologicznych na język niemiecki na przykładzie wybranych tekstów publicystycznych." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5066.
Full textBerndt, Sergei. "O kategoriach żywotności w języku polskim." Universität Potsdam, 2003. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/2774/.
Full textBartkowiak, Paulina. "Język polonijny w Szwecji : Przeskok kodowy w rozmowach na temat pracy." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för slaviska och baltiska språk, finska, nederländska och tyska, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-117523.
Full textPisarska, Justyna. "Polskie i anglosaskie przekłady "Bohatera naszych czasów" Michaiła Lermontowa." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5566.
Full textFiedler, Adrian. "Liczebniki w języku polskim i chorwackim (i serbskim) pod względem kategorii żywotności." Universität Potsdam, 2003. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/2776/.
Full textŠilinska, Lilija. "Nazwy żeńskie w języku polskim a litewskim – tradycja, norma i najnowsze tendencje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140724_100455-82960.
Full textŠis magistro darbas yra skirtas aptarti lyčių klausimą kalboje ir kultūroje, kuris bus parodytas iš dviejų kaimyninių kultūrų perspektyvos - lenkų ir lietuvių. Darbo tikslas yra parodyti kalbinius moteriškosios lyties išraiškos būdus, atsižvelgiant į lenkų ir lietuvių kalbų leksiką ir žodžių darybą. Normos ir kalbos tradicijos susijusios su moteriškais vardais šiame darbe buvo atkurtos remiantis normatyviniais leidiniais ir lenkų kalbos lingvistiniais darbais. Tačiau naujausios tendencijos iliustruojamos pavyzdžiais iš šiuolaikinės spaudos tekstų. Medžiaga skirta kalbų analizei buvo gauta naudojant žodynų ir selektyvų ištraukų metodą. Remiausi lingvistiniais duomenimis, esančiais žodynuose, o taip pat tekstais iš 2000-2014 m. lenkiškų periodinių žurnalų "Polityka" ir "Viva!" ir lietuviškų "Veidas" ir "Žmonės". Darbą sudaro keturi skyriai. Teoriniame skyriuje buvo aptartos svarbiausios kognityvinės teorijos, kalbos pasaulėvaizdžio sąvoka, o taip pat problematika susijusi su lyties lingvistikos (gender linguistics) koncepciją. Antrajame skyriuje yra rekonstruojamas moters įvaizdis lenkų ir lietuvių kalbose remiantis stilistinių sinonimų, priklausančių semantiniams laukams kobieta ir moteris, analize. Kitame skyriuje nagrinėjami moteriškosios giminės atitikmenys, pateikti keliose semantinėse grupėse (mokslo laipsnių, pareigybių, profesijų pavadinimai ir apibūdinantieji pavadinimai). Jame aptariami jų darybos būdai, išvardintos priežastys, dėl kurių yra blokuojama... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
This master's degree work (Women`s names in Polish and Lithuanian languages is tradicion, norm and newest tendencies) is dedicated to the question of sex in a language and culture, that will be shown from the perspective of two nearby cultures - Polish and Lithuanian. The aim of the work is to show linguistic methods of expression of women`s sex on a lexical and word-formation base in Polish and Lithuanian languages. A standart as well as language customs in the sphere of the women`s names were investigated on the basical searching of normative and also personal investigations especially in Polish linguistic works. The newest tendencies towards this work were illustrated by examples from modern media ( texts). All material of the language analysis was managed to get by using lexicographic dictionaries and also using a method of selection texts in different Polish and Lithuanian magazines and newspapers. All this material was written with the help of language dictionaries and original sources of "Politician" and "Viva!”, and using also Lithuanian "Veidas" and "Žmonės" magazines from 2000-2014. The work consists of four sections. The major grounds of theory of cognitivist were discussed in a theoretical part as well as the concept of language understanding of the world also range of problems, that are contained in the sphere of sex linguistics (gender of linquistics). In the second section the image of women is reconstructed in the Polish and Lithuanian languages on the basis... [to full text]
Stanojoski, Igor. "Problem interferencji w nauczaniu języka macedońskiego w Polsce i na Ukrainie." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5237.
Full textLakomy, Lilianna. "Komunikacja perswazyjna w języku polityki na przykładzie polskich kampanii prezydenckich." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5114.
Full textPIECZKA, ANNA MARIA. "Wymiana wirtualna w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego na poziomie A1 – polsko-włoskie studium przypadku Virtual exchange in teaching Polish as a foreign language at A1 level – a Polish-Italian case study." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1067243.
Full textLo scambio virtuale nell’insegnamento del polacco come lingua straniera al livello A1: studio di caso polacco-italiano Nel mondo globalizzato di oggi è necessario insegnare non solo abilità di base come lettura, scrittura, calcolo, abilità tecniche e abilità linguistiche, ma anche abilità più complesse, come imprenditorialità, pensiero critico, competenze interculturali e civiche, problem solving e capacità di apprendimento nonché competenze digitali. Una delle competenze chiave nell’istruzione del XXI secolo è invariabilmente la capacità di utilizzare le lingue straniere, che, come ogni campo dell’istruzione, dovrebbe rispondere alle esigenze attuali dei giovani. Poiché i contatti tra di loro avvengono non solo direttamente, ma spesso anche tramite Internet, anche la loro formazione dovrebbe tenere conto di questo fattore. Gli scambi virtuali, denominati anche telecooperazione, scambio interculturale online, e-tandem o teletandem, sono una delle forme di insegnamento delle lingue straniere assistite da computer (CALL), che sembra essere adeguata alle esigenze degli studenti nel XXI secolo. Gli scambi virtuali sono definiti come una forma di educazione che prevede il coinvolgimento di gruppi di studenti nell’interazione e cooperazione interculturale online con partner provenienti da diversi contesti culturali o aree geografiche, sotto la guida di insegnanti e/o facilitatori appositamente preparati. La ricerca condotta negli ultimi decenni conferma i numerosi vantaggi della partecipazione a tali progetti. Questi includono, tra l’altro, un aumento delle competenze interculturali e linguistiche, lo sviluppo delle competenze digitali, un aumento delle capacità di lavorare in gruppo e un impatto positivo sull’autonomia degli studenti. La maggior parte dei partecipanti ai progetti di telecollaborazione descritti nella letteratura scientifica è costituita da studenti di livello di competenza linguistica avanzato o intermedio mentre le lingue utilizzate appartengono a quelle tra le più insegnate in Europa, principalmente inglese, spesso tedesco, spagnolo e francese, e non di rado anche italiano. Ci sono poche ricerche sull’uso degli scambi virtuali nell’insegnamento delle lingue meno insegnate e l’unico esempio di telecooperazione in cui gli studenti hanno usato una lingua slava a livello principiante sono i progetti guidati dallalinguista russa Liudmila Klimanova. Questa tesi di dottorato è un tentativo di continuare le indagini della suddetta studiosa e volte a colmare il vuoto nella letteratura scientifica riguardante la ricerca sulla telecooperazione nello studio di una lingua raramente insegnata, in questo caso il polacco, a livello principiante. L’autrice mira a presentare gli scambi virtuali come una forma moderna di apprendimento che soddisfa le esigenze dell’istruzione odierna, nonché ad illustrare dettagliatamente la loro applicazione nell’insegnamento del polacco come lingua straniera a livello principiante. Gli obiettivi di ricerca della tesi di dottorato comprendono l’analisi dei mezzi lessicali utilizzati dagli studenti durante il progetto, al fine di determinare quali teorie dell’apprendimento/acquisizione linguistica sono applicabili nel processo didattico condotto tramite gli scambi virtuali. Un altro obiettivo scientifico, realizzato attraverso l’analisi del contenuto culturale fornito dai partner del progetto, è determinare in che misura le proposte di programma nel campo dell’insegnamento della cultura nell’insegnamento del polacco come lingua straniera sono adeguate per l’apprendimento nell’ambiente online. Invece l’obiettivo della tesi di carattere didattico è quello di sviluppare un programma di telecooperazione, adeguato per i principianti che imparano il polacco come lingua straniera. La base per la ricerca qui presentata è costituita da tre progetti di telecomunicazione italo-polacca, realizzati successivamente negli anni 2018/2019, 2019/2020 e 2020/2021 tra studenti della lingua polacca all’Università di Torino e studenti della lingua italiana all’Università Maria Curie-Skłodowska di Lublino al livello A1. La tesi di dottorato in questione è composta da sette capitoli, di cui i primi tre costituiscono la parte teorica, i successivi tre la parte di ricerca e l’ultimo capitolo è di carattere riassuntivo. Il Capitolo I delinea i fondamenti teorici della tesi: vengono discussi lo status della glottodidattica come campo scientifico e il posto occupato in quest’area dalla glottodidattica del polacco. È nel suo ambito che ricadono le considerazioni presentate nella tesi. Vengono quindi brevemente discusse le più importanti teorie sull’acquisizione linguistica e sull’apprendimento che influenzano lo stato attuale della didattica delle lingue. Il Capitolo II descrive come l’apprendimento delle lingue straniere, attraverso la partecipazione a scambi virtuali, risponda alle sfide dell’istruzione del XXI secolo. Presenta un insieme di competenze necessarie per gli studenti nel mondo di oggi, con particolare enfasi sulle abilità linguistiche, digitali, personali, sociali e di apprendimento nonché su quelle interculturali, poiché proprio queste vanno sviluppate nei progetti di telecollaborazione. Questi ultimi hanno anche contribuito alle riflessioni sulla didattica della cultura nell’insegnamento delle lingue straniere, soprattutto nell’ambito dell’insegnamento del polacco come lingua straniera. È stata sollevata anche la questione delle competenze necessarie per gli insegnanti nel XXI secolo nonché l’insieme delle competenze necessarie per coordinare efficacemente gli scambi virtuali. Lo scopo del Capitolo III è presentare il ruolo degli scambi virtuali nell’apprendimento assistito da computer. Presenta la storia e le definizioni di questo campo, nonché la sua importanza nell’insegnamento del polacco come lingua straniera. La parte successiva del capitolo è dedicata alle questioni direttamente legate alla telecooperazione: vengono discusse le definizioni e la cronologia dello sviluppo di questa forma di apprendimento e quindi il tema della progettazione degli scambi virtuali. È stata delineata una tipologia generale di tali progetti, le loro singole fasi e i compiti che le caratterizzano, nonché i criteri per la loro creazione. Inoltre, è stato rilevato un esiguo numero di attività disponibili per coloro che imparano le lingue straniere a livello principiante tra i materiali destinati ai docenti-coordinatori della telecooperazione. Viene inoltre presentata una serie di strumenti utilizzati di frequente nei progetti di scambio virtuale, nonché una tipologia di sfide e difficoltà che accompagnano la loro pianificazione e implementazione. Il Capitolo IV costituisce un’introduzione alla parte dedicata alla ricerca. Presenta informazioni generali sui tre progetti di scambio virtuale polacco-italiano realizzati dall’autrice, nonché un progetto di ricerca basato su di essi. Definisce gli obiettivi dell’attuazione della telecooperazione per l’insegnamento del polacco come lingua straniera presso l’Università di Torino e gli obiettivi dello studio pianificato insieme a una revisione della letteratura. È stato inoltre discusso il contesto educativo dell’apprendimento delle lingue straniere in entrambe le università partecipanti al progetto, nonché i fattori che ne influenzano l’organizzazione. L’ultima parte del capitolo presenta una descrizione generale dei progetti di scambio virtuale polacco-italiano condotti, nonché una giustificazione per la scelta dello studio di caso come principale metodo di ricerca adottato nella tesi. Il Capitolo V è dedicato alla presentazione dei risultati dello studio preliminare basato sui dati della prima edizione della telcooperazione polacco-italiana, condotta nell’anno accademico 2018/2019. Sono evidenziate le questioni direttamente legate all’attuazione del progetto: i coordinatori, i partecipanti, il programma e gli strumenti utilizzati, nonché quelle relative al progetto di ricerca iniziale, ovvvero la metodologia adottata e le domande di ricerca volte a valutare l’adeguatezza del livello di difficoltà dei compiti proposti al livello linguistico degli studenti che li svolgono, la valutazione degli strumenti utilizzati e l’individuazione delle cause dei problemi sorti durante l’attuazione della telecooperazione. A tal fine, sono stati utilizzati contemporaneamente più metodi di ricerca, secondo il principio della triangolazione dei dati: le osservazioni fatte dall’autrice della tesi durante il progetto, un’indagine svolta dopo la sua conclusione tra i partecipanti italiani e un’analisi quantitativa e qualitativa del materiale linguistico, che comprendeva tutte le dichiarazioni degli studenti raccolte durante lo scambio virtuale. La compilazione dei dati ottenuti con le suddette metodologie di ricerca ha consentito di valutare dettagliatamente ciascun compito dello scambio e di rispondere alle domande di ricerca poste in precedenza. Di conseguenza si è riscontrato che gli strumenti digitali sono stati selezionati in modo adeguato alle attività svolte e che le difficoltà derivanti dalla telecooperazione sono state causate da un tempo insufficiente dedicato al progetto e da imperfezioni nel suo sistema di coordinamento. Inoltre, due compiti si sono rivelati troppo difficili per gli studenti in termini di lingua. Inoltre, è stato constatato che, secondo loro, la partecipazione allo scambio virtuale li ha permesso di ampliare il loro lessico in polacco e ha contribuito ad aumentare il livello di conoscenza della vita in Polonia e della cultura polacca. Le conclusioni dell’analisi svolta sono state utilizzate per migliorare il progetto di telecooperazione italo-polacca nelle due edizioni seguenti. Le modifiche più importanti comprendevano: l’estensione della durata dello scambio, il cambiamento del modello di coordinamento del progetto nonché la rimozione di alcuni compiti e la loro sostituzione con dei nuovi. Il Capitolo VI presenta la seconda e la terza edizione della telecooperazione italo-polacca, realizzata negli anni 2019/2020 e 2020/2021, e lo studio principale basato su di esse. In questo capitolo è stata eseguita una verifica delle opinioni degli studenti sui benefici dello scambio virtuale e un’analisi dei mezzi lessicali utilizzati nel progetto e dei contenuti culturali presenti nelle dichiarazioni dei partecipanti. L’obiettivo principale del progetto di ricerca era scoprire quali teorie sull’acquisizione e sull’apprendimento delle lingue possono trovare applicazione nell’insegnamento attraverso gli scambi virtuali, nonché determinare in che misura i programmi esistenti per l’insegnamento del polacco come lingua straniera siano coerenti con i contenuti culturali trasmessi reciprocamente dai partner nella comunità online. Al fine di analizzare le suddette tematiche è stato condotto uno studio quantitativo e qualitativo, basato sul corpus linguistico delle dichiarazioni degli studenti raccolte durante i progetti di scambio virtuale polacco-italiano realizzati negli anni 2019/2020 e 2020/2021. Le liste di frequenza generate sono state confrontate con il vocabolario introdotto durante le lezioni universitarie del polacco come lingua straniera, il che ha permesso di determinare quali mezzi lessicali vengono consolidati grazie alla partecipazione ad uno scambio virtuale, e quali sono nuovi per gli studenti. Su questa base è stata anche determinata la partecipazione dei processi di imitazione e creazione all’apprendimento del lessico nella telecooperazione al livello principiante. Nella seconda parte dello studio, sono state contrassegnate tutte le parti delle dichiarazioni dei partecipanti con dei contenuti culturali e, sulla base della loro analisi quantitativa e qualitativa, è stato determinato quanto spesso essi si verificano nelle interazioni degli studenti, quali argomenti riguardano e quali compiti li attivano. È stato successivamente definito in che misura corrispondono ai programmi didattici della cultura polacca come lingua straniera, confrontandoli con le categorie in essi incluse. I risultati ottenuti hanno permesso di affermare che nel processo di acquisizione del vocabolario gli studenti utilizzano sia azioni basate sull’imitazione di forme linguistiche sia sulla loro creazione, formando nuove frasi utilizzando parole o strutture precedentemente sconosciute. I risultati dello studio hanno anche consentito una verifica positiva della percezione dei partecipanti sui benefici linguistici e culturali della partecipazione allo scambio virtuale. Inoltre, è stato osservato che i temi culturali sollevati dagli studenti si riferiscono in gran parte alla cultura pop, che di solito non è presente nelle proposte di programma di insegnamento della cultura polacca come cultura straniera. Il Capitolo VII costituisce un riassunto della ricerca svolta e una riflessione sull’uso degli scambi virtuali nell’insegnamento del polacco come lingua straniera al livello A1. È stato confermato che lo scambio virtuale può essere una preziosa forma di apprendimento per gli studenti della lingua polacca di livello principiante che, nonostante le loro limitate competenze linguistiche, sono in grado di svolgere efficacemente i compiti proposti e trarne vari benefici, come lo sviluppo di competenze interculturali (principalmente nel campo della conoscenza pratica), linguistiche (consolidando quelle conosciute e imparando nuove strutture lessicali e grammaticali) nonché digitali (grazie all’apprendimento di nuovi strumenti e delle loro funzioni). È stato inoltre riscontrato che le complicazioni derivanti dall’attuazione della telecooperazione italo-polacca mostrano che il livello linguistico dei partecipanti non influisce sul tipo di difficoltà affrontate dai loro coordinatori. Nel riassunto della tesi sono stati compresi i commenti riguardanti i limiti della ricerca condotta e le sue conseguenti implicazioni per il futuro.
Virtual exchange in teaching Polish as a foreign language at A1 level – a Polish-Italian case study In today's globalized world, it is vital to teach not only basic skills, such as reading, writing, numeracy, technical abilities, or the knowledge of foreign languages, but also those of more complex nature, such as entrepreneurship, critical thinking, intercultural and civil competences, problem solving, learning to learn, as well as digital literacy. One of the key competences of the 21st century education is invariably the ability to communicate in foreign languages which, like any education field, is expected to respond to the current demands of the youth. Having in mind that their interactions occur not only in a direct manner, but frequently via the Internet, their education needs to take this factor into account as well. Virtual exchanges – also referred to as telecollaboration, online intercultural exchange, e-tandem, or teletandem – are one of the types of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) that appear to be adequately addressing the needs of 21st century learners. Virtual exchanges are defined as an educational form involving the engagement of student groups in intercultural interaction and collaboration, which are conducted online with partners from different cultural backgrounds or geographic locations, under the leadership of teachers and/or expert facilitators. The academic research conducted over the past decades reports the numerous benefits derived from participation in such projects. Those include, but are not limited to, increased intercultural and language competences, the development of digital skills, the enhancement of teamwork skills, and the positive influence on learner autonomy. The participants of most telecollaboration projects described in literature are students at an advanced or intermediate level of language proficiency, and the exchanged languages are among the most commonly taught languages in Europe – predominantly English, often German, Spanish and French, and not uncommonly Italian. However, there exists very little research on the use of virtual exchanges in the didactics of less commonly taught languages (LCTL), and the sole example of telecollaboration, in which students spoke a Slavic language at the beginner level, are projects conducted by a Russian linguist, Ludmila Klimanova. This dissertation attempts to continue research efforts to fill a gap in literature concerning the study of telecollaboration that involves the use of a less commonly taught language, in this case Polish, at the beginner level. The author aims at illustrating virtual exchanges as a modern form of the learning process that corresponds with the needs of contemporary education, as well as at presenting in detail their application in the didactics of Polish as a foreign language at the beginner level. The research objectives of this study, accomplished via an analysis of the lexical resources used by students during a project, were to ascertain which theories of learning/language acquisition are applicable in the teaching process conducted through virtual exchanges. The subsequent research objective – achieved through the analysis of the cultural content provided by the participants of the project – is to determine to what extent the curriculum recommendations for teaching culture in the didactics of Polish as a foreign language are relevant to the process of learning in an online environment. Then, the didactical aim of the dissertation is to verify the usefulness of a telecollaboration model which would be appropriate for those starting to learn Polish as a foreign language. The basis for the presented research are three Polish-Italian telecollaboration projects, carried out successively in 2018/2019, 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 between the students learning Polish at the University of Turin and the students of Italian at the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University of Lublin at A1 level. The following PhD dissertation consists of seven chapters. The first three chapters constitute the theoretical part of this thesis, while the subsequent three form the research part. The last chapter aims at concluding the dissertation. Chapter I outlines the theoretical basis of this diploma paper – it discusses the status of foreign language teaching and learning (glottodidactics) as a scientific discipline and how glottodidactics of the Polish language fits in it. The considerations presented in this dissertation are concentrated within that field. Next, the most important theories of language acquisition and learning that affect the current state of language didactics are briefly discussed. Chapter II describes how the learning of foreign languages through the participation in virtual exchanges responds to the challenges of the 21st century education. A set of competences necessary for learners in the modern world is presented, with a focus on the following skills: linguistic, digital, personal, social, learning to learn, as well as intercultural. Those are the skills that are developed through telecollaboration-based projects. The latter ones have also become a stimulus for reflecting on the didactics of culture in the process of teaching foreign languages, especially in the context of teaching Polish as a foreign language. The chapter raises the issue of the competences necessary for the 21st century teachers and the skill set needed for an effective coordination of virtual exchanges. The aim of Chapter III is to present the role of virtual exchanges in computer-assisted learning. It outlines the history and definitions of that field, as well as its importance in the process of teaching Polish as a foreign language. The further part of the chapter focuses on issues directly related to telecollaboration – the definitions and chronology of its development, followed by the topic of designing virtual exchanges. The general typology of such projects, their various stages, and characteristic tasks along with the criteria for their creation are outlined as well. What is more, the attention is drawn to the small number of activities available for those learning foreign languages at the beginner level, amidst the materials aimed at teachers-coordinators of the telecollaboration. The set of frequently used tools in virtual exchange projects and the typology of challenges and problems that accompany its planning and implementation are also presented. Chapter IV aims at introducing the research section of the study. It presents general information about the three Polish-Italian virtual exchange projects undertaken by the author and the research project that was based on them. It defines the aims of implementing telecollaboration in the process of teaching Polish as a foreign language at the University of Turin, as well as the objectives of the planned study accompanied by a review of the subject literature. It discusses the educational context of foreign language learning at the two involved universities, as well as the factors shaping its organization. In the last part of the chapter a general outline of the conducted Polish-Italian virtual exchange projects is presented, together with a justification for the choice of the case study as the main research method adopted in the paper. Chapter V is devoted to a presentation of the results of the preliminary study based on data from the first edition of the Polish-Italian telecollaboration, which was carried out in the academic year of 2018/2019. The chapter outlines aspects directly related to the implementation of the project – the coordinators, the participants, the curriculum and the tools that were used – as well as those concerning the preliminary research design: the adopted methodology and the research questions aimed at assessing the adequacy of the difficulty degree of proposed tasks, in relation to the language level of the students performing them, the assessment of the tools that were used, and the attempt to identify the root of the problems that emerged during the implementation of the telecollaboration. For this purpose, several research methods were used simultaneously, following the concept of data triangulation: observations performed by the author of the dissertation throughout the project, a post-project survey conducted amongst the Italian participants, and a quantitative-qualitative analysis of the linguistic material, which consisted of all the students' utterances collected during the virtual exchange. The compilation of data obtained through the research methods mentioned above made a detailed evaluation for each exchange task possible and helped to provide answers to the previously posed research questions. As a result, it was determined that the digital tools were selected adequately to the performed activities, and that the problems that arose during the telecollaboration were caused by insufficient amount of time allocated to the project, as well as by deficiencies in the system of its coordination. What is more, two tasks proved to be overly challenging for the students in terms of language. Furthermore, it was stated that the students felt that their participation in the virtual exchange allowed them to learn new Polish vocabulary and contributed to an increase in their knowledge of the Polish culture and what it is like to live in Poland. The conclusions from the conducted analysis were utilized to improve the Polish-Italian telecollaboration project in its two subsequent editions. The most significant improvements included: extending the duration of the exchange, changing the project's coordination model, and removing and replacing certain tasks with new ones. Chapter VI presents the second and third editions of the Polish-Italian telecollaboration, which were carried out in 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, and the main conducted research which was based on them. Moreover, it verifies the cited students' opinions on the benefits gained from the virtual exchange, as well as analyses the lexical means used in the project and the cultural content included in the participants' utterances. The main goal of the research project was to determine which theories of language acquisition and learning can be applied to teaching through virtual exchanges, and to determine to what extent the existing curricula of teaching the culture of Polish as a foreign language are consistent with the cultural content shared by the partners in an online environment. In order to perform an analysis of the aforementioned issues, a quantitative-qualitative study was conducted, based on a language corpus created from student utterances collected during the Polish-Italian virtual exchange projects conducted in 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. The generated frequency lists were compared with the vocabulary introduced during the university classes of Polish as a foreign language, which made it possible to determine which lexical means are being retained owing to the participation in the virtual exchange, and which are considered new for the students. This also helped create a basis for determining the contribution of imitation and creation processes in vocabulary learning during telecollaboration at the beginner level. In the second part of the research, all excerpts of the participants' utterances containing cultural content were identified. Based on its quantitative-qualitative analysis, it was determined how often they occur in the students' interactions, what topics they relate to, and which tasks trigger them. Then, it was established to what extent they correspond to the curricula for teaching the culture of Polish as a foreign language, comparing them to the categories included within. The results obtained made it possible to claim that during the process of vocabulary acquisition, learners use actions based on imitation of linguistic forms, as well as on creation, forming new utterances using previously unknown words or structures. The research results also provided an affirmative verification of the participants' perceptions about the linguistic and cultural benefits of the participation in a virtual exchange. Moreover, it was observed that the cultural topics tackled by the students largely refer to popular culture, which is predominantly absent from the curricular proposals for the teaching of culture of Polish as a foreign language. Chapter VII provides a summary of the conducted research and reflects on the application of virtual exchanges in teaching Polish as a foreign language at A1 level. It confirms that virtual exchange can be a valuable form of learning for learners of Polish at the beginner level who, despite limited linguistic competence, are able to effectively perform the proposed tasks and gain various benefits, such as the development of intercultural competence (mainly in terms of factual knowledge), linguistic competence (by reinforcing the already known lexical and grammatical structures and learning new ones), and digital competence (by becoming familiar with new tools and their functions). It is also stated in the chapter that the complications that emerged during the Polish-Italian telecollaboration demonstrate that the language level of the participants does not influence the types of difficulties faced by their coordinators. The summary of the dissertation includes comments on the limitations of the conducted study and the implications for the future.
Maciołek, Marcin. "Kształtowanie się nazw owadów w języku polskim : procesy nominacyjne a językowy obraz świata." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5363.
Full textŚmiech, Jaśmina. "Wartościowanie w filmach animowanych dla dzieci (na materiale polskim i rosyjskim)." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/6412.
Full textTambor, Agnieszka. "Film jako przedmiot i narzędzie nauczania kultury polskiej i języka polskiego jako obcego." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5729.
Full textNerwiński, Wojciech. "Słownictwo z dziedziny mediów, reklamy i public relations jako przykład języka zawodowego." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Slavic Languages, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6892.
Full textIn my thesis “Vocabulary from media, advertising and public relations as an example of professional language”. I have analysed vocabulary which concerns media, advertising and public relations in Poland. These three questions are very young in Poland’s language and home market.
First of all I show in my thesis the research and development of the professional language in Poland. Afterwards I study the word's lexical in my work, as a criterion taken to the Polish language. English words that have been taken are researched , because this vocabulary is very young in the Polish commercial market. I have studied the taken words for meaning, how these words function and factors within and outside this process within Polish language. Also in my thesis are new polish words.
I have three main findings in my analysis:
1. vocabulary in media, advertising and public relations as a professional language in Poland (as pol. “profesjolekt”),
2. the vocabulary taken only from the English language,
3. Polish words which can sometimes be used instead of English words.
In my thesis I analysis a new Polish vocabulary, which are used in media, advertising and public relations. This vocabulary are neologisms .
Pilarczyk, Ewelina. "Metamorfozy słowa Pawła Florenskiego : wybrane zagadnienia filozofii języka w kontekście przekładu na język polski." Praca doktorska, 2005. http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/29243.
Full textKaleta, Radosław. "Białorusko-polska homonimia międzyjęzykowa." Doctoral thesis, 2012. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/314.
Full textУ дысертацыі аналізуюцца дасягненні міжнароднай (у тым ліку польска-беларускай) лексікаграфіі, а таксама праект слоўніка беларуска-польскіх фальшывых сяброў перакладчыка. Слоўнік рыxтуецца не толькі для перакладчыкаў, але таксама для выкладчыкаў, студэнтаў і ўсіх, xто карыстаецца польскай і беларускай мовамі (напр. для журналістаў, палітыкаў, бізнесменаў, турыстаў). Прац, прысвечаных беларуска-польскай аманіміі, вельмі мала. Беларуска-польскія „фальшывыя сябры пераклaдчыка” (міжмоўныя амо¬німы) – гэта беларускія словы, якія на першы погляд падобныя да польскіх і таму могуць асацыявацца з польскімі значэннямі. А польскія і беларускія значэнні якраз тут не супадаюць. Такая міжмоўная аманімія – гэта праблема не толькі перакладчыкаў, але таксама – а можа перш за ўсё – людзей, якія ве¬даюць, вывучаюць ці выкарыстоўваюць як беларускую, так і польскую мовы (напр., лінгвісты, выкладчыкі, студэнты, а таксама бізнесоўцы, турысты і г.д.).
In English, there exist several terms describing the interlingual homonymy – a phenomenon which I describe in my doctoral dissertation, referring to Belarusian and Polish language. Among these terms, one can indicate: (translator’s/slavist’s) false friends, false cognates, misleading words (of foreign origin), deceptive words, deceptive cognates or interlinguistic lexical homonymy. The monograph includes a review of a few important European works on the problem of false friends in a broad sense. These references allowed me to discuss existing definitions as well as to identify the most appropriate term to determine it. Furthermore, I made an attempt to list types and causes of this phenomenon. The problem of false friends has been discussed and examined for a long time. The first important work related to this topic was the French publication Les faux amis ou les trahisons du vocabulaire anglais: Conseils aux traducteurs (Paris 1928). Its authors, Maxime Kœssler and Jules Deroquiny, thoroughly analyzed English and French false friends. From then onwards, authors representing various nations and languages have been explaining the sources of interlingual lexical homonymy. They unanimously stated that this phenomenon is of interdisciplinary character and it goes far beyond the linguistics itself. The phenomenon of false friends can be observed not only within vocabulary, but also among more complex lexical structures, e.g. expressions and phrases. As mentioned above, my aim was to set together different types of false friends and to explain mechanisms of language mistakes and misunderstandings which arise in the junction point of two language systems. This issue should be particularly taken advantage of in the process of language teaching. My monograph consists of several parts. Firstly, I discussed the history of Polish and Belarusian language contacts. Then, I theoretically described interlingual homonymy of these two languages along with its types. This lead me to elaborate a dictionary of Belarusian-Polish false friends. So far, such a publication has not been worked up. It is also the first greater dictionary of this type, including numerous examples. It is addressed not only to students and teachers, but also to all those who use Belarusian and Polish in their everyday life (journalists, businessmen, politicians etc.).
Jakubczyk, Marcin. "Słowniki francusko-polskie i polsko-francuskie XVIII wieku : analiza metaleksykograficzna." Praca doktorska, 2014. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/59666.
Full textShumlianska, Nataliia. "Język polski na Żytomierszczyźnie - historia, stan współczesny oraz perspektywy rozwoju." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/1546.
Full textLevchuk, Pavlo. "Trójjęzyczność ukraińsko-rosyjsko-polska Ukraińców niepolskiego pochodzenia." Praca doktorska, 2019. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/87292.
Full textThe dissertation concerns the phenomenon so far not subjected to studies of trilingualism of Ukrainians living both in Poland and in Ukraine. The study was attended by non-Polish descent persons, for whom Polish is a foreign language. The research was carried out in the years 2015-2017 in Ukraine and Poland and 1,160 people took part in it. In the first chapter of the dissertation I present the current language situation in Ukraine, which I refer to as "post-Soviet" because in the years 1991-2015, depite the official language being Ukrainian, it did not interfere with the free functioning of the Russian language in all areas of communication, in individual regions even in the position of the dominant language. The second part of the chapter is devoted to the situation of the Polish language in Ukraine and the growing migration of Ukrainians to the west, where Poland is the first country abroad. The end of the first chapter presents the migration of Ukrainians to Poland, its number, most often performed professions and the adaptation problems of such a large migration group. The purpose of the next chapter is to present the reader with language contact research between the three languages studied. Respectively, the issues of research on Russian-foreign contacts, then Polish-foreign contacts were presented. The study of Ukrainian language contacts was divided into two areas: Ukrainian-Russian and Ukrainian-Polish contacts. In the third chapter I focus on theoretical issues of the phenomenon of trilingualism, which has never been defined in Polish linguistic works. In addition, I analyze the definitions of the native language, first and second language and the third functionally as the first or the second language. In the next chapter, four groups of respondents were distinguished: the first two groups are people of non-Polish descent, living both in Poland and in Ukraine. The other two groups included people who I consider to be people on the borderline of Polish origin, which means that they declared the Polish origin of their great-grandparents, who most often did not take part in raising a small child, let alone adolescent teenagers. The adoption of such assumptions was aimed at comparing the responses of each of the studied groups and could lead to the conclusion that the assumptions were unjustified if the results of the research did not differ sufficiently. The results presented in the dissertation concerned the general characteristics of the aforementioned groups, the first language of the respondents and their cultural identity, as well as their motivations for learning the Polish language, the level of linguistic competence of each language including the division according to the language skills and the frequency of using each one. The emotional attitude towards every of the language was also taken into account. In the fifth chapter at first the areas of the use of every language were presented, then the people with whom the respondents communicate in either of the languages, the frequency of the choice of the described languages while using the media and the frequency of using them in the personal sphere. The sixth chapter demonstrates cases studies of trilingual people, proposing a division into models of becoming and being trilingual. The basis for the cases presented in this chapter were in-depth interviews, conducted with individual informers as well as their participating observation. The last chapter consists of the summary of the presented research, that apart from the analysis of the functioning of trilingualism concerning the use of the Polish language, points, for the first time, at the value of the Polish language for people of non-Polish descent. For those people Polish language slowly becomes a tool for self-fulfilment of an increasing number of people.
Kozłowska, Maria. ""Księgi ktore zową Język" (1542) : polski przekład dzieła Erazma z Rotterdamu "Lingua"." Praca doktorska, 2015. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/278047.
Full textMakarova, Olga. "Język polski ksiąg sądowych XVI–XVII w. z Ukrainy Prawobrzeżnej. Leksyka prawnicza." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/683.
Full textThe main goal of the thesis is the characteristic of the Polish and Latin law terminology which was functioning in the court books from the Volhynia, Podolia, Kyiv and Braclav regions in the XVI–XVII century. The particular task is the presentation of the vocabulary from the point of contacts and interferences of the Polish, Latin and Ukrainian languages in the chamber style of the Right-bank Ukraine. The chronological borders were considered by the historical and cultural terms. Polish became the second official language (the firs was Ukrainian) in the court chambers of the Ukrainian lands which were joined to the Polish Crown after the Lublin Union (1569). But in general Polish appeared in the Ukrainian documents mostly in the form of lexical borrowings. From the end of the XVI century the general parts of the court documents and even the whole documents and books were written in this language, which depended on the tradition of the different court chambers. Bilingualism became an important term of the law terminology forming in the Ukrainian chambers of the mentioned period. The research is based on the court books from Ovruch, Zhytomyr, Volodymyr and Letychiv, which were written in Polish-Ukrainian (Ovruch, Zhytomyr and Volodymyr) and Latin-Polish (Letychiv) from the end of the XVI century till the second half of the XVII century. Documents in those books generally are connected with the judicial (complaints, testimonies, protests, manifests, appellations, oaths), administrative and economic cases (sale, purchase, division of property, testaments). The testimonies of witnesses and testaments include the most interesting linguistic material – its language seems to be very close to the colloquial one of the Southern-Eastern Borderlands. Polish of those documents usually has the dialectal and regional elements, which are connected with the Ukrainian linguistic influences. For example the realization of the old *ě and ė as i in the unstressed position: dzidzicznej, kaliczyli, wiedzic; the realization of the old *ě as e in the stressed position: wieder; the velarization of the consonant r: kremenieckimi, kalendara, troch etc. The number of the lexical borrowings was few: sioło, kozak, grabież, duło, swieszczennik, boiarzy, hreczka, podaczki, tuteszny, hospody stanowne. The XVI–XVII century is the period of the legislative nomination development caused by the influence of the Roman law. From the XVI century the law terminology which was inherited from the Old Polish was competing with the borrowed Latin terminology. The last one appeared in the texts as both adaptations and quotations. Thus, from the end of the XVI century at least one Polish and one Latin word existed for nomination of one law concept, for example: prawo dziedziczne – prawo sukcesjonalne, zeznanie – testimonium, sprawa – akcja, pozwany – wokowany. Such pairs of the analogical terms of different origin are called the equonims. To distinguish the equonims which are functioning in one volume the modifier of the terminological parallelism was brought into circulation. Such words were known and used by writers of one chamber at the same time. In the different volume as the terminological parallels might function the whole groups of equonims or its elements, for example in the group of equonims zeznanie – atestacja, testimonium, rekognicja in such composition the terminological parallels existed only in the Letychiv court books, but in the other books the parallels were made of the group separate elements: zeznanie – rekognicja (the Ovruch Court Book 1678), zeznanie – testimonium (the Ovruch Court Book 1688), zeznanie – atestacja (the Zhytomyr Court Book 1635–1644). The particular goal of the research is to show the proportion in usage of the Polish and the Latin expressions, which are the terminological parallels in the court books. The law lexicon is semantically differentiated, that’s why the terminological parallelisms were analyzed in the distinct semantic fields such as: the law and its sources; the institutions of court; the court document; the lawsuit; the participants of the lawsuit; the procedure of the lawsuit; the ending of the lawsuit; the illegal actions; the punishments; the law of property. 757 lexical units were excerpted during the law terminology studying. Among them 327 expressions are of the Latin origin, 138 of them have its Polish equivalents. The other 430 units are the Polish expressions, which in the law contexts gain the terminological meanings. The quantitative analyses shows that in the most of semantic fields the Polish terminology dominates; Latin expressions dominate only in the court document field; relatively the same number of Polish and Latin expressions is observed in the ending of the lawsuit field; the lawsuit and the court document fields are the most numerous and complex – they consist of more than 100 lexical units. Approximately 40 expressions, which are presented in the thesis, are not certified in the historical vocabularies and in the law terminology studies of A. Zajda and I. Szczepankowska. In terms of law terminology the Polish language of the Ukrainian court chambers wasn’t homogeneous (as it took place in the Central Poland chambers). During the terminological lexicon development the dominant usage was shifting into the side of the Polish law terminology, but the role of Latin still occupied a strong position in the writing tradition of law and judicature. Latin for writers was a source of terminology, expressions and in some way it was the basis for creation of the correct law document, which could be written both in Polish and Ukrainian.
Miękisz, Aneta. "Zasób słownictwa we wczesnej dwujęzyczności u dzieci przyswajających język polski na emigracji." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/2214.
Full textIn the following thesis we examine an early language development of Polish children living in UK and Ireland whose parents are first generation immigrants. They were compared to monolingual peers living in Poland. The relevant issue, from a theoretical point of view, was the investigation of early bilingual language acquisition. Due to (to the best of author’s knowledge) the lack of similar studies for Polish or other Slavic languages, our study was primarily exploratory. The expressive vocabularies were assessed using Polish and when relevant British English adaptations of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (MB-CDI). General information and language exposition patterns were assessed by KRiJ (Questionnaire: Child development and its language resources). The assessment included expressive vocabulary, composition of mental vocabulary, word combination, characteristics of language exposition, the possible effect of diverse language exposition on the development of expressive vocabulary. Additionally, we explored factors (taken from the data collected in KRiJ) which might be related to lower vocabulary scores of bilingual group. Results indicate that children acquiring Polish language in early bilingual setting do not have language skills in Polish on the same level as Polish monolinguals living in Poland. The differences were observed in expressive vocabulary, investigated semantic categories, and early word combination. However, it seems that children in both groups have the same developmental tendency but the emergence of word combination is observed later. The investigation of language exposition patterns indicated that the children being raised in UK and Ireland can be considered as those who bilingually acquire first language. The results confirm that already, at such an early stage of their development in the environment where Polish is a minority language, we can observe significant statistical differences in total expressive vocabulary, as well as in investigated semantic categories and parts of speech. The observed differences were significant in all age groups (22-26; 27-31; 32-38 months). Their results were lower than those of their monolingual peers even though 96% of the families declared Polish to be the dominant language used at home. The differences were also observed in Total Conceptual Vocabulary but not in the Total Vocabulary (measures which considered both languages). Overall, results indicated the dominant use of Polish at home in an immigrant setting does not guarantee the attainment of the same language competence that is demonstrated by monolingual children. Additional support of the heritage language is needed.
Święcka, Aleksandra. "Wpływ polskiego języka migowego na kształt wypowiedzi pisemnych tworzonych przez Głuchych." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/1375.
Full textSabała, Martyna. "Leksyka dotycząca realiów starożytnej Palestyny w XVI-wiecznych przekładach Ewangelii na język polski." Doctoral thesis, 2019. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3149.
Full textSzesnasty wiek to w Rzeczpospolitej m.in. czas reformacji i kontrreformacji oraz związanego z nimi przyrostu drukowanego piśmiennictwa religijnego, w tym tłumaczeń Pisma Świętego. Dążenie do przekazania szerszemu gronu odbiorców doktryn właściwych każdemu odłamowi religii chrześcijańskiej doprowadziło do pojawienia się przekładów Biblii z języków oryginalnych (w wypadku Nowego Testamentu z greckiego) oraz łaciny, wzorowanych niekiedy także na ówczesnych przekładach Biblii na inne języki wernakularne. Na kształt translacji wpłynęły m.in. polemiki między ich twórcami, kompetencje autorów, a także przyjęcie różnych podstaw tłumaczeń oraz technik translatorskich. Różnice między przekładami uwidaczniają się m.in. na płaszczyźnie językowej, w tym leksykalnej. Pokazuje ona stan ówczesnej polszczyzny w tym zakresie: z jednej strony stabilizację pewnych środków leksykalnych, z drugiej ewolucję zasobu słownictwa, jego bogactwo i ograniczenia związane z oddawaniem w języku polskim znaczenia obcych słów. Przedmiotem rozprawy jest analiza leksyki dotyczącej realiów życia codziennego starożytnej Palestyny, wyekscerpowanej z dziesięciu XVI-wiecznych przekładów Ewangelii na język polski. Są to: przekłady katolickie (Nowy Testament wydany przez Szarffenberga w 1556 roku, Biblia Leopolity z 1561 i przekłady Jakuba Wujka z 1593 i 1599 roku), luterańskie (Ewangelia według św. Mateusza z 1551 roku oraz Nowy Testament zupełny z 1553 roku autorstwa Stanisława Murzynowskiego), kalwińskie (Biblia brzeska z 1563 roku) i ariańskie (Nowy Testament z 1570 roku i całościowy przekład Pisma Świętego z 1572 roku, oba autorstwa Szymona Budnego, a także Nowy Testament Marcina Czechowica z 1577 roku). W pracy wykorzystano transkrypcje przekładów znajdujące się na stronie internetowej www.ewangelie.uw.edu.pl, powstałej w ramach projektu Szesnastowieczne przekłady Ewangelii, zrealizowanego na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim pod kierunkiem Izabeli Winiarskiej-Górskiej. Analiza materiału badawczego przebiega na dwóch płaszczyznach opisu. Pierwsza obejmuje przedstawienie ekwiwalencji między greckim tekstem oryginalnym i przekładem łacińskim a polskimi tłumaczeniami, a także odpowiedniości między samymi translacjami. W ramach drugiej została dokonana próba określenia struktury wyekscerpowanej leksyki na gruncie polskim, a także przedstawienia związków i zależności między badanymi wyrazami. W badaniu wykorzystano metodologię analizy polowej leksyki, dzięki której możliwe było wskazanie wycinków rzeczywistości szczególnie ważnych z punktu widzenia dawnej kultury bliskowschodniej, ale także XVI-wiecznej Rzeczpospolitej, bo niektóre z realiów biblijnych oddawane były w kategoriach polskich. Wydzielono osiem pól leksykalnosemantycznych, w których znalazło się słownictwo dotyczące ukształtowania terenu, zagospodarowania przestrzeni, używanych przedmiotów i narzędzi, pożywienia, ubioru, 1 chorób i pielęgnacji ciała, jednostek miary, środków płatniczych i transportu. Leksyka należąca do każdego z pól to jednostki znaczeniowe w postaci pojedynczych wyrazów i synonimicznych wobec nich derywatów składniowych, czyli połączeń wyrazowych o znaczeniu globalnym. Dokonano charakterystyki genetycznej (podział na wyrazy obce i rodzime), formalnej, a przede wszystkim semantycznej zebranych słów. Wskazano również relacje semantyczne między analizowanymi leksemami, zwracając uwagę na relacje polisemii, synonimii, hiperoi hiponimii, a w wypadku ekwiwalencji leksykalnej stosując terminy takie, jak: odpowiednik, synonim, odpowiednik częściowy, odpowiednik kontekstowy bądź substytut. W badaniu wykazano, że główne odzwierciedlone w polskich przekładach sfery życia codziennego, na które zwracają uwagę Ewangeliści, to organizacja przestrzeni, w tym podział na jednostki administracyjne, jak kraj, region, organizacja przestrzeni miejskiej i wiejskiej oraz ich zagospodarowanie (wznoszenie budynków użyteczności publicznej – świeckich i religijnych, budynków mieszkalnych i gospodarczych, a także ich wyposażenie w różne przedmioty użytku codziennego i narzędzia pracy), oraz jedzenie i jego przyrządzanie. Obce leksemy nazywające wybrane wycinki realiów oddawane są często kilkoma różnymi polskimi wyrazami, które tworzą szeregi synonimiczne, np. gumno – stodoła – spichlerz, gospoda – dom gościnny – gościniec – złożenie, stolica – stolec – stołek. Są one złożone nie tylko z leksemów rodzimych, lecz także zapożyczonych, np. włocznia – oszczep – kopija, lichtarz – świecznik. Pozostawianie w przekładach transkrypcji obcych słów, używanie zapożyczeń z języków innych niż greka lub łacina, a także derywacja to sposoby zwiększające liczebność leksemów nazywających realia życia codziennego Palestyny, które oddawane są również za pomocą leksyki obrazującej życie w polskich miastach i wsiach okresu Renesansu. Widoczne jest to zwłaszcza w słownictwie z zakresu ubioru (kurdwan, szkornia, trzewik, żupica) i zagospodarowania przestrzeni (folwark, powiat, ratusz, targ).
Lambeinová, Ludmila. "Specyfika tłumaczenia polskojęzycznych tekstów naukowych z zakresu historii Polski XX wieku na język czeski." Doctoral thesis, 2019. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3231.
Full textPiasecka, Marta. "Język polski młodzieży polskiego pochodzenia zamieszkałej w Oslo i okolicach (Norwegia) – na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych wśród uczniów polskich szkół." Doctoral thesis, 2015. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/975.
Full textSzamryk, Konrad Kazimierz. "Język rękopiśmiennych kazań Krzysztofa Kluka." Phd thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11320/1690.
Full textPodstawę materiałową pracy stanowią kazania przygotowane i wygłaszane przez księdza Krzysztofa Kluka na Podlasiu w latach 1782–1794. Kluk (1739–1796) był księdzem przyrodnikiem, proboszczem parafii w Ciechanowcu, współpracownikiem KEN, autorem pierwszego podręcznika do botaniki oraz poradników gospodarskich. Rękopis kazań liczy 372 strony. W trakcie badań ustalono, że nie jest to autograf Kluka, ale kopia, najprawdopodobniej wykonana tuż po śmierci przyrodnika. Celem przedstawionej rozprawy jest charakterystyka języka kazań Kluka, a pośrednio również pogranicza Mazowsza i Podlasia przełomu XVIII i XIX wieku. W rozdziale I (grafika i ortografia) omawiam m.in. sposób zapisywania samogłosek i spółgłosek, stosowanie diakrytów, geminat, użycie wielkich i małych liter. W rozdziale II opisano kwestie graficzno-fonetycznym rękopisu (wokalizm i konsonantyzm). Rozdział II (fleksja) zaprezentowany został według schematu: deklinacja rzeczowników, przymiotników i imiesłowów przymiotnikowych, zaimków, liczebników oraz koniugacja. Rozdział IV dotyczy słowotwórstwa. Charakteryzuję w nim formanty rzeczowników, przymiotników, przysłówków i czasowników. Ponadto omówione zostały composita oraz negativa. W rozdziale V (leksyka) poddano analizie słownictwo związane ze sferą religijną. Całość opisano w układzie tematycznym. Tam, gdzie jest to możliwe, wskazuję na ograniczony zakres używania leksemów (słownictwo podniosłe, terminologia religijna), nacechowanie chronologiczne w XVIII wieku oraz użycia niezgodne z ujęciem dogmatycznym.
The dissertation is based on Kluk’s handwritten homilies which were delivered in Podlasie from 1782 until 1794. Krzysztof Kluk (1739–1796) was a priest-scientist, a co-worker of The Commission of National Education, the author of the first botany book and agricultural guidebooks. He was the rector of Ciechanowiec parish as well. There are 372 pages in quarto of Kluk’s handwritten homilies. Studies have shown that the manuscript is indeed not Kluk’s autograph. The document appeared to be a copy made shortly after Kluk’s death. Besides analyzing Kluk’s homilies the aim of my work is to describe the language of the Mazowsze and Podlasie borderland at the turn of 18th and 19th. Present disquisition consists of five chapters. In chapter I (lettering and orthography) I describe ways of writing the vowels and consonants, the rules of using diacritics, the geminates, use of capital and small letters. In chapter II (phonetics) I have analysed distinguish vowel and consonant systems that do not fit the standard literature of the Polish language in 18th century. Chapter III (flection) I have organized in order: system of declension (nouns, adjectives, participles, pronouns, numerals) and conjugation. In chapter IV (word formation) I describe formatives of nouns, adjectives, adverbs and verbs. In chapter V (lexis) I decided to analyze only the lexemes connected with the religious sphere. To present mutual dependence upon the words I have decided to use the semantic fields method. I try to mention the narrow and restricted use of vocabulary (solemn words, terminology) and their chronology marked in the 18th century.
Kwaśniewska-Urban, Paulina. "Potencjał teatralny w komedii "Il servitore di due padroni" Carla Goldoniego i w jej przekładach na język polski." Praca doktorska, 2020. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/148921.
Full textRydzewska-Siemiątkowska, Joanna. "Wykładniki modalności deontycznej w polskim i fińskim języku prawa." Doctoral thesis, 2017. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/2454.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the topic of deontic modality in Finnish legal language which has not been a subject of any in-depth research from this perspective so far neither in the Finnish legal theory nor in the Finnish linguistics. The aim of this dissertation is to examine semantic and pragmatic relations between deontic expressions in legal and general Finnish with Polish language being used as a reference language. The dissertation is divided into a theoretical and an analytical part. The theoretical part includes fundamentals of deontic modality described from a point of view of logic, linguistics and jurisprudence, as well as refers to both Polish and Finnish research. Moreover, definitions of a necessive verb and deontic strength are introduced for further analysis and the scope of legilinguistics is described. Finnish legal language is classified and juxtaposed to a division of Polish legal language into a language of the law (prawny) and metalanguage of the law (prawniczy) which is established in Polish legal theory. Furthermore, terminology of normative statements used in jurisprudence is introduced and the official guidelines are discussed on the usage of deontic expressions in legal acts drawn in Finnish, Swedish and translated into English. Moreover, polysemy, synonymy and the concept of connotation are described. The analytical part of the dissertation presents dictionary definitions of some Polish and Finnish deontic expressions with reference to their general and legal usage. Analysis is divided according to the types of modal exponents: obligation, permission, prohibition and no obligation. Especially the Polish obligation expression powinien is scrutinised due to the biggest differences observed in its legal and general usage. In order to present the usage of deontic expressions and to find translation equivalents in both languages, textual analyses are performed: parallel fragments of the Constitution of the Republic of Finland and the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, as well as parallel versions of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union in Finnish and Polish are analysed considering the frequency of the expressions. The above considerations are complemented with qualitative and quantitative analyses. They are based on two online questionnaire surveys performed among Finnish native speakers and made in cooperation with the Institute for the Languages of Finland (Kotimaisten kielten keskus). The results of the research form the core of the dissertation. The surveys included sentences with gaps excerpted from authentic legislative texts. Respondents were to fill the gaps with deontic expressions from the provided list of different options or to propose an expression of their own. For each of the sentences respondents could provide optional comments justifying their choice of particular expressions. On the basis of respondents’ comments connotative features of the expressions were found which enabled differentiating their meanings. Analyses include differences in educational and professional profile of the respondents. Moreover, on the scale 1-10 the deontic strength of the expressions was examined and the comparative analysis of the features of the expressions indicated by the respondents was performed concerning general and legal use of particular phrases. Results of both surveys were also confronted with opinions of experts from the Finnish Ministry of Justice. The study confirmed the hypothesis that Finnish language can be characterised by its own, typical set of deontic exponents and that the majority of respondents are aware of the peculiarity of legal and general registers. In spite of such awareness respondents did not take into account differences in the interpretation that result from the pragmatics of legal text which should be understood in a normative way unlike texts on a general subject. This has led respondents to erroneous conclusions on the deontic strength attributed to the expressions. On this basis the research showed some discrepancies between groups of respondents concerning their perception of connotational features of the expressions, e.g. linguists without legal background compared to lawyers without language background attributed lower values of deontic strength to obligation expressions more often. This indicates that the problem pertaining to the erroneous interpretation of the obligation level of some deontic expressions among people without legal background, as mentioned on the example of Polish powinien, may apply to Finnish as well. Furthermore, the study confirmed denotational features from dictionary definitions and established new connotational features which have not been addressed in the Finnish dictionaries so far. For example there may be a link between deontic expressions and such factors as language register, branch of law or deontic subject. The proposed sets of features reflect various aspects of deontic expressions and confirm existing near-synonymy between them.