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Journal articles on the topic 'Jian fei'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Chang, Kang-Ming, Shu-Yi Luo, Sih-Huei Chen, Tuan-Ping Wang, and Congo Tak-Shing Ching. "Body Massage Performance Investigation by Brain Activity Analysis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/252163.

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Massage has been widely applied to improve health and reduce stress. However, the performance difference between hands-on treatment and treatment by mechanical devices has been little mentioned. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to investigate a subject's EEG performance under massage treatment applied by hand and treatment applied by mechanical devices. Massage was applied to four acupoints for three minutes each. The massage acupoint sequence was from left Jian-wai-yu, right Jian-wai-yu, left Zuo-fei-yu, and finally right Zuo-fei-yu. An EEG system of 32 channels was used. Twenty-four volunteers, mainly college students, were enrolled. EEG rhythm powers of each massage sessions were derived. Two-way ANOVA revealed that there were also significant interactions between the massage stage and the massage type on delta(P<0.01), theta(P<0.05), and beta rhythms(P<0.01), and there were significant differences at different stages for the mechanical massage group (F=5.557,P<0.01). The mechanical massage group had more significant differences than the hands-on group for stage coherence of around coherence on alpha rhythm. Further rhythm power scalp topography between two massage methods is also investigated.

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2

Lang, Wanying, Feng Yang, Fanfan Cai, Wengui Shi, Min Dong, Qi An, and Yanping Li. "Reveal the Mechanisms of Yi-Fei-Jian-Pi-Tang on Covid-19 through Network Pharmacology Approach." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (July 16, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1493137.

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Objectives. The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula Yi-Fei-Jian-Pi-Tang (YFJPT) has been demonstrated effective against Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). The aim of this article is to make a thorough inquiry about its active constituent as well as mechanisms against Covid-19 via TCM network pharmacology. Methods. All the ingredients of YFJPT are obtained from the pharmacology database of the TCM system. The genes which are associated with the targets are obtained by utilizing UniProt. The herb-target network is built up by utilizing Cytoscape. The target protein-protein interaction network is built by utilizing the STRING database and Cytoscape. The critical targets of YFJPT are explored by Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Results. The outcomes show that YFJPT might has 33 therapeutic targets on Covid-19, namely, interleukin 2 (IL2), heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), interleukin 4 (IL4), interferon gamma (FNG), α nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in Bcells inhibitor, alpha (NFKBIA), nuclear factor-k-gene binding (NFKB), nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1A), mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), interleukin 10 (IL10), jun proto-oncogene (JUN), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), tumor protein p53 (TP53), interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 6 (IL6), erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2), RELA proto-oncogene (RELA), NF-κB subunit, caspase 8 (CASP8), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARA), TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), interleukin 1 alpha (IL1A), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8), myeloperoxidase (MPO), matrix metallopeptidase 3 (MMP3), matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1), and NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 (NFE2L2). The gene enrichment analysis prompts that YFJPT most likely contributes to patients related to Covid-19 by regulating the pathways of cancers. Conclusions. That will lay a foundation for the clinical rational application and further experimental research of YFJPT.

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LI, JIANSHENG, LIPING YANG, YA LI, YANGE TIAN, SUYUN LI, SULI JIANG, YING WANG, and XINMIN LI. "Metabolomics study on model rats of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with Bu-Fei Jian-Pi." Molecular Medicine Reports 11, no. 2 (November 3, 2014): 1324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2843.

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4

Lin, Lin, Cui-Ying Tang, Si-Li Tang, Kai-Feng Huang, Jian Xu, and Hui Yu. "Jian-Pi-Yi-Fei granule suppresses airway inflammation in mice induced by cigarette smoke condensate and lipopolysaccharide." Indian Journal of Pharmacology 51, no. 4 (2019): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijp.ijp_105_18.

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5

Greco, Venanzio R. "Discussion of “Effects of Strain Localization on Seismic Active Earth Pressures” by Jian-Min Zhang, Fei Song, and De-Ji Li." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 137, no. 12 (December 2011): 1316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0000493.

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6

Zhang, Jian-Min, Fei Song, and De-Ji Li. "Closure to “Effects of Strain Localization on Seismic Active Earth Pressures” by Jian-Min Zhang, Fei Song, and De-Ji Li." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 137, no. 12 (December 2011): 1316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0000594.

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7

Zhang, Q. B., Y. Q. Huang, F. N. Xiao, G. L. Jian, Y. P. Tang, F. Dai, J. X. Zheng, and Y. F. Qing. "POS1146 NONCODING RNA CONTRIBUTE TO PATHOGENESIS IN PRIMARY GOUTY ARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 852.1–852. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.4056.

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Background:Gout is an arthritic disease caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystal (MSU) in the joints, which can lead to acute inflammation and damage adjacent tissue [1].Over the past decade, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to have crucial importance in health and disease[2,3]. However, studies evaluating the function of ncRNAs in gout are scarce, and current knowledge of the role of ncRNAs in gout is still limited.Objectives:To assess the contribution of noncoding RNAs to gout and the clinical importance of these genes in primary gouty arthritis (GA).Methods:The mRNA expression levels of noncoding RNAs (LINC00173, LINC00963, LINC01330 and miRNA-182-5p) were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 60 gout patients(including 30 acute gout patients, 30 intercritical gout patients) and 40 healthy subjects. The relationship between noncoding RNA expression levels and laboratory features was analyzed in GA patients.Results:The expression levels of LINC00173, LINC00963 and miRNA-182-5p were much lower in the AG and IG group than in the HC groups (p<0.05), and no significant difference was detected between AG and IG groups(P>0.05). The expression levels of LINC01330 were much lower in the AG group than in the IG and HC groups (p<0.05), and no significant difference was detected between AG and IG groups(P>0.05). In GA patients, the levels of noncoding RNAs mRNA correlated with laboratory inflammatory and metabolic indexes.Conclusion:Altered noncoding RNAs expression suggests that noncoding RNAs is involved in the pathogenesis of GA and participates in regulating inflammation and metabolism.References:[1]Xu Yi-Ting,Leng Ying-Rong,Liu Ming-Ming et al. MicroRNA and long noncoding RNA involvement in gout and prospects for treatment.[J].Int Immunopharmacol, 2020, 87: 106842.doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106842[2]Yu Yunfang,Zhang Wenda,Li Anlin et al. Association of Long Noncoding RNA Biomarkers With Clinical Immune Subtype and Prediction of Immunotherapy Response in Patients With Cancer.[J].JAMA Netw Open, 2020, 3: e202149.doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.2149[3]Zou Yaoyao,Xu Siqi,Xiao Youjun et al. Long noncoding RNA LERFS negatively regulates rheumatoid synovial aggression and proliferation.[J].J Clin Invest, 2018, 128: 4510-4524.doi:10.1172/JCI97965Figure 1.Relative Expression of noncoding RNAs in the PBMCs of Patients.Disclosure of Interests:Quan-Bo Zhang Grant/research support from: the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program) (no.81974250) and Science and Technology Plan Project of Sichuan Province (no.2018JY0257), Yu-Qin Huang: None declared, Fan-Ni Xiao: None declared, gui-lin jian: None declared, Yi-Ping Tang: None declared, Fei Dai: None declared, Jian-Xiong Zheng: None declared, Yu-Feng Qing Grant/research support from: Science and Technology Project of Nanchong City (no.18SXHZ0522).

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Zhang, Jian, Dongmei Ji, Li Cai, Herui Yao, Min Yan, Xiaojia Wang, Weina Shen, et al. "Abstract P2-13-10: First-in-human HER2-targeted bispecific antibody KN026 for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: Results from a phase I study." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): P2–13–10—P2–13–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p2-13-10.

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Abstract PURPOSE KN026 is a novel bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds to two distinct HER2 epitopes. This firstinhuman Phase I study evaluated the safety/tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), preliminary efficacy, and potential predictive biomarker activity of KN026 administered as monotherapy to HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. METHODS Female patients with HER2 positive MBC who failed prior antiHER2 therapies received intravenous KN026 monotherapy at 5 mg/kg (QW), 10 mg/kg (QW), 20 mg/kg (Q2W), or 30 mg/kg (Q3W). Dose escalation was guided by a “3+3” doseescalation rule followed by dose expansion. The primary endpoint of the study was to assess safety and ascertain the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). RESULTS 63 patients were enrolled with a median of 3 prior lines of systemic therapies and 2 prior lines of HER2 targeted therapies. Treatment was well tolerated with no DLTs observed. The most common treatment related adverse events (TRAEs) were pyrexia (23.8%), diarrhea (22.2%), aspartate aminotransferase increased (22.2%), alanine aminotransferase increased (22.2%). 4 patients reported Grade 3 TRAEs. Pharmacokinetic analysis indicated that KN026 exposure was dose-dependent, with a terminal elimination halflife of 146 to 282 hours after multiple doses. Results from exposure-response analysis supported the selection of the RP2Ds at 20 mg/kg Q2W or 30 mg/kg Q3W, which had corresponding objective response rates (ORRs) of 32.1% and 24.1%, disease control rates of 60.7% and 82.8%, and median progression-free survival (PFS) of 5.5 and 7.4 months, respectively. Anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) were detected in 3.2% (2/63) of patients at the end of treatment. Cell line data showed that coamplification of HER2 and CDK12 were related to the efficacy of KN026. Translational research in 20 HER2-amplified patients further confirmed that co-amplification (vs. no coamplification) of CDK12 was a promising biomarker in predicting better response to KN026 (ORR of 50% vs. 0% and PFS of 8.2 vs. 2.7 months, P = 0.05 and 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSION KN026, a HER2 bispecific antibody, is well tolerated, with a favorable safety profile and promising anti-tumor activity in the context of its class in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. Co-amplification of HER2/CDK12 may define patients who benefit more from KN026. Citation Format: Jian Zhang, Dongmei Ji, Li Cai, Herui Yao, Min Yan, Xiaojia Wang, Weina Shen, Yiqun Du, Hui Pang, Xiuping Lai, Huiai Zeng, Jian Huang, Yan Sun, Xinxin Peng, Junfang Xu, Jing Yang, Fei Yang, Ting Xu, Xichun Hu. First-in-human HER2-targeted bispecific antibody KN026 for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: Results from a phase I study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-13-10.

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9

Gao, Yue, Chun-Jie Liu, Hua-Yi Li, Xiao-Ming Xiong, Sjors G. j. g. In ‘t Veld, Gui-Ling Li, Jia-Hao Liu, et al. "Abstract LB168: Platelet RNA signature enables early and accurate detection of ovarian cancer: An intercontinental, biomarker identification study." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): LB168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-lb168.

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Abstract Background: Morpho-physiological alternations of platelets provided a rationale to harness RNA sequencing of tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) for preoperative diagnosis of cancer. Timely, accurate, and non-invasive detection of ovarian cancer in women with adnexal masses presents a significant clinical challenge. Patients and Methods: This intercontinental, hospital-based, diagnostic study included 761 treatment-naïve inpatients with histologically confirmed adnexal masses and 167 healthy controls from nine medical centers (China, n=3; Netherlands, n=5; Poland, n=1) between September 2016 and May 2019. The main outcomes were the performance of TEPs and their combination with CA125 in two Chinese (VC1 and VC2) and the European (VC3) validation cohorts collectively and independently. Exploratory outcome was the value of TEPs in public pan-cancer platelet transcriptome datasets. Results: The AUCs for TEPs in the combined validation cohort, VC1, VC2, and VC3 were 0.918 (95% CI 0.889-0.948), 0.923 (0.855-0.990), 0.918 (0.872-0.963), and 0.887 (0.813-0.960), respectively. Combination of TEPs and CA125 demonstrated an AUC of 0.922 (0.889-0.955) in the combined validation cohort; 0.955 (0.912-0.997) in VC1; 0.939 (0.901-0.977) in VC2; 0.917 (0.824-1.000) in VC3. For subgroup analysis, TEPs exhibited an AUC of 0.858, 0.859, and 0.920 to detect early-stage, borderline, non-epithelial diseases and 0.899 to discriminate ovarian cancer from endometriosis. Analysis of public datasets suggested that TEPs had potential to detect multiple malignancies (Table 1). Conclusions: TEPs had robustness, compatibility, and universality for preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer since it withstood validations in populations of different ethnicities, heterogeneous histological subtypes, early-stage ovarian cancer as well as other malignancies. However, these observations warrant prospective validations in a larger population before clinical utilities. Table 1. Performance for TEPs in public pan-cancer datasets. Disease n Healthy Control AUC, area under the curve (95% CI) Women NSCLC (non-small-cell lung cancer) 126 77 0.758 (0.691-0.825) Breast cancer 38 77 0.817 (0.726-0.909) Colorectal cancer 18 77 0.973 (0.945-1.000) Pancreatic cancer 16 77 0.993 (0.981-1.000) Glioblastoma 10 77 0.923 (0.831-1.000) Men NSCLC 119 82 0.746 (0.677-0.815) Colorectal cancer 25 82 0.933 (0.884-0.982) Pancreatic cancer 22 82 0.993 (0.984-1.000) Glioblastoma 19 82 0.981 (0.959-1.000) All NSCLC 245 159 0.774 (0.728-0.820) Colorectal cancer 40 159 0.978 (0.961-0.996) Breast cancer 38 159 0.821 (0.736-0.906) Pancreatic cancer 35 159 0.987 (0.974-0.999) Glioblastoma 35 159 0.931 (0.890-0.972) Hepatobiliary carcinomas 14 159 0.991 (0.978-1.000) Citation Format: Yue Gao, Chun-Jie Liu, Hua-Yi Li, Xiao-Ming Xiong, Sjors G.j.g. In ‘t Veld, Gui-Ling Li, Jia-Hao Liu, Guang-Yao Cai, Gui-Yan Xie, Shao-Qing Zeng, Yuan Wu, Jian-Hua Chi, Qiong Zhang, Xiao-Fei Jiao, Lin-Li Shi, Wan-Rong Lu, Wei-Guo Lv, Xing-Sheng Yang, Jurgen M.j. Piek, Cornelis D de Kroon, C.a.r. Lok, Anna Supernat, Sylwia Łapińska-Szumczyk, Anna Łojkowska, Anna J. Żaczek, Jacek Jassem, Bakhos A. Tannous, Nik Sol, Edward Post, Myron G. Best, Bei-Hua Kong, Xing Xie, Ding Ma, Thomas Wurdinger, An-Yuan Guo, Qing-Lei Gao. Platelet RNA signature enables early and accurate detection of ovarian cancer: An intercontinental, biomarker identification study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr LB168.

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Cheng, Ying, Jie Wang, Caicun Zhou, Wenxiu Yao, Qiming Wang, Xuhong Min, Gongyan Chen, et al. "Abstract CT038: Adebrelimab or placebo plus carboplatin and etoposide as first-line treatment for extensive-stage SCLC: A phase 3 trial." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): CT038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-ct038.

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Abstract Introduction: Extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) is associated with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Immunotherapy has recently showed robust clinical activity in ES-SCLC. In this double-blind, phase 3 trial, we evaluated adebrelimab (SHR-1316), a novel anti-PD-L1 antibody, in combination with standard chemotherapy (chemo) as first-line treatment for ES-SCLC. Methods: Patients naïve to systemic treatment for ES-SCLC were randomized 1:1 to receive 4-6 cycles of adebrelimab (20 mg/kg, iv, d1, q3w) or placebo with carboplatin (AUC 5, d1, q3w) plus etoposide (100 mg/m2, d1, d2, d3, q3w), followed by maintenance therapy with adebrelimab or placebo. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Results: 462 patients were randomized and treated (adebrelimab+chemo, n=230; placebo+chemo, n=232). As of Oct 08, 2021, with an median follow-up of 13.5 mo (all patients; 22.5 mo for patients alive), OS was significantly prolonged with adebrelimab+chemo vs placebo+chemo (median, 15.3 mo [95% CI 13.2-17.5] vs 12.8 mo [95% CI 11.3-13.7]; hazard ratio [HR], 0.72 [95% CI 0.58-0.90], 1-sided p=0.0017); OS rate was 62.9% vs 52.0% at 12 mo and 31.3% vs 17.2% at 24 mo. Progression-free survival (PFS) per independent review committee (IRC) was 5.8 mo (95% CI 5.6-6.9) with adebrelimab+chemo vs 5.6 mo (95% CI 5.5-5.7) with placebo+chemo (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.54-0.83); PFS rate was 49.4% vs 37.3% at 6 mo and 19.7% vs 5.9% at 12 mo. Objective response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DoR) also favored the adebrelimab+chemo group (Table 1). Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 85.7% vs 84.9% of patients with adebrelimab+chemo vs placebo+chemo, with the most common (frequency ≥5%) being hematological toxicities in both groups. Conclusions: The addition of adebrelimab to chemotherapy significantly improved OS with an acceptable safety profile, supporting this combination as a new first-line treatment option for ES-SCLC. Efficacy outcomes Adebrelimab+Chemo (n=230) Placebo+Chemo (n=232) Median OS (95% CI), mo 15.3 (13.2-17.5) 12.8 (11.3-13.7) HR (95% CI)*, 1-sided log-rank p 0.72 (0.58-0.90); p=0.0017 12-mo OS rate (95% CI), % 62.9 (56.3-68.8) 52.0 (45.4-58.2) 24-mo OS rate (95% CI), % 31.3 (24.9-37.9) 17.2 (12.1-23.0) Median PFS (95% CI), mo 5.8 (5.6-6.9) 5.6 (5.5-5.7) HR (95% CI)*, 1-sided log-rank p 0.67 (0.54-0.83); p <0.0001 6-mo PFS rate (95% CI), % 49.4 (42.4-56.0) 37.3 (30.7-43.9) 12-mo PFS rate (95% CI), % 19.7 (14.5-25.5) 5.9 (3.1-10.1) IRC-assessed ORR (95% CI), % 70.4 (64.1-76.3) 65.9 (59.5-72.0) Median DoR (95% CI), mo 5.6 (4.6-6.7) 4.6 (4.3-5.5) *Stratified Cox proportional-hazards model Citation Format: Ying Cheng, Jie Wang, Caicun Zhou, Wenxiu Yao, Qiming Wang, Xuhong Min, Gongyan Chen, Xingxiang Xu, Xingya Li, Fei Xu, Yong Fang, Runxiang Yang, Guohua Yu, Youling Gong, Jun Zhao, Yun Fan, Quan Liu, Lejie Cao, Yu Yao, Yunpeng Liu, Xiaoling Li, Jingxun Wu, Zhiyong He, Kaihua Lu, Liyan Jiang, Huiqing Yu, Chengping Hu, Wenhua Zhao, Jian Zhao, Gang Wu, Dingzhi Huang, Chengshui Chen, Cuimin Ding, Baihong Zhang, Xiuwen Wang, Hui Luo, Baolan Li, Ben Zhang, Haowen Li, Ke Ma. Adebrelimab or placebo plus carboplatin and etoposide as first-line treatment for extensive-stage SCLC: A phase 3 trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr CT038.

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Meng, Yanhua, Wanqiang Zhong, Cunjia Liu, Jinya Su, Jiyuan Su, Yubin Lan, Zhiguo Wang, and Meimei Wang. "UAV spraying on citrus crop: impact of tank-mix adjuvant on the contact angle and droplet distribution." PeerJ 10 (March 11, 2022): e13064. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13064.

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Adding tank-mix adjuvants into the spray mixture is a common practice to improve droplet distribution for field crops (e.g., rice, wheat, corn, etc.) when using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) sprayers. However, the effectiveness of tank-mix adjuvant for UAV spraying in orchard crops is still an open problem, considering their special canopy structure and leaf features. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a typical tank-mix adjuvant concentrations (i.e., Nong Jian Fei (NJF)) on Contact Angle (CA) and droplet distribution in the citrus tree canopy. Three commonly used parameters, namely dynamic CA, droplet coverage, and Volume Median Diameter (VMD), are adopted for performance evaluation. The dynamic CAs on the adaxial surface of citrus leaves, for water-only and NJF-presence sprays, respectively, are measured with five concentration levels, where three replications are performed for each concentration. The sprays with 0.5‰ NJF are adopted in the field experiment for evaluating droplet distributions, where Water Sensitive Papers (WSPs) are used as collectors. Two multi-rotor UAVs (DJI T20 and T30) which consist of different sizes of pesticide tanks and rotor diameters are used as the spraying platforms. Both water-only and NJF-presence treatments are conducted for the two UAVs, respectively. The results of the CA experiment show that NJF addition can significantly reduce the CAs of the sprays. The sprays with 0.5‰ NJF obtain the lowest CA within the observing time, suggesting a better spread ability on solid surface (e.g., WSPs or/and leaves). With respect to the effects of NJF addition on individual UAVs, the field trial results indicate that NJF addition can remarkably increase both the droplet coverage and VMD at three canopy layers, except for T30 droplet coverage of the inside and bottom layers. Comparing the difference of droplet coverage between two UAVs, while significant difference is found in the same layer before NJF addition, there is no notable difference appearing in the outside and bottom layers after NJF addition. The difference of VMD in the same layer between two UAVs is not affected by NJF addition except for the bottom layer. These results imply that the differences of droplet coverage among different UAVs might be mitigated, thus the droplet distribution of some UAVs could be improved by adding a tank-mix adjuvant into the sprays. This hypothesis is verified by investigating the droplet penetration and the correlation coefficient (CC) of droplet coverage and VMD. After NJF addition, the total percentage of T20 droplet coverage in the bottom and inside layers is increased by 5%. For both UAVs, the CCs indicate that both droplet coverage and VMD increase at the same time in most cases after NJF addition. In conclusion, the addition of a tank-mix adjuvant with the ability to reduce CA of the sprays, can effectively improve droplet distribution using UAV spraying in the citrus canopy by increasing droplet coverage and VMD.

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Wu, Jiong, Zhenzhen Liu, Hongjian Yang, Jinhai Tang, Kun Wang, Yunjiang Liu, Haibo Wang, et al. "Abstract PD8-08: Pyrotinib in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel as neoadjuvant treatment for HER2-positive early or locally advanced breast cancer (PHEDRA): A randomized, double-blind, multicenter, phase 3 study." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): PD8–08—PD8–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-pd8-08.

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Abstract Background: Pyrotinib (an irreversible pan-ErbB inhibitor) plus capecitabine have shown clinically and statistically meaningful progression free survival and overall survival benefits and acceptable tolerability in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer in phase 3 study. We compared the efficacy and safety of adding pyrotinib to trastuzumab and docetaxel vs placebo, trastuzumab and docetaxel as neoadjuvant treatment in women with HER2-positive early or locally advanced breast cancer (ABC) in this randomized, double-blind, multicenter, phase 3 study. Methods: Treatment naive patients with HER2-positive early or locally ABC (T2-3, N0-3, M0) were randomly assigned (1:1) to pyrotinib arm receiving 4 neoadjuvant cycles of pyrotinib (400 mg po qd, d1-21, q3w), trastuzumab (8 mg/kg iv, cycle 1 d1, then 6 mg/kg d1 q3w) and placebo arm with docetaxel (100 mg/m2 iv d1, q3w) or placebo, trastuzumab and docetaxel. Randomization was done via a centralized interactive web-response system and stratified by primary tumor size (>2 cm and ≤5cm, or >5cm) and hormone receptor status (ER positive and/or PR positive, or negative for both). After surgery, patients received 3 cycles of intravenous fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide followed by anti-cancer treatment (anti-HER2 therapy, radiotherapy, or endocrine therapy) at physicians’ discretion in accordance with clinical practice guidelines. The primary endpoint was total pCR rate (tpCR; defined as absence of any residual invasive cancer in the breast and lymph nodes [ypT0/is, ypN0]), assessed by an independent review committee (IRC). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03588091. The data cutoff date was April 30, 2021. Results: Between July 23, 2018 and January 8, 2021, a total of 355 patients were randomized (pyrotinib arm, n=178; and placebo arm, n=177; mean [SD] age, 48.8 [9.4] years). Baseline demographics and disease characteristics were well balanced. In the full analysis set, IRC-assessed tpCR rates were 41.0% (73 of 178) in the pyrotinib arm and 22.0% (39 of 177) in the placebo arm (difference, 19.0% [95% CI, 9.5%-28.4%]; one-sided P<0.0001). The local pathologist-assessed tpCR rates were 44.4% (79 of 178) and 24.3% (43 of 177) in the pyrotinib arm and the placebo arm, respectively. Incidence of grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) was 71.3% (127 of 178) in the pyrotinib arm and 37.3% (66 of 177) in the placebo arm. Of the most-common grade ≥3 AEs (≥5% of patients in either arm), the incidences of diarrhea (79 of 178 [44.4%] vs 9 of 177 [5.1%]), decreased WBC count (29 of 178 [16.3%] vs 24 of 177 [13.6%]), vomiting (23 of 178 [12.9%] vs 2 of 177 [1.1%]), anemia (11 of 178 [6.2%] vs 2 of 177 [1.1%]), and hypokalemia (9 of 178 [5.1%] vs 0) were higher in the pyrotinib arm compared with the placebo arm. Grade 3 diarrhea occurred mainly during the first treatment cycle and decreased in the second cycle and thereafter. No grade 4 or 5 diarrheas occurred. The median duration per grade 3 episode was 2.0 days and median cumulative duration of grade 3 episodes was 4.0 days. Only 1 patient (1 of 178 [0.6%]) in the pyrotinb arm experienced diarrhea-related discontinuation. Serious AEs were reported in 14.6% of patients (26 of 178) in the pyrotinib arm and 6.8% of patients (12 of 177) in the placebo arm. Conclusions: Pyrotinib, trastuzumab, and docetaxel as neoadjuvant treatment achieved a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in IRC-assessed tpCR rate for patients with HER2-positive early or locally ABC compared with placebo, trastuzumab, and docetaxel, with an acceptable and manageable safety profile. These findings support pyrotinib, trastuzumab, and docetaxel as a new neoadjuvant treatment option in this patient population. Citation Format: Jiong Wu, Zhenzhen Liu, Hongjian Yang, Jinhai Tang, Kun Wang, Yunjiang Liu, Haibo Wang, Peifen Fu, Shuqun Zhang, Qiang Liu, Zefei Jiang, Shusen Wang, Jian Huang, Chuan Wang, Shu Wang, Yongsheng Wang, Linlin Zhen, Xiaoyu Zhu, Fei Wu, Tao Zhang, Jianjun Zou. Pyrotinib in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel as neoadjuvant treatment for HER2-positive early or locally advanced breast cancer (PHEDRA): A randomized, double-blind, multicenter, phase 3 study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD8-08.

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Jiao, Fei, Ali Naderi, Dan Zhao, Joshua Schlueter, Maryam Shahi, Jonas Sundström, Hjalmar Granberg, et al. "Correction: Ionic thermoelectric paper." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 37 (2017): 20053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta90197f.

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Jiang, Wei-Dan, Lin Feng, Yang Liu, Jun Jiang, and Xiao-Qiu Zhou. "Growth, digestive capacity and intestinal microflora of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpiovar. Jian) fed graded levels of dietary inositol." Aquaculture Research 40, no. 8 (May 2009): 955–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02191.x.

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Yang, Benlong, Jiong Wu, Zhenzhen Liu, Hongjian Yang, Jinhai Tang, Kun Wang, Yunjiang Liu, et al. "Abstract P5-18-06: Proactive diarrhea management improved tolerability of pyrotinib in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel in patients with HER2+ early or locally advanced breast cancer: Exploratory analysis from randomized, double-blind, phase 3 PHEDRA study." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): P5–18–06—P5–18–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p5-18-06.

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Abstract Background: Diarrhea is a common side effect of many anti-cancer treatments, including chemotherapeutic agents, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and pelvic radiotherapy. PHEDRA was a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, phase 3 study comparing the efficacy and safety of adding pyrotinib (an irreversible pan-ErbB inhibitor) to trastuzumab and docetaxel (pyrotinib arm) vs placebo, trastuzumab, and docetaxel (placebo arm) as neoadjuvant treatment in women with HER2+ early or locally advanced breast cancer (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03588091). We conducted this exploratory analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of proactive diarrhea management (PDM) according to the recommendation from independent data monitoring committee. Methods: Between July 23, 2018 and January 8, 2021, 355 patients were enrolled and randomized, of whom 212 and 143 patients were randomized before and after the implementation of PDM strategy. The diarrhea management strategy was strengthened with the early identification and proactive management of diarrhea, including use of loperamide as first choice of antidiarrheal agents and strict application of loperamide recommended dose (4 mg initially and an additional 2 mg following each diarrhea stool, not exceeding 16 mg/day). Primary prophylaxis with loperamide was not allowed. The incidence, severity, onset, and duration of diarrhea were summarized. The data cutoff date was April 30, 2021. Results: Of all 178 patients with pyrotinib arm, there were 43 (40.6%) and 56 (77.8%) patients applied loperamide as the first choice of antidiarrheal agents before and after the PDM implementation, respectively. The incidence of grade 3 diarrhea has decreased from 50.0% before the PDM implementation to 36.1% after the PDM implementation (Table 1). During neoadjuvant treatment period, grade 3 diarrhea mainly occurred during the first cycle of treatment for both treatment arms (C1: 20.8%), showing a sharp decreased trend during the following cycles (C2: 8.7%; C3: 5.4%; C4: 4.5%). Furthermore, among patients with pyrotinib arm, the incidences of grade 3 diarrhea in the first, second cycle and thereafter were lower in patients enrolled after the implementation of PDM than those enrolled before the PDM implementation (C1: 29.2%. vs 44.3%; C2: 10.1% vs 21.8%; C3: 7.2% vs 14.1%; C4: 4.5% vs 11.1%). Among patients with pyrotinib, compared with those enrolled before the PDM implementation, the median duration per diarrhea episode (4 days [IQR, 2-9] vs 2 days [1-5]), median duration per grade 3 diarrhea episode (2 days [IQR, 2-3] vs 2 days [1-2]), and median cumulative duration of grade 3 diarrhea (6 days [IQR, 3-9] vs 2 [2-5] days) were shortened in those enrolled after the PDM implementation. During neoadjuvant treatment period, 31 (17.4%) patients experienced diarrhea leading to pyrotinib dose reduction, and only 1 (0.6%) patient discontinued study treatment due to diarrhea in the pyrotinib arm. Conclusion: Pyrotinib tolerability was improved with PDM, which reduced the incidence and duration of grade 3 diarrhea. Grade 3 diarrhoea occurred mainly during the first cycle of treatment and reduced in the second cycle and thereafter. Diarrhea in the pyrotinib group was characterized by early onset and short duration and was generally manageable. Table 1.Characteristics of treatment-emergent diarrheaBEFORE the implementation of PDMAFTER the implementation of PDMPyrotinib+Trastuzumab+Docetaxel(N=106)Placebo+Trastuzumab+Docetaxel(N=106)Pyrotinib+Trastuzumab+Docetaxel(N=72)Placebo+Trastuzumab+Docetaxel(N=71)Diarrhea incidence, n (%)All grade106 (100.0)57 (53.8)72 (100.0)36 (50.7)Grade 112 (11.3)32 (30.2)7 (9.7)28 (39.4)Grade 241 (38.7)18 (17.0)39 (54.2)6 (8.5)Grade 353 (50.0)7 (6.6)26 (36.1)2 (2.8)Cycle 147 (44.3)4 (3.8)21 (29.2)2 (2.8)Cycle 222 (21.8)2 (1.9)7 (10.1)0Cycle 314 (14.1)05 (7.2)0Cycle 411 (11.1)2 (1.9)3 (4.5)0Grade 4 or 50000Median time to the first onset, days (IQR)All grade4 (2 to 5)7 (4 to 28)3 (2 to 4)6 (5 to 12)Grade 39 (5 to 11)16 (7 to 24)9 (6 to 12)11 (6 to 16)Median duration per diarrhea episode, days (IQR)All grade4 (2 to 9)2 (2 to 4)2 (1 to 5)2 (1 to 3)Grade 32 (2 to 3)2 (2 to 2)2 (1 to 2)1 (1 to 1)Median cumulative duration, days (IQR)Grade 36 (3 to 9)2 (2 to 3)2 (2 to 5)1 (1 to 1)Median time since the first onset to recovery, days (IQR)All grade7 (3 to 12)2 (2 to 4)3 (1 to 10)2 (1 to 4)Note: PDM, proactive diarrhea management; IQR, interquartile range. Citation Format: Benlong Yang, Jiong Wu, Zhenzhen Liu, Hongjian Yang, Jinhai Tang, Kun Wang, Yunjiang Liu, Haibo Wang, Peifen Fu, Shuqun Zhang, Qiang Liu, Zefei Jiang, Shusen Wang, Jian Huang, Chuan Wang, Shu Wang, Yongsheng Wang, Linlin Zhen, Fei Wu, Shulin Liu, Xiang Lin, Jianjun Zou. Proactive diarrhea management improved tolerability of pyrotinib in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel in patients with HER2+ early or locally advanced breast cancer: Exploratory analysis from randomized, double-blind, phase 3 PHEDRA study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-18-06.

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WEN, Z. P., L. FENG, J. JIANG, Y. LIU, and X. Q. ZHOU. "Immune response, disease resistance and intestinal microflora of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) fed graded levels of pantothenic acid." Aquaculture Nutrition 16, no. 4 (June 15, 2009): 430–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00686.x.

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TAN, L. N., L. FENG, Y. LIU, J. JIANG, W. D. JIANG, K. HU, S. H. LI, and X. Q. ZHOU. "Growth, body composition and intestinal enzyme activities of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) fed graded levels of dietary zinc." Aquaculture Nutrition 17, no. 3 (September 23, 2010): 338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2010.00793.x.

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Dong, M., L. Feng, S. Y. Kuang, Y. Liu, J. Jiang, K. Hu, W. D. Jiang, S. H. Li, L. Tang, and X. Q. Zhou. "Growth, body composition, intestinal enzyme activities and microflora of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpiovar. Jian) fed graded levels of dietary valine." Aquaculture Nutrition 19, no. 1 (April 2, 2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00926.x.

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Alina AFONASYEVA. "Chinese Diaspora Policy From Jiang Zemin to Xi Jinping (Part 2)." Far Eastern Affairs 49, no. 003 (September 30, 2021): 116–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21557/fea.70766592.

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Alina AFONASYEVA. "Chinese Diaspora Policy From Jiang Zemin to Xi Jinping (Part 1)." Far Eastern Affairs 49, no. 003 (September 30, 2021): 100–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.21557/fea.70766591.

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XIE, N. B., L. FENG, Y. LIU, J. JIANG, W. D. JIANG, K. HU, S. H. LI, and X. Q. ZHOU. "Growth, body composition, intestinal enzyme activities and microflora of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) fed graded levels of dietary phosphorus." Aquaculture Nutrition 17, no. 6 (May 17, 2011): 645–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00867.x.

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Karetzky, Patricia. "Four Artists from Beijing: Li Hong, Feng Jyali, Cai Jin, Xing Fei." Woman's Art Journal 23, no. 2 (2002): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1358705.

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XIAO, W. W., L. FENG, S. Y. KUANG, Y. LIU, J. JIANG, W. D. JIANG, K. HU, S. H. LI, L. TANG, and X. Q. ZHOU. "Lipid peroxidation, protein oxidant and antioxidant status of muscle and serum for juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) fed grade levels of methionine hydroxy analogue." Aquaculture Nutrition 18, no. 1 (June 29, 2011): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00881.x.

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Jiang, Wei-Dan, Lin Feng, Yang Liu, Jun Jiang, Kai Hu, Shu-Hong Li, and Xiao-Qiu Zhou. "Lipid peroxidation, protein oxidant and antioxidant status of muscle, intestine and hepatopancreas for juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) fed graded levels of myo-inositol." Food Chemistry 120, no. 3 (June 2010): 692–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.10.062.

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Yu, Chamseul, and Yiyeon Kim. "The Effects of FDI on International Conflict: Controling the Effects of Trade." Journal of international area studies 23, no. 4 (October 31, 2019): 3–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18327/jias.2019.10.23.4.3.

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Yoon, Sungwook, and Handara Lee. "An Analysis of Chinese Factors in the Introduction of the FDI Screening Framework of the European Union." Journal of international area studies 24, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18327/jias.2020.1.24.1.3.

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DING, GUO-HUA, ZHI-QIANG CHEN, YUN TANG, WEI-CHENG ZHENG, and XIANG JI. "The advertisement call of the moustache toad Leptobrachium liui Pope, 1947 (Anura: Megophryidae) from eastern China." Zootaxa 4732, no. 4 (February 14, 2020): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4732.4.8.

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The Leptobrachium genus is currently composed of 36 species distributed in Southern China, India, islands of the Sunda Shelf, and the Philippines (Frost 2019). In China, 11 species of the genus Leptobrachium are currently known (AmphibiaChina 2019), of which, the following nine are Chinese endemic: L. bompu (Sondhi & Ohler 2011), L. boringii (Liu 1945), L. guangxiense (Fei, Mo, Ye & Jiang 2009), L. hainanense (Ye & Fei 1993), L. huashen (Fei & Ye 2005), L. leishanense (Liu & Hu 1973), L. liui (Pope 1947), L. promustache (Rao, Wilkinson & Zhang 2006) and L. tengchongense (Yang, Wang & Chan 2016). These species have different morphologies, narrow distribution areas, and their taxonomy is subject to controversy (AmphibiaChina 2019). The megophryid genus Leptobrachium was considered to contain two subgenera Vibrissaphora and Leptobrachium (Matsui et al. 2010). Five Leptobrachium species, L. ailaonicum, L. boringii, L. leishanense, L. liui, and L. promustache, were originally classified as Vibrissaphora, based on adult males bearing spines on the upper lip (Fei & Ye 2016). However, recent phylogenetic studies showed that Vibrissaphora was not a subgenus and placed within the genus Leptobrachium (Zheng et al. 2008; Matsui et al. 2010).

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Chen, Gangfu, Lin Feng, Shengyao Kuang, Yang Liu, Jun Jiang, Kai Hu, Weidan Jiang, Shuhong Li, Ling Tang, and Xiaoqiu Zhou. "Effect of dietary arginine on growth, intestinal enzyme activities and gene expression in muscle, hepatopancreas and intestine of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpiovar. Jian)." British Journal of Nutrition 108, no. 2 (October 21, 2011): 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511005459.

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The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that dietary arginine promotes digestion and absorption capacity, and, thus, enhances fish growth. This improvement might be related to the target of rapamycin (TOR) and eIF4E-binding protein (4E-BP). A total of 1200 juvenile Jian carp,Cyprinus carpiovar. Jian, with an average initial weight of 6·33 (se0·03) g, were fed with diets containing graded concentrations of arginine, namely, 9·8 (control), 12·7, 16·1, 18·5, 21·9 and 24·5 g arginine/kg diet for 9 weeks. An real-time quantitative PCR analysis was performed to determine the relative expression of TOR and 4E-BP in fish muscle, hepatopancreas and intestine. Dietary arginine increased (P < 0·05): (1) glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase activities in muscle and hepatopancreas; (2) intestine and hepatopancreas protein content, folds height, and trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, Na+/K+-ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and creatine kinase activities in intestine; (3)Lactobacilluscounts; (4) relative expression of TOR in the muscle, hepatopancreas and distal intestine (DI); (5) relative expression of 4E-BP in proximal intestine (PI) and mid-intestine (MI), as compared with the control group. In contrast, dietary arginine reduced (P < 0·05): (1) plasma ammonia content; (2)Aeromonas hydrophilaandEscherichia colicounts; (3) relative expression of TOR in PI and MI; (4) relative expression of 4E-BP in the muscle, hepatopancreas and DI. The arginine requirement estimated by specific growth rate using quadratic regression analysis was found to be 18·0 g/kg diet. These results indicate that arginine improved fish growth, digestive and absorptive ability and regulated the expression ofTORand4E-BPgenes.

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Chen, Jengfang, Rong-Ruey Duh, and Kuei-Fu Li. "Does Fee Disclosure Type Matter? Evidence from Price Adjustment in the Audit Market of Taiwan." Journal of International Accounting Research 18, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 41–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jiar-52573.

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ABSTRACT While mandatory audit fee disclosure makes fee information transparent, there have been concerns about the impact of price adjustment on audit quality. Taking advantage of a regulatory change in Taiwan that required public companies to disclose audit fee but allowed two alternative disclosure forms (amount disclosure or range disclosure), this study investigates the impact of the fee disclosure form on price adjustment and the influence of such adjustment on audit quality. Using a dataset including audit fees under the two disclosure forms, we find that, for overcharged companies, the downward adjustment is larger for amount disclosure companies than range disclosure companies and such downward adjustment increase discretionary accruals in amount disclosure companies but not for range disclosure companies. Our study helps understand the impact of different fee disclosure forms on price adjustment and audit quality, which should be of interest to regulators and financial statement users in Taiwan and beyond.

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Fernández-Costales, Alberto. "On the sociolinguistics of video games localisation." Journal of Internationalization and Localization 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 120–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jial.00001.fer.

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Abstract This paper addresses the localization of video games into minority languages by presenting a qualitative study which reports on interviews with professional game localizers and translation scholars from bilingual territories in Spain: the Balearic Islands, the Basque Country, Catalonia, Galicia, and the Valencian Community. The article argues that sociolinguistics has been largely ignored within the emerging field of video game translation, and the implications of and the need to adapt video games into minority languages deserves further investigation. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were held with 5 experts aiming to recall their perceptions and views of the current situation of game localisation in Spain. The analysis of the interviews suggests there is a mismatch between the current reality of video game localisation, which is clearly market-driven, and the scenario for language diversity developed in the European Union and in Spain in the last few decades.

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Jung, Hye-Young. "China’s Outward FDI as Economic Diplomacy : Focusing on CLMV." Journal of international area studies 21, no. 3 (July 31, 2017): 95–137. http://dx.doi.org/10.18327/jias.2017.07.21.3.95.

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Kim, Seung-Nyeon, and Sangjik Lee. "FDI and Intra-industry Trade in Korean Automotive Industry." Journal of international area studies 24, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 191–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.18327/jias.2020.7.24.3.191.

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Choi, Yoon Kook. "Changes of paradigm of investment and cooperation in Latin America: FDI basis." Journal of international area studies 9, no. 2 (July 31, 2005): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.18327/jias.2005.07.9.2.257.

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Won, Chong Keun. "A Study on the Comparison of the FDI Environment between China and Vietnam." Journal of international area studies 11, no. 1 (April 30, 2007): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.18327/jias.2007.04.11.1.143.

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YEUNG, HO YUEN, and JIAN-HUAN YANG. "Acoustic characteristics of the island-endemic Parapelophryne scalpta (Anura: Bufonidae) from Hainan Island, China." Zootaxa 4890, no. 2 (December 2, 2020): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4890.2.11.

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The Hainan Pygmy Toad Parapelophryne scalpta (Liu & Hu) is the single species of the genus Parapelophryne Fei, Ye & Jiang in the Family Bufonidae (Frost 2020) and is endemic to China’s Hainan Island, which lies within the tropics at 18°09′–20°10′N, 108°37′–111°03′E, with a land area of ca. 33,900 km2. The taxonomy status of this species has obtained much debates since its discovery: it was originally described by Liu et al. (1973) as a member of the genus Nectophryne Buchholz & Peters then allocated to Pelophryne Barbour by Ye & Fei (1978). On the basis of its unique morphological characters, Fei et al. (2003) erected a new genus Parapelophryne to discriminate P. scalpta from other bufonids. Some researchers, however, still listed the species under the genus Pelophryne (Stuart et al. 2008; Shi et al. 2011). Recently, the validity of the genus Parapelophryne is further confirmed by Matsui et al. (2015) on the basis of molecular analyses. Interestingly enough, Matsui et al. (2015)’s result showed that this extremely small-sized toad is a sister taxon of the large-sized toads of the genus Bufo Garsault, which is mainly distributed in temperate and subtropical regions of Eurasia (Frost 2020). Parapelophryne scalpta is a forest-dependent species and only inhabits in well-preserved evergreen broadleaf forests (Fei & Ye 2016). It is the smallest toad species in China with snout-vent length of 19–23 mm in adult males and 24–27 mm in females (Fei & Ye 2016). Due to their small size and elusive habits, little is known about the natural history of P. scalpta and its acoustic characteristics are still undocumented (Fei & Ye 2016). During a herpetological survey in Hainan in 2015, we luckily detected male calls of P. scalpta and obtained a short but clear record of the advertisement call of the species. Herein, we describe the acoustic characteristics and calling behavior of Parapelophryne scalpta.

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DING, GUO-HUA, ZHI-QIANG CHEN, YUN TANG, and ZHI-HUA LIN. "The advertisement call of Leptobrachella liui Fei and Ye, 1990 (Anura: Megophryidae)." Zootaxa 4576, no. 3 (April 3, 2019): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4576.3.11.

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Leptobrachella (Anura: Megophryidae) is currently composed of seventy-one species distributed in China and Southeast Asia (Frost 2018). Fourteen species of Leptobrachella are currently known from southern China: L. alpina (Fei, Ye & Li, 1990), L. laui (Sung, Yang & Wang, 2014), L. liui (Fei & Ye, 1990), L. mangshanensis (Hou, Zhang, Hu, Li, Shi, Chen, Mo & Wang, 2018), L. maoershanensis (Yuan, Sun, Chen, Rowley & Che, 2017), L. oshanensis (Liu, 1950), L. purpura (Yang, Zeng & Wang, 2018), L. tengchongensis (Yang, Wang, Chen & Rao, 2016), L. wuhuangmontis (Wang, Yang & Wang, 2018), L. yingjiangensis (Yang, Zeng & Wang, 2018), L. yunkaiensis (Wang, Li, Lyu & Wang, 2018), L. ventripunctata (Fei, Ye & Li, 1990), L. pelodytoides (Boulenger, 1893) and L. sungi (Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov & Ho, 1998) and the first eleven species are endemic of this region (AmphibiaChina 2018). Many new species in this genus were discovered based on molecular, morphometric and bioacoustic data in recent years (Frost 2018). In comparison to molecular and morphological data, bioacoustics is especially useful in species identification of Leptobrachella in field surveys (Rowley et al. 2016). Although the advertisement calls of many Leptobrachella species were described along with the species descriptions (e.g., Rowley et al. 2016), the advertisement calls of only three Chinese endemic species (L. alpinus; L. laui and L. oshanensis) are known (Jiang et al. 2002; Matsui 2006; Xu et al. 2005). Here, we describe the advertisement calls of L. liui, which inhabits rocky streams in southeastern China (Fujian, Jiangxi and Zhejinag) and is morphologically diagnosed by the combination of a set of external color traits (Fig. 1).

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Wang, Guohui. "Principle-guided Policy Experimentation in China: From Rural Tax and Fee Reform to Hu and Wen's Abolition of Agricultural Tax." China Quarterly 237 (November 27, 2018): 38–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741018001224.

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AbstractThe abolition of Agricultural Tax in 2005 was a major policy of the early Hu–Wen administration. But how and why did it happen? Drawing on abundant media reports, archive documents and internal speeches by key policymakers, as well as on the author's interviews, this article argues that this reform was pushed through (the “how”) by “principle-guided policy experimentation” with origins in the period of Jiang Zemin's leadership. Not only does this show policy continuities from the Jiang–Zhu era into the Hu–Wen period, it also reveals a different process of policy experimentation from that identified by Sebastian Heilmann in the economic policy arena. Under principle-guided policy experimentation, Chinese central decision makers first reached consensus on the principle of the Rural Tax and Fee Reform (RTFR) drawing on policy learning from prior bottom-up local experimentation, and then formulated and implemented an experimental programme from the top-down, funding it in order to encourage local governments to participate. The evidence suggests that international, political (rural instability), economic and fiscal considerations came to explain leaders’ decisions (the “why”) on tax reform as much as their individual preferences.

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Cui, Lin. "The Primacy of Institutional Explanation of Chinese Outward FDI: Is It Understated or Overstated?" Management and Organization Review 12, no. 3 (September 2016): 457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mor.2016.22.

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An institutional perspective has been increasingly adopted in recent studies to explain various aspects of internationalization activities of firms from emerging economies (Meyer & Peng, 2016; Peng, Wang, & Jiang, 2008), particularly China (Cui & Jiang, 2012; Morck, Yeung, & Zhao, 2008). Scholars often claim that the role of institutions in emerging economy firms’ internationalization is understated, hence more research is needed. In this commentary, which reflects on the intended contributions and theoretical and empirical issues of Buckley, Yu, Liu, Munjal, and Tao (2016), I aim to extend a discussion on whether and when such institutional explanations can be overstated. I focus on three issues: (1) conceptualization of institutions, (2) theorizing institutional effects, and (3) testing institutional effects. On each of these issues, I start by providing an overview of some common challenges in the literature. I then focus specifically on the paper as an illustration of how some of these challenges may be manifested. This is then followed by some recommendations for future research. Overall, I argue that pitfalls related to the conceptualization, theorizing and testing of institutional effects can lead researchers to overstate the institutional effects on firm strategic behaviors. These pitfalls can be avoided if researchers clarify the theoretical boundary of the institutional argument they adopt, properly model the institutional effects while taking into consideration other theoretically relevant constructs and mechanisms, and employ empirical design to overcome measurement errors and selection biases when testing not only the statistical significance, but also substantive (economic) significance of institutional effects.

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Singh, Richa. "Book Review: Pachinko by Min Jin Lee." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 10 (October 29, 2020): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i10.10804.

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Pachinko by Min Jin Lee is a saga of the trials and tribulations, joys and sorrows of a Korean family spanning from 1910 to 1989. Lee is a Korean-American author whose work engages with themes of the diasporic Korean identity. Pachinko was published in 2017 to critical acclaim and it was in the running for the National Book Award for Fiction. Pachinko is a historical novel and its panoramic gaze encompasses twentieth century Korea giving us a terrifyingly real account of Korean society from the Japanese colonization of Korea to the Second World War. The Financial Times wrote in their review of the book: “We never feel history being spoon-fed to us; it is wholly absorbed into character and story, which is no mean feat for a novel covering almost a century of history.” It is the first novel about Korean history and culture written for English language readers.

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Wiesinger, Michaela. "Feenreste: Zur latenten Feenhaftigkeit hofferner Frauenfiguren in Diu Crône Heinrichs von dem Türlin." Journal of the International Arthurian Society 6, no. 1 (September 25, 2018): 46–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jias-2018-0004.

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Zusammenfassung Es ist eine anerkannte Forschungsmeinung, dass im höfischen Roman in der Figur der Fee Reste keltischer Mythen bewahrt worden sind. In mittelhochdeutschen Texten ist das jedoch nur noch in sehr abgeschwächter Form sichtbar, da andersweltliche Frauenfiguren in höfischen Romanen meist in den Artushof integriert werden und damit ihr antagonistisches Potential und auch ihre Handlungsmacht verlieren. Entgegen der etablierten These, dass diese Integration unumkehrbar vonstattengeht, möchte dieser Aufsatz die Frage stellen, ob das in Texten, die mit mythischen Residuen spielen und sich durch eine Allgegenwärtigkeit des Wunderbaren auszeichnen, wirklich der Fall ist. Am Beispiel der Crône soll gezeigt werden, dass die Anderweltlichkeit der Frauenfiguren durch die Nähe zum Artushof nicht völlig aufgelöst, sondern lediglich in die Latenz verdrängt wird und unter bestimmten Bedingungen wieder reaktiviert werden kann. Armin Schulz folgend, wird die These aufgestellt, dass die Fee als Erzählfunktion viel stärker die Zeichnung der Frauenfiguren in der Crône prägt, als vordergründig ersichtlich ist.

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KUBO, Masayoshi, Michiyasu ODANI, Hiroyuki MINAKAMI, and Kazusei YAMAMOTO. "Investigation on Possibility of Distribution Fee Reduction by Shifting Distribution Center from Inland to Wharf." Journal of Japan Institute of Navigation 99 (1998): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9749/jin.99.109.

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Lin, Yi-Hung, and Hua-Wei (Solomon) Huang. "Eliminating the Form 20-F Reconciliation and Audit Pricing." Journal of International Accounting Research 16, no. 1 (November 1, 2016): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jiar-51637.

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ABSTRACT This study examines the impact of the Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC) policy in 2007 to eliminate the Form 20-F reconciliation requirements for foreign cross-listed firms following the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on audit pricing. We find that the elimination of this requirement decreases audit fees, and this fee decrease is less prominent when foreign cross-listed firms engage industry-specialist auditors. Our findings reinforce prior studies that found that managers of foreign cross-listed firms have a greater tendency to manage earnings when there is a need to reconcile earnings (Bradshaw, Bushee, and Miller 2004; Lang, Raedy, and Wilson 2006; Kang, Krishnan, Wolfe, and Yi 2012), and thus eliminating the Form 20-F reconciliation impedes managerial manipulation of earnings, decrease financial reporting risk, and audit fees. The results also provide direct evidence to support the SEC's (2007) claim that eliminating the Form 20-F reconciliation would reduce the preparation costs and regulatory burdens for foreign issuers.

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WANG, Ling, Katsuhiro HIGASHIURA, Nobuhiko TOGASHI, Shigeyuki SAITOH, Nobuyuki URA, and Kazuaki SHIMAMOTO. "Effects of the Chinese Medicine Jiang-Tang-Ke-Li on Insulin Resistance in Fructose-Fed Rats." Hypertension Research 24, no. 3 (2001): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1291/hypres.24.303.

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Meyer, Ulrike, and Elke Schuch. "Portfolio assessment of cultural intelligence in intercultural educational settings." Journal of Internationalization and Localization 4, no. 1 (December 31, 2017): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jial.4.1.01mey.

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Abstract The paper will outline a research project based on the analysis of diary entries written by a multinational cohort of German, Polish, Chinese and US-American Master students during a time span of 15 months as part of the course requirements for a module entitled “Applied Intercultural Communication” in the MA “International Management and Intercultural Communication / GlobalMBA”. The diary-writing project, which was started in 2013, is intended to serve two main purposes: For the students, the diaries will be a tool and personal “learning log” to gain greater awareness of their own cultural values and to critically reflect on the process of cultural adjustment (or lack thereof) and the experience of travelling, living and studying with a multinational cohort in four foreign countries. In this way, the diaries also represent a dynamic scenario of the students’ acculturation process at various points of their studies. We, as researchers, educators and program developers, want to explore how this experience-based approach allows us to chart a student’s development and attitudinal shifts from the beginning to the end of a 15-month program, both in terms of personal growth and intercultural learning. Consequently, the diaries are intended to serve as a tool to discover and assess which aspects of human experience are globally shared and observable and which areas require the students to undergo processes of cultural localization and adaption in order to function adequately in new cultural environments. Students are encouraged to observe, monitor and report on any culturally defined and “different” situation without being judgemental. Moreover, students are required to specifically report on the process of team/cohort building and on ways of dealing with criticism, disappointment, conflict and “Otherness”. The findings of our qualitative research will be fed back into the process of further curriculum integration and development.

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Chen, Jianxin, Huihui Zhao, Xueling Ma, Xiao Han, Liangtao Luo, Luya Wang, Jing Han, Bing Liu, and Wei Wang. "The Effects of Jiang-Zhi-Ning and Its Main Components on Cholesterol Metabolism." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/928234.

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To examine how Jiang-Zhi-Ning (JZN) regulates cholesterol metabolism and compare the role of its four main components. We established a beagle model of hyperlipidemia, fed with JZN extract and collected JZN-containing serum 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h later. Human liver cells Bel-7402 were stimulated with 10% JZN-containing serum as well as the four main components of JZN and Atorvastatin. The mRNA expression of LDL receptor (LDL-R), 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoAR), cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1), and acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) was measured by real-time PCR. LDL-R surface expression and LDL-binding and internalization were examined by flow cytometry. The results showed that JZN-containing serum significantly increased the mRNA expression of LDL-R, HMG-CoAR, and CYP7A1 in Bel-7402 cells. All the four components significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of LDL-R and HMG-CoAR and decreased the mRNA and protein expression of ACAT2 in Bel-7402 cells. Hyperinand chrysophanol also markedly increased the mRNA expression of CYP7A1. Stimulation with stilbene glycosidesignificantly increased the surface expression of LDL-R and the binding and internalization of LDL. In conclusion, JZN and its four components have close relationship with the process of cholesterol metabolism, emphasizing their promising application as new drug candidates in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.

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Bourgon, Jérôme. "Le rôle des schémas divinatoires dans la codification du droit chinois. À propos du Commentaire du code des Jin par Zhang Fei." Extrême orient Extrême occident 21, no. 21 (1999): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/oroc.1999.1105.

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Zhong, Juan, Xiaoyong Zhang, Yanli Ren, Jie Yang, Hong Tan, and Jinyan Zhou. "Optimization of Bacillus subtilis cell growth effecting jiean-peptide production in fed batch fermentation using central composite design." Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 17, no. 3 (May 2014): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2014.04.010.

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Behrend, Matthew J., Sarfraz Khan, Young Woo Ko, and Sung-Jin Park. "Abnormal Audit Fees and Audit Quality: Evidence from the Korean Audit Market." Journal of International Accounting Research 19, no. 3 (April 22, 2020): 37–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jiar-18-053.

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ABSTRACT Do abnormally high or low audit fees reflect audit quality? In this paper, we re-examine this issue after controlling for the confounding effect of audit hours by using a sample of public firms in the Korean audit market, which publicly discloses both audit fees and audit hour information. While we do not find a significant association between abnormally high audit fees and audit quality, we find that abnormally low audit fees are associated with larger discretionary accruals and a higher likelihood of meeting or beating analyst earnings forecasts. Further, we find that the relationship between abnormally low audit fees and audit quality indicators persists regardless of the level of audit hours. To the extent that audit hours represent audit effort, these findings suggest that greater audit effort alone may not lead to higher audit quality as fee pressure from abnormally low fees may discourage the provision of high-quality audit services. JEL Classifications: M42; M48.

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Hsiao, S. S. Y., T. C. Hsu, J. w. Liu, X. Xie, Y. Zhang, J. Lin, H. Wang, et al. "Nitrification and its oxygen consumption along the turbid Chang Jiang River plume." Biogeosciences 11, no. 7 (April 14, 2014): 2083–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2083-2014.

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Abstract. Nitrification is a series of processes that oxidizes ammonia to nitrate, which contributes to hypoxia development in coastal oceans, especially in eutrophicated regions. The nitrification rate of bulk water (NRb) and particle free water (NRpf, particle > 3 μm eliminated) were determined along the Chang Jiang River plume in August 2011 by nitrogen isotope tracer technique. Measurements of dissolved oxygen (DO), community respiration rate (CR), nutrients, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), total suspended matter (TSM), particulate organic carbon/nitrogen (POC / PON), acid-leachable iron and manganese on suspended particles and both archaeal and β-proteobacterial ammonia monooxygenase subunit A gene (amoA) abundance on size-fractioned particles (> 3 μm and 0.22–3 μm) were conducted. The NRb ranged from undetectable up to 4.6 μmol L−1 day−1, peaking at a salinity of ~ 29. NRb values were positively correlated with ammonium concentration, suggesting the importance of substrate in nitrification. In the river mouth and the inner plume, NRb was much higher than NRpf, indicating that the nitrifying microorganism is mainly particle associated, which was supported by its significant correlation with amoA gene abundance and TSM concentration. The estimated oxygen demands of nitrification accounted for 0.32 to 318% of CR, in which 50% samples demanded more oxygen than that predicted by by the Redfield model (23%), indicating that oxygen might not be the sole oxidant though DO was sufficient (> 58 μmol kg−1) throughout the observation period. The excess nitrification-associated oxygen demand (NOD) showed a tendency to occur at lower DO samples accompanied by higher acid-leachable Fe / Mn, which implied reactive Fe3+ / Mn4+ may play a role as oxidant in the nitrification process. Stoichiometric calculation suggested that reactive Fe on particles was 10 times the oxidant demand required to complete ammonia oxidation in the entire plume. The potential involvement of reactive iron and manganese in the nitrification process in oxygenated water further complicated nitrogen cycling in the turbid river plume.

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Tsai, Dong-Ming, Jaw-Jou Kang, Shoei-Sheng Lee, San-Yuan Wang, I.-Lin Tsai, Guan-Yuan Chen, Hsiao-Wei Liao, Li Wei-Chu, Ching-Hua Kuo, and Y. Jane Tseng. "Metabolomic Analysis of Complex Chinese Remedies: Examples of Induced Nephrotoxicity in the Mouse from a Series of Remedies Containing Aristolochic Acid." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/263757.

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Aristolochic acid nephropathy is caused by aristolochic acid (AA) and AA-containing herbs. In traditional Chinese medicine, a principle called “Jun-Chen-Zou-Shi” may be utilized to construct a remedial herbal formula that attempts to mitigate the toxicity of the main ingredient. This study usedBu-Fei-A-Jiao-Tang(BFAJT) to test if the compound remedy based on a principle of “Jun-Chen-Zou-Shi” can decrease the toxicity of AA-containing herbs. We compared the three toxicities of AA standard,Madouling(anAristolochiaherb), and a herbal formula BFAJT. AA standard was given for BALB/c mice at a dose of 5 mg/kg bw/day or 7.5 mg/kg bw/day for 10 days.Madoulingand BFAJT were given at an equivalence of AA 0.5 mg/kg bw/day for 21 days. Nephrotoxicity was evaluated by metabolomics and histopathology. The urinary metabolomics profiles were characterized by1H NMR spectroscopy. The spectral data was analyzed with partial least squares discriminant analysis, and the significant differential metabolites between groups were identified. The result showed different degrees of acute renal tubular injuries, and metabolomics analysis found that the kidney injuries were focused in proximal renal tubules. Both metabolomics and pathological studies revealed that AA standard,Madouling, and BFAJT were all nephrotoxicants. The compositions of the compound remedy did not diminish the nephrotoxicity caused by AA.

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