Dissertations / Theses: 'Job loss and social status'

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Forster, Nick. "Economic and social change in the 1980's : a study of the effects of redundancy on a group of South Yorkshire steelworkers and their families." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1987. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/3664/.

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The research described in this thesis is an attempt to understand the changing nature of redundancy, chequered working lives and unemployment in modern Britain. It focuses in particular on the ways in which a specific group of industrial workers and their families have perceived, mediated and reacted to the upheavals redundancy has caused in their lives. Section I deals with the history of the research; the problems associated with qualitative work and argues the case for a critical neo- Veberian methodology, as opposed to a general reliance on neo-Marxist perspectives in sociology. Section II examines economic and social change in contemporary Britain, paying particular attention to the recent histories of B. S. C. and South Yorkshire. Section III analyses the various effects of redundancy and unemployment on the nation, the local area, the family and the individual and those factors which can assist in pro-active responses to job loss. Some suggestions for the development of a social-psychology of redundancy et alia are made. The main findings deal with the experiences of these families, which are discussed within a life course perspective and include an examination of the many variables which can influence people's behaviour in these situations such as: class; age; occupation; gender; and political and religious consciousness. Family level variables are critically important, in particular the differing degrees of equality within particular marriages and households. The final section makes a conscious effort to link together the 'public issues' and 'private troubles' of redundancy et; alia. These are qualitatively different from those of earlier periods in the Twentieth Century and provide a challenge to sociologists and policy makers, who have not come to terms with their impact. This research indicates that neo-Marxism cannot adequately explain these phenomena. Some suggestions are made for a Critical Humanism, drawing on the best of sociology's diverse images of the social world, as a means of understanding the macro and micro-social realities of redundancy, chequered working lives and unemployment in the 1930's.

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Seward, Hannah. "Socioeconomic status and weight loss behaviors." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3322.

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In the United States and many other countries, obesity is viewed as a public health crisis that must be handled. Many social and individual solutions to the problem are proposed in research and policy. On an individual level, many Americans try to get rid of their fat with a multitude of weight loss practices as part of a healthy lifestyle. Obesity rates, feelings towards fatness, and weight control behaviors are significantly affected by a number of sociocultural factors. In this project I explore the relationship between the desire to lose weight and weight control practices with income. Using data from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2010 (N=4,341), I explore how income is associated with body satisfaction and weight control behaviors. I then examine if specific weight loss strategies differ by SES among those who have tried to lose weight (N=1,512). Results indicate that income impacts the desire to lose weight, weight loss attempts (OR=.778, CI=.663-.913), and some weight control strategies such as exercise (OR=1.392, CI=1.055-1.836), switching to lower calorie foods (OR=1.364, CI=1.027-1.813), and eating less fat to lose weight (OR=1.449, CI=1.094-1.919). However, other sociodemographic characteristics, such as education, gender, and race, played very important roles in predicting these behaviors. Overall, these findings suggest that an individual’s socioeconomic status influences feelings about one’s weight and what one does to change it, but it is only one piece of the puzzle. This study has several implications; most notably that one-size-fits-all obesity solution policy platform cannot be created if real changes are expected. Tailoring interventions to specific groups based on education and income are important to creating lasting change.

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Rosenblum, Amy. "The Influence of Employment Status and Sex on Job Opportunities." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1544513.

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Millions of Americans are unemployed, looking for work, and hoping to secure job interviews. A job applicant's employment status and sex have the potential to influence hiring managers' judgments as to who is interviewed and, ultimately, hired. In this study, participants reviewed and evaluated fictitious job applicants' resumes. Six resumes which portrayed various combinations of applicant employment status (currently employed, short-term unemployed, long-term unemployed) and sex were developed. However, each participant was only asked to review one resume. Despite the resumes depicting different employment conditions, all of the job applicants had equivalent work experience relevant to the job for which they were applying. Results indicated that employment status and sex did not affect whether applicants were seen as possessing characteristics often associated with the unemployed. However, employment status and sex had a significant interaction when it came to hiring decisions. When making hiring decisions, long-term unemployed females were rated significantly less favorably than employed females, short-term unemployed females, and long-term unemployed males. The data suggest that the effects of unemployment may differ for males and females, and these factors may affect job opportunities. To hire the best employees, hiring managers need to be aware of their biases when making interview and hiring decisions because the factors on a resume can work together to impact these decisions.

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Coventry, T. L. "Loss of social status as an animal model of depression : an evaluation of validity." Thesis, Swansea University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636304.

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Synard, Jacqueline. "The Experience of Well-being Following Job Loss: A Case Study." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35246.

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Positive psychology has significantly advanced our understanding of well-being, yet there remains a need to better understand the how, what, and why of both positive and negative well-being. This study combined positive psychology and job loss perspectives to investigate the subjective experience of well-being following job loss. Using a qualitative-focused case study methodology, this three article dissertation explored the experiences of 20 workers who were displaced from the Ottawa, Canada technology sector from 2000-2006. The first article explored the experience of well-being from a bottom-up, naturalistic point of view and compared these inductive notions with existing a priori theories. Findings support integrated conceptualizations of hedonia and eudaimonia, while also potentially identifying new notions of well-being. Identified themes include (a) life evaluation, (b) transitory experiencing, (c) growth and grounding, (d) environmental mastery/stability, (e) mental ill-being/ill-health, and (f) motivational mindsets/conditions. This study showed well-being to be a rich, pluralistic construct. It included the non-dualistic notions of both subjectivity and objectivity, as well as encompassing notions related to the what and how of well-being. The second and third articles present inductively derived themes which helped to explain the relationship between job loss and well-being (i.e., the how and why). Three externally focused themes were reported in the second article: (a) systemic factors (e.g., broader business environment), (b) interpersonal factors (e.g., social support), and (c) chance (e.g., luck and serendipity). The third article identified two internally focused major themes: (a) differential coping responses and processes and (b) protective and sensitizing processes. Coping specifically consisted of problem-focused coping, meaning-making, attitudes and expectancies, behavioural processes, and emotional processes. Protective and sensitizing processes included identity and self-esteem, the impact of past adversity, and personal resources and characteristics. Implications for theory, research, and practice for both positive psychology and job loss are discussed. Keywords: positive psychology, job loss, unemployment, qualitative research, case study, hedonia, eudaimonia, coping, meaning, meaning-making, resilience, post-traumatic growth, social support, relationships, theory, processes

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Phillips, Roxine Denise. "Lived Experiences of Women Over 50 Who Have Experienced Involuntary Job Loss." ScholarWorks, 2015. http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1712.

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Both the short-term and long-term unemployment rates for older workers in the United States have increased significantly since the 2007 recession. Researchers who examine the impact of involuntary job loss have predominantly focused on the experiences of men. Limited prior research exists on the job loss experiences of women over 50 years of age compared to men. The goal of this study was to address this gap in knowledge by examining the lived experiences of women over 50 who had experienced involuntary job loss, the barriers faced to reemployment, and the ways women overcame the barriers to reemployment. A phenomenological design was employed to gather data from a convenience sample of 10 women in a northeastern metropolitan city. Guided by the frameworks of Bandura and Leana and Feldman, this transcendental approach aimed to capture the lived experiences of the women who incurred involuntary job loss. Data transcribed from audio-taped interviews were manually coded and aligned with the appropriate research question. The findings highlighted the emotions, finances, family and social life of women following job loss. The findings suggest women faced age discrimination, organizational practices, technological challenges, and stereotypical beliefs in their attempts toward reemployment. The results of the study can be used to inform organizational leaders of the need for greater emphasis on programs offering solutions to older female workers seeking reemployment. The study promotes potential positive social change by informing organizational leaders of the experiences of women over 50 who had experienced involuntary job loss.

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Haynes, Patricia L., Graciela E. Silva, George W. Howe, Cynthia A. Thomson, Emily A. Butler, Stuart F. Quan, Duane Sherrill, et al. "Longitudinal assessment of daily activity patterns on weight change after involuntary job loss: the ADAPT study protocol." BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625975.

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Background: The World Health Organization has identified obesity as one of the most visible and neglected public health problems worldwide. Meta-analytic studies suggest that insufficient sleep increases the risk of developing obesity and related serious medical conditions. Unfortunately, the nationwide average sleep duration has steadily declined over the last two decades with 25% of U.S. adults reporting insufficient sleep. Stress is also an important indirect factor in obesity, and chronic stress and laboratory-induced stress negatively impact sleep. Despite what we know from basic sciences about (a) stress and sleep and (b) sleep and obesity, we know very little about how these factors actually manifest in a natural environment. The Assessing Daily Activity Patterns Through Occupational Transitions (ADAPT) study tests whether sleep disruption plays a key role in the development of obesity for individuals exposed to involuntary job loss, a life event that is often stressful and disrupting to an individual's daily routine. Methods: This is an 18-month closed, cohort research design examining social rhythms, sleep, dietary intake, energy expenditure, waist circumference, and weight gain over 18 months in individuals who have sustained involuntary job loss. Approximately 332 participants who lost their job within the last 3 months are recruited from flyers within the Arizona Department of Economic Security (AZDES) Unemployment Insurance Administration application packets and other related postings. Multivariate growth curve modeling will be used to investigate the temporal precedence of changes in social rhythms, sleep, and weight gain. Discussion: It is hypothesized that: (1) unemployed individuals with less consistent social rhythms and worse sleep will have steeper weight gain trajectories over 18 months than unemployed individuals with stable social rhythms and better sleep; (2) disrupted sleep will mediate the relationship between social rhythm disruption and weight gain; and (3) reemployment will be associated with a reversal in the negative trajectories outlined above. Positive findings will provide support for the development of obesity prevention campaigns targeting sleep and social rhythms in an accessible subgroup of vulnerable individuals.

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Armsden, Gay Gilbert. "Attachment to parents and peers in late adolescence : relationships to affective status, self-esteem and coping with loss, threat and challenge /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9015.

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Conforti, Alexandra. "Planning for Family and Career: Whose Job is it Anyway?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1012.

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This correlational study investigates traditional gender roles, self-efficacy for career and parenting, and socioeconomic status (SES), as they relate to university undergraduates’ planning for career and family and anticipation of work-family conflict regarding their future families. Unmarried, undergraduate women and men of varying socioeconomic status will complete an online survey consisting of several scales. Proposed results predict that women must often choose between career goals and family care, whereas men usually do not. Expectedly, women will show higher self-efficacy for parenting and increased anticipation of work-family conflict and planning for career and family compared to men. It is proposed that men will exhibit greater self-efficacy for career. Women of lower SES and women who aspire to obtain leadership positions at work will likely report higher anticipated work-family conflict. Those of lower SES will likely hold more traditional gender beliefs than the middle and upper SES groups, and men whose fathers helped in the home will likely have higher self-efficacy for their own parenting. The anticipated results indicate a discrepancy between men’s and women’s and those of differing SES’s planning for work and family. Women will tend to undertake an increased burden; however, a switch to more family-friendly workplace policies for men and women would likely help couples become more egalitarian in their division of family and career labor and planning.

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Berg, Josefin, and Sofia Börjeson. ""Vad jobbar du med?" : En kvalitativ studie av hur identitet och status är förankrat i yrkestitlar." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Sociologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-37382.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate if and how job titles come with status for individuals. It is also of interest to study whether job titles can be linked to the identity of the individual. To reach an answer to these questions, we have conducted eight semi-structured interviews with nine respondents who work within eight organizations with offices in the Stockholm region. All respondents belong to their respective organizations’ Human Resource department. The study is based on theories including Goffman (2009), Hinton (2003), Jenkins (2014) and as well as Ulfsdotter Eriksson and Flisbäck (2011) that touches upon identity, categorizing and status. Results show that job titles have a considerable impact on the individual’s identity and status. However we see tendencies of attempts to distance oneself which might cause the work title to become less significant in the identity and status process. All interviews clearly show that social structures are strongly connected with the individual’s identity and status.
Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om och i så fall hur yrkestitlar är statusbärande för individer. Det är även av intresse att studera om yrkestitlar kan kopplas samman med individens identitet. För att närma oss svar på detta har vi genomfört åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med nio respondenter som arbetar inom åtta olika organisationer som alla verkar inom Stockholmsområdet. Samtliga respondenter tillhör respektive organisations HR-avdelning. Studien utgår från teorier av bland annat Goffman (2009), Hinton (2003), Jenkins (2014) samt Ulfsdotter Eriksson och Flisbäck (2011), som berör identitet, kategorisering och status. Resultatet visar att yrkestiteln har en betydande roll för individens identitet och status. Vi ser dock tendenser till att försök görs att distansera sig vilket kan tyda på yrkestiteln kommer bli allt mindre betydande i identitets- och statusprocessen. Det framkommer tydligt i samtliga intervjuer att sociala strukturer är starkt sammankopplade med individens identitet och status.

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Catania-Opris, Celese. "Social Grief: A Grounded Theory of Utilizing Status Updates on Facebook as a Contemporary Ritual." NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dft_etd/18.

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The popular Social Networking Site, Facebook, offers its users the ability tocommunicate with others from all over the globe. Individuals can create a virtual identity for themselves enabling members to call, message, and locate others in a matter of seconds. The number of Facebook users appears to increase; yet, the number of members who die daily is not normally accounted. Facebook now permits the memorialization ofthe deceased’s profile. This allows members to continue commenting, sharing photos and videos, and visiting the deceased’s Facebook page. This trend led to the central question of this study, “What benefits, if any, are individuals receiving by utilizing Facebook status updates in order to cope with loss?” A gap in the literature exists pertaining to the creation of status updates for adults (25-64 years old) who have lost an immediate family member within the past year, as other studies have focused on adolescents’ and college students’ grieving processes on Facebook. As the principal investigator, I looked for what may or may not be different for individuals using Facebook status updates to cope after the loss of a loved one. I did so by interviewing seven participants, transcribing digital voice recordings, and using a grounded theory methodology to code and search for themes and patterns within the data. Participants were recruited using fliers, word of mouth, and emails sent to members of Nova Southeastern University. Findings from this study led to the discovery of the theory Social Grief after participants shared they received support, validation, and closure by using Facebook status updates to cope with the loss of an immediate family member.

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Xu, Yue. "The status of and associations between professional development, job satisfaction and anticipated jobretention of young faculty members in China's private colleges." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/74.

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The purpose of this study was to (a) determine which types of professional development (PD) opportunities exist for young faculty members in private colleges in China, the extent to which they participate in them, and their perceptions of how helpful each type is; (b) gauge faculty members' level of job satisfaction and anticipated job retention; and (c) measure the degree to which these perceptions of PD helpfulness, job satisfaction, and anticipated job retention are associated. An on-line survey was completed by 732 full-time faculty members in Shanghai, 35 years or younger, who responded to demographic items; job satisfaction items adapted from the Job Descriptive Index and the Job In General measures; anticipated job retention items; and a collection of items developed by the researcher regarding the availability of, participation in, and perceived helpfulness of various types of PD. Guskey (2000)'s theory of professional development provides the theoretical framework, identifying seven major PD models: training, study groups, mentoring, observation/assessment, involvement in a development/improvement process, inquiry/action research, and individually guided activities. Results of the study indicated that : 1) Guskey's (2000) model of professional development is widespread and applicable in Chinese private colleges although web-based learning should be added; 2) young faculty members in Shanghai's private colleges are least satisfied with pay and most satisfied with colleagues and supervision; 3) over half the faculty members agreed that they were thinking about moving to public colleges; 4) the helpfulness of professional development accounts for 30.1% of the variance (a large effect) in job satisfaction and 7.2% of the variance (a small-medium effect) in job retention, beyond that accounted for by salary and discipline; and, 5) there is an indirect effect of PD helpfulness perceptions on anticipated job retention via job satisfaction. Additional findings pertaining to specific types of PD are presented along with a discussion of the implications for practice and suggestions for further research. The extent to which a variety of types of PD being used in Shanghai are perceived to be helpful may be, in part, leading to increasing young faculty members' job satisfaction and anticipated retention in Chinese private colleges.

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Olsson, Avija. "Psykosociala faktorer i arbets- och privatliv och dess samband med olika stressrelaterade symtom samt psykisk ohälsa bland kvinnor och män : En tvärsnittstudie - vid fakulteten för hälso- och livsvetenskap." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-46489.

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Aim: The aim of the study was to analyse the psychosocial factors in work- and private life and its correlation with various stress-related symptoms and ill health among employees at a faculty at the Linnaeus University. The goal was also to analyze whether there was a gender difference in these health parameters associated with a difference in psychosocial work and home conditions between women and men. Method: Data were collected through a questionnaire were the responders answered questions about demand, control and social support which emanated from Karasek's demand control model. Their professional position was determined by their pay-and educational level in accordance with the theory of the social gradient of health. Stress was measured using "SCGP scale" and mental illness with the help of the ”General Health Qestionnarie.” Two regression analyses were conducted, the first to analyze the correlation between psychosocial factors and stress-related symptoms and the other to analyze the correlation between psychosocial factors and mental ilness. Results: High demand, low control, low social support and lower professional position had a strong relationship (p<0,000) with both stress-related symptoms ( R = 0,49) and mental illness ( R = 0,56) even after controlling for confounders.The strongest own relationship (when the overlap effects between different variables was taken into account) were found between high demands and stress-related symptoms (standardized beta 0.35) and high demands and mental illness (standardized beta 0.38). Conclusion: Due to the cross-sectional nature of the study causal inferences cannot be made. However the results showed that high demand, low control and low social support together had a strong correlation with stress-related ill-health. Furthermore, the study showed no gender differences in the psychosocial factors which is a likely explanation for the fact that there was no difference between men and women in neither stress related symptoms or mental illness. This is an important and positive finding because of the fact that the result indicates that differences in health between men and women is reduced when they have equal opportunities in work and private life.
Mål: Målet med studien var att analysera psykosociala faktorer i arbets- och privatliv och dess samband med stressrelaterad ohälsa bland de anställda på en fakultet vid Linnéuniversitetet. Målet var även att analysera huruvida det fanns en könskillnad i dessa hälsoparametrar kopplad till en skillnad i psykosociala förutsättningar mellan kvinnor och män. Metod: Data samlades in via en enkätstudie där de anställda fick svara på frågor kring krav, kontroll och socialt stöd vilka utgick från Karasek´s krav kontroll modell. Individernas plats i yrkeshierarkin avgjordes av deras lön samt utbildningsnivå i enlighet med teorin kring hälsans sociala gradient. De frågor som berörde hemarbete utgick ifrån tidigare forskning på området. Stress mättes med hjälp av ”SCGP scale”, en skala som mäter olika stressrelaterade symtom och psykisk ohälsa mättes med hjälp av ”General Health Qestionnarie”. Två regressionsanalyser genomfördes, den första regressionen analyserade samband mellan psykosociala faktorer och stressrelaterade symtom och den andra regressionen analyserade samband mellan psykosociala faktorer och psykisk ohälsa. Resultat: Höga krav, låg kontroll, lågt socialt stöd samt lägre yrkesposition hade tillsammans ett starkt samband, (p <0,001) med både stressrelaterade symtom (R = 0,49) och psykisk ohälsa (R = 0,56), även efter kontroll för confounders. Det starkaste egna sambandet (när överlappningseffekter mellan olika variabler tagits hänsyn till) återfanns mellan höga krav och stressrelaterade symtom (standardiserad beta 0,35) respektive höga krav och psykisk ohälsa (standardiserad beta 0,38). Konklusion: Resultatet visade att höga krav, låg kontroll, lågt socialt stöd samt lägre plats i yrkeshierarkin tillsammans hade ett starkt samband med stressrelaterade symtom samt psykisk ohälsa. På grund av studiens tvärsnittsdesign kan dock inte orsak och verkan säkerställas. Vidare visade studien inga könsskillnader i ovannämnda psykosociala faktorer vilket är en trolig förklaring till att det inte heller fanns någon skillnad mellan kvinnor och män i stressrelaterade symtom samt psykisk ohälsa. Detta är ett viktigt och positivt fynd då resultatet indikerar på att skillnader i ohälsa mellan kvinnor och män går att utjämna genom att skapa lika förutsättningar i arbets- och privatliv.

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Slaten-Thomson, Mellace. "A qualitative exploratory study of African American men's experiences and/or perceptions of class or racial discrimination in relation to their social and economic status, education job opportunity and employment." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1130.

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Weber-Baghdiguian, Lexane. "Santé, genre et qualité de l'emploi : une analyse sur données microéconomiques." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED014/document.

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Cette thèse étudie l'influence du travail sur la qualité de l'emploi et la qualité de vie des individus. Cette dernière est approximée par la perception que les individus ont de leur santé. Le premier chapitre étudie les conséquences de la perte d'emploi liée à la fermeture d'un établissement sur l'ensemble des dimensions de la qualité de l'emploi retrouvé. Nous montrons que ce choc induit une dégradation, y compris sur le long terme, des salaires, de l'insécurité de l'emploi perçue, de la qualité de l'environnement de travail et de la satisfaction des travailleurs. Les deux derniers chapitres tentent de comprendre les déterminants des différences de santé perçue selon le genre. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous analysons le rôle de la santé mentale dans les écarts de santé déclarée selon le genre. Le troisième chapitre étudie l'influence des normes sociales au travail, sur la santé perçue. Nous montrons que les femmes comme les hommes travaillant dans des collectifs de travail féminins déclarent davantage de problèmes de santé spécifiques que celles et ceux travaillant dans des collectifs masculins. Ce travail souligne donc, d'une part, l'effet négatif de la perte d'emploi sur la qualité de l'emploi retrouvé et la satisfaction à long terme et, d'autre part, l'importance du mal-être et des normes sociales au travail pour comprendre les différences de santé perçue entre les genres
This thesis studies the influence of work on job and life quality, the latter being considered through the perception that individuals have of their own health. The first chapter focuses on the long-term effects of job losses due to plant closure on job quality. We show that job loss negatively affects wages, perceived job insecurity, the quality of the working environment and job satisfaction, including in the long run. The two last chapters investigate gender differences in self-reported health. The second chapter provides descriptive evidence on the relationships between self-assessed health, gender and mental health problems, i.e. depression and/or affective pains. Finally, in the last chapter, we study the influence of social norms as proxied by the gender structure of the workplace environment, on gender differences in self-reported health. We show that both women and men working in female-dominated environments report more specific health problems than those who work in male-dominated environments. The overall findings of this thesis are twofold. First, losing a job has a negative impact on several dimensions of job quality and satisfaction in the long run. Secondly, mental diseases and social norms at work are important to understand gender-related differences in health perceptions

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Burke, Moira. "Reading, Writing, Relationships: The Impact of Social Network Sites on Relationships and Well-Being." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2011. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/185.

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The social web has emerged concurrent with a decline in Americans' community involvement and number of close friendships. Hundreds of millions of people connect online, but they appear to have fewer confidants and trust each other less. However, contrasting research finds that web users have better social integration and stronger relationships than their offline counterparts. This thesis resolves these contradictory views through a detailed examination of social network site (SNS) use and changes in relationships and individual well-being. The research is conducted at multiple levels looking at how different types of SNS use—direct interaction with others and more “passive consumption” of social news—influence the number and quality of individuals’ social ties and their aggregate social capital and well-being, including perceived social support, happiness, and physical health. The studies combine objective measures of SNS use (communication activity from the server logs of a popular social networking site) with self-reports of tie strength and well-being to accurately differentiate types of use with different partners. Longitudinal methods reveal how well-being changes over time with SNS use and are moderated by personal characteristics such as social communication skill and recent job loss.

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Cooney, Lucretia. "BULLYING: OUT OF THE SCHOOL HALLS AND INTO THE WORKPLACE." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2676.

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The primary purpose of this study is to identify those people at most risk of being bullied at work. While much research is being conducted on school bullying, little has been conducted on workplace bullying. Using data gathered from a 2004 study conducted by the National Opinion Research Center for the General Social Survey, which included a Quality of Work Life (QWL) module for the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), linear regressions indicated significant findings. As predicted, workers in lower level occupations, as ranked by prestige scoring developed at National Opinion Research, are more likely to be victimized. Data also suggest that being young, Black, and relatively uneducated may contribute to being bullied in certain situations. Future research is needed to examine influences of socio-economic, legal, and other demographic factors that may predict the chance of being bullied.
M.A.
Department of Sociology
Sciences
Applied Sociology MA

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Chuang, Ching-I., and 莊靜宜. "Informational Access and Informational capability Impact on Social Status Attainment and Job Mobility." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44379876538748398768.

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碩士
元智大學
資訊社會學研究所
90
With the entrance into the information age, some scholars think that informational skills and educational qualification are indispensable to seeking employment. Is it possible for job seekers to get promotion because of their performance of informational skills and their ability in informational access? Can college graduates provide required skills for the employment market and get higher social status after receiving job training for informational skills? This study aims at exploring the impact of work experiences, informational access and skills of the trainees receiving job training on their social status and job mobility. The targets for survey are the trainees from the software training program hosted by Executive Yuan. The questionnaires were sent by mail to 249 respondents in total. The result presents most of the trainees'' jobs have mobilized toward professional and semi-professional jobs after graduating from the training program. The enhancement of informational skills are strongly related to upward social status. However, in general, the trainees'' income decreases except for those who become professionals. Inter-sectional job mobility was found; particularly, it mobilized from the manufacture industry to producer service. The trainees’ ability in informational access has an influence on the performance of informational skills, the reputation of jobs as well as income. Therefore, the result of this study illustrates that informational access and informational skills can effectively promote one’s social status.

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Nolin, Julie. "Getting through tough times : interpersonal communication coping strategies during job loss." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10170/380.

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This research paper describes what role interpersonal communication plays in coping with and accepting job loss. The study is framed by theories of stress, appraisal, coping, and the theory of Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation (FIRO), where aspects of control, inclusion, and affection are achieved through interpersonal communication. Using a combination of surveys and in-depth interviews, two groups of copers were determined: healthy and unhealthy. Then, messages were themed and communication strategies were extracted, to establish what helps a person to thrive or not thrive through a layoff experience. A majority of healthy coping subjects showed solid social support and/or interpersonal communication elements of FIRO-B. Within those categories of FIRO-B, this study shows laid off workers – with purposeful interpersonal communication containing characteristics of affirmation, belonging & acceptance, encouragement, problem solving, trust, elevation, and reverence – are able to focus on opportunities which facilitate their ability to cope effectively with a layoff. Keywords: job loss, layoff, unemployment, stress, appraisal, acceptance, coping, thriving, support, interpersonal communication, self-efficacy, Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation (FIRO)

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Chu, Yin-an, and 朱尹安. "A current status of comprehensive vocational subject teachers cultivate job-related social skills for students." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22780869718298483814.

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碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
特殊教育學系
99
The purpose of this study is to investigate the situation of comprehensive vocation subject teachers’ cultivation of job-related social skill with students. Besides, it compares teachers of different background variables (genders, systems of the school, classifications of teacher qualifications, background of special education knowledge) and different teaching experiences (teaching in comprehensive vocation subjects, teaching vocational practice courses, teaching general courses, teaching vocational courses, being a tutor)with the differences of cultivating job-related social skills. The self-designed questionnaire was used to survey on 203 qualified comprehensive vocation subject teachers in north area (Taipei City, Keelung City, New Taipei City, Taoyuan County, Hsinchu County, Miaoli County, Yilan County). The questionnaire can be divided into two dimensions and seven items, under the “basic job-related social skills” dimension that includes four items: appropriate apparel and well- hygiene, appropriate behaviors, punctuality and attendance, appropriate responses. Under the other dimension is “advanced job-related social skills “and that includes three items: work responsibilities, performances of collaboration, accepting criticism and emotional management. The collected data have been processed and analyzed through frequency distribution, percentage statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffé post hoc comparison. The following results were obtained: 1.With the different dimensions, teachers cultivate “basic job-related social skills” more often than “advanced job-related social skills”. With the different items, teachers cultivate “appropriate apparel and well- hygiene”, “appropriate behaviors”, “punctuality and attendance”,” appropriate responses” and “work responsibilities” more often than “performances of collaboration” and “ accepting criticism and emotional management”. 2.Teachers in different systems of the school, genders, classifications of teacher qualifications and background of special education knowledge cultivate student less in the items of “performances of collaboration” and “accepting criticism and emotional management”. 3.Teachers’ different teaching experiences of general courses, vocational practice courses, vocational courses and being a tutor all cultivate student less in the items of “performances of collaboration” and “accepting criticism and emotional management”. 4.Teachers with both general teacher and special education teacher qualifications cultivate whole job-related social skills more significantly frequently than teachers with only general teacher qualifications. 5.Teachers with less or no experience of being a tutor or teaching vocational practice, vocational and general courses have fewer frequent of cultivate job-related social skills. 6.Teachers with different classifications of teacher qualifications, background of special education knowledge and teaching experiences have the significant diversity in the item of “punctuality and attendance”.

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Fang, Li, and 方莉. "The Job Stress, Family Stress, Social Support and Health Status among the Married Female Nurses." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/tec3bu.

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博士
高雄醫學大學
護理學研究所
101
This study explored married female nurses’ job stress, family stress, social support and their health status. This study used Cross-Sectional correlation design and structured questionnaires which included the questionnaire of demographic data, the job stress scale of Effort-Reward imbalance, the scale of family stress, social support scale (S.S.S.) and the Chinese health questionnaire (Chinese Health Questionaire-12, CHQ-12) . 233 married female nurses were recruited in this study from August 3, 2012 to August 19, 2012 for two weeks. SPSS（Statistical Product and Service Solutions）for Windows 15.0 was used for the number, percentage, average and standard deviation of the descriptive statistics analysis, as well as one way Anova test, independent t-test and multiple regression analyses. The results of this study showed the degree of job stress, whether over-commitment or not, the degree of social support , the degree of family stress and the number of working hours per-week affected the health status of the married female nurses. The number of working hours per-week (≧48hrs/＜44hrs), effort-reward ratio and over-commitment were the main predictors of the health status of the married female nurses. The number of working hours per week bigger than or equal to 48 hours had 4.17 times more risk of unhealthy status than that of working hours per week smaller than 44 hours. Married nurses with the ratio of effort-reward larger than 1 had 5.93 times more risk of unhealthy status compared with those with the ratio of effort-reward larger or equal to 1. Married nurses with over-commitment had 2.59 times more risk of unhealthy status compared with those without over-commitment. According to the results of this study, some suggestions are recommended: A. In the respect of nursing practice, the manager should set up scheduling rules to avoid overtime work. B. In the respect of nursing research, prospective cohort studies are suggested to confirm the cause-effect relationships among the job stress, the family stress and the health status. C. In the respect of nursing education, the medical institutions (hospitals) should include classes related to how to relieve stress and the skills related time management. Moreover, the hospital managers should provide education programs to nurse managers to let them provide assistances on family needs of the married female nurses.

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"The contribution of demographic, dispositional, and situational variables to job loss reactions: A test of several structural models." Tulane University, 1991.

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Job loss and layoffs have become an economic fact of life as a result of constant mergers, acquisitions, restructuring, and general economic malaise. As a consequence, researchers have examined behavioral, physiological, and cognitive reactions of the unemployed. The purposes of this study were to examine the role of age and education in predicting career and employment expectancies, various demographic variables in predicting financial strain and subsequent negative affect, hostility as a result of justice perceptions, and expectations, job loss attributions, and affect as predicted by various attributional styles. 424 job losers who were corporate sponsored outplacement clients of a nation-wide career consulting firm completed a survey involving antecedents of, and behavioral and cognitive reactions to, job loss Analyses were conducted using causal modeling techniques. Older job losers were found to have generally lower vocational expectancies involving their career and prospects for re-employment, particularly with respect to anticipated changes in industries and fields. Education was not found to be a particularly good predictor of either vocational expectancies, nor its components. Job losers with lower salaries and greater number of dependents experienced greater financial strain, and subsequent anxiety, depression, and hostility. Gender and marital status were not predictive of financial strain. Perceptions of justice were found to be multi-factorial, involving both procedural justice and interactional justice. Although both procedural justice and interactional justice were predictive of hostility, interactional justice was a better predictor Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, as well as reliability analysis indicated that the Attributional Style Questionnaire (Peterson, Semmel, Von Bayer, Abramson, Metelsky, & Seligman, 1982) was psychometrically unsound. Employment expectancies involving comparison to others with similar skills, age, and education, and expectancies involving chances for a better or similar salary were negatively related to anxiety. Job loss attributions involving changes in technology, management, obsolescence, and the external factors of labor market and general economic conditions were not predictive of affective reactions. However, job losers blaming their job loss on effort, performance, job demands, inability to fit into the organization's culture, and interpersonal skills, did report experiencing guilt
acase@tulane.edu

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Hsu, Chao-Hsien, and 徐朝賢. "The Study of Veterans’ Job Search and Employment Status Based on the Perspectives of Human Capital and Social Capital." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18352157032336568871.

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碩士
國防大學政治作戰學院
社會工作碩士班
101
Abstract Recently veterans were about to facing the challenge of labors market due to series of policies which designed to downsize numbers of employees from the entire armed forces. This research is to knowing the fact about transformation of career changing for veterans by quantifying statistics and analysis the connections between human capital, social capital and status of employment. Survey samples retrieving copies 220, available 201, rate 91.4%. Following verifications proven by descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, relativity and regression are supporting findings as below: 1. Lacking of necessary working skills and experience are primary barriers of job-seeking. 2. Statistics shown that limitation of job positions which are focusing on low-requiring skill or general services. 3. Most veterans would gain specialties by self-learning rather than join vocational training. 4. Status of education is positively related to successful employment. 5. Age is not the main barrier of job seeking to veterans. 6. The lower the ranks, the less opportunities veterans would have. 7. The longer time of after-retirement, the much more income one has. 8. Human capital and social capital are bounded tight and positively related. 9. The prediction of human capital effecting incomes is stronger than other; social capital is stronger effecting ones social status.

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Yan, Ping doctor of economics. "Essays on search intensity and health shock-induced poverty in rural China." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/18328.

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In the labor market, workers can increase their chances of meeting potential employers through costly search. My first chapter aims to empirically quantify the search intensity of workers, both employed and unemployed. My second chapter develops a theoretical model to study the optimal unemployment insurance with search intensity endogenously chosen by unemployed workers. I devote my third chapter to empirical identification of whether major illness leads to persistent household poverty in rural China. My first chapter studies the search behaviors both on and off the job, and the effect of search intensity on wage determination. Four determinants of wages are considered: productivity, workers’ bargaining power, competition between employers due to on-the-job search, and search intensity. I estimate the structural model using the 2001 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), together with supplementary information from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS). The empirical results demonstrate that search intensity declines as the worker gets a wage rise from her current job. My second chapter addresses the efficiency issues arising from the externalities and hidden-action features of search effort. The solution to the social planner’s problem may not be decentralized in a competitive market. Calibration shows that the current US unemployment insurance (UI) system generates an 8.07% welfare loss relative to the socially optimal allocation. In the third chapter, I use a unique dataset on Chinese rural households to test whether severe illness can cripple a rural household’s economic resources leading to temporary and/or persistent poverty. When health shocks are assumed to be exogenous, in the sense that households cannot control the arrival rate of adverse health shocks by choosing the amount of medical expenditures, a Markov regime-switching regression model reveals no significant evidence that a severe illness causes persistent household poverty. To endogenize health shocks and choices on medical expenses, a dynamic structural model is employed. The structural estimates support the view that major illness leads to persistent household poverty.
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邱柏瑄. "An Investigation about different background of Employability with related social status and job satisfaction. Take the University of Science and Technology as an example." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hnhvj9.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
工業教育與技術學系
105
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between employability, job satisfaction and socioeconomic status among the working population in Taiwan. in University of Technology. In order to achieve the aim of this research, the questionnaire technique was conducted. The samples were systematically selected from the population of the University of Technology in Taiwan with 300 valid responses of 400 respondents from 9 University of Technology, and the return rate is 75.0%。 The research tools of this study included background information, the questionnaire of job satisfaction and the questionnaire of employability. The results were analyzed by the methods of frequency distribution, percentage, average, standard deviation, ANOVA, scheffe's methed, chi-square test, and Pearson’s correlation. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. The core employability and job satisfaction of Taiwan presented at a high potency. 2. The backgrounds and abilities to experience variables of most respondents do affect the employability, but there is no significant difference between the core employability regarding the different English ability at every level. 3.The backgrounds and abilities to experience variables of most respondents do affect the socioeconomic status, especially in the different income and different position. 4. The backgrounds and abilities to experience variables of most respondents have no influence on the job satisfaction, but except for the English ability and the working experience. 5.The results show that there are significant relations between the employability to the socioeconomic status and the employability to the job satisfaction. Keywords: job satisfaction , employability , social status

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CHAO, KUO-LI, and 趙國麗. "The Relationship between Job Stress and Health Status among Nurse Aids of Long-term Care Facilities: Social Support and Occupational Burnout as the Moderator Variables." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wxvdaj.

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碩士
輔英科技大學
護理系碩士班
106
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between job stress and health status among nurse aids of long-term care facilities, using social support and occupational burnout as the moderator variables. The convenience sampling was applied to recruit the research subjects who worked in the long-term care institutions and nursing homes are legally registered and evaluated by Kaohsiung City. The data collection period was from June 01 to June 30, 2018, and a total of 171 nurse aids who were the national citizens and the Southeast Asian citizens were recruited. Using a structured questionnaire as a research tool, the contents are divided into five parts, namely "Demographic Data Sheet", "Working Stress Scale", "Workplace Fatigue Scale", "Social Support Scale" and "Chinese Health Questionnaire ". Data analysis using SPSS 22.0 for Windows statistical application software, including descriptive statistical analysis and multiple linear regression analysis and Johnson – Neyman method. The results of the study showed that the nurse aids’ pressure on the "work" of the long-care institution was higher than that of "interpersonal relationship" and "work environment". The nurse aids’ occupational fatigue in "personal fatigue" and "excessive work" is higher than "service fatigue". The nurse aids' social support level of "emotional support" and "information support" is higher than "substantial support". The occupational fatigue as a moderator variable in the relationship between work stress and health status, but social support is not a moderator variable. Therefore, there is no evidence that the health status of nurse aids is related to social support. This result indicates that when the occupational fatigue scale total score > 59.3586 (accounting for 92.4%), the higher the work stress, the worse the health status. On the other hand, the work pressure that makes occupational fatigue and health status significantly significant is Jensen Nehman's remarkable area > 148.3069. This result indicates that when the total score of the work stress scale for the nurse aids is > 148.3069 (accounting for 16.4%), the higher the occupational fatigue, the worse the health status. The results of this study could be used as a reference for improving the work pressure of the nurse aids and promoting their physical and mental health programs, thereby improving the quality of care of the long-term institutions and safeguarding the health of the residents. Keywords: long-term care facility, nurse aid, work stress, burnout, social support, health

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Coetzee, Pieter Hendrik. "Onverwagse uitdienstrede: 'n pastoraal-narratiewe studie." Diss., 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17913.

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Text in Afrikaans
Om te luister na mense se verhale is om iets van hulle belewinge en singewing te probeer verstaan. Staatkundige verandering in Suid-Afrika. het die arbeidsposisie van veral die wit werker in onsekerheid geplaas. Saam met die internasionale gemeenskap kan gevolglik gese word: Daar bestaan nie meer iets soos werksekerheid nie. In hierdie studie skets drie wit Afrikanermans en hulle vrouens die invloed en gevolge van onverwagse uitdienstrede op hulself en hul gesinslewe. As gevolg van onsekerheid in die werksituasie het deelnemers bestaande sosiale- en geloofsdiskoerse bevraagteken. Deurdat die deelnemers egter hulle verhale in die teenwoordigheid van persone te midde van dieselfde omstandighede vertel het, kon hulle kom tot die ko-konstruering van betekenis en die skep van alternatiewe verhale.
To listen to the stories of people, is to comprehend something of their experiences and the meaning they apply to it. Political change in South Africa placed the vocational position of especially the white Afrikaner worker in an uncertain position. Together with the international community it can now be said: There is no longer such a thing as job security. In this study three white Afrikaner men and their spouses depict the influence and results of unexpected retirement on themselves and their families. Uncertainty in the job-situation led to the questioning of existing social and faith discourses. By telling their stories in the presence of people amid the same circumstances, participants were however able to co-construct meaning and create alternative stories.
Philosophy, Practical & Systematic Theology
M. Th. (Practical Theology)

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Job loss and social status'

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